Microsoft Exchange Server 2003 Administration

Sections

Chapter1
What’s New in Windows and Exchange 2003?
Major Exchange 2003 Components
An Overview of Exchange Components
The System Attendant
The Information Store
The Message Transport System
Exchange Management
Internet Information Services
Microsoft Search
Internet Information Server
Exchange 2003 Service Dependencies
Getting the Right Edition
Upgrading between Editions
Should I Do a Fresh Install or an Upgrade?
Going Native
Are You Following Best Practices?
Read Receipt
Preinstallation Data Gathering, Analysis, and Planning
Using Windows 2000 Server
Network Infrastructure
Hardware
Windows Software
Managing Exchange 2003
Focusing Exchange System Manager
Using Only the Mailbox Management Tools
Time Synchronization
ASSIGNING ADMINISTRATIVE RIGHTS
Assigning Administrative Rights
Built-in Administrative Permissions
Administrator Roles
Segmenting and Customizing Administrative Roles
Accessing Mailboxes
What Permissions Do You Need?
Setting Up Recommend Groups for Administration
TROUBLESHOOTING WITH EXCHANGE DEPLOYMENT TOOLS 63
NTFS Permissions and Exchange 2003
Troubleshooting with Exchange Deployment Tools
Active Directory 101
Active Directory’s Dependence on the Domain Name Service
Domain Controllers
Active Directory Sites
Kerberos
Exchange and the Active Directory Database
ACTIVE DIRECTORY: THE TOOLS OF THE TRADE
Active Directory: The Tools of the Trade
ADSIEdit
LDP.EXE
NetDiag
DCDiag
NLTEST
THE RECIPIENT UPDATE SERVICE 81
Active Directory Schema Manager
Replication Monitor
DupSMTP.vbs
The Recipient Update Service
The Recipient Update Service and Address Lists
Configuring the Recipient Update Service
EXCHANGE 2003’S EFFECT ON ACTIVE DIRECTORY PERFORMANCE 85
Problems Changing Permissions Inheritance
Exchange 2003’s Effect on Active Directory Performance
Exchange Needs DCs and GCs
MAPI Clients and Global Catalogs
PREPARING ACTIVE DIRECTORY FOR EXCHANGE 2003 87
Preparing Active Directory for Exchange 2003
The Exchange Deployment Tools
Preinstallation Checks
Forest Prep
Domain Prep
ACTIVE DIRECTORY GROUPS 91
Active Directory Groups
Query-Based Distribution Groups
Choosing a Group and Scope
The Mail-Enabled Group Expansion Quandary
Other Group-Related Issues
ACTIVE DIRECTORY CUSTOMIZATION99
Active Directory Customization
Creating Administrative Groups before Exchange Installation
Customizing Automatic Display Name Generation
Adding Exchange Mailbox Management Extensions
Making Bulk Changes to the Active Directory
Global Address Lists and Address Lists
Recipient Policies and Mailbox Manager
Letting Users Manage Their Own Directory Attributes
Where Does the Outlook GAL Display Name Come From?
Extensible Storage Engine Database Technology
Transaction Processing 101
ESE Database Operations
What You Need to Know about Exchange Databases
Viewing Advanced Database Information
Content Conversion
Transaction Log Files
Too Many Log Files?
Viewing Advanced Log File Information
The TMP File
The Reserved Logs
Checkpoint Files
Other Files
Database Compaction
Database Integrity Check
Checksum Checks
Large File Copies
Optimizing Database Performance
Optimizing Transaction Logs
Optimizing Database Access
Reversing Exchange 2000 Optimization Tweaks
Reducing Database File Fragmentation
CORRECTLY MANAGING STORAGE GROUPS 151
Correctly Managing Storage Groups
Creating Storage Groups
STORES: MORE STORAGE THAN YOU CAN POSSIBLY BACK UP! 153
Moving Storage Group Files
Stores: More Storage Than You Can Possibly Back Up!
Creating a Store
Managing and Moving Stores
Examining User Mail Storage
Accessing Storage through Exchange Installable File System
IMPROVING SEARCH RESPONSE TIMES USING FULL-TEXT INDEXING163
Improving Search Response Times Using Full-Text Indexing
Is Full-Text Indexing for You?
Indexing Architecture
Creating Full-Text Indexes
Customizing Full-Text Indexing
Planning Storage Capacity
Estimating Mailbox Store Usage
Getting Enough Disk Space
Server-Based Storage versus Local Storage
Outlook Automatic Message Archiving
ExMerge
Mailbox Store Message Archiving
Archival Systems—An Idea Whose Time Has Come
The Changing State of Messaging
Common Disaster Causes
How to Lose Your Job with Exchange
Administrators: Grounds for Termination
Exchange Server—Worst Practices
User Faux Pas
Stability versus Continuity of Service
Building a Solid Platform
Server Platform
Strengthening Your Infrastructure
Establish Operational Policies
Establish Change and Configuration Control
Active Directory—Best Practices
DEFINE A SERVICE-LEVEL AGREEMENT205
Define a Service-Level Agreement
Microsoft Exchange, Esq
Protect Your Company—Define Acceptable Use
Disclaimers
Archiving
How Did We Do That? The Case for Documentation
What Should Be Documented?
