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    Of foremost relevance, King John signed Magna Carta most reluctantly–not until he did comply with the request of Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, in behalf of Pope Innocent III, did the Pope's Barons reinstate their Oath of Fealty to John. Shakespeare does in fact introduce Stephen Langton in his first history play, King John (3.1.143), and reference to the Oath of Fealty, renewed 4 days after the King signed Magna Carta simultaneously refers to that legal Charter. Furthermore, Shakespeare reminds us of King John's impressions of those who sought the vast quantity of land that his Mother Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122 or 1124 – 1 April 1204) had inherited, property in France that she did seek most conscientiously to bestow her sons; land that everyone in France and in England did crave. King John's evaluation of his adversaries: “All of the kings of Christendom are led so grossly by this meddling priest; dreading the curse that money buy out…this juggling witchcraft with revenue cherish” (Shakespeare, 1955, 3.1.162-169). Shakespeare does recall that Oath in Act 3, and he does indicate that King John is somewhat innovative in the first Protestant Movement. I am not suggesting that these words be taken out of the context in which the Bard did intend them; nor am I supporting any generalized meaning of them. One should not forget that neither King John nor his son wrote the Carta; rather, it was written by the very Barons who supported Pope Innocent III and who were represented also by Cardinal Pandulph, the Pope's legate–issues that Shakespeare himself addresses as he introduces us to the Holy See. You know, I am a bit puzzled because I introduced this subject to a distant cousin in ancestry.com more than a year ago with whom I share a family tree with the most distinguishable George Seward whom we trust is in the best of health. Indeed, another issue about the Magna Carta relates to the entire biographies, not only of Eleanor of Aquitaine, but to those of the Plantagenet descent of her second husband Henry II, whose association in Jerusalem, I witness, is being challenged by those of contemporary Western faiths. King John's Mother, hence his son Henry III's Grandmother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Eleanor's first husband, Louis VII (the Younger or the Young) of France with whom she sojourned in the futile Second Crusade, ultimately represented diverse ethical and religious quests. Geoffrey V Plantagenet (1113-1151), the father of Eleanor's second husband, Henry II, was the first Plantagenet–his Father was Fulk V the Younger of Anjou (1092-1143), documented as a "King of Jerusalem" who died in Israel; his Mother, Ermengarde DuMaine (1096-1126). Henry II's line to William the Conqueror is through his Mother Matilda P. England (1102-1169), the daughter of Henry Beauclerc (1068-1135) and Mathilda of Scotland (1080-1118). Please correct me if this is erroneous information. We must value and continue to research important concepts, analogies, and examples that are covered by the Oxford English Dictionary (the OED)–Elizabethan and Renaissance times do coincide, as indicated through the importance of the Magna Carta that is at last recognized by leaders who supported and influenced Shakespeare's first history play, which also indicates the adversaries of King John who did accuse him of conspiring in the death of his young nephew Arthur (29 March 1187-1203). Shakespeare in fact quotes some magnificent lines of Eleanor who thought that Arthur was too young to manage the kingdom–Arthur was 20 years younger than John. Even Hubert, a citizen of Angiers before he served King John, did not take the life of 16-year old Arthur. After King John realized the seriousness of the issue, he expressed remorse just before Arthur jumped from a castle tower. Adamantly supported in France and in Italy by those who did not wish to return to Eleanor any property she intended for her sons, Constance, the widow of John's brother Geoffrey, preferr

