You are on page 1of 57

GilGl.

J ~ u5I eEl U
~~GtJ6l1rT

611 rT:

yJ[JITUl~®~w;m
UlID)GtJlTI.j~r'r,

UlLW

Gilffru~(Q1)1-4

{
© Y1[J17LD~(!!j~6W UlLW, Gilffru~ro ~rfJ ~ us U LJ ~ GI.J Giluif>!Dt!iJ
j

U~ULJ~1T
bT~!D G'l.!Frr6i>G'0161.J8; aa;LL@/LGWC:QJ a;rr@t.b, a;rrLllI-GU 6lIrr@w c!ptffiJiQlJtT a;@5w [DiD~ tffimwGl1)6i> bT@6lJ/M @UJGUaU. 6lIrry>8;~a;u5Ifu 9® ~{6IUt51LLtffi~6I.J t6i6i>, 9® ~{6IUt5ILL @L:!hi/6i> {j)®UU6lJrT a;ea;aa; a6llf£,rr{iJ~ aa;rrLurr(j)la;mr;rru t.5!WU[b!D C!PllI-ILjW,~f£,rr6ll!!;J ~ ruG'01a;fii ~ !D{iJ~ , a; rr(j)l Gl.!Ffu .!!)J 6lJtt lP U6lI rTa; ref) 8;~ LDL_@GLD @{iJf£,8; Ga;rrLurr(Ela;G'01r;rr 8= Gl.!FUJ6U(yJm!Du1I6i> UUJwu(j)I.):,/J c!pllI-ILjW bTWuGf£, U.-mLUJ e;®fii~ira; @(I!j{iJflj.fM' ~GMrr6U @mf£, £Drrw <'&.!!)JwGurr ~ ~tqUUmLQJrrmr&rT ~"'mwmUJ LD!D{iJ~ Gl1)(j)I~K;!Drrw. @{iJf£, Gruf£,rrtE;!D8; aa;rrLurr(j)le;mr;rr ~rflfii~m(J8;®W ~utffiLfljrIDe;~ $LD,9;~ ~rorflfiiflj6llrT e;@56IT G'lu(l!jWUrrfi'lJrrOm-rrrT LD~c!pllIf£,rflfii!!;J ~(J .!F rrmrL LDmGMrT a;Or;rr f£,GRJ(J, ;rrLllI-6U ;!DrID~.):, ;!D6lIW e ,--/rfl{iJ~ c!pOO6lJtTa;6IT ~6Uru. Clu(J(J ara;mr;rr ~L~ L/rfl{iJflj WmwrTa;w u(Ju(Juurrw ~iW6lJ6i>e;ref)8;!ilmLu5I6i> a;rdM(j)It.5illl-fii.fM,9; a;mLut.5illl-~~ ~"'mLDa;6IT tffi#5UJ tort a; .!F tt ~ tt (J ~T LD00 ~ QJrr y>,9; m a; uS/ GiJ a; G'01 L t.5illl- 8; a; ~ ~,9;a;rn6llQJrr a;fii~rrGm @(I!j,9;~W! ~G'01flj £Drrw 9fiii.JG'l6llrr(l!j6ll®t1J t5!WU[b!D C!PllI-ILIW. '£DrrGm ~~~ ~ySlUJrr~ u(JwQurr(l!jw' bTm.!!)J r&rID~1L1 ~(JroJ6i> c!p!jJrIDa;[DW ~liWlmQJ(l!j8;~OW gLrf/mw @®,9;~!D.fM; UL/ rflmLD. ~.fM £Dw.fM t.5i!D

CQJ~rr{iJ~w

VI-2M 3C-J-2002 ISBN 81-7120-742-1

~MilLaLITr'r: yff[JITUl~('~~cmr LDLW ~iffa;w LDu5IGtJITU~rT, <D1ff~mro-4

vi ~{f>{!jU t5J[DUl.Ff) ~w~Ul, G6lJ{!jrr !iJ{!j~@W GJa:Uloi.> (!.JJ~[DU U@jgJ~Ul @!iJ{!j .ffJJT~iv 6>1I~9;@j5J[Drrrt 8i-QJrrLJ5I @J(]6lJa;mwr!iJ{!jIT. 6'l.J~LW/iv 1896-~w ~~@ {f>6lJwurt 10,12,17,18-~w G{!j@a;6lf1GiJ ~6l/rt tfJa;(piJ@Ul GJ,g:rriJ Qurry)l"¥a;w @~6l/. @!iJ{!j ¥iv {!jLiilb61iv (!.JJ{!j~(!JJm[DUlrr a; ~w~ WLiJ@~®!iJ~ 1986-~w ~mr@ Q6l/<i1fI6l/!iJ{!j~. W{!jmm ~61fiUl {!jL.lJlySi6iJ G'lwrry!']QuiU,t iJ~i; {!j~{!j~lirT Q,g:iv6>1l.R rffJ(]6lJ@{!jrr ~6lJrrfr. @!iJ{!j p6iJ eyJ~.!f)J w.!J)Ju@UL/

a;6SlW9; a;~L~.
{!j(bGurr!b1 ~1fjm (j)(JmrLrrw u@.U~u Q6l/61fIu5I(EJ ~G{Dmh. @!iJ{!ju u@ulSJoi.>(!.JJ@ g§WJ.b ~lEJ~6'l.J. ~6'l.J ./lIT j)JJL~ ~i.JL/ (]{f>fT 8;a;uuL@, QwrrySiu5JSJJw Qurr(!¥Yf/SJJw C:fh~6l/Ulrrm ~6'l.J' LDrr[b[DffiJa;.itr Qa;rrmr(EJ 6lJrjUUL@W ~m.8i-6lJrrLiil8f1 j}LrtJa;~~, a:m;Yu@(Jriila;~w @UlW[D Gw[bGa;rrGfr c!JirrL@W -=='Iw"¥ ®{!5IUL/a;W.@mmr9;a;u @®iJ{!jU umRa;rn~ # Q,g:tiJflj6l/1T ~w~ WL~~~ ~[D6>1IUlrr8JUl 8T6lJrrLiSl ~a;.G{!jrr~rrmti{ljn-. ~.ja;.u UJ(Jifl:ff(.~.~Q: ,g:murrkuui/oi.> t5J(JwL,Q.9oa:mfJ Lfmrmf/Ul ~8Jf6¢srUl®W u8;{!jn-a;I@!JW~QJ®9;@j &.flj~mn-. u~u1If;iJ~(bJULL .~6'5)m6lJ®9;®W @rn[DQJW ~®GlI®W L/rf}~lJ/TlJ"rr ;I @!b16lJ6'®(J rfJ9>~!iJ~ 6lJ{ii~ww ~ a Gurr6'l.JQGlI @~~u u@uLJw ~mr~[bG[Drr®8;@j :wI8;8ie!PLU/&.u.in-~!TIP9;6'®a; 6lJrry.J#Jgmr(EJwrr a;! .

WL@Wtp'JTm. !iJ!iJ{!j~

1.6.1996
!d!Jrri.tJ~(f!;t;i~tmi-

ioi: tb

{lj~IP6lJ#J@w G'/,g:Uliv(yJ6'®l))u LI~iJ6rl)ILlU u[b{!5l.9o ~6'l.J QJrr/rl;6'6l{b8iW (]ua;wu'-9~6'lI)6llT ,EtiiJ,g;w Gg,LLII-®9;~p5fr,g;Gfr. {f>rr~ (!Jl~Gu 8tLtDI~Gurr6iJ (]a;rrL urr(EJ LiSla;,,¥w~[DUurrm~fbrrlDM, ~mrr6UdI~6'lI)mQuu'-9-# Q8'ILlW(!JJ6rl>[DUu(fjJi>~QJ!b1? GJ,g:UJ6U(!JlmgJ)u5J6iJ UILlIDMu(j)l#J{lj (!JJt.q..UJrr Gg,rrLurr@a;w {lj Q6lJ.!J)Jw ~{61fl16l/~fr #6Je;a;rrm uu5J(b~lLlrr,g; @®9;@jGw{lJWlIJ", G6lJJUlQJ6'lI)a;lUrrmwi/uLJ ~{!j[b@j ~®8;a;rT~. fiT~QJ GQ/pjrr{iifBtD ~® W#)W ~w!Drr6iJ ~~ {f>6'6lL(!.JJ6'lI)!DuSi6Uo;mLut5JliJ-9;~ {lj8;a;{!jrT.g; @®8;Q;
rb

C'6lJ {ljrrffi{lj#J

GJ,g:mmm4

"'GlJGm(!JILD;

.............

f1jLD~

~liiT!pa;fiiOia;ilJi~

••

..t:"I.

ffl"li~~.uTrr

.~

..g ~LDq:{h'P'iWU)

Qa:lLlivu@i>~i> ~J;a;#jrr<!J, i}([!j8;Q; C:QJ~(j))w. ~f!jIWL(EJW ~6U6'l.J, w$fJ#J@[b@jibl :lL6'l.J8iGlIrr!p8;~8;@jW~6'6l'_u5I6U Q;tbtSl8;a;uuL(EJw~ GUfT~ (]6lJ.!J)Jurr(bl&WtrGT6UGUm.b U)6'lI)!DUJ G6l/~(EJw. ~QmmJ6U GQ/{ljtr{ii{!jw ~~wmlU, GTiv6'l.Jrrw
~(]IJ SlLu5Ifr GTWfD ~~~€lli>~~i>{ljrrw

SlLu(]~U!.i;~fD~·

2
LD~i>$ltiiir ~LfiJl1J riil8'.W [DLD @irr!p8;~a;uSI W 6Tru~rr ff;l ~Lba:riila;~wUJLb GT~~riil8'.mm <jj@6lJQJifH 8'. ~@8;8'. GQJ~(!jlLb; [DLD~ GTGU~rrt.b[Q§J](!jlC!!J6£I t€!tba; (]@i~(!jlW. Qa:lLlru

3
'@fivmGU ~F.TGa:.' ~1I.Ta:mGw~t.D UGU Ga;wb6Ia;~w8i Cl8iLLfTm. 'fjJ~[!5Itb@jW 8i-GQI<jjGa;~QlrrfiiJ ufiiru 8D.{D (!Jll1f-lLl6'5l6iJ6Ifl6U. 6TroG6'lI ~QlGir, '~m8;@j ~m-,g)JGw QtfJrflUJ6'8IfivmGU' 6TW,g)J 8TGQI<jjGa;B~Lw 1In.[!5I6'8ILLrrm. 8TGQI<jjGa;~ tfJ~ tfJ~6IfltfJuSJL..l.bi)(!!jwt5I# Qa:Gir!Drr~. ~6'lJW1roooLIU 16ti>m{!j, 16WWfTiJ}JW ~QltbtDitb@j~mL 8D.£D [i)UJGUrrQ{!j~ .[!)J an.p5lmrr rT. $G6'lI{!jGa; B6'5I tb@j8; 8;tbL518;8;8; 9n.L.rr iP1 GTWUB .,!MQJI.T 6Tmr6'm'W ~.uGU. ~6l1(!!j8;@jW iP1 @QI[DqjIS){Duutb{l5l 6TB6lJw QtfJrfllLl~rurnGU. 6TrnGGlI erGQI<jj Ga;B {!jGir tfJ{i;6Ifl{!jUJL.W ~1Ja:6'6lm ~~fiI, ~[5{!j 1.Ta;~lUffiJ 8irnw iJ <jjr5Ja;~8;@jiJ Qf!jVilfl6lfu(!jliJiP1wrr g;J Ga;L@8; G'la;fTdfr Lrrm-. ~{!jtb@j ..$II]"a:w, ~[5ffj I]" 8i{j)lLlffiJ8i6'6lirr @BQI()lf)1.T ~I.T a:1rcr.W LDL@GW ~(l5I [5$1(!!j[5{!jrrfr a;w 6Tm!f)J Lb, Wffj8; @j(!!jLDrrrTa;@!J8;@j@6IflQlu£b(l5l 9wg;Jw Q ffjrflUJrriP1 (i'(W!f)J Lb -8D.[!5Jmrrw. fi)(!!j[5{!jrrsuw ~6l1rTa;w 6l9(!!jwt5IlJJffjrr6U ~QlrT a;~8;rf!j8; a;tbt5i8;8ii> QffjrrLr5JfilmfTw~ @[5{!j GQI{!jfT{i;<jj8; a;®iJiP18;a;w, a;tr@8i€1flGU Qa:m-;[f)J @lLlrrmw Qa:tiJ<jj<jjrrru LDL@Lb m...fQmrjUULL.6IflQl ~ru6l); ~l@Jtb{l5lw uSl8i# €iI£D[5<jju@jgJa;6ir 6TruGl>tTtD~[!5I6lJiJ@£Dm t..D/8;a;, ~G<jjGQlm6YfuSlru ~gJ8iL.Drrm G.GUa;w {ffirn{D~~ ~m- {DfTL eatt y>8;6Ifl8i {bL.i;iP1 UQlfr a;wrrib:.GkilJ67f/U u@1B1hU ULLrnQl 6Tm-U6IflffjU u6i>GQlg;J m...u/DLffjriila;6ir QlfTu1J61Jrr8i ~pSI$)G{DrrtD. GULa:a; a;fQm8;a;rrm W8;8>,6Iflm ~@Lb ~IJ a:rn~IJ(I;illILU UrjulJuL/ u518;a; 9®1@J6Iflrj {!jfTLb cr.rrmr (!Jlt.q...UJfT~. ~~fra;@w ifl61Jfr ~!p[5~ €F1r!J:$ltI»mUJrrwfr a;mrr a; fiJ@~i)(!!j8;~{Drrfr a;w. ~rnffjGJUJruGUfTt..b utrtt 8;@jLbGufT~, @(i;1lJ/J ffji;~roui.b Gla:UJGU(!JJm{D8;rf!j uS/8i@/LD 6JtbLJrnL_UJ~ 6TGMU~ Q~rflUJ 6l1(!!j8J{D~. zt..AJa;@!Jw U6lJ(f3LD ua;611j,flrn<jj~UJu ut.q...tJ; i) (!!ja; eeotr W.

(!P6l5l£DuSlru~6I5l6'll uSIa; ~iJ8iL.Drr a; ~®~~rr 8i 1J6'lImr@Lb. ~QJ[D[!5I~ Qa:l1Jru(!p~{DU u~$lml1J, Gurra;uGurra; lLriila;~,j,(!!j 66)W8;~G@iW. @[5~i> Q~rrLrT Qa:rrtb
QUtTk};)'I6"Iir9i'O;' )i{!J{D@ d)ilSj-UU~Lilll7a; d d)i~LD5J",O'[DbIii.

(!:fJ1li~ru [DfTLb G.!JjfTLurr(Jjl8im6YT ~l.TfTuJGQJfTW. L51{D~ 2PI~6'lI er UU48; .!JjfT (j}!8; @jma;8'.67f/6l5I®~ff;l UI.Tum'sutre« L Q <jj(!!j8;.!Jjf€!!j8;rf!jW[D8'.1.T riila;f€!!j8;rf!jW Q.!Jjrrmr(j)! @iI.TUULL~ fiTW um{!j/J G<jjrfl [5ff;l Q a;fTl>1rGeumi: @l@Jtb[!5lru [DfTl.b a;rr~w 6'8IG~fT<jjL.Drr~ ~wa:w 6T~~QI@JW£Drrru, @[51li8; a;(!!ji> ff;l ,j,a;w GT ru61.Jm.b I@J~/J $lfiv 6J cr.rr~<jj QJfT~66) ~ 66)fMiiilTl@Jrr.!Jj8; fiJmL,j}{!jqjlS)l@J ~GU~; uS/.!Jj6lJWuirumsutte« QJrr!p8;qjIS).!Jj [DL.jiff;lUl@JrT.!Jjw firm!}J fl}rrLb t€!mmUUl@JrTa;67f/L LD~ ~ rT8'.67f/L u5J (!!j tii G {!j @rnQJ G<jjrrm {l5It6J(!!j8iiilro £Dm. ~C!!J~''1fiTm£D (!:fJ~QJrflm wa;m 8i-GQI<jjG.!Jjff;l.l ~(!!j~ (!p~QJtr a;rrLt.q...ru 6'lIrr!p[5tfJ@ilJrr.!JjiJ#)rr~ @C!!J8;.!Jj GQI~(j}!t.D. 6T~QJ 8i-G6'lI#)Ga;~ a;rrL4G6lJGUJ 6'lIwlr[5 tfJrrro. ~l@Jw,\'14rr~a: tt su LDm-6Mwrrm t5i I]"QIrrtjJ!DfQm m2J]6'lI~t6Jm ~fJ"WqjlS)~6Ifll1J ~.6IflL~tfJrrm . .!JjG6ll{!jGa;~w5JU!o.f.b ~~#) wmmmGa;LL.rrm-: 'LDI]"6'WiJ$lm-GUfr ff;l lLu1/rTc9iW 6Tuu4 QI@JViIfIGlLl.!J)J 8Jm{Dm 6Tm-U~ ~8;rf!jiJ Q<jjIflILJLDrr?' ,,~n - _ _!"b' .. I.DI{!jmlLlfT ~1]"1.,ga:. ~ '~~I@J 6TUUI1f- JiJriilGa; $I(!!jt.DLJfilm-{Dm?' 'Q{!jrfllLlrr~ ~IJGa:.' '(!pwClwfTfr&fir (;]a:W{D 1@Jy51cr.@9t.D G<jjQlrTa;w Gurr@jt.D urrfM<jj.!Jj~w ~~8i®i; Q#)rflILJL.Drr?'
1. <FfTrh(JfljfT .1;!ilUJ

u5J (!!j tii~ , ~ '!J fTI@J ff;l

guJI£I'_~w, 5. 3.

G6'lI{!jrr [5fli j,

{!j i;BQI

i;fi/GM uS! 8># iI ffi~ (D

4
G61GlT #'Glj~f) ~:f!jJ. ~J:CFrflUJLDrrW G61Gl'fIUJW 6TwmGwffl!lJrr6U U&6lJ1h~~1h aurrrt8;,!f,","~~~ 8iL!lJUUL'-tJ)l. ~rfurt!>1hrrf>M J!Jf~®~mTfr ~fr~"'m-W1#'@j @r61h#' a;®di~8;&~6YT ~uC:1hi1~1hrrfr. ~G6IffLDrrw GlCFUJ6iJurr@, .J)f1hW fb@bl116U 6T~~svUJ[iJID ~~LD~-~:f!jJ:!lJrrW g~:!lJuSJW ~wGlQJrr® U#'Si~~iJJlW ~Vi1fIG3i1~ ~m6YT#'@jw GlCFIiJ~UJrr@jW. @~C:6lJ GlCFUJ6iJL./rfl6lJthW ff a;UlUJW. [iJ~th ~mi_wGth c: 6lJ{!jrrr61htb ilw ~Li1UJI-b. GlCFUJ~tb!lJ '{€1~~ 6Tw!lJrHill {Drrw 6TbMW L./rfI!f;,!jI@a;rrm~!lJrrC:LDrr, ~!f;thLDr6th [!jlm6U ~®Gurr ~W G6lJ{!jrr[ii{!j1bi/w 6UL~UJW '~6iJ~. ~~fljrrw 6UL..i1UJW 6TWtDrrfii,) {bwmwi 8TtbrDIUJW6YT,8T6lJfr iGw uSla;J: ~!D{ii1h 8 ..J/)/pS/6lJ rDtfJ a;"," tr ~ ~ @ W.' ~ m 6)J {fJ tt wGl CFIU 6iJ L./rfJ 6lJ ~ tt [iJ6iJm 6l) c: Ill} ~W g)JW GlCF Iii UJ tt wi6l (!!j8;@jW lDmr~ W lDlJtiiJ8i~W$_6U~ru ~ID{i;{!j ~m.~f)8i6lr ~~ki6l@W. ~m6lJtLfLb ~w.f!)Jtb Ql!f,uJQJi/~m6U~6iJru6lJrr! Qr!FLU~tb!lJ ,{5I~6l)mlU ~m<!FIljLro~~mT ~~G6ILL.JT6iJ .:fP1~ GlCFUJ6iJrffI~6UUJfT ~ ~@W 6Tmu~Lb ~~LUJrr B. (l6lJfljfTr6thdi@'iiiu (Ol)LU1UJUJrrrn ~.mLDILJfTflr,,'~CFUJ6iJtbimlJl.) firWUfjI" 6'Tm-rn 'fbL{iifbrr ~Lb CFwilm6U rt!>m~UJrt:th,.a;svrfu8irrf!j, @1}"~f!jfJLDrrrn ~ISlDLD@ UJLW filISlDGlIlr$<l1i @(!!j8;@jil)o @§106lJQCFUJ~L./rf)6lJ{!j{b(r!j 5.liJ!lJ uS/c!J;i ~.) a;(!!jdi~ brWUlSlDflj {IJLD~ ~W!lJfTL 6lJrrW8;m8i ~@Jt'~<}jilw e!:P6UWfbrrw iLmTf}6UrrW. Qq:UJ6i)L./rf)~~@1u Glurr B6)Jrr 8i {brrLb Qa;rrfltr u;,WID ~iiJ6l)rrLDGlJ 6TUUl.!J... Gl<!FUJGlJL./rf/UJ i (yiLSf.lLfw 6T~~L.J.b U6U(!!jW ~~6lJuC:urr ~ a8iLL.€6Jmr(El. Ul.f!)J 6lJUJiI~ fDfT~W ~uu'4-C:UJ{ljrrw tbimw:'h@®{i;a{ljf>M. ~rnmill 6)JUJfljrr i ~a;, ~g;JU6lJW 6lJ"'"IJQJi51T1J 8 ~~ ~~67S)UJ ~6iJ m 6U 6T mU 67S){!j1bG'l fljrf/ {i;:f!jJGla;fT.O L W . ~ m r!F ~(D§;)m ID ~i51TG6Itb@j {Dm.b fbw!lJfT 8ii GlCFUJ6iJL./rf)a6lJfTW. ~ ~ 1J)i/ f!J W uSlLW uSl@j[iiC:1hrr.J!)Jw {DW8;@j {Dw m LD Glu~~..1b1; {!jWLDrrw ~i1(J,W GlCFUJoUyrflUJ c!:p'4-~[D~.
~mr!F8n.L
VJJrn.f!)J

5
i ~ 8imG'fT 8; a; LL6'5J !:Ptb§I G61@LDi51TG6ItD@j{Dtt tiJ ~!lJm~ fiJYJ8;~a[DfTW, [6LD~J.!DlJtDL.Ja;m{lj","frGl/JJ)Jlilw{!Jm; lDffiW CFrij<!F6U1biltb@jiLWG'fTfT~!lJ/!)J, uSla;8; @jm[D[iith ~mC:QJ G6lJ~6l) Qr!FtllUJ (!JJLSJ-~!lJ~. a6lJ~6l) Qr!FuJUJi Qr!F6UG6IL._ LSf.(!!j8;8i a~1JmrLSJ-UJ ~tb!lJm6U, 9w.f!)J.$@jW UUJWULfT/J Q6lJ.!!)JW iLmT fr ii1 U GlU®8;~6iJ v;3 rnTfT 8;@j.$la!lJfTW. LDWW &(f!;(!JJS;UUL@, ~mlDilUJfT s; [iJ®.9;@jWaurr Bthrrw ~{!jw ~[b!lJ6iJ (!JJ(!::PGll/fJ/ W f!JtbQCFUJoU L.JrflUJU UUJWu(£J~ {D~. ~{ii{lj iL~SiW 1h[ii{!j QCFUJGUmlJfra;Vi1fI.W6lJfTlj).9;QS)SiISlDUJU ufTf"~fDrrGU ~QJrta;w ~[iJy{!jLDfTm~mLD@ tfta;6lJfrSifltr 6TWU /fJ/ Q{ljrf! UJ 6lJ®W.6T fbWfT ~w ~">1fr &..rr i61 CFlD Jff/~6UISlDIll#' a;mru#'~ (!JJLSf.6lJiI~~ru. ~{!jWfTGU{ljfTW a~fTUU u@w 9® w~{!jmfTGU ,~il8".~G'fTGlJ a">1~~ GlCFIiJUJ C!:JlLSf.UJrrLDGU aUfTuJG6I(£J~!lJ~; OiTfD[b~w a8>fTUUULfTfD willl{ljw i1{DuufTmwi1.f~;g;m","J: QCFuJUJ C!:JlLSJ-~{!J/fJ/. aa;rru~iltbC:a;fT G/6lJ g)Jut5]!iJ(]s;rr 5.lfljfT">1~ ~mr!FSi~8;a s;rr ~LLb Gla;fT@UU">1ffifTGlJ QCFIU6UL./rflUJ c!:pll1:U.JfT~. ~QJ6tr .. thwmrn ~{ljrram ~",fljtb~#' Gl8ifTW ~f!JfT(]"f:Cjj6l1lf} iLdoT(i'6)LD UJfT8i OiTISlD{ljUJWQr!FrU/f)J (!JJUJ-uu@6Um6t)".;,!p/mlDilUJrrrn, LDW~.9;a;9;8n.UJ-UJ, r!FLDafDfT'@j~LUJ, {fI~'iiJ)6UUJfT # {lj lDWW 9L~LUJ6lJaW u51Si ~ila; ~w~ Qr!FUJWL.JrflUJ(!JJLSf.~{!J~. aQJ{!jrr~fDwruL¥JUJ1bmth iLUa{!ji18;~ID/fJ/· ~~,~ ruL~UJW 6TWU~, [6rtw 8>mr~q.8; a;rrdoTu{!j{D@jw G'lr!FUJGUQPfitil[!J6TroW.f!)J{DfTW 8n..!J)J6lJ{8(b(f5W 6TW">1mC:6lJfT ~uurr6U ~®.9;~!lJ4PJ' WW)fD@UJGUU)i\) ~®' (]urr8;@ja;W iL6lr6YTW. 9w!J)J ruL..~UJ1b67S){!j 6lJfT!p8;A>8>UJLW r!FWIJr!FU U@1b@.$ Gla;fTm6)J~, LD{DQ!lJfTW.f!)J· QJfT!p8;~s;mUJ 6UL..~UJ~m{lj afDrr8;~ iLUJfrtb@#' (;).s;rrWQJ/fJ/. fDrrw ~">1 [bmID U L.J {E/fJ/Qs;rr 6Tr6ll i61 ~6l1 ~UJ W. 6]'Q6M ~ 6iJ rfI C!:Jl{!j~GU an.{!5JUJQUfT #'®1b{!jrrm {bLD.{PJ~fT!p(i'6)6lJ#' S;6lJIJ.$ 8n.I.!J--UJ1hfTa; @®.$~ID~' ~wrnrrGU ~6U@l~a;lUrTW iL
'iW fr

6 (]QjIiWl~,g:,mW{b{!jrrw GlcFllllU (!PLJt-ILjW <iTWf!)J [Drrw ~liWlmJ; ®<J{DW. 9®(]QJrnm @QJtb.f!)Jw ueoeqtb ~lUrnQJlUrr 8i {j)®J;,g:, QJ/TW;{j)QJtb{!51w OIwm~u5IliiJ W/wf!)J g6W@QJ~ 08irruw

7
ar..f!)JQJ@W6lf)~. 9@ tOVL_€RIUut q, @(!Jju u{!jtD@j ~ tD{DQJfT u f!)J ~fPJ Iii5ImffiI8i6lJw G'ia:uJ$!{D~. CIT@ffiJ8i8=G'i<!FfTwwrrfiiJ, !B QffjtiJG'88iwrrmQJW, 'rEGIU .d9I~' (lTwuO{D OQJ{DfT[htfji; i'w ~L..€RIUW. {j)f!jIGQJ OQJi>rr[h~i;i1w <!FrrfJw. (;T<MQJ""'-'Y U/ rfIi;f!jI u Q u rr(l!jitrG'i 8irr6WLfT ~w, tfjfr J;,g:, .d9I{!51QJ ~UJ tr m~wuw 6"8IIiWlGTTlUrrLJt-wrr~w, OQJ{Drr[htfjw iLmTfr{bfPJQJ.{f)1

''I:

