"Вестник общественного мнения" №5 (97) за 2008 год

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E-mail: direct@levada.ru
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,
77981 10 2003 .
-, , 2008 ISSN 2070-5107
The Russian Public Opinion Herald

Data. Analysis. Discussions
5(97)
Bi-monthly
Analytic Centre
Yury Levada
(Levada-Centre)
The Interdisciplinary
Academic Centre for
Social Sciences
(InterCentre)
SeptemberOktober 2008
CONTENTS
MONITORING OF CHANGES: PRINCIPAL TRENDS
ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION
Aged People: New Possibilities or One More Limitation? (by Marina
KRASILNIKOVA)
Youth in Russia: The Portrait of s Generation in Transition (by Denis
DAFFLON)
Tatyana Zaslavskaya
(Chair)
Abel Aganbeghian
Anatoly Vishnevsky
Tatyana Vorozheikina
Leokadia Drobizheva
Natalia Rimashevskaya
Teodor Shanin
Vladimir Yadov
Yevgenii Yassin
Editorial Board
Lev Gudkov
(Editor-in-Chief)
Boris Dubin
(Deputy Editor-in-Chief)
Alexei Grazhdankin
Ludmila Khakhulina
(Deputy Editor-in-Chief)
Marina Krasilnikova
Galina Sterlikova
Natalia Zorkaya
(Executive Secretary)
Who and Where Works with Pleasure (by Galina MONUSOVA)
19
36
43
The Project NameRussia as a New Textbook on History

(by Lubov BORUSYAK)
58
The Boundaries and Problems of Sociology of Culture in Modern

Russia: Towards the Possibility of Description (by Boris DUBIN).
67
Virtual War and its Real Consequences (by Boris DUBIN)
Members of
the Editorial Council
CHRONICLE OF SCIENTIFIC LIFE

III All-Russia Sociological Congress
75
Autors of the issue
80
INFORMATION: SURVEYS FINDINGS
81
82
83
I. Technical Notes
II. Attitudes, Opinions and Evaluations of the Population
SUMMARY
118
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.: Passas N. Global Anomie, Dysnomie and Economic Crime: Hidden
Consequences of Neoliberalism and Globalization in Russia and Around the
World // Social Justice. 2000. 27. . 1644.
2
Ibid. . 30.
1
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HuschkaD., Mau S. Aspects of Quality of Life // Social Anomie in South
Africa, Wissenschaftwzeunturm Berlin fr Sozialforschung. 2005. January.
3
5 (97) 2008
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. ., . . ., 2001. . 94. . : WilliamsCh.,
Chuprov V., Zubok J. Youth, Risk and Russian Modernity. Hampshire:
Ahghate, 2003.
4
20
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Kortchagina I., Ovtcharova L., Prokofieva L., Festy P., Verger D. Conditions
de vie et pauvret en Russie, Economie et statistique. 2005. 383385.
.229.
10
,
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22
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, .: White . Internal Migration Trends in Soviet and PostSoviet European Russia // Europe-Asia Studies. Vol. 59/ 6. 2007. P.887
911.
14
Ibid. . 889.
13
Omelchenko Y. Russian Youth Scenes at the Turn of the 21st Century, or

How the Yobs are Driving out the Informals // Kultura. 2005. November, to
be downloaded at http://www.kultura-rus.de/.
12
5 (97) 2008
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(1519 ).
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.

.
. -,
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. : Ukraine: Quo Vadis?,
(Paris Institute for Security
Studies), Chaillot Paper. 2008. 108 ( : http://www.iss.
europa.eu/).
19
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.
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25
5
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)

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10
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0
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,

5 (97) 2008
. 60% ,
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31

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3
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.

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.
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. . 80%

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5 (97) 2008
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20
40
60
80
100
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80
70
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55
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45
44
40
30
27
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60
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/,

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,

. // . 2008. 8 ., . : Johnsons Russia List,

2008. 72.
20
30
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, ,
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, , ,
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31
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0
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24
25
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58
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Ibid.
21
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40
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Interpersonal Violence and Alcohol in the Russian Federation//Policy
Briefing, Violence and Injury Prevention Programme, WHO Regional Office
for Europe, 2006. . 1. http://www.euro.who.int/Document/E88757.pdf.
24
.
23
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2008 .
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) .
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2008 . 2008 . , (http://www.
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5 (97) 2008
37
1
? ( %
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,
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6
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10
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.
, 20032004 .
2006 . (
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,
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.
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2008 .

