Welding Inspector

Welding Symbols Section 8

4/23/2007

Weld symbols on drawings

Advantages of symbolic representation:
simple and quick plotting on the drawing does not over-burden the drawing overno need for additional view gives all necessary indications regarding the specific joint to be obtained

Disadvantages of symbolic representation:

used only for usual joints requires training for properly understanding of symbols
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Weld symbols on drawings

The symbolic representation includes:
an arrow line a reference line an elementary symbol

The elementary symbol may be completed by:

a supplementary symbol a means of showing dimensions some complementary indications
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Dimensions
Convention of dimensions
In most standards the cross sectional dimensions are given to the left side of the symbol, and all linear dimensions are give on the right side

BS EN ISO 22553
a = Design throat thickness s = Depth of Penetration, Throat thickness z = Leg length (min material thickness)

AWS A2.4
In a fillet weld, the size of the weld is the leg length In a butt weld, the size of the weld is based on the depth of the joint preparation

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Weld symbols on drawings

A method of transferring information from the design office to the workshop is:
Please weld here

The above information does not tell us much about the wishes of the designer. We obviously need some sort of code which would be understood by everyone. Most countries have their own standards for symbols. Some of them are AWS A2.4 & BS EN 22553 (ISO 2553)

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Weld symbols on drawings

Joints in drawings may be indicated: by detailed sketches, showing every dimension

by symbolic representation

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Elementary Welding Symbols

(BS EN ISO 22553 & AWS A2.4)

Convention of the elementary symbols:

Various categories of joints are characterised by an elementary symbol. The vertical line in the symbols for a fillet weld, single/double bevel butts and a J-butt welds must always be on the left side. J-

Weld type
Square edge butt weld SingleSingle-v butt weld
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Sketch

Symbol

Elementary Welding Symbols

Weld type
SingleSingle-V butt weld with broad root face Single bevel butt weld Single bevel butt weld with broad root face Backing run
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Sketch

Symbol

Elementary Welding Symbols

Weld type
SingleSingle-U butt weld SingleSingle-J butt weld Surfacing

Sketch

Symbol

Fillet weld
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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

Plug weld

Square Butt weld

Resistance spot weld

Steep flanked Single-V Butt

Resistance seam weld

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Surfacing

Arrow Line
(BS EN ISO 22553 & AWS A2.4): Convention of the arrow line:
Shall touch the joint intersection Shall not be parallel to the drawing Shall point towards a single plate preparation (when only one plate has preparation)

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Reference Line
(AWS A2.4) Convention of the reference line:
Shall touch the arrow line Shall be parallel to the bottom of the drawing

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Reference Line
(BS EN ISO 22553) Convention of the reference line:
Shall touch the arrow line Shall be parallel to the bottom of the drawing There shall be a further broken identification line above or beneath the reference line (Not necessary where the weld is symmetrical!)

or

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Double side weld symbols

(BS EN ISO 22553 & AWS A2.4) Convention of the double side weld symbols:
Representation of welds done from both sides of the joint intersection, touched by the arrow head

Fillet weld

Double bevel

Double J

Double V

Double U

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

Reference lines Arrow line Other side Arrow side

Arrow side

Other side

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

MR M

SingleSingle-V Butt with permanent backing strip

SingleSingle-U Butt with removable backing strip

SingleSingle-V Butt flush cap

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SingleSingle-U Butt with sealing run

ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

SingleSingle-bevel butt

Double-bevel butt Double-

SingleSingle-bevel butt
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SingleSingle-J butt

ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

s10

10

15

Partial penetration single-V butt singleS indicates the depth of penetration

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

a = Design throat thickness s = Depth of Penetration, Throat thickness z = Leg length(min material thickness) a = (0.7 x z)

z z6
6mm leg

a s

a4
4mm Design throat

s6
6mm Actual throat

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

Arrow side

Arrow side

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

s6

6mm fillet weld

Other side

s6

Other side

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

n = number of weld elements l = length of each weld element (e) = distance between each weld element

n x l (e)
Welds to be staggered

2 x 40 (50) 3 x 40 (50)

111
Process

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

All dimensions in mm
z5 z6
5 5 80 80 80

3 x 80 (90) 3 x 80 (90)

6 6

90

90

90

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

All dimensions in mm
z8 z6
6 6 8 8 90 90 80 80

3 x 80 (90) 3 x 80 (90) 90)

80

90

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Supplementary symbols
(BS EN ISO 22553 & AWS A2.4) Convention of supplementary symbols
Supplementary information such as welding process, weld profile, NDT and any special instructions Toes to be ground smoothly (BS EN only)

Site Weld

Concave or Convex Weld all round

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Supplementary symbols
(BS EN ISO 22553 & AWS A2.4) Convention of supplementary symbols
Supplementary information such as welding process, weld profile, NDT and any special instructions
Ground flush

MR
Removable backing strip

M
Permanent backing strip

111
Welding process numerical BS EN

Further supplementary information, such as WPS number, or NDT may be placed in the fish tail
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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

a b

c
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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

Mitre

Convex

Concave

Toes shall be blended

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

a = Design throat thickness s = Depth of Penetration, Throat thickness z = Leg length(min material thickness) a = (0.7 x z)

z z6
6mm leg

a s

a4
4mm Design throat

s6
6mm Actual throat

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553 Complimentary Symbols

Field weld (site weld)

Welding to be carried out all round component (peripheral weld)

NDT The component requires NDT inspection

WPS Additional information, the reference document is included in the box

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ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553

Numerical Values for Welding Processes:
111: 121: 131: 135: 136: 141: 311: 72: 15:
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MMA welding with covered electrode SubSub-arc welding with wire electrode MIG welding with inert gas shield MAG welding with non-inert gas shield nonFlux core arc welding TIG welding OxyOxy-acetylene welding ElectroElectro-slag welding Plasma arc welding

AWS A2.4 Welding Symbols

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AWS Welding Symbols

Depth of Bevel 1 (1-1/8) (11/8 60o

Root Opening

Effective Throat

Groove Angle

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AWS Welding Symbols

Welding Process

GSFCAW 1 (1-1/8) (11/8 60o

GMAW GTAW SAW

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AWS Welding Symbols

Welds to be staggered

3 10 3 10
3
SMAW Process

10
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AWS Welding Symbols

Sequence of Operations 3rd Operation 2nd Operation 1st Operation
1(1-1/8) 1/8 60o

FCAW

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AWS Welding Symbols

Sequence of Operations RT MT MT
1(1-1/8)

FCAW
1/8 60o

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AWS Welding Symbols

Dimensions- Leg Length

6 leg on member A 6/8

Member A

6 8

Member B
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AWS A 2.4 rules

Welds on arrow side of joint go underneath the on reference line while welds the other side of the joint, go the on top of the reference line Symbols with a vertical line component must be drawn with the vertical line to the left side of the symbol All CSA dimensions are shown to the left of the symbol All linear dimensions are shown on the right of the symbol i.e. number of welds, length of welds, length of any spaces Included angle and root opening are shown on top of the symbol
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AWS A 2.4 rules-example

10

3 x 50 (70)

70 50 10
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Fillet welds
Fillet weld dimensions according AWS A 2.4

8
8

5x8
5 8

5 leg on vertical member

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Intermittent fillet welds

Chain intermittent fillet weld
pitch (e) length (l) z

z z

l-e l-e

Symbol to AWS A2.4

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Intermittent fillet welds

Staggered intermittent fillet weld
pitch (e) e/2 e/2 length (l)

z z

l-e l-e

Symbol to AWS A2.4

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