. rl

OUfJrrrn<!F, 8"r1U[DtOVW Gurrw{D iLriGlITIT #il8iwrr,g:, ~®8;8i~rrW~ ~uGurr f!jI IUrrfJrrQJ~ <iTW~LW QJPJf!jI, 8"r1U[DilJi;rn{!jlLjw 8"r1U[DtOV WU{bIiWl{!jILjW ~L@~@QJIiWl{!j @ (!JJ{!jliiJuLJt-lUrr,g:,J; Gl,g:,rr6WL ffl® ~L_8?lIU{bIiWl{!jUUtD{l5IJ; 8D..[!5JmrrliiJ,.d9If!jI [DLJ; ,g:,rr{!j,g:,rrrfilUw <iTw(][D [Drrw t!lqjlf)wuGuw. <iTw,gJ ClTIU!fj~{b f!jILW ~{bf!jluGurr$!W{D ~® ~L_8?lIU{bIiWl{!j <iTWOOLW 8D..tDiwrrfiiJ, iLLam .d9I1iWl{!j Sl8i~w LD8ilIP8=8?lILjLW 6JtDf!)JJ; u Gl&rrw(J6lJw . .d9If!jIGQJ m.irrW/IiWlLUJ ~L_@IULDrr$!~@W. 'IiWlQJ~,g:,W' orW[D Gla:rr6'i.J oruuLJt-u utOV@I{!jwrr,g:, 6'5IwJ;r!Jjuu@~{Da{!jrr, .d9I~Ourr6'i.J 'Gla::UJru(!JJIiWl[D' orW[D Gla:rr6'i.Jrn~ILjLb u~~{!jwrr8i 6Slm 8;8i~fTW. '<iTWW/IiWlLIUG)1D rn6lJ~a;lb, iLWf!)J6lflLIU ~ .d9IIiWlQJ ~8iW '<iTW Uf!jIG u rrm {D Gurr8;@i;)1Drrm Gl<!FIU6'i.J(yJrn{Du5I~w 8irrmTuU@~[DID1. .d9I~rrQJ ~ [DfTW <iTrnffj8= Gl a:IU 6'i.J(!JJIiWl{Dorw f!)J 8".®ffJJ 8ilGflJGwrr ~.B fpwG{D iL~8i{biJm Gl<!FlUru(yJliWl{D(;TW f!)J 8ri..f!)f6lJ~. !fj/'TQrr .uJlUrrumfilUrrwrrro ~lUrrUfTfJW LDL_@GW Gla:lUru(!JJm{D;jQ~rry51ru. 9®OQJ~W [Drrw @®Lmrrq, @ ® [h ffj rr 6'i.J j),@.(f}QJ G ffj Q a: IU 6'i.JyJ rn {DJ; @ uSI ,g:, W ( ~ 6JtD4mLlUru¢1, ·W£D{D6lflQJ Qa:lUro(!JJrn{Dci;08i Qurr®PJ ffjrr~mQJ. !fjrrw· <~®WLfUQJ{b{!51£D@jW [Dwwrrro G'i<!FtUlU (!PLJt-PJ:f>QJtb{!51£D@jW c;,~IU6'i.J(!JJIiWl{DrW{D Gla:rrrurnru r;;ruuLJt-u o UlUwu(bl{bf!jl~G!l)rfw, UfT(!!jl5J8iW! ormG6}J GQJ~rr!i>{Dw uSl8".6lJw GldlU6U(Jp",[D8;@j 6J£DLJ6lflLlUffJJ ort;,W.f!)fQa:rrru~w Gurr f!jI ~[5ffjU QUrT(l!jiiYfllill LJrfi!i>fPJQa;rritrwJ; 81LLfT~; rurr!)JJ;Gm8".6lf)IU GtiL:_8?l1U tffJliWlruJ;@j iLlUfr {bfPJQJf!jI (;TW{D Qurr@mm(;;;_,\GlMWw OQJmr@w. or<MQJwQj ILlUfrPJ{D~rr8i @@[5~rr,jJ.llw QJrrlPJ;mq,uJiru (yJl..SJ-lLlfT {Dfpwm{D GQJtfjrrPJtfjw ruL_8?lIULDrra;8;

LD~ffj

~WLDfT gtiJliWlwUJfTm~, <iTru6UfTLb.d9I{!51[h{D~ (;TW UIiWl{ljGIU. ~WWfT OI{Duufhrr8.6ljw @{DUUtfjfT8".6ljw {bfrw Q8irr~I..!J-(!JjJ;@jW fYJLJ; 8".®i;IfjJ8;8".m GTru~mb G'iurr@wtb{D U/{DtD{Dru8.w. ~WWfT OI!D(i;{DlfjJw .@Q,m~, .@iDuulfjJw @~~. !Jjrrw a:fT8".U Gurr6lJfljfT a; UIUUU@QJIfjJ (;TQ,Q)iTW QQJ.!!)JW WJL!fjWU/J;ma;8".w . .-rWWfTQ, [j)mtfj# Qa:UJUJ (!P1..!J-'4W,@1iWl{!j# Q<!FtiJlUC!PI..!J-UJfT r;;rw JT)J &.[f).JQJ~wBi>..L._Lf i6J Q UfT (l!j6ITtb{DGmQJe;G~. [DwwrrfiiJOTliWltfj'4W Glq:tUUJ (l::PI..!J-ILjW. fflGllGlQJrr(l!j wm!1fjw/w c!p{!jYi6Jro16wm!l-w [Dwt5/8;m8i 6lf)QJ8;8i GQJoo(blw (;TWUliWltfj GQJtfjfT£h{!jw. (:urrj)8;~!DfPJ· {!jW8;@jQQJiiYfIGUJ ~fi1r~ 9(!!jCF@jmTlii a;L6lJIiWl~ !fjwurr16 QJrn6M (;TuuLJt-# 8?lru LD16ffiJ8".m f[Jrriiil8ifi{1 (lTw.!!)J ~J!)J 8ilw{DWaQJfT, Jl(lfjJaurrruGQJ, ffjWm!.LW !Jjwt5/8;m8i W 81LJ!)J~{D4P' .@ro~rr{!jQJm6M [Drriiil8iw 6TW.f!)f GQ/fljrTP;16 [DLDIfjJ ~wLDrr6"8lw. LD~mLDuSJru !D~J;IiWl8".u5IwmLDalU [Drrti>@8iW (;TW.f!)f GQJtfjrr{i;fljw 8D...f!)fiJ9J6· CF!haflj8".uSlw{l5I, U6U(!!j8;@j .@~ UlUffiJ8ifJ8; 8".(!!ji;{P,f'fl6fr. .@i6I ~mLIU C!::P'4-lUrr @){!518;aa;fTffl 6TW./!)J [DwuSlf;iJ U6lJ(!!jw tffJliWlrn8; 16 a;6lJfTw. ~rnrrru .@m~ 9<MGlQJfT(!Jj w.n~rnrr~w ~IiWlLIU C!P'4-IL/W 6TW JJ)J aQJfljrr{i;16w Qj~IlJJ!)J~~$![D~· ruL_8JIU{bliWltfj ~IiWlLQJ@Q,~6W, {j/.[f).JQJfr8iW, .@WW, urrruGQJtD./!)JIiWlLD Gurrm!D 6T~~W 1!)IiWlLlUrr a; ~(!!j.9;CJj (!P'4-UJrr 6. j)lMflj ~1iWl6'MQJ(f§W ~rnI-UJ6lJrrw. filGlrn~ru .@fPJ 6JtD8".rnOQJ ~{l5IIUUUI.:.-L~, 6JtD8i6M(1QJ

c;,umr,

®d>~

~LuOlLJt-8;8i

@(!!juU6

6TWf!)J GQJ1fjrr!h{Dw 81LJ!)J$!{D6'

Q r!FUJGU(if!m[D C:~1fjfT {5:1!5W

9 <j)@f./J)JQc!FuJtiJ{Drrw; fJ>® ~llJ CIi®#3rn:!b 1!L6U$I..u UIJ@f ~(jjItiJ{Drrw. fPW~ ffEJiJaUfTrn<j)UJ@frr~.#.ma;rnlU, .g;.UJLDllJ8;8i~@tbr!!) I!LrirrmfT~ ~{b:!b @ffT£p.#.rnClirnllJ,{ljrrW {!)6lJ.f!)JifjrurrClio.QClifTOO (jjIrirrm @frr~8;rna;mllJ ruLg,lLJiJ~L...W c!FLDfJ c!Fuu(jjl ~~ in eyJUJ!bg, (]filJ<j)fT{b{!)#3i1..u @lOiJmru. ~{5:!bU QurrtUUJfTW filJfT!i>8;rna; ~y5lllJ G6lJoo(jjlw, 6TW.f!)JW {KIrnru(Urr ; [j)®{6~ a 6lJ@W I!LOOmLDUJrr~ filJfT!i>B;ma; Q6lJ~6lJ17 G6l1oo(jjlw, 9~~L G6lJoo(jjlw IiiTwurnifj(]UJ ~~ @f~IlJ.f!)J~~fiI[!J~. @m:!b {ljrrw 6TUGUfT ~w wm~illOiJ Qa;ruifHi1T. GGlIoo(jjlW. f}®Q/W /PfUJ@f6lf(fTCii wrr!J)l.$l{Drr6isTliiT~u§I j)..umru, GWi9Jw GW5WwGGlI~#3 (]:!bfT!D!Dj,iJ!br!!) ~®$I!Drrw ·6T~L1G~ I!L~~I.D. ~~fJ fiB)rur!!)§iI{lJ.{lJ,~ ~wrr6'6lw@llJoiJurr m MtiJ~LD Q~fi1f)UULj, Q~rrLJiJ@j~{D.§I. 6Tw~ruUJIb[!J gtiJrnw, 8i{!)[bill7w, ~6W4, ~Ib{DW~m~~.15Jw 6JtDa;mOilJ {ljwJ;@jrf)llJrnQ/. ~LJtd;{!j airr(fjla;~5WL(J @j~Cli8>~~W GlJUJUUfljlTru WL(jjILDru6U,WfTfP8;rna;uSiw 6T{bfb Iff/rnwui1§ywm, w6"5fI{!jfr setm ~w ~{5:!b·iUL._UJUJj,m:!b ~rnLtLi; @UJ-ILjW 6T6V./J)J (]1OlJ:fhrr{b1!1W<k.f!)JiilIf).{lJ. @d;<j) 1!L6W~UN;;6ID"" <i;. ~@ t5JUJ-#3{b6lJrt a;fT~6Yft5Ww r!!)m8ja;Ii1fI$lltiJQJUJ~~ ~P;{!jQ/fr CliW s;Gm"; ®t6!ut5JL..L... 6lJfl!i>.9;rnCiiff/mruull6IJi!®{bfb'iliJrtCliOWfT I ~..u6l) 6Trn-Llrn<j) .tDrrLb a;ooGLfT U)l~@fTr 8j~ .u5J8i1til/ tb UlJuf7uLlrr~ Q/(TfPl.rnai {ljL::b@IiJGlJ*q,~, QUr11UJ umLj, :!bQl}6l)QJrt a;~, ~rfJllJrr r!FmiJ~ru ~l.Dfrf.6iJjl Ga;rrUJ-<i;a;~8; a;rrm .l,IJ8;8>m/Qrr !¢J6lJrry?6'6I!iJ&rr g,~r.:.UJ Ljr11{bifjQJrt lirirr C 6r~.f!)J tDrrw {ljW4Q/:fh£Dr!!)#3 <j)r!!){5{!)a;rrfJmrrilJaiw l!L~mro. ~i)iJllw ~fJ c!FW 6Trn-UGlI~ "!J!!)c$(f!jm{DUlG/urrwmLD Ourrru @®{bi5/QJ(l]jW @{b{!)c9iClirrruw aurr~!Df!j6OOJ.~{5<j)8; e;rrruw. 6Ja;fTgJuj,@llJ eyJUJ-LDrn-~rtfJj';'r QJrrfj}!h{!j s;rrGllW ~i5/. ~uuL+uSi@Jl;.{lJw @{b{lj8; 8j(f!J#3~8;a;rnm# UlJl;@8;a;ltil/w,

@ffi:f!ju t5JlJu@jr!F#3iJGiJfLmW ~riJ!DruClim ~6'4)m#3~w ~tDClirnaQl [DW(yJmLlllm@f15fTW. [Dw~ ClirdMClimw{ljrrGLD mCliCliwlTru f!:PUJ-d;QClirroo(jjl ~(l!jLLJr CIi ®d;.$l!D~ 6TG57.f!)J ~ .::!M@.$lG{Drrw. {ljwmwJ: &!bt6! ~@W 6Tm-U~ @ru6UG6lJ @rum6U 6TmU6'4){lJ fL~®riiJCliW. rnClis;mw ~CIi!b/J)JriiJS;W, 6Tu(]urr ~w rf/6UfiBd; QClirr~UJ-@d;.$lm-{D ~{5ffE fJ>G1fI~lll<i; ClirrViffl6UfTW. @®ro- 6T~U~ 9®Gurr~w @®ffiffEiJrurn6U, u6U6ilmu> 6Tm-U~ ~(!!j{b~@6iJm6U. {ljrrw U6U6il~rtCliW IiiTW.f!)I ~@filw{D tDfTW ryJil_LJTwCIi(]w. !JjfTW MtU~LD llldJ!D6lJrtS;W ~W.f!)l CliffE.f!)I8ilW{D {ljfTW (!JJLL...fTWa-.GW. ~m<:6l.i6ULi)UJW Qe:llJru(IJJm{D8;r!!) 6J!b!D~ LDL(jjIL1JGiJ6U, ~~ mjGurt~w ~ULlLSI-_(:lllffEfTW ~@ffi~ 6lJ{b~®8;.$l{D~ fT{b:!bw 6Twum~(]llJ G6lJffE 6lJq;6}IlJ!f)l~~fiI[!J~. @ffi:!b 6UL&)llJW; @ffitb fLoornw-{i}4PJG6lJ mW§JJQe:fT{6f!j @llJruLj; wtD[!JrnQJ ~rnm~~tiJ QUfTtU, l!LoomwllJ!b{D6. '!Jj/TW ~~llJ<i;<klIl-_llJ c!FrrffErrfJf>m wW/#jW' 6TW!f)l <k!f)lwGUfTP I!LOOGl'tW.9;(f!j WfT/J)JULL... ·f)W ~ {D IEriiJ8jW <k!f)l.$l {iJ(rs;w .Ii riiJCIi(]etr ~8jrnwuQl:Jrni.JUJ rt S;WfT I.fiI #. Qs;rrwfiI rn rt CliW. 6JGffErr G;)8;Trtij_UJ, 6lJ~!D, @yS!QJrrm fft@T¢J@1JW I!LriiJs;rnw tMi/ihGw &tlJi.£JUJ8;8i~i)!br!!) ~ 6Ytrt c9ii)J; Qs;mfrrfilrnrt 8jW. UfT6lJW IiiTGtu.'Jmifj ]QJffEfT{6f!jw fJ>/J~.j;Q8jff6Yr6lJi)rurn6U; ( ifjQ)JJ)l frrwumffEf!JuJ'wIb.ff)J.#. QaifTwfi/{D§JJ. ~6lJIb!f)l WuSiCliU Q~tR~ ffEQlJJ)l, 'thrrrJrr.U6U6ilWGtr, {ljfTW UfT~, @y5l6lJfT~ ~[DUU t.5IlJfT~, ~ffEGUJrr ~rnifj(]uJn' Q.!FtUUJ/J iI!D~!b {DQJW'6TW .f!)JtDLDI.@J !JjrrGw <k!f)l6lJ~ifjfTW IiiTW!f)l Gru>f!jrr{b >f!jW <k.f!)1fiI [!JlU'·"I..'~6iJ 6lJ rr !f)l et 00~ wG U rrQ :!b6U6Utt W I!LffiNl;mWa; CliLt.f..t6I@8;r!!)W e:rufil~/J Gl>f!jfTL.Jfiru aW~JI.iJ fJ>® 6lJrniOTTlll.j;,rn"J: (Jr!Frt/J~.#. QS;fTW tiJrnrtaiffrr; I!LruCliW ~WWfTrn6lJ IErilJ&~ ~~/J@uSi(l!j.#..$lw{D aTlllWUJ.#.CIi/J@ru (]W!WW ~rt ~(jjJo.rn8jJ: G.!Frt.#.§ilrnTraiw. IiiTmG6lJ, fbrrw U6U @mm, :!brrw gliJrnLDUJtD[!J6lJW 6TW!f)l Iff/rn6lffUU6lJW

10 ~Iiill tD6lrT{!J 1L~ fJGlfW W£D{!J1iill a;@!J8>® ILUQ{hU/ 8>o9iGlf fr W ~Iiill fr 8i@!J&® [DfJt..&C!5t5f!i~. ~"l./lt 8i"",,.{fJJeutt ~s;~a;tLfL,w fji.JtSl(JjlulJUfT ~, ffltiJfiillfTfiM eutr ~J;ma; firm jJ)J &1.{D~f!i8>8i 6UnJ.p,9;~a; GlIfTWt5/P 6lJC!5~m!D [DW,9;® [iJ~ Q;g:UJ6iJ<!:p~{!J.Y;® fiTQJ6lJW~ 6J£D{!JflifT; [iJC!58;®wL{!jLD8>® (Jfiillm6Uo9im u5)a;J; a @jm{!J6J/, ~IiJGlf (J~fJz.b 5JfJfTwtlJ. [iJC!5~.{fJJW {DWWfT6lJ @m:1fj ~mLUJ (!p~UJfTGl:1fjm-{!JfT6iJ -M.{fJJ QU®~fli ~GlIWfTww! Ufj)ffiJa;fT6U,j 1F,9;a;fJ6lJfr~i)a;6YfJw G~mQla;~Lm fYU t5J 4(Jjl i.J U fTfr ~:1fjfT6iJ [DLD!P1 G {Ii m6lJ 09iW ~m .f!)JW [iJ.u6lJfT:2imGll. @j®G~i>i)fJU aUfTfr,9;a;w~@6iJ GlurflUJ W;fnLi>:2i"",,ui)UJfT a; [iJ®t5~, Gu fTfr LJrfI~fli -M"!Jr'wtffilm (J:j6lllfiilla;@!JLm- ~Ut5JLLfT6iJ ~WiP1 GlfljmGllo9iW ~m.f!)JGw @liiJmru. .,mLD6YfJiP1 LDOOUJfTW ~t5fliU GUfT rt8;a;w ~iIS21w G6lJ{hfTIhflii> :2i~.{fJJGlIrfu; mm # §JIh@uu{litD@jW a -Mm{Ds; 09imLut5l~UU{D[iJ@jW .,mQlgu,9;@j G{DI)W @®Ihi5ib1' ~6lIl{h ~L ~ti.J6lJfTW ~ W, arrovu WfTW fMLb, 1iill<Ffb1a;w t6J6lIltv!i>#iiP1 LDfT6lrT [DLDiP1GlIfTy;,8>ma;u5!6iJ,"",Qlfr 09iWGla:IiJ~ ~Wfiillrrfiillibl {Drrw Gla:IiJUJGQJ~L_rrLDrr? [!J6lJ6lJgGia:ti.JUJ Gliillmr@Lb orm IJ)J lLGWml..Dl6JGrovGILI ~®LbLJ(JQJfT LDfTWrr6iJ,@uQurr.tfll /6W8;@j !iJ®UU{!jfr8i firGW~~m{!J ~IiJGlf G[DI)~6lI){lj~L .,m@a; (J~[1t.b ~wJ;@j.8; 8il6lIlLUUm{h.Y; 09irrmrGurrW. [DLD8;@j8; ~6lIlL~iI®8;@jti> 8ij~ill)i>mfli ~rrLb a:rflUJrrflju uUJfhu@i> @61fTrr"" [DW8;C!!J GGlIm@w fiT"m J!)J tLJ!)Ji)UJrr a; tffJmmj,{OfTeU riJ@jgT.£r)J 6UL§JUJWU,6lIlW [DfTLb jJ.mtvGGlItD{!J (YJl1I-'4w. ~mfT6iJ rovL_Jj)UJ~~~ [DmL(!pmf!) GlIrr~J;ma;u5!m L1JLL~ j1[iJ®8; Gl8irr~@rflJ~ibI ~fliWUJ@umu8; @j6lll{!Ji>~~L8; 8i1_Lrr .{fJJ.

11

[ljwmw1fj :!h6JJ{!Jrr fQJJ!PJJDL1fj@# Qa:6iJ§,3.llW W~:1Jfr a;mr;,rr a; [ljrrw ~6lIlL~@®uu.{fJJ:1Jrrfh. -M6lJfra;w ~.f!)1Lb ruL§JU1W flifT..tr [DLD8i.®1fj G{li6lllWilJUJfT 6UL§JUJ Lb firm j[)l [DW8>@jW W Gflirrrn[!5l~(Jjl~f!).{fJJ. ~wrr6iJ tLOOmLD .,mlPfQJJ6Urov. @u ULfl-UULL firm:1JtLfw GGlJflirr~:!hw GurrilJ;flj~6Umrov. [DmL (!p6lll{!J GlIrrw~ma; {DLDIP 6UL~UJ1fjIPLro ~iJlPuGurr a; GGlJ~(fikb. !fJfljw8irrrov IiillrrW8;6lIla;6lIlUJ, fiTW.f!)JW -MySiUJfT{h [5IfJ!i>{bl)wrrm fQJJrrW8>6lIl8>fl./LWj}mmrUJ#Gia:ti.JluGGlImr(6lLb. GGlI{hrrt5{1iiJi)w 6lIlWUJ8; a;®iJlP [i}!i>1fj ~C!5mLD{hrrm 6TmUm:{!j !Bliila;w ViTuGurrlPw !fJmm~6U Gla;rrmw a6lJ6-m"(~)W. fi'w~(£I tLu5!fr, [iJ®G!1l{h IiillrrW8>6lIlflj, ~)I7mr@ lLrova;riua;m firmj[)l WL(£IW6iJru, fiT"iI~Lb @I)mr@ firmu/p @6Urov(]6lJ [iJ6lJ6'G')rov. Gia:rrrt 8>a;!iiJa;mwu u[iJ(!fl'4W, ~mWilJ Gurrm!D ~~UJriua;mGYTu u[iJ[!5IUJw (!P{h~6U GfQJJ{liffiJa;m 8i1_!DrurrLb•~wrr6U (yJL!pilll6U -M6lJtDt6I..tr tLUJrT~:!h :1JiJlP6lJffiJ a;6YfIm tLm6llt:1fj rovL§J UJffiJ ;mwu a udJ t618i 8i1_.{[)JwG rr~ U ~fiill[iJm{DQUJ6iJrum.b 9IP8>~G!1l@~m!Drn .. j)®UL!l~ ~G'7 fiillrrYl8>rna;,~(]'7 9Lrua;t.b,~G'7 @C!5uLJ~fTm. ViT~rurr(lLD ~dJ~ 9w !f)J:2irr~. (]6lJ.f!)Ju rr(£J fir6lJrurrw ~w~6iJ{brrGrn {b~IJ, ;!bwmwu5!6iJ ~6iJru. !f;LDIP GlJrrYlQf&MW G€lJ!f)Jurr(6l flimrnwu1Jru @rumru. il1/rovffiJ®a;@!J8i.®tb LD~:!hfr a;@!jJ;®w GGlJg)Jurr(£la;w ILwwm, ~6'G')6lJ LDafl1Dfre;m!m tLmr6J1ldJ a;tr a;G6lJ UmL8>a;UULllI-®8>~W{DmfiTmu~Gurrm{!J a;®iJIP 8>a;6'G')w G 6lJ:2irrIhtbW (YJfi;{!5J iJ}Jl.b LDj[)l8;~ f!JIP· G!1ll§@jrrm# GB=rr:1fjmm a;@!J8>e;rr luSl®8iliiJa;mw ~!f)Ju 8 urnflij, :1fj@uu1brrro [D~QruGWmrdJi5ILi6ir fY® <FffiJa;iJm{h ~r;rLbt5JiJ~mwrrfre;w. 9®!f;rrw @d>1b6gffija;1fjrn:!h# Ga:frt5:!h ~®6l.JrflLL.b [Drr..tr, '[DmruGfJ, u51C!5a;ffiJ&rnm 9LmrG6) tDa;rr a;J; Gla;rr6lJfQJJ6l!l{h cEffiJa;w ~iJIP8> Qa;fTw5lp5rra;w, ~mrr~ (la:rr 1fjmm a;@!J,9;a;fT ~rfI(!!J L5)lJrrmfJa;m6rr ""'.!J)l uurn{hiJ a; tDfQJJ fir6irr~ tV If a;(lm,:;j[ j[)l i51 ~m?' fiTrm.f!)J Ga;L GLW .

t..&a;Glf b 6lJ®~1Jjib{h®~m L f!) .re;m.£r)J firm wGi6lJm!Drr6iJ, [DrrLDQa:ri.JILfLb {hWilJ!f)Ja;6lIlmu Uru6J1l1fj8; fljrrl)mrtiiJa;wa;fTLL!f_ LDm~.jjIP, {Dl.£J§JJ (YJLLfTW{hWLDrrm Q{hmliilla;~mll./w ~ m<F fljmwIl./ Lb u rrfr i>{hrr ~ Lb JD Lbm w~ @ ®~{hrr w6iJ

12
~~ri)(.~~6lJ rt, 'uSl®a;r!iJa;mm "liJ r8C5rrm ~!Jrr.uB=8'lJ-.a;rr a; ~.!J)1uu~ Q,g;rr@~w. ~mmiiJ ~m6lJ ~W:f9J fL'iW65ltD8'.rr,g;~ {!j(TW UVOlL8>8'.U UL@61rfOTTm' 6TW[Drrrt. ~®mw 6TWW/W CUrr:f9J ~§ ufI®8'.r!iJ8'.~w'4w aa:rt ~§jJ{!jrrw ®{l5IJ;&J[D§jJ. LD~{!j~W 6lJrrf)J-.ma; ~YillLJrr~§ 6Tm.!J)1 an.{l5Imrrru, ~§jJ Gurrru(]filJ uSl®a;r!iJa;W/w ~rrf)8;ma;ILJW ~ySlUJrr {D§{Drrw. GQI.!J)1Urr(j)a;';'" ~wQ1/ 6U{DrrGm {DfiE1fJ,~wm~uS!6iJ ~GiJru. ~WUrr6lJw [DfTW/W ~W(]!lJ; GQJ.!J)1Urr(j) Gl6lJ.!J)1W ~mw;5/GlJ tDL(j)GW. QJrr~8;ma;uS!wu5)a; lLlLJrt~{D .(][Drr 8;.$Jru @~)'!j CZ6l1!D.!J)Imwa;w WmflJ!bG{!j CZUrr@jw. 4GlJiW8;@jWwrr~iJ!D@jW pL.uS/fib QUrRlU G6lJ,g)JLlrr(j) QtfjrflUJW. ~6Urrru saumone« @L.~iJ6lJ 6J!DI ~r!iJ&J®!b:f9J urrrt~tfjrr6lJ 46UiWW 'wrr(f:fJW V[DJ;@jm[D1U ~m!!)l(]urrru{ljrrm G{!jrrw !!)lLb. ~§CZUrr6U(]i;;lJ uSia;lLILJIT!b1fJUL8'I.1LJ (][DrrJ;iiJru lLUJrt~tfj LD~1fJ~Lb {ljrr~~1fJ 6 ~rur!iJ@jW 9QrG[!J. a;L6lJ~ 6Tm.f!)J 9®~fr !iJ®uum'{!j {Er!iJ&.m- wLbLilml1foU, ~6lJ®8;@, w;5/rur!iJ@ja;~W W~)fjfrr$@9Lb 9ro{!Jrr a;~1DfT~ !iJ®8;a; aQJ~@W. {ljW§ LD~1D8; ®~~mflj a;~LW a;(!Jjm"ILJL~w,w;5/rur!iJ@jJ; @j~thm{!ja;~LW G/;s;rr&fJLDrr &'NW,; @®J;@jW QjLGljW,fJumIUG5JL8; 'Q8irr'-9-U1~fr. . .iML1LJ'4- 9® 81LGljmw QJySlU(j)QJdm{DQ1/L ~rrm .!5ff.Q)l @G>tIJ· lLuS!tfly!8;81:i; 1DUJrrrrrr ; @®8;&JCZ{!JW. a 6Tm~ (yJ@ 6lJfT~'ma;mU1UJW ~®Lm CZulTl)'rr(j)QJiJliiJ {ljrrm G'Ja:~(j)(]tSlJ.~~ mrrru G'ilJ.!J)1urr@81W &JmLUJIT /91. Qurr .!J)1UL.,J!D[!J, ,,"'HiWtD{D, 9w.!J)1w ~!DIfLJrr {DQJfr<!FjCZm @ 06l1.!J)1U rr(j)81w bi)~IiIU1fJrTa;8; an.J!)J@[!Jrrfre;m-. Glo:lJ.JfoUtyJm,J,"~ {!JGlo: rrru fljQJ[!Jrra;u uUJm u(£l~tfjU u@iJwfD ~ffJL.~{DU urrfru(]urrw. ~rrm (!:piJ!DIiJ)Jwrr a; LDrruSie:w c'Frruliilt;_JT{DQJW ~ru6U. ~mrrru· ~~{lj ruL§lUJ~m{lj fbfT6tr4rRth~ Gl81rrw&/G{!Jw. ~m{E lLGfuWUW CUfT~ ~9 {DQlJJ)J 6Twumtfj lL~frg,fJ[!Jm. §l6U @!}~!f;Imru a;6tfJru lJ...6WYiRT(J{1jfrthtfjrr~Lb ~~ Qa;rr'-9-UJ~ 6Tmu~