.
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5
5 (97) 2008
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(
1600 ):
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15
2007
2008
11
27
32
26
36
23
39
21
33
31

(
) . (. . 3).
3
, ( % )
12
41
27
7
14
11
37
30
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16
2006 2008 2008

XI
V
VIII
1
2
1
4
5
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14
1
26
27
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28
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III
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3
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15
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5
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3
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5
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2
16
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28
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6
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7
18
31
27
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1
4
2004
.
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22
38
19
8
2
4
2005
.
7
10
27
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2
5
2006
.
3
9
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5
5 (97) 2008
2007
.
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11
31
35
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3
2007
.
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5 (97) 2008
41

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)
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1.88
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47
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http://www. hdrstats.undp.org. Human Development Report, 2007/2008.
48
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, ()
. : Moulton B. Illustration of a Pitfall in Estimating the
Effects of Aggregate Variables in Micro Units// The Review of Economic and
Statistics. 1990. Vol. 72. 2; .
. .: , 2007. . 314.
4
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53
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, : Namkee A., Garcia J. R. Job Satisfaction in Europe. 2004, FEDEA
D.T.2004 016.
6
, ,
: Namkee A., Garcia J. R. Ibid.
5
54
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35
44
14
8
58
36
4
2
32
48
10
10
16
42
33
10
24
46
12
19
26
39
27
8
32
47
12
9
51
41
4
4
35
64
-2
38
45
10
7
42
35
16
7
31
42
17
10
30
45
16
10
97
98
..
1597
392
850
329
26
479
496
290
117
344
306
434
396
58
25
8
10
69
22
7
2
74
14
4
7
78
14
2
6
82
12
3
3
95
4
1
--
72
16
2
9
75
14
3
8
78
14
2
5
76
15
3
6
30
48
9
13
31
42
15
12
37
42
11
10
43
39
12
6
54
27
6
12
32
43
11
13
38
42
12
8
35
43
11
11
33
42
15
11
22A. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
77
14
3
7
87
10
1
3
80
12
1
7
22B. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
36
42
12
11
46
36
9
9
38
42
9
12
18
47
24
11
22O. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
34
35
10
22
45
27
7
20
35
35
6
23
16
41
21
22
22C. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
52
32
8
9
67
23
4
6
53
32
5
10
32
39
21
8
29
49
9
13
28
33
13
26
36
35
9
21
41
37
8
15
46
28
2
24
31
34
10
24
37
35
11
17
35
34
9
21
28
38
11
23
52
33
9
6
48
30
11
12
52
32
8
7
64
26
6
4
74
21
1
3
46
36
7
10
50
35
8
6
51
33
7
9
52
27
12
10
48
30
13
10
58
19
1
22
38
36
14
12
35
37
21
7
31
41
17
10
39
33
19
9
22D. , , (, ) ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
37
36
17
11
50
28
12
10
38
37
14
11
20
42
30
8
35
41
4
21
35
36
19
11
38
37
15
9
22E. , , ( , ) ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
31
36
26
7
40
34
18
7
31
38
23
7
18
34
41
8
39
31
24
5
26
34
32
9
32
36
25
7
45
32
17
7
56
34
4
6
39
36
17
8
33
30
30
7
23
39
31
7
25
37
30
8
8
38
36
17
27
35
29
8
15
41
27
17
15
42
23
20
19
49
18
14
27
48
12
13
7
44
24
25
17
37
29
16
17
41
25
17
16
45
22
17
15
40
26
20
27
38
11
24
27
33
20
20
25
38
18
19
29
38
19
14
28
47
5
21
22
32
26
20
26
35
23
16
28
39
12
20
27
38
16
19
22L. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
16
42
24
18
21
46
13
19
15
43
24
18
22P. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
26
37
18
19
31
33
14
22
28
38
17
17
22F. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
47
30
11
13
51
31
9
9
47
30
10
13
42
28
15
15
