Synopsis(II)

on

ONLINE
SHOPPING
PORTAL
By
Nikhil Sharma
Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar
Roll no-872097
B.TECH-8thsem

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 INTRODUCTION TO ONLINE SHOPPING

Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services
from a seller in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. If an
intermediary service is present the process is called electronic commerce. An online
shop, e-shop, e-store, internet shop, web shop, web store, online store, or virtual store
evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar
retailer or in a shopping mall. The process is called Business-to-Consumer (B2C) online
shopping. When a business buys from another business it is called Business-to-Business
(B2B) online shopping. Both B2C and B2B online shopping are forms of e-commerce.

This application is designed for Business-to-Consumer (B2C) online shopping.

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 INTRODUCTION TO E-COMMERCE

E-commerce is quite simply, any method of using electronic communications and

computer technology to conduct business. It ranges from small businesses
receiving orders via their web site through to automated systems to control the
supply chain from the initial customer contact right through to management of
suppliers.

E-commerce is about buying and selling products and services on the World
Wide Web. The sellers are individuals, small businesses or large corporations.
The buyers are consumers or businesses. Payment can be made by credit or debit
card, money order, cash, check, services or trade. The range of things that can be
sold using e-Commerce is enormous and covers things that are sold today and
those that are not practical to sell any other way.

ELEMENTS OF COMMERCE

• Buyers – These are people with money who want to purchase a good or
service.
• Sellers – These are the people who offer goods and services to buyers.
Sellers are generally recognized in two different forms: retailers who sell
directly to consumers and wholesalers or distributors who sell to retailers
and other businesses.
• Producers – These are the people who create the products and services
that sellers offer to buyers. A producer is always, by necessity, a seller as
well. The producer sells the products produced to wholesalers, retailers or
directly to the consumer.

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DIFFERENT TYPES OF E-COMMERCE SYSTEMS

• B2B (business to business) systems are designed for businesses to

collaborate or sell goods and services to each other. Whilst shop fronts are
similar to business to consumer system, albeit with fewer graphics, other
systems allow businesses to become involved in auctions and on-line
brokerage of their shares. Newer systems, which are still at the conceptual
stage, will allow businesses to share information and work collaboratively.
• B2C (business to consumer) systems are designed to sell the products
directly to the consumer. These are also known as on-line shopping centers
or on-line retail shops. These types of E-commerce systems are
increasingly becoming popular among the business centers who want to
approach the consumer World Wide.

BENEFITS OF THE E-COMMERCE SOLUTION

1. LOWER TRANSACTION COSTS

2. LARGER PURCHASES PER TRANSACTION
3. INTEGRATION INTO THE BUSINESS CYCLE
4. LARGER CATALOGS
5. NEW BUSINESS MODELS

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 Purpose
Today the internet and its boom have created a new economic scenario that not
only stresses on the classical concept of the “product” but also on the modern
concept of “service”. It is this level of service that dictates whether a commercial
venture will succeed or not in the market. To provide a high accessibility of
service we will design the online shopping website, so that potential customers
need not go to a physical shop to buy products or services. They just need to
online to complete their purchases. Unlike the prevailing “brick and mortar”
shops which have physical existence, we will operate solely from cyber-space.

Most current systems have a physical foundation that is the root cause to quite a
number of problems. By maintaining multiple store fronts, itself being an
expensive proposition, store prices are forced to rise. Thus, by using our product,
our clients’ competitors are at a disadvantage because their costs are significantly
higher than our costs, allowing our clients to sell the same goods at a lower price.
As people become more accustomed to using the internet, they view ordering
products and services online as a time-saving and cost-saving experience, which
is the very essence of our online shopping system.

This project envisages bridging the gap between the seller, the retailer and the
customer. A very high flexibility is being maintained in the design process so that
this project can take the following path:-

 A multiple merchant venue with each merchant having his/her own

window which the customer can visit to browse and subsequently buy the
products from.

 Maintaining the deliverable goods as well as services through single or

multiple windows is also on the agenda.