13 bTwJ-.@j{b G'l1fJrflUJW. @~Ih 6Tm/91 U6U~mB= QO:UJmru wm[!Juutfj[iJ81rre;, ruLs:!UJj,m{lj8; g(J~t6JtD8;@, [bmL(!jJm[!J QJrr!pJ-.ma;uS!w LDL._L~iI!iJ@j8. G'J81rrmr(j)~fJ 8; an.LfT §jJ. LfrurrliiJ g!_mr'iW 8; an.Lrr~, 6T{i;tfj 8LuS!®8;@jW :f9JWUW {ljf) 8; an.Lrr~ f>TwuCZlflj ruL._s:!UJW. f>TGlJrurr JruffiJ@81@9w 6Tmf6J m o:(J81rr1f>f)t a;m- . ~uuUfI Q1/uffiJ®a;mmlLlw c'F(Ja;rrfljlpt a;f4TTrr r l a; $r!iJ81m- a;®f6Jw(Jurrf6J1Drrm, wrrrroJL c'FCZa;rrlfljrr~~QJW LDL._@w.vrurrLDru ~mmj,~ ~mw c'FG81rrlfljf)~f6JQJ{ijilw urrmlhu511iiJ §I{l5IlhrrQJ~ (!:p~(]m!DIUJQJrta;m~103fra;m. .@Q1h.vrurrw @!J)ti>mlflj w;5/mmll..lrrL@fljrrm!@mfDU urufJrr.v 6J!D.!J)18;Q81rrm-w C!:P'4-UJrr 6JQmrroJru @iJ6iJ ~m{DrrL §jJ, {1jmL(yJm[!J QJIT!pJ-.m81mUJ Q1/L@Q1/L.@ruL._§lUJW 9mmtD Gfbrr8;&J (yJroCZm[!J CZQJrnr'-9-u51@8;&/[!J~. ~uu'4@rururT. wliiJ ~mtDrrL 6lJrrlP8;ma;mUJ 9LlJj-UJ 9® Qa;fTm~81mUJ.9; <n..{l5Imrr.v, ~QlIt 81Gir ~m~8= G'lO:UJruc!:pm!D~ufl816lJw g!_a;~1f>~QTrn.!J)1 6.J[iJ!J)18;G)a;rrm-611rrfr . a;m-. ~LJULq..U u~mwu51roJ(!Jjp>~ wrrW)'fTlflj. ~Q1/rr wm !f;I~~alLJ. W~1hfr a;mlLw fiJ®P>~6U@&/[!J:f9J' if}rr'4-;gn_L_ (y)GtrfJW{D fDfTlbiili/®w4filJi).um6U. w~~®m {ijrn{ljuu!iJ¢J ~mr~wauITGl~wiPiTLb, u~u5Iru ILm[!J!6~ GLJffWfilJrt a;mmuu!iJgSJ !5fTQr uLfl..~lflj~{!jrrm [i1~6'SI!D® QJ(!!JfiJ{Df6J' J)/~lflj {ffimrut6J(](i\)GUJ <:!p{QJrt e;m- grfsl{li .iili/(f!jw451[!Jrrfr;g;m-. ~m{lj8; 81mru~a;~rrw (yJUJ!iJfilj{!jrr6b;'6Twmm{ij griiJa; G5J@r!iJa;w, uG"6fluS!ruQffiJ®QJ~ 6T~W6lJ !)",a;wrra; ~@8; &J£fJ~!' 6Tm£i[!Jrrrte;w. ~P>lflj~ 68;!f.~i)G6UaUJ ~~rta;m ~{D(i>~WQ1/@&J{DrrIt 81m. ~w~ ~IUJriJ4w ~QjfilJrrCZ[!J lLmm~.a;rrliiJa;<i1fI6l5I®dia1fJ WfJ8;e;~ ,G'I~rrLriil&/fiE1L._L~, fiT~~Lb [Drrw. gffiJa; mJ(!JjWLj&JG[!JfTw. 6TmaQJ Irfu81Gir ruL.filUJ~m~ J)/mLQJtfj{iJa;rr 81u <JurrfJrrL aQJmr(J;lw. UJrrfJrrQJ~ 9®QJfr QJdi~, ruL.filUJ~~1f> LliiJa;m- !f;IfiG)ru~® @!D8;&/8; G'181rrmr@QJth~, 8LlUfrthlh

14
61JLUltu W ,@6U6IJfT LD~~m{!jU U!b!DI.i; 8j,_[D6JJ ~ dJ~fT6U dPlmflj L.D~8;a;fTfhr'ra;w! 6T~mmU G'lUfT!f)Jj)fljQJmfJ ~~ Q.9'lU..u ey>m[D.9>@jU G'lUfT®dJfljfTflj LDfljGL.D. ~mfT6U lUfTfJrrQJ~ ~®6JJrT uSIa; ~lUfrdJflj 6IJLmlUj)mflj ~mLlU w{ljj)mf!j.9> a;fTL~mrrlOiJ dPlmf!j <iJtDa;/Jf!jlUfTfJfTa; ,@®.9>8ilG[D~. L/6IJbIlf!wuriua;G15l6YTlLjw
461Jwa;GYfJw u6IJdlmj)mf!jlLjw urfldJ~ GU8i-U6JJrflLW 6T8=cuf/.i;ma;lUfTa; @®riua;w. lUfTfJrr6JJ~ dPlUU~UULL ~® 6JJ¢/mlU.9> a;fTL~mrr6U, ~mf!j.9> Ga;L@ J!iL8;@jW ~ U urrt;;£]a; 6YT m {!j t W 4 filJbUa;@!J.i;@j dPI~ G15l LDUJtt 6rr tt t wmr~rrriua;L~a;6'tTrr a;Gru @®uGurrw, &®Gurr lP1w ey>~GbIfT[D wrrLGLrrw. {!jrr~r @/Jf!jma;lU 6'EI~lUriua;m6'tT ~~a;wrra;u urrr'rj) jl®8;~G[DbU, ~rua; dPlWlU6JJW 6Tm.9>@j8=U/{6I~ ~mr@. 6Tm {!jrrL~6U LDf!jU Ul rflGl/a;Gtr a;fT6YTrrwa;fjIJ)6YTUG U1T~ !f)J ey>mw 8; 8iI W [Dm . ~ oo@ G f!j rr !f)JW 4 $I tu Ul rfI Glja; GfljfTw!DI8;G'1a;rrmrGL @®.9>@W[Dw. ~6lJ{iJ.f!)lW 9® 6'EI~lU j)m{lj {!jrrw a;6JJ~ :!b~wGwm; f!jG15l<!FlU trectre« @!Af!j LD~fljmm, gLoomLDw~f!jWLW ~w.f!)lu@iifi).i; 8j,_[Drrflj tSlrflGlja;w wL@Gw 6JJWrT8ilw[DW". Quwfha; ~61J8ilw ~fJ6JJrrfJriua;mw uSla;Gl/1LJ rTdJ{lj ruLU/lUriua;@!jLw <!FWfJ <!FU u@/J~~~, &LGlfmw LD~f!j ~m6IJ8;® @[D.9>®ru~ Gurrw[D Glumil.9> a;(!!jj,~.9>ff,w ~ww @Lriua;GYfJ6U6T6Ururrw dJ)/¢/Gru 6l1Im6YT6JJrr ~~fTlDrr ~. 9Hua;u utDJ!)J.i;a;@!j8;@j a;.

15
Q<!FrrrT8;a;:!bfi){b@jW [.fJfJ a;:!b$lrD@jw ~ww G6JJJ!)Jurr@ dJ)/6YT6l1I6UL@Gw; w 6JJrr~~{b@jw W(J~ :!b$l!b@jW ~ww G6lJ!f)JUfT@W ~6YT6l1Iru WL@GW. ~a;, @dJflj ~rua;:!b fi)iJ)Jrn-w G6lJ!f)JufT@a;Gtr 6TlOiJrurrw ~w6'El6Uf!jrrGw f!j~fJ, f!jwmL.Du1I6U .@6Umru. ~l11-LjurnLu5IGU GT6Ururrw 9wG[D ~..urururr! GTGUrurrw &mG[D. GToo~wfTa;, 6JJrr!p8;ma;lUfTa;, ~Lrurra;, ~WLDfT6JJfTa;:!b f!jwmm Q6lJGYfJuU@:!bfi)J; G'Ja;rrwrufffi ~~G6JJ. GQJ.f!)lurr@a;rjr GT6Ururrw ~W6'El6U L.DL@GW. GTwG6lJ [.fJw~ ~w6'El{b@j euemrn f!jQJrT a;fjIJ)WI f G'J6lJJ!)JJ;a;{!jW8;@j iLrflmwu1IGUmru. lUrrmfJlLjw GlQJ!f)J8;a;rr fhfr a;w. (YJUJ-dJ fljfT6U ~{ljt;;£] G'1 !FuJlLjlfiJa;w. @GU6IJrrt;;£]LLfTGil < GU<!Frrl.DGUma;a;mw.9> a;LUJ-8;Qa;rroo@, /Dw .9'Ga;fTf!j(Jr'r a;WfT8i/lU ~6JJrT a;rnw 6lJfT!p:!bfffir5Ja;rn-. ~QJrTa;w {ljriua;w 6JJy5Iu1IGfilJGlU(!pmGm[!5Ju Gurra;L@w. §lGy> .@c!:puu~w Q6lJ.f!)lUU~w G'1.9'UJ6ULJrflILjW (!p(;lfl[DUJ6U6IJ. GTtB~8:Gl.9'ILJiJ)Jw ~dJ{!j QJy5Iu1I6U.9'rr$lJ;a;uuLLi)6Um6IJ. {BfTW [.fJw(lfJmLlU ~tb!Dru ~mm:!bm{!jlLjw w{iJ[D6lJrTa;mw.9> @jmflJan..!f)J6lJ$l6U

III

~6f)filJ8;® LD~f!jmW" @¢/GljU@j,f!j.9> dJ)/6JJmm8;&L6l/w {bIm6IJ.i;@j~UJrT/J{lj G6JJoo@w. ~Gf!jG6JJm6'tTu5J~ @dJ{lju UlfJ 8=U/mm.9>@j .wtDG'I(Drr® u.i;a;(lfJw ~ww~. {!jrrw wtD[D6JJrT;m6YT G'16JJ!f)J8;a;8; a 8j,_Lrr /PI. /Drrw 6TIOiJGrurr®t.iJ 9GfJ ruLU/lU:!bmf!j G{!jrr J;~GILJ Gumil8;
~~mLDlLJrr@jW

8j,_Lrr~,

ID'5JWrT Fluugw @jm[Dan..!f)JQJ4J)w UUlm{b[D (!pm[Du1IlOiJ 68bWrr.t.@jQJ{!jfT@jw. [.fJrrw GTGUGwrr®L.b ~GfJ G'1urr®mwGUJ UfTrT.t.~G[DrrW, <iJ{D8;@m[DUJ9GfJ ruLU/UJj,mflj G{!jfT8;~aUJ GurrtU8; Qa;fTooUJ-®.9>~G[DfTW. {BWuSlmLGlU ~Girw G6lJ!f)Jurr@a;@!Jw QU(f!jwurrwmwfL/w Q6lJW!UU@:!b§# 6JJ$liWww GQJ!f)JLJrr@a;w 6TWum{!j.Q; a;irruuGufT 8;~6U {brrm [.fJrrw ~~tt~G[Drrw.

GU ro--wfT;@j~G[Drrt.iJ. 8
~rD[Drn6IJu <iJG'lmooru

Qa;rroo~®.i;@G[DfTw. urudl W:!bfi){iJ@jW uruiifil{iJ@jw ~ww Gru!f)JUfT@, ~W6'El6U LDL@GW; f!jrTwj,i!{b@jW ~ f!jrTwiifi)tD®w ~ww GIilJ!f)Jurr@, ~Wt;;£]6U L.DL@Gw;

UfTQJW 6Tm[D a;(f!j:!bm{!j GT@j,IP/& G'1a;mm-@!jriua;w. ~~u!b[!5J GQJ{!jrr!h1fjW8n.!f)JQJm1fj fiJuOurr fffi ~a;@!J8;@j8= Q<!FrrmGmm. LDtb[D a;(f!j:!btlP LDOO{!jmaru Utr G'5I 6TW./!)J a;®~~{D~. Q<!FUJ6U(!pm[Du1l1OiJ ri)fJmr@t.iJ fjwG[D; fjm!f)J ~LwurrLUJ-6U r!Tn.!f)J~{DiPl, LDtDQ{DfTW.fJ)l GT$lrrLDm[Du1lru <!Fn..!f)J8iI{DtlP· fjW!f)J WOO1fjWl8;@ ~QJar~ QJ~mWmlU8;

16
8irrL(j;I@!DtPI, w[bQ£I)rtw.ff)i UbV@m~~{!j.9; 8irrL@~!DtPI· UbV@mt.b . ~®.9;8ibVrr zh, ~ mrrru ~~{!jUU [b{!5l.9> 8i6lJ6'6)bVUULrrfbfr8i~, [5rrw @Jli'fr1J C:6lJoo(j;lt.b ""tW!iJ{!)/!Jl C:@J!jrr~{!jt.b. { w~{!jw t51{D~{!jC:UITC:{!j C:[5rrtiJ8i@!)w 8ioo(j;lt51LgAj8iu

17
,@6iJrnbV. tE:file;Wf:;H;~{!jILILb 6lJGlJbV6lJIT !Er5J8iG1r. 8im@~C:QJ Gla=UJUJ (!jJUJ-ILJW.' g6iJbVrTW

uL@6l1ILLm. ~QjQ6lJrr®6fJ®i>@jW {btW C:[5rrtiJ Q{!jrf/ILJW. ~~{bU t51{!JIT Q emrubV G@JOOIlJ-UJi)ru6'6>6lJ. ~ 6lr tt 6iJ G[5rr~UJuu[b!Dl guGurr~1:b ""OO~.9;Q8irTmrGL '@®UUtPI [5W~W8; @jmruu@~{!jrrtPI, ~{bdJ@j w®~/!Jl G6lJ..m-@t.b.[fJfTWQ6lJG1f)uSi~oirGYl' f)f6'6>{blL/wW{!)~/!Jl ~LbVrTW, [fJ rubV@JIT rn GYl' uC:u tt 6iJ [61lJ-.9; 8i 8i6lJtt W. ~ aT rr 6iJ [DLD/!Jl LJru@ aTr5J8i~ {1jLD.$@jDm{!)rT8i~ Q{brf/ILJW. U6lJfJl aTr5J8irnli'fr [ Q8irTmrUJ-($uui/6iJ U6l)W ~m- .!l)JuSlrurn6l), UbV ~ rn {b QJIi'fr IT~ /Pl.9; Q ,g; fT G1r@jr5J.!Ii . sr U G U tt .:fM t.b ~ U6lJ@~j;6'6>{6 Qa;rTm,UJ-®uu/!Jl UbV~rn{!j QlGY1' fr .$@jW 6lJy5/1ll 6iJbV er m-Jl)J Gw {btt~ {bW <'Fti..[f)J@{!)/Pl. U6l)~m~gJ!D~U urf!a;rT"W U6lJ~",{!j lffi~muuC:1D {bG61lJ,

IEilQ[5{!51Ji C:8ifTLurr(j;l8iW. [5rrw !F!D./J)J8; §lC:!/! fj}{!)r5J@ ~wdJm!D ""Qj6fJrr!J)l [D8ilJ 6lJrrYli>rn8i, !iJlJrrw 6lJrr!p8;.ma;, C:{!j~UJ IGllrTf.P8;me;, ~QjQwrr® [_1jITLllJ-mrf/1IM @j@WU WrTYl8;rn.$ 6TrW./J)J[Dw/!Jl ~dr!DrTL 6lIrTYI.9;ma;u5!ru Gla=/LJ..u(!jJm!Duu(j;I~~6lJ~1 g~U",{!jU urrrn._jGurTw. LD~wm {iJ®.9>!iJW{D {iJL~iI-u, !iJ®';;!iJfiiiT{D lffimbVuiI-u §J® LD{bW ~6lJ~8;@jlj UU1~ULGUI-U~HilJ ""Gig£l)rrru ~{!jwrr6iJ Qurf//LJ uUJ~ ~W.!!)IWI-Urn6U. ~~Gle;rtw.m8i 1llGYl'~wi) WL@t.b .fJ®51bVrf/Lw !iJ®';;@jW, ~ru6lJGY1'(i)j1hrrfiiiT. W~$6@jbV~i1tb@j W{!jW UlDmUL G6lJwm@wrrmrr-u, W~{!jrn~UJ-6'6>LDU1rTe;C:IGllIT${b~@r.rmrre;C:QJtr {j)ysJ[5:!!3 rumrre;GIGll{f ~tiJmwuSi-u HLlllrr[5{blGllmrrOi(JGlJrr gdi{!j @rnruu51~L.b ""ffiJ!iJ<!!J[5{!jrr:ww e!JI /Pl~QJ~J;@j# sicuxt 8i8; rnc$Gl8irr@.9>8i GGlJOO@W. GGlJ{!jrr[5{bJi GilirrLUrr@8iW, w{!j~ilw bVLUlLUW ""W.!f)J 6T~6lf QULUrf}iU· 8n..{!5ImrriJ»W @m:!!3# a=rr@uu@-U{!jrrrm ~{!j~ lffirntD~"HL,"GYl'jpJ. ;{!jGtimwt51.9;rn.$ Q)L_51LUW [fJwi.®dla;uQurf/u.JilL{!j~ UJrT@jw.: ' OOd>i!hi; ~Gtim-Lbt518; ma; 6T1iiJ<!)W HLua~iiJ8;O;U u L@ , Q a: III -U<!.J!mpJ t616iJ t51rir u iJ{DU U @ LD tr m rr 6U [DwWlmLC:LU fL,,"GYl' ~mlJ)8i@!)W 6u.JlJr5J8i@!jwQU@jW urrSJ1t.b ~fJl{5~~@Lb. wml{!j 6lJ",wfTtbm{!) (JjJ@ru~w urrfr.;;~waurr~, ""~{!j ~G~rr Qu~~rr IGlllJbVrr[b{!5l6iJ ~f,!)UqL~ ~GYl'I5Jj)mrrrr8iW 6TW~.u, ~{!j!D@j, LD!D[!J miiJQ)fTQJtbrn{DllJwQ))L (!jJ8;!iJLU8; 8irrf}'mrw ~IGllIT a;GTr ~ {!j~mt.bt518;m8i{brrGti. t51{D{5{b~G6J(j!j~~, [DffW ~!DUUmLLUU aurr~a{DGtr 6TW{D m;mmT~~Lw;tr~QJfr8iW 6lJfTf.P[5 {!jrr fr ~!Dd>~6lJrr 8i,," ~ mrrrr 8iW. fiTQj~GTrQJ (!jJLg-IlJC:wrr ~Qj(jj)JGYl'(i)j {brr!p{5{!j [ffi.mbV.9;@j §?@GlJW G'J8'itr{!JrrSJ1 iJ~QlJm ~@ C!:P!JL@i; ~mf1#a=~L. (]U)(;)6lJ@!hfP/, f4.

""mr~8;

""mrmfli;

lUI

uwufJlaT~",{!j {ilmmuu{!jru6lJ. bJtba;m06fJ {!ir5Ja;~ lLm-61fI®.9;@jW ~!D{!)mru UJ~ {!iITBl@!)8;@j f)f(f)l'j,~i. <'Fti.l)l r5J.$~. LD~{!jfr c$~1i'fr U urr6l1l8iW ""~ l)l ~./J)JQ;Jm{6 '6l1IL@6l1IL(j;I, ~{!j[b@j LDl)lU.9;c$~rn{!j 6T@~/PlJi Q8imflr~{D/!Jl C:6fJ{!jrTW{!jW; 'tE gtiJrnwUJrT~6lJ~, J.J,1J~LDrrm6lJ~, tE $imW8;@jW urrGlJW ""WUfP/lLm.9;@j lL.rf/lUtPI ~ru6lJ' Vitm!f)1 ~./J)J@{D/!Jl J//!Jl. ~~w G'l6lJ61f)u urrLIlJ-~ u5]a;j, {brr~~1h @mbV8iC:W UrT6lJr5J8i~. tEffiJ8i~ ~~LDrri&w ilLWfr[51h @m6lJrnlLJ Q6lJ61f)uu@~ fPJr5JH>m-.~.{6JaQltB)'mm6l1lruQH>rT m-GYl'UUL C:QJ~,(El6lJ /!Jl. [5rTW ~.m6MQJ<!!Jt.b ~m{!i# Qa=tiJUJ (!jJUJ-ILJW. '(!jJL9-lUrr fP/, 6T~mrr6iJ ~lUwurT lif' ~ l)l WL(j;IW Qa=rr6iJbVrr$fr 8i~. tE r5J e; G1r et ru rn.vlU [b {!JGlJIT .!Ii~ • c$ tr bV(!jJ t.b {j) L (!jJ W

a;w,

w,t

~L,

iL!fu8im-

{j)U16iJ4L~

~LJL51(!)lt.bC:urr/!Jl §?rW ./piJw

18 ~~grWUl8;~8ifL/L~ ®a;@w G{!jIJW 5l~.[[)J 6lJJbG~ ~®tD. ~IJWUj,@GruGUJ {!jfTtD @~~~ GI~rfIJbfblQa;fTrn-6lJ~ {DWrufbl.{!jL.D8;(§j, ~~mwt5l8;~a; (ill6YT1J 6J~ @Jb~8; .g;lFUUfTm ~WU6llffiJa;rn61WrufTW? L.D~fDrT&.~a.t;)~L u5J W ZL.itTett G 1OlI.f!)J U rr (]jl a;~8;® 61 ~ ru rTW .g; tt IJ~ W .,,~grwUleii~a;fL/w ~.@ ~~rufT@(!!)UUiDJGLD 61~U~1h8; 8irrrmTrurTW. ~~m~~fDiLfw 1hmfiMwt5l8;~a; lFfT@eii(;!!jW. 61~ 6lJrT£p8;~diu5J~ {!jrTGm ~~~ ZL~rTJb~®8;~GtD~; @m.{Ww ZL~r'r%iDJQ8ifT.t.q...®8;~GCOW. ~m8;® 6lJUJ.@ 6J{lJ"JCO~$lfJ {DWt5/8;~.g; 6lJ6YTrT~Gfb6lI®~!D~. 1liW!i6flLW {DWtSl8;~8i @~rurr~6lIam {.6fT:iiiJa;~. a;LQlmlLw {DwUleiima; @wrurr1h6lJ~gr {Drr~~8iw 61W,g)J U~fPlLJ LI>1hffiJ8irna;,_p5)m. LJ~ LD~GLI>rT1li~~LW {Dwt5/8;ma; ~6iJrufT:!b6llGm [!jrri>®.g;w 61~~fDiDJ· ~mrTw ~Jb1li {DWt5/8;61J)8i,§:lg5/UJ-[!jrTW 61mU~~8= <FfTr'r{b~fDfT; [i}(!!j8;8i.$ a c!TnL_rr~. 6JQm'OO~ 'fP®600LDGILJ 6lI~fTli~i1w G Ga;rTL.urr(]jl. rE~8ia6YT~~~ ~fblL.DfTfDrufTW ~~m:ttff)~w {.6WtSl8;~~ Q8irr.itT6lI~. 61WUG<jb @<jbW G'iUfT@riff.iLffiJ8i61f}LW tBffiJ8irn- ~mLJQ8irrGlr6l.l~ 61mu~ ~~m:iJiI~w, ~ <jbrr6lJtJ)J~rutit~a;GStfI~ W LDtb!DgWrufTlOlItbg5/LQJJW8QL ~mLf Qa;rrw,6lJ(lfj. tBffiJ8i@!jWgwrurTcy>w'fPwGtD· @{b<jb GLDrurTm[!jwt5l6;6lf)~GUJ ZL~IiIf><,Jj8= §:lfD8><!b8=Q<FLiJlljw. [!jrrw {j)~~ ZL.fl)J$Jl1.Irr {!jWLj 8iJGCOm. 8i a;!ii1fIw

19 Ga;rTlf-u1Jru 'fPC£? u®iJGIU QQlrotf)UU@j,~u uL_(]jlm6YT~. gmGQJ urubflmw gw.{W :L~a;rn6YT8= Q<FfT~6l5I8> Qo;fTrn-mfT~r'ra;w. QQJ61f}uurnLUJrTa;~ G<jb rotr ,ff)JW fiJ Ii fb @biJQjo;@!;8>Qa;rurufTW IT t.5l w m tr 6iJ ~wQmwm 8'8>@a;w iLw""m gwuiDJ ~a;~8>® ~uu'-9-:iJ GJ<jbrHUjW?iJ...jfuo;w ~tD{!fI6l5Iw a;@&6YTGQJ!Et!iJo;w ~ {!5lti>~w~ r'ra;w. 61W6lS>ruUJtDfD ~!D!D~ W!D,g)JW ~~rn~lUtbfD ~mth~i>@w a;LGU ~o;@!;rn:LGTrW'~. QJJ<jb..oJW @Jb<jb ~wwrrm6lJUu!D!J518; Ga;Lo; C:6lI~ (]jlw. {Et!iJo;rn-~Jb<jb ~wL.DrrC:6lJ 61wum<jb ~6iJiJ)lW ua;SJlw Ga;L(]jl 6l.IrT(!!jriua;w. ~d;~ 61mrmrw guiiJa;Gir [!jfTt.q...£[JIJWLj a;C01TJ6iJ 4®W6lI~1J, ~o;w fj}wGl6lJfT@ iDJ61f} IJi>fbi>iJ~w 8i~ri>/bf /bft.q...8;@jW6lJrnV, !l.A.ta;w <j!j6lS>8'uS!SJlW g~wtSJ~w !d&1!,ff)JW6lJ~IJ, ~rnflj @IJGlJU8j~fTa; guiiJa;~8;®wG6YTGlIJ 8'a,.[f)Jriua;Gir.£[JfTW t.5lfDUUtDfD6lJW, @tDuutb!DQlW, ' Gurflwu wUJWfTm6lJro, g6iJrufTW ~{!fId;<j!j6lJW, IOTGU6lJrTLb 6lJ6iJG'lJ6lJW, ~rotr.f!)lW wa;j,fljfTffi ~WWfT' grotD @ri>flj ~av ruL~lIJj, fljrTGU !l.A.t.g;Gir ZLLWL/{@rnfDri>@®8;a;L@Lb. {j)IJGlJua;rufT.g; ~rn<jbC:UJ 61m~riuo;Gir; ~~ lLriu.!T.W QlfTy,8;rn.g;'4L6M .g;ruffi/bffPw .!J)JLbQJ~V ~m<j!jaUJ ~d;illLlffiJ.g;rn-, ~m~GIU @UJfT~ILIt!iJa;w. ~~Gt5I@£5/bf Q<FUJrurryb{D6VQ6lJ61fluu@w. '@~IU {ffirntDGlJ a;rrlJV>mWfT.g; 6lJrTtU .Gu.g;.!iltD~.' @<j!jUJ {ffimfDQlfTGruGUJ rna;a;~w Q8'UJGU Ljrfllt/w, Q<FUJrurr!DtD~ {ffia;@w. [i}ffi~ ruL_8?;lIJ~~fTGUlLrfiJ.g;mrFIT{ffirnfDIlJriu.g;w.tCffila;Gir ~~<jb8= Q<FtU~rr~LbfiJrnfDGlIJ a:1jillLlriJ.g;Gir. fi/ffi<j!j8= §:lJb~mu1Jro ~tDtDrurT~ lLriua;w Q<FruG'i).g;w ~rnm~~Lb QU(l!J8i.g;uu@w, LDfT .f!)lUfT(]jl ~mLILfUJ, Q~tUrdJ a;WrT®W. ~LUQUfT(!!jGir 6lJGt5lrnwllJrrm.@J fiTmfDfT6iJ ~{ii~rnm ~bi.lrufTW6lJ6iJru~. @ffi1licf 81d;<j!jrnm ~.g;w 6lJfTy,8>ma; u5l6iJ (!jJjj@mlJ U@8;a;L_@W. ~6iJrurrw 6t/riiUru !fLriua;w ~tDfD6iJ, tU!J8jW 81fDUL/, ~.!T.W W!il6lS>W @rn6lJu!D[!5iUJ

1111 ,

... f
,

'gmrnmuuJbp51 ~m8;® ~wrufTW Q~rfIILfLb' ~m.[[)J tL.~wuSiw tLJ!)Jf;ILfLW 8Q!D 6l}wru6llGm LD~fb(!Jjm ZLILJr'rJb<jbQlW. ruiiJ~~ tLL~8;®U t5lwmrrw ~Q/6l.I""6lJ <F8>~, 61i>~~ffi ilJ~ ~tbtD~8iGir, GIOlI8iffita;Glr 616UrufTW LI>~fD~~m""grw;rmuf[)J gLffila;~8>®i> G'i<jbrflILfLDrr?LDm:Jfb mI~6'fr6YT ~rnmdirn<jbllJw ~{!fI{b~ ~@jl8rrm:J UJrrlJrT6lJ~ :~@8>$I!DrTr'ra;6YTrr? LDmI~W G<jbrrw{!fI Ga;rTt.q...8;8i~8;a;rrm ·~.@8iW a;¢J%.@~LLm; ~OO@)lw ~6l.I6U~ ~!D!D6iJ

