By : Srinath .G Rajesh .

Evolution of cellular systems. What is 3G? Why 3G? Limitations of 3G What is 4G? Why 4G? 3G vs 4G

First Generation (1G)

TACS (Total Access Communication Systems). NMT(Nordic Mobile Telephone Network). AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service).
Second Generation (2G)

Invention of digital systems. In 1980s European countries developed GSM In 1993 United States developed CDMA

3G :
3G is the third generation of wireless technology which is the enhancement of 2G. It provides high-speed transmission, advanced multimedia access and global roaming. 3G is mostly used with mobile phones and handsets as a means to connect the phone to the Internet or other IP networks.

Technical Requirements of 3G:

High Data Rate -Down Link -Up Link

Quality Of Service:

: 100 Mbps : 50 Mbps

Conversational class (voice, video telephony, video gaming) Streaming class (multimedia, video on demand, webcast) Interactive class (web browsing, network gaming, database access)

Great Internet Experience: Say good bye to download bars that never disappear and web pages which never appear.

24X7 Live Entertainment: Watch videos and download music when you want to, wherever you want to! Get Videos-on-demand and live TV on your mobile at higher speeds.

Richer Communications Now don't just hear, but also see your family and friends live as they speak to you, from miles away. Dont just stop at emoticons. Say more, show more and do more with Video SMS and Video Mail. Cool new services 3G enables you to take advantage of services like: Google Maps GPS Multi-Player Gaming Interactive Apps

 Extensions with higher data rates is difficult with CDMA devices due to excessive interference in the services. It is difficult to provide a full range of multi-rate services, not a fully integrated system.

4G mobile is not yet established as an agreed set of standards, so its features are currently simply goals rather than requirements. As well as drastically increasing data transfer speeds, 4G mobile should use enhanced security measures. 4G mobile will be widely used for internet access on computers as well as carrying cell phone communications.

 Customers in areas which have strong 4G coverage will be able to use it for a home broadband connection which doesn't require any cabling to their household.

 It can also be used for accessing the internet on the move without having to be in a wireless hotspot such as those offered by some coffee shops, airports and libraries.

What is 4G? Faster and more reliable 100 Mb/s at anytime, any where, any how and at hotspots. Lower cost than previous generations Multi-standard wireless system Bluetooth, Wired, Wireless OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) used instead of CDMA

China Mobile, KPN, NTT DoCoMo, Orange, Intel, Motorola, Sprint Nextel, T-Mobile and Vodafone already doing research on 4G. Expected release of 4G services as early as 2012. Majority of companies expect widespread use of 4G systems by the end of 2011. Lifecycle of 4G is estimated to be 15 years.

In 3G seamless person to person communication and access to voice, data and some multimedia services.  The Future 4G planning to establish transmission between person to machine and machine to machine. 3G provides 14 megabits per second (Mbit/s) download and 5.8 Mbit/s upload. This is compared to the projected minimum 100 Mbit/s transfer speed of 4G The first major milestone in the development of the 4G network occurred in February 2007. A Japanese company known as NTT DoCoMo achieved transmission rates of 5 gigabytes a second.

Transmission:
3G uses both circuit and packet transmission, but 4G uses only packet transmission.

Bandwidth:
For 3G :5-20 MHz For 4G :100 MHz (or more)

Frequency Band :
Dependent on country or continent For 3G :1800 2400 MHz For 4G : 2-8 GHz

Speeds :
For 3G :384 Kbps to 2 Mbps For 4G :20 to 100 Mbps in mobile mode

Network architecture:
For 3G is Wide Area Network and for 4G Hybrid Network

Component Design:
For 3G : Optimized antenna design, multi-band adapters . For 4G :Smarter Antennas, software multiband and wideband radios

As per the mobile users, they are waiting for a change in the mobile world as they are facing issues in data rates in 3G and most of the users are waiting for 4G because of higher speeds and data rates.