INTRODUCTION TO

ARDUINO

College Of Engineering Attingal

The word Arduino can mean 3 things

A physical piece of hardware

A programming environment

A community & philosophy

ie Forums & examples

College Of Engineering Attingal

What is Arduino?
Arduino is an open-source physical computing platform . based on a simple i/o board and a development environment that implements the Processing / Wiring language. Arduino can be used to develop stand-alone interactive objects or can be connected to software on your computer. ( www.arduino.cc)

College Of Engineering Attingal

Arduino Hardware

College Of Engineering Attingal

HARDWARE
Arduino board consists of an 8-bit Atmel AVR microcontroller.

Arduinos use the megaAVR series of chips(ATmega8 ,ATmega168 ,ATmega328 , and ATmega1280) 5 volt linear regulator 16 MHz crystal oscillator. Serial Arduinos are programmed over an RS-232 serial connection. USB Arduinos include an inverter circuit (FTDI FT232) to convert between RS-232-level and TTL-level signals and viceversa.

College Of Engineering Attingal

DIFFERENT FLAVOURS
There are many versions of Arduino board. versions differ by size, Microcontroller, etc Arduino Duemilanove, which is the simplest one to use and the best one for learning on.
Arduino Processor Flash KiB 16 16/32 32 128 256 32 EEPROM KiB 0.5 0.5/1 1 4 4 1 SRAM KiB 1 1/2 2 8 8 2 Digital I/O pins 14 14 14 54 54 14 ...with PWM 6 6 6 14 14 6 Analog input pins 6 6 6 16 16 8 USB Dimension Dimension Interface s s type inches mm FTDI FTDI 2.7" x 2.1" 2.7" x 2.1"

Diecimila

ATmega16 8

68.6mm x 53.3mm
68.6mm x 53.3mm

Duemilano ATmega16 ve 8/328P Uno Mega Mega2560 Fio ATmega32 8P ATmega12 80 ATmega25 60 ATmega32 8P ATmega16 8 or ATmega32 8 ATmega16 8V or ATmega32 8V

ATmega8U 68.6mm x 2.7" x 2.1" 2 53.3mm FTDI 4" x 2.1" 101.6mm x 53.3mm 101.6mm x 53.3mm 40.6mm x 27.9mm 43mm x 18mm

ATmega8U 4" x 2.1" 2 None 1.6" x 1.1"

Nano

16/32

0.5/1

1/2

14

FTDI

1.70" x 0.73"

LilyPad

16

0.5

14

6 6 None College Of Engineering Attingal

2"

50mm

MEGA

LILYPAD

MINI

NANO 43mm x 18mm

College Of Engineering Attingal

Boards are fully or almost fully compatible with both the Arduino hardware and software, including being able to accept "shields". But differ on features and HW Few examples The 'TwentyTen' is an Arduino-compatible microcontroller board, based on the Duemilanove, with some improvements, including a prototyping area, rearranged LEDs, mini-USB connector, and altered pin 13 circuitry

Arduino footprint-compatible boards

The 'Illuminato Genesis', a board that uses an ATmega644 instead of an ATmega168. This provides 64 kB of flash, 4 kB of RAM and 42 general I/O pins

College Of Engineering Attingal

Printed circuit boards that sit atop an Arduino. These are expansions to the base Arduino.

Shields

Plug into the normally supplied pin-headers of Arduino . For example: Arduino Ethernet Shield,XBee Shield,TouchShield etc

College Of Engineering Attingal

Software
Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for programming.
(Is a special program running on your computer that allows you to write sketches(programs) for the Arduino board in a simple language ) The Arduino IDE is a cross-

platform application The language itself is based in C Like a text editor code editor with features such as syntax highlighting, brace matching View/write/edit sketches Verify the program by compiling Then upload/burn program into Arduino board. IDE Details coming soon in next classes
College Of Engineering Attingal

Arduino Philosophy & Community

Open Source Physical Computing Platform

open source hardware open source: free to inspect & modify physical computing. err, what? ubiquitous computing, smart objects... Community-built Examples wiki (the playground) editable by anyone Forums with lots of helpful people

College Of Engineering Attingal

Why Arduino?

It is Open Source, both in terms of Hardware and Software.

It is cheap, the hardware can be built from components or a prefab board can be purchased for approx 1000 rs It can communicate with a computer via serial connection over USB /Bluetooth. It can be powered from USB or standalone DC power.
College Of Engineering Attingal

Why Arduino?

It can run standalone from a computer (chip is programmable) and it has memory (a small amount).
It can work with both Digital and Analogue electronic signals. Sensors and Actuators. You can make cool stuff! Some people are even making simple robots, and we all know robots are just cool.
College Of Engineering Attingal