NURSING MNEMONICS 2

COMPILED BY : EMMANUEL D. CUNA

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The HYPERKALEMIA "Machine" - Causes of Increased Serum K+

M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS

A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory

C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury

H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis

I - Intake - Excesssive

N - Nephrons, renal failure

E - Excretion - Impaired

MURDER

Signs and Symptoms of Increased Serum K+

• M - Muscle weakness

• U - Urine, oliguria, anuria

• R- Respiratory distress

• D - Decreased cardiac contractility

• E - ECG changes
 • R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid)

HYPERNATREMIA
"You Are Fried"

F - Fever (low grade), flushed skin

R - Restless (irritable)

I - Increased fluid retention and increased BP

E - Edema (peripheral and pitting)

D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth

Can also use this one:

SALT

S = Skin flushed

A = Agitation

L = Low-grade fever

T = Thirst

"CATS" of "HYPOCALCEMIA"
C - Convulsions

A- Arrhythmias

T - Tetany

S - Spasms and stridor

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