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 WORKING OF THE PROJECT

This e-commerce site consists of several components which works together to

allow you purchase and sales of goods and services over the Internet. A company
or a customer can register to become the member of the site. This site is related
with the sale of products by a business organization directly to the consumer and
also related with the sale of product by a consumer to other consumer. When you
have finished purchasing and go to the checkout, the server asks for your details,
including delivery address and payment method and stores them in the database
too.

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 MODULES DESCRIPTION
Home Page:
When a user logs in home page for website is opened. The purpose of the home
page is to welcome new visitors and provide a menu of links to the other pages.
The home page contains an index of all the contents and links to various pages of
the website.

Registration Form:
This form contains the information of the person who wants to log in. Here the
user has to enter the user_id and password to sign up.

Displaying Products:
It display the picture of the products if available and an informational cell
containing the product’s item number, name and description and a pricing cell
that displays the product’s current price.

Shopping Cart:
This page contains information like quantity , item_no ,item_name ,and price of
the item. It asked from the user to enter the quantity of the product. It display the
information of that item and calculates a running subtotal.

Payment:
In this page the user enters the shipping and payment information like delivery
address, mode of payment.

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 User master

Product master Payment table

New
Registere
d
Login ok
Proces Process Shipmen
User s purchase t process
Login

Order table

Delivers product

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 DATABASE TABLES

 ADMINISTRATOR:-
In this module the administrator will have an access to manage manufacturers,
categories, subcategories and products. This module will work at the backend. It
can only be accessed by the administrator.

Field Name Type Size Constraints Description

Username Varchar2 50 Primary key Indicates the user of the database
Password Varchar2 50 Not null Refers to the user’s password

 MANUFACTURERS:-
In this module the administrator will manage manufacturers whose products are
sold on website. It stores the manufacture code, name, its details and its logo.

Field Name Type Size Constraints Description

MCODE Varchar2 50 Primary key Indicates the manufactures code
MNAME Varchar2 50 Not Null Refers manufacturers name
MABOUT Varchar2 4000 Null able Refers manufacturers details
MPHOTO Varchar2 100 Null able Refers manufacturers logo

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  CATEGORY MASTER:-
In this module the administrator will manage different categories on website. It
stores the category code , name and its photo.

Field Name Type Size Constraints Description

CCODE Varchar2 50 Primary key Indicates the category code
CNAME Varchar2 50 Not Null Refers category name
CPHOTO Varchar2 100 Null able Refers category photo

 SUBCATEGORY MASTER:-
In this module the administrator will manage different subcategories on website.
It stores the subcategory code, name, category code and name of photo of
subcategory.

Field Name Type Size Constraints Description

SUBCODE Varchar2 50 Primary key Indicates the subcategory code
SUBNAME Varchar2 50 Not Null Refers subcategory name
CCODE Varchar2 50 Foreign key Indicates the category code
SUBPHOTO Varchar2 100 Nullable Refers subcategory photo

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  PRODUCT MASTER:-
In this module the administrator will manage different subcategories on website.
It stores the subcategory code, name, category code and name of photo of
subcategory.

Field Name Type Size Constraints Description

PCODE Varchar2 50 Primary key Indicates the product code
PNAME Varchar2 50 Not Null Refers product name
SUBCODE Varchar2 50 Foreign key Indicates the subcategory code
CPRICE Number 50 Not null Refers cost price
SPRICE Number Not null Refers selling price
MCODE Varchar2 50 Foreign key Refers manufacturers code
STOCK Number Not null Refers stock of product
PPHOTO Varchar2 100 Nullable Refers photo of product
PDESC Varchar2 4000 Nullable Refers description of product

 USERS:-
This table contains the data of all the registered users.

Field Name Data Type Size Constraint Description

Username Number 20 PK Name of the user
password Varchar2 20 Not null Password given by the user
Name Varchar2 30 Not null Name of the person
Address Varchar2 100 Not null Address of the person
phone Varchar2 30 Nullable Phone of the person
Pincode Number 10 Not null Pin code of the person
Email Varchar2 20 Not null Email address of the person

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Date_of_reg Date/Time Not null Date of registration

 ORDER TABLE

A record will be added to the Order table for each order entered by a customer.