20
UI{61fjrnmUJ rrG'iJ ~c!hrnro{6Irn{!JUjliilc!hW, ~&W 1fjrnruu5)G'iJ rJPL [DwU).9>mc!h fiT iPllOlJW L/c!hrri)(!!j.9>c!h8;c!hLIOlJW ~(!!j~ ,-/rflUJL@Lb! U){!JUU)~(!!j{6(]{lj [j)~1fjmc!hUJ rJP4wU)8;mc!h8iW {6ww~ .:~!J).9>8iW Q8'5W~:{!jfTUJG'iJ fij(!!j.9>®L.Drr.f!)Jw [DUJiPl IOllWTr8=UlmUJ.9> Q8i@.9>~m[lJ uru~ww, ~~LD (]UfTGirr{D c!h(!!j~~.j;c!h~ [DwmLD8= @fJ~lOllm1fjU;W 8iLIOlJW :{!j@uurrlJfTc!h! uSlc!h iLUJTr{61fj, uSlc!h8=UI{!J{6:{!jiLlOWmLDc!hmw ~tDlUJQJG'iJ6lJ fiT6lf)1U UfTm1fj8imw LD~1fj~r ~mLUJ.9> 8iLIOlJ~ c!h(!!jm~ Q5tUQJfTlJfT8i! LDmJ1fjm @QJtiJm{D.9> 8iL~(]1fjUJrr8i 06lJ1OWLSJu5)(!!j 8; ~ [lJ~ . iLJii18i W U) W at rr 6U QJ Cf!j U 6lJ Tr8i f!E!j8;@jU urrm1fjmUJ (]w5Ww 8iLfJ-mLD~8;8ifT~Tr8iW. @m QJ ~ ru (].QJrn ro- 9>6lf)G'iJ G 8i rr LSJ- Q c9; rr W G1fl8i UJ 8iWfT 9>~ (]1fjrrw.f!)J W. @~1fj8; 8i(!!jiJ~.9>8imw 8; (]8iLLrrGru [D@ffiJ@jU6lJIi"a;mw [Drr m 9>~ LSJ-(!!j8; {Dm • ~ m- rr G'iJ 8iI(] [j)6lJ!iJm[lJ9: Q8'UJG'iJQPm{D8;@j8". Gl8irTmr@ fillIJGfiI((!JWL/UQJtt 8iW (!:fJ1fjmQPfhrurTlJ, ~(l5IUJ (]QJooLSJ-UJ UfTLW b9J4»(]6lJ. {BffiJ~~ uruq;{] wit fiTW!!)J gufu9>f!E!j.9>(]a;rr U)£D<!!J.9>aa;rT f;<!!J (]urr4»w 8n../DrriTra;w. QPLSJ-rE1fjfT6U iL6l)8iltiJ@j [DmmLD G5tUU;ffiJ8iW, ~ 61lT rrru ~61fjLDG8'ti.JUJrr"tt IJ,W. luiiUli61fiW $ffiJ8ia..". :{!jrr!,j)~i)8". (illJ,rTWIOlJ ; a;!iJU6l1TJW G1fjtUQlriiJa;61firo~ ~ (]{6rr8".8i/u U)lJfTl[;~~uuiPl fiJffl!!)J iLrliia;w (f!jjJ)J~UJ firlOW~Iiiia;@!jwurulOlJ W eg>'-""{6WUl8;61fiIJ,8i(]ro- .firWU 4» i!...Iiii8iW /A.Ww~i)tiJalJ, Q1fjrRu;Lb. iLliiilJ,w t5JlJ'rrTr~:{!jrnm {6Im{DG6lJ(l5IUJ~ ~W jJ)J 9(!!j .g:wu6lJ~m{D firWJ>@j8; 8ifTL(jiJIiiia;w ufTrtS4>rurrw. {Briila;w GU.f!)JW ~mL8iW ~mw~~w ~8i6fr riJ1fjUJffiJa;~~®~G{lj t5l{D~{hG1fl6lJ. GUtU firW[!Jf;ffl,{g) .@G'iJmru firwu4» [DLD8;@j~ G{ljrfJILjW. ~mrT~Lb @®GTfIfiiJ {6I!iJ8i G{6Tr{6{ljrTiV 6J'G{ljrT f}wlf)J [Dww4» fJ§'f!tt6lJ4» Gurrw/D iL~Ii"#~ QJth~6l1J@8iI{D~. 6JGm-mJiU [Drrw @j~rEm1fj8iwrT8i @®~16aurrG{l), fiJiJ{Dma;1U ~9:5rJPL@Lb 1J,(!!j~4»8;IJ,W {6L.D ~lj!G1flWu5)bV

21
i1~8;8iUUL@~LLm. IF(ljJfhrrUJ~@tiJe;rra;(]6lJrr, {6mrUTr 8i61f/w GQJ.f!)Jumu8= 5Lburr~8;1J, (]{6®W frrWU{DUJ8irra;GQJrr, $OOL a;rrruw QJWi1T!'r!i>~ QJ~fh rJPL ~WU)~G1fl8i8i~~ fiJ~!i>~ 61l1(E)(]QJfTW (;J"WU{l)tDa;rrr!Jj(]Q}fT, GfiI~rr 8'~ffiJ~@!fo®~ UUJ!i>GfhfT [j)~1fjm8iUJ a;®iJ~8".r!Jj~ UJr!Jjr!Jj@!j8i@j5 Gl5rrru 6tJrriTr8iw. @QJUJG1fl{D~L8;8iI ~@!JffiJc!hW! U)IJUc§8'~@ffl f;®mw, 1fjmwwU14G1fla; [j)61JtiJG1fl{Di; {D6'6IfJGUJ5Ww r!JjtiJUl8;8i LIJ{DiJilfiiJ (]QJlf)JfoTfflrn- fiJC!¥>8iI/D4»? ~u5)IJ8;r!Jj~8;a;rrm ~OO@ofT,wrr~ LDafI{D @j~Lb @!i>~ f;alJ ®tDJ8;Ge;rrmm G{6rr 8;&;/OUJ Gl5m If)J Glr!Jjrr~LSJ-®8i8il{D.@. fiJw~w @1fj!b8irr 8iOQJ tLmfP~.@8;Gl8irr~LSJ-®,j;8iI{D~. @uGurr ~ iLffiJr!Jj~ uffiJG1fl8i. !E1iii_8iwGl8'UJUJ ?QJOO@UJ. UJr!Jj@!j8;@j iLOOG1flLD Gl1fjrfl{6~wm~. foTdiJ@jLD fiJ~aQJ a;tiJt5)8;8iU u@!iI{D~. {DiJ~QJ(!j)Lb wm;j)IUSJlt.b LDL@Watlru, :L6lJ8irrUJ1fj m1Jc§l§rTwffiJ8iwa;u_ [iJmiiGUJ <fia..[f)l8ilw/Dm. UlfJUc9a:iJi)w 9®G'G"JwmUJ w!J)J.9;@jW 6"51c9r§rr~ f>fffiJ~®8;£JtDmt? Ubi) l!L6l)lJ,riiJr!JjG'G)WU utb!l5lil Gua;u6lJTr8i6lr usmt @®8;8iI{Drrrtr!Jj6lr? @mQJ miUrum.D rJPL.:..fDt.bUl~mr!Jjr!JjC:~. !ilZfJ !f}® 6lJrr!,j)8;G1fl8i1fjrrm riJ®.9>8iI{D~· d/~LJrr6lJ ~6lJJT.QP_LJ) fflm.f!)J{lJrTm @®8;971{D~. @{6{lJ ~®QJrr!p8i~8iU;LD, ~(6~ fflC:1J L~8i(!:fJw{lJrr.m [DLD8;@jU UQ)QJfT 8i1fj G{lJ~/D{DLD ~~8;g){D~.~!i>1fjU UfflmLD G6lI,ff)Jd) 8iwGl/ Gurrm{DG1fj. {6rrw e;wlOlJ a;TT~W(]Llrr /Dl. ~~.f!)l LDfMtD!i>{l)~W Gfhrrutth~ LD!iJG/DTTW,ff)J6lI®8il!fJ~' 8i61fT@)6iJ (BiiJe;m QJrr!p6lJjatl_m~. f;6iJG!lOlJrr® r!Jja(QI/T 8), a;rrLU}8i@juUlar8ifT,:-Ulu.:rr a; ~8i~ QPwwrrbV 6'6Irfl8il~!Vw./A.6lJ97Iw 6"51Gl!ttrut:!PUJ ~UU'-'I-~1hrr~. [i)uGUTT ~~~wGl1fjrrmr~.f!)J 8'~GfJ1fjW ~~U(!j)LD U~~ .!FWd]:£Ow ~mury>Lb /A.ww~. ~®G~mlOff •~ {6rTLIJ,r@j8;@juUl{D@j G{lJrTOO~ If)J ,lF1fjGU fD_LD_ U;iJfP_5U1 j)®uu~Gurr6iJ C:1fjfTro{DrurTW.~~~~ Gla:rr~ a;8iwf>fm,ff)J ~61fikPUGUfTW. ~wrr6'i> @61fiQJ foTbVQJrTW LD61SJ/D[D~, /A.6lJ8iClw

22
Q;Ll4lIm tt c!Ji Lb Q actt If> ~ {!j ~ ro- UJtt G 6lJ c!Ji Gl.J ill tt c!Jifilj b L L G9fjrr~ g)Jw G{DIJW ~~.[!)J UJa;rrw c!Ji@)B;@j 6lJ(!!j8;)[D~. 6TtOIfTG6lJ ilLmrrnUJu5Jru uso ilLwa;rkJc!JiW @GiJrnw, ueo 6lJrr!p8;rnc!Jic!Jis" .@rurnru. @1f>{!jU u~rnUJj, G{!jrrtb[DrkJa;s" 6T~WrTl.b ~GIJ UlJwQurr®rotfI~ GlfDlJ~Uurr@c!JiGIlif(. ~ffi9fj ~G!J umo Qurr®w9fjrrw eJjL.LJQurr®w, It;u;nrfrfilj, 6T~~Lb 6TWjJ)J ~6'(5)~j,9fjrrc!JiI4llLb G{brr~.[f)l8;)[D~. ~~G[D u(jl)6lJrrc!Jiii {!jro6'(5)~ (;)6lJ~uu®iJ$Jc!i; (;)a;rrw8;)[D~. 6TI01fTG6lJ[DUJ~ (!fJ#i~ G6l.I6'(5)ru 6T~~Q6lJ~[DrrGiJ @If>#i iL~6'(5)W6'(5)1LJ[DrTl.b ilLrim"fr6l.l~W, ilLGUfildJ@j# Qacrr~6lJ~GUJ. @ffi{b ilLGUc!JiQwrkJ@jW @1f>9fj ruL~ILJW 6T$JGlCm6l5/c!i; c!JiL@W, r:J:jJL[JjLbt51c!i;6'(5)QjQ;WW6'(5)fDILJL@W. ururo~fr c!JimlLW fiJ~#i,g, Qacrr~~riilQjw. w~@ww~@w GlacrrruS)JrkJc!Jiw. $ DtiJrnwlLJrrtOlfT6lJ~, tE ilLfDrkJfillLJ~ Gurr ~Lb, bVI !f/iJGl{b@,@t6#iii ff;flc!i;Q;W ilLtOIfT ilLQ;If>f!J:if)ruru, 8;@j bVI !f/ iJ Q:if)@ , @fPJ iL m 8;@j.ji {!j8; a;:if)6iJsu, ilL~ (i5)101fT U U filJr;;{J 101fT W , ~ dJ u W 6T~ .[!)J 6T~ rim" rrG:if)! 6T6iJru tr W 6l.I6iJfilJ6lJG~, bVly5)iiGl{!j@. iLm~ iL~6'(5)UJ fijlLJ"u6'(5)U Q6lJ61fIU u@:iJ~. iLrornm U u tt bVI 6Tro .f!)J a;®~6lJ fPJ ilLt01fT8;@jLJ Glurr C!51f>{brr iLro-6'(5)6"5rU uwro ~W fPJ. 6T~ .f!)J £tl6'(5)~UUfPJ ilL~8;@jU QUrT(.!!JIf>#irr~. @rn{!j iLru8;)[iJ@j8; 8n.!J)J,ilLlO1fT8;@jW 8n.J!)J.Gl:if)rrLfr{i;~ 6lJ®W 6l1I(i5)mrnGliu utttt, WlwlO1fT"uG6lJc!Ji;{h$l6b 6TUUIJt- ~mffij,~w Q6lJ~uu@~!D~, 6TUUIJt-, uur !J)JfiI[D~ fiTwum{!ju iut«, @rn6lJ 6TtiiUrurr6lJdJrn[D ILfw UJ~{b ac(!fJ{brrlLJ/J$ldJ@jQ;8n..f!)J,~6lJtb{!5lw ~{iJ!D~GUu u[iJ[!5/ 6T@;{h~c!i; an..f!)J, L5)wffilT 6TUUIJt- {DW ~W[DrrL 6lJIT!p8;(i5)c!JiuS!ru ~Qf){liU UILJWU@;{h~6lJ~ 6Twurnflj ~/{!51If>~ Qc!Jirrmmrumb. [DUJ~ 6lJrr!p8;ma;uS!w ~GiJQ6lJrr® a;rim"(y)w ~GiJQ6lJrr® GlaclLJ~~L.b G'&G6lJ~rn{!j,g, GlCFlLJruU@;{h{!j G6lJ~@Lb. {DtiiUru~ 6T~, Qa;LL1M6T~, lL~rnUJ et 1M, Qumil 6T gJ fiTwurn1fju

23
U@j;{h:if)[!5/ G6lJ~@t.b. J./{!j[iJ@j, ptiJmLDILf W ~(!!J6'(5)UJILfGD IlJ L I!LGffi6'(5)UJuSiw iLmlJc!Ji~ fiT~umf!J ~{!5I1lJ G6lJmr@w. f}!®mUJmUJ iLGmIT ;{h~U6'(5)6lJ fiT"uGUrrw ilL~mw. J./~Lf @_~mIJ)UJrrffi~, Q6lJJ!)JL.14 QumilUJrr~1M' qQ~~fDrrtiiU (;)6lJ.!J)/uL/ WiM6'(5)IJ)8;@j 6lJy5)6lJ@j#'8;)!D~, WW/{!jG'5'J6'5r W~{b~ Lu5)(!!J{i;~ t51rf1#,8;)[D~. 6T~G6lJ fij~ {!j6lJ!Drr6'5rfPJ, QurrtiJ UJ ~ fPJ· @fPJ tS/ rfl8;@jW 8=#.$1. @fPJ t51r'fJ;{h~, (!fJlJI-G"SI6iJ tr ~nf';{h~bVI@8;)[D~. ~wLf @rnGm#.~!D~' ~®mwrnUJ eustt ITc!i;.$) [DfPJ· ~rotS/GU tErkJa;m ~ ro!Drr ~ tD rt c!JiW; {ljrrtll @jy;{i;6'(5){bILfL~t.b, @j@t.burkJQ;W {Dc!JiIJj,~L~t.b, ilLrua>W 6J1)GUrkJ.$)~;{h~L~W ~w[Drrfilweom. @®UU~ ~~au. ~~Gu a>LfOl/W. @®uum6lJ ~mmj,~w ~{i;{b f}!~GfDllJrrm ~~t51roM Q6lJ61fIuurr@c!JiGw. Gl6lJ~U utt LlJI-GU 6J[iJeoiJ {ljrr!p6l{ @®8;c!Jifil)rrw. @{i;{b G 6lJ.f!)J urr@a>@!)w ~m6J1)GU LDL@GLD. ~mm;{h~W flJCJIJ~roMtSlroM Q6lJ61fIuurr@c!JiGm. fiT6'5r<J6lJ [JjUJfPj GlCFUJ~a>W 6T6iJrurrw fj! ®mLD#.@j 6lJ!f/6lJ@j.#;8;)fD{brr, G6lJ.!J)Jrr@c!Jimw;{h a{ljrrdJ.f!)J u 6J1)c!i;~fD{brr Twurn{bU urrfr.#;c!JiG6lJ~@W. a6lJ.f!)Jurr@a;mw 6 q[iJu@j,fPJwrrrnrr6iJ ~If>{b# Q8=UJmru G'&L_@bVlL G6lJ~@W. 9®rnUJrnUJ G[Jjrrc!i;8;) {DWmLD @L@# Qa=ru§J.llUJrrmrrGU ~m6lJ £tl#<!FUJLDrra> [D[iJQacIUGUa>Gm.(DLD4! 6TmrGmrkJ!I;61fI~w ~~GurrWa6lJ . .$Im6lJ ~®mLD6'(5)IU8; @jmfilJj,~ uwmLD~1U euetttr #'8;)roM[D~6lJrr .dJI6i>fiI)~ flJ®rnwuu@j,$1 ~6'iJa6lJrrlT ~roLDrrm6lJlLfw @mGm:iJ~ &® Glu®w 8=.#;$IlUrr8;@j 8;)~[Dw((j}jrr? @m1!i8: Qa:rilfljrr6i> !Drrw~6lJdJrnfD 6J{iJ.f!)J.#; Gla>rrWa6lJrrw, @GUfilJrr@1L...Lrr6iJ @jdJfDwLfrf!urn6lJ 6TroM.f!)J &~'#;8;)6l1J@a6lJrrLb. ~(!!jaurr ~Lb ~{!5I1lJ (!fJlJI-UJrr{b 6Trn{b'4W JR$JGl{D{!5I.#; Gc!JirrLUrr@a;m 8=rrlTffi$l®uu~ @GUrnru; ~{!5IUJ (!:PlJI-llJrr{!j 6Tm{!jILfLb ~m6lJ 1LU<J#i&'luu~w _@6iJmfilJ. ~rnrrGU iLU£tlL fljriilc!JiW, '.$I [!5/1lJ (!:PlJI-UJrrlj a;L6l{Qw m {DrrLb UJrrrnlJ 6lJy5)u@ f

24
@G{!)rraLD fT ~ 9Lrfua;<€!!J ;@j u.u C; fli§:J 8;~ G!D W ' 8 W WfTGfi)w tyJlOVLDfT a;GQJ firGUlOVrrQ) !D~!!Ju.; W
6))

25
r;;~)/l

firm

~{1J~.

cr.L~rn- w{iJf!J fir6Ururr'ilJ{iJm!DlL.JwiiillIL fiTruarulTr;rr~w ~ {!5lUJUUL...J_6lJr'r, Gl6lJ J!)Jw 8';{iJumm 8; cr.L~W6Uru.

{!jW@j

II~~I

~ITW ~tDlUJ (YJHJ-~!D~' {DfTW {i}Iiifli {DlTtb8Irr~~UJi.J Urrr'r8;~a{!JW, ~mrrGU @Iiifli ~rr!D8irrfiJ5J~UJu urrr'ruufli!D® QPill~rrill ~w~wu urrr'r 8;81 (]6))OO-@w, t5!illwr'r [D1T£b8Irrr;5J~UJ urr fr 8;81 G 6))OO-(j)IW. ~ m- LDrrGJ1) ~6lr@jW U W ~ wLDrrGJ1) tyJlOVWIT W 8i~Wflirr ill [Drrw {lj1T!D8i1T~~UJ8; 8irr 00 ~G!Drn. ~rnwrrGJ1)m 9Lrn-qwUJw ~wLDrr~ill e!:PWLDfTcr. ~wflifTm [Drrw fLfiil8i~w ~tDI~G!Dw; 9Lwcr.w (!JJ(.!:P6))rnfli ILIw ~[l5IfilG!Drn. fiTwGQJ ~rnwlT ~f!5iUJUUL(!:PlSJ.-UJfTflj~ firm-!f)J <Fn..ff)J6))~ QJlSJ.-cr.LlSJ.-mQjJLLmi'T{Drmw. ~wwrr~QJ GJ1)~;IJJ;@rfucr.6Yr. Iii{Du @ t5!lJu<5a=w (YJ@QJ~aLD LD~!DIii~'il11@w. ~wwrrGfi)ill 9L~r@!jw ~fli6tr tyJruLDrrcr.~C;w ~GUrurr ~tDI~w ~tbu@fiI!D'@' firmGw firW(jl)rrQJjJ~f!JlLJwGfi)L ~.@ [Dw[Drrcr. ~f!5iUJuu(j)J6)).@. JiriiJcr.(]W,g1ltPJ· '[Drrw' ~w.fl)J Jirfila;w ¢fn_!f)J6))~ ~flimrnGUJ. @{5{D firWWlmLUJ '{!jITW'·~UUlSJ.- iLlfucr.@!j~LUJ '{DITW' J)J.cr.(YJlSJ.-UJWfirm!f)J Jirfucr.w G61UJWU~LlUfiI)fTW. firUulSJ.-. @{5{D firGUmruJ;Cgj.9LLULL '{5rrw' fiTru~'HilJlU{iJ!D §Jw{!Jrrcr. (!J1lSJ.-ILIW firrn.[f)J ~8:a=rfllUuULfjI)rrw. ~rnrrfItJ~.@fljrrm ~mrmw. fiTrumru.tCgj ILLULlSJ.-®UU~ fiTWU~ (6))!f)JW er.tiJu~rm! ~J6{Dfir~WUJtiJ{!J.@ e!:PLUULlSJ.-®UU~ <JUfr6U ILWW~. ~{lj6fiT fi1®~.!J)J U@ji) {ljrrm ~cr. GlQJ~uu(j)JfiI{!J~. ~6iJm6UlUtiJ{!J ~w{61!D® fi1®GulT ew ~6U6lilru riJ®8;cr. (!:plSJ.-UJrr~, ~uulSJ.-/J G{Drrm-jJ)J6))~ er.!Durnm.(;TmGQJ riJtbflj~6~Wrr J)J.~, Gluoo, @jY>ri>~flj,'?lm, 'il116UrfilCgjer.rnfiTm.f!)l tfPruGl6))fT(!!j6))r;rr iJlJW ~tDI UJUULL{hfT i){!J~. ~6))rnlJ ~{!5IlUfTLD6U {Drrw QJfTbPGQJrr ~ma=IU(6))rr QjJlSJ.-lUrr ~6))rfi~TtDI [Dw~ @®uGu @rurnw. ~rnmi>@{iJ@jw flimfjl) Q)r;rrm ~6))mr; ~tDlUJrrw6iJ {!jwwrr6iJ &® a;mrW8i>..L r:y;8:a; 6l1JLG6lJfT ILuSlr'r 6lJrr!J)G6lJfT (yJliJ.-UJrr~. G6lJ{lJrrdi1bw 8i>..JJ)Jw
~o

riJ 0 Q IF UJ6U(yJ6lIl £!J&((!j er {iJ£!J a; L~ mw iJ u {iJp5l8; <Fn.J!)JQ)4JJ ~a;fTGlfljm!DfT6iJ, ~/J{D6lIlcr.UJ fP® 8iLrDlf6lllwuu[bp5l GTUulSJ.-U aurriluu~? [DW (!prnrnrr6U cr.fTOO-film!D, miil@jW & mfDri>i)®8ifil m-!D, fiTiUrulT ZLuSlrfi iJ)JW 'il11wrfil Cgjfilrn {!J, LJruill 8i6U>W~L t,LOOmLDUJfTa; riJ®8;filill!D 9®'ilJmlJ~L# Gla:UJ6U(yJmlDJi@j ~{iJ{lJ 9® a;L'il./6lIlW [Drrw firriiJCla; cr.rrmr QPlSJ.-lL.Jw?~Qwm'l(;i) $riiJa;aw ~{5{D firlfil((!jw {ffl6U>{lJc6{D, fiTw6l)rrw 'ilJ6U6U,u crwGl urr®w; ~ illLDfT 8i8i@j8;Gl8i6UruITW ~mLDfT. [CrliJa;rn- ~{5fliu ulJwGlurr®rnriJ6iJmru firw./!)J {ljrrw GllFfTillmfTru ~e Glumu Gla=rrGUQJ{hrr((!jw. @m{D {lj tt ill ZL mT r'r ri>{D iW W fir 6il su rr Cl{ljJ ;iJ@~ W ZLIim" IJ tt rr I ~LLrr iJ)JW ~{l5l{iiClfDuSl@Jifila!Dm • .;pJ{Q)r'ri,rrm ~{5ID ~ cr.U LllJwGlurr(!!J61r, 9®mw, HiUrurr'ilJ{iJpSim LoomWUJrrm @._uSJr'r/J ~~~Q)Lb. Cl'ilJIDrrc6:fb/JiJw @{5{D $@G[D{!5IJi 8i(!!j~.@8;8iGYflm G5Jw&cr.riiJcr.mw [DfTW utttt 8;a; G6lJmrlSJ.-IL.JWw.@. fiTwG6iJ rErfila;~ .a:{iJ./!)JuGlUfT J!)JmwlUrr.g; @@9;{t ClVillOO@W. uSla;8: CFfTfbrrlJmTWfTm 8i@;iieJ;a;~1fk.-6J®{5.@ 6'fUULq...wG8irrm~fb WlTill @ri>~ 9®Gmw ruLilUJw 6lJrh~fblfirillu6U>:fbl1.Jw, ~.@ t5IlJu@~J.b{D@G£lUJ ~mUfT a; firuuLfJ- LfJrrtDI6lJ®fiI!Dfbl fiTwum:fbUJ wutbtDI ~ rfi6lJfT8i, Gl{hGYflQJrr [DfTW Gl:fbrf/ 8i ri>e Qa;fTWw a'ilJ~(j)Iw. ilru dMumurfuer.<rn~~ #i6l1lr'ruu{h{iJ8irr a;
[Drrt.b

!iJ~{Du(. uLfJ-~G{DUJfTa; G'ilJOO@w., §l!prffJmruuSJ~@[iJfbl ~6U>:fbU ulIJ-uLJU}-UJrr 8'; ~IJ mu ILru8ij,j)m®8;@ Cl[DrtW

8JrnL..iJu@iUGmru. t5!wmrriU 6lJ®GQ)rr®8;Cgj t,LOO6U>WmUJ8;


Gl8irr@8;a; (!PlSJ.-.UJfT~/_:_LfTiU fDlTW GwruuU}-uSJw &tbu@GU 6Tmm ulU~r? fiTmC:Vill~fDill Gla:UJw(yJmfDu U@j@8iGmw ~lJfTti.JfiilJO [DwruB· (yJfb~iU ~p5lroqu u@jj;1a;mwu u fT;'uu 4JJ Wld.fi>J/ W fi)m pSiUJ<rnLJ)UJrr rfh~. """pSi'ilJrr 6U Glurfl
UJ

26

27

uUJQmrrw.!f)Jw .@rum6V 6TW.!f)J Q~rfJ~~rriJ)lw ~rn~.# Q<!FuJG~Ulrr a; (l6l.lrorn-@w . .@1fjUJW1fjrrro uSIa;(YJ9>$Ju:wrrm

I?:

.@#jUJtt#)rr~,rr,6frr fiJ~(DQlrnbMu. urrrr~ $JG(Drrw. ~!DIQlrrru ~ruGU. ~!DI6lf 6TbMU~ f}(!!j ~U_4V6lf_U u~UJrrww WL@(lW. ~~{ljW~ urrrn1fjmUHf 8r1fj1fj wrr,#iltt <f!j(!!iil!Dlbl' ~~ (lum;Orna=u (lurrw~ f}(!!j .@~~ LJTW @rnGUu u~UJrrwro. <!Fe!:Pa;wQCFUl6VU@Ql1fj{D@j~ Gurr~aW @(!!j~(l~Ulrra; (l6l.l'-(£Iw 6TW(D ~QJ~UJW

qQmW/ru

Q8iWU/w 6TroUQJfr 6T@@UJ grn61.J1 [EriiI8iGfr ulS/-:ii@(f!j!h{hrrfJU 9QJQ6l.Irr(!!j U9>s;:iif)~w ~QJfr 6TuUlS/- @!h~9> cr.(!!j1fjrn{h Q/~ILJ.f!)J:ii@u5l(f!j9>~(Drrfr 6TWU ~ Gl1fjrfllLJi.h·~Q/fr WL@W6'iJWU, 6J!D9>@jrn(DUl6TfJU61.Jrr ws;rrw cr.@5W riJGfb cr.(!!j1fjrn{lj9> c!hL(DG6l.I QCFUJ wwrrfr ~ J.Gfr. LJ1fjil .$IQlUlUJwfbrr~, ~~ filfJU6Vrr~'-9-ru [6rrw Q/yS!fbQ/(DC:f9®w, @j!D!DriiIcr.rnw.# QCFUJUl G[6(!!jW. @6lD::{b~aSl6lf fb@J;g;){!J/P, @:{D!D(§(lwru ~rnflj9>Qa;rr'-@ 6}"ljrrQ/~ Gla=UJUJ61.Jrrw { 6TW.f!)J fljrrww
6)".

