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66
trSwf(5)? azaz:0g7Dv 2011 ckeSpf
tvif;&eH@
*sme,f
,ae@ ‘0g'jzef @jcif;’ qd kwJ hpum;vH k;ud krkom0g' vdrfnmr_awGjzef @jzL;vd kwJ htcg
rSm r=umc%toH k;ðywwf=uygw,f? od k @aomftJ'D0g'jzef @jcif;
(propaganda)
a0g[m& ud k trSefw&m;jyef @ES HŒapzd k @ &nf&G,fcsufeJ @ ±d krefuufovpfausmif;awmfu [d k; ESpfaygif;
rsm;pGmu yxrqHk; toHk;ðycJ hwmjzpfygw,f?
ynm&yfa0g[m&t&qd k&&if0g'jzef @jcif;qd kwm vlxk&JΠtawG;tjrifpdwful;
¶_axmif hawGajymif;vJypfzd k @ &nf&G,fcsufeJ @ a&;xm;/ ajymxm;/ "gwfyH k¶dkufxm;/ AG D'D,dk
rSwfwrf;wifxm;wJht&m&mudk jzef@jzL;xkwfvkyfjcif;yJ jzpfygw,f? 0g'jzef@vkyfief;udkppfyG JawGeJ @ ppfyG Jvd ktajctaeawGrSm vufeufu&d,mozG,ftoH k;ðy=uygw,f? wenf;
qdk&&if ‘pdwfydkif;qdkif&mppfyGJ’
(the war of the mind)
/ pdwf"gwfppfqifa&;
(psychological warfare)
wd k @&JΠvkyfief;tpdwftyd kif;ygyJ?
0g'jzef@jcif; yH kpHESpfrsKd;&Sdygw,f? tjzLa&mif0g'jzef @jcif;eJ @ trnf;a&mif0g'jzef@
jcif;? tjzLa&mif0g'jzef @jcif;rSm oD;jcm;tjrifoabmxm;awGudkazmfjyxm;wJhtcsuf
tvufawG yg0ifygw,f? owif;tifazmfar;&Sif; yd k @ay;zd k@eJ @ =oZmv$rf;zd k @ ESpfckpvH k;ud k
&nf&G,fygw,f? tajctaetcsdeftcgay: rlwnf+yD; rdrdypfrSwfxm;wJ hvlxk&JΠEd kifiHa&;
tjrifudk=oZmv$rf;xm;Ed kifzdk @ jzpfw,f? &efoleJ @ &ifqd kif&wJ htcg tJ'Dvlxk&JΠpdwf"gwf
jr‡ifhwifay;zdk@jzpfw,f?tjzLa&mif0g'jzef @jcif;u trSefw&m;udkazmfjyygw,f? od k @aomf ay;yk d @vd kwJ h
rufaqcsfŒawGeJ@ tJ'geJ@ qufpyfwJh tcsuftvufay:rSm tm¶kHpdkufvkyfaqmifxm;yg
w,f? tjzLa&mif0g'jzef @jcif;&JΠ&nfrSef;csufu tm%m&Sifvd ktpd k;&awGud kqef @usif=uwJ h
tcg tEkenf;eJ @jzpfap t=urf;enf;eJ @jzpfap ckcHvkyfaqmif&wd kif; vlxk&JŒtjrifoabm
xm; t&m&mud k cGeftm;&Sdatmifajymif;vJypfzd k @ygyJ?
trnf;a&mif0g'jzef@jcif;uawmh txl;ojzif hrrSefruefowif;vkyf}uHzefwD;
zdk @yg? t"du OD;wnfypfrSwfu &efoludkyg? vkyfief;pOfu vSnf hpm;jzm;a,mif;jcif;ygyJ?
a,bl,s&nf&G,fcsufu &efol&JΠOD;wnfcsuf a00g;oGm;apzdk@/ vrf;aysmufoGm;apzdk@/pdwf"gwfysufjym; uG J+yJoGm;=uapzd k @? Oyrm acgif;aqmifr_tay: ,H k=unfr_avsmhusap+yD;/
olwd k @ r[mrdwftkyfpkygwemawGt=um; qufqHa&; wif;rmòyduG Japzd k @jzpfw,f?
