Code No: 62236/MT

NR
M.Tech. – II Semester Regular Examinations, September, 2008

HYDEL POWER ENGINEERING

(Power Engineering & Energy SYSTEMS)

Time: 3hours Max. Marks:60

Answer any FIVE questions

All questions carry equal marks
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1.a) Explain
(i) Storage and Pondage
(ii) Firm Power and secondary Power
(iii) Load factor and Capacity factor.
b) Explain load study and estimation.
c) What is Load duration curve. Explain.

2.a) Explain the salient feactures of run – of – river plants and stroage
plants.
b) Discuss various classifications of hydropower plants.

3.a) Discuss the general arrangement for a hydropower project in

detail. Draw a neat sketch.
b) Describe the design specifications for intakes.
c) Explain the stability of surge tanks.

4.a) Show that the efficiency of a free jet striking normally as series of
flat plates mounted on the periphery of a wheel never exceeds 50%.
b) A jet of water moving at 15m/sec impinges on a symetrical
concave vane shaped to deflect the jet through 400. If the vane is
moving at 6m/sec, find the angle of the jet so that there is no
shock at inlet. Also determine the absolute velocity of exit in
magnitude and direction and the work done per unit weight of
water.

5.a) Draw a neat sketch of a pelton wheel installation and briefly

indicate the functions of each component.
b) The following data refers to a pelton wheel. Net head = 250m; Speed
Ratio = 0.45, Nozzle coefficient 0.98; Jet Ratio 18; Over all
efficiency = 76%, Frenquency of generation = 50 hz and pairs of
poles of alternator = 6. Compute wheel diameter, jet diameter and
power output is kw.
6.a) Describe the points of distinction between impluse and reaction
turbines.
b) Determine the speed, specific speed and diameter of a kalpan
turbine to develop 5500 kw of power under a head of 8m. Assume
speed Ratio = 2.2; flow ratio = 0.7, ratio of loss to runner diameters
is 0.34 and overall efficiency = 85%. If the hydraulic efficiency is
92%, determine guide vane angle and runner vane angle at outer
rim of runner wheel.

7.a) Explain different similarities in detail. Also explain similarity

considerations of model and prototype turbines.
b) A prototype Francis turbine develops 40000 MHP under a head of
240 m. Its speed is 500 rpm . Find a suitable model scale if the
available discharge is 150 lps under a head of 30 m. Assuming an
overall efficiency of 88%, determine the speed and power of the
model.

8. Write short notes on:

(i) Under ground power houses – safety requirements
(ii) Water hammer problems
(iii) Forebay
(iv) Governing of turbines.

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