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    Of foremost relevance, King John signed Magna Carta most reluctantly–not until he did comply with the request of Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, in behalf of Pope Innocent III, did the Pope's Barons reinstate their Oath of Fealty to John. Shakespeare does in fact introduce Stephen Langton in his first history play, King John (3.1.143), and reference to the Oath of Fealty, renewed 4 days after the King signed Magna Carta simultaneously refers to that legal Charter. Furthermore, Shakespeare reminds us of King John's impressions of those who sought the vast quantity of land that his Mother Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122 or 1124 – 1 April 1204) had inherited, property in France that she did seek most conscientiously to bestow her sons; land that everyone in France and in England did crave. King John's evaluation of his adversaries: “All of the kings of Christendom are led so grossly by this meddling priest; dreading the curse that money buy out…this juggling witchcraft with revenue cherish” (Shakespeare, 1955, 3.1.162-169). Shakespeare does recall that Oath in Act 3, and he does indicate that King John is somewhat innovative in the first Protestant Movement. I am not suggesting that these words be taken out of the context in which the Bard did intend them; nor am I supporting any generalized meaning of them. One should not forget that neither King John nor his son wrote the Carta; rather, it was written by the very Barons who supported Pope Innocent III and who were represented also by Cardinal Pandulph, the Pope's legate–issues that Shakespeare himself addresses as he introduces us to the Holy See. You know, I am a bit puzzled because I introduced this subject to a distant cousin in ancestry.com more than a year ago with whom I share a family tree with the most distinguishable George Seward whom we trust is in the best of health. Indeed, another issue about the Magna Carta relates to the entire biographies, not only of Eleanor of Aquitaine, but to those of the Plantagenet descent of her second husband Henry II, whose association in Jerusalem, I witness, is being challenged by those of contemporary Western faiths. King John's Mother, hence his son Henry III's Grandmother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Eleanor's first husband, Louis VII (the Younger or the Young) of France with whom she sojourned in the futile Second Crusade, ultimately represented diverse ethical and religious quests. Geoffrey V Plantagenet (1113-1151), the father of Eleanor's second husband, Henry II, was the first Plantagenet–his Father was Fulk V the Younger of Anjou (1092-1143), documented as a "King of Jerusalem" who died in Israel; his Mother, Ermengarde DuMaine (1096-1126). Henry II's line to William the Conqueror is through his Mother Matilda P. England (1102-1169), the daughter of Henry Beauclerc (1068-1135) and Mathilda of Scotland (1080-1118). Please correct me if this is erroneous information. We must value and continue to research important concepts, analogies, and examples that are covered by the Oxford English Dictionary (the OED)–Elizabethan and Renaissance times do coincide, as indicated through the importance of the Magna Carta that is at last recognized by leaders who supported and influenced Shakespeare's first history play, which also indicates the adversaries of King John who did accuse him of conspiring in the death of his young nephew Arthur (29 March 1187-1203). Shakespeare in fact quotes some magnificent lines of Eleanor who thought that Arthur was too young to manage the kingdom–Arthur was 20 years younger than John. Even Hubert, a citizen of Angiers before he served King John, did not take the life of 16-year old Arthur. After King John realized the seriousness of the issue, he expressed remorse just before Arthur jumped from a castle tower. Adamantly supported in France and in Italy by those who did not wish to return to Eleanor any property she intended for her sons, Constance, the widow of John's brother Geoffrey, preferr

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    Shakespeare's King John and Magna Carta