0g ' jz ef @r_
0if hxef;
67
tvif;&eH@
*sme,f
trSwf(5)? azaz:0g7Dv 2011 ckeSpf
'Dvd ktrnf;a&mif0g'jzef @r_ud ktaumiftxnfazmf&mrSm ESpfbufc|efolv#KdawG
(double agents)
eJ @ aqmif&Gufr_u yd kc&D;a&mufygw,f? Oyrm 'Drdku&ufwpfv_yf&Sm;r_
rSm pdwf"gwfcdkifrmxufoefr_&S dovd k/ etzvkyfief;twGif; 0ifa&mufar$aESmufwGifus,f
xm;oljzpf&r,f? jzpfEd kif&ifetzpDrHcsufawGrSm v#KdŒ0Sufvkyfudkifae&ygr,f?
+Adwdo#wefjyefaxmufvSrf;a&; tqif hjrif ht&m&S duifzDvfbD
(Kim Philby)
qdkol[m qdkAD,uftwGuf v#KdŒ0SufvkyfaqmifcJholjzpfygw,f? tvGefta&;}uD;wJhv#KdŒ0Sufowif;awGud kqd kAD,ufud kyd k @ay;&if; 'kwd,urB mppftwGif; +Adwdo#eJ @ tar&duef
wd k@t=um; qufqHa&;awGtrsm;}uD;ysufatmifaESmif h,SufcJ h&mrSm emrnf}uD;ygw,f?
trsKd;om;a&; vlrsKd;a&; bmoma&; tuG Jt+yJawG&S dwJ hae&mrSm/ u|rf;usifwJ hat;*sif hu
rwlwJhtkyfpkawGt=um; pdwf0rf;uG Jr_rsKd;pH kay:atmifvkyfaqmifzd k@ vG,fulygw,f?
trnf;a&mif0g'jzef @r_u olwd k @axmufvSrf;a&;tzG J @rsm;uwqif h&efolay:vpD
rdwfumrsm;ud kypfrSwfxm;wwfygw,f? &efolqH k;jzwfcsuftrSm;awGjzpfoGm;apzd k @ &nf
&G,fygw,f(&efol @twGuf trSm;[m/ udk,fhtwGuftrSef)? 'kwd,urBmppftwGif;rSm
t}uD;tus,f vdrfvnfenf;ynmrsKd;pHkoHk;cJhygw,f? ppfwyftwkvufeuftwkawG
zefwD;jcif;/ zrf;qD;rdwJ hpyd kifawGxHu tcsuftvufawGeJ @ owif;rSm;awGjyefvkyfjcif;/
pyd kifawG jyefv$wfjcif;wdk @ ygygw,f?
odk@aomf trnf;a&mif0g'jzef@r_rSm &efolpdwf0ifpm;avmufwJh toHk;ðyEdkifaumif;wJ hrSefuefwJ htcsuftcsKdŒ xnf hay;&ygr,f? 'Dvd krvkyf&if&efolu tm¶kHpd kufrSm
r[kwfovd k/ trSefw&m;tcsKdŒeJ @ &nf&G,fcsuf&S d&S d&ufazmufxm;wJ hrSm;,Gif;wJ htcsuf
awGuvnf; &efolud kt,H koGif;vSnf hpm;Ed kifrSm r[kwfygbl;?
&efol @twGuftoH k;0ifr,f htcsuftvufb,favmufrsm;rsm; csay;r,f/
tJ'DatmifjrifwJ hvSnf hpm;r_uae b,favmuftusKd;tjrwfjyef,lr,fqdkwJhESpfck=um;
wGufcsufcef@rSef;Edkifzdk@ ta&;}uD;ygw,f?tm%m&Sifpepfuawmhtrnf;a&mif0g'jzef @r_uk d xkwfv$if hygw,f? tm%m
&SifawGu ol@jynfolvlxkudk ra=ujimwJhppf t+rJqifE$Jwwfygw,f? &nf&G,fcsufutwd kuftcHeJ @ jynfolud kvSnf hpm;vdrfnmzd k @ jzpfygw,f? Ad kvfcsKyfoef;a&$[m pdwf"gwfppf
qifa&;u|rf;usifol/ 0g'jzef@r_bmom&yfeJ @ rpdrf;vSoljzpfw,f? ol @p¶d kufud k=unf h&ifrvd k
tyfor# E_wfqdwfae+yD;/ b,folrSrxifrSwfwJhtcsdefrSm twd kuftcH/ vlxkeJ @ ol @vlawG
tay: òcHcd kwd kufcd kuftEkdif,lwwfoljzpfw,f?
ppftpd k;&twGufta&;}uD;qH k;vufud kiftzG J @uawmhwyfrawmfqd kwmeJ @ ppf
t&m&S dawGygyJ? ynmtcHtm;enf;wJ ht&m&S drsm;eJ @ ppfom;awGud kwyfrawmf&JŒork dif;/
zufqpfawmfvSefa&;/ vGwfvyfa&; pwJh yHk}uD;csJŒ0g'jzef@r_awG t}udrf}udrftxyfxyfoGyfoGif;xm;ygw,f?