Field Name Type Size Constraint Description

orderid Number 9 PK Id of the order
orderdate Date/Time Not null Date of order
customerid Varchar2 100 Foreign key User ID of registered user
Shipping address Varchar2 20 Not null Address where the product is to
be shipped
phone Number 30 Phone no. of the customer
email Varchar2 30 Not null Email address of the customer
modeofpayment Varchar2 10 Not null Cheque/DD/etc
amount Number 10 Not null Total amount of the order

 DELIEVERY INFO
It contains dispatch date.
Field Name Type Size Constraint Description
orderid Number 10 PK Id of the order
Date_of_delievery Date Not null Date of delivery of the
order

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  ORDER DETAIL
Each time an order is placed, one record is added to the Orders table; in addition
one record is added to the Order Details table for each item requested in that
order.

Field Name Type Size Constraint Description

orderid Number 10 PK Id of the order
productno Number 10 NN Number of the product
quantity Number 20 NN Quantity of the product
totalprice Number 10 NN Total price of the product

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 FRONT END TOOLS

Technologies used:-

HTML:-

No book can be printed without paper and paper can be made only with raw
materials. If you are planning to have your website on World Wide Web then you
need the raw material called the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). HTML is
the authoring tool used to develop web pages.

The World Wide Web uses three technologies:

1. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) which is used to write Web pages.
2. HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) which is used to transmit those pages.
3. A Web browser client program to receive the data, interpret it and display the
results.

HTML is a cross-platform standard, which adheres to the standards set by ISO.

So the same HTML document can be viewed in different browsers.
Everything which is created in HTML relies on marks or tags.
It is used to create documents using tags that determine the structure and format.
Hypertext document can contain links to other information sources.

The name World Wide Web truly means something that encompasses just about
every topic in the world. Each HTML document has an Internet address called
the Uniform Resource Locators (URL). URL is a unique address on the Internet,
Which specifies the Web Server address and the address Web page, which
resides on the server.
URL is divided into four parts :
1. Transfer Protocol.
2. Server name.

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 3. Directory Path.
4. File name.
Java Script:-

Java Script is on easy to use object scripting language designed for creating live
on line applications that link together objects and resources on both clients and
servers. Java is used by programmers to create new objects and applets Java
Script is designed for use by HTML page authors and enterprise application
developers to dynamically script the behavior of objects running either on clients
or the servers Java Scripts design and concepts represent the next generation of
software for the internet and is:

• Designed for creating network centric applications

• Complementary to and integrated with Java
• Complementary to and integrated with HTML
• Open and cross platform

With Java Script on HTML page might contain a from that processes data on the
client side server side Java Script might pull data out of a relation data base and
format it in HTML on the fly A page might contain Java Script scripts that run on
both the client and server

JAVA SERVLETS:-

Servlets are the programs that run on a Web server and build Web pages.

Advantage of Servlets:
Java Servlets are more efficient, easier to use, more powerful, more portable, and
cheaper than traditional CGI and then many alternative CGI-like technologies.

Efficient: With traditional CGI, a new process is started for each HTTP request.
If the CGI program does a relatively fast operation, the overhead of starting the
process can dominate the execution time. With Servlets, the Java Virtual

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Machine stays up, and each request is handled by a lightweight Java thread, not a
heavyweight operating system process.

Convenient: Besides the convenience of being able to use a familiar language,

Servlets have an extensive infrastructure for automatically parsing and decoding
HTML form data, reading and setting HTTP headers, handling cookies, tracking
sessions, and many other such utilities.

Powerful: Java Servlets let you easily do several things that are difficult or
impossible with regular CGI. For one thing, Servlets can talk directly to the Web
server (regular CGI programs can't). This simplifies operations that need to look
up images and other data stored in standard places. Servlets can also share data
among each other, making useful thing like database connection pools easy to
implement.

Inexpensive: There are a number of free or very inexpensive Web servers

available that are good for "personal" use or low-volume Web sites. However,
with the major exception of Apache, which is free, most commercial-quality Web
servers are relatively expensive.

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JAVA DATABASE CONNECTIVITY (JDBC)

The simple applications demonstrate the basics of JDBC usage: loading a

database driver, creating a Connection object, creating a Statement
object, executing a SQL statement with the Statement object and returning a
Result Set, and retrieving rows of data using the Result Set object.
Database access with JDBC will always represent some variation of these calls
and additional calls as needed.