    Uploaded by

    Cynthia Gallagher
    Of foremost relevance, King John signed Magna Carta most reluctantly–not until he did comply with the request of Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, in behalf of Pope Innocent III, did the Pope's Barons reinstate their Oath of Fealty to John. Shakespeare does in fact introduce Stephen Langton in his first history play, King John (3.1.143), and reference to the Oath of Fealty, renewed 4 days after the King signed Magna Carta simultaneously refers to that legal Charter. Furthermore, Shakespeare reminds us of King John's impressions of those who sought the vast quantity of land that his Mother Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122 or 1124 – 1 April 1204) had inherited, property in France that she did seek most conscientiously to bestow her sons; land that everyone in France and in England did crave. King John's evaluation of his adversaries: “All of the kings of Christendom are led so grossly by this meddling priest; dreading the curse that money buy out…this juggling witchcraft with revenue cherish” (Shakespeare, 1955, 3.1.162-169). Shakespeare does recall that Oath in Act 3, and he does indicate that King John is somewhat innovative in the first Protestant Movement. I am not suggesting that these words be taken out of the context in which the Bard did intend them; nor am I supporting any generalized meaning of them. One should not forget that neither King John nor his son wrote the Carta; rather, it was written by the very Barons who supported Pope Innocent III and who were represented also by Cardinal Pandulph, the Pope's legate–issues that Shakespeare himself addresses as he introduces us to the Holy See. You know, I am a bit puzzled because I introduced this subject to a distant cousin in ancestry.com more than a year ago with whom I share a family tree with the most distinguishable George Seward whom we trust is in the best of health. Indeed, another issue about the Magna Carta relates to the entire biographies, not only of Eleanor of Aquitaine, but to those of the Plantagenet descent of her second husband Henry II, whose association in Jerusalem, I witness, is being challenged by those of contemporary Western faiths. King John's Mother, hence his son Henry III's Grandmother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Eleanor's first husband, Louis VII (the Younger or the Young) of France with whom she sojourned in the futile Second Crusade, ultimately represented diverse ethical and religious quests. Geoffrey V Plantagenet (1113-1151), the father of Eleanor's second husband, Henry II, was the first Plantagenet–his Father was Fulk V the Younger of Anjou (1092-1143), documented as a "King of Jerusalem" who died in Israel; his Mother, Ermengarde DuMaine (1096-1126). Henry II's line to William the Conqueror is through his Mother Matilda P. England (1102-1169), the daughter of Henry Beauclerc (1068-1135) and Mathilda of Scotland (1080-1118). Please correct me if this is erroneous information. We must value and continue to research important concepts, analogies, and examples that are covered by the Oxford English Dictionary (the OED)–Elizabethan and Renaissance times do coincide, as indicated through the importance of the Magna Carta that is at last recognized by leaders who supported and influenced Shakespeare's first history play, which also indicates the adversaries of King John who did accuse him of conspiring in the death of his young nephew Arthur (29 March 1187-1203). Shakespeare in fact quotes some magnificent lines of Eleanor who thought that Arthur was too young to manage the kingdom–Arthur was 20 years younger than John. Even Hubert, a citizen of Angiers before he served King John, did not take the life of 16-year old Arthur. After King John realized the seriousness of the issue, he expressed remorse just before Arthur jumped from a castle tower. Adamantly supported in France and in Italy by those who did not wish to return to Eleanor any property she intended for her sons, Constance, the widow of John's brother Geoffrey, preferr

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    of 41

    Introduction: Exploring Democracy through the Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Carta and Shakespeares King John


    1

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John Title and Subtitles: Exploring Democracy through the Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John; (1) First Dramatic Work of History by William Shakespeare (1564-1616), and (2) King John (1167-1216)

    Crusades

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216) Crusades

    First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)


    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    This presentation should user shouldyou totodescribe completion of thisthat Shakespeare Priority Concept that each enable be able do upon the the events presentation considered in respect to King John and the importance of Magna Charta

    Crusades

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216) Crusades

    First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)


    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeare: Holy Wars and King John

    Crusades

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeare considers the Fall of the Roman Empire (476) in respect to the Crusades and King John

    Crusades Fall of the Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216)

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeare considers the Battle of Hastingsthe Norman Invasion (1066) in respect to King John
    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades Fall of the Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216)

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeare Considers the Crusades (1095-1291) in respect to King Crusades John (1095-1291)
    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades Fall of the Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216)

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Crusades Crusades Shakespeare considers the role of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) in respect to her youngest son King John Fall of the Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    King John (1167-1216)

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades Shakespeare considers King Johns entire life (1167-1216) of Eleanor of (1095-1291) Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Youngest Son

    Crusades Fall of the Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216)

