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The designations employed and the presentation o the material in this guide do not implythe expression o any opinion whatsoever on the part o the Secretariat o the UnitedNations concerning the legal status o any country, territory, city or area o its authorities,or concerning the delimitation o its rontiers or boundaries.Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily refect those o the United NationsHuman Settlements Programme, the United Nations, or its Member States.Excerpts may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source isindicated.HS Number: HS/097/11EISBN Number:(Volume) 978-92-1-132388-7 Cover design and layout: Jinita Shah/UNONCover photos: Istanbul, Turkey© Cihan Uzuncarsili Baysal