44
39
-17
46
29
10
14
50
29
10
11
45
32
17
7
49
37
3
11
37
31
16
15
48
34
9
10
54
24
10
12
47
30
10
13
22G. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
43
30
10
18
47
30
8
16
46
28
8
18
29
33
15
23
34
37
12
17
39
30
9
22
41
30
11
18
48
30
10
13
44
35
1
20
38
26
16
20
45
31
9
14
49
24
6
21
37
35
10
17
22
44
25
9
15
38
40
6
14
47
35
4
23
39
31
8
20
45
28
8
21
44
29
6
22
53
16
9
14
40
37
9
27
42
26
5
26
41
25
8
18
45
28
9
26
42
17
15
10
44
33
13
14
56
20
11
25
35
25
15
23
44
18
15
28
42
19
12
24
52
7
18
17
43
26
15
27
42
20
11
29
36
18
16
22
43
21
14
7
26
40
28
18
43
19
20
15
26
32
27
14
30
27
28
24
22
29
25
27
19
25
29
8
28
33
30
21
21
38
20
20
24
26
29
15
33
24
28
45
29
10
16
46
24
9
20
46
27
8
19
48
23
13
16
61
22
1
17
37
23
18
22
50
24
11
15
51
25
6
19
44
26
7
23
25
52
18
5
31
43
17
9
31
47
14
9
34
43
17
6
37
40
10
13
24
45
20
10
37
42
16
5
33
44
14
9
28
48
15
9
22H. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
21
43
28
8
24
44
23
8
22N. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
24
41
20
14
32
37
17
14
22I. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
17
26
29
27
25
27
21
27
17
26
30
28
22G. , , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
47
24
9
19
50
24
8
18
48
23
9
19
40
26
11
22
22K. , , , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
31
45
15
9
37
44
12
7
32
47
12
10
22
40
29
8
23. , / ,
?
1.
2.
3. ,
18
68
13
18
70
13
17
69
14
23
65
12
23
60
18
25
64
11
17
69
14
18
70
12
17
70
13
11
79
10
13
25
60
15
21
71
8
15
68
17
15
72
13
4
84
12
15
75
10
16
76
9
20
64
16
23
64
13
8
74
18
12
77
11
24. , ?
1. ,
2. ,
3.
18
70
12
19
72
9
15
72
14
23
64
13
26
67
7
28
62
10
25. , , / (, , ) ?
99
1.
2.
3. ,
13
74
13
12
77
11
11
74
15
18
68
14
17
80
3
18
69
13
11
74
14
11
78
11
4
85
10
19
66
15
19
72
9
100
.
( % )
2003
179
479
1058
115
172
230
573
844
342
1. , , ?
1.
2.
9.
61
24
15
38
37
25
70
27
3
66
21
14
61
24
15
44
32
24
41
41
18
52
28
20
65
21
14
71
17
11
68
32
--
20
40
31
5
4
14
63
19
1
3
8
58
30
3
2
6
44
29
14
6
4
46
35
11
4
7
51
31
7
4
11
63
21
3
3
22
56
21
-2
40
26
21
-13
4. ?
1.
2. ,
3. ,
4. ,
5.
11
57
25
4
3
18
32
45
4
--
5A. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2
13
62
20
2
1
-18
62
8
7
4
4
24
69
4
---
3
18
67
11
0
1
1
9
62
25
2
1
0
7
45
42
5
1
-2
38
48
10
2
1
7
55
32
3
2
2
14
68
13
0
1
2
25
66
7
---
12
63
25
----
-15
51
16
13
4
2
19
70
9
---
3
17
60
15
2
4
1
12
58
18
2
9
1
15
42
30
3
9
-6
46
28
3
17
1
12
51
25
2
10
3
16
61
13
2
4
2
21
58
16
2
2
-51
39
10
---
5B. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2
15
57
18
2
6
6. , ?
1. ,
2. ,
3.
4.
34
50
13
43
27
30
55
33
10
41
50
6
31
51
14
12
55
27
10
53
32
24
54
17
40
49
8
45
47
7
56
12
19
--
13
7. , , ...
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
5
27
46
17
3
1
9
28
46
16
---
11
37
39
12
1
--
8
34
45
11
1
1
2
22
48
25
3
1
1
14
51
23
10
1
0
10
48
29
12
1
2
20
49
24
4
0
5
30
48
15
1
1
12
37
38
9
1
3
18
54
17
10
---
7. , ( ) ...
1.
2.
3. ,
4.
5.
6.
6
22
44
11
2
16
13
23
39
-7
18
14
35
35
6
-10
8
28
42
6
1
15
4
15
47
15
2
16
1
12
46
19
5
16
0
8
40
22
7
23
2
15
46
14
3
20
6
25
46
9
0
14
15
31
37
7
1
9
13
39
36
--13
5
21
47
7
2
18
1
15
49
14
2
19
-13
50
8
5
24
2
19
44
12
3
20
6
30
42
7
1
13
11
28
38
8
1
14
24
30
23
10
-13
72
20
82
15
85
12
84
14
78
22
8. , , ...
1.
2.
3. ,
4.
5.
6.
5
25
43
9
2
16
18
5
53
-15
9
17
23
36
11
-12
6
33
38
8
1
14
7A. ?
1.
2.
83
14
82
18
81
19
86
12
82
13
74
21
7B. ?
1.
2.
88
10
85
15
84
16
92
7
88
9
76
19
74
20
86
12
90
7
90
9
100
--
65
31
54
42
50
44
62
36
69
27
72
26
81
19
7C. ?
1.
2.
66
31
57
43
72
28
71
27
7D. ? ( , - )
1.
2.
64
33
72
28
63
37
68
30
65
31
50
47
54
41
59
39
68
30
71
27
83
17
11. , ?
1.
2.
3. ,
57
19
24
51
27
22
73
12
15
65
16
19
54
21
25
39
26
36
32
35
33
47
20
33
61
18
21
74
11
15
83
17
--
7
46
42
2
4
8
47
38
2
5
6
47
41
1
5
4
36
44
2
13
4
39
37
8
12
6
45
38
3
9
8
47
39
1
5
5
43
48
0
4
-21
62
-18
12. ?
101
1.
2.
3.
4. ,
5.
7
45
40
2
6
-11
63
8
18
2003
102
179
479
1058
115
172
230
573
844
342
13. , ?
1.
2.
3.
45
40
15
30
59
10
52
38
11
54
33
13
42
41
17
26
57
17
26
51
22
34
47
19
53
35
12
51
36
13
56
31
13
14. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
8
45
29
5
13
9
26
37
13
15
8
46
30
7
9
9
50
24
4
13
8
46
30
4
12
5
28
42
8
17
2
33
40
9
16
6
38
33
6
17
9
49
26
4
12
11
49
26
2
11
18
61
9
-13
6
50
22
2
20
4
40
21
6
29
2
39
20
8
31
7
42
20
3
28
8
56
18
1
17
11