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeare considersCrusades as the supporter of theYoungest Son who was unjustly Eleanor Troubadours imprisoned for 16 years by her firstof Eleanor of husband (1095-1291)
    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066) Eleanor: Supporter of Troubadours; imprisoned for 16 years by her first husband Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Crusades Fall of the Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars

    Crusades

    King John (1167-1216)

    First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)


    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeare considers King Johns Crusades Crusades dispute of the rights of Pope Fall of the Roman Innocent III (1205) King John Empire (476)
    (1167-1216) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Eleanor: Supporter of Troubadours; imprisoned for 16 years by her first husband:

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Disputed the rights of Pope Innocent III (1205)

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Eleanor: Disputed the Supporter rights of of Pope Troubadours; Innocent III imprisoned (1205) Shakespeare considers the words of King John to the Barons and for 16 years Crusades Crusades by her first for which King John is Stephen Langton, and the causes husband: Fall of the King John is Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066) Roman Empire (476)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    excommunicated by the Pope

    King John (1167-1216) Crusades

    excommunicated by the Pope (1209)

    Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Eleanor: Disputed the Supporter rights of of Pope Troubadours; Innocent III imprisoned (1205) for 16 years King John and the cause Crusades Crusades Shakespeare considers the reactions of by her first for which he levies taxes on the Catholic Barons (1212) John is husband: Fall of the King Roman excommunicated King John Empire (476) by the Pope (1167-1216) (1209) Crusades King John levies taxes Holy Wars on the Catholic First Dramatic Work of History by: Barons William Shakespeare (1212) (1564-1616)
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Shakespeare
    Fall of the Roman Empire (476)

    Eleanor: Supporter of Troubadours; imprisoned for 16 in Windsor of King Crusades Crusades considers the ambushyears by her first Barons in 1215 husband: King John (1167-1216) Crusades King John is ambushed at Windsor by the Barons (1215)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    John by the

    Disputed the rights of Pope Innocent III (1205)

    King John is excommunicated by the Pope (1209) King John levies taxes on the Catholic Barons (1212)
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

    Eleanor: Disputed the Supporter rights of of Pope Troubadours; Innocent III imprisoned (1205) Shakespeare considers Runnymede where Crusades of Fealty is the Oath for 16 years Crusades renewed by the Barons to theby her first 1215, four days after King King in husband: Fall of the King John is John signed the Magna Charta Roman excommunicated King John Empire (476) by the Pope (1167-1216) (1209) King John is Crusades ambushed at King John Windsor by the levies taxes Holy Wars Barons (1215) on the Catholic First Dramatic Work of History by: At Runnymede, Barons William Shakespeare the Oath of Fealty (1212) (1564-1616) is renewed by the Exploring Democracy through Barons to the King Magna Charta and (1215) Shakespeares King John

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Crusades Crusades Shakespeare considers the causes for and affects of the Council of Council of Trent of the the Inquisition Pope Gregory IX began to conductKing1233is and in John Trent; Fall Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616) Inquisition (12331700s) King John (1167-1216) King John is ambushed at Windsor by the Barons (1215) excommunicated by the Pope (1209)

    Eleanor: Supporter of Troubadours; imprisoned for 16 years by her first husband:

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Disputed the rights of Pope Innocent III (1205)

    King John levies taxes on the Catholic At Runnymede, the Barons Oath of Fealty is (1212) renewed by the Barons to the King Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and (1215) Shakespeares King John

    Battle of Hastings Norman Invasion (1066)

    Crusades (1095-1291)

    Crusades Crusades Shakespeare also considers theCouncil of Counter-Reformation which began in the of the 16th Century through the discretion of ProtestantKing John is early leaders Trent; Fall Roman Empire (476) Crusades Holy Wars Inquisition (12331700s) King John (1167-1216) King John is ambushed at Windsor by the Barons (1215) excommunicated by the Pope (1209)

    Eleanor: Supporter of Troubadours; imprisoned for 16 years by her first husband:

    Youngest Son of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204)

