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TECHNOLOGY’S ROLEIN EDUCATION REFORM
Findings from a National Study of Innovating Schools
September 1995Prepared for:Office of Educational Research and ImprovementU.S. Department of Education
This report was prepared by SRI International under ED Contract No. RR 91172010, part of the Studies of EducationReform Program, supported by the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement.The opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the U.S. Department ofEducation, and no official endorsement should be inferred.
 
TECHNOLOGY’S ROLEIN EDUCATION REFORM
Findings from a National Study of Innovating Schools
September 1995Prepared for:Office of Educational Research and ImprovementU.S. Department of EducationWashington, DC 20202Prepared by:Barbara MeansKerry Olson
With the assistance of:Joan Ruskus, Edys Quellmalz, Teresa Middleton, and Katie Ann KaattariSRI InternationalCatherine Cobb Morocco, Arlene R. Remz, and Judith ZorfassEducation Development CenterSRI Project 2882ED Contract No. RR 91172010
 
CONTENTS
AcknowledgmentsExhibits.................................................................................................................. ivFigures .................................................................................................................. ivTables.................................................................................................................... ivEXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................... S-1The Vision: Technology-Supported Constructivist Classrooms ................... S-1Effects of Using Technology......................................................................... S-2Implementation Lessons............................................................................... S-3Policy Implications........................................................................................ S-51. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1Study Aims.................................................................................................... 2Conceptual Framework: Educational Reform Through Project-BasedLearning.................................................................................................... 3Study Questions: How Technology and Reform Fit Together...................... 52. REVIEW OF LITERATURE.............................................................................. 7Technologies for Learning............................................................................ 7Support for Student Learning Activities......................................................... 9Realistic, Complex Environments for Inquiry........................................... 10Information and Tools to Support Investigation....................................... 12Classroom Links for Joint Investigation................................................... 14Supports for Teachers.................................................................................. 16Tools for Developing and Tailoring Instructional Materials...................... 16Supports for Ongoing Assessment ......................................................... 17Opportunities to Share and Expand Teacher Knowledge....................... 19Supports for Communication with Parents.............................................. 20Challenges for Teachers Using Technology................................................. 20Learning How to Use a Variety of Technology Options........................... 21Using, Adapting, and Designing Technology-Enhanced Curricula.......... 21Expanding Content Knowledge............................................................... 22Effects on Student Achievement................................................................... 23“Horse Race” Studies.............................................................................. 23Limitations of the “Horse Race” Paradigm .............................................. 25Contextualized Research........................................................................ 26
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