#j6l.l.!f)J~mw ~~a;@j~ ~W::{brrw (lurrbOUlw .(l(QlJrnru. ~tDl6lfW. ~rn::{b,!,::{brr~ Q<!FuJ@!Dlbl'dPI!D16lf.!IJIT rucr.rnwu ulS/-9>.i1C:Drrw, (YJlS/-#j::{bt5Jm ( 6lrTGvrr ' @m(DUJ(!!jwrrru Q 1fjrrrumru f}¢'~#j~ , 6Tm .f!)J 6Trorn-~$)G!Drrw. 6}"QwW/ru ~!DI6lf 6TroU~ @j(!!j@, ~::{b 6lrT rr ru @UJriiIa; r.!:P UJrr/Pi , ~ <f!j tD(§ 9> rna;a; Gett rr lS/cr.rrrua;(lwrr @rurnru. @tDUJGw, ~~fr'#~(l~ Qa=UJruuCE} .i1(D~; .@~ t..&roCF9>@rnUJ~L_ OI(D 6T~tDa= e=~ila;m~lLJw ~L 6TrurnruUltD(D wLJiiJ@j ~j;Ja; C:Qla;~~LW Qa=UJ6lJU@ $){!J/Pi. tE @~UlW ~GfrWQlfilfllT,tLmrfr'#UI @m!D~tlJQlwrr-. fillbltDrrGM (j8iGfr~. ~uulS/-UJrrmrr~. [E a;L~~wa; a;rrrorn-urruJ. fiJuC:urr ~ :'J_riiI8ifi1flLr.!:P61TW ~~rr e=UI(lUJ ~y>LDrr.i1, Q~uJG3a;wrr{jJ, t..6I8i6lfUJ~~~. @rnru,9>(§.# G}CFGM!JJ! @.f!)Jilu5l6'iJ 6T6"ixiurrQltiJm{!JlLfwtLmTrr filw{D, 6TGU~rr6l.l(D!DI iJ)lU: ~GfrW f}(!!jrnwrnUl ~~fr$)ro!D, ~mfilffIiJ)l LD U1(DrfJ iJ)lW a;L_6lfrnw tL~fr@ro{D @~rurnUJ ~rnL_@(D~. LJ~ilUJrrru ~~ (YJliI-UJGQI(YJlif.UJrr~. '~~~~wrr8iu C:u~QJ~, .!IJITrua;~w ~ flj6l9Jf>wrra; ~w 9>(§6l.I -@~QlQUl~61.J~ ~ W umrLf/-<fljfr8ifi1flWiM®mu:iiil!DC:8i tL::{bWlJW, mw ~ (YJa;@rfh® ,1 tL1fj6l.lrr/Pi .

@rurnGU. a;6Va;I5Ja;rnw:ii <f!j@uu~w

6Trorn-mrrr~frJ.Gfr. ~~ W!h{hLDrrm~; ~~ .@"'-LJTW @fi6l6V /!L{ljfi5J LDL@(lW. ILmrrnwUJrrm tLtlJ~ tLmrfr'#~ uS/f06I(f!j{iJ(l{lj,~wt5J~®~C:fb Q/(!!j~(D/p. U/!D(!!j9>a;rrrfh{CriiI8jGfr tLmrfr'#~ Q8irrGfr~rBfr8jwrr? tLmrfr~[DfrJ.wrrmrrru 9(!!jrnw @6J)ruu5/ru Q/wfr $I tBfr 6I;Gfr.t5J(D®9>J.rra; lL6Wfr.#UI Qa;rrWfiYTrr ~LLrrru $riiIa;Gfr, @~6l.Imv U1{!J{iJ{hQlfra;@!JiTT.uS/s;u urflUJ Q Gwrn{hUlrr rfh .@®{iJ{hrrSJIw [8riiIa;w QQlJ!)Jw Jd,~UlaW. tEriiIa;Gfr GlQ/.f!)JW 6l.I[DL@ ~(6IQlrr~6I;iTT, ~6iJQJfiYT6lftlJrrw • .!$TruJ.rnwu ulS/-9>.$ii Glfbrf1Ulrr~LLrr~w QwrryS!a;w Gl1fjrflUlrr~LLrr~w, ILffils;";' ILwwiiilru tLmrfr'#~ [i) (!!j 9>@jLD tt mtt ru !B IiiJ a; iTT [6" rr 6fT 6l.I y5J u5Iru fb rr • Gurr$JtBfr a;w. [i)m{!J6l.IW 1LriiIJ.@!JrnLtUQ/(l". wa;rrwa;67fIw a=9>j;JGJUlruwurrw 6TtiJ(la; fsiJ(!!j!hf>~ 6Tar urntlJ tLWU8i (i)J"61.JrrtiJtDI~(f!j{iJ/p $riiIa;";' ~p5IUJ~rurnWUUlfT? 6TffilGa;?4/Jf)u5Iwurr? ~(QlJfr~Gfr IUrr"fT(i)J~ 1fjii~6l.I g(l61.Jrr, t..&rfh.fIJJfJJ)J9>8iwrrm 1fjfrJ;a; MG61.Jrr 6T@f)mrrfrrfhwrr? fsiJru wu(l(QlJ @rurn61.J. ~Qlfr8jiTT i1p51GtlJGuUlmrrfrJ.";'. 6]"8r6lD(QlJU Gurr W.!!)J tLWW iiilfJU tLmrIT .#U/Ga;rr.w, !B 6]" 8r ~ 6l.IrrUJ • LJii<f!jfi6l"uGurr6'iJlLmrfr.#~Qa;rr";"4~~"rr6l.lrruJ.tLmrfr'# UlGUl 6l.IrrY;J;ma;, lLultfr, 6l.I~rnw. ~f)ru61.Jrrwru 6T6iJ6lJW(;jJ

c:

$~"wfTm ~{6I(;jJ (JJ>lUtiJilUJrriJJJw a;L61f6lDW ~6lDLIU (YJlS/-lUrr~. fiJUJtiJ@jW CF8ij;lUJ{iJ[DlL..f!)JuLJa;iTT Gurrw[DGfb


1.

Imitation of christ.

28

QCFUJffiJ(Y)~!D

GQJ{bIT~{bW

~{DI~. ~mTrT #~8i61r ~QJdJ!f)J61r LJ®rhi9J ~6lIdJmfD fiJlU8;~UJ t51{D®1brr~ ~mQJ fiJlUriJ@~~{DW; t51{DrT~~Lo Q8'UJruu@ ~W{Dffi. ~6Ua;Lo (!JJ(.!:fiQJ~Lo Jj)UUl1J...lIh1brrw {5L8;~!Di9J. fiJm1fj ~iJaUrri9JLo r&1mffi~ru mfOlJ8;a; afOlJ~@W. a6ll1!)rrJi>1!)1Ihi)Viirr fP(l::P8;a; Q{5{D1.urf1ru Jj)i9J uSla;~w Q8'IU6U(y)m!Da.®U QUfTI:fJJlIh1!)wrrmi9J. ~ 1!)rrfOlJ $riJa;61r i9J ~6Ua6Urr(!!jW L.Da;rr iirr ;Gm , L.Da;rrViirr Va semr 8i/J1!)rrw @®a.a; (y)l1J...lljw ~w~fDi9J GQJ1fjrrJi>1fjw. ZLriJ8iW, {5L~m1!)8;@# 8'rrwi)lJw ~lIh1DrrL~ ~iU6V, $riJa;61r1!)rrm lFrroivi)lJriil 8i@!J8>® ~/J1!)rrL~. lFrrwj;lI7riila;w ~mrmL.DmUJ/J1!)rrm 8iL!f)JBilm{Dffi ~m.f!)J ~riila;I€!Jja.® ~uul1J...i> Q1!)rfllljw? 6.lQW~6U [iriila;Gm ~~mL.D, ~m1!) [iriJ8iW ~mTrT ~ tDrTa;w. JiJm1!)GlU GfOlJ1fjrrJi>1!)w8iL.f!)1Bi1 {DB· er &, LJ/J1!)fr GurrmfD wa;rrW8iW QJrrl.PJi>1!)1!)tb@~mffi ~i>1!)rrL~ 9L61rmiPJ? [iriila;!&Jw {5rr~w ~fOlJfra;mmuGUfT6U iLmTfr#~ Qa;rrw~GfDJTw ~wuB1!)rr~. JiJru6llrrGfD ~fOlJfr.g;l€!Jjw @_.~L.Du5!6U Ji]C!!)Ji>@®uum'r a;61r ~m!f)J ~{DIBilafDfTw. !JjL.D~ wa;/J1!)rrm Ji]1!)UJw1!)JTm~QJfr8imB L.D8ii>1!)rrffi {i}tfJUJlIh@{iJ® ~~1!)rrLfiI. {5W!M JiJm{D~1!)mmL.D1!)rrbirr JiJ~fDQJW JiJ®uu16dJGa; ~i>1!)rrLfiI.$riJa;w ~® L.Da;rrm ~6U6V ~m{lJrrrur!JiL~GTr ~~!f)J ~(!!j6llfr JiJ®uu~w iLOO~WUJru6V. $ffiIa;w a;Lf>l/w ~ru6V ~w{lJrrru, aQJ.f!)J ~rh1!)a. 8iLf>l/@jW JiJ(!!JJi>1!)~uSlru6lfJ6U,JiJ®a.a;u GUJTfilI~W JiJ6U~6V. JiJi9JGfilI t5J~u{iJ{D aQJooLq-IU 6UL~lUW 6TW.f!)1 G6lI1!)rrJi>1!)wan..f!)1Bi1fD.§J· [ErrW fPG;i)QfOlJ (!!jQJ(!!Jw wa;rr ffia;m rr a; rr aQJOO@w. 6.ldJa;~ $riva;w ~6'iJ6lIrrG{lJ JiJ(!!J8;~tDlt.g;GTr. JiJ~1!) ~{DIlljffiIc!J;w, ~GiJb'llmf>l/1!)rrw. ~ WUJrrb'llfT6U (yJ'4-lUfT{b er 1fjrrfOlJ i9J @_OOGlLQr .f!)J ~(!!J GUfTi9Jw ~~mT fT~fr c!J;GTr. ~uuLq~oof@JQJG1!) ®tbfDw. UfT6lIW ~ffi!D fpw.f!)1 iLmrGlLw{lJfT6U ~i9J, $tiiJa;GTr iLriJc!J;6l!)b1TGlUfTt5i!D6l!)lJaUJrr J_J6U~ffifr ~ffi!f)l GllFfTru6ll~1brrw. 0

~(!!J

iJ!f)lfOlJ~8>®<§fTmt.b ~UULqQJrh1fjB firWU~ utb{!51 lFrrJi>G1fjfT9;~UJ iLUr&1Lt!J~i16iJ lL~m uSlc!J;u U!p~LD iutres: a;6l!)1!)1 ~w~{lJuu[iJ¢I ~ffiI8i@}9;®# Gl8'fT6U6UU aUfT~G{lJ~. ~Ji>1fja. c!J;6l!)1bu5!waUff 8i@j. {5IUL.D[iJ.[!lJ;1i Gtfjrrw {!51mfTiJ)Jw, ~@6U fP(!!J Ga;rrLurr@, ¢ ~a;(!!j~~ iLWb1T~. ~® ~l!)JfOlJW {6w{6fTu5!Ltb, '~LbL.DfT, [Drrw afOlJ1fjriJc!J;~ 8i[iJ!f)Ja.Qa;fTwmu GUfTBila{lJw. 6T."GfOlJ firW 1!)Ji>6l!){ljuS/w QUlU~lJlljW [DfTwDlfDJi>{6 ®6U~iJw GlUIU~lJlljW fJTW9;®# Q8'rr6UiJ}/ffiIa;rjr' fiT~ J1)J Ga;LLfTI>irr. ~~tfj;1i #ifni.! @(!!JL.DmTW ~mQJw ~a;rrL.D6iJ
1.

~~. JiJIiJjlUfT@l6iJ ffl® Glumr ®y)P>Q){6 Qu[iJl!)JJ;Q.g;fT~LfT6U,

@(!!JL.DmTW ~P>t!J9;

8'rr~C:{Drr8;illU 1UJ[&L~w, 4.4-9

29

30 31 ®fP{5m{hmUl8= a=c!:p{hfTUlW ~tb.f!)J.9;Q8'orrrirr~rr~, ~~.9;~ mQJ~~~@w. ~{5{D8; ®I;P{5m{h8;® G6'lJ{hffiJ8'o6trUUf-.9;®W ~@jilllJw ~"'~rrLD'" GUfTuJ~@W. fiTmC:QI ~~~U Qumr, 'LD8'oGm, ILm~ @j6UW bTliiIrrn- (ifliiIru~ fiTrn-8;@j~ Q~rflUJrr~. ~rrliiIr U~ ~LJ!iJ8'o~'" GQJm6U Qa=tU~ UJmI;P~~ QJ{5G~IiiIr. ILW {h{hm~ uuttr (ifmu~w (ifrn-.9;®~ Q~rflUlrr~. ~aTrr'" GTW QUUlrT tgrrurr6Urr, ~W QUUlrT a=j,ilUJ8'orrLDIiiIr' GTWlDrrrirr. ~~fh8= ~.f!)JQJIiiIr!f)® c!:p~QJrflL.Lb Qa=w.f!)J ~wmrnuut auQJ rn-rr 8'0 ~ {b.f!)J.9; 8'orrrirr'€!!Juut .f!)J G QJ mr Uf-aT rr rn . Q ~~tb® ~{iJ{!j c!:p~QlrT,'@jfP[i5~fTliJ, ILW ~{hm~u51w QUUJrr fiT6irrn-? ILIiiIr @j~W (ifwm'?' fiT6ir.f!)J G8'oLLJrrT. fhm ~rruJIL.w G8'oL@Q/{iJ{h ~~lUffiJ8'om~ ~UUUf-GUl (Y)~QJrflLW .g;,_¢Iffirr6ir ~ti~8= 9/.f!)/Wrn. ~m{!j8; G8'oL..L. ~{iJ~ (Y)6!ffIQJrT, 'lfbmmmu u{b[l51lU ~~~m8'oUl JiJ¢lQ1rrffi I!L.mrmLDmUJU t5JlJrrLDbWmffi~ {D@JIJ UJrr®w Qa=rrW61) (y)liI-Ulrr~. IE !f)® UJlJrrLDaumrr8'o~ ~rr~®8;8'o GQlmr@w. fiTmC:QJ ~rrm iLffi8;®8; 8'otb.[f)J/J 1D(!!j~GlDm. $ ILmrmLD G'1~[l51 t5J/DfPrr{hQJm' GTW.f!)J an.tD1 ~{h1D8= U/.f!)JQJmrn-~ ~Wu51L.GLD mQJ~~8; 8'o{bt5Jj,~ Q1{5{hrrrT. ~ffiilUlfTb51", uyJfiila;fT~diilw ~®{l;~ ~6U ~GfiIfI"lT {D wrrffi 8'o6lJ~&m/D.$m~uutbp5l8; 8n./DU Gurr~G/Dw. ~{l;{h (Y)~QJIt .a=j,i1Ul8'oITfDAflL.W [DfTf!PJT.f!)J LDbI5I{l;{h, QJ~QJ{b!D Q Ur!h8;8'om~.9; Q8'o1T@j,j}, ~QJ{bQD/D8; .$ITLliI-{b@) fPLUf-i Ga=m If)J UlJfTLDrfl/Je; ~Qltblf)JL.m 8'ofTL..liI-G6UC:Ul QJrr(~LDIT.f!)JW ~{5~U Ur!h.9;8'orirr ~uJIIJLDrr.$U Qu®~Ul tSlliiIrmGlJ ~Q1m GD";"tg {b@jj, iJ®w4wUliI-u/W 8'oLL.Q)W ~LL.rTfr. ~QI~W ~GiJQJrrGlD ~~ 8'orr6UW ~rfu® QJlTw{h{DrrliiIr .U/ru ~mr@8'o'€!!J8;@jU t5Jm 9(!!j~rrrirr ~{l;~ LD{i;61'l~uJI.&(!!j[i5{h9® Qs;rr@di<j!j 8'orrm"" a=diilUl8'orTl.D~L.W, '~rrriil8'ow ~uGUIT&~ ~u51lJw C:UlJrr~6'5JLGL.rrW. (ifmCZQJ IE bTffiJ8'omm iLm @j(!!jroiL.w ~mlPj,§)I8= Qa=w. ~fTW ILffi8;@j t5JIJWLDj,mlfbuu{b[l51 ILUGlfb~8;£JGlDw' 6fWlD~' a=~ilUJ8'orrLDWJw, 'ILUC:{h8'lIlJffiJ8'om- ~Ulrr' firWlf)J G8'oL_(£l8;Q8>lTmrLrTm. -='I{l;lfb8; 8'ofTm"" r!hLaf/Ul~; 'UJfP8;@j, [i)m!D6lJ~W f)® u@jil; ~~C:ur(61)GQJ GLDtb@j; ~~ GurrwlDGlfb G{D{b®; ~QjQ1fTGlD QJL.8;@jW. [DfTW@j c!:p8;~Uldi j;/ma=8'ore9w tSllJWLDj,iJm ~rrW@j u®ila;rirr. [i)oo t5JlJwLDiim<j!juudJu5l fLffi8;@j<F U/6UQJ{brnlD Q[D(!!jULj ILUC:<j!jii/8;@jW. ' Q[D®ULjW (Y)8;~UJLDrrffi f)® ii/w~LDrr8'o ~(i;lfb [DfTL_8'oW/'" a;®:fDUULL.~. f)ruGQJrr® LDfTauQJWJW ~8;~~ QJ~rT di~ ~iI'" ~~!!T"iI <::JIW/8;8'oC:QJmr@w. a:diiJUl8'ofTLDW LDlf)J~rrm- @j®~W G8(£l C:~IT8;~U 4!DU ULLITW. LDrrrn6l) G[DIJW QJ[i5lfb~w, QJfP8;a;wGurt..v ~8;~~ tyJLUf- QJ¢lurr@ Qa=tUUl ~lJwt5JiifhITW. ~uGurr IP -<::JI{5<j!j fD®ut5JbI5I®[i5~ Q f}® @j1J'" fir@{5~, '~ a=~ilUl,g;rrLDrr' (ifw.!f)l ~mfP/>~~' a=ii@Ul8'ofTLDWJtP, 'Gla=rr6U~ffiJc$rirr t5J1JC:urr!' fiTWlDfTw. (~GlfbGUfTWJI)/ a=fT(!J>GQi6U ~8=a=rflUlLDrrrn @j(76U f)wm/D8;C:8'oLL~u{baf/u urnfPUl bJdJUIT~6U IL6YrQT~ iLffiJ.$@.!j8;@j {Elrnm6l1l®a; 8'o6l)rTl.D)a=iiilUl8'orrLDrr, ~lTm ILrn8;@jUJIJWLDii61'llfbuutbaf/J: ' 8'laf/~ fLUa{D~UU{DdJ8'orrc$ Qi[i5~itrGG1TW. fi1[i5:fDU _~u51 t5JlJwLD~ilw ~® i..!@jil, Q/rrrn(!:pw Qe:rrrT 8;8'o(!J>W~{DW U@j@8'orirr. c$L.i,WW ~{Dm 9® u@ljilGUJ' firwJI)/r!hLaf/UJ/M ~{l;{D8; @j(76U.U/wrn-rT ~wm u/DrnQJ t5JlJwLDdim{Du u{iJ{!5I GLDi,WW r!hL.f!)lW fir,*.!f)lW an.{!5I(J;J~. a=diiJUl8'oITLD6ir {DfiIfI"fPJUUlbWiifM{Dii Q{DrrLIr{l;lfbrrm. LDfTrn~uSl6U QJfP8;.$WC:urrw ~8;~af1 6'lJG1TrTii~ QJ¢JUfT@ Qa=uJ~ Q.$rrdfrlil-®[i5{DC:urrfM ~mrnu UlDrn6'lJ fYw.!f)l ~riil@j 6lJd><j!j~. ~fM ~6'lJmlL.W, 'fDrrw ILffi8;@jU t5JlJwLDiirn{DuudJ[l51J: ii1p5l~ r!hL£Du GurrUJG¢r. a=diiJUla;fTLDfT, IE QJ¢Ju@t1J ~d>lfb G{5®ULj, ~[i5~u U/(7wLDdiilw fJJ®

8'0"'~

32
U@jiJ. @FfJUJW ~@ u®iJ, a:[iJiJl}"~ ~@ U@j~, u51~wiJUw ~~{lju Ull}"ww~~m ~@ U@jjl. W~@j 6T~[!J U[!J~6lJ ~W iJUW ILW 8;@j UlI}"wwi>~{ljuu tb{!5l8; 8ia..[!)J ' 6T~ .f!)J W G/,g:m;iJ~UJ~. ~(j)Ii>{lj ~mirr wrr~bIJ ~~{ljU uIDm6lJ 6lJ!5{lj~. ,g:jjfilUJ ,g;rrwW18;@ju um!jJUJ ~(]{lj @j1}"6U (],g;LL~. '~rrm iLW8;@) UlI}"WLDjjrn{lju utbpfl# fiI{Tfl~ 8ia.gJI~G[!J~. Ull}"rr~ro till}"W LDi>j1~ ~® u(:!!)i). ,g;rrLfi/ f}@ u(:!!)i/, (],g;Lu~ ~@ u(:!!)j1, LDrnw f)® U@jj1' 6TmID~· ,g;mLfilt616iJ~~{ljq fi/.[!)J6lJm (:!!)@G6Jm Q)LmL ~mL~~ ~6lJmf}"u umfJ[iJ{ljrrw. (:!!)@ a=jjilUJ,g;rrwmrnu umti>{lj ILLC:rn(]UJ ~6lJmlLW, 'a:jjjlUJa;rrwrr, ILW (yJa;w UlI}"WLDi>m{lj ~{!5I[iJ{lj6lJmlro (!p,g;w(]urr6U f}6yfht~ID(]{lj· iLw8;@5 turut UlI}"WLDjjm{ljuutb{!51 iLUC:{ljfi/i>{lj~?' 6Tro.f!)J C:,g;L...Lmt. ~ {lj[b(:!!)# a:.jJiI UJa;rrww , ' LDrrml LI}"6UblJrr{lj 2§6lJw,g;w , 6TW.f!)l 8ia.{!5Iwrrm. Ulwrnr'r Gi'J{ljrrLrt!5~, '.~wrr6U&6lJ"uSI, 'ffirrr!iJ8iW 6Trn8;(:!!)ILUG$fjfi/8;8; C:6lJmr(j)lw 6TfWUC:{!j 6TW ~ma:. 6JGi'JwmlliiJ@j@G6JLu5I®ji>~ Gi'JugJlw @jrrrnw wL(j)Iaw GW(jlJrrrn ~mQnW8;® ~~tpi>~J: Gi'J.g:liiJ.iWW gJI,{hr!iJ:e;mIiifTU (]urr~[!JGi'JurflIU6lJr'r,g;m 8ia.ID8; 6Tro G8iL@wC:liifTm'Q:41'!Drrw. ~QJ@W ~QJgJl8;@jii $fjITW G{lj6lJr'r8i~Lu5I@!b~ .Gi'Ju[iJID f§rrwi>m{lju C:urri/.jJ{ljrrr'r. '6T~6l/W G6JLUUI.""4ii!iiJm(jlJ, ~w," 6T~6l/W G6JL0UL ~liiJrnbIJ!', a;rrrnliifT, ~8;i!GIIffI, uIDm6lJ GUfTWID ~QJ,g;8; ,g;m{lj 8i@9LW 8ia.LC:QJ ~g;{lj8; 8irr(jlJ8; 8i@i>~8i61f1w C:[DrT 8;ma; IlJW GUrT8;Qn8iIlJW {SffW ~[!5J~GIDrTW. j)Jj$fj8; @)V6U8iW ~mw i>~w [DW(!pWGIiifTGIU iLWIiifTW 6T6i7'$lIW W8iI>{ljrTW 8i@l>jlm (yJmliifTmlU [Drrw ~ffiJC:8i 8irT~~G[!JrTW. ~~{lj iL~~LD8irnliifT fiJdTWJ W Q{lj61f16lJrr,g; ~ {lfJUJ wGUrT ~ ~~{lj9; @)f}"6U {ljLD6 ~{ljlUjjilC:6l)C:UJ ~@i.Jurn{lj

33
P_rOm"frg)G[!JrTLiJ. ~!5{lj wrr~6lJw, #jrTW 6TUC:UrT~W mwmUJC: tU C:8iL@ 6lJ(!!)!i1G[!JrrLiJ 6TroUfi(f){lj ~(!5I [iJiI@!5 fbrTiJ21W,~6lJW Qa;rri4fuL ~1iifT8;8iW ,g:rflu516iJm(jlJ.'ffiwmlL uSI(!!)!5G1fj QJ!5{lj ~[iJ{lj9; ®I}"mru ~QJW QQJ6YTJu5I~@!5~ 6l1~#j#jrr.;j; ffilmwjjr1Drrw. @@~(!!)~~ !i)mL9i@jw @1}"~LrT6lJ~ 8iC!!Ji>~ 6TWmG'l6lJm [!JfT6V Ull}"ww f€!jrrw i>m#j# Q.g:IU6iJ(yJm[!Ju· u@i>iPJ 6lJG #j. s: ru a;w 6TU G u rr iPJ W io {!j.jJ~ tiiirr Q a:UJ'ii1(!p m [!J em iJjlUJ8;r!Tn..[!)Ja;mIiifTGUJG#jLfJ-- 6lJ(!!)@ID6' ~m6lJ 6TUULfJ-GwwGw S»W Qa:UJ6iJ(!JJm[!J8;(:!!) 6J tbIDm6lJ ~ g)mIDw 6TWUm1fjGUJ @1>r1Dma;UJ a;m{!j8i61TfY)(jlJWtDrrw ~pSJ!i)G[!Jrrw. LDrT~QJfr,g;W ~m-@j ~(!5I!5{lj6lJtbtDJw e!:P(jlJW~!5{lj iLi4fumw 106I1iifT9;8ii.JULL~. ~QJfr8iW 6ll!PIu(j)lw ~8;lil~aUJ UlI}"WLDW w[iJ.!J))W gu51 UlI}"WLDjji)w ~@ u(:!!)jI 6Tm-Q[!J6U comb 8ia.[!JUULLiPJ. ~@i>{!j 8im{!jli4-uG8irr.g:6l) ,g;rrLDrurrlUrnmu u!bpSJUJ~. @6lJW {j)~#j# a:d1i)u.ia;rrLDmlw fFLW. ILUG$fja:W QUgJI 6lJ{!j[ba;rr8i ~6lJW a:i>filtUa;rTLD~LW 8=Jru 8irTblJW {!jffiJ~ @(!!)!51fjrrm-. fil!(j!J(!pm[!J a=.j;filUJ8irTLDW uUJ~w Gi'Ja:6iJ6l) GfbJt!5{!j~. 1fj~lUrTa; @(j!J~{!j fFLW LD~8; a;6lJmbIJ u5)9;8i 6lJwrrrnrrm. ~6lJm ZLi4fuu~r!Tn.L .@6iJm6U 6TWUm#j9; .g;i4fuL @j(!!jG6Jmwmrn~ ~'flJ[iJa;rrrn 8irrl}"riffi .j;m#j8; G8iLL Gurr~ filLm, '~WLDrr, fbrrw a:rTUUlL8;r!Tn.L (!JJLfJ--lUrr#j ~1iifT6l/9;@j8; 8i6lJrn6l)ILILW ~®8;!i)GJiJW' 6Tm[!JrTW. ~U GUrT 6 ~6lJtiiirr 6lJy51u@w .~8;!i)W1uiri6l(!!j!56 f)® ®l}"liiJ 6T@{66, '@~:!fju Ull}"rr~m Ull}"wLDLb~~8irr a:WUlI}"WLDW, ~rn[iJ{!jw UlI}"WLDW. Ull}"ww.j;m{!j J/{DIQJrTUJrT.g;!' 6TW[!J~. ~{ljtb(:!!) :LuG8irT8'Q)w, '!BlUrr, @~#jU Ulf}"rrmrm Ull}"wwW 6TmUm#j tDrrw ~{TflG6lJw. ~wrr6iJ ~a-,rr.g:(!JJw ~rn~#j
!Q_~

, :