    Disputed the rights of Pope Innocent III (1205)

    CounterReformation (1500s+)

    First Dramatic Work of History by: William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

    King John levies taxes on the Catholic At Runnymede, the Barons Oath of Fealty is (1212) renewed by the Barons to the King Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and (1215) Shakespeares King John

    Covering the last years of King Johns life, Shakespeare is aware that:
    Covering the last years of King Johns life, Shakespeare is aware of the needs that the Magna Charta does address Foreign war has persisted against the will of the nations people; Respected individuals such as King Johns Mother have been imprisoned unjustly and without due process; Fishing, language, and other civil rights of the people have continued to be ignored.

    18

    Eleanor Pleas to Save Her Land for Her Own Children

    Notice the large area of the powerful region of Aquitaine (circled to the right in yellow) that Eleanor (to the left) had inherited through her Father William X

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 19 Shakespeares King John

    The words of Eleanor for Constances passion for war

    What now, my son? Have I not ever said How that ambitious Constance would not cease Till she had kindled France and all the world Upon the right and party of her [extremely young] son? This might have been prevented and made whole With very easy arguments of love, Which now the manage of two kingdoms must With fearful bloody issue arbitrate. Eleanor (King John 1.1.32-38)

    Exploring Democracy through 20 Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeare reminds the audience that Arthurs fate is at the determination of his mother Constance

    Constances son Arthur (1187-1203)

    Exploring Democracy through 21 Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    King Johns Mother Eleanor asks her Grandson Arthur to come to her (King John 2.1.159)

    Eleanor: Come to thy Grandam, child (2.1.159)

    Exploring Democracy through 22 Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Eleanors words ever prevail in the mind of King John and his author/playwright Shakespeare as she advocated for peaceful resolutions
    Eleanors Memories

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 23 Shakespeares King John

    Earl of Salisburys exquisite words (Act IV, Scene 2, lines 14-15)

    Earl of Salisbury: With taper-light To seek the beauteous eye of heaven to garnish (4.2.14-15)
    Exploring Democracy through 24 Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Emphasizing the prevalence of War during the Middle Ages

    Both foreign and Holy War were all too common during the Middle Ages of King John

    Exploring Democracy through 25 Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Middle Ages Portrait of King John

    Middle Ages Portrait of King John that has Endured Hardship throughout time
    Exploring Democracy through 26 Magna Charta and Shakespeares King John

    Shakespeares original theater was similar to an amphitheater

    Shakespeares original theater was similar to an amphitheater

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 27 Shakespeares King John

    The Book of Kells is among the literary volumes known by Shakespeare

    From the Book of Kells, this page is a feature of the Middle Ages known by both King John and Shakespeare
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 28 Shakespeares King John

    Words of Constance

    War, war, no peace! Peace is to me a war. O for which King thou dost shame against the Peace Limoges, O Austria, Johns Mother That bloody spoil. Thou slave, thou wretch, thou did advocate coward! Thou little valiant, great in villainy! Thou ever strong upon the stronger side! Thou Fortunes champion, that dost never fight But when her humorous ladyship is by To teach thee safety! Thou art perjured too, And soothst up greatness.* What a fool art thou, A ramping fool, to brag and stamp and swear Upon my party! Thou cold-blooded slave, Hast thou not spoke like thunder on my side, Been sworn my soldier, bidding me depend Upon thy stars, thy fortune, and thy strength? And dost thou now fall over to my foes? Thou wear a lions hide! Doff it for shame, And hang a calfskin on those recreant limbs. Constance: King John 3.1.113-129 *soothst up greatness: to flatter the influential
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 29 Shakespeares King John

    Arthur leaps from the castle wall

    Disguised as a ship-boy, Arthur leaps from the castle wall to his death (King John 4.3.1-10)