Tools That Can Help
Exchange 2003 Organization—Best Practices
Establish Global Limits
Establish Mailbox Limits
Automatically Purge Deleted Items
Configure Message Tracking
Monitor Your Servers
Define Specific Exchange Server Roles
Keep Security in Mind
DOES ANYONE KNOW WHERE THE EXCHANGE SERVER CD-ROM IS? 223
Does Anyone Know Where the Exchange Server CD-ROM Is?
Systems Administration Training
User Education
And a Little Bit of Therapy on the Side
What Should You Do Daily?
Daily Reports
Events to Watch Out For
WEEKLY, MONTHLY, LONG-TERM, AND ONGOING HEALTH CHECKS
Weekly, Monthly, Long-Term, and Ongoing Health Checks
Long-Term Maintenance
PERFORMING GOOD BACKUPS 247
Performing Good Backups
Making Good Backups
Backup Hardware and Software
Approaches to Exchange Backup
Exchange 2003 Backup FAQ
Dealing with the Recently Departed
Don’t Delete That Mailbox!
Sending Everything to One Place
Stop Calling Here!
Moving Mailboxes
The Move Mailbox Wizard
Using Outlook to Move Mailbox Data
Moving Mailboxes to a New Organization
Customizing Client Features
Restricting MAPI Client Versions
Restricting Access to Specific Users Only
Restricting User Access to Specific Protocols
Customizing System Messages
Customizing the Details Templates
Organizing System Mailboxes
Enhancing Ambiguous Name Resolution
Using Mailbox Manager
Configuring Mailbox Manager
Applying Exchange Policies
Permissions to Assign Policies
Server Policies
Mailbox Store Policies
Public Folder Store Policies
System Policies FAQ
Status Monitoring and Notifications
Configuring Resource Status Monitors
Configuring Notifications
Using Message-Tracking Logs
Using the Message Tracking Center
BARGAIN-BASEMENT REPORTING TOOLS
Bargain-Basement Reporting Tools
Creating Mailbox Location Reports
Generating a Notice When Users Exceed Their Mailbox Limits
Statistical Information from Performance Console
Rolling Your Own Tools
Exchange 2003 Event Sinks
Types of Store Events
Transport and Protocol Events
Sample Event Sinks
Determining Which Event Sinks Are Installed
Reporting and Monitoring Tools
Basic Reporting
Reporting, Monitoring, and Beyond
Zen and the Art of Performance Monitoring
Performance Checks: Quick and Dirty
Performance Monitoring 101: Using System Monitor
MONITORING WINDOWS 2003 PERFORMANCE 381
Monitoring Windows 2003 Performance
Useful Windows 2003 Performance Console Counters
Monitoring Exchange 2003
Exchange 2003 Performance Console Objects
Useful Exchange 2003 Performance Console Counters
Optimizing Exchange 2003
Optimizing Memory for Exchange
Optimizing Active Directory Access
Optimizing an SMTP Bridgehead Server
Disaster Recovery 101
One Man’s Disaster Is Another Man’s
What Do You Want to Recover Today?
Practice Makes Perfect
Disaster Recovery Tips
Speeding Up Disaster Recovery
Testing Complete Server Failure
Don’t Be Afraid to Call for Help
DISASTER RECOVERY SCENARIOS 409
Disaster Recovery Scenarios
Dial-Tone Recovery (Service Now, Data Later)
Mailbox and Public Folder Accidents
Corrupted Messages
Cleaning Up a Virus Outbreak
Damaged or Corrupted Information Store
Wholesale Server Failure
Restoring Data
Restoring from an Online Backup
Restoring from an Offline Backup
Using the Recovery Storage Group
REPAIRING A DAMAGED STORE431
Repairing a Damaged Store
Restoration and Disaster Recovery FAQ
Clustering 101
Should You Cluster?
Understanding the Basics of Clustering
Exchange 2003 Cluster Basics
Failover and Failback
Hardware Requirements
Cluster Server Hardware Scalability
Clustering and Server Roles
Installing a Cluster
Prerequisites
Configuring Clustering on Windows 2003
Installing Exchange 2003 into a Cluster
MOVING TO AN EXCHANGE 2003 CLUSTER 473
Moving to an Exchange 2003 Cluster
CLUSTER OPERATIONS 475
Cluster Operations
Forced Failovers
Monitoring Cluster Performance
Clustering Best Practices
Public Folders 101
Managing Public Folders Using Exchange System Manager
Creating Top-Level Public Folders
Changing a Mailbox Store’s Default Public Folder Server
Managing Public Folders
Designing Public Folder Structure and Hierarchy
Public Folder Stores and Trees
Using the Propagate Settings Feature in Exchange System Manager
WHAT’S IN THE DEFAULT PUBLIC FOLDER HIERARCHY?