I I

34 (YJW 0117WW W et ~ U ~ er ~ 8;@jii G {lj rfJ UJ~ 6U~ QJ' t>T~jDrrw. ~{lj!iJ@ ~~{lj8; @j1J6U,'~8irUF(YJW o::fJ,v;rr~{lj(!:PW {DW~ {i})!hUJ~i)GiJ {i}@8;®W &.jj{lj rn8'f!jwUJw fiT~glIW ~(]IJ iLmrrnw~UJ8; @j¢luurn6lJ' fiTwM.!!)J ~W8;6JUJ~. o;rmGilJ UllJwwW o;rwuB O1lJrr~~w {Dl.D6 ~{ljUJi;ilGiJ ~@8;®W ~a;rr 8'(y}(]WfiTW!f)J ~!!Jl 8i:a.¢lUJB' UlwfiMrT ~~{D .~8;HJaf/ ~QJ~8;@jILLlGf!j€i1.jj{D~: 'tS 6lJ¢/u(fjlw ~tiJ{DU y,u51, lL~~. ~&~af/, @rf1UJwM ~rnQJdJW OIlJww~i)w 1L@6lJriua;Gw. @rflUJaf/GiJ a;rr~u u®w L/@~w {DrrG~. fiJrn{D ~¢I{i>B i)UJrrmluu6lJmlw €iTfiixrorrurr6lJriu&ew wrnjD5J6UjDbIfT. ~6lJW W6J(P#iJUjLW [CmrL {DrrL&m 6lIrr(p6llrrm. i/rn8'a;m, 8'{i>i)lJ'm. !DL8'~ i)r;rriua;m, [Ctt ~rn6g:ti)iJ»W lL~tDU6lJW {Drr(]m. {iJ{i>{DU tJlr;rrr ~m, .;fJ, a;rr8'W, G8'rrfr 8;&r!iJ<!Ji61r, .u5)wmGiJ ~ 5JUJ6lJ!iJ{!5J SI1w ~rn£Du6ll6irr (DrrGm.' ~riu@jw G8'UJGiJ(!:prntDw{DI>i)~ ~(]f!j a;@.jjrn{D8; a;rr~5JGtDrrw. dlilJfra;m QJ¢/UI:_® 6lJ{i>{D ~8;8ilfMfI, @rflUJm, 8't§@I7fiilT GUfT~tDGm6llUjW, ~6lItt 8ie&®U utp8;a;wrrm @jr;r I1Gw &rn{Da;~m S a;(!Jj6lJfTJ 6 ~6lJtta;re98;® ~UJtt{i>{D a;@.jjB8;a;rnw lLuGf!j€i1i;{Db1fT. ~BGilJ G6lIf!jfT~f!j~@W. 1L.~~wUJfTm G8'IU6U (!prntD(J U@ji). [j)~. ~~a;j,rn{D ~ySluui)~rn~, ~)!hrnm fi5I'lfT8;®5JtDfbJ; j)~ tDaflf!j~m dlySluui)GiJrnQJ, ~6l.Irnm fi5lm8;®6J{!J~; {i}~ .;f!jafl.jj~6lJ.jjrn{D ~!puuiJ6UrnQJ, iL~G'MlWUJfTm {ljmJ~4U6lIW et~ fiTmurn{DJ; a;rrLUJ- ~~f!j fi5I'IfT8;®HJ{!Jf6J. lL~,g;W .a~fTm6, lL6l)c$W fiTmjD 9mG{!J .@fiiJ~~fir • .!!)J8i:a.!DrrwwU,@tiJ{D lL6Ua;W ILmrrnw ' t61GiJ 6Tm 6lIT€iT" U rn f!jU 4 rfltiJ/P GJ 8i rr"" c:« fiiJ ~ f!jJ ~r!iJ c$ ~J;@j ii ~tiJ® Q 8' tiJUJrr B • et W J!)J 8i:a.J!)J {!J . 5J 6 ~u(]8imF~aflLLb, dl6lJW 6lI!pu(fjlw ~J;6.JW4fI, @rfllllW., 8'{i>i)r;rm, u51mm6iJ Gum;w£D~6lI GurrtiJ 6TW./J)J ~tiifl>J; ®r;rfiiJ 8i:a.jD~fiiJ~~, .;fJ,mrrwU @rflUJm, 8'{i>~1Jm, u51m~6i),
~,j,&;/oo

35
(]ufTwM{DGlJ!iJ¢l6U1L~/DlLJW 8'8;{il(]UJ ~ilJmlL(!:PW ~drr'IfT ~I arm.!!)J 8i:a.¢lUJ .@f!jwrrGiJ ."g).JGlJrG4T f!jJ. f6J a;rrI.:_~GUJ LDrr{15lUJf6J.(!:pwL/ ~~!!'J~i)&rnm ~~~B 6lI!fIULL 8'rrf!jrrr;r~WfT6lITQ{D@uL/ @uGurrf!jJ ~GlJG5T""mr""l€!!J&®u L/i)UJ lL@U Qu!b{!J~, GfljuJ6lIwrr5JUJ'/p.@w6l.IrrG{!J y,u51UJw t51r;rrr~~w @rflUJwM, 8'~i)r;rw, {DL8'j,i)IJW, u516isTm.u ~rn6llT .jjo(]w G6l.I./J)JGf!jrr!b{!Jw Gu tD!f)I G{DtiJo;fJio« iii s tDilILLb1fT. ~6l.I!b¢lw ~mrrnw ~lllGiJL/ ~¢lUJUUL® tDilI ':_L~. ~~'H;fT ~ fi;J SI1W ~rntDQJrnm 8; ""rrmr uG f!j G6l.Ifljrr{i>f!j.jji)w stttnb; Qurr@L~m Lf{!J~ G{ljrrtD{!Jriua;rnw G51®~tp. ~6lJtD¢lw lLlOCi!lTrnw@UJfiiJrnu ."g).J{15/QJ(]:f!j. w!D.!!)Jw 9@ 8i@j,o llLurElL)!hr!iJa;~6U L/9JLLUU® fiJ{!JO; ',g;mr8i6'1f16irrfYl~w 9Wlfr6lJD tJlIJWLDGLD. ~QJGr;r ~ tpa;rr 6m' 6lJ tt. 9rJ1fJ U6l.lrT ~QJ tt, {i} {i>{lj lL~Gl""rliJ@jW tt Ul1Ja;rr~uuQJIr ~6lJGr;r. a;~Gl~rr61f] 6TwUrn{D. DUJQJtt a;61f)Lw u5161f]@w {ljafl 9GJfl o;rw.f!)l tDilIwBi@j8il{!Jrrr'r.~rnr;r IlJrr€F1rf1UJr'r 9@QJIr. LDaflflj6irr DUJQJmrr@jw(iurro ~6l.Im:jJ a;.,g;~fiiJ ~~{Drna:.1U 961f] GlTarw fiT~.!!)Jw, ~{i>{D 9~ lL~rnwt61fiiJ, lL61rl€!!JW L/{D(YJw miil@jW rElrntDtiif!jJwQr ~ wwrrfi5lw 961f](JUJ €iTw.!J)J 8i:a.{!Juu([;18i1/Df6J. w §JIJa:.rliJa;rn-, !DL8'~i)lJrliJ8i6tr. @rflUJm a:.W riJGlJ!b{15/~961f]tt6l.l:jJw ~(]{D fj61f/{ljrrm. @t5f!jU L/f.Jrr{D6lITLDfTm lLUtKJLf!jrliJ,g;r;;yfJ.u ,g;rr~u u®8ilwjD tJljDUL/, {i}{!JUL/ Gurrm{!J C:QJJ!)J ~~ (]a;rrLurr® ,g;rnwuutb¢l fiJuGurrtp ufTI!J;8i~rrw.l ~:jJ ~Gma;wrra; lLt5J,g;@!J8;@jU 01UJ-8;,g;~ rr W. aT (] 6lJfh G a:. ~ u tt <98' rr su wwmrnmJ; ,g;fT~8= G8'w{!Jrrw. ~[i{D ~1)8'ro a:.GQJ:f!j G8i!!J1..u1LLb, 'fiJ!D~ UJtD@jW8;,g;W fiTriiJ@j8= 8'6U§J{!Jrrtt G a:.m? Gruulll~QJr'r9JW @@wUI 6l.I@~f!Jrrlr9Jifr? ~ffiflj W.f!)l

fiJ!li:i

36 {ffIIJWLjGliJ{b .@oUm61J? {ilmGll lLmJi@j:2;, Gl~rfJlLfwrr?' iirw.f!)J C3aiLLrrw. :9)mJi@j GSImL Gl:9)rfJUJrr!PI GTw!Drrw &C36lJ:!hC3.g;~. t.5Jwmrr ~GlIW :9)w ~{5m)!5~LW (ilIFW.f!)J ~(3)!5 G8>w~o;mwJi C38>LL_rrw. {li{5m{li'4w )!5wJi@j GSImL Gl)!5rfJUJrr!PI GTW.f!)J an.p5Immt. ~:!hmrrfiu {il®6lJ®Lb ~lJeHi~LC3W i)®Lbt.5J QJ{5~mtr. ~uC3urr~ ~ IJIFm, .@{5{b ZLmr mW8>W W)!5.$ @j(!!Jwrrfr.g;@!;Ji@j:2;, Gl~rfJUJrr!PI GTm.f!)JW ~IJ a=fr.g;w wL(l;iC3w ~[!5J6lJrrtr 8>6lr GTm.f!)Jw ~)!5mrroU)!5rrm ~1Ja=tro;w .!L61Jm8> ~m C.YJL1I-qJ f!J~ GTw.f!)JW an.p5Imrrfr. t.5Jmmtr )!5{5mtb ~1Ja=f!llLGm Ul61J~rrL...,g;m tbr5i~,j Ga=m6lJ GlIFtUtbrrtr. 8>mL~~fiu ~[Ja=m ILUG~!ilJi,g;.j; GltbrrLr5i6Jmrrrn: 'Q.g;WtbwG[J, ~[f,)!5 wtbC3{Drrtt .!L61Jo;W GTmu~ ~Ji£JmJGUJ. If!yflUJGm ~{lirn GTrflGlurr®m. 6J1J~riiJ8>Gw 4m,g;. uaiC361J &6lJrrm61J. ~rrL....g;GU- ""'~. &Lfr8;W. a=c6i1IJGm tb~oU. ~L...a=:2;,i)IJr5i8>6lr Gl~®u4u Glurrp51.g;w. @{5{li ~Ji~oo~fiiJ G{liGlltt 09iW {Dwt.5J Jim.g; GTm~W Glf6®umu ~~!!r'i)lUrr8; ~~8;.$)W!Dmtt. OOi)Q5}@{5C3tb ~[Ja=mrrm Ga=rrwm t.5Jf!J.$£J!Drrw.' (il:9)rrLJtJi;~ lLUa(/J~:2;,tbrrw: '.@Ji;{li6 !ilp5IUJ ~Ji~mJ.9;@j GlI~urr(hl GlIFtUUJ C:QJmrLmh . .@Ji;{li.!L61J8>W (yJ@W~Gw ~Ji§JafI. @{5{D ~~-"ifJ ~~.j;{b~W QJ~urr@w GltbrrLJtJi;~ ~mLQutb.f!)J8;Gl8>rrmrc:L .@®.$~{D~. C3toGllIT o;@!;lb GfD'lJm{b8>~ t.5J{D®W .@6G){li GlIyS1u@§J{Drrfr8>w. wmJtbGm, WmJ{li.!LLG61J ~8;~iIfI~m u5109iGl/UJfrJi;{b !ilmmw!' {ilr5i@j ruLUlIIJf.b Qa=UJoU(yJm!DU u(hl~{Duu@GlIm)!5.9; 8;rr~.$)C3!Drrw. OIf}'wwGw GT®@jW urrfr.9;8>uu@.$)!D~. {ilJi;)!58; 8;m{b.g;~fiiJ6Tfiu6'Urrw ILL...8>@:2;,~ fpm.f!)J .!LWVi'IT ~. ~~ {il~)!5rrm: ~rrlb a;~@t.5JLfI-.$@jW 8lmmr5ia;Qwfiu 61Jrrw {DwJi@j ZL)!5Q)/UJrr.g;Gl/w UI{Duurr,g;Gl/w {il®c6{ljrr~w,

37
[pmh 8i~@t.5J LfI-.9;,g;C!J!LfI-!ii{D ~mm :2;,m{DH_JwGSI ~ Li {!JU urr~ 51wmffiJa;w ~dJ8imC:fi1J ILwmm. 8iLGljmw GlIyS1u@ 6lJ#jrD@j tEr5i,g;w L@GlIW ~m6G){!J8; a;~@t.5JLfl-8;8iG"l)rrW. ~~rr6iJ ~m{bGSlL u518i~fiiJG"l) Z!.®GlIW ~!iJo;mGQJ .!LWGTr~, ~~{ljrrw UJOO:9)m.tEriiJa;w ,g;LGljmm GlJySlUL ~® C3a;rr~61J 8iL-L61JrrW. ~~ ~&iJ61J~tbrrw. ~mrroU ~m{ljtOB/L u518;GljW [b6'iJ61J~, u51a;Qjw LUJfrJi;{b~ 6JdJa;mGGlI .@([§{i;~GlJ@t.h UJOO{b ZLLG61J. GGlI{ljriiJ,g;@!;8;@j.@[J~@ U@jiJa;w IJ...wwm armu~ gUiiJ8i@!;8;@j {ffImmGSl®8;@jW. ~m6lJ a;ITW8;rr~Llb, !8rrma;rr~LW. a;rr61JUC:urr8;.$)&iJ 09ifrwa;rr~L.j;iJfiiJ iJrfimUJa;irr Glu®6J ~8;a;6U8iw {ffIm{!Jp;~ ~GlItbp5166l@{5.fPJ .m1(EJuLC3Gl1 (!JlL1l-UJrrwfiiJ GurrtUGSI@Gwrr arm!D ~G1TGlj.9;@j ~~GSIL...L~. armGGlI lJ...urffJL{bffiJa;GJfIGb @mGll '?!D8; @jm{!JUJ tEJ;8iUUL@G5JLLAM{bB; ,g;rrm6JG{!Jrrw. ~mrrfiiJ (!prDp5I~wrra; 9~#S:Ij, ;fjwr;;yfJG5JLfTw&iJ,~GlJtbm!D ~m8;.$), ~mGll u L1I-uuL1I-UJrr,g; [C.$8;UU@§J!D ~. uwt!Ul;rr61J/Ji)fiiJ tutt .q;riiJ,g;m (]urrmjDmGll u51@jJi;@®!ii:fljm. Ulmmfr )!5.j;tpGlJ !8lTmla;w GlId>{bmfr. ~tba;mc:GlI riJ®uum{ljU t.5J@riiJ~ ~ySI.$§JW{!J ~6l1rn-6 gtti)®th{briiJ.g;mG1TuC:urrfiiJ ~GlIfr .q; r;;yfJ g fr fiJ® I>)!5W et iJ fr UJm!D 1J:J{f m:9) rr a;.@ ® 8; ,g; @l6iJG1l'l61J. wrr!Drr.q;, i1mmffiJa;Grf/m {iJL.j;i/6iJ ~GlIfra;w w!iJQ{!JrrmG1l'l!DU urrw[Jfr 8>@5~8; Gl&fT@.j;{brrfr,g;w. '~]G:!hrr ~B;.$)WI fiTw~Lb!ilmmw .!LfftrVi'lT~; ~~ ~6U61J~. ~mrr&iJ riJG{brr .@{5{bU y.u51 fiTm{!J w{bG'J!Drr®. !ilmmLb LwmC:{b! ~ fM 6T j,)!5snm 8; 8>LbLiIJ(JJJLb GluCf!j~wlLJ lb GlIrrtUJi;1fj{ljrr.q; ILmm ~! {ilG:fIjrr li/p5IUJ G,g;rrui/GiJ ~m.rJ)J a..ww ~. ~ mrrGb .@P;{DU t.5JlJur§a=Lb (!P@GlI~Gw G,g;m6Ifiu{ljrrGrn-! wrnl~m arffiJ@j GGlJmr@wrTmrrjWw 6lJySlUL6VrrC:w! wmrLBfM wmJ{brT 8>6lr QJ!#u@Lb ~GlJriiJ,g;6lr @G{ljrr, GlIySlu@6lJ{b{b a;rra; QJG1l'lIJ!B~6lrW fiJ.j;i)lJriiJo;w ~C:{lirr, u66lLiLr5i8iw

R...61JaiW ~Qr

38 ~G.pjrT! ~mrTGU @GD1QJ ~mm:i;j;JiJJIw UJflJ~.pj, lLu5Jfr Q/rT!p~WflJ, I2...liWfrQjuSl8i,g; LDWI.pj ~.. _WLJ 6TWflJ U6l5ldLw L ' I2...wmG.pj! 1Lu5J1}"{iJ/D ~wmriiJ,g;GD1W Q/!fIU@QJm.pjmJL uSI,g; GLD6UrTm~ ~GU6UQJrT?' 6TW/DrTfra;w ~filJfra;w. {i)uGUrT~ Gl1IGmrT.pjLDrTm ~® G,g;rTL....Um..:_ dJ® .. ~ QJ@j~GflJrTW. 6Tm8iG,g; ~iDllFrfJUJrr,g;u LJrflUJmJGUm6U.I!AJ,g;

39

. Gl B=UJrua;w LJrfI!f;(lj, ~ mrTGU f8rTmw QU{lJrT1bQJJt,g;w !DfD I/J ' ..0 • • r,;;'\ _0' @fD{iiflJI91W (!fJ{DOil5IruLJGD1a;GlJ'<J;',UJrT.g;blfwLJ/m~rT 1{t;/~1o)]1~ :
«56lr@!JW, tSJ[!J@5 (ljtiJtSJm[!JulIro uj;J~m~D [DrT,:-,g;~,g;@jW, r5ifD@> ~rflIL1W Gl{DW ilma: a[DrT,g;~(f Gl(ffil)jJJILD ~.!J)J WrTflJriiJ,g;@!J8;@jW, r51(D@j (ljriiJa;w (!fJwamrTfra;w Q/rT@W ~6lJ.$)dJ@jW, tSJWfiMfr ~,g;fT 1F:i;i1{iJ@jW Gl<!FW.!J)J <!Fwi)1}" w~L61J:i;m{D ~mLIiJ!DrTJt,g;W. ~riiJ(!!) ~QJJt,g;w GJ!6QJJt a;1@>8;@jILmfQJrT,g; LDrT .{!)JNJ[!JrTfr,g;w. ~wmJt a(lj~fr 8>6YTrr.g;~ t51fD{bB, [D.v~mmu uUJro (!fJllI-ILIwQJmq ~f!iJa.g; Q/rT~ i1fDrrfr.g;w. [D.v6"61mmu uUJw.g;7" .C!P4~i)iDltb wm(6lU: ~G flJ QJ!fIulIru gL6l8i(!!) QJ(!!jil[!JrTrT.g;m. ~UaUrT ~ c!p(ljG6}fil) ~.g;rTIFLDrT~, r51wmfr ,g;rT{iJflJrrliJ, tSJwmfr LJ~,g;UJrTiJ, r51/D~ Ufii5fley>LLWfT 1iJ, tSJromJt GLD,g;LDrTiI ~(ljmtSJ [!J@5wm!p(lj 8 ~rorfJ8>6YTiT.g;u guSlu5!ru ~@liJflJrrJt,g;w, r51flJ@j ILIiW1ilJU Qurr(!!jL....,g;@!j6Yr LJ@jW~, WOO{Dl}"rrGi.l 1L6fuIiWUUL....@ ~QJfr a;6YT iDl (!!){pfi;m{h8>WrTliJw[!Jmrt. {!j{iJQIFU1iiJ LJrflW{hQJrt.g;m {!j6V6lJ j@Wu~j;JGi.l r51[!J8;IiJ/Drrrt.g;m; $UJ QIFUJ.v LJIflfi;i)QJfr.g;m @ @~W{hGlJfr semt s; IgW, fifil6IJffiJCf>g;mrr .g;8;.8n.LU •. L5i£?8; $I W /Dm Jt . ~ 6IJriiJ@j,g;w Gl1fj rr LrT [D B {i) [D1fj /lLGUIiJ fD@j QJ(f!JQJiDlW@riiJ~®!f;iDl GUrTQJBLDrT 8> @®8;~rir/D6N. ~{hmrT GGUaUJ {j)W1b 12...fil)a;W !EJm!DQJ~W {i)ium6IJ, QPdJpSiiJJIw a;m;-S/UJrTQJDW {i)6iJmGU. iljlfJ6l(!!J!f;§tb {DrTW U6IJ, ,g;(!!Ji;~8;,g;GD1m.U Glu[!Jo:'rru:, Gurr 8>uGurr.g; {bW@j LJrfI!f;iDlQa;rrmw6IJrrw. @GlJ/D{l5Im Qurr(!!Jmm# ~{!5IB urrfruGurrw.GlFrTfr8;a;:i;il[iJ@j.!F QIF6VQJGD1i)8; 8n..!J)JW u@j;JmUJfifilL ~riilfiJ®!f;1Ul ~QJfr a;w jd,uSl8;@ji; i'®WLJGllGD11b8; 8n..!J)JW U@jj} 1F[iJ.ff)JGla;6JfJQJrr.!T. @C!!J8;NJ{DIUl' ~mrr6iJ ,g;LQjmm ~{l5IUJrr{6iDlQJmlJ ~m6U UJrTm Qa=rrJt.j;a;w 6TWU§)i fj1W.{!)Jw @6iJm6U 9fWUIUl{ljrrrn ~1brn (J:P@~ 8>®~~ bfW.[!lJ GTm8;~~ G{6rTW9)J~ID~' UGUW a;®$J, ~~i) Lfil)8i)ru [!j{iJGla=UJGi.l8j~ LjFi1fi;{6, ~mrTGU

OO~

WrTli\> !iJi/6l5l®!f;iDl fiT .pjrTQJ~ ~pSiUJ CYJllI-ILILDfTmrTli\> ~pSi~iDl Q,g;rTw<!!!)riiJa;w. i/UJrTm:i;i/w ty>6UW i)WGD1m:i; grilGD1LDUU@:i;i/ C§rTmW QudJflJ LDQjf)i)W,@flJ!i>i)~tb c!p i) fit5J Ii\> ~ WJLDtU LDtr m 1L6U,g;~ i/dJ® # Q <!F ~ flJrTW . Ii\) ~riiJ~®!f;iDl ua;6IJrra; @®8i@jW@L:i;f;!dJ®# QIF.v~/DrTW. ~liJ~®!f;~ QJwfrL5im(D8i®5 Q<!F.v~{Drrw. ~ffiJ~®!i>~ ~rfJUJW QJL~ G[DrT8;~# QIFGUiJJIW~.{!)J WrT.pjriiJa;@!j8;(t!Jtb, ~riiJ ~®fi;~ QJ(!!JL:i;iJ{iJ(t!Jtb, ~riiJ ~®fi;~ (:!;rflUJ~J;®tb, ~riiJ ~®fi;o 1F!f;i/q~.j;(:!jW, <!F[hj;Jl}"oofit5J(!!Jrh~ uSlwmGU 12...6U~{iJ@jW Gl<!F.v~flJrTro. ~riiJ@j ~QJW woo.pjmGU61JrT.pj ~®QJmq# 1Fd@8;~{lJrTW. ~QJfr @QJmm (6Tli\>m6U8;@ IlLLUL....L) L5iI}"Ww:i;$JLW ~m!p:i;B# .Qa:.v~{DrTfr. @iDl(ljrrro G.pjQJfr~rn c!p~QJJt,g;@!jw <§rTQjf),g;@!jw @/Drh.pj L5I{lJ@j{j)fi;{lj filJ!fIu5!GU(ljffwGUrT $/JDrTfra;w. dPlQJfr f/iW t£6fu@tb ifl®wLjQJj;Jiumru. @tH{lj WrT(ljW, Q/(!!JL.J..b6TwUmi) Q UJ.v(il)rr W Q (ljWJQJ tt a; ~ pSirh(lj QJfr UJtt ®uSliuGD16U. fj1wGlQJrT ®QJ (!!Jw .pjm 8;@j:i; G{ljrrwpSi UJQ./rT .{!)J Gl UrT ®W an...{!)J~w /Dmrt. i16Urt @mQ./ GlQJ.{!)J L5i.pjdJ/DiiJ6TW.{!)J a;._.{!)J W ~W!Dm-Jt. ~rflUJ l1J6fuLru:i;j;J{iJ@jU GurrGlJ~, 1F!f;j;Jq w6fuL...6Uihil{iJ@ju GUrTQJB, uSlmmGi.l W6fuL6U:i;j;JiiJ fj1(!!jfilJW ~!f;i) ~WLDrTQj8;@j lL.pjfi61 GllFlilGlJiDl @GD1QJu{iJpSi UJrT®8;@jW 6T~QjW Gl.pjrflUJrT§. <!F!f;j;J1}" WmLfil):i;j;JGi.l ILu5JJt,g;6tr QJrT!p~w!lJm 6TwuiDl {i}!f;iDl8;a;6JfJmLaUJ !EJruQjw 9® a;(!!j:i;iDl. ~liJ~(!Jj!f;o lLu51rt 6TUUllI- Q/';(ljiDl6Twum(lj8; ,g;rTmGurTw. il';(ljU L51!lJo;£/ulIGi.l

QJiPI.

a;w

40
~mLlLJrr{DWrr8iW ~{D!B{D UJ{D~ ~!B{D W!fI ~!B{D W!fI fiTm!J)/ fiT6UWrr{Drr6iJ~ Gla=rrrr8;8i:dJm{D# G.g:rr ~{Drrrr8iw. ~rrw t..5I{DUum{DU GurrruGw ~riiI~ ~wrr8iW G{DWrT8i~m ~!p[hm{D8i~rr 8iU UJ{D!B~, J5DU~mmu UUJW ~@lw@Ji~wwm(J ~diJ® wrr~8i1{Drrrr8iw. GW{Drr!B{D:dJ@m ~l1I-uumL8; 8i([!j:dJGl{DrrwJ!)J ~{!jm~w GlQl~UJrr8i1{D~. ~{Drrw~ GlUUJ([!jW :L([!jW(y)W Gl8irrOOLmW tf/miUUJrrmmQ/ ~DU6U fiTmuG{D ~fDJ. ~[h{DU guSJ tElm61)UJtb{D~, 'J"Glm~ru ~{Dtb~u GlUUJ(!JjW :L([!jQJ(y)W :LWW /iJ/. ~~Gurrfill Gla=rrfr Ji8iffiJ8i@!Jw tElrnfil) UJ!iJJDlEil5lwUJrr8ij,{Drrw ~@J;8i GQlOO@w. 'J"Glmm/fill -=,/ru!iJ{!5I!iJ®w QUUJ([!jw :L([!jw(yJw :Lwwm. tElm61)UJrrm Q.g:rrfrJi8iw fiTw.!!)J 8n..f!)JQlG{D (y)(J~rrm~. 6JGlmro/iiJ GluUJ([!jw :L([!jQ/(y)w :Lw6YT'rnw ~rnmj,fDJw 8irrfil)j,fj)iiJ (yJUJ-UJ Gwmr@w. ~mw GQI{Drr{h{Dj,@w (yJLSJ-rurrm G8irrLurr@8iW.nmGQjGla=rrrr8;8iriil8iW utb{15lUJ8i@:dJ/918;8iW

41
~riurt!J ~~6:JUJ :LL~U GlUtD.[[)Ji> {!jffiJ8iGtr yJwGmrrfr ( C/jI@jLm fiTmJ!)JW LD~~#~UJrr 8i tiilJrr~~{DfTrr a;w. GlutbGfDfTrT, L9w-m~8iGtr, lLtb{DfTfr lL!D~mfr bTW.f!)J bTDUG6UfTmIJILfW t!fffi@i>fDJ, ~$J® tiilJfTJPtiilJ(;'6){!juGUfTruGw QlfTfp{h{!jfT5J)Jw LD@~#~ ~ffiJ® ~@8iW tEl6U@j8i1lDfDJ· @[h)1!j tiilJrr[p~5J)JGTr~ ~wuffiJ8iW, ~LirUrT@8iW ~(;'6)mi>tpw LDmID!BfDJw~~#~ {5Irn{D[h{!j ~fDuUfTm tiilJfTfp8;m8i WL@Gw ~ffiJ®@(!Jj8;~!DfDJ. @$fD rffimrurnUJ fiT6UtiilJW@j{DrTW 8"rollufT suxre« ~ fiTW.f!)J LD~fDfr8iGTr 8n.{15ImfTiWw, :Loomw bTwuIP S>w.f!)J, 8"r8i ClurT8iw fiTWU~ wtDGl{DfTmG{D ~fillrutiilJfT! lLoornLDu5Iw :L#t!frffimrurnUJ ~rnLlLfwtiilJrn(J lL~rnw fiTmu/iJ/ 8"r8iwfilflu UfDrT8i ~~rufT{D IF!B)1!jrTUuriila;~w ILw~m. WfTtDIDffiJ8iIEil5lW G6/(!!jWUfT{!jGfD w~)1!j @UJ~LJ· ~~ 'J"15fTQJ/iJ/ fjmrnID# GllFuJ~{D/iJ/, UJID® ~@~(!!j$/iJ/ Glru61flGUJ QlIJ (yJllI-lUfTwfill ~W4.f!)J8i1ID/iJ/· LJ@UJ 8i@;'/iJ/8;8irnW LDmt.b 'J"tb.f!)J8; Glc!T.fTm Qlfj)DU61Ilru.6JGlm~fill ~61IlQl tiilJa=fj)Ji @jrn[D@j8irn~ 6J!D

8iL@jm~

rn8i~LUULJ_m.
Gla=rrfr8;8iLb tElmruUJrrm /91 fiTm{D 8i@:dJ/91 .g:w~rn{!j uSIfill8irr~uu@IYID/91· @/91 S>([!jtiilJrr !)J(yJ8iwf)UJfr 8ifilflL(y)W J 8i1 (l51oYu{DQlfr 8i6tffL(!PW tf/ruv;yw 8i@j,rn{DU Gu rr wfDG:1!). (y)8iLD@UJrT 8iw@m{D ~m~ WlFtDJ!)J iTLJ!)J@UJJT8i# Gla=rrDU8i1JDrrfr8iW. Gl.g:rrrr8;8i:dJfj)DU ~J!)J8i~W ~~8i1UJ' G{DrrLLriil8i~ $m{D[h@@8;@jw fiTWJ!)J ~Qlrr8iW 8n..[[)J fiIJDrr rT8iW . ~ a",UJ UJU U rr rn 61) tiilJ ffiJ iw;yf/ uSJ W m 8 fill 8i@j GQ/OOLuu@W6 {lJoomFrr. fiTmGQlGl~rrrr8;8ij,rn{Dj, {D~mfrr {$1rn{D{¥ @LLDrr8i8; 8i([!j~~{!1rrw Qj)8iLDjUJW .: ' ~~UJ-iiJ ~J1)JLDrrfDw LDrn~ Glurr!fllLfw ~rrLUJ-DU UJ{D[hfDWW (fJrr•• ~rrm GllFrrfr8;a;i>m{D W{DOOL Urt!J@' uut 8i fiTOO~ OQlOO@W GurriWw! -='//iJ/GurrDU{Drrw ~ffiJ filG 61) UJ rTa;~w. .g:W ~ rn:1!)u5J iiJ 8n.!fJ. U u L@mw '. Gla=rrrr8;a;ffiJ8iW tElrnruUJrrmrntiilJ. {i){D~~ GurrmtiilJrra;w

u@:dJ/iJ/~rolDm.
lLutElL{!jriua;w;yf/~ 9fr ~!DLJfD WfT.f!)J{!jDUrffi8i[pW61Il)1!j8; a;rToo~G[DrTw: @{D!B{!jQJrTa;6rr {Dr5l8i6rr (!pwG6MfTfr8i~Lm 6lJ rr[Ptb/iJ/W(!Jj8i1w ID CDI!FfTrT 8;8iriil8iW {€JrnruUJfTmrnwUJ rr a; ~(!!jJia; (yJUJ-UJfT/iJ/. JGl6'JT~fill QUUJ@W&L(!JjQl(yJw ILmLIU 6 et !JJ@jW ~!fIUJi>15rTG6'JT GQlOO@W firm.f!)J ~rntiilJ 8n..[[)J 6:JW{D6'JT.iL.(!!j€1liifDJLW 8n.UJ-UJQa=fTfr8;8iffiJ8iW @(!!jtb)1!jfTfill, 8irTruUGUfT8;8i1ru ~rnQl ~!fI{6G{DUJfT& OWOO@W. G8ifTUJ-8; 8i~8;8ifT6'JT .!H,OO@8iGTr ~m€1l ~~8irurrw, ~mfTru ~rn€1l ~~UJ GWOOUJ-UJ 8irT61)W fj • .[[)J €1l!BG{!j ~(!JjW. ~{!jWlLm wtbQ{DrF(!!j 8i®i>!JJ Q€1l~uu@6:J{D!JJ. @tb{!j lLuilrT 8iGTr guSJ8;(!!J:dJ @@WU GWOOUJ-ILJ6U>wGUJ. llFrTfr 8; G 8iriil8iW fiTwurnG)J {fJfill~rnma;w;yf/w uUJmm ~€1lfr8iW

~Wlu~8;®t.b

jlLW.
-='/ rn W

{fJru~rn6'JTU fi;J

ulLJm

~rT{6{D/iJ/t.b

LD oo@w

g uSJ ® j, 8;

® t.b OJ '" @~ illID sst .