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 30 Shakespeares King John

    The Affect of the Crusades on King John


    PANDULPH (the Popes legate): Hail, you anointed deputies of heaven To thee, King John, my holy errand is. I, Pandulph, of fair Milan cardinal, And from Pope Innocent the legate here, Do in his name religiously demand Why thou against the Church, our holy mother; So willfully does spurn, and force perforce Keep Stephen Langton, chosen Archbishop Of Canterbury, from that Holy See. This, in our foresaid Holy Fathers name, Pope Innocent, I do demand of thee. KING JOHN: What earthy name to interrogatories Can taste the free breath of a sacred king? Thou canst not, Cardinal, devise a name So slight, unworthy, and ridiculous, To charge me to an answer, as the Pope. Tell him this tale, and from the mouth of England Add thus much more: that no Italian priest Shall tithe or toll in our dominions;
    But as we, under God, are supreme head, So, under Him, that great supremacy Where we do reign we will alone uphold Without th assistance of a mortal hand. So tell the Pope, all reverence set apart To him and his usurped authority. KING PHILIP (of France): Brother of England, you blaspheme in this KING JOHN: Though you and all the kings of Christendom Are led so grossly by this meddling priest, Dreading the curse that money may buy out, And by the merit of vile gold, dross, dust. Purchase corrupted pardon of a man Who in that sale sells pardon from himself Though you and all the rest, so grossly led, This juggling witchcraft with revenue cherish, Yet I alone, alone do me oppose Against the Pope, and count his friends my foes. --King John 3.1.136-171
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta31 and Shakespeares King John

    The Oath of Fealty was renewed four days after King John signed the Magna Charta

    Four days after King John signed the Magna Carta (June 15, 1215), the Barons restored their Oath of Fealty to him

    32

    The Magna Charta is an original attempt to restrain leaders to proclaim war without the consent of their nation

    The Magna Carta (also called the Great Charter of English Liberties) is an original attempt to document the need of a leader to acquire the consent of his/her nation before pursuing foreign war
    33

    The Magna Charta assured that individuals cannot be imprisoned without due process

    The Magna Carta also assured that individuals cannot be imprisoned without due process--the foundation of English common law and the individual liberties recognized by the United States Constitution.
    34

    An original Magna Charta is on exhibit at the San Francisco, California Palace of the Legion of Honor from the University of Oxford Bodleian Library until June 5, 2011

    An original Magna Carta is on exhibit at the San Francisco Palace of the Legion of Honor until June 5, 2011. Normally restricted from public view, the Great Charter is preserved by the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford, England.
    35

    Timeline: 1205-1215
    Runnymede, King John, and Magna Charta Timeline
    1205: King John disputed the rights of Pope Innocent III about who should be Archbishop of Canterbury, and he therefore banished Stephen Langton, the Popes designee as an Archbishop, from his English kingdom. 1209: King John was excommunicated by the Pope. At the same time, the Pope banished all worship services and church functions throughout the parishes of the English King. 1212: King John struggled as attempted to reclaim his former lands of Aquitaine, Poitou and Anjou; therefore, he levied taxes on the French Catholic Barons with whom he did argue over his ruling policies of his English Kingdom (the rise of the Magna Charta to instill democratic freedoms.) 1215: Documented on January 1215, the Articles of the Barons set forth the orders to King John by Stephen Langton and the Barons to govern by the old English laws of England that preceded the Norman InvasionCatholic Stephen Langton demanded that John govern by the original Anglo-Saxon laws. 1215: Later during the year, the Barons armed themselves to battle King John. They captured London in May 1215. Exploring Democracy through
    Magna Charta and 36 Shakespeares King John