50
18
2
19
-61
9
-30
9
48
18
3
22
5
47
26
2
20
4
31
29
7
29
3
31
22
8
36
6
37
27
3
27
8
51
21
3
18
10
46
23
2
19
18
41
20
9
13
31
56
11
2
19
53
26
2
11
48
38
2
8
45
45
1
17
52
30
1
26
56
16
2
40
50
7
3
38
51
10
--
18
57
12
13
10
54
23
13
6
52
27
15
14
55
14
17
31
51
8
10
43
45
4
9
59
35
-6
28. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
8
50
19
2
21
5
35
31
-29
11
60
15
4
9
10
52
16
1
21
29. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7
45
23
3
22
12
27
28
4
28
12
54
20
2
12
L15. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
25
53
21
2
34
40
25
--
40
46
14
--
L16. , -, ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
26
51
10
12
31
61
-8
41
49
6
4
36
47
6
11
L88. , , 12 ?
1.
2. ,
3. ,
4. ,
5.
6.
8
28
39
9
2
14
18
14
39
-8
20
8
33
40
2
3
14
10
34
36
7
1
12
7
26
43
11
1
12
5
15
42
10
4
24
1
18
42
15
6
18
6
21
40
11
1
20
10
31
39
8
1
11
11
36
36
7
0
11
24
21
25
--29
16
44
5
35
25
49
3
23
31
46
3
20
24
64
-12
L88a. , ?
1.
2. ,
3.
4.
22
47
4
27
35
22
15
28
29
48
5
18
24
50
2
23
22
47
4
27
12
41
9
39
9
43
10
37
42. (, , , , ), , ,
, ?
1.
2. ,
3.
4.
35
44
14
8
45
17
28
9
62
26
7
4
41
44
9
6
30
47
16
7
17
43
23
17
16
37
33
14
27
40
21
12
36
49
9
6
53
35
7
5
74
26
---
71
25
1
3
80
12
3
5
77
13
1
8
67
18
6
9
68
12
8
12
77
11
2
10
79
15
2
4
77
16
3
5
94
6
---
44
39
13
5
39
40
10
10
34
42
11
12
27
46
17
10
22
35
23
21
32
40
13
15
39
45
10
7
41
38
12
10
54
34
12
--
39
46
5
11
39
32
8
21
31
37
9
23
22
37
16
25
18
26
24
32
30
33
8
28
36
39
8
18
41
30
10
19
59
32
9
--
57
29
6
8
51
33
8
8
39
36
14
11
37
26
21
16
47
31
10
12
56
34
5
5
57
27
7
9
61
31
9
--
35
34
19
11
38
38
15
9
41
31
14
13
40
18
17
25
22A. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
77
14
3
7
67
16
8
9
22B. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
36
42
12
11
31
29
31
9
22O. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
34
35
10
22
32
25
29
15
22C. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
52
32
8
9
42
36
13
9
57
28
10
4
22D. , , (, ) ?
103
1.
2.
3.
4.
37
36
17
11
32
32
23
12
39
42
11
8
40
34
16
10
37
36
16
11
29
38
21
12
33
35
21
12
2003
104
179
479
1058
115
172
230
573
844
342
22E. , , (, ) ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
31
36
26
7
24
38
25
12
40
37
18
5
34
35
24
7
30
37
25
8
23
37
33
7
22
31
37
10
27
32
31
10
31
41
23
6
43
31
19
7
37
6
44
13
19
38
22
21
18
44
22
17
14
42
25
19
12
41
27
20
13
36
29
22
16
37
25
23
16
46
23
15
17
44
25
14
6
47
9
38
26
33
19
22
33
41
10
15
27
38
17
18
26
37
17
20
21
36
23
21
21
31
26
22
24
35
17
25
28
39
17
16
27
39
17
17
24
57
19
--
50
21
16
13
42
47
7
5
49
29
10
12
45
30
11
13
45
28
12
15
41
31
11
18
50
26
7
17
47
31
12
10
45
32
14
9
56
44
---
47
44
4
5
46
29
9
16
41
29
9
21
34
28
15
23
18
29
18
35
43
26
7
24
46
31
10
14
45
32
9
14
52
48
---
25
59
12
4
26
41
27
6
17
44
28
11
17
39
35
9
13
27
47
13
21
43
25
11
22
45
27
6
23
44
26
6
25
44
18
13
22L. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
16
42
24
18
17
22
30
31
22P. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
26
37
18
19
22F. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
9.
47
30
11
13
22G. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
9.
43
30
10
18
47
35
-19
22H. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
9.
21
43
28
8
17
59
15
9
22N. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
9.
24
41
20
14
14
48
20
18
30
33
14
22
29
42
18
11
21
43
20
16
15
37
31
18
14
31
36
19
24
39
19
18
27
44
18
11
20
43
21
16
18
50
10
22
27
26
25
21
20
28
29
24
14
28
31
28
11
19
31
39
12
18
33
36
14
23
27
35
19
30
29
21
18
25
30
27
29
8
24
40
53
24
7
16
42
26
12
21
41
21
11
27
50
19
10
21
49
19
9
23
47
28
8
17
40
25
16
19
63
24
-13
35
44
13
8
28
45
18
9
22
47
19
12
27
37
22
13
28
45
16
11
33
46
13
7
31
44
18
7
47
40
-13
22I. , , ?
1.
2.
3.
9.
17
26
29
27
6
30
25
40
22J. , , , ?
1.
2.
3.
9.
47
24
9
19
28
33
18
21
38
27
18
16
22K. , , , , ?
1.
2.
3.
9.
31
45
15
9
26
30
20
24
41
42
13
4
23. , / , ?
1.
2.
3. ,
18
68
13
11
68
21
25
66
9
19
68
12
14
72
14
23
60
17
24
62
15
19
67
15
16
71
13
23
64
12
40
38
21
29
59
12
20
67
13
15
71
14
15
78
7
20
59
21
24. , ?
1. ,
2. ,
3.
18
70
12
28
57
15
22
65
13
17
71
12
17
72
11
19
65
16
25. , , / (, , ) ?
1.
2.
3. ,
13
74
13
21
65
14
22
63
15
14
74
12
9
79
12
16
64
21
23
67
10
14
71
15
9
76
14
17
72
11
19
59
21
105
106
III. , ( 2008 .)
. ,
( % )
1600
29
3049
50

