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ScienceandTechnology(S&T)

Drivers

•GeographicdiffusionofS&T.ThelongUSdominanceofawiderangeoffieldsinscienceandnologywilldiminishastheglobalscientificpIeldbecomesflatterandmorediverse.•Largeinvestmentinbroaddevelopedandemergingnglobaleconomiccompeti•Proliferationofdefenduetosecurity-relatedfeloops.•Proliferationof.alinnovationsfeedbackloops.Icontinuetoprovidesbetweenbrainandmindprocessesthatcanbeusedtoprovideotherbesidesovertbehaviourandchologyexperiments.Giventhe.cetohumankind,thisdomainoflopment(R&D)islikelytooffersomeoundchanges.

•

•exponentialgrowthandaccelerationoftingfromapositivefeedbackloopwherebythetoolsfromapreviousroundofinnovationareusedtomakestillbettertoolsforthenext.•Agingpopulations(andheightenedhealthawareness)willdrivegreaterresearchintotechnologiesdesignedspecificallyfortheelderly(includingpersonalizedmedicine)whichwillcreateanotherpositivefeedback

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loopasthesetechnologiesextendlifeexpectancyevenfurther.•Convergenceofscientificknowledgeandunderstandingofphenomenonatthenano-scale(e.g.,theconfluenceofIT,biomedicalandmaterialsscience)isfacilitatinginterdisciplinaryR&D,whichisprovidingrapidadvancesinpracticallyallS&Tdomains.•Internet"Web2.0"developmentpeople,ratherthanjustinformglobalsocialnetworks-oftenobjectives(opencollaboratiWikipedia,beingaprime•Anincreasinglyprofougenome(intraaswellmanipulateitforecifictyto

•

unicationsorsthatconsumeproliferation-i.

e.,

•

globalnetworkanditsmesofinformationwilldthereforeprogress)inintelligencesystems.

rergen

ce+-preas,

television,Internet,sanextraordinarypropagandareachsmanipulationofpublicopinion.•eincreasesine-crimeandcyberattackscoupledwiththepersonalandeconomicimperativestoprotectdataprivacyandintellectualpropertyisdrivingagrowingdemandtobolstercybersecuritythroughbiometrics,cryptographyandothertechnologies.•Reductioninglobalreservesoffossilfuels(coupledwiththeclimateimpactcausedbytheburningoffossilfuels)willgeneratesignificantdemandforR&Dintonew

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alternativeenergytechnologies-socalled"green"or"clean"technologies.•Aconcernoverlabourshortages(resultingfromshiftingdemographics)isgeneratingsignificantinvestmentinroboticsandautomation.•Roboticsandautomationwillchangethenatureofwork,particularlyindevelopednations.•Theverysamedevelopmentsinteculture,andcommunicationsthrapidpaceofglobalization,"non-state"actorstoassumpotentiallymoredewaspossibleforthem•Increaseinsocietalafflucoupledwiththedrivingaren.areassuchasothers.,economlCS,ablingthe.so-called

thansuretimecedequipmentisteurscienceinlogyamong

•

andtechnologyhaslededscientificprogressisnotTheneedtoestablish~.l.l.L.l.lcA.lks,ndtopromotedardstoguidescientificologicaldevelopment,isbecoming•tion,technologicalcomplexity,interdependence,terrorism,climateandenergyvolatility,andpandemicpotentialareincreasingthelevelofriskthatsocietiesandorganizationsnowface.Risksalsoareincreasinglyinterrelated;disruptionsinoneareacancascadeinmultipledirections.