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i
Fundamental Aspects of Educational Technology
ii iiiFundamental Aspects of Educational TechnologyYOGENDRA K. SHARMAKANISHKA PUBLISHERS, DISTRIBUTORSNEW DELHI-110 002ivKANISHKA PUBLISHERS, DISTRIBUTORS4697/5-21A, Ansari Road, Daryaganj,New Delhi 110 002Phones: 327 0497, 328 8285,Fax: 011-328 8285First Published 2002© AuthorISBN 81-7391-525-3PRINTED IN INDIAPublished by Madan Sachdeva for Kanishka Publishers, Distributors, 4697/5-21 A, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi110 002; Lasertypeset by Baba DTP Services, Delhi, and Printed at Nice Printing Press, Delhi.v
Preface
The present work in your hand is the result of your appreciation of my following works in the subject for which I expressmy gratitude, indebtedness and heartfelt thanks to you.1. History and Problems of Education, Vols. Iⅈ2. Foundation in Sociology of Education;3. Doctrines of Great Indian Educators; and4. Doctrines of Great Western Educators.Educational Technology is a fast growing science committed to converting raw-hand teachers into really effective andefficient ones by equipping them with practical teaching skills and qualities of creative teaching. Teaching technology has,in recent years, undergone revolution in respect of new methods employed in teaching at different levels. New methodshas greatly enhanced the value of Teacher Education and has made teaching interesting, effective and purposeful.There is a practical need for bridging the gap between traditional and modern approaches of teaching and learning,because these days teaching strategies are touching new heights on account of modernisation as a result of interdisciplinary contributions, which need to be understood by future teachers and teachers alike. The work in hand is asincere effort in this direction.
 
The work at hand covers the development of methodsviapplication and evaluation of systems, techniques and aids needed to improve the process of teaching and learning. It dealswith the efforts being made in educational institutions for the application of scientific methods with a view to organisenew sets of equipment and material needed for effective teaching and learning.The work at hand is comprehensive enough to meet the requirements of syllabi for B.Ed, and M.Ed, courses of almost allthe universities in India and hence, useful for pupil teachers undergoing training in any university. In addition to it, thisbook will inspire all working teachers, educational administrators and general readers because it contains up-to dateknowledge on various aspects of educational technology.I have tried my best to make this book as a textbook for students and reference book for the teachers and educationists,the readers are the best judge of its merits. Suggestions for improvement are, therefore, cordially invited.YOGENDRA K. SHARMAvii
Contents
Preface v1. Basic Ingredients of Educational Technology 1
• Meaning and Nature of Education* Etymological Meaning of Education* Narrower Meaning of Education* Wider Meaning of Education* Analytical Meaning of Education* Broader True Meaning of Education* Data of Education• Western Concept of Education• Indian Concept of Education• Synthetic Definition• Modern Concept of Education* Difference Between Education and Instruction* Parts of Education Meaning of Science Meaning of Technology* Relationship Between Science and Technology• Origin of Educational Technology• Meaning of Educational Technology• Definitions of Educational Technologies• Objectives of Educational Technology• Types of Educational• Technology Functions of Educational
 
• Technology Importance and Need of Educational Technology• Instructional Designviii• Scope of Educational Technology• Characteristics of Educational Technology• Schools of Teaching Technology or Educational Technology• Questions for Answer
2. Kinds and Components of Educational Technology 33
• Discipline-Centred Teaching• Instructor-Centred Teaching• Student-Centred Cognitive Teaching• Student-Centred Affective Teaching• Cognitive Versus Affective Orientation• Practical Analysis of Orientation• Emphasis on Learning• Components of Educational Technology* 1. Behavioural Technology* 2. Instructional Technology* 3. Teaching Technology• Questions for Answer
3. Teaching Technology—Some Basic Aspects 54
• Meaning of Teaching• Definitions of Teaching• Difference between Teaching, Instruction and Learning• Difference between Education and Teaching• Difference between Teaching and Indoctrination• Difference between Teaching and Training• Impact of Philosophy on Teaching• Dynamic Nature of Teaching Technology• Teaching as Science• Relationship between Teaching and Learning• Objectives of Teaching• Teaching Variables• Meaning of Variables
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