Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited

A SUMMER TRAINING REPORT UNDERTAKEN AT
KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED
Executive Summary
The Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited is a Medium scale organization. Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited is produced the diamond machinery like auto bruiting machines; Table master, Roundist machines etc. As per the different study and different document, we can say that the company is running very successfully. The companys general manager is good organizer for all the system of the company. Now a days the companys profit is good, which is a big parameter of the company that it is successfully running. In the training report,
In marketing Department, I am written about various products and its features. There is a huge competition in market. But the 4ps of marketing is very much good compare to the competitors. This company is widely spread in India as well as foreign also. Pricing policy is supports a products positioning and be consistent with the other variables in the marketing mix. Kohinoor also pays the all taxes regularly.
In finance department the activity of finance management is concerned mainly with such matter as, how Business Corporation raises its finance & how it makes use of it. On the basis of the various ratio of this company we can say that financial position of this company is good & sound. They are follows all the laws of company and also managed the inventory, cash, receivable in best way.
In human resource department, the method of recruitment, selection, training, development, and performance appraisal is brilliant so everyone is satisfy with their duty & responsibility. There is no conflict between
KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED 2
employees. Everyone is get wages according to their work. And also get incentives for their extra work.
In production Department, production plan is prepared from the customer order for the product of the company. The Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited use first in first out method for inventory control. The Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited also controls its inventory as per ABC analysis. Plant layout of company is decides in that way that production process is become easier.
At last I am written about the strength, weakness, and also give some recommendation which I found in my training period. And give conclusion about this entire report.
As per my Report I can say that all the managerial functions marketing, production, finance and human resource are very good in the company. The entire departments heads are very sincerely and hard working persons. They always try to grow the company.
INDEX
No.
1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4 5 6
Particulars
Industry profile Company profile: Introduction Vision, mission, value History & growth Awards & achievements Practical part (company): Production management Marketing management Financial management Human resources mgt. Recommendation Conclusion Bibliography
Page no.
2 5 12 13 14 14 16 41 63 74 95 95 96
INDUSTRY PROFILE
Nature of business: manufacturing Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to make things for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Such finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex products, such as household appliances or automobiles, or sold to wholesalers, who in turn sell them to retailers, who then sell them to end users - the "consumers".
Manufacturing takes turns under all types of economic systems. In a free market economy, manufacturing is usually directed toward the mass production of products for sale to consumers at a profit. In a collectivist economy, manufacturing is more frequently directed by the state to supply a centrally planned economy. In free market economies, manufacturing occurs under some degree of government regulation.
The manufacturing sector is closely connected with engineering and industrial design. Examples of major manufacturers in the North America include General Motors Corporation, General Electric, and Pfizer. Examples in Europe include Volkswagen Group, Siemens, and Michelin. Examples in Asia include Toyota, Samsung, and Bridgestone. Manufacturing industry refers to those industries which involve in the manufacturing and processing of items and indulge in either creation of new commodities or in value addition. The manufacturing industry accounts for a significant share of the industrial sector in developed countries. The final products can either serves as a finished good for sale to customers or as intermediate goods used in the production process.
Evolution of the Manufacturing Industry:

Manufacturing industries came into being with the occurrence of technological and socio-economic transformations in the Western countries in the 18th-19th century. This was widely known as industrial revolution. It began in Britain and replaced the labor intensive textile production with mechanization and use of fuels.
Working Of Manufacturing Industry:

Manufacturing industries are the chief wealth producing sectors of an economy. These industries use various technologies and methods widely known as manufacturing process management. Manufacturing industries are broadly categorized into engineering industries, construction industries, electronics industries, chemical industries, energy industries, textile industries, food and beverage industries, metalworking industries, plastic industries, transport and telecommunication industries.
Manufacturing industries are important for an economy as they employ a huge share of the labor force and produce materials required by sectors of strategic importance such as national infrastructure and defense. However,
not all manufacturing industries are beneficial to the nation as some of them generate negative externalities with huge social costs.
Industrial Growth Detail
India's manufacturing sector grew at an average annual rate of 6 per cent per year in the fourteen years between 1990-91 and 2003-04, which was higher than the 5.8 per cent growth achieved by overall industry and the 5.7 per cent GDP growth during the same period. The sector recorded a growth of 11.4 per cent in 2005, while the overall industrial sector also recorded a double-digit GDP growth of 10.3 per cent. Further, Indian manufactured products are now gaining acceptance in world markets. India already exports about US$ 50 billion a year in manufactured goods and this is increasing at the rate of 20 per cent a year.
A study by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and McKinsey & Co. on manufacturing sector in India estimates that Indian manufacturing export has the potential to touch US$ 300 billion by 2015, growing at an annual rate of 17 per cent as against the historic growth of 11 per cent. Of this, nearly US$ 70 billion to US$ 90 billion could be captured from just four sectors apparel, auto components, specialty chemicals and electrical and electronic products.
Indias expertise in skill-intensive manufacturing sectors such as auto components, pharmaceuticals and textiles gives it an edge over other lowwage producers.
COMPANY PROFILE
Introduction
World is moving at a pace faster than you can imagine. Even before you have imagined, somebody would have already. And even before you fully enjoy the end result, it will become outdated. Technology drives the world and your heart is driven by the desire to own it.
Name of Company: Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited Nature of business: manufacturing
What is produced? The company provides variety of software products for diamond machineries to esteemed clientele. At KOHINOOR, technology meets humanity and forms this beautiful relationship called trust. Over the years, they are pioneered a revolution that has developed exiting products to fulfill your dreams. They are not only creating new products to suit your Diamond Manufacturing factory but upgrade them from time to time to keep pace with it. From wide range of diamond machineries like auto-blocking. Auto-bruiting, table master, dia-marker, laser sawing/bruiting, roundest, double spindle and now they are introducing complete polishing machine, by these they touch your diamond in different ways. Moreover, KOHINOOR cares for you and your environment. They are believed in sustainable growth without harming our ecology. Therefore, they are manufacturing our products with in-built vacuum system, which protects the operator and machine from hazardous dust.
Kohinoor Techno Engineers Head Office Address:
Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited

(Previously Known as Asian Independent Network Limited) Kohinoor House, Plot No.1, Gajera Industrial Estate Opp.I.C.Gandhi Mill, A.K Road, Surat- Gujarat Phone: 0261-2542786 Fax: 0261-2563650 Email: ainl_surat@yahoo.in
Auditors
BHARAT & Co. Chartered Accountants
Mr. BHARAT H. GANDHI C.A, B.Com, LL.B., ACA 503, Ranjit Chambers, Near Nanpura Police Chowky, Timiliyawad, Nanpura Surat 395 001 Gujarat, India Phone: 98792 40828 Email: bharatnco@gmail.com Surat.
Kohinoor Techno Engineers Financial Details:

No of Employees 51-200 Turnover in Crs 0-10 Crs Sector- Public Sector
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All machines are manufactured by highly skilled engineers under ISO-9001 2000 quality management systems. In order to ensure each machine to be qualified and meet up to customer's expectation, latest technology and strictly control are introduced into each production process of machines like material selection, heat treatment, grinding, super finishing assembly, coating, grease filling, electrical/electronic parameter testing, redelivery inspection.
Board Of Directors
Mr. Kirit Surajram Bhatt Directors Mr. Sanjiv Kiritbhai Bhatt -Directors Mr. Rajiv Kiritbhai Bhatt -Directors Mr. Aswad Mohamedamin Pothiawala -Directors Mr. bhavin prakash Chandra shastri-independent & non executive director Mr. Mishra rabindra maheshwar- independent & non executive director
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Ownership Pattern
The company provides variety of software products for diamond machineries to our esteemed clientele. Now taking a step forward to expand the business in the area of producing various diamond machineries. Firstly we are moving for the following product portfolio of the diamond machineries:

Auto polishing machine Barrel bruiting machines Laser machines Sawing /bruiting/coning Polished diamond analyser Rough dia scanner Kohinoor dia maker Manual polishing mill Fancy bruiting system Coning machines Single spidle
Future plan of Kohinoor