68
trSwf(5)? azaz:0g7Dv 2011 ckeSpf
tvif;&eH@
*sme,f
'ga=umifh&efoltoH k;cswJ henf;vrf;awGud kaoaocsmcsmavhvmzd k @eJ @ xdxd
a&mufa&muf jyefvnfwkef@jyefzd k @ vd kygr,f? wefjyef0g'jzef @csda&; v#KdŒ0Sufenf;vrf;awG
azmfaqmifzd k @ vd kygr,f? wyfrawmfwyf&if;t&m&S dawGtygt0iftkyfpktrsKd;rsKd;ud kypfrSwf
xm;+yD; =oZmv$rf;rdk;xm;Edkifzdk@ jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDv_yf&Sm;olrsm;taejzifh 0g'jzef@csdr_twwfynmudk c|efjraeatmif aoG;&=u&ygr,f? wpfyGJxdk; vl=um;aumif;atmif[pfwJhyH kpH/ q,fvpfb&,fwDyH kpHawGeJ @ ppftm%m&Sif,EW&m;udkòzdzdk @ cufvSygw,f?
owif;0g'jzef @csda&;twGuf ¶kyfyH kawG[m tvGefta&;}uD;ygw,f? ¶kyfyH kawG
qd k&mrSm yd kpwm/ yd k @pu'f/ ¶kyf&SifpwmawGygygr,f? ‘¶kyfyH ktaxmuftulrygwJ hawmfvSef
a&;vkyfief;[m vlxkud kt"dy` g,faumufvG Jap¶k Hrubl;/ qH k;¶_ H;r,f hta&;udpPjzpfaew,f
vd k@awmifajymprSwfðy=uygw,f’? uae@tcsdefrSm enf;ynmtulypPnf;awGoH k;+yD; jzef @
jzL;pnf;¶kH;&wm tvGefvG,fygw,f?0g'jzef @r_ud kvkyfaqmif&mrSm enf;vrf;aygif;pH k &S dEd kifygw,f?
♦
tm;ay;wdkufwGef;jcif;
(encouragement)
♦
tvSL'geðyjcif;
(donation)
♦
vlopf/ tzG J @0ifopfpkaqmif;jcif;
(recruitment)
♦
vH kòcHa&;
(security)
♦
pkzG J @r_
(unity)
♦
txifao;pufqkyfapjcif;
(contempt)
♦
vufpm;acsjcif;
(revenge)
0g'jzef@csda&;orm;twGuf t"duusaomtcsufrsm;
1?0g'jzef @r_wGifqd kvdkcsifaom t"dy` g,fud kwdus&Sif;vif;r_vH k;0&S d&rnf? ay;yd k @vd kuf
onfhrufaqcsfŒrSm vlxkem;xJ rsufpdxJ xif;ueJ uGif;ueJjzpfoGm;ap&rnf?
bl;vH k;em;rxGif; a0g[m&rsm;ud k0g'jzef @csda&;wGifvH k;0 roH k;oif h?
2?&Snf&Snfvsm;vsm; pmyd k'f}uD;awGxuf¶kyfyH kygonf hpm&Gufa=umfjim AG D'D,d kpwm
awGud kyd koH k;oif honf? od k @aomfpmayonfvnf; ol @ae&mESif hol0g'jzef @csda&;wGif
ta&;}uD;ygonf?3?,Hk=unfwdkufwGef;r_awG jzef@csifonfhtcg ta&;pum;xuf tajympum; ujrefjrefc&D;a&mufonf?4?em;ESif h=um;zl;xm;onf hpum;ud ka&;xm;onf hpmvH k;u xyfrHtm;jznf hay;ygonf?
ta=umif;rSm a&;xm;onfhpmudk txyfxyfzwfI&Edkif+yD;/ tjcm;vlqD xyfrHjzef@jzL;ay;Edkifonf?
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