Early Release / Vol. 60 June 6, 2011
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Sexual Identity, Sex of Sexual Contacts,and Health-Risk Behaviors Among Studentsin Grades 9–12 — Youth Risk BehaviorSurveillance, Selected Sites,United States, 2001–2009
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Early Release
The
MMWR
series of publications is published by the Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Suggested Citation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Title]. MMWR Early Release 2011;60[Date]:[inclusive page numbers].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Thomas R. Frieden, MD, MPH,
Director
Harold W. Jaffe, MD, MA,
Associate Director for Science
James W. Stephens, PhD,
Director, Office of Science Quality
Stephen B. Thacker, MD, MSc,
Deputy Director for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services
Stephanie Zaza, MD, MPH,
Director, Epidemiology and Analysis Program Office
MMWR Editorial and Production Staff
Ronald L. Moolenaar, MD, MPH,
Editor,
MMWR
Series
Martha F. Boyd,
Lead Visual Information Specialist
Christine G. Casey, MD,
Deputy Editor,
MMWR
Series
Malbea A. LaPete, Julia C. Martinroe,Stephen R. Spriggs, Terraye M. StarrTeresa F. Rutledge,
Managing Editor,
MMWR
Series Visual Information Specialists
David C. Johnson,
Lead Technical Writer-Editor
Quang M. Doan, MBA, Phyllis H. KingCatherine B. Lansdowne, MS,
Project Editor Information Technology Specialists
MMWR Editorial Board
William L. Roper, MD, MPH, Chapel Hill, NC, ChairmanVirginia A. Caine, MD, Indianapolis, INPatricia Quinlisk, MD, MPH, Des Moines, IA Jonathan E. Fielding, MD, MPH, MBA, Los Angeles, CAPatrick L. Remington, MD, MPH, Madison, WIDavid W. Fleming, MD, Seattle, WABarbara K. Rimer, DrPH, Chapel Hill, NC William E. Halperin, MD, DrPH, MPH, Newark, NJJohn V. Rullan, MD, MPH, San Juan, PR King K. Holmes, MD, PhD, Seattle, WAWilliam Schaffner, MD, Nashville, TNDeborah Holtzman, PhD, Atlanta, GAAnne Schuchat, MD, Atlanta, GA John K. Iglehart, Bethesda, MDDixie E. Snider, MD, MPH, Atlanta, GA Dennis G. Maki, MD, Madison, WIJohn W. Ward, MD, Atlanta, GA
CONTENTS
Introduction ............................................................................................................2Methods....................................................................................................................2Results .......................................................................................................................5Discussion .............................................................................................................43Conclusion ............................................................................................................49References .............................................................................................................50 Tables ......................................................................................................................51
Early Release
MMWR / June 6, 2011 / Vol. 60 1
Sexual Identity, Sex of Sexual Contacts, and Health-Risk BehaviorsAmong Students in Grades 9–12 — Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance,Selected Sites, United States, 2001–2009
Laura Kann, PhDEmily O’Malley Olsen, MSPHTim McManus, MSSteve KinchenDavid Chyen, MS William A. Harris, MMHowell Wechsler, EdD
Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
Abstract
Problem:
Sexual minority youths are youths who identify themselves as gay or lesbian, bisexual, or unsure of their sexual identity or youths who have only had sexual contact with persons of the same sex or with both sexes. Population-based data on the health-risk behaviors practiced by sexual minority youths are needed at the state and local levels to most effectively monitor and ensurethe effectiveness of public health interventions designed to address the needs of this population.
Reporting Period Covered:
January 2001–June 2009
Description of the System:
The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors priority health-risk behaviors(behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries, behaviors that contribute to violence, behaviors related to attempted suicide,tobacco use, alcohol use, other drug use, sexual behaviors, dietary behaviors, physical activity and sedentary behaviors, and weightmanagement) and the prevalence of obesity and asthma among youths and young adults. YRBSS includes state and local school-based Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBSs) conducted by state and local education and health agencies. This report summarizesresults from YRBSs conducted during 2001–2009 in seven states and six large urban school districts that included questions onsexual identity (i.e., heterosexual, gay or lesbian, bisexual, or unsure), sex of sexual contacts (i.e., same sex only, opposite sex only,or both sexes), or both of these variables. The surveys were conducted among large population-based samples of public schoolstudents in grades 9–12.
Results:
Across the nine sites that assessed sexual identity, the prevalence among gay or lesbian students was higher than the preva-lence among heterosexual students for a median of 63.8% of all the risk behaviors measured, and the prevalence among bisexualstudents was higher than the prevalence among heterosexual students for a median of 76.0% of all the risk behaviors measured.In addition, the prevalence among gay or lesbian students was more likely to be higher than (rather than equal to or lower than)the prevalence among heterosexual students for behaviors in seven of the 10 risk behavior categories (behaviors that contribute toviolence, behaviors related to attempted suicide, tobacco use, alcohol use, other drug use, sexual behaviors, and weight manage-ment). Similarly, the prevalence among bisexual students was more likely to be higher than (rather than equal to or lower than)the prevalence among heterosexual students for behaviors in eight of the 10 risk behavior categories (behaviors that contributeto unintentional injuries, behaviors that contribute to violence, behaviors related to attempted suicide, tobacco use, alcohol use,other drug use, sexual behaviors, and weight management). Across the 12 sites that assessed sex of sexual contacts, the prevalence among students who had sexual contact with both sexes was higher than the prevalence among students who only had sexual contact with the opposite sex for a median of 71.1% of allthe risk behaviors measured, and the prevalence among students who only had sexual contact with the same sex was higher thanthe prevalence among students who only had sexual contact with the opposite sex for a median of 29.7% of all the risk behaviorsmeasured. Furthermore, the prevalence among students who had sexual contact with both sexes was more likely to be higherthan (rather than equal to or lower than) the prevalence amongstudents who only had sexual contact with the opposite sex forbehaviors in six of the 10 risk behavior categories (behaviorsthat contribute to violence, behaviors related to attemptedsuicide, tobacco use, alcohol use, other drug use, and weightmanagement). The prevalence among students who only had
Corresponding author:
Laura Kann, PhD, Division of Adolescentand School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preventionand Health Promotion, MS K-33, 4770 Buford Hwy, NE, Atlanta,GA 30341. Telephone: 770-488-6181; Fax: 770-488-6156; E-mail:LKann@cdc.gov.
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