What’s in the Default Public Folder Hierarchy?
Exchange 2003 System Folders
Creating Organizational Forms Libraries
SECURITY AND PUBLIC FOLDERS
Replication of Critical Systems Folders
Security and Public Folders
Security via Groups
Setting Permissions
Assigning Access Permissions
PUBLIC FOLDER REPLICATION 499
Public Folder Replication
Picking a Replication Design
Monitoring Modifications and Replication Conflicts
Creating a Public Folder Replica
Replicating Public Folder Content from Exchange 5.5
Forcing Public Folder Hierarchy and Content Replication
Replication and Routing Group Connector Settings
Monitoring Public Folder Replication
Client Connectivity
Diagnostic Logging for Public Folders
Out-of-Sync Public Folders and Backfill
Assigning a Public Folder a New Home
Offline Replication Capabilities
Removing a Replica
Where Do You Start?
First Things First
Problems with Windows Servers
Problems with Mailbox and Public Folder Servers
Diagnostics Logging
Deciphering Problems with Active Directory
Testing Active Directory Connectivity
Problems with Mail Recipients
Confirming Connectivity and Name Resolution
Verifying Connectivity
DNS Name Resolution
Fixing Service Start-up Problems
Some Common Problems
SOLVING MESSAGE FLOW PROBLEMS543
Solving Message Flow Problems
Monitoring Queues Using the Queue Viewer
Diagnosing Non-delivery Reports
Garbled Messages
Client Responsiveness Complaints
SMTP 101: Understanding SMTP
SMTP Extensions Supported
Establishing an SMTP Session
Exchange 2003 Message Routing Architecture
SMTP Virtual Servers
SMTP Virtual Server Configuration Recommendations
Applying Filters
Customizing SMTP and SMTP Virtual Servers
Global Message Delivery Settings
Message Format
Resolving Inbound SMTP Addresses
Changing SMTP Default Folders
Reducing the Size of DSNs
TROUBLESHOOTING THE SMTP VIRTUAL SERVER 583
Troubleshooting the SMTP Virtual Server
Flushing Queues
Non-delivery Reports
Solving Name Resolution Problems
Solving Configuration and Software Problems
SMTP and Diagnostics Logging
Help! Do I Have an Open Relay?
Using SMTP Protocol Logs
TIGHTENING SMTP SECURITY 597
Tightening SMTP Security
Using Relay and Smart Hosts
Resolving Anonymous Mail
Allowing SMTP Relay
Enabling TLS/SSL for SMTP
Changing the SMTP Banner
Disabling Extended SMTP Command Verbs
Directory Harvesting and Tar Pits
Defining SMTP Addresses
Local Recipients
Sharing an SMTP Address Space
Relay Domains
Introducing Routing Groups
Designing an Effective Routing Group
Administering Routing Groups
The Link State Table
Connecting Routing Groups
Routing Group Connectors
Configuring Routing Group Connectors
X.400 Connectivity
Configuring X.400 Connectors
Choosing the Right Connector
SMTP Has More Overhead?
Message Data Format between Exchange Servers
Which Connector Is Right for You?
Building Message Routing Redundancy
Controlling Outbound SMTP Mail to the Internet
Configuring an SMTP Connector
Using an SMTP Smart Host for Outbound Mail
Adding Disclaimers to Outbound Mail
Controlling Inbound SMTP Mail
Before You Start
Defining an Inbound Mail Strategy
Defining Filters
Spam! Spam! Spam!
Is It Bad Karma?
Quarantine It, Tag It, or Delete It!
Detection and False Positives
Bayesian Methods
You Got Problems? We Got Solutions!
UNDERSTANDING SMTP HEADERS681
Understanding SMTP Headers
Who Owns an IP Address?
E-mail Security and Best Practices
Exchange Security Checklist
Implementing Adequate Physical Security
Protecting Mail-Enabled Groups
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Preventing Excessive Administrator Permissions
Security Out of the Box
Securing Data Transmissions
Securing Server-to-Server Communications
Implementing Outlook Encryption on the Network
DISABLING UNNECESSARY SERVICES 703
Disabling Unnecessary Services
Exchange 2003 Back-End Servers
Exchange 2003 Front-End Servers
Enabling Auditing and Logging
Windows Auditing
Exchange Server Diagnostics Logging
Logging Internet Client Activity
Shielding Exchange from Viruses
Just the Stats, Ma’am
Consider a Multilayer Approach
Implementing Client-Side Virus Protection
Message Vulnerability
Message Capture on the Wire
Secure Messaging Should Be
Encryption Basics
Common Encryption Terms
The Key to Encryption
Certificates
Should I Use a Third-Party CA?
