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Poultry Diseases and TheirTreatment
ByPaul McMullinM.Abubakar.Tahir M.Sc.(Hons) Animal NutritionUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad
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Amyloidosis
Introduction
A Coronavirus infection of chickens with a morbidity of 50-100% and a mortality 0-25%,depending on secondary infections. Infection is via theconjunctiva or upper respiratory tractwith an incubation period of 18-36 hours. The infection spreads rapidly by contact, fomitesor aerosol. Some birds/viral strains can be carriers for up to 1 year. The virus, which maysurvive 4 weeks in premises, is sensitive to solvents, heat (56°C for 15 mins), alkalis,disinfectants (Formal 1% for 3 mins). Poor ventilation and high density are predisposingfactors.
Signs
Sudden death.
Muscular shivering.
Otherwise as for standard IB.
Post-mortem lesions
Oedema ofpectoral muscles and subcutaneously on abdomen, lesions progress tonecrosis and scarring of deep pectorals in convalescence.
In layers the ovules may be intensely congested.
Other lesions of 'classical' IB may be encountered.
Diagnosis
3-5 passages in CEallantoic cavity, HA-, typical lesions, FA, ciliostatic in tracheal organculture, cell culture (Vero, CK) only after adaptation Serology: HI, Elisa (both groupspecific), SN (type specific), DID (poor sensitivity, short duration, group specific).
Treatment
Sodium salicylate 1gm/litre (acute phase) where permitted-antibiotics to control secondarycolibacillosis (q.v.).
Prevention
Live vaccines of appropriate sero-type and attenuation, possible reactions depending onvirulence and particle size.
M.Abubakar.Tahir
M.Abubakar.Tahir
M.Abubakar.Tahir
M.Abubakar.Tahir
M.Abubakar.Tahir
M.Abubakar.Tahir
M.Abubakar.Tahir
3
Anatipestifer Disease, New Duck Syndrome, DuckSepicaemia
Introduction
An acute or chronic septicaemic disease caused by
Riemerella anatipestifer
, syn
Pasteurella
,or
Moraxella
a. It affects ducks of any age, sometimes turkeys, and may also be isolatedfrom chickens, game birds and wild waterfowl. Mortality is 2-75% in young ducks.Transmission is mainly direct, bird-to-bird, via toenail scratches, especially of the ducklingfoot, or through respiratory epithelium during respiratory disease. It can alsobe by faecalcontamination of feed, water or the environment where survival of the infectious agent maybe prolonged. Adverse environmental conditions and pre-existing disease are predisposingfactors.
Signs
Weakness.
Neck tucked in.
Head/neck tremor.
Ataxia.
Disinclined to walk.
Incoordination.
Dyspnoea.
Ocular and/or nasal discharge.
Hyperexcitability
Post-mortem lesions
Perihepatitis without much smell or liver damage.
Pericarditis.
Airsacculitis.
Enlarged liver and spleen.
Occasionally fibrinousmeningitis.
Salpingitis
Purulent synovitis.
Chronic arthritis, sometimes with erosions of the joint cartilage.
Diagnosis
Lesions, isolation and identification of organism-blood or chocolate agar in candle jar or5% CO
2
. Differentiate from duck viral enteritis, duck viral hepatitis, fowl cholera,colibacillosis, coccidiosis, chlamydiosis.
Treatment
Sulphonamides and potentiated sulphonamides are the products most commonlyrecommended for drinking water application. Subcutaneous injections of penicillin +dihydrostreptomycin, or streptomycin + dihydrostreptomycin are also highly effective.
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It deals with the disease diagnosis in poultry along with their treatment in a simple but infomative way..
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