    Timeline: 1215-1534
    Runnymede, King John, and Magna Charta Timeline
    1215: In full armor, the Barons ambush King John at Windsor at which time John agreed to sign and send the document on June 10, 1215 at Runnymede; June 15: The Oath of Fealty is renewed through King John. 1233 through the 17th Century: The Inquisition and Council of Trent are fully in force as the persecution of Galilei Galileo (1564-1642) indicates, issues that were well understood by Shakespearethe Inquisition was originally established in 1233 by Pope Gregory IX to suppress heresy. 1212: King John struggled as he attempted to reclaim his former lands of Aquitaine, Poitou and Anjou; therefore, he levied taxes on the French Catholic Barons with whom he did argue over his ruling policies of his English Kingdom (the rise of the Magna Charta to instill democratic freedoms). 1412-1431: Joan of Arc patronizes the French King Charles VII, helping to win the Battle of Herrings, only to be burned by the Holy See of the University of Paris through predominant English support; not until Speeds History of Great Britain (1611) was she beatified; not until 1920 did Pope Benedict XV canonize her as a Saint. 1534: Jesuits is a term that was applied by 1534 to members of the Society of Jesus, a Society or company founded by St. Ignatius of Loyola, to propagate the Roman Catholic faith among the heathen through Exploring Democracy through methods of secrecy and discipline; the word has since suggested a deceiver or Magna Charta and 37 prevaricator. Shakespeares King John

    Timeline: 15th through 17th Centuries; Welcoming Questions, Thoughts


    Runnymede, King John, and Magna Charta Timeline
    1500s: Great 16th-Century Movement against the authority of the Roman Catholic Church that culminated in the established Protestant religion. Its Chief leaders include Martin Luther, John Calvin, Ulrich Zwingli, and John Knox. This Movement originated as a protest against religious-based crimes against humanity, unjust abuse such as the execution of Joan of Arc, and it has profoundly affected politics and political implications since then. 1618-1648:Thirty Years War: Battle that devastated Central Europe, particularly Germany, and finally most of Europequite a religious conflict between Protestants and Roman Catholic nationsGermany extended its provinces to include the Calvinists.

    Questions?
    Welcoming your thoughts
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 38 Shakespeares King John

    Activities
    I. Listen to the entire broadcast of King John at: http://www.speak-the-speech.com/SOS.htm

    II. Create a map of the characters in this historic play of King John by going to the following: http://mapper.nndb.com/start/?id=93144
    III. Navigate the webquest on the following slide and explain the concept that Joseph Papp describes as Machiavellian intrigue typical of practices that are not humanitarian but based on self-gratification and greed.

    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 39 Shakespeares King John

    Webquest
    http://www.constitution.org/eng/magnacar.htm http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/timeline-of-king-john.htm http://broadband.ciconline.org/shakespeare/content/teachers.html

    http://www.folger.edu/,
    http://www.asdk12.org/depts/language_arts/curriculum/high/Electives /Shakespeare.pdf , http://www.william-shakespeare.info/shakespeare-play-king-john.htm http://shakespeare.mit.edu/
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 40 Shakespeares King John

    References
    Boyce, C., White, D. (Ed. Consultant), & Hands, T. (Foreword). (1990). Shakespeare A to Z. N.Y. & U.K.: Roundtable Press, Facts on File. Intersegmental Committee of the Academic Senates (ICAS) (Spring, 2002). Academic literacy: A statement of competencies expected of students entering California public colleges and universities. Sacramento, CA: ICAS. Retrieved from http://icas-ca.org/Websites/icasca/Images/Competency/AcademicLiteracy2002.pdf Kelly, A. R. (1950). Eleanor of Aquitaine and the four kings. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Shakespeare, W. (1955). The histories and poems of Shakespeare, illustrated edition, vol. 2, Chicago: Spencer Press. Shakespeare, W., Bevington, D. (Ed.), & Papp, J. (Foreword). (1988, January 1). The complete works of William Shakespeare, vols. I-IV. New York: Bantam Classics, Pearson Education. Troutman, N. (2005, February, 25). The Magna Carta 1215. Retrieved from http://www.constitution.org/eng/magnacar.htm
    Exploring Democracy through Magna Charta and 41 Shakespeares King John

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