Tuesday, July 26, 2011

()

()

() ()


demokratia demos (people) kratos (rule) democratie
democracy

classical democracy, developmental republicanism, protective republicanism,
protective democracy, legal democracy, developmental democracy, liberal democracy, direct democracy, participatory

democracy, cosmopolitan democracy, competitive elitist democracy, social democracy

democrat

() (democratization)

(partial democracy) (authoritarianism)

Political liberalization

(ease of repression)

(democratic consolidation)

political liberalization democratic consolidation

liberalization abort ()

political liberalization political space

(Democratic Consolidation)
political liberalization
evolution

(Initial Transition)

Initial Transition

(interim government) democratic consolidation

revolution (revolution)

Initial Transition

Initial Transition
Initial Transition () (authoritarian breakdown)
Initial transition
interim period

Shain Lintz

() (Opposition-led interim government)

total rejections
() ()

()

() (power-sharing interim governments)

() ()

nominate

people power movement

()
(incumbent- led caretaker governments)

incumbent de Klerk government
() power-sharing coalition

() (international interim governments)
()
()

 (-) (-)
()

Humanitarian intervention

democratic consolidation Long-term
effects autonomous development political and economic challenges costs
benefits weighted benefits costs exceed

Humanitarian Intervention


Initial Transition

()

Initial Transition

Initial Transition
Political liberalization

Political liberalization Initial Transition

() Initial Transition

Initial Transition
Initial Transition

Initial Transition ()
(authoritarian breakdown)

civil liberties Political

liberalization

democratic consolidation
partial democracy

liberalization abort

Political liberalization
Political Liberalization
Political Liberalization civil liberties (ease of
repression)
(authoritarian elections)

democratic consolidation
political liberalization initial transition Initial transition

(Democratization) political liberalization

Holger Schlumberger
political liberalization (end result)


political liberalization
(Democratic consolidation)

liberalization authoritarian

end result

Pool Political Liberalization

Monshipouri Political Liberalization political liberalization

political liberalization


Monshipouri

Political Liberalization political liberalization

civil liberties expansion of public space

political liberalization

political liberalization

political liberalization () political

liberalization

political actors

hardliners softliners
opportunists, moderates radicals

Hardliners softliners
opportunists

moderates

radicals compromise
political
liberalization softliners moderates

(intra-regime factionalism)
intra-military factionalism
degradation of military institution political liberalization
political liberalization

paradox of success



political liberalization

paradox of success paradox of success

political liberalization

political liberalization
political liberalization

dead end

political realities


political liberalization public space
moderates political liberalization democratic

consolidation obstacles obstacles

Political liberalization
political deliberalization
() Civil Society
political liberalization civil society

active civil society

()
state society buffer zone

political liberalization civil society

civil society

international legitimacy

public space (national security

concerns) civil society

political liberalization
obstacles

()

"patrimonialism"


"patrimonialism"

"patrimonialism"

"patrimonialism"

inherent logic of strong civil society civil society

political liberalization

political liberalization

()

political liberalization

political liberalization

Sadet
macro-economic arrangements

political liberalization

political liberalization




political liberalization political liberalization

economic liberalization

Transition-induced
contraction supplier-buyer
relationship
liberalization of internal markets,

liberalization of external markets, privatization and restructuring

shock therapy gradual reform strategy

political liberalization


liberalization economic growth positive
relationship economic reform adverse effects

economic growth positive

political liberalization economic liberalization negative marginal

effects

economic reform adverse effects

backlash

political liberalization

Political liberalization Political

liberalization

Wednesday, August 10, 2011

political liberalization political liberalization

() Initial Transition
()

() Political Liberalization
political space

() Political Liberalization democratic consolidation initial transition

democratic consolidation civil society

civil society

()

() Initial transition
political liberalization

() political liberalization

political liberalization political space

Initial transition

initial transition
political liberalization political space

political liberalization public space

initial transition

civil society

 Civil Society
evolution
(collaboration) Civil Society

(Mediation) Civil

Society autonomous model Civil Society

revolution
(confrontational model) Civil Society

revolution evolution Initial Transition

political liberalization

initial transition political
liberalization political space political

liberalization initial transition compromise

initial
transition

political liberalization political space

initial transition political liberalization

( )
( ()-

initial transition
political liberalization
initial transition

()

()-
( ) )

ABDELNASSER, Gamal. (2004): Egypt: Succession Politics, Volker Perthes (ed.), Arab Elites: Negotiating the Politics of
Change, (ed.), Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Alesina, Alberto, and Allan Drazen (1991), Why Are Stabilizations Delayed? American Economic Review 81 (5), 1170-1188.

Anderson, Lisa. (1999). Transitions to Democracy. New York: Columbia University Press.

Avant, Deborah. (1994) Political Institutions and Military Change: Lessons from Peripheral Wars. Ithaca, NY: Cornell
University Press

Brownlee, Jason. (2007). Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization. New York, NY:

Cambridge University Press.

Barro, Robert J. (1996), Democracy and Growth, Journal of Economic Growth 1 (1), 1-27.

Campos, Nauro (1999), Back to the Future: The Growth Prospects of Transition Economies
Reconsidered, William Davidson Institute Working Paper No. 229, Ann Arbor, MI.

Denizer, Cevdet (1997), Stabilization, Adjustment and Growth Prospects in Transition Economies, Policy Research Working
Paper No. 1855, The World Bank, Washington, DC.

CHASE, Robert S.; HILL, Emily B. ve KENNEDY, Paul (1996): Pivotal States and U.S. Strategy, Foreign Affairs, 75: 33-51.

Finer, Samuel. (1962). The Man on Horseback: The Role of the Military in Politics. New York, NY: Penguin Books.

Fitch, J. Samuel. (1998). The Armed Forces and Democracy in Latin America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

GALA, Amin A. (1995): Egypt's Economic Predicament: A Study in the Interaction of External Pressure, Political Folly and
Social Tension in Egypt. 1960-1990. New York, E. J. Brill.

Heybey, Berta, and Peter Murrel (1999), The Relationship between Economic Growth and the Speed of Liberalization During
Transition, Journal of Policy Reform 3 (2), 121-137.

Halpern, Manfred. 1963. The Politics of Social Change in the Middle East and North Africa. Princeton: Princeton University
Press.

KRAMER, Gudrun (1996): The Integration of the Integrists, Ghassan Salame (ed.), Democracy without Democrats, London,
New York, I.B. Tauris.

LINZ, Juan J. ve STEPAN, Alfred (1996): Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation, Southern Europe, South
America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Lipset, S.M. (1959), Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy, American
Political Science Review 53, 69-105.

Monshipouri, Mahmood. (1995) Democratization, Liberalization and Human Rights in the Third World. London: Lynne Rienner
Publishers

Parry, Geraint and Moran, Micheal, eds. (1994) Democracy and Democratization. New York: Routledge

Przeworski, Adam, and Fernando Limongi (1993), Political Regimes and Economic Growth, Journal of Economic Perspectives
7 (3), 51-69.

Rodrik, Dani (1995), The Dynamics of Political Support for Reforms in Economies in Transition, Journal of the Japanese and
International Economies 9 (4), 403-425.

Shleifer, Andrei (1998), Government in Transition, European Economic Review 41 (3-5),

385-410.

Wolff, Holger C. (1999), Transition Strategies: Choices and Outcomes, Princeton Studies in International Finance No. 85
(June), Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ.

http://khinmamamyo.blogspot.com