42 @@roI®~~w fP6isr,gu LJrfJ~f!J~; uSl9iu LJIJH {!jm 9irr~~ @(l~(lUJ a;rrl}".m9imfiUJ~ {!j~~QJ~~{!juu{btD1 wroJ{!jm ~tD1rt@®~{!jrr6isr ViT6TnU(J{!j~~. lDw~ f!j~~QJQJrr@9iw @f!j6Glm f>TuuL!J-~ {!j#;~QJ G'9Im8;9ifiil9imrrSlf'!> ~rr8;~ Glwrr ~9imrr iWw GlQJm!u5)L..J..._rrrr a;w f>T~U~f!jLl Ulwmrr urrrru(Jurrw. ~mrrfilJ @diJ(Ja; ~~QJ ~f!J8;®mf!JUJ wlPm~ GlLDrr~ C:urr~C:Q/ fLWmm. • @~f!j JWfilJ,g;~mu Ulq_8;®WC:UfT~, @mQ/ ~mm{!j ~W ~,g; ~guUQ/fiil8>(Jm f>T~umf!j fLfiiml}"~rrW. @mQ/ Gla=UJfilJ(!pmID8;® fL8>~{!j{!jrr,g; @®8;8> (!pL!J-UJwrr f>T~,gu f>TGiilTmm !8ffiJ,g;W C:,g;L.J___rrfilJ,(!P{!jfI6'JfilJ fi)mQ/ Gla=UJfilJ (!p6GlID8;@J 1L,g;~mQJ, UlGiilTwGl}"!j~~Q/ GllD¢! f>TwU~{!jrr<Oftr { f>TW ujJ-U. (!PIDfl6'JfilJi)mQ/ ~~uG'5l8;,g;uuLLm, f ~t6IUJu ULLW; UI<OftrwGl}" fiT@{!jUW.:_LW f>T<Oftrum{!jtEffiJ,g;w .g;rrfiimQ)rrw. uoomLUJ ~~{!jmmUJrrmlr8>@!jL6iT fi)~{!j fL~8>W (lu~UJ~, Uf!JmQl8>W C:u~m, G'5I~i!J@,g;w C:u~m, @,rflUJ~W a=~iI!l@)Jw Gu~mlr. ~tD1~~p5lIDrr,g;~QJrr8>w Glurr®L,g;mw SIL.m1r~{!jrrlr ,g;w, @lU{bm,g;u5IGiiIT fi){!jUJiifljlw 4@1j~{!jrrrr,g;w. 61[i;{!jmm-~ @IDii{!JfT(lQ)rr {ljrr 8;,g;eutr1/ii;{!jrrG eon fi)w,gu Gla=uJlUuu(hlQ/~C:urr-u UlIDI}" ~ ,g;®~~8-.e;q;rnmu GlUfT!f)J8;~QUJ@i;~ fP® GlwfilU .rw-U ~UJ{bp51(JUJrr,~Q/Ir ,g;@!JmLUJ giU,g;@_9GiT 9 6iTmID8; Q,g; rroo@, • lDrrGiiIT Gla=uJQ/~(Jurr6iJ tE.L Gla=rr{bQurry)lQ/ t61,g;IPi;iJC:UJrr ~6iJ~rrLD6iJ ~mwjJUJrrm, GJurr !f)J6U>LDUJrrm ~l}"rrli.J#~u5Iw e!:P~C:LD ~Q/rr r!1JW fLOOQS)wm UJ8; ,g;oo LJDI ~{!jrr Ir ,g;GiT . @{!j6Tn (!P8;~ UJ <;) lD¢! Q a= 6iJ(!p m fD(JUJ, ~ u u L!J- c: UJ UJ f>Tu(JUfT~w @®t6{!jrr ,g;Q/w C:Q/~@w. LD~W f>TWU~ f>TuC:UfT~w Gla=UJiiJ(!pmID G'5I8l9fTwGw. ,g;®~{!jm6'5l-u LDL@C:W fLwm LD{!jW fiTWU~ fiTGiilTJDlC:w @®~{!j®ai.lmQ). @WI @®8-.,g;u (JurrQ/~uSliUm~. (!P{!jfI6'J-u GJa:UJ6iJ(!P6U>fD, L5JmwGl}" ~¢!Q/.

43 ~u5)rr,g;w ®®wUI QJ®~mfDW f>T~f!J 8>®~~ tOfuGurrfljl(Jw @®~~ Q/~{!j~. UW"IW f>TjJrrurrrr~~ ~{iJGla=llJiU,g;w 4rfJuQ/rr,g;w ~{!jrnwu GJu.f!)J~mfDmrr. ~wrriU @~{!ju u~w,g;w t61rnwUJrrwmQ/ ~iUw. u~m .".~u~ Glc!FlU-U ~{ljrrQJ~ 8ifT!lq;m~@m ~mG'9lm{ljrr8>(lQJ [i)®8>@jw f>TmfD ,g;rr!lfiim8ifTrfJUJ8;8i(I!J~~ GJQJ@j~~s;rrs;8; anJ)Juu@Q/rn{lj lDfTW@fiil(l8> 8>rr~ ~(JIDrr W. 8irrl}"fiim ~rn{!ju (JUfT~(lQJ 8irrrfiUJ(!pw @®8;@W. 8irrl}"fiimw (!pL!J-Q/wmD, .,,-waQl s;mfilU(!pw (!pL!J-Q/wm {ljrr 8i(JQI fi)(!!j8;,g; (JQJar@w. 9i tt I}"fiim W t6I 6U> ~ UJrr w {ljtt ,g; @ ® ~ {ljrr filJ G'9I m Q/ W 6U> r&lm~llJrrm{ljrr,g; @®8;@jtb. ~",rr6U [h{bGJa:UJ6U4rf}QJ~ GU tt mID 8ifTl}"fiimi!Jr!1JW GlT6UWfT f>T6UrnW lLWmrnQJ. tb ~{ljfilJrr6U br6UmwUJtDfD6'5IrnmQ/8>mm @Q/{iJfDfT6U 6JtDu@~{lj C!PL!J-UJfT. ~ lDrrtb fi)u(Jurr ~ (Js;6'i1G'91u5)m WJ!)JU8;8i~@tD@ @J@~(lfDrrw. t61rnfil)UJrrm GJ,g:rrrr8;r!1JWfir.u~ @(!!j8;8i c!pL!J-llJrr~. ~D(Jurr~(JQ/ t61mwUJrrm {DI}" fiTmfD fPm!f)Jw 8it.b @@8;9i (!pL!J-UJrr~. Q/fTW6'5l6U ~GiJGJQJrr® 8i.m(!pw fbmw(JUJ Q,g:tiJlLfw9(!!j ~Qlm {Drrm brm ,gu~QI~~8; Qs;fTGiT@!jfiil8iw. ~WfT Sllw f>Tm-iji fiT6UmwUJ{b1D ~~m.g;lLtL<Oftr f fiJ~{lj @JrrlP8;rna;mUJ9LJI.5JLLrr6U, fiJ~ f}Qr'/f)i(JLD @6U6U)fiIJ. ViTm-(J@J t61!l[i;{!jlJwrrm {ljarLrnm fiT6Tnf!)9w.f!)J fiJ®8;@j LDfTwrriU, (!pL!J-6lJwm a;rr!l.m ~@~~~ (!pL!J-G'9IiUwrr lj { s51mm6lJ ~tDu@QI{!JfT8i ~§JfD~· ~}J;i9(!!jC:urri91w {DL8;a; C!PUJ.-UJfT~.fiTm Q/rrlPlDrrw (!p(!j>QJl!Jlw lDtDQa:UJoU GJa=rU fljfT6b t61!l~{!JI}"WfTW Q,g:rrrr 8;8i~m{ljU'Qu.!l)JC:Qlm f>Tm!f)J Qa:fT~mrrQl ~~ bri.JuL!J-~ {!jQ/;{fjJ ~@)(Jwrr, ~~ (Jurr~fDD{!jrr. fiJ66lJw. lLarrnwmUJ ~#~{!jQ/rr8i~8;~, ~QJ){!j fLfiimrr~ fljQ/IrS;@_98;@ ~iirfDrrQ/!91 9® Q/y)I I!..wm!91. WfTfiG)llJ~ glrn!lfiG)lUS; a;L~6 Qa=6UW 9 (Jf!J QJ~-

fiJ~

44

45 CF.rr G"Cflff UGlJOO~ QJrrwa.rn,g; ~mutb £b!fi7lJ!D!f;fh§jJ.m..mrmwfi7lJ1LJ dJltrSJrA§jJ ~m;iJ~fTrudJtrSJiWw ~G"CflffrnW~U1.9; 8>~L6liaW @{i;~ ~~8i/w rurr/;p (!Pl.f.lLfw. <:!MGlHiJrfT6"iJ wL(j)lClw, '@{i>flj QJfTy>~QJ fDrrw <:!MWu~a.$)a{DW, {i){i>flj (;lJfT~€ilSIaU fDrr Giir W 8i) Q:~ Ulrr a; @@8;.$)GflJW ' et tii5T .[f)J Q <!frrwUiU
QJ tt

dJI~~fTriir lLfi'ffimwmUl ~f!Jlu@luu~. ~G~m>rnwmUJ ~W1u~uu~ bT~u§)J et ifjIQQJG51 iLUtfiLfbl5J8>W 8iL.[f)J 8ilw{!JfH1T-pjtffimw, ~mw {iJQJtbm{!J 9i>~8; Qa>fTWQTfTllJ Gl5l@uu§jJ; ~mm;b @4W>(;lJGlUlWrufTGW ~m-l.DfT6Vl5I5I@[t§jJ QJ(!!jliJGtr{!Jfi6T, GT~~fT~i>tD1~w ~ w WfT ~(!!;8;liJ[D ~ "1'rn U~1fj ~p5J%.t6l Ga>fTmQJ~. ~.pjrrfilJ:ffJ/ @~fb ~6lJ.g;i;rn~ I.D,g;;Uu~, a;w.a;~,," ~@fiEl®~/Pi ijl(.§uOlGSI®Gli~, fiiw{D Qlrnm J: Gla:fTlr 8;8>i;@~l]ufTfii> {lj[J8i:!>@~w, ~rrfilrnl6iJaUfTW Cfm;1iliJNW !Jjrr~uifjl. @§)J~fT~ {ljfTm an_{!51Ul1fjW GlUfT(!!jW. @ff;1fj ~~CbW 8>L6lJWlm~(!!j ~.mmw. ~!JjfT,g;w fij6"Ol{OGlJC:w, ~rrw rurrfilJi>i!@J;@jt.iJ @L(!PW ~(;lJGf)". 6Tru 6UfTtb t9/JwwGw. QJtb6"Ol[D8;8irrliim@/w ~GWIJ~t.iJ GQJmr @G W ~.5J [J, GJQJ .g)J wG rn- G UBTGltC: fb tr fiIfiji) uu(]1fjrT Gurr<$jfT§jJ. ~mmi;@iWw @rniDQJGm, tSJ[Jww(]w tfirntDd> iJ@uum1fj ~6irWfT .,!}/{!51ff;~GEJLLfTru ~~ G'J,g::rrn-8;.g;:!> @tbG,g;fT ~IJ ,g;:!>@!bG8>fT GQlQ[Driu@jGwfT GUfT W4W>1fjUUtb{!518; .g;QJm~UULrr§jJ; @t6-?iU kJ,uSJu5JG6lJfTG1,g::fTlr8;,g;~@G6l)rr i.E ~(£/w O/{Duum{DU utb{I5llLfw ~§jJ 8TQImruuULfT t!Jl. ~mwrrrnQJu QUrT !f)J:!>{!JQJmlJuSlGiJ @rn6liQUJ~fiI)rrw QUfT(!!jror1'!D{DmQJ.Io/QGGT~biJ GT6VfiI)lT®L(!PW 5lW.[!)J{!JlT~. st 6iJ6l)fT .@L!liIe;@¥h@rnIDGlJqflrill C:.g;m61~; fiiTrufil)fT @Lfiil ,g;@!;W Lf~ tb ktuSi; Gl,g; tt fr J;8i&, (!i1J .g;W sr tffi .f!)J GT iW W riu.$) ~§)J S">rr~u.{!)J @m[DQ1~6N Cfrrror,wf)i;i'!llJi>rns1JjGUl. f!jffirnLD ~fi7lJLD,IDlllT!PG!fiFfTG!f ~mQJ §)$.f!)IGw ,@W6"Ol6U. @@LJUftjJ GTWfi7lJfjUlLJ!D{D fj}Gtr{DlTfWf L.5}iJWLfPw. ®$~ tff/rn6lJ4W>UJ~mLUQJW ~uGurrG1D ,g;.fh~illJf>iJr ~8iI[!)rr6ir 6TW.[f)J aQJ1!irr%~W 8"a..f!)IfiJ{D§jJ. GlJrn WL(jj)Gw ~ @ihtb ~6l)8i)biJ QJrr~GlJ$lJ{iJ®.t fh®@ gt_mLUJGlJW, W!D!DWtT 8i@58;@j ~rA~~ fb®iJ .@6iJrn6l). SmLDqplUJ8> CbfT~UQJro GTUul.!J-- ®{i;~ gt_GU.$)GiJ lfTlP (!jJlSJ-Ufw? ~6lJ6U§jJ QJfTt;P9;rm8> Q S!(!!) tplWU# 8"rmwGUJ. ~urrlLJffiJ8>~mJ; 8>fT~U~~W

yw; rm& §)JW U W £b!rntDff;~§)J . W(J Gffi";mfb8; i

y;

(YJ lSJ-1LJ W.

Ii/

{ij{DWliJmLuJ/w, ~I7.g;~6"OlfbU u{btrSJUJ 8>@~.@ (]GlJ~® s;61i)6iJ6Triu®Gw ,@rum6lJ 6TmumfljUfw [fjrrfiU 1Uirr8>@58;®8; an.{!518;Q8>rrw@G{Dm. ~§jJ OIw6Urr6'ffl6iJ 4[JrrmrdiJ,g;61i)GiJ fblTrn 6T@rA1bGGT. GQJfbriiJ.g;~mi..J Qurr jJ)J~fb6lJmr:r uSl8i8; e;rJJ rnLDUJfTW -?idMLrmw @ti>:fljiL6l).$'JW wd6r@w :5I!Duu(l1fj, @@WUG!fW 6'lJ@6lJG:flj. ~1Jt.Dui;@~(!!){ba:!5 @{b~8; 8>(!!ji>~ {E/rt 8;@j6UT;trntlJ GfDTT 8;@q GlJ6UQJ~~8; e;rrm liJGflJfTW. -?i!OWrL~ro, Gl6iJ@jW@ bT~tD 8i(!!)i;~0;s">,," uSJ.g;6lJw Qumg& wrrromQJ. [Dwmwu C:UfTiUG6iJ fP@QlmG51 6fI@jWU6lJW, ®wQwrr@6lim(iJr QQI.[f)J8;8>Ii1JW aD.tq...UJ WW!~8; 8>LIi1JG1r 8i@.t@tiJ@ji;fbfTro {iJmQJ Glurr@i;~wrr,g; @@O;@jw. @.tthrna;U) 8>LIi1Jirr" WL(j)IC:W th6'WLmm,g;C:,,""fT Gl6lJ@jwpjI ,g;Gmrr Gl8>rr@uurrlr. filUUlf-UULL 8>LQfmm ~m.b <!fw~rnfbu9ru 8>rr~~G{DfTw. .,!}/ffiJG,g; uUJw fiiTW~W 8i(jJji;§jJ ,fPlfiID!p8i){D§jJ. ~WfTW @_ut6lLfljriiJaiWlbiJ 6)Jti>~ !lLLGroGUJ UlLlrb 6T6iir~W a;(jJj~§jJ LDm{D{b§jJ, .dP/ti>~ filLJj @iI1 §lfr 8;@)mr8; 8>®i;§)J qtbu(]jlfiJ{D§jJ. 6TUGUfT §)Jaw !fL@Q/i;§jJ Lrn ~mGffi" ti> i1®8;@W wrol fb6"6T ru @rA~ tr
rf)n-___d::::.IrF-JOtr~
~jl ("""~V"'\I1
fiJI

...rrrlT._&:'.cx'\1C.·,
t::n-~ .. n:~}\WU,i~""", !

IrHrr-_rcIf.:')IrIT.k~JrrJ '-1i "~g)l~,r;nl r V" uu,gu

rr w fr 8imfT 8;8; a;®thUu@ublJTr8>W an.L @~fb rEin-8;@jliim8; CF.L6lJW 8>(!!)i;{lJfTru QQJjJ)JuumLliIrntDGGTrr. ~WfT6U S">LG!frmw wrol;!E ~@j6'5lw 6T~@fJJGlJ:ffJ/ QLJfT@w{iJ!DfbfTa;GQJ 6TGGT8;®i> G fbrT W .!J)J!iI {!J§jJ • ~U5I @jW6'ffI®9;@W S">LGl/W, fLuS! [JtbtD
~

u5I 8;(i}j Lb 8ilf-6U WfT W §jJ:!5fT'iN. GlLJ rfilU

rA:!5 mWill

azf"""' ..
t:::\lJi~~J

UL.Jjl

,rrrrn_. CD'\,JJ.1OU

46
a;LQjW; UJ rr([!jLD ua rt ,#,a;rr1fj UJrr([!jLD ~{l5JUJrr 1fj a;LQjW, ~{l5J{i;:fli a;LQjW-{iJQJtb.f!)JW fir~ fLUJrt$1fj a;([!j#i~? rfJrt'#'@j~'#' a;LQjClm fLuSJrt'#' a;LQjW; ~([!j 'fli#i~QJLD. a:@j~8; a;LQjW, {Elfr'#'@j~8; a;LQjW @C!]j Qa;rrwma; a;@'#'@jLDfLWm ClQJ.f!)Jurr@ @~Cl6lJ-a:@j~ 8; a;LQjW G'la;rrwma; WroJ1fj QJUj-6lJ#i~ Lm- {Elm-f!)J6'5I(f}1LD. rt '#'@j~ 8; . {EI a;LQj<]mrr, G1fj6lJm1fj, w6"6fi1fjm, w7([!ja;w steceotruxr a;/J i'~~~Lm-, 4~m-rra;rr'flim6lJUJrra;QjLD @([!j8>&i1{Drrfr. ~G'lmroJ6iJ Jilrt8;@j~LD firlDfirW1LDGurr~ ~~ @j~~ a;@LIDfir an..UJ--UJ mm#im1fjUfLD ~ 1fj@6'5IUJ~, tS/i;ur8a:#i i'~wm ~mm #ii'w Qwrr #i'fliLD,[jJ~'fli6'5l1) fir6iJm~Ultb.f!)JLD fLWm~. 'firUUUj- ~GI) ~'#'&i1~ fL6'U&i1GiJ tSlI)G6lJ~#i~, uGiJG 6lJ.f!)J 6lJUj-6lJ~ a;W/6iJ Q6lJW/ U u(f)J &i1 [DG'flirr , ~m6lJ 1fj6'5l1)firGiJm~UJtb[D1fjrra;QjLb @([!j'#'@[DG;f!jrr'l ~~GurrlDfir[DG1li !&1rt8;@j~ Jilm~. 6lJrrCLgLD a;LQjmmGUJ {brrLD 6lJySlUL 6'5I(!!jtD4li1G[DrrLb. {brrm- 6Tm 6lJrr~8;me; (!:p(L{6lJ@~Lb e;LQjmm#i 1fj6'5l1)Cl6lJ.f!)J firm1fjUfLD e;~L@6i)m~, rE~a;C8LD ~uuUj-GUJ. @$'fli WTtb a;rr~mUlU urrfr8;e; G6lJ~@wrrmrr6iJ (!::P;f!j~GiJa;LQjmm8; a;rr~liI!Drta;w, tSI~mrt ~6lJrf}~LD ~6lJrte!:P~(!:pLD1fjrrw [Drrtba;rr~mUJ8; e;rrmr~!Dfr a-.w. '[Drrw @(!!j8;liIG{Dm-' 6Tm-.f!)J an..{l5JUJUUJ--GUJ ~6lJrt 6T~@jLb [jJC!]j8;liI[Drrfr, '[DrrlDfir [jJ([!j8; liIG[Dm' 6Tm.f!)J fL~fr~m{D ~{i;1fj8; a-.~Gw 6YV#i{!jrrlilUJ, fiJ([!juurrlilUl ul)LbGlurr([!jmm rE~a;w fL~n-~rDn-a;w. [DW~ [jJ:fljUJ#i@iWLb tSI[D:LuSJn-a;W/~LD a;LQjmm8; a;fT~ (!::pUj-UJrr _n__ .,"'b. , "'lJIL_LJT~ \..il6l.J.f!)J 6TffiJ@jI"gUfTUJa;a;fT~ (!::PUj-ILJW! ~~W rEGUJ, G'Iumr~Lb JEGUJ, ~.f!)J ufJ UfLb JEGUJ,~ .f!)JQJW1LbrEGUl,
eo

47 ~l.S/-UfLm :fljWWfTUj- [DL8;@jLb 6lJGUJfT@a;WJLb rEClUJ, {jJt.,rrmw#i ~Uj-U4Lm a;LbU'l)wfT a-.£liL8;@jLb [jJmm@JW1Lb [EGUJ.'l @([!jUUm6lJ 6T6iJGUfTLb [EGUJ. ~tb4:fljWfTrn, 6lJrr@Lb a;LQj~fT~UJ rEClUJ[jJ$:fljU tSll)u8a:#ii)6iJ 9Cll) fL~mWU G'lUfT([!jW • . 9([!j i)mr; 8;®U tSlwrnfT6iJ 6T~Cla;fT 6lJfT~~W[D, ustrtttr ~LD 9([!jaurr~w a;rT~ (!JJUj-UJfT:flj UI)LDUmr;8; a;LQjm~U U rb[!51 UJ a;([!j#iil ~([!j{i;~ fi)${!j8; a;®dJ~ UUlffiJa;fJustt a; (!:PI)~ U LUj-([!j U U~ ClUtr 6iJ U GU([!j8;@jLb G 1fjfTIDfir [DGUfT b. L 4Gl)rT~{!jn-8'/]~rT, [DrTLb~6lJfra;mmu tSlWUtb{l5l, ~6lJfre;w G'la:fT6iJ 6lJm:flj8; Ga;L@, ~6lJn- a;w [DW8;@j8;a;rrL(f}1Lb 6lJy5JuSJ6iJ [DL${!jrrGiJ [DrrLb [jJ[DJi;:flj tSI[D@j a;LrQljrnm a£li([!j8;@jCl[Dfr a;fT~U:fljtb@jrf)Ul ~wwi)a= flLmLdJ {!jC!]j6lJfTn-a;mrTLb! G'la:rrn-8;a;~ .g;rnmu utbr6JUJ a;([!j#i~8;.g;W ~rnrn#i~Lb 4c;l)rT&i1:fljn-.g;W/m G'lUfT([!jm{b[D Q{!jrTySlGiJ(!::pm{DuSiw §iJ.f!)J :L([!jLDrrtb{D~.g;c;~ 1fj@l1) G6lJG'I[Dmm? ~6lJtbr6Jtb@j [jJ{i;{!j tf1 fr 8;@j~ 8; a;([!j#i~ ':~l!flrQlj gn-6lJ LDfTm ~ 1fjrTW. ~~ a: fr a= ara;rD"If/ W Ga;rTuSJGiJa;G1f/ Lb fLW r;;rr 4Gr; rr liIfDfra;rD"If/m iJll iJll Q1fjrT!:f!mGU 9y5J#i!D18;e;LUJ--@l®~f!J!D1. Jj)uClUrT ~ @Ji;i)UJrT6'5I6i) ur§a:Lb !&1fjl)rQlj8J[D~. ~mfTGiJ ~~c;a; I!Lwm Ga;rTuSJGiJa;rD"If/GiJ [DrrLmLGUJ 6lJfTffiJ~Lb ~(jffrQlj [Drna;e;Qr 9® fLWmm. 4c;r;rr~:fljfr.g;Qr [jJ{i;1fj Jilfr'#'@j~'#' a;([!jdJm1fj LD8;a;W/LLb GLJ~rnrTGiJ ~6lJfr.g;m §jJ G'I{!jrry5IGiJc;UrTuJ6UI(f}1Lb. fir~W1Lb fDrrt.b arUJ[Dfjl)ufJ~ r6J, 4c;r;rT ~f!jfr .g;rD"If/m ~iJ8;.g;t.b [jJm-[!51 @{!jrnrn I!LUG{!j8:78;.g;c;6lJOO@W. [EUft.b a;LrQljQr, fDrTWJW .g;LrQljam. UJrTfT UJrrrnl)U urnfJ6lJ~? uurtr UJrrml) 6lJ!:f!U@6lJ ~? a;LrQlj6'IfJw ufJa;rQlj n-{i;f!j Ge;rruSJGiJ UJ.c;6lJ.f!)J UJ rECl
1. d;IilJW Givd;tf i;IilJW LjLDlTrnm5i i;QJW (:!IjLDITIJtL{b IilJIT (:!IjLDfftf I i;QJW ~fr(J(;ill1T fljmr(]Lrn 1ilJ~m5i tblilJW [grrCfljff UlilJrnSI m1,jIillC{brr (!jJa;: II -a;(]QJ~6ivIilJ{b1J tLUJffiL{bLD, 4. 3.

f'"'b

e "'"

£.

