Code No: 64228/MT

NR
M.Tech. – II Semester Regular Examinations, September, 2008

MICROWAVE COMMUNICATIONS
(Wireless & Mobile Communication)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks:60

Answer any FIVE questions

All questions carry equal marks
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1.a) With reference to FM Microwave stations, explain the following:

i) WLEL ii) FM-IF Section
b) Explain the significance of the term “System Gain”, and account
for the different parameters on which it will depend. Hence
calculate the path loss and fade margin for a microwave radio
system at 1.8 GHz and 30 km, with 99% reliability.

2.a) Compare the merits and demerits of analog and digital radio link
systems, in detail.
b) Calculate the received signal level and the necessary antenna
gains, for an LOS digital radio link at 10 GHz, with 20 km single
Eb
hop, 90 Mbps data rate, =15dB, fade margin=40 dB, and
No
receiver noise figure of 6 dB. Assume a transmitter power of 10
watts, and a line loss of 1 dB at each end, and identical antennas.

3.a) Distinguish between Multipath fading and Power fading, and

account for the utility of different diversity systems.
b) List out the parameters and the operational features in
establishing a frequency usage plan.

4.a) Describe the trophosheric scatter phenomenon and the process of

troposcatter communications, and establish the link equation for
the path loss involved, as compared to Los case.
b) Explain the significance of the terms: “Attenuation function”, and
“Take of Angle” in the estimation of troposcatter link loss.

Contd…2.,
Code No: 64228/MT ::2::

5.a) For a 4/6 GHz synchronous satellite link, estimate the path losses
in both links. If the satellite’s EIRP is 30 dbW, find the FM
Threshold, receiving antenna gain, G/T ratio and the value of T, for
a receiver with 8 dB noise figure, 4 MHz bandwidth.
b) Explain the significance of G/T and C/T ratios, accounting for the
different noise components present. Calculate the C/T ratio for the
above case.

6.a) Compare the requirements, merits and demerits of FDMA and

TDMA systems, Explain which is better suited for digital
transmission, and why?
b) Explain the concepts of CDMA, and hence describe the principles
of operation of FH-SS transmission.

7.a) List out the requirements and the characteristic features of

practical antennas used in LOS applications. Give representative
numerical values wherever necessary.
b) Comment on the choices of plane and curved reflector antennas for
microwave links. Hence compare the performances of a 10 ft.
Paraboloid and a 10 ft x 10 ft. plane reflector, at 10 GHz.

8.a) Explain the special features of transmission at millimeter

wavelengths, and account for the changes in free space path
calculations, compared to those at 1-10 GHz.
b) Write short notes on:
i) Rain attenuation and hop distance for mm wave link.
ii) ALOHA system and its merits.

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