Is It the End of the World?
Implementing S/MIME for Outlook 2003
Obtaining a Certificate
Enabling Outlook S/MIME Security Settings
Importing Certificates to Active Directory
Using Outlook with S/MIME
It Came from Beyond
Trustworthy Computers—Not!
Exposing Your Internal Hosts and IP Addresses
Avoid Exposing Yourself in Public
Reducing Your Surface Area
Firewalls 101
Configuring a Firewall for Exchange 2003
Exchange 2003 TCP/UDP Port Usage
Communicating with Domain Controllers
Exchange Server and MAPI Clients
Which Ports Are Currently Open?
Setting Up and Tweaking Outlook
MAPI or Outlook Profiles
Outlook Tweaks and Tips
Using RPC over HTTP
A Sample Configuration
Requirements for Using RPC over HTTP and Outlook 2003
Configuring RPC over HTTP
RPC over HTTP FAQs
TROUBLESHOOTING OUTLOOK CONNECTIVITY 789
Troubleshooting Outlook Connectivity
Common Errors and Problems
Messages Stuck in the Outbox
Cleaning Up Problems with Outlook
Command-Line Switches
Confusing Form Behavior in Outlook 2000
Delivery Locations and the Missing E-mail Dilemma
TROUBLESHOOTING OUTLOOK USING PORT QUERY795
Troubleshooting Outlook Using Port Query
Outlook 2003 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting HTTP over RPC
Understanding OWA 2003
OWA 2003 Features and Architecture
Versions, Versions, Versions
Successfully Deploying OWA 2003
Premium versus Basic Client
Manipulating OWA through URLs
Using Keyboard Shortcuts
Employing Forms-Based Authentication (OWA Login Page)
Redirecting Users to SSL Pages
Understanding the OWA Spell Checker
Tweaking and Customizing OWA
Changing OWA Features through the Registry
Attachment Blocking
Blocking Attachment Types
Changing the Default Folder List
Changing Cookie Timeouts
Disabling the Premium OWA Interface
Stopping Web Beacons
Forcing S/MIME Signing or Encryption
Disabling the Change Password Button
Throttling Back Spell Checking
New Mail and Calendar Reminders
Enabling Freedoc Access
Increasing the Compression Factor
Enforcing Use of Unicode Characters to Send Mail
Using Forms-Based Authentication and ISA Server
Troubleshooting Forms-Based Authentication
Using the OWA Web Admin Interface
Using the OWA Web Admin interface
Customizing OWA Graphics
REMOVING THE FORMS-BASED AUTHENTICATION DOMAIN NAME REQUIREMENT 825
Changing Passwords through OWA
Changing a password through OWA
Removing the Forms-Based Authentication Domain Name Requirement
Creating Custom OWA Themes
ENABLING OWA SEGMENTATION (USING ONLY SPECIFIC FEATURES)829
Enabling OWA Segmentation (Using Only Specific Features)
Securing Outlook Web Access
Deploying Front-End and Back-End Servers
Reverse Proxies and Exchange 2003
Requiring Secure Sockets Layer
Enabling HTTP Protocol Logging
Using S/MIME with Outlook Web Access
Troubleshooting OWA 2003
HTTP Error Codes
Connectivity Problems
Login Problems
Interface Problems
Finding Configuration Errors
Exchange Server 2003 Wireless Service Basics
Outlook Mobile Access and Exchange ActiveSync
Outlook Mobile Access
Exchange ActiveSync
Devices That Support ActiveSync
CONFIGURING ISA SERVER FOR EXCHANGE MOBILITY877
Configuring ISA Server for Exchange Mobility
Install the Same Certificate on the ISA Server and on the Exchange Server
TROUBLESHOOTING OMA AND ACTIVESYNC883
Troubleshooting OMA and ActiveSync
Understanding Exchange 2003 and Internet Protocol Clients
Read-Only Client Protocols
Location of Services and Message Retrieval
Calendar Requests with POP3 and IMAP4 Clients
POP3 and IMAP4 Virtual Servers
Querying Active Directory Using LDAP
Improving Internet Protocol Client Security
Authenticating POP3 and IMAP4 Users
Enabling Secure Sockets Layer for POP3 and IMAP4 Clients
Changing the POP3 and IMAP4 Banners
TROUBLESHOOTING POP3 AND IMAP4 PROBLEMS903
Troubleshooting POP3 and IMAP4 Problems
Fixing Common Problems
Troubleshooting POP3 Clients
Troubleshooting IMAP4 Clients
Enabling Exchange 2003 Diagnostics Logging
Enabling Protocol Logging
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