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© INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION &
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© 2011 INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATIONAll rights reserved. May not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without the writtenconsent of the International Finance Corporation (IFC). This information, while based on sourcesthat IFC considers to be reliable, is not guaranteed as to accuracy and does not purport to becomplete.This information shall not be construed, implicitly or explicitly, as containing any investment rec-ommendations, and, accordingly, IFC is not registered under the U.S. Investment Advisers Act of 1940. This information does not constitute an offer of or on behalf of IFC to purchase or sell anyof the enterprises mentioned, nor should it be considered as investment advice.The denominations and geographical names in this publication are used solely for the conve-nience of the reader and do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFC, the World Bank, or other affiliates concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city,area, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its boundaries or national affiliation.Any views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank or International Finance Corporation.Commissioned by IFCs Access to Finance Advisory DepartmentPublished in the United States of America, May 2011©
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has over a decade of experience in providing practical, client-responsive, market-ledsolutions to assist financial service providers and institutions working with low income clientssucceed and achieve their mission and business objectives. It has a history of working alongsidefinancial institutions, telecom operators and FMCG companies, livelihood institutions and devel-opment agencies of varied institutional forms and sizes throughout Africa and Asia. It has under-taken assignments in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Cameroon, China, Colombia, Egypt,Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, the Philippines, Sierra Leone,South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Vietnam.
 
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© INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION &
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Table of Contents
List of Tables iiList of Figures iiAcknowledgments iiiAbbreviations ivExecutive Summary 11. Contextual Background
 
22. Macroeconomic and Demographic Trends in Bangledesh 2
2.1 Macroeconomic Trends 32.1.1 Inflations 52.2 Demographic Data 62.2.1 Population 62.2.2 Poverty Levels 72.2.3 Occupations 82.2.4 Migration 92.2.4.1 Internal Migration 92.2.4.2 International Migration 10
3. Legal and Regulatory Framework 11
3.1 Regulation of NGO-MFIs 133.1.1 Microcredit Act and Microcredit Regulatory Authority (MRA) 143.1.2 MRA’s Current Licensing Status 153.2 The Banking System 153.3 Grameen Bank 163.4 Postal Savings 163.5 Microinsurance of NGO-MFIs 173.6 Issues in Regulations 173.6.1 Microsavings Interest Rates 173.6.2 Caps on Lending Rates 173.6.3 Prevalence of Dual Regulation 183.6.4 Limitations to Mobilising Savings by NGO-MFIs 183.6.5 Reduction of Lending Rate by Commercial Banks 213.7 Impact of Regulation 21
4. (Micro) Deposit Service Providers, Products, Methodologies 22
4.1 Performance of MF-NGOs in Deposit Mobilisation 224.2 Performance of Grameen Bank in Deposit Mobilisation 244.3 Performance of Banks in Deposit Mobilisation 264.4 Performance of the Postal Department of Bangladesh in Deposit Mobilisation 284.4.1 Postal Insurance 304.4.2 Electronic Money Orders 304.5 Performance of the Directorate of National Savings in Deposit Mobilisation 314.6 Performance of Co-operatives Societies in Deposit Mobilisation 314.7 Performance of Insurance Companies in Deposit Mobilisation 334.8 Performance of Informal Service Providers 35
5. Savings Practices in Bangladesh 36
5.1 Reasons Why People Save 405.2 Preference of Service Provider to Meet Savings Need 42
6. Conclusion 44
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