725
875
403
576
621
330
933
338
2. , , 10 ; , ;
, ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
64
14
16
6
65
16
15
4
63
13
17
7
73
19
3
5
66
16
12
6
56
10
27
7
70
16
10
4
66
14
14
6
52
14
26
7
12
28
33
23
5
15
27
32
21
5
10
28
33
25
4
20
38
26
11
4
12
26
34
23
5
7
21
36
31
5
14
32
30
19
5
13
27
33
24
4
8
25
34
25
7
40
43
9
3
5
44
40
9
2
4
37
46
9
3
6
47
41
8
1
4
36
48
9
2
5
40
40
9
5
6
40
42
12
2
4
40
44
8
2
6
41
44
7
4
5
22
40
23
6
9
24
37
24
5
9
20
42
21
7
9
27
43
19
5
5
22
40
22
5
11
19
38
25
9
9
21
43
22
7
7
22
40
23
6
9
25
37
22
7
9
5
31
47
14
4
9
41
39
8
3
5
33
48
13
2
5
23
49
19
4
8
35
43
13
1
6
32
47
12
3
3
24
47
19
6
3. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4A. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4B. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5A. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6
31
46
14
3
7
31
46
14
2
5B. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6
28
42
16
9
6
28
43
16
7
5
27
41
16
10
9
33
39
10
9
4
28
46
15
7
4
24
40
22
10
7
32
39
16
6
6
27
42
16
8
3
25
44
17
12
3
14
44
36
3
1
10
32
52
6
4
17
41
37
1
3
16
41
37
4
2
12
31
46
9
5. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3
15
39
39
5
3
16
40
37
5
2
15
38
40
5
5
25
42
22
5
6A. ; ,
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
55
9
33
4
53
12
31
4
56
7
34
3
58
8
31
3
54
10
32
4
53
9
35
4
57
11
28
4
55
8
33
4
51
10
36
3
6B. , ;
, ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
58
7
29
5
57
9
29
5
60
6
29
6
63
6
27
4
58
9
28
6
56
7
31
6
64
8
20
8
59
6
30
5
50
11
35
5
7. , : ; ; ;
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7
30
41
10
2
10
7
29
41
12
3
8
7
30
40
8
2
13
9
31
42
8
1
9
7
30
43
8
3
8
5
28
37
13
3
13
7
32
42
9
2
7
8
29
42
9
2
10
5
30
35
14
3
14
8. , . ,
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
19
42
24
3
12
21
41
25
4
9
17
43
23
3
14
17
40
28
5
10
22
46
21
3
8
17
40
23
3
17
21
50
23
2
4
19
43
23
4
12
18
30
27
3
21
9. , , , , ,
.., , -, ?
107
1.
2.
3.
4.
13
52
27
9
14
47
31
8
11
56
24
9
15
55
20
10
13
52
27
7
11
49
31
9
13
59
22
5
13
50
29
9
11
50
27
12
108
1600
29
3049
50

