“Transparency and Accountability”

By Rosie Langi (ACFE)

(Board of Director, Transparency International-Fiji)

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 Disclaimer
Neither this presentation nor any material that you might receive
shall constitute legal advice or the opinions of the ACFE

While the practices and methodologies which will be presented are

considered industry best-practices, specific circumstances and fact
patterns should drive your process and approach

Any similarities of name or circumstances which occur in the case

studies, exercises or examples is purely coincidental

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 Transparency defined
 Transparency, implies openness, communication, and
accountability. It is a metaphorical extension of the
meaning a “transparent” object is one that can be seen
through.

 Transparent procedures include open meetings,

financial disclosure statements, freedom of information
legislation, budgetary reviews, audits, etc.

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 Accountability defined
 It is often used synonymously with such concepts as
responsibility, answerability, blameworthiness, liability,
and other terms associated with the expectation of account-
giving.

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 Peoples' Charter
 Pillar One (1)
Ensuring Sustainable Democracy and Good and Just Governance

The Way Forward; key measures and actions

1. To ensure good and just governance, including greater
transparency and accountability, and to combat corruption:
 a robust and effective opposition, able to scrutinise the
programmes and policies of government
 A Parliamentary Committee system that has the resources and
capacity to consider matters before the Parliament in a non –
partisan manner in the interest of the people and nation
 The people have access to Parliament through their petitions and
proposals and that these receive appropriate and due consideration

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 T&A in practice - The reality!
 Members have access to information via the FNPF site
 Manuals
 Word of mouth
 Media – Fiji TV, blogs, local papers
....................................
- No access to Annual Report?
- FNPF policies & procedures?
- Real information for informed decision making.

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 Why transparency and
accountability are vital for
FNPF ?

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 Opportunity

Fraud
Triangle

Pressure Rationalization
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 THE FRAUD TREE
Asset Fraudulent
Corruption
Misappropriations Statements

Conflicts
of Interest Cash Financial

Bribery Inventory &

All Other Assets Nonfinancial

Illegal
Gratuities

Economic
Extortion
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 Initial Detection of Frauds
23.8%
Internal Audit
18.6%
23.6%
Tip From Employee
26.3%
21.3%
By Accident
18.8%
18.4%
Internal Controls
15.4%
10.9%
External Audit
11.5%
7.8%
Tip from Customer
8.6%
6.2%
Tip from Vendor
5.1%
5.1%
Anonymous Tip
6.2%
0.9%
Notified by Police
1.7%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

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 Conclusion: In Application to FNPF
The Way Forward; key measures and actions
1. To ensure good and just governance, including greater transparency
and accountability, and to combat corruption:
 Formidable, robust and effective opposition, able to scrutinise the
programmes and policies of FNPF
 No – Nonsense, independent Public Financial Oversight Board
(PFOB)
 Professionals with adequate resources and capacity to be in the
PFOB to consider matters in a non – partisan manner in the interest
of the members and nation
 Flow of information, openness and easy access by members to PFOB
through petitions and proposals and that these receive appropriate
and due consideration.
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 Vinaka

 Transparency
- pp 26, 29 (x3)
 Accountability
- p95 (x1)
 Governance
- pp7, 89 (x5)

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 Further references
 http://transparency.org
- Transparency International Business Principles for
Countering Bribery
- Corruption Index
 www.acfe.com
- Fraud prevention policy
- Whistleblower policy
 rosie_consult@yahoo.com.au

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