Foreword: Ranciere's Revisionism
Hayden White
This long "essay" on the political, scientific, and literary status
of
histori-cal discourse was originally developed for presentation in a lecture seriesat Cornell University on "the politics
of
writing." In it Jacques Ranciere
is
concerned with the politics
of
historical study and writing, the ways inwhich historians conceptualize, speak, write about, and
in
writing about,effectively constitute
in
politicallysignificantways that"history"which
is,supposedly,their common object
of
study. In other words, this
is
not astudy
of
"history" understood as "the past"
in
which certain kinds
of
events
occurred-although
it offers very strong views on the nature
ofthis
"past." It is, rather, a meditation on "historical discourse," the ways inwhich wespeakabout this past and the ways in which it speaks, fails to
'\0
speak,
oris
prohibited from speaking to us. The original title
of
Ranciere'sbook was
Les'Motsde l'histoire
(The words
of
history). I have a copy
of
the first edition, which I boughtinParis in November 1992, before me
as
Iwrite this foreword. But, I am informed, the title was changed in the sec-ond printing to
Les Noms de l'histoire.
That's too bad. I prefer the original
,
title, with its echoes not only
of
Sartre's autobiography
(Les Mots)
but also
of
Foucault's great study
of
the modes
of
Western knowledge production
(Les Mots et les choses).
By "les mots" Ranciere designates all the"words" that comprise the documentary evidence on which historians base
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