1. .!PIa,ro/tTUJfWI{bG6.rr LjlilJrnw

@UW @/-JW UIJ~@(]Uff UM,ill I !OJ6.6Tu{b{brT orutTlilJM,{brr{iwrr d;LDIT@UW @UW UI/ $I ®(]UIT u~,j.!F II -a;L iLUJffiL{bW, 2. 2. 9.
UfJ@)~(]LJT

48 Ga;fTu5J~a;fmfiiTf(]ll1rr, 8'lm,iINJirnGYT<]UJfT,Lf6"6fl~.fPITGiJ8immGlUrr @)yS1U@6lJfm~~L 8L~61)W QI~U@@)(]~ !ilroUUITW/lJ/. 'Vm iI~iT (ifl{iJtDI~w (yJ(JmrULL 8i(lJj~~.9;a;@!JLm fij®8;~ [DrriTBir,;ir? ~@) fr Gl91}" 'i6}®.9;@j8ififflGiJ ~@~ W W~ a;61flmu fTW!lJliilliT Bim. fEfTriile;(lfiJfT GJr!f1U~(iflIiril[Du1I6U iI [DJi;f!j U6)J W lL61flLIU 6lJir 8j1OTr lOT .f!)J ~6lJ iT r9i6lr ill GJ<'FIT~~rofTiT8ir,;ff. uS/8jQjW !liwV6l)~. ~wrr~ fijrlilGBi(3UJ 8Lt5JBimwGIU @)~U@QUi~~~L lLIUTrt5{!j Qr!fUJw;Uc!p~{D G6lJ.f!)J et J!)I ~®J;8i (iflUJ-UJW?p;rrw m....J5J$mfj'ffUUfTTrBi&ilG/Dm, lLmrfriJG/Draisr, {SriilBiGfiJfT BiLtOl/6Tr 6TmU61lfE ~{!fI&iI(3[Draisr. ~ffv6l)fTmQJ~ ~Gl9(J G@)if)l c$L~W .@wVm~ firm if)l (!p8iWf;iUlit Bi';" GJr!frriiiJ&ilf!JlTtT i61r. BiLCU/W ~6U~fT ~ G6lJ1f)J B lOT ~(3w ~ £i).w~GU fir~!f)l GQJ{!jIT{i;{ljW 5a..f!)J$}[D~. ~Ji;{!j.9; Bi®~fP gufua;@!jw uGUmfJ ~8=.g;..f!)J%f!jrurrw. ~mfTGiJ !iJtD1~iltDI{!j1T Bi {B1iiJ8jW 4rf){6~ Qa;rritrGfl iTa;w. QJrr@w 8iLQj6ir lLliiJc$@5w ~(!Jj.j;~/DfTfr. ~rn"fTw {EfiJa;w r!fIT8:8Tc9immUjW (]a;rru5JW8i61)wfL/W e9iLI.SJ.-BiG'/8irrmrlJi uGU 8iiDU6IfJWU U11D[iJ!D.ua;~w (lju){51J;G)a;IT6W@ j1rfiiJp5fr 8iW. w~{!j m...LiDU16iJ lfLwm wGlSflth ~~l/)IT 9mG/D Q/ySI uL~f!jBir!l> r!l>Lil/W.6TviJrorr li5}61JffiI@jr!l>@!Jw8i:t.L.8i Ga;rru1lQj Bi(]W, ~lilITfT6iJ w6If)$ljGw @QJ{iJJl)JW W1Bi8= iI[D{i;1!}6lJm. 8i LUJ-LriiJ o$@5w {!j rr S!LD 8i rr 6iJ(3 u tt ~ (30$ m& ,iun ~ 6ir waf1{!jGw U/ro{i;{D6lJw. ~{ijfljBi (llbfTu1JOi"6lo;iJ (ifm~rr6V QJySlUL (iflUJ-IU~GiJmQ) Iin;irr[DrrGiJ LDiDf!J (]a;fTu1Io;U8iwrrru fir~c!k@j

49
~~(]6lJ Qr!fIU6U(!j)m£08;@j 6JiD!D iI{IJ~t!) Qlt61urr@. GlBirrro-~BiCT.~8;C:r!1irr ~r!1iriilSir.e8;Ga;fT @ffiI(t!J.!f r!fdJ.f!)Jt.b

au ~w

o;w

.@iP1

@LwlOiiJmGU. fiTrill£OfT§Ww {i;fP UtOlJ~IJU ulU(!j).f!)J~~~!Dfffi· r!frf/ tu ruGU 6T W jJJJ ~QI rTBiW or....!f)l fiJ {DfT a;w. fiTrliKJa;fT iT 9® Q8'fTlT 8;a;ii~ru @(!Jj.9;(t!Jw a;L~W 9®6lJrT, {ljrrGw CT.L6lJW f>fro.f!)J UlmfiLGWfT 8ii.{!5JUl16fTBi% ffiJBim (ifluurrLL. 16 mfTITBiW GlJfT6i.lGlSi GIl~~ umy>1U G'iBifTWmr!1iSimwGUJ

~ GIlITa;r;;ir 8i:t.{!5l fillC!Jj i1 itBi £OIT oM $f!j.9; BiITrow (ifl#j GiJ tJjWuSlLW Q CT.rrWmr!1iBiW WL...@Gw &.J;;1rwm. ~GIlfr c$~8;@j @~#jfTm Gl8'UJo;U(y)GIDfD, ~w~ a;®iifb/8;r9iW Q8'UJ6U (!pm{DBi@ju G'/urr(!JjtEfhfTfbfbrrw! 9~G'/6lJIT(l!jQJ(!Jjw {ljw8iGr!1idJ£O §l® UfTm~mlU ~mw~~J;GJ8irrww G6lJoo(Jjlw fiTm!f)J rJ6lJifjrr!il{!)w r!fn.!J)JQJ g! ...I;;~TrnL.DGUJ. ~ 1ilIT1T6iJ UfTmt!)GIU /!Jl ,;uL._8?I Ulwrr sur /!Jl. G;)r!fTrT8; a; i>~ru I ~(!!j8;@jW BiL61frnw Gllt61u(Jjl6lJ/!Jl 6TWUGlf!jQlGUITW fhrDll!DruGU. ~~m;iJ ~mQJ tL~mLDmIU GtDrr,juU GJ8'o;U~Lb U~CT.rJ,,", {!j@lfJ, ~61flQJGIU lfL..m61flLD~r!1ifT /!Jl. ~rnQJ £!)wrumQJ, u51,g;~w ~1Pr!1ilTmm6lJ; .M6lJ{D.J!)Jw ~{iJ4f!jwrrm a;(!!j~/!JlJ;a;~w tLWtiitTm. ~~rr6iJ (]6lJ1Drr$~w ~G;)QJm:!§ UIi/-u5JiWw, '{lj~urr, ~#Ul (iflli/-lJ..lfT {DrDlIfr;um.[!)l fB 6lJy5)u@uGlJrnfJGUJ [8GlIUW.f!)J tDfT~ GllySlu(JjI 5JG{D~ . .dMt61UJ (l:Pl.lI-ll..HT{D6lJfJfTr!1i UlfTml] tB filIy51u@~fDrralUfT, IUfTmlJ @!5:$ m...GUCT.W (l:P@rDlI$liWw (]{!j(Jjl~{DITGIUIT .,m6lJrT 6T~.f!)JW m...ro§)j.-irGG1TGUJ lfL6lrWmt. ~6lJfrfYJ<GlJGw $ Q}rrYJ 8iJ£OrrtU. (j)~{!) m...6lJa;~@tO!T@mGlJlLlrrm r!ffTLiil ~6lJrJ'f. ILIfT61l(J .@6iJmGU

rn- .

k{ C:8irru1l6l5l~w

8iL~mfiiTf (ljrrm gu;mrT~ill tD o$~LD, ~GiJQQJfT(!Jj LD~{!j~5J.llW .g;L~~m8; a;~@ (!PW {ljrrw QJfiWriiJ~ {ffitb&1W!D ~'lIjj;'5Bi Bi..m(]W, {ljrrw fljlirilmuSJroI(!]j$/lJi G"E)(Elu(pbiKl{IJw. 6TW61fl1illT BiLUJ-ILImw 8; u ti>1DriilCT.W6To;UGUITW@JGU@jilm!D6'6I'. (ljITW a;{!jti>iJfJb5T'1T; a
tUMW

~rumQ),
"£!)fTW"

~GlJm

@~15

~{!jdJ@jW rJwrufT CT..firm!f)JW firrou@ru IUrrtT 6TLJCturrjplW lJ..,..W(;fmrJlJfT

~ilG!Dw.

~QJrT ·~®uu1fjrrGGUGUJ @tB1fjU t5JfJuc8a:Lb &mGU~i1(!]j8; i1{!J~. t5JiJUl88'~@ro 6lJ1T!pil/W ~WlUJLb ~6lJa(J. @~fh "(ljITW" lQ_WW)LW @6iJGlJfT~L...LfTGU iLWlilITfTGU @;rf)UJmm8; BifTfiW (!Pli/-lUfT ~, 6TrurufT W @(!!jOOLiJlTa;GQj

50 l!LGU6l!)d>8; mr B;![DrrtiJ.' a;rr


.g;rr~uu(Elw. ~6lJfr 9.rr1rt6lJt5rr6Ut5rr~

51

!E

@ti>t5

Glurr 4J)¥il1rr.g; @ffiJ® 9® OJ!.J =~6l!)~ 6T@UUUU@~!D4J). 8 ~{Drrw4J) @m~QUJ6lJQ)rrw uS/a;u QurfJUJ r$~L/JiltiJ(!!J w!lJ08irr5JHw 6rtWuaflj ~§JJ. 'Wrrw a;Lfiil/W. !bifID Qa:uJQI G{DiU;;urrw, {iJrnm-UuGlfljGU6UrrW WWiWlWGUJ. wGlmofliU aii_iilJfi17 fjimLD GlIFtU6lJrrtpr?' 6TW.!J)J{Drrw S1ruGiwrr@6lJ®w fiTooGmGUrrw. fii]UUI.lI-/J flj6lJ{Drra;u GlUfT@wG)a;fTw@!jw o::£!)IurrUJw {i/®UUt5fTa;06lJ m6lJ~§JJ8; Qa;m;,,(l(;lJfTW. ~m-fT6tJ W.f1)J· u8;8>j,ilf!o ®(]t5 ~umLJw .@tiUm;;uGlUJro @e¢a;8i (!fi ~ lLf UJ nr ~ 6lJ fr lIi W ~t5J a;.rr1 ~ ®{h§JJ 6lJ.!J)J LL., U GltfFrrrt .i,a;iJ@6tJ {i/([5J>!ilW{D ~® lIiL.fiil/iWlW W!IJU@ !iI/Drrrta;w. ~WrflLW UIUUU(£J~{DfTrrBiW. @'ollltq;W UUJj, {D@ffiIfilUJ W~~"f1Gw t.5I/D8>!ilfDrrrra;w. 6lJrrlP.$6l!)Bi Q:P~~t1J {D@!iJB;!8;GlBirrGiM(k_ @@8;B;!wrrrrBiW. ~f!j6ITIT6U {i}fi;fb. ~.J.'Uq;L.b Glurflt51f a; c!:pw(]6lfrt6/651LLt5rr? tfF@)mT8; BiLfiil/mWU 4rfl!5~GlBirroo@ ru~u(£Ju6lJrrq;w S1(!!ju.9;a;w, {ilrra;@)~a; BiL~mWU 4rflt5$P1Qa;rrmr(£J ruffiJu(£Juwrra;w wtbGlfDrrQ!j u.9ia;I..b-fir~~U U8;Bij,i/.u :LvuB;!w wGr9ifT'*rro 1DUJrr6lfr Qo!FUJ6lJfiflfPT ;oirr riiJ@t5{D~rt? a fiT!5flju U8;a;j,i)6iJ wrrGlu®w Gla:lU~17rr a;@!JWwrrGlU(!!jt.D ~@8;a; i1QJrr lIi@jW 1iJ®!5:f!jwrt? {iI.i=<!FUJwrra;rKJrt.$@Gm8> a;L.fiil/mw filly5JU(£JW U8;8>W{Drr~. ~8=<!Fj,"fT6iJ {Ei)G'lpjpSJ W67T®t.D fiTWJ!)J fifUU~ fiT@rrurrfr8;a; c!:p1lI-lL/W? ~~ ~(!!/JUfT §JJW c!:p~UJfT~. '~(!!jruw wtbQfDfT(!!)QJ6ln~U ufTrruu/B, 5K!!J6lJW W!DQWrr® Q}f!)J8;®j, 4J)6MUtb Q<!FtlJQ}~ @6l!)6lJ ~m6lfr~/91w WfTmUJ, ClQl,fJ)/ ~®6lJrr @(!!jUUiWl{D8; <lifTmTfTWwU, G6lJJ!)J fl(!!)6lJ@9; @W S 1iu@5 Q tfFtiJ IU tt UJ ro et 6U QJ fT(] W ~ Gig W tt 6lJtt fiI

rrfirJllJ . Birr6W U §JJ? UJrrm!.J IlHT rt # ~mrfr6lJ~?'l6TGUQ)rrt1J ~Qla!J, ~a{D(lQlfirJlwu.JIru ;;-n;OGUrrw rnrrGro. ~mWfT 4~f[JW ~rnL.ti>§JJ65ILL.§JJ. ~UaUfT~, ~uGUfT §JJ WL@aLD ~fTW ~6ifrLf fiT~iDrrtiU ;;rwm ;;r6ifrurntf,u LfrflIh§JJGla;fTwm (!JJ~I4LD. ~#tfFj,1fjfTro ~W4( )( 6lIIJaQJW"fT§JJ. ~wOJm ~~uurnL.(]UJ Bi-{D$@IJLD1fjfTm-.1
~(];lt.bClurr $PI UJfflT
(1J

f9rrw

~GiM6IDLDuSiaQ)aUJ

Q f[JfT L.r!iJ@jw(]urr4J)thrrm

@~{D ~61Ja;ii6ll)~ a:G a;fT{DIJ.j./916lJt1J

(]~m#.a;.j. et m

fDtt ru

;;rW6lfr, LD~{D@561JLiJfirmui!jJ 6T~m

;;rWU6lIl{DG'lUJrorumD

c:

~mro

Q{hffl~4J) Qa;m;irw cYJIlI-IlJW; ~{h!b@5 QjJwuwru. fiTrorJQI @tt8;@j~8; Gla;fTm6ll)a; UlUliu8>!JLDfT6lfr~6ll)LD t6)6b !LVUalBi ~1P~@~(£Jw +lTW!f).J 8D...!f)IQJ4J)a:&UJrulOlJ. iF@6mlT8ia;L.QjwGJr9irrwme;UlfTru WL(PW ~rnwe;w 6JtDUL. 6l1lilJ iWlruU..Jff? ~ §JJ OJrf/651firJlm 6lJ rr ~.j. iWl1fj l!L00 L.rr 8;0$ 6l1l6bvwHiUUJfT? ~{hmrrfirJ ~Qlfr a;m {hliua;~#.(!!jm ~UJ-j,ifJJ,j; G'!a;rr.w(Sl, W6WmLrnUJ ~mL.~~8;Gle;fTGIi!rr@ ~rua;w c!:p@fi1Jm'lillJw "~{fJ8; BiLGUrr#.o$6l1lrum9lJUJrr?'6T6M §JJa;L.Qjw 1fjfTW Qurf7UJQlIT. @mf[JU OurrfrQPmrou516i.l SITwrr~~§JJ#. G'18>rrw(lilJrrw '-@@(]QI ~iWlQJ{fJ8; Qq;mmrn8>UJrrro :Lru8il.b C!:P@QlitiWw 6JtDULL 651rnG1T6lJ. fi'I{h{D8; @5!f)1S;;UJ lfPla;;;yfJ Q .-6l®~~ QQI.rr1ClUJ 6lJrrC!!fti8i@", ua;~w Ul}"~{h GlQJ~8= a:j,iltD® rurr(!!jr!iJBim, fiT~ruUJtD!D ~66r/.1)rr ~t6IlU @jljl q,;;yfJ6iJ QlIT!P$§JJ @®uil a;rr~ &JUJ-lLIwrr? ~1ii1fJlL/GI)8i)[b@) ilJrr®r!iJa;w. ~$1fjU UllJu~a:.j.$Jru ~m-GlT ~fWlW~ifJJLD ~a;@!JrnLUJGth. fWle;a;6ll)GlT JELUJ- ~1fjm6lfr ~firJlliim" ~~a; G'JBirrw I€!JjIkla;w. er uCJu tt {fJfTQi§JJ u'-11- gufua;I€!Jj8;@5 G'!<!FuJUJ.$];fbfTW J!)JWfTWfTaV iEliua;r,;1r BiLGl/firJlW ~~fr{i;4J) ( 6l1lL..LVr 9;W.

~u

1. 5!ut.5l(bi&: t.5I®~~f.TifuUJa; u.J/K"-tliw 7.24. 1

'fiT6UfWlGUUJ!DflJ, l!..l..J!tlL.~UJ, 4. S. 15; 2.4. 14. & <!Frr{iC1{DfT8;IiJUJ

QU(!!JiWlLlJLiil8i8>,

iJfDuurrw

fiJ~1fj

~murrfib OJI}"U(,§IFC81.DGJUfTliu&ilu GuC!Jj~U u!J6ljilJ~ GlJm!.J Glt5tDB;!iWW 6lJL.8;S;;iWW $}~#.&iliWw GW[b&iliWw

52
b61~~iJllW
LD~~:WW ~W/IJ/
~~Tl~

53
G)QJ61rW~~~U (Jurr~ fD~U(JUfTw. JDi4-LJL/U t.5ia=ma:8;8)rr'lmWILjr.b l!L'iffimLDu5J(lwGIU G~®~oU t.5J#ma=Glru(f;1e;@JW t51#m.!F8; 8)rTlJm~lLjw &uOIL@ GQJ!f)Jurr@s;mfiifra; a;rr~tilJ8im. 5!®GQJmGYr @®6lJ(f!jw UmTmGlJ.4® ~w jJ)Jaurr~ ::tirr.mJ(f!jU ua« 8iW. Cu,j:,g;. 6lJmTrj,ml2ia;~w fiJW!f)JGUrTru(]GlJ I!LW61TW. ~fiifrrriWln ~j;~rnm GQJ.J!)Jurr@! 9(f!jQJW OI,j:mJ Gr@uufJ~tyJ(it)W ~m$~~m~ ~Wlu~a.5J{Drrw, LDJi; Gl{DfT(f!jQJW /IJ/WU(!jJW !!;1U1IJ(yJW ~~L!il!DfTW. Gr.fPJ@~J2j C6lJ!f)JurrL6mL ~{bu@rj,~~{D~? 9(f!jQJW arfli~illJw, W!D!DQJW aiL@"L6lJW. fh~ lOlJ.f!)Jmw I!LGibTmwIUWGU, ~rrw ~rrL.g;i;@{b.g;rr.g;~ ~rfli>:fd"'"~ CQJLW~!!;1 bTWum:{b IDUi--.$w lLbIm"frrt@®Ji$)!Drrw. ~~mLDU t.5IcFrnc!F8;.$rrIJG~rr flirrw ~C!!>r.btJ)bIfT"fT ~w Gl1i(f!jLnurrGl1i LLrT i).llW t.5IcF~.!FGlIU@U ua{lj flib6T.{gJrffIm(it), fbrrw tJ),j:mc!FGl 1U(f;lrj,G{!j ~IJ (]rumr@th

ulTuJ.J8:twrrfr 6T6lr!f)J ~(!!jW 4~fb"/IJ/ ~tDGlf~IJu5lw u®i) :uiiJa;m- ~rnWQj8;@j 6)J(!!j$){Dfbrr? ~~::b iL~~r/rcFiI G)a;fTw@5WaurrGi5 {Cr!iJa;m lL,*,~WUJfTW WmJfbfr. @!Afbu t.5JIJUe§c!FW (ylc!:p1OlJ /IJ/w iLtE [!51 ;j; :;!lim-<f!5 ffiJ a; w . QJ~[b.g;rr .g;,j: s{Frr {bfTIJfiW 5KfJjr;;ua". ~ {iJu s&6l!JIUJr!iJ.g;rn~ bHjiJ~ QlUJ!DtD &W rm{DU Gl U !f)J ~Ii'tjtUJr!iJa;~m @JL._@651@r!iJ.g;r;/rr.

GUlJrrw~fbrj,mtEU QU!J)J6lJ{!J[bClirrCli @~{bcF filaflUJ @6irrUrliJCIi~~ 'i6lL._@G6I(£Ir5Jr!bW. ~GlJQlrrGw ~CIi@!jrmL UJGIflQl, ~GlOT6lIfJGlJ (EirtJi®bW"W brWU:fd .!F®~rj,mfJlLfl.b l2iW~W ~L8;~UJG~. CliLGlJ6Yr .!F®~Wrrffi~j{T, ~Gfb(6)JrQf)muSJ6iJ t61fr8;@6W ustr CliQJ @(f!j8;~ {DfTlt . et oVrm{jt)UJ{b[D, rffJ fr 8;® ~ ustt m ill 4®~a6"5T wW'J:;!li6"5TfT a;rj, (]tEfT6irr !f)J~!DfHi~r. bTGlJmGUUltD{D ~rTl.b /DWrnLllaUJ fi/!J)J5IJ1)J 6TGlJ~6Ua;~8;®Qr aiL._@Uu@rj, i)UJ/IJ/ (JUfTiJJjWfiff.:fd. bTGlJrnGUUJtDtD1®uU(]fb JDLD~ lL.m-rmw ( @ruruLJ bTYiMfiJ[D/IJ/(J1OlJ:;!lirr~~w. ~~ i !]@ilufT/IJ/w LDR>[DQJ il6iJrnru, 6TmQ{lJm!J)JW Jffirnrurj,@@.$@jW. {Drrw {DLD/IJ/ mLDffiJa>WIT6lJ !5wmw.$ CliL..@UU@~@.$ Gl8irrm-!i)GflJrrw. 8>(!;f!iJmi'Di artbtD1.$.g;~ru c!FfiufiJ~aurr6iJ fiJ~:lJ8; 8>frww !5wmw @@iJ66lJfi;/IJ/ 6T6iJmG1)8;@j ILLU@rj,@u1I®8;~flJ.16J. c!F®$),"",mUJ fLrnLi;,o bTtDJtt~ 8TtEti>iJ(TlJrT®riuCliGir. {ilUJi/ r!bm61f 6TGlJ6Urrr.b uiiJ8>W a;fT6iJa;m16iirflif/L@ uSJ@lLfriiJe;m. LDmJfb @ru6iJt.5J6iJ 6T{!j{b (ffiUliJlLfw ~GUmG1), Wl1!iJ14W @6lJ6lI>6U, mlmbfTlLfw _@GiJm6U. ~GUmG1)ru!bPJ15dJ(~ bTuul!f- §!® rfiruiJ @®a;a; Q:PUi--lLfw? &~ttillJ"w bTWU/IJ/ ~{ljm tyJ6UW!i>i)IJW. &~~®fJW bTWUf[)J~::bro fi}1U6lJ4. ~1f>m Ul[DUL/ff)6tflLD. (yJfbfi6}6iJ &{Dfl,@lJlJfTa; @(f!jriuaiw. Ul6iirwtt et rj,l2i~6U fb~rj,i91€l.Ir@,fF,6lI>m (6)J~@LDfT6UrriWW ~a;w ~(!!Juuw aurrw mQJ~!pe; Qg,fTb1r(~!!>,5Ja;Qr.t.5JW6'6T1T JDrrw GwrnLu5IGU G{Drrm-{!5I tS/J:rQf)a:&a;rrlJw a~L~j", ~~~W JDUi--aim6"5TU

® Ul ~

bTWJ1)J bT~~~{Drrw. @!!;1l2ifTW {ffiUl@. JDW~ lLmrmLD m u ~ pSJ IU rrl2i.tMrOlJ b'O'lIJ , ~ UJ {b m g, cF c!F @ ai blr 8;

'fj>QJGlrOlJW fDrr iJlI W (ljJwWl wt.5JwWl rr ~mGlJB;a;if/a;8>uf UL(£I fiJlU~.$u1I~Wfiff bTru(it)/TQJ{iJtD1!b«!!jW ~l1J-mwaimrra; @(!9B;@jW Ui#rnc!Fa.a;mJrtg,(]w (1)/Tw. 8!_~~ Cru~T1.iI-. (1)rrw I!LQla;Lb (!jJ@6lJ!!;1w ait!i!f)J~a[DfTW, iL{DG6I fiJ6tflLUu@6iJm61J. a;tbumma. .!hLrOl/WairmW arnrr<i>1i/ ~@~G!DfTW, i!Lfb~ ~L@QJ/ilrum6U. -=='{I,wrr~w i!L{DG6IQJ®W GrGirr.J!)JDwOI.4m.!h J 14LW @C!!>8;~G{DfTt.b. {iJUUi4-8> .!h:'fj{!51 ~C!:£Xill.tMt.b !5 t..11J; 9;rr i>@('!JUU~LDfT 8) fjJ® QJrTwa.ma; QP@6lJ~W sf] t;jfflfTliJ[D.{gJ. (oi)(!"" f1\fT1 aith G8ifTLlrr68iJ mrnLGUJDJ5J!!JJ&. c5l)1 ~ 9i-fb~@lJlJrr8) @®rliJ,fF,",". u.JfTrfJLuSI®!i>~r.b OiTmfhlLfw et iJfrUlTfr 8;.g;rr~fr a;~. ru"fua;w a;4l2ia;rrGlJ Gllrrwa.ma;mUJ 8: .!F{b!f)J#i ® (f!j r.bt.5I U u rr ITU t..J IT a;GYr tt m tr W, ~ m La; a; tt ofb
F' ?.
-.......=.=---

t
I,
I I

r-

~"I;;I"'""""

r=

__

&.t!i~rnUJu i.5I!DrflLW 6T@frUfTfr~~ ~wrr~:f!jiPl &.tilJa;m JK!rmb6TG5!dJ(~QJ(!!jW. QJ~fb i1L:f!j~a;m bTGUGtlfTW gvfi].g;~"," @®~~ QJ~l2iafb. Glc!FIll:f!j GlJIUGilW UGtlmwGlU {EtilJa;w

54

G~UJfitJc!:prn{D

a6llf!irT~f!iW

55 [&'IGiI){!Jffi1!i, J8'd>{ba;fTblJU k:h.9;a;w {ffIGiI)!Dd>~, QJ~~ Q ~/tJ} U y,i~$w u{!Jffi!PI iJrfI/LfW ~muu GU(!!jfil)$WfTliJ GfiI@~{D~. f91J a;WfTa;<i; aifTL8:1 ~6'ffIi;1!i ~G1!i au,va;w GJcmrt.9;ai guS) UJfTa;4 a;rrL8:1 ~6'ffI.9;!iJ{D~, a;L@~L~rta;@!j4®@~ a;@w §'J.jilI)QJGiI)~4 <Tn.LW, 8i1!id>@l)wrrmQJrt8i~4Ga;rr @tpJ Gw !f)JGfil1!iWfT a;4 a;fTL@ ~6'ffI4!iJ {D!PI. @ffi1!i QJfT ma;GUJ Ull)ur§a= wfTW4Q)8i. Gla=rrrt.9;a;(!j)w w[iJ{!J @LJiiJ a;~w @ffiJGa;GUl ILmwm. wW/1!irta;6'ffIm OIIJ@t.5/wuffiJ aim rrm G~wrt a;~w @ffiJGa;GUl ILWW6lIT rt. G1!iW rt a;w 1!iffiJ aiGil)SfT Gu fTm!f)J w6"5fI1!im6llT umL8;a;fiBI~mfil), u u WfT{Drr8i wmJ1!iG6lIT G1!iQJrtaiGil)6YTU umLfij1!ifT~. 'YJ~ ~#.g;.4a;riff @ffiJG8iGUJ ILw6YTm. @G1!ifT @ffi@f]'~, @Gfbrr QJ(!!j~6isT; 011)U <88'~ @ ~ G1D rt a;riff ~ m 6lIT QJ(!!j W @ffiJGaiGUl eu l!Lmwmrt. [DfTaW [DW!PI {fJa;r;;Ua;6YTfT~QJfr a;m6YT GlQJ6'ffIu 8i u@fij@Gmrrw.{5fTGw @d>1!ij, G1!i~fre;6'ffIm (y)fiIJ ~c!F8r4a;riff. f9fTGW ILOOQ)WUlfTmwrt a;riff . 'illy5lUL G~~ l1I-UJ ~GI) G{bwrt 8iriff [fJrrGw.

Glu !J)J~!Dfr 8iw. ~ eatt i,J2/liJ