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Representación del indígena en el cine venezolano de fcción.
Arraza Camro, emprariz.FeRMentUM
Mérida - Venezuela - ISSN 0798-3069 - AÑO 20 - Nº 57 - ENERO - ABRIL 2010 - 130-150
Abstract
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ REPRESENTATION IN THE VENEZUELAN FICTIONAL CINEMA
The purpose of this paper is to know the image of the indigenouscommunities in the Venezuelan cinema between 1968 and 1998, in order to
precise the representation of these ethnics groups since the denition of “national
identity” in contemporary Venezuela, especially since the indigenous people’sstruggles for their cultural and ethnic survival and their self-determination. It is
important to remember that at the beginning of Rafael Caldera’s rst period inofce (1969-1974), it was implemented in the country a “new indigenous policy”,
in the midst of the economic developist model applied for this government,named the South conquest, which also allowed a new ethnographic and socio-anthropological approach to the indigenous communities, from different
lmmakers formed in Venezuela and overseas. This paper presents a preliminary lm inventory of this lmography and then an analysis of a representative sampleof the Venezuelan ctional cinema that portrays the indigenous peoples, in
order to know the representation of this population in the current Venezuelan
“audiovisual imagery”. The analized lms are Cubagua (Michael New, 1987),Jericó (Luis Alberto Lamata, 1991), and En Territorio Extranjero (Jacobo Penzo,1993). In general, these lms made by non indigenous lmmakers show a
romantic image of these ethnic groups.
Ky wrds
: indigenous cinema, indigenous peoples’ representation,Venezuela.
1. Introducción
En este artículo se presenta un inventario preliminar de las películassobre temática indígena realizadas en Venezuela desde 1968 hasta1998. Es importante recordar que en 1968, durante el primer gobiernode Rafael Caldera (1969-1974), se inició en el país una “nueva políticaindigenista” dentro del modelo económico desarrollista implantado por este gobierno, que se denominó
la conquista del Sur
, que a su vez
permitió una mayor aproximación etnográca y socioantropólogica
a las comunidades indígenas, por parte de diversos investigadores,antropólogos, sociólogos y cineastas formados en Venezuela y elexterior.
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