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INTRODUCTION
(30 40% )

E (8000) F
K

W
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KTAB
W

K
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W

Introduction

KK
W

K J

K J

K J

K J

K J

J
K

K J
Testing

Adjusting W

.
Balancing W

EF

(TAB)

- -

EF

(TAB)

K
K

- -

EF

K W
W

KW

K
KKKK

K (Shop drawings) K

K
K

K K

K K

K K
K K
K K

K(TAB) K
W
K

W
K K
K K

W
K K
K K

- -

EF

TAB of air distribution systems

(Measuring instruments) W
Pitot-tube traverse

Calibrated manometer

Inclined manometer

Tachometer

Clamp-on ammeter
Rotating vanes
anemometer
Dial thermometer
Flow meter
Compound gauges
Sling psychrometer
Digital thermometer

- -

EF

EF
EFW
W

K K

(Shop drawings) K
K

K K

K
K

K
K

F K
KE

K K
K K

K K

K K
K K
K K

KE JF(TAB) K

K (Performance data) K

K K

- -

EF

( Amp )

(V )

(% )

( C)
o

( C)
o

(mm.w)

(m s ) (m s )
3

J
J

J K

(TAB) WE JF


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EF

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- -

EF

EF
EFW
W

K K

K
K

K K

K K

W K

K J

K
K

J
K

K
KE JF

- -

EF

( Amp )

(V )

(% )

( C)
o

( C)
o

(
)
mm.w

(m s ) (m s )
3

J
J

(TAB) WE JF

- -

EF

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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K
KKKK

K K

K K

K K

K K

K K
K K

K(TAB) K
W
K

W
W
K K
K K

W
K K
K K

- -

EF

TAB of Water Distribution Systems

EF
W

E JF

W
K

EKKKKKF

(C )
K

K
(Clamp-on ammeter)
(Tachometer)

(PH-meter)K

K K

K
KKK

K K
KK

EF
K
K

- -

EF

K K
K
K

K K

K K
J

J
KKKKKKKKKK
K J

K(TAB) J

KE JF J

F J
KK

WEF

WEF

JWEF

WE JF

- -

EF

(RPM ) (kW ) ( Amp ) (V )

( s)
m

( C)

( C)

( pa ) ( pa ) ( pa )

J
J

J
J

(TAB) WE JF
W

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EF

EF
KW

K
K

K K

K
KEF

K
K

K K

K K

(10% ) K

K K
KE JF(TAB) K

- -

EF

( s)

( C)

(RPM ) (kW ) ( Amp ) (V )

( C)
o

( pa ) ( pa ) ( pa )

J
J

J
J

(TAB) WE JF
W

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EF

Testing of cooling towers

EF
(Testing of cooling towers) W

WE JF

K (15%) J

K (30% ) J

K (6o C ) J
K (5% )

W K

K (0.1o C )

K (0.1o C )

K (0.1o C )

W K
K

WE JF
- -

EF

W
K
K

K K

K K

K(Cavitation) K

K
K

K K

K K

K K

(m s )

( C)

( C)

( C)

(m s )
3

( )

3
m s

WE JF

K
K
K

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EF

Testing of control systems

EF
W
W

K K

K(TAB)

K
(TAB)

K( Shop drawingsF K

K K

F K
KE

K (NO & NC) K

- -

EF

Testing of electronic control systems

EF

KW
W

K K

K
K

K K

- -

EF

Testing of direct digital control(DDC) systems

EF
.(DDC) W

K

K

(Adaptive control)

K K

K
K

(DDC) K
K

- -

EF

EF

K K

K K

K K

K K

K K

K
(TAB)

W
K

W
K K
K K

W
K K
K K

EF

W
Measurement of Air Quality

Introduction

W
K J

K J

K J

K J

EF

EF
KW
W

(Ventilation rates)

K
W

EPitot-tube traverse)
(Hot-wire anemometer)

E CO 2 Gas tracer)

E JF

CO 2 WE JF

EF

K
KE JF

( )

3
m s

( ppm ) CO 2

K
K

WE JF
W K
%outside air (OSA) =

C r C s
C r C o

C r = CO 2

C s =

CO 2

C o = CO 2

%(OAS ) =

(ASHRAE)

CO 2

KE JF

EF

JF CO 2
E

( ppm )

CO 2

( )

( ppm )

3
m s

500

0.01

800

650

0.007

1000

1050

0.005

1400

2050

0.0025

2400

W ( ppm )

CO 2 WE JF
E CO 2 350 ppm F

CO 2 (ASHRAE) K
K 600 ppm

CO 2

K[Demand controlled ventilation(DCV)]

EF

EF
W
[Sound pressure level measurement(SPL)]

W
(Precision sound level meter)

(dB)

(Sound analyzers) K

(Noise dosimeter)
K(dBA) (A-weighted sound level)K

Stethoscope

W
K K

K K

K
K(dBA)

F (Background

noise) K

WEKKK

EF

KE JF K
NC 30

K NC 50

E dB F

K
K

20-25
25-30
30-40

K
K

35-45
40-65

WE JF

EF

EF
(Vibration testing) W
W

KEF

KEF
W

(Sound level meters)

(VibrometersF

(Stethoscope)

(Accelerometer)

K K

K K

K
K

K K
K K

KE JF K

(RMS )

(mm s )

K
K
EKKKF K

3.3
3.3
2.3

. WE JF

EF

TAB Report for a Central A/C System
W
(Index)
(PrefaceF

K
.

(Measuring instruments)

K(TAB)EF
KKKKK

F
E

KE RPM F

K
K

K
K

(Terminal boxes)

K
K

F
KE

EF

(Air distribution devices)

K

KEF
K

(Supply / Exhaust fansFL

K

K
K

(Water coils)
K

K
K
K

K
K
K

EF

(Pumps)

K
K

K
K

(Water chillers) K

K
K

K (100% )

(Cooling towers) K
K
3
. m s & Tons of cooling

K
K

K
K

. (Rated)

EF

(Boilers) K

KEF (Rated capacity)

EF

W
W

K EF

E
F

( Amp ) (V )

(% )

( C)

( C)

(mm.w)

(m s ) (m s )

K
K
K

K EF

K E
F

CO 2
( ppm )

K
K

EF

EF

E
F

WK

(RPM ) (kW ) ( Amp ) (V )

(m s )
3

( C)

( C)

(Pa ) (Pa ) (Pa )

J
J

K EF
W E
F

(m s )

( C)

( C)

(m s )

( s)

( C)

K
K
K

EF

KW

KW
KW
W

E CO 2 Gas tracer) EF

WEF
%outside air (OSA) =

C r C s
C r C o

C r = CO 2

C s =

CO 2

C o = CO 2

%(OAS ) =

K
K

(C )
K

(RPM )

EF

E F

K (15%) J

K (30% ) J

K (6o C ) J
K (5% )

K
K

K K

K K
(Cavitation)

K
K

K K

K K

K K

EF

Glossary
A
Air changes per hour
Air handling unit

Air outlets

EF

Anemometer
Adaptive control

Accelerometer

Adjusting
B
Balancing damper

BMS
Background noise

Balancing
C
Central air conditioning

Chiller
Calibrated manometer
Clamp-on Ammeter

Cooling tower
D

DDC
Dial thermometer
Digital thermometer

Dosimeter

EF

dB
E

EF

Exhaust fan

Equipment
F

Fan-coil unit

Flow meter
G

Gauge

Gas tracer
H

HVAC
Hot-wire anemometer

Indoor air quality

Inclined manometer

Index
L

Location
M
Measuring instruments

NC
O

Orifice meter
P
Pressure drop

Pressure loss

PH

EF

PH-meter

Pitot-tube

Pyrometer

ppm
Preface

Pump

Return air
S
Steam meter

Stethoscope

SPL
Sling psychrometer

Shop drawings
T

TAB

Tachometer

Testing
V

Vibration

Vibrometer
W
Water treatment

EF

Nomenclature
kg / s

m& w

kg

Air mass flow rate

kg / s

m& a

Air density

kg / m 3

Static pressure

Pa

ps

Dynamic pressure

Pa

pd

Velocity pressure

Pa

pv

Total pressure

Pa

pT

Total Pressure difference

Pa

p T

Fan static pressure

Pa

FSP

Fan total pressure

Pa

FTP

Air pressure

Pa

pa

kJ kgK

c pw

Air volume

m3

Va

Dry bulb temperature

Tdb

Wet bulb temperture

Twb

Relative humidity

RH

Ton of Refrigeration

TR

TR

Internal temperature

Ti

Outside temperature

To

Supply air temperature

TS

Temperature difference

Water mass flow rate

mass

Specific heat of water

m 3 s 1

Velocity

Discharge (volume flow

rate)
efficiency

EF

Air change per hour

hr 1

ACH

Cooling load

CL

WATTS

Water horsepower

hp

WHP

Brake horsepower

hp

BHP

Manometric head

mm.w

Current

Voltage

concentration CO 2

ppm

Sound pressure level

dB

SPL

Noise criteria

dB

NC

Mechanical efficiency

Power

EF

References

ASHRAE Handbook, 1999 "HVAC Applications"
Carrier Air Conditioning Company, 1965 "Handbook Of Air
Conditioning System Design" McGraw-Hill.
Edward G. Pita, 1998 "Air Conditioning Principles And Systems"
3rd. Edition, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, Columbus, Ohio.
Edward G. Pita, 1981 "Air Conditioning Principles And Systems:
An Energy Approach" 3rd. Edition, John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Whitman. Johnson & Tomczyk, 2000 "Refrigeration And Air
Conditioning Technology" 4th Edition, Delmar.
Faye & Parker, 1994 "Heating, Ventilating And Air
Conditioning" Analysis & Design. 4th Edition, , John Willey &
Sons, Inc.
Shan. K. Wang, 1994 "Handbook Of Air Conditioning And
Refrigeration" McGraw-Hill.
Trane Company, 1999 "Installation, Operation, Maintenance
Manual"
Tomas. E. Mull "Hvac Principles And Applications Manual"
McGraw-Hill.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

7.
8.
9.

EF

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................................................................................................................. W
............................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................... (Measuring instruments) W
................................................................................................................................................. EF
................................................................................................................................................ EF
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.............................................................................................................................................. EF
............................................................................................................................................... EF
..........................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. EF
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.............................................................................................................................................. EF
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.............................................................................................................................................. EF
......................................................................................................................... W
..........................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... EF
.............................................................................................................................................. EF
.............................................................................................................................................. EF
.........................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................. Nomenclature
.............................................................................................................................................................