The group has dedicated design & R&D centre which is recognized by department of sciences & technology govt. of India. this facility is equipped
with most modern instrument, manned by highly qualified engineers from various disciplines developing products & solution to meet the need of markets & provides value added services to our customers. Hence the next step of the company will be to include following variety of products in the portfolio of the company products: -Diamond scope -Luster view -E scope -Diamond counting system -Auto sawing pad -Polishing sensor
Company products:
EQS Bruiting Machine Auto bruiting machine
Auto blocking machine
Roundist machine
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Digital Maxicut machine
Auto Bruting Machine ZX 9100
Diamond Cutting Tools & Machines
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Vision, Mission & Values
Vision:
To provide latest technology & to be premier manufacturing company and to acquire, provide and nurture the best to industry as well as establish brand image in international market to achieve maximum customer satisfaction.
Mission:
Partnering with our customers in their relentless quest for growth in productivity and profitability, by delivering technology solutions that achieve measurable business gains. To bring to this endeavor a spirit of continuous renewal reflected in the way we approach our people, process and technology.
We focus on cost effectiveness along with speedy and flawless performance while designing our machines, their output considerably; for almost two decades, Kohinoor has spearheaded R&D-based innovation in diamond industry, creating the ultimate cost-effective systems for every branch of global diamond trade, adding accuracy and speed to your operation. Simple to use, easy to maintain, its machines assure you exactly what you needaccurate, reliable, and fast results. Worldwide, Kohinoor has become
synonymous with reliability, stability and innovation in bruiting, cutting and polishing systems for gemstone production. So if you can't compromise on accuracy, speed and quality, we speak the same language Kohinoor Constantly enhancing its rich experience, Kohinoor invests substantially in R&D, focusing on the research development of new features and capacities that can be effortlessly added to existing Kohinoor systems. Most new features and benefits can be upgraded in the field, on the customer's premises.
Values:We aim to be the leader in manufacturing high quality machinery in the world. We will differentiate ourselves from our competitors through our efforts on quality, technology & support to satisfy customer's needs.
History & Growth

History
Manufacturers of diamond cutting machinery and diamond processing tools that includes automatic roundist machinery, automatic bruiting machinery, double spindle machinery, single spindle machinery, roundist girdle wheel and auto cutting machinery. Fact Sheet Year of Establishment Nature of Business Number of Employees Turnover : 2009
: Manufacturer, Exporter : 51 to 200 People
: Up to US$ 0.25 Million (or up to Rs. 1 Crore Approx.)
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Change name of company:
M/s KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED was incorporated on 27th November 1991 as RADHESHYAM AGRO COLD STORAGE PRIVATE LIMITED as a private limited Company engaged in Cold Storage Activities. On 14th December 1993 the company Changed its constitution to a Limited Company. The name was then changed to RADHESHYAM AGRO INDUSTRIES LIMITED in the same year. On 5th October 1994 the name was again changed to ASIAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK LIMITED and the company was also engaged in E-Business and Software Solutions by this time. Eventually on 19th May 2008 the company closed down its cold storage activities and Shifted its focus to manufacturing of Diamond Machineries and Trading of Cut and Polished Diamonds besides the Software Solutions Services. On 16th October 2009 the company changed its name to KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED.The company was listed in BSE on 30th April, 2001.
Awards & achievements

1. Fun India fast track 2009-2010 (Merit awards for their contribution to adobe business from Mr. Brian mortas) 2. Kohinoor Techno Machines limited got certificate from JCI- Diamond Trade fair-2009 participation
3. Indian diamond institute gives life time membership award.
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Organization Structure of Company:
MD
Director
CEO
Financial manager
Production manager
Marketing manager
Human resource manager
Deputy executive Senior executive
Executive
Executive
Staff
Staff
Staff
Administration office
Time office
Staff
Staff
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PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
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PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT:
Production management refers to the application of principle to the production function in factory or company or firms in other words production management involves application of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling to the production process.
Duties of production management:-

Planning the geographical location of factory Purchasing production equipment Layout of equipment within the factory Designing production process Inventory management Production planning Quality control maintenance
Now see such duties which are the followed by the Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited
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Organization Structure of Production Department
Manager
Mr. Baba Bhai
Blocking department Workers-4
EQS department Workers-7
Connig department Workers-7
R&D department
Software development Nano department Workers-5 Universal 4in1 department Workers-7 Electronic department Workers-10
Electronic department
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Production Planning:
In Kohinoor, normally production plan is prepared from the customer order for the product of the company. Starting point of production planning is store department. Store department supply various products of Kohinoor to the dealer. From the information of store department, production department decides about manufacture various products as per requirement and for this they prepare production plan.
In Kohinoor, production plan document include material, labour capacity, training and also include a backup plan if thing go wrong like material or labour does not match with the requirement. It is done by collaborative effort between different department to effective bring all aspect of the process together.
In Kohinoor, production planning is including planning of material requirement, requirement of manpower, capacity of requirement etc.
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How They Are Making Decision To Produce?

Marketing department demand 50 E Q S Machines (Less) Company has stock of polished diamond is 10 Machines (Add) Targeted closing stock will be 20 (=) Need of production (50 10 + 20 = 60)
Material Requirement Planning:
Material requirement planning is the first of the production planning in any company. In Kohinoor, list of required quality of material is send to warehouse manager who check the quantity of material available in stock &prepare a list of material required to be purchased which is called purchase plan and send this plan to purchase manager. Production manager do next planning of manpower.
Manpower Planning
For achieving successful result of production planning, it is advisable to make manpower planning in advance. In Kohinoor, first they decided how much labour required producing desirable quantity. If there is shortage of manpower, they hire casual or part time labour.
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Capacity Requirement Planning
Capacity requirement planning is a technique to determine what personal and equipment capacities are required to meet production objective. In Kohinoor they make CRP, various operations and assigning to various departments. If capacity is inadequate they adjust it by some addition labour or over time.
Maintain Quality Standard
In Kohinoor, there is separate department called quality assurance department which is check quality of raw material finished product and semi finished articles on company standards. They try to improve quality management system for better customer satisfaction and provide qualitative machines to its customers.
Inventory Control
Since entire material requirement planning is done on the basis of production plan, ultimately inventory level depends on accuracy of production plan. In this industry, they use first in first out method for inventory control.
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Production Process:
Kohinoor Company is use various parts for manufacturing machineries like shaft plate, bearing, computer, motor, electronic panel etc. first they prepare general body of all machines. The process of preparing that parts as are follows:
Body of Machines
Casting machining
Drill & Tapping
Color
Assembly
Shaft Plate
Raw Material
Machining
Harding
Gridding
Coating
Bearing, Computer, Motor

Direct purchase from the market
Electronic Panel
Mother Board
Electronic mounting
Testing
Assembly
If raw material is continues provided so Kohinoor Company is produced 2 machineries in one day. Production is totally depending upon the customer order. How many types of machinery are producing is depend upon how many orders are receive from the customer. Because it is not possible to produce the machineries in advance and kept too much machines in to store Department if they are not receive that level of order so company face the loss.
Material Requirement Planning:
Material requirement planning is a computer based technique that converts master production schedule in to detail schedule for requirement of raw material, components that used in an item.
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In the modern world, enterprise resource planning system is being used extensively and it also takes care of whole organization instead of one unit of organization. Basically material requirement planning consists of computer programmed, which is run periodically such as weekly, monthly or quarterly to incorporate the latest schedule of production requirement.
In Kohinoor, for preparation of material requirement planning three inputs are used which are as follows:
Master Production Schedule
MPS is based on forecast of various items. MRP accepts practically possible master production schedule quantities of various items as quantities of item to be manufactured. It further calculates what the requirement of various raw material and inputs is.
Inventory Status File