One of the limitations of the current implementation of JDBC is that a

Result Set can only be reviewed in serial order—the cursor cannot move
backwards.

Basic JDBC Programming:

1. Load Driver
The first step in using JDBC is to load the JDBC-ODBC bridge driver. This is
usually accomplished using the forName static method of the Class object (which
is part of the base Java system). The call is made as follows: JDBC Tutorial
Class.forName ("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
When this call is made, the Java system searches for the class requested
and loads the driver. A class descriptor is returned by this method, but because it
is not needed, it is ignored. 4

2. Create Connection
The loading of the JDBC database driver does not connect to the database; it
merely creates an environment in the program where this can be done. Before
any database-specific SQL statements can be executed, a connection must be
established to the database. This is accomplished through a call to the
DriverManager.getConnection method to find a specific driver that can create a
connection to the URL requested.

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The DriverManager searches through registered drivers until one is found that
can process the database URL that was specified. If a driver cannot be found, an
exception is thrown and code execution will not continue for that method. Code
that follows this statement can
therefore assert that no exception was thrown and a connection has been
successfully established. The call is made as follows:

String url = "jdbc:odbc:msaccessdb";

Connection con = DriverManager. getConnection ( url, "proip", "ip1998");

In this example, the getConnection method is invoked with a String

containing the URL for the database and two additional String parameters,
one for the user name and one for the user password.

Back End Tools

Oracle is a BACK – END tool , which connects well with the front– end
like Visual Basic (VB) ,Power Builder (PB), Developer 2000 etc ..

Oracle 8.0 offers the following advantages :

 Client Server Application : Different tables created in Oracle do not

get locked on until the user deliberately attempts to do that . Data can
be shared by all users until there is no restriction on the access to the
database.
 User Friendly : The package designed in Oracle can be user friendly to
the extent that even a layman can operate the computer .
 Easier Programming: Oracle is a software that is easy not only for
the users but also for the programmer . This is because there is no
need for any codes arranging the icons in Oracle which is a serious
drawback of other software.
 Capability to handle a much larger number of concurrent users: By
pooling database connection the Oracle 8.0 server is able to service a

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 much larger number of component users ,up to 30000 , depending on the
server operating system and server hardware resource .
 Faster access to data : Oracle 8.0 access the data faster than other
available back – end tools such as FoxPro .
 Large number of files can be opened : In Oracle 8.0 there is no
restriction to the number of files that can be opened
 Improved Security Administration : The Oracle 8.0 server includes
password management , so that a password has a limited lifetime and
must meet certain criteria such as minimum length . An account can be
locked after a specified number of failed login attempts .
 An RDBMS Product : Oracle is the most popular RDBMS products
and it is available on many platforms and can work for all popular
operating systems . Also it offers perfect security and integrity of data .

Java Server Pages:-

Java Server Pages (JSP) is a new technology to integrate server-side code into
static HTML code. JSPs are common to Active Server Pages (ASP), but have
the advance that they run with Java and therefore on almost every operating
system. JSPs are related to Java Servlets, more exact: JSPs are translated into a
Java Servlet when they are called the first time. With every request of a JSP, the
generated Java Servlet runs the service() method.
The main difference between Servlets and JSP is:In JSPs you insert dynamic
Java code into static HTML In Java Servlets you insert static HTML into Java
code.

Tomcat:-
Tomcat is a servlet container and is the reference implementation for the Java
Servlet and JaveServer Pages (JSP) technologies. It does not contain an EJB
container.
Here below an overview of Tomcat version vs. Servlet/JSP specification.
Tomcat version Servlet/JSP Spec
5.5.4 2.4/2.0
4.1.31 2.3/1.2

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3.3.2 2.2/1.1

Apache or any other common web server can’t handle Servlets nor JSP. So we
use the Tomcat server from the Apache sub-project named Jakarta. Tomcat is
the official reference implementation for the Servlet 2.3 and JSP 1.2
specification. Tomcat is a Java based web application container, is open source
and entire free to use (Tomcat is released under the Apache software license).
Tomcat is developed by a group of voluntary programmers.

TRAINING
Training being taken at Real Infotech, Amritsar under Mr.
Umesh Kalia.

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