722
878
404
581
615
336
924
340
10A. , , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
12
53
25
9
14
50
28
8
11
55
23
10
13. - , , ...
1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
41
47
5
2
5
39
48
5
2
5
43
46
4
1
5
18
57
17
9
11
55
26
8
10
49
30
11
13
53
26
9
13
55
25
8
11
48
27
14
36
52
7
1
4
43
47
4
1
5
44
43
4
3
6
43
50
3
1
3
42
45
5
2
6
38
48
6
2
6
( % )

1600
147
880
421
153
405
678
271
117
341
311
435
396
2. , , 10 ; , ;
, ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
64
14
16
6
74
19
4
2
70
13
12
5
48
15
30
7
63
14
11
12
54
14
22
9
65
14
17
4
74
14
8
4
76
12
5
7
68
12
16
3
61
15
16
8
64
16
15
5
59
14
20
7
3. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
12
28
33
23
5
37
35
21
4
4
13
33
30
20
4
3
18
40
36
4
9
18
38
26
9
11
18
35
32
4
9
29
35
22
5
21
33
27
14
5
18
35
29
11
7
13
27
35
22
3
13
26
33
23
5
9
27
34
27
3
14
28
30
23
6
40
43
9
3
5
63
28
4
1
4
41
47
6
2
3
27
44
16
5
8
50
32
6
3
9
48
35
9
3
5
37
46
9
2
7
41
44
8
3
4
35
53
5
1
6
30
47
10
3
9
44
38
12
3
4
37
46
9
3
5
52
37
6
1
3
22
40
23
6
9
45
38
10
3
4
23
46
19
5
7
13
29
36
10
12
19
38
16
11
16
28
33
22
7
10
19
42
24
6
10
24
40
22
7
6
16
56
16
4
7
17
39
24
9
12
27
35
24
6
8
17
47
25
5
6
30
34
20
7
10
3
33
45
12
8
4
21
48
22
4
5
31
50
10
3
10
35
40
15
0
11
38
45
6
--
5
34
43
15
2
6
28
47
16
3
4
28
51
14
3
7
31
44
14
4
4A. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4B. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5
5A. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
6
31
46
14
3
22
42
33
2
1
6
35
47
10
3
2
19
50
27
3
109
110
1600
147
880
421
153
405
678
271
117
341
311
435
396
5
20
42
22
10
6
29
42
14
9
6
33
43
14
5
8
39
36
9
7
4
28
44
17
8
5
25
43
17
10
4
28
43
17
7
8
26
41
16
10
6
22
40
32
1
11
22
42
22
3
1
17
42
37
3
3
14
34
45
3
3
12
42
40
3
2
16
35
38
9
5B. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6
28
42
16
9
24
40
26
6
5
5
33
41
12
8
2
14
48
29
6
2
19
45
13
21
5. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3
15
39
39
5
9
28
42
19
2
3
18
40
33
5
1
7
38
52
1
1
9
29
52
10
1
12
31
50
7
3
14
41
37
5
6A. ; ,
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
55
9
33
4
70
7
22
1
61
8
27
3
38
11
45
6
47
8
41
4
51
10
37
2
55
8
33
3
58
8
29
4
70
8
13
9
56
11
31
3
50
9
38
2
53
9
32
5
54
7
36
3
6B. , ;
, ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
58
7
29
5
75
7
18
1
65
7
24
5
41
10
41
8
53
5
34
8
56
8
32
4
58
6
30
6
65
8
23
4
69
6
14
12
60
11
23
5
52
6
36
5
57
5
31
7
60
8
30
3
7. , : ; ; ;
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7
30
41
10
2
10
14
37
36
5
2
6
7
33
41
9
1
10
5
24
44
14
5
8
8
20
33
13
2
25
7
29
39
11
2
12
6
29
42
11
2
10
8
32
42
8
1
9
11
35
41
5
-8
6
30
40
12
4
8
9
28
38
10
2
13
4
29
41
10
4
13
9
30
43
9
1
8
8. , . - ,
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
19
42
24
3
12
17
34
32
10
8
16
41
27
4
12
27
49
14
1
9
19
37
21
0
23
19
40
24
3
13
18
41
24
4
13
23
43
23
3
7
12
53
17
4
15
22
46
21
2
9
23
38
23
3
12
16
45
24
2
13
19
35
27
5
13
9. , , , , ,
.., , -, ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
13
52
27
9
40
46
8
7
13
58
20
8
4
43
46
7
8
44
31
17
12
42
37
9
11
56
24
9
21
53
18
8
30
51
11
8
11
55
27
8
11
52
29
8
9
53
29
9
14
49
27
10
10A. , , , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
12
53
25
9
70
25
1
4
9
75
9
7
1
24
72
4
7
36
13
44
10
51
28
11
12
53
26
9
16
61
17
6
12
65
15
9
16
47
30
6
10
52
26
12
10
56
25
8
13
51
24
11
39
49
4
2
5
38
49
4
4
4
32
57
6
2
3
49
39
5
2
5
40
47
5
2
7
40
48
4
2
6
40
51
5
1
3
13. - , , ...
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
41
47
5
2
5
25
55
8
5
7
37
52
5
1
5
57
36
3
1
3
42
39
2
3
14
47
44
3
0
6
111
112
. -
( % )
1600
32
69
265
140
420
82
412
85
62
2. , , 10 ; , ;
, ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
64
14
16
6
79
4
7
10
3. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4A. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4B. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
68
14
8
10
70
15
11
5
65
21
9
5
64
17
15
5
73
19
4
4
54
7
31
8
76
10
6
8
61
23
15
2
12
28
33
23
5
16
45
32
4
3
20
31
29
18
2
13
30
36
18
3
16
26
29
25
4
11
27
34
26
3
24
48
13
6
8
6
20
34
33
7
16
30
32
15
7
16
26
41
14
3
40
43
9
3
5
26
67
4
2
--
46
37
10
3
4
37
44
9
3
7
32
45
13
2
9
42
41
8
2
6
51
47
1
1
1
41
42
8
4
4
47
41
7
1
4
36
45
17
-2
22
40
23
6
9
21
42
25
2
9
31
40
16
3
11
17
46
24
4
8
20
43
22
5
11
22
36
25
7
10
30
53
14
1
1
21
36
25
9
9
30
44
14
8
3
27
37
18
9
9
6
34
49
11
1
6
37
41
14
1
5
27
51
13
4
9
47
34
4
6
4
20
49
23
4
8
39
41
9
3
6
32
49
11
2
5
32
43
14
7
5
24
45
16
9
8
37
34
7
13
4
21
41
23
11
9
42
23
14
13
2
29
58
10
1
5A. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
6
31
46
14
3
9
52
30
9
--
12
43
36
7
3
5B. ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6
28
42
16
9
10
46
35
9
--
10
31
39
18
3
6
30
44
15
6
5. , ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3
15
39
39
5
3
32
45
18
3
5
16
52
24
2
3
16
45
36
1
5
21
38
33
3
1
15
38
40
6
5
27
50
13
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7
22
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5
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4
6A. ; ,
?
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4.
55
9
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64
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19
--
52
16
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5
56
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35
5
54
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28
5
51
10
35
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63
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31
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56
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33
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62
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32
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50
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32
5
6B. , ;
, ?
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2.
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4.
58
7
29
5
64
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59
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59
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29
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63
11
21
5
53
9
32
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72
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7. , : ; ; ;
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7
30
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4
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47
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10A. , , , ?
113
1.
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53
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17
34
39
11
12
69
15
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52
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19
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54
27
7
21
59
9
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51
29
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18
50
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10
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30
6
114
1600
32
69
265
140
420
82
412
85
62
36
49
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0
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42
44
6
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41
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.
( % )
1600
56
820
497
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776
246
2. , , 10 ; , ;
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4.
64
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74
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3
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5
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72
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6
9
49
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37
---
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6
6
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---
4A. , ?
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4B. ?
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115
1.
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1600
116
56
820
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139
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246
5B. ?
1.
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6
28
42
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5
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53
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9
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67
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8
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11
5
51
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13
52
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15
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--21
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1.
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9.
41
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2
5
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----
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1
4
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1
4
46
39
2
4
10
117
SUMMARY
Aged People: New Possibilities or One More

Limitation? (by Marina Krasilnikova). The author
estimates social consequences of the so called demographic transition or the problem of population ageing in the modern world: to what extent is
contemporary society ready for effective utilization
of the emerged economical, consumer, and cultural
resources of aged and elderly citizens. The process
of ageing in Russia differs considerably from that in
the developed countries. It is taking place against
the background of high mortality rate and population diminution, as well as significant gap between
the sexes in the rate of life expectancy (in favor of
women), the weakness of retirement welfare system,
poverty in Russia expressed not only in economical
or financial terms but in primitivism of notions of
employers and the authorities on the whole about
individuals, their needs, abilities and possibilities.
Such notions correspond to earlier stages of socioeconomic development and do not meet the requirements of the present day that have become a
norm in the majority of the industrially developed
countries. This also concerns all aspects of social,
economical and political life in Russia, and requires
the attention to be paid to it, and reformulating the
objectives of social policy and society, the aims and
purposes of executive power, as well as reforming the
systems of social welfare and healthcare. Without
these steps the strategy of long term development of
the country, transition to innovational way remain
highly problematic, if at all real.
Youth in Russia: The Portrait of a Generation
in Transition (by Denis Dafflon).The article based
on the nation-wide survey carried out by the Swiss
Academy for Development (SAD) in cooperation
with the Moscow School of Social and Economic
Sciences (MSSES) and the Levada-Center (2006
personal face-to-face interviews with young Russians, 1529 years of age, conducted in November 2006). The main research results are following.
There is a generation gap between young Russians
and the generation of their parents. 51% of young
Russians acknowledge that their standard of living
118
is higher in comparison with that of their parents at

the same age. 36% of respondents claim that their
parents lives failed. The young are aware that their
standard of living has improved in the last few years
and are confident that it will evolve to the better in
the near future; they have great hopes and are wiling to work hard to become successful. However,
despite the economic boom, perspectives for many
young Russians remain bleak. There is a widespread
feeling of insecurity among them, which concerns
both the economic and the social spheres. Feeling
of depression is common for more than one third of
young Russians. Many young Russians claim that
they are ready to go abroad to find work: 59% of
them would consider migration as an option, should
the opportunity arise. A high proportion (51%)
of young Russians are also willing to go abroad to
study. A majority of young Russians have no trust in
public institutions and in society at large. Only 24%
of young Russians claim to be interested in politics.
The survey highlights indeed alarming trends of intolerance among Russian youth, the most alarming
one concerns young Russians stance towards members of national minorities and illegal immigrants.
Virtual War and its Real Consequences (by Boris Dubin). In his article Boris Dubin analyses the
data of the surveys carried out by Levada Center, as
well as by sociological agencies of Ukraine and Belarus on the attitudes of respondents to the events,
sense and outcome of the Caucasian war campaign
in August 2008. The author observes the dynamics
of mass evaluations of the conflict between South
Ossetia, Abkhazia and Georgia, the role of Russia
since 2004 and comes to the conclusion that the
overwhelming majority of population accepted the
official version of recent military actions to which
governmentally controlled mass media attached the
resemblance to the beginning of the Great Patriotic
war and at the same time to the global opposition
between Russia and the USA. Reanimation of old
propaganda stereotypes of danger and enemy,
lack of alternative points of view in mass media on
what is going on (in contrast to Internet), and the
5 (97) 2008
influence of the first figures of Russian authorities

have played their role in this process and its success.
Consolidation of masses thus achieved (it is not supported on the whole by no more than 20-30% of the
adult respondents) has led to grave deterioration in
the eyes of Russians (with the exception of some
part of the very young respondents) of the image of
the West (the USA and EU), Ukraine and Georgia,
to isolation of Russia in world public opinion.
Who and Where Works with Pleasure (by Galina
Monusova). The article aims at analyzing crossnational differences in the subjective evaluations of
labour, primarily in evaluations of labour satisfaction, and at understanding the relationships between
cross-national and individual characteristics which
shape the attitudes to labour. The article is based on
the data of the third wave of European Social Study
that had been carried out in 2006. The total sample
for 19 countries consisted of 20890 respondents including 1300 employed persons in Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that despite the existence of unique national impacts their significance
is notably less than it seems at first glance. Mean
values of labour satisfaction in various countries
reflect not so much specific national effects as the
differences in the structure of economics, range of
occupations, education, and characteristics of particular job places.
The Project NameRussia as a New Textbook
on History (by Lubov Borusyak). This article dwells
on the mentioned TV project which has been going
on for several months on the state channel Russia.
The project involving the multi-steps choice of the
main names in the Russian history was launched
in Spring 2008 and will have been completed by
New Year holiday when one winner will be chosen
out of original 500 names and his/her name will
become a symbol of the country. At the first stage
a list of 500 names was published in the Internet,
by summer on the basis of results of Internet voting 50 names were chosen (Peter I headed the list),
by October 12 names were left (Stalin was the first)
and these figures are discussed now in TV shows by
the stars of politics, science, culture. By the final
stage the list had been corrected by the organizers,
and now Alexander Nevskyi, a military leader and a
saint, is at the head of it. The author compares the
results of TV voting which is not statistically repre-
sentative and the findings of representative surveys

of adult Russian population carried out in 2008 by
Levada Center and Foundation Public Opinion
independently of each other. L.Borusyak comes to
the conclusion that the project was turned out of
the original Internet game for young people into a
regular TV show, an occasion for political figures,
the Power party and the Communist Party of the
Russian Federation, for science and culture to speak
publicly about Russian history, the fates of Russia,
patriotism and national character. The question under discussion now is the developing of the Power
ideology and creating the right, common for everybody text book on the history of Russia.
The Boundaries and Problems of Sociology of
Culture in Modern Russia: Towards the Possibility of
Description (by Boris Dubin). The article outlines
a typological construction for sociological analysis
of the contemporary condition of culture in Russia. The late-Soviet and post-Soviet man is characterized in general as adjusting to the existing social
situation, confining to the narrow circle of ones
own, mistrusting the majority of social institutions
and forms of collective life beyond the family and
friends community, and spending the main part of
leisure time on watching TV (society of spectators). The author analyzes the content of semantic
patterns which are transmitted by various institutions and channels of communication, from mass
media to interpersonal ones (the main issues and
value conflicts being war, faith, the basis for selfidentification, relationships with social others).
Functional types of audience, levels of perception
and acceptance of these patterns (masses, layer, and
circle) are described. The conclusion is made about
gradually developing de-institutionalization of social life in modern Russia, fragmentation and isolation of different levels and zones of society, forms of
creation and transmission of culture.
Chronicle of Scientific Life: III All-Russia Sociological Congress. The theses of papers and reports of
the leading specialists of Levada Center at the Congress are published. They were presented at the Session Russian society in the looking glass of public
opinion, at the Section Sociology of Culture and
at the Round table The findings of studying the
elite problems in the Russian society.
5 (97) 2008
119

2009 ( 2 )
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. .

The Russian Public Opinion Herald

Who and Where Works with Pleasure (by Galina MONUSOVA)

The Project NameRussia as a New Textbook on History

The Boundaries and Problems of Sociology of Culture in Modern

Virtual War and its Real Consequences (by Boris DUBIN)

CHRONICLE OF SCIENTIFIC LIFE

Autors of the issue

INFORMATION: SURVEYS FINDINGS

8. (), 2008 . = 100%

2002 . 2007 . 2002 . 2007 .

Omelchenko Y. Russian Youth Scenes at the Turn of the 21st Century, or

. // . 2008. 8 ., . : Johnsons Russia List,

2006 2008 2008

http://www. hdrstats.undp.org. Human Development Report, 2007/2008.

, .: Morley D., Robins K. Spaces of Identity: Global Media, Electroni

., : Aug M. Pour une anthropologie des mondes

Aged People: New Possibilities or One More

is higher in comparison with that of their parents at

influence of the first figures of Russian authorities

sentative and the findings of representative surveys

You may subscribe beginning from any issue:

Beneficiary: Levada-Center, RUSSIA, Credit-Moscow

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