All the quantities of various item in MPS is never considered for MRP process it is always considered after deducting present inventory levels of various item and pending purchase order for this purpose, it is necessary to take data from inventory status file of various items.
Bills Of Material
It is database, which specifies relationship between raw material and outputs. This document is necessary to convert production quantities of
finished products into requirements of various raw materials, parts, components and sub assemblies.
Bills of material shows each of the materials, parts or sub assemblies by unique part number, which facilitate processing by in to price and also contents the quality of parts or material require per unit of end product. Bills of material have a series of level each of represents a stage in the manufacture of the end product.
Level 1: Representing final assembly or end product. Level 2: Show parts and sub assemblies when end product is the first desmentated. Level 3: Result of desmentating the sub assemblies of level 1 in form of part and father sub assemblies.
Plant layout
Plant layout refers to the arrangement of machinery, equipment and other industrial facility for achieving quickage and smooth production at least cost
The efficiency of production flow depends largely on how were the employee, facility are located in a plant. Plant lay out is physical arrange of main production department technical utility, offices & location of various machine within different department.
Plant lay out designed is the process of designed plant lay out while new manufacturing facility is been created. Thus plant lay out designed is
strategic function. This activity starts at ten-plant location selected & land is purchased.
Factor Affecting To the Plant Layout:
Location of Company:
Most of the big Diamond Manufacturing companies are near to The Kohinoor Company. This place is the center for selling and export diamond cutting & policing machinery. The company is located in central place of Surat city so it is easy transportation of machinery & also easy to get employees.
How Much To Manufacturing:

The companys decision will affect number of people who will be working in production area, size & technical utilities etc. this will have a direct impact on Layout
Government Rules & Regulation:

There are various rules & regulation of government which concerned with production department, for example the rules related to air & water pollution. Because of this reason, all plant layouts have to provide some space for pollution control equipment & plant. Various rules related to construction of public building also have directly affected on layout of company because of this. Rules we see very high ceiling in government office.
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Manufacturing Technology:
Manufacturing technology is directly affect plant lay out. Each machine has special designed &also different size. This decides how much area is requiring for manufacturing various machines with change in manufacturing technology. As per selection of technology number of people required for manufacturing machines may change
Cost Land:
Kohinoor Techno Engineers ltd is located in urban area so it cost of land is high.
Provision for Material Handling:

In Kohinoor Company within production department, there will be requirement to shift material from one department to another department so the companies plant layout design must accommodate movement of such equipment
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Plant Layout of Kohinoor:
Paint department
Terrace
Wash room
Electronic Department
Nano /blocking Department Electronic Department EQS Department R &D DEPT.
second floor
Conning Department Wash room
Com.programme Dept. Administration dept A/c Department
First floor
Wash room Roundest Dept. Complain dept. Service Dept.
CEO office
Ground floor
MD office
Display room
Lunch room
SECURITY ENTER Store department PARKING
SECURITY
Underground Floor
T.L & motor department
EXIT
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Types and Classification of Material Handling
Material handling means control on movement of material through storage and production and to the movement of the finished production. Material handling is concerned with the internal movement and material within a business unit. Material handling is concerned with internal transportation of material. Such external transportation is covered by logistics.
Material handling covers storage of material from internal transportation of material. Material handling is essential because in every industry, production cannot be done at single location. Different machines, different departments are required.
Kohinoor used only solid raw material. So we can classify the material handling equipment of Kohinoor in following basis.

Crates & boxes Cup board Hand over material Trucks & racks
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Inventory Control System
Inventory control is concerned with minimizing the total cost of inventory. Kohinoor control its inventory as per ABC Analysis. According to this approach, it gives different treatment for various classes of inventory on basis of its monetary which is consumption value of various products.
As per this approach, Kohinoor gives selective treatment like, A class of item is monitored by top management which is frequently reviewed for stock level, price control & reduction in wastage, while B & C class of item are monitored by store senior manager which are not reviewed so frequently.
Kohinoors main objectives of inventory control are:

To maintain investment in inventory at the lowest level. To maximize the efficiency in production. To supply the product to its user as per their requirement at the right time.
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ABC ANALYSIS
Kohinoor control its inventory as per ABC analysis. According to this approach, it gives different treatment for various classes of inventory on the basis of its monetary which is consumption value of various products. It is popularly known as Always Better Control. Kohinoor Company use ABC Analysis for classification of their inventory on basis of its monitory value. This monitory value is consumption value of various products. In Kohinoor company different inventory use in different machines so its analysis is different for various machines.
As per this approach Kohinoor give selective treatment like A class of items are monitored by top management which is frequently reviewed for stock level, price control & reduction in wastage. While B & C of items are monitored by store senior manager which are not reviewed so frequently.
A CLASS
It includes those items which are important and of high value but forms only a small proportion of total quantity of inventory. In Kohinoor, there are 12 items which are comes in class A and they represents as much as 70.10% of inventories. Strict control over receipt, storage and issue should be exercised over these items such as Main shaft big, Die flange M.S., Plunget set, Block C.I., etc.
B CLASS
It Items included in class B are not as important as those in class A, but are important enough for its proper records to be maintained. They constitute 15 items of total number of items, but represent 20.78% of total value of
inventory of Kohinoor. These items are Hand pully C.I., Piston small C.I., Distance pice 25mm, Capling all, etc.
C CLASS
The remaining items must be placed in class C they are not so important form the view point of maintaining control over the receipt and consumption such items constitute 60% of the total number of items but they represent 9.12% of total value.
ABC analysis of Kohinoor
CLASS
A B C
N of items (in % of total Value of items (in % of number of items) total value of inventory) 10 70.10 25 20.78 65 9.12
%
80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% A B CLASS C
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VED ANALYSIS:
Kohinoor also used VED analysis method which generally used in controlling the spare part of inventory which require for maintenance in production process.
V- Vital item E Essential item D - Desirable item
Vital item
Vital item are those entire item without which production will instantly stop. In this industry vital item is Camera Slide Aluminum, Pulnget set, Hand pully C.L. Without it production will instantly stop.
Essential item
For these company essential items like computer, Brass Patti etc. is those items which is necessary to run smooth and speedy production with low cost and time.
Desirable item
The items like oil, grease, etc. are comes under desirable items
Inventory Valuation Method
Materials are issued to the different jobs, works, and orders from the store. The cost of finished product largely depends upon the price changed for raw-materials issued to the jobs. Various methods are used for inventory valuation, which will solute with industry condition. The methods of inventory valuation are as follow:

FIFO method (first in first out) LIFO method (last in first out) HIFO method (highest in first out) Average cost method Market price method Standard cost method Base stock method
Kohinoor used to follow FIFO (First in first out) as inventory valuation method. This inventory method in which the assets produced or acquired first are sold used or disposed of first.
Different Record Kept In Store Department
In Kohinoor Techno-Machines LTD store room is situated on under ground. Row material they record the issue and receipt of material, stock of material, etc. with use of computer. They store the following items in the store room: Spar parts, electronic motor, electronic parts
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Records keep in store:

1. Material receipt register 2. Material issue register
Materials Receipt Procedure
Kohinoor receives its material by pursuing given process: Kohinoor receives its raw material from supplier by using Challan, which is one kind of document sent by supplier. Then after received quantity of material is verified. If it is does not match with the given order. Suppliers are informed by telephone or letter.
Then received material is send to inspection department. Once the inspection is done, rejected quantities are sent to supplier & good quantities are kept in store which is entered in computer.
Material Receipt Register
Date
Name of dealer
Challan no.
Item
Quantity Remark
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Material Issue Procedure
Kohinoor issue its material by pursuing given process:

Material is issued as per requirement of production department. Then quantity of issued material is entered in computer. Finally closing stock of material is verified by making comparison of computer quantity to physical quantity.
Material issue register

Date Name of department material issue form no. Item Quantity Remark
Purchase Procedure
Kohinoor follow given types of purchase procedure:

Purchase process start when warehouse manager need recognizes need for parts to machinery by determine general characteristics & required quantity of item then he informs purchase manager by telephone or making purchase request. After receiving purchase request. Purchase manager gives as order to its regular supplier for required quantity & size of item.
Material Codification System
Kohinoor uses material codification system which can also be termed as identification of materials. This deals with uniquely identification each item in inventory.
It gives a unique number to a particular item in the inventory. For instance 30203 mean a bearing in inventory of a certain shape and of certain dimension of course, each of these number or groups of number conveys some unique information. In each group the relevant details are sequentially numbered.
Workers of Kohinoor gets benefitted in requisitioning items or the operation department in placing of order by the purchase department in receiving and expediting the items on receipt from the supplier in having a unique record of each of the items in stores and work in process or in warehouse.
Kohinoors first step towards a good materials management system is unique identification of materials. Whether they are raw materials, work-inprocess or finished goods without it confusion might prevail in the operational department. Moreover for a good quality control system a unique identification is a pre-requisite. There are many other advantages such as variety reduction & standardization etc.
Maintenance Planning System
Kohinoor follow preventive maintenance system for equipment. Preventive maintenance is a schedule of planned maintenance action aimed at the prevention of breakdown and failures.
The primary goal of preventive maintenance for Kohinoor is to prevent the failure of equipment before it actually occurs. It is designed to preserve and enhance equipment reliability by replacing worn components before they actually fail. Preventive maintenance activities include equipment checks, partial or complete overhauls at specified periods, oil changes, lubrication and so on.
In addition workers can records equipment deterioration so they know to replace or repair worm parts before they cause system failure recent technological advances in tool for even more accurate & effective equipment maintenance the ideal preventive maintenance program would prevent all equipment failure before it occurs.
Preventive maintenance helps Kohinoor to improve it system reliability to save time & money & it improve performance of workers
Quality Control
Quality is measure of characteristic of a product or service which impart it functional or aesthetic value so as to satisfy the needs of and users for a given price paid by them.
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Objective Of Quality Control
Kohinoors main objective is to produce cost effective quality machines. The other objectives are as follow:

To To To To
give qualitative product to customers. reduce wastage. develop quality consciousness. assess the quality.
Quality control guidelines

Kohinoor follow given quality control guideline as per ISO 9000-2000:-
To apply a set of procedures that covers all key processes in business, Monitoring processes to ensure they are effective, To keep adequate records, Checking output for defects with appropriate and corrective action
where necessary,
Regularly reviewing processes and the quality system itself for

effectiveness and Facilitating continual improvement.
Quality Control Policy
We are committed to develop manufacture & supply the diamond processing machineries in time & as per the customers requirement, abiding by the statutory and regulatory rules, we shall to our customer promptly to their satisfaction we shall achieve this performance by increasing skill & competence of employees through implementing and monitoring of quality management system effectively aiming, to continual improvement.
Quality Control Parameters
Kohinoor checks following parameters when machine is in progress:

Center of spindle Travelling at slide Higher matter Timer setting Camera setting
While it checks following parameters, when machine gets completed

LCD display Main blocking PCB Main controller IC Stopper matter Grinding & spindle matter Computer software testing Back light Camera PCB Sensor test
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MARKETING MANAGEMENT
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Market:
Market was physical place where buyers and seller gathered to buy and sell goods. It is a collection of buyers & sellers who transact over a particular product or product class.
Marketing:
Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for crating, communication, and delivering value to customer and for managing customer relationship in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders
Marketing is the process of discovering and translating consumer needs and wants into product and service specifications, creating demand for these products and services and then in turn expanding this demand.
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Detailed Structure of Marketing Management
Marketing Manager Mr. Rajiv Bhatt
Sales executive Mr.Rabindra Mishra
Sales executive Mr.Virendra Mishra
Sales volume
10000000 50000000 0 2009-10
SALES
SALES
2010-11
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Types Of Product
Kohinoor provides following products to their clients:
Auto polishing machine Barrel bruiting machines Laser machines Sawing /bruiting/coning Polished diamond analyzer Rough dia scanner Kohinoor dia maker Manual polishing mill Fancy bruiting system Coning machines Single sidle Consultancy services
Unique Feature of Products

EQS Bruiting Machine
EQS Bruting machine is totally computerized (C N C) & fully automatic machine for bruiting the diamond. Fully automatic machine with mutual combination of mechanical, electronics, computer, chemical & metallurgy profession of engineering which introduce EQ S. European technology, Russian design, but purely Indian with 2 Year warranty.
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Technical Specification
Dimension(LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Consumption Power Supply 600x685x640 mm 105 Kg. min 5 oC -max 33 oC 0.4HP max 230 VAC, 50 Hz
Feature:

Perfect roundness of diamond. Straight girdle. The final diameter of the stone can be obtained with perfect roundness. No risk of beard. No outbreak of facets due to re-cutting. Avoid damage of the stone while processing. Easy to learn and operate.
Table master
Table master is suitable for making Table or Block the rough diamond according to laser marking. Its solid rigid design gives you long lasting performance
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Technical
Specification
Dimension (LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Power Supply
735x735x920 mm 275 kg min 5oC to max 40oC 440VAC/50hz 3 phase 230 VAC/50hz 1 phase
Feature:

Machine is suitable for making Table or Block the rough diamond according to laser marking. Easy to learn & operate. Guarantee a quick return on your investment. Increase scaife life & avoids the damage. Suitable for table blocking for every cut. Reduced production cost as one operator can operate two mills. Its outstanding double System of sensing and micron setting which gives highest accuracy level ever seen before. Its solid rigid design gives you long lasting performance.
Auto Blocking Machine

Auto blocking machine is suitable for blocking on Top/Bottom of 4, 8 or 16 main facets of diamond. Facet sequence selection mode (FSSM), which gives you, accuracy on culet center balancing of diamond, manually micro selection mode for extra blocking on natural, Totally Auto blocking machine is suitable for blocking on Top/Bottom of 4, 8 or 16 main facets of diamond. Facet sequence selection mode (FSSM), which gives you, accuracy on culet center balancing of diamond, manually micro selection mode for extra blocking on natural.
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Feature:

Machine is suitable for blocking on Top/Bottom of 4, 8 or 16 main facets of diamond. Easy to learn and operate, guarantee a quick return on your investment. Increase scaife life & avoids the damage. Its outstanding grain seeking Digital Technology with timing gives highest production & quality as compare to ordinary machines. Its production capability is up to 125 to 175 diamonds approx. 80 carats per day. Reduced cost: One operator can control four mills; even in experienced workers can achieves higher productivity with nearly no training period. Suitable for all types of stones, Full range from 0.10ct to 25ct, machine is designed to take low power consumption standbyuninterrupted power supply (UPS) at the time of power failure. Automatic weight control, according to respective rough & size of the diamond, fully operating identification is displayed on panel, also gives language selection facility ENGLISH-HINDI-GUJARATI.
Auto Bruiting Machines
Kohinoor introduces the ROYAL 747 series, a new generation of intelligent bruiting system, and its futuristic design, more compact, sturdier with outstanding performance in accuracy.
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Dimension(LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Power Power Supply 425x455x240 mm 39 kg min 5oC -max 33oC 0.5HP max 230 VAC/50 hz
Feature:
y y y y y
y y
Totally computerized machine with the combination of micro-processor and micro-controller. The only machine which is able to control two diamonds at a time with the accuracy of 0.005mm in the world. Diamond measuring technique is more efficient as compare to ordinary machine. The only machines software that supports the operational system of Micro-soft XP, Professionals 2000, window XX series. Compact in size with rigid mechanical high repeatable accuracy and smooth linear guide ways is used to maintain. High repeatable accuracy and smooth linear motion, which saves weak diamond from breaking. Machine is suitable for 0.05ct to 50ct size of diamond without any expensive change. Fighter speed control up to 100 feed options.
Roundist Machines
XD500-Heavy Roundist Machine
Feature:

Perfect Roundness Bright Thread Powerful with in built vacuum system
Smooth production
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Technical Specification:
Dimension(LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Power Consumption Power Supply 475x340x465 mm 32 kg min 5 oC -max 45 oC 0.2HP (max) 230 VAC/50 hz
XD 500-Mini Roundist Machine
Feature:
Perfect Roundness Bright Thread Powerful with in built vacuum system y Smooth Operation
y y y
Dimension(LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Power Consumption Power Supply 290x335x295 mm 24 kg min -5oC to max 45oC 0.2HP (max) 230 VAC/50 hz
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Double Spindle Machine

Feature:
Perfect Cut and Wit thread Larger Production (400 Diamonds /day)
y y
Optional Power : Single Phase or three phase

y
Dimension(LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Power Consumption Power Supply 655x335x255 mm 54 kg min -5oC to max 45oC 0.2HP (max) 230VAC/50hz 1 phase or 440VAC 50hz 3 phase
XD-100 Compact Roundist Machine
Feature:
Count can be set according to diamond micron and machine Stops automatically as per diamond count set. One operator can operate more than one machine, so larger production

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Technical Specification:
Dimension(LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Power Consumption Power Supply 590x430x330 mm 53 kg min -5oC to max 35oC 0.25 HP max 230 VAC 50hz
Simple Maxi cut Machine
Feature:
y y
Better Roundness and Easy Operation Operate from Single Phase Power (203V / 50 Hz, 0.2KW)
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Centering Setup Machines
Feature:
y y y
Perfect Cut and Wit thread Larger Production (400 Diamonds /day) Optional Power : Single Phase or three phase
Dimension(LxBxH) Weight Operating Temp. Power Consumption Power Supply 200x500x640 mm 20 kg min -5oC to max 35oC 0.1 HP max 230 VAC 50hz
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About competition
Detail of Competitor:
Sahajanand Laser technology PVT. LTD Sarin technology, Israel Bartonville, Belgium Lexus, softton Adri Belgium Dialit OGI(Israel) Winner, Surat Level of competition:
Generally Level of competition in market is 10%.every year increase with by10% it is after 20 years of establishment it is facing 70% competition.
80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1 2 level of competition
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Comparison of 4ps of Kohinoor with competitors:-
promotion
product
4p's of marketing
place
price
Product:
Kohinoor manufacturing same product as Lexus manufactures but Kohinoor provides best quality product & it updates its technology from time to time to achieve better customer satisfaction as compared to its competitor.
It has all the latest technologies in its premises with all the latest system & software. it has one if the best designing team who work hard to bring one of the best diamond machinery in the world than lexus.they push product design further to innovate at every small detail, making it simpler and easier to use and at the same time simple & maximum warranty time to its customers than its competitors.
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Price:
Kohinoor innovates best diamond machineries at minimum cost so it is able to sale its product at lower price as compared to its competitors it gives same credit period as Lexus gives.

Prime dia- 1, 31,000 EQS fancy bruiting machine 2, 75,000 EQS machine (final) - 2, 75,000 EQS table machine - 2, 75,000 Conning machine 40,000 3 in 1 machine - m1 = 1, 75, 000 m2= 3, 00,000 4 in 1 machine - 4, 00,000 Half bruiting machine 1, 51,000 Auto Roundist Machine m1=12,000 m2= 12,000 m3= 14,000 Auto blocking Machine 1, 31,000 Auto table ganti 1, 31,000 & Setup station 1,25,000
Place:
In national& international market Kohinoor sales its machines directly to industrial customer by using railway & airways respectively while for international markets, Lexus make use to industrial distribution to sale its products to its customers.
Promotion:
Kohinoor make use of E-mail, web, tale-calling and references & advertisement through television or poster as promotional force, so, it is able to attract customers, while Lexus is the first & foremost company in this field. So it uses its brand name as main promotional tool along with others.
Distribution network
Kohinoor company sales their machinery basically in two market, Indian market and foreign market. Distribution network are as follow
Mgt. plant Surat
Indian market
Foreign market
Mumbai
Bhavnagar
Palanpur
Ahmadabad
Australia
America
Israel
Belgium
South Africa
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2% 2% 2% 4% australia 5% 5% 10% america balgium israil south africa bombay 70% rest of gujarat surat
As shown in above diagram, one can conclude that Surat is the main distribution network area of Kohinoor as it is the Diamond city so 70% of its machineries are sold in Surat, while in rest of Gujarat. It sales 10% in international markets like South Africa. Kohinoor is able to attract 5% of its customers for purchasing its products. In Israel, selling of machineries of doubled as compared to Belgium, America and Australia
How customer order are processed: 1. Sales procedures start when Kohinoor gets any kind of inquiry letter
from its customer. As per inquiry quotation is sent to customer 2. If customer gets satisfy with given quotation then they will place an order as & when customer order is received, Kohinoor produces machines within specified time period 3. Finally, produced machines are sent to customer
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Sales Procedure
sales on approval
follow up
ordeer confined
Delivery
sales presentation
1. Sales on approval:
At this stage they are finding qualified customers to selling the machineries.
2. Order confined:
After that Kohinoor contacts its customers by phone or mail it makes an appointment giving customer to choose appointment times and meeting location.
3. Delivery schedule sales presentation:

During sales appointment, Kohinoor sales representatives make use of their knowledge about their machines & its feature & also sales brochures, demonstration material & other supplementary information available to
them to present it before customers; they are quite able to handle an objection which arises during sales process It customers gets impressed by sales presentations than they will make a decision to buy.
4. Delivery (dispatch the order)
5. Follow up & services after the sales:

After selling its product, Kohinoor makes follow up & provides after sale services to its customer to build better relationship with them & to maintain good reputation in markets
List of Client

Sheetal manufactures company K.Girdharlal Mahendra Brothers Dharmesh Diamond C. mahendra exports Ram Krishna exports Hare Krishna exports Bhavani gems Jwlax impacts Star diamond CGK enterprise S.kumar & company G.naveen Walam Diamond Dhami Brothers Pramukh Diamond Sangvi exports Radha Krishna gems
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Pricing policy
From the company point of view an efficient price is a price that is very close to the maximum that customers are prepared to pay. In economic terms, it is a price that shifts most of the consumer surplus to the producer. A good pricing strategy would be the one which could balance between the price floor & the price ceiling the price beyond which the organization experiences a no diamond situation. 1. Price must achieve the financial goals of the company 2. It must fit in the realities of the market place 3. It must support a products positioning and be consistent with the other variables in the marketing mix. 4. Price must be set in accordance with the type of distribution channel used, the type of promotion used and the quality of the product 5. Price will usually need to be relatively high if manufacturing is expensive and the product is supported by extensive advertising and promotional campaign 6. A low price can be a viable substitute for effective promotions, or an energetic selling effort by distribution.
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Promotional & Advertising Policy

Kohinoor mainly uses E-mail, web, tale-calling, & references & advertisement through television or poster as promotion forces. It follows given promotional policy. 1. Kohinoor has a policy to devote 3% of its sales turnover for promotion. 2. Advertising must provide an introduction to the company & its product & if the product has a new feature, advertisement can explain them. 3. Advertising must be telling customer how to use machines. 4. Advertising must not contain fraudulent unreliable or unpleasant material, including material that misrepresent, ridicules or attacks an individual or group on the basis of age, national, origin, race, &religion 5. No advertising shall be permitted which may injure the good name or reputation of the company. 6. Advertising policy must be revised periodically
Forecasting & sales plan preparation
Kohinoor determine the trend prevailing in machinery industry by talking to trade supplier about what is selling well and what is not. It checks out recent copies of its industrys trade magazines.
Then, it establish the approximate size and location of its planned trading area like where it intends to distribute or promote its product by using available statistics or local sources to determine the general characteristics of this area.
Then after, it prepares a list and profile of competitors selling in its trading area by visiting the location the where their product is offered
It uses its research to estimate its sales on monthly basis, by using its research; it makes an educated guess at its market share & expresses this as the number of customer it can hope to attract.
Taxes
Outside country Export-0%
Within country: CST-4%
Additional tax-1%
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FINANCE DEPARTMENT
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FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT:
Financial management is way of managers decision that result in the acquisition in financing of long & short term credit for the firm has as such deal with situation that required selection of specific assets, liability as well as problem of size & growth of an enterprise the analysis of this decision are based on expected flows & outflows of funds and their effects on managerial objectives
Organizational structure of financial management
Financial Manager Mr. Tarun Jain
Financial Executive
Junior Financial Assistant
Data Entry Operator
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Internal Audit Policies
They conducted their audit in accordance with the auditing standards generally accepted in India. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principle used and significant estimates made by management as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. They believe that their audit provides a reasonable basis for their opinion.
They have obtained all the information and explanation, which to the best of their knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of their audit In their opinion, the company has kept proper books of account as required by law. So far, as appear from their examination of the books. The balance sheet and profit & loss a/c dealt with by this report are in agreement with the books of accounts. In their opinion, the balance sheet and profit & loss a/c dealt with by this report comply with the accounting standards referred to in sub section (3c) of section 211 of the company act, 1956. On this basis of written representation received from the directors, as on 31st march 2008, and taken on record by the board of director they report that none of the directors is disqualified as on 31st march 2008 from being appointed as a director in term of clause (9) of sub section (1) of section 274 of company act, 1956. Subject to observation in paragraph above, in their opinion and to the best of their information and according to the explanation and given to them the said accounts given the information required by companies act, 1956 in the manner so required & given a true and fair view in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in India.
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a. In the case of the balance sheet, of the state of affairs of the company as at 31st march 2008. b. In the case of the profit & loss a/c of the profit for the year ended on that date. As the company does not covered in condition of the companies order 2003 issued by the company law board in terms of section 227 (4a) of the companies act 1956, under caption order are not applicable.
Accounting Policies
A. Methods of accounting: The company is maintaining its books of accounts on accrual basis of accounting system. B. Inventories: Stock in trade is valued at cost or market value whichever less is. C. Fixed assets: Fixed assets are valued at cost. D. Depreciation: Depreciation on books has been providing on fixed assets during the year as per companies act written down value method. E. General: Accounting policies are not specifically referred to be consistent with generally accepted accounting practices. For VAT accounting, company followed exclusive method of accounting.
No provision for gratuity has been made in books of account in account of gratuity as no employer has put in qualifying period as services for the establishment of benefits.
Balance under the main heads, current liabilities, sundry debtors and loans and advances are subject to confirmation.
Inventory Valuation Method
This method assumes that the first unit making its way into inventory is the first sold. For example, lets say that a company produces 200 slides of machine on Monday at a cost of $ 1 each, and 200 more on Tuesday at $1.25 each. FIFO states that if the company sold 200 slides on Wednesday, he costs are $ 1 per slide (recorded on the income statement) because that was the cost of each of the first slides in inventory. The $1.25 slides would be allocated to ending inventory (appears on the balance sheet).
FIFO gives us a better indication of the value of ending inventory (on the balance sheet), but it also increases net income because inventory that might be several years old is used to value the cost of goods sold. Increasing the net income sounds good, buy it also has the potential to increase the amount of taxes that a company must pay. The first units in the oldest ones are sold first; therefore we leave the newest units for ending inventory.
For taxation purposes, FIFO assumes that are remaining in inventory are matched to the assets that are most recently purchased on produced. Because of this assumption, there is number of tax minimization strategies associated with using the FIFO inventory valuation method. FIFO assumes that items purchased first are sold first.

Cost of old purchase is recorded as cost of goods sold. Cost of recent purchases is recorded as cost of ending inventory. When price goes up, old price is lower than recent price. Cost of goods sold is lower for FIFO. Cost of ending inventory is higher for FIFO.
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Costing Methods
The methods to be used for the ascertainment of cost of production differ from industry. It primarily depends upon the manufacturing and also on the methods of measuring the departmental and finished products.
There are various methods of costing are as follows: Batch costing Multiple operation costing Service costing Job costing Process costing

Kohinoor use batch costing and multiple operation costing methods. Kohinoor use these methods because Kohinoor produce its product in batch and multiple operations are proceeding at a time in Kohinoor.
Working Capital Management

Working capital management include the management of

Working capital finance Management of receivable Management of inventory Management of cash
Working capital finance

Kohinoor uses the sources for working capital are as follow:
Long Term Sources Of Working Capital

y y
Equity share Long term loans
Short Term Sources Of Working Capital

y y y
Short term loans Bank overdraft Trade credit
Management of receivables
Receivable are assets account representing amount owed to the firm as a result of sale of goods in the ordinary courses of business
Management of receivables is depending upon the credit policy of company. Kohinoor has the credit policy as under

Kohinoor Kohinoor Kohinoor Kohinoor
has too strict or too liberal credit policy give goods only on one month credit period. timely collect and get its receivables give cash discount in bulky purchase
Management of inventory
Inventory control means the decision of the firm as to the extent to which inventories can be economically stored Kohinoor main objectives of inventory control are:
To maximize the efficiency in production
To maintain investment in inventory at the lowest level To supply the products to its user as per their requirement at right time To minimize holding, replacement and shortage cost of inventory at minimum level.
Management of cash
Cash is the medium of exchange which allows management to carry on the various activities of the business on day to day basis. Cash management involves the following four factors:
Ascertainment of the minimum cash balance and controlling the level of cash Controlling cash inflows Controlling cash outflows Optimum investment of surplus cash
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Depreciation
Depreciation is the process of allocating the acquisition cost of the tangible assets less salvage value. If any, in a systematic and a rational manner, over the estimated useful life of the asset. Kohinoor use only one method for calculate depreciation is written Down value method.
Depreciation on all assets is provided on written value method. Depreciation in addition from fixed assets is provided on production data basis from/up to the date of such addition/Deletion as the case may be .Depreciation in addition assets due to exchange variation, forward over premium changes etc. is provided over the remaining useful life the assets.
Ratio Analysis (2010-2011)
1. Current Ratio:
Current Asset
Current Liabilities
Year 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Current Assets
8746928.74 17564756.85 26086964.76
Current liability 5455867.9 7561608.29 4501191.61
CR
1.6 2.34 5.80
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CR
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 CR
CR
It shows favorable situation for the firm as it is able to pay off its creditors in time due to larger proportion of current assets.
2. Gross profit Ratio: =
Gross Profit Net Sales
Gross Profit 2009-10 2010-11
Net Sales
GP
2319067 7486813
13234980 82682534
0.17 0.09
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0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 1 2 Series1
Gross profit margin of the firm is quit satisfaction as it is able to keep all its direct expenses as low as possible.
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HR DEPARTMENT
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Human Resource Planning:
Human resource planning is the process of determining & assuming that the organization will have an adequate number of qualified persons, available at the proper times, performing jobs which meet the needs of the enterprise &which provides satisfaction for the individuals involved.
Human resource planning has been defining as, The process by which management determines how an organization should move from its current manpower position to its desirable manpower position. Though it management strive to have the right kind of people at the right place, at the right time, doings things which result in both the organization and the individual receiving, maximum long range profit.
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Organization Structure of Human Resource Department
HR Manager Mr. Tarun Jain
Administration Office
Time Office
Executive
Executive
Staff
Staff
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Parts of HR Department:
1. Administration office 2. Time office
Administration Office:
In administration department responsibility of the manager as follow:

They examine day to day activity of the employees. Recruitment & selection of employs. Training & development of employees To decide Compensation Performance appraisal Safety of employees Employee welfare activity They directing & motivating to employees for better performance. They give better working environment to the employees. They co-ordinate other department.
Time Office:
Time office is part of administration office:

Check employees, sales person, purchasing materials entry& exit. Informs to other department.
Human Resource Planning

In Kohinoor, human resource planning is done in this way:
Kohinoor takes care of organizational objectives and policies while recruiting employees. Its also takes care of such questions like whether organization should fill vacancies by internal promotion or hiring from outside, which type of training and development program are needed, what policies are needed to handle staff unit, how to understand employee job etc.
By analyzing this Kohinoor predict the requirements of employees in near future. For that Kohinoor uses managerial judgment technique for its human resource forecasting because it is very simple technique. Under this method, managers of Kohinoor estimate the manpower requirements for the respective departments. This departmental estimate are then aggregated and approved by top management.
Kohinoor fills up this vacant position either by internal or external sources of recruitment. It makes uses of promotion, former employees and employee referrals as its internal sources of recruitment and advertisement as its external sources of recruitment.
After estimating requirement and availability of personnel, managers take action to balance them. This action may be promotion plan, transfer plan, training *development plan, retention plan and retrenchment plan.
Once the action plans are implemented the human resource structure and system get reviewed &regulated by human resource managers. If any deficiency found in the firm immediately managers take corrective actions.
Recruitment
Recruitment is the process of finding & attracting capable applicants for employment. The process begins when new recruits are sought and when
their applications are submitted. The result is a pool of applicants from which new employees are selected.
In simple term, recruitment is understood as the process of searching for ensuring applicants for various job positions which arises from time to time in the organization.
Recruitment Process of Kohinoor
The recruitment process of Kohinoor starts with the personal planning of general manager. When any sit becomes vacant or need of new employees are felt, general manager first plan how many employees are required and what qualification. General Manager decides which type of people is required or which type of skill an employee need to have for recruitment.
The second step is searching for employees. General Manager decides from where the employees need to be recruited and by which sources. The middle level of employees and workers are mostly recruited within the city & areas which are near to the company, for recruiting employees, general manager uses both internal and external sources of recruitment. Manager uses internal sources like,
Promotion & transfer Former employees Employee referrals
Manager uses external sources like,

Advertisement Employment exchange
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The third step is screening of collected application. Applications received in response to advertisement are screened and only eligible applicants are called for interview. Here the recruitment process ends and the selection process begins.
Sources of recruitment
Kohinoor use both internal and external sources which are as follow in detail.
Internal source
Kohinoor uses internal source when they need more employees in short period of time.
Promotion & Transfer

Kohinoor uses promotion and transfer as internal sources of recruitment for its vacant position. It uses promotion to higher position has as it has several advantages like it encourages competent employees who are ambitious as well as it is cheaper than going outside to recruit.
Former Employees
Kohinoor uses this source of recruitment when some retired employees want to come back to work on part time basis or they may recommend someone who would be interested in working for the company.
Employee Referrals
It is a good source of internal recruitment for Kohinoor as it can reach many qualified people at very low cost. A manager concern with employee
recommendation is that the referred individuals are likely to be similar in type of those who are already working for the company.
External sources
External sources far outnumber the internal methods.
Advertisement
This is the common source of recruitment. All types of organizations are using it for recruitment. Kohinoor uses advertisement as its external sources of recruitment because of their wide reach. It gives ad in local and state level news paper and also in business journals for its vacant position. Kohinoor take care that advertisement must be effectively drafted before publishing.
Employment Exchange
Employment exchanges have been setup all over the country in difference to in provision of the employment exchange act, 1959. The act requires the entire industrial establishment to notify the vacancies before they are filled. Kohinoor also notify its vacancies and take employees from employment exchange.
Selection
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Selection is the process of offering jobs to one or more applicants that are best candidate from the pull of application.
Selection is the process by which candidates for employment are divided into class those who will be offered employment and those who will not. Thus, the selection process is a tool in the hand of the management to differentiate the qualified and unqualified applicants by applying various techniques such as interviews, tests.
Process of selection
Selection process starts when recruitment process ends. The steps of selection process are as follows. The first of selection process is receipt of application. Then after application are screened out and only those are selected whose application gets match with required specifications and attributes. The next step taken by Kohinoor is preliminary interview. In this only general questions are asked and some information about company and of jobs is given to applicants.
The third step is selection test. Kohinoor takes written selection test in which they ask question. This test is taken only for middle level. For worker and top level manager, written test is not taken. They called for an interview. Interview is taken by managers and applicants who passed this interview are selected for job.
The fourth step is final selection. Job is offered to selected applicants by giving appointment later and information of company, job and his co-workers.
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Job Description
In Job Description we know that which work I will do? This point is very important for process in selection and recruitment process. This point is control for selection and recruitment process. Likewise all relevant detail of term and condition of service should be made fully available to the application for the job including comprehensive job description, so that complete awareness is there leaving no room for ambiguity or misunderstanding or wrong assumption. He should fully know what he is bargaining for.
The job description of Kohinoor is involving the following information. Job descriptions of Kohinoor for top and middle level include same information as follow: Information about machines Job title Designation of job holder Job summary Job duties and responsibilities Working condition Relationship and behavior.

Job Specification
In job specification we know that which work will do and how do you? This point is also necessary for in selection and recruitment process. The job
specifications are length then it can be separately annexed by stating as per or as stated in the annexed do his letter of appointment.
Job specification summaries the human characteristics needed for satisfactory job completion. It tries to describe the key qualification someone needs to perform the job successfully. It spells out important attributes of a person in terms of education, experience, skills, knowledge and abilities to perform a particular job.
Kohinoors job specification for top level or manager is including the following things:

Post graduation degree 2-3 years experience Age Intelligence and power of decision making Various skills Behavior and personal attributes.
Kohinoors job specification for middle level include all above matters with some change in education and skills.
Performance Appraisal
Performance appraisal may be defined as structured & formal system of measuring & evaluating an employees job related behavior & outcomes to discover how & why the employee presently performing on the job & how the employee can perform more effectively.
The latest mantra being followed by company is get paid according to what you contribute" the focus of the Kohinoor company is turning to performance management and specifically to individual performance. Performance appraisal helps to rate the performance of the employees and evaluate their contribution towards the companys goals. Kohinoor does not have performance appraisal system. So it should measure the performance of its worker by this way:
The most difficult part of performance appraisal process is to accurately and objectively measure the employee performance. So, measuring the performance should cover the evaluation of the main tasks completed and the accomplishment of the employee in a given time period in comparison with the goals set at the beginning of the period. Measuring also encompasses the quality of the accomplishment, the compliance with the desired standards, the cost involved and the time taken in achieving the results.
For the purpose of measuring employee performance different input forms can be used for taking the feedback from the various sources like superior, peers, customers, vendors and the employee himself. All the perspectives thus received should be combined in the appropriate manner and to get an
overall, complete view of the employee performance. Observation can also be exercised by the superior to obtain information some suggestion and tips for measuring employee performance are:
Clearly define & develop the employee plan of action (performance) with their role, duties & responsibility. Organization outcomes or the achievement of organizational goals should also be kept in mind. Focus on accomplishment &result rather than on activities. Also take note of the skills, knowledge & competencies and behaviors of the employees that help the organization to achieve its goals. Financial measures like the return on investment the market share, the profit generated by the performance of the team should also be considered.
For an organization to be an effective organization and to achieve its goal, it is very important to monitor or measure its and its employee performance on a regular basis. Effective monitoring and measuring also include providing timely feedback and reviews to employees for their work and performance according to the pre-determined goals and standards and solving the problem faced. Timely recognition of the accomplishment also motivates the employees and help to improve the performance.
Promotion
Promotion refers to the upward movement of an employee from one job to another higher one with greater responsibilities, higher status &better salary.
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Promotion policy
The promotion policy is prepared with the help of manger &other staff members. Kohinoor provides equal promotional opportunities throughout the company. It means that an internal promotion to external recruitment is same in all departments. Kohinoor gives promotion on the basis of both seniority and merits. So it can take advantages of both. It provides suitable training & development opportunities so that employees can prepare themselves for advancement. Promotion is not being forced on unveiling employees. Internal staff are given fair chance of promotion before higher level posts are filled from outside. Policy also specifies that whenever a senior person is not selected for promotion, he will be told the reason for his suppression.
Demotion
Demotion implies the assignment of an employee to a job of lower rank with lower pay. It refers to downward movement of an employee in the organizational hierarchy with lower status and lower salary.
Demotion policy
The circumstance under which employees can be demoted should be clearly specified and made known to employees.
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The superior who is authorized and responsible to initiate a demotion should be named. The policy should be fair and impartial. The lines of demotion (from one job to another) should be specified. In case of demotion caused by adverse economic condition and technological changes, the basis for demotion (merit and seniority) should be specified. Clear cut norms for judging merit and seniority should be stated. A provision should be made for appeal and review of every demotion It should be an opened rather than a closed a policy.
Increment
Increment implies movement of an employee to a higher pay scale without a change of job.
Increment policy
Increment policy should be based on performance appraisal system. The situation under which employees can be given an increment should be clearly specified and made know to the employees. A staff member will not be eligible for an accelerated increment if their salary is already at the maximum of the salary range. In such cases consideration should be given to the payment of a one-off bonus payment in accordance with the bonus payment policy. Unless there is specific approval of the CEO, no staff member will receive more than one accelerated increment in a year.
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Employee Welfare
Employee welfare means, Anything done for an intellection physical, moral and economic betterment of the worker, whether by employees, by government or by other agencies, order and above what is laid down by law, or what is normally expected on the part of the contracted benefits for which worker may have bargained.
Employee Welfare Activities

Security Communication facilities Medical facilities Convenience and comfort during the work Training and development programs Economic services like bonus scheme Notice boards, posters, information Workshop and cleanliness lighting, elimination of dust, smoke, gases. Provision for drinking water Supply of necessary beverage, pills and tables, tea, coffee Urinals and latrines, washbasin, waste disposal
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Distribution of work hours and provision for rest hours, meal times and breaks. Safety instrument such as guards, caps, shoes, aid equipments Compensation for accident
Employment Records Keeping

Kohinoor kept following employment records for each employee:

Employment history Employment no Name Address Rate of salary Attendance record and pay roll Leaves and promotion Shift sequence Overtime series Training records
Training and Development
Training is a systematic and organized procedure by which non-managerial personnel learn technical knowledge and skill for a definite purpose. Training is a learning process which seeks a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience. Training courses are typically designed for a short term, stated set purpose.
In Kohinoor, training is given for the purpose of increasing productivity of employees, quality of work, enhance and update knowledge and skill of
employees and many others. Kohinoor provides on job training in which company and its member help and provide guidance to new employee. In Kohinoor, training is given to the worker for the period of one month.
Development is a systematic and organized procedure by which managerial personnel learn conceptual and theoretical knowledge for general purpose. Development is the process of transition of an employee from a lower level of ability, skills and knowledge to that of higher level.
Induction Training
Induction training is the process of receiving and welcoming an employee when he first joins a company and giving him the basic information he needs to settle down quickly and happily and start work.
Kohinoor conduct a formal orientation program, in which it administers smaller doses of information over a period of time rather than giving everything on a single day. In this program new employee is introduce to the people with whom he will work like colleagues, superiors and subordinates. It also provide information like brief history and operations of the company, product and service of the company, companys organization structure, location of the department and employee facilities policies and procedures of the company, rules and regulations about daily work routines, terms and condition of service including wages, working hours, overtime, holidays, etc. benefits and service for employees and opportunities for training, promotion, etc.
Identification of training needs
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Identification of training need is the most important step in designing a training program. This includes entire organization, all operation and all employees In following cases Kohinoor gives training to employee 1. If there is any difficulty in achieving companys goal 2. When technology gets changed.
Labour Relations & Trade Unions
Numbers of terms are used to denote word labour relation, such as employee relation, industrial relation, labour management relation, etc.
According to dale yodder: the industrial relation has been describe as a relationship between management and employees or among employees and this organizations bad characterize and grow out of employment.
Objective Of Industrial Relationship In Kohinoor

To ensure and establish industrial democracy To protect and safe guard the interest if labour as well as management To increase production as well as productivity To promote and maintain industrial peace and harmony To improve living standard of workers by pay of fair wages, benefits and provision of better living and work condition.
Trade union is a continuing a long term association of employees form to protect promote and improve through collective action the social, economic and political interest of workers.
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Different trade union activities of this Kohinoor Techno-Machines Ltd are given as follows:

Productivity orientation programme Employee development programme Leadership development programme Communication for Bette union mgt. relationship Workers participation in mgt. Quality of worker life and productivity.
Wages & Salary Administration
Wages and salary administration of Kohinoor Techno-Machines Ltd are following:
All employees shall be paid on 1st week of every month. In case 1st is fall of Sunday and or national holiday, the payment made one day after. The salary grade and structure for various categories are designed according to the nature of duties, skills, and responsibility. The company may revise the same periodically after taking into consideration the inflation rate in the market as well as the financial condition and performance of the company. The company also follow industry region pattern in finalizing the salaries. Kohinoor Techno-Machines Ltd company give wages on basis of time wages system.
Incentives & Motivation System
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Incentives are monetary benefit paid to workmen in recognition of their outstanding performance. Kohinoor uses certain incentives to motive its employee. Motivation means to force a person & involve him to complete the works in right time & place with help by providing a basic need or special need to worker. Especially Maslows theory need hierarchy used motive employees such as basic need, recognize, and identify, self- realization.
Extra salaries are one such type of incentive, which is given to those employees who show sincerity & regularity throughout in their work. Salary is the main factor to motivate employee, safety need is also used to complete the work.
Kohinoor gives incentives base on looking different factors of employees such as, personality, nature, communication style, behavior, attitude etc.
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Recommendation:
Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited is should much concentrate on the store department. They have to store raw material in large scale so that they are not meeting the problem of due delivery. In production department, less worker are involved than required. So they should also take care of personnel management.
Conclusion:
Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited is medium level company but it make its position so strong in market by its work is very appreciable. The method of recruitment, selection, training, development, and performance appraisal is very good so everyone is satisfied with their duty & responsibility. Because of that everyone are put more efforts to increase the profit of company. From working method of this company I hope that Kohinoor techno machines ltd, will growing more & more in future. And become not only one of the best companies but only one best company for producing diamond machinery.
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Bibliography:
Web link:
www.bseindia.com www.kohinoormachineries.com
Book:
Pandey, I M. (Ninth edition-2005), Finance Management, India: vikas publishing house pvt. Ltd. Gupta, C.B. (thirteenth thoroughly released-2009), management, India: sultan chand & sons human resource
Bhatt, Asvathapppa K. (first edition-1999, reprint-2009), production & operational management, India: Himalaya publishing house. Kotler, Philip (thirteenth edition-2009), marketing management, India: Dorling Kindersley pvt. Ltd.
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A SUMMER TRAINING REPORT UNDERTAKEN AT

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Evolution of the Manufacturing Industry:

Working Of Manufacturing Industry:

Industrial Growth Detail

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Name of Company: Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited Nature of business: manufacturing

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Kohinoor Techno Engineers Head Office Address:

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Kohinoor Techno Engineers Limited

Kohinoor Techno Engineers Financial Details:

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Future plan of Kohinoor

Auto blocking machine

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Digital Maxicut machine

Auto Bruting Machine ZX 9100

Diamond Cutting Tools & Machines

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Vision, Mission & Values

History & Growth

: Manufacturer, Exporter : 51 to 200 People

: Up to US$ 0.25 Million (or up to Rs. 1 Crore Approx.)

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Change name of company:

Awards & achievements

3. Indian diamond institute gives life time membership award.

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Organization Structure of Company:

Human resource manager

Deputy executive Senior executive

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Duties of production management:-

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Organization Structure of Production Department

Mr. Baba Bhai

Blocking department Workers-4

EQS department Workers-7

Connig department Workers-7

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

How They Are Making Decision To Produce?

Material Requirement Planning:

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Capacity Requirement Planning

Maintain Quality Standard

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

Drill & Tapping

Bearing, Computer, Motor

Material Requirement Planning:

KOHINOOR TECHNO ENGINEERS LIMITED

 Master Production Schedule

 Inventory Status File

Factor Affecting To the Plant Layout:

How Much To Manufacturing:

Government Rules & Regulation:

Master Production Schedule

Inventory Status File

Regularly reviewing processes and the quality system itself for