ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOUR

UNIT - 1

Concept and Meaning

Organization Behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people act within an organization. The organizational structure has a significant place in shaping the behavior of people. The behavior of people at work depends on numerous factors such as technology, structure, group and social set up.

There are as many definitions about organizational behavior as there are authors on the subject. subject. O.B. is the study of human behavior in organizations. organizations. Knowledge about human behavior would be useful in improving an , organizations effectiveness. effectiveness. Organizational Behavior is the study of organizational components and their impact on human behavior and organizational performance. performance.

Fundamental Concepts:Concepts:Coming to Organizational behavior, the basic assumptions distinct to the discipline areareThere are differences between individuals. A whole person. Behavior of an individual is caused. An individual has dignity. Organization is social system. Mutual of interest among organizational members. Holistic Organizational behavior.

Goals of Organizational Behavior

Prediction Explanation

Control

Key elements in OB
Task and Technology

Organizational design

Individuals Environment

Groups

Features of Organizational Behavior

Individual Work in organization to satisfy their needs, ego and experiences. Depends upon psychology and sociology etc. Study of these factors help management to mould and modify the behavior of employees for achieving organizational objective. Group Formal and informal, small and large etc . Synergy is observed Study of anthropology and sociology is helpful.

Structure Formal relationships of people. Hierarchy for effectively coordinated and controlled On the basis of formalized policies, procedures, authority and responsibility. Technology Significant influence on work A way to get satisfaction at work Interpersonal roles, informational roles and managerial functions are improved with the use of technology

Environment Internal and external environment Influence the work behavior, relationships and use of authority and responsibility

Foundations
Psychology Sociology Anthropology Political Behavior: principles for delegation of authority and responsibility. Economics: wage rate, working hours, and working conditions Science: scientific method Research: job satisfaction, productivity, stress etc.

Contributing disciplines of OB
Psychology Sociology Anthropology Social psychology

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (contd)

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (contd)

Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field (contd)

APPROACHES OF OB
1- Human relations approach= Study behavior to improve human relations as the task in the organization is interdependent. 2- Result oriented (productivity) approach= Study behavior to ensure, maintain and improve productivity. 3- System approach= Because every part of the organization works as a part of the system 4- Contingency approach= Every thing is situational so the behavior is also dynamic and requires study.

LIMITATIONS OF OB
1- Unethical manipulation of people 2- Seeking quick fixes 3- Law of diminishing returns 4- Varying environment 5- No single definition 6- Behavioral bias

MODELS OF OB
Autocratic model works on the principle of Authority (power) Custodial model concentrates on economic Resources Supportive model based on leadership Collegial model on partnership (team work) System model trust and community

Behavior process
Environmental Factor Individual Dimensions

Organizational Design and Process

Job design Group and Inter Group Dimension Motivation Reward system

leadership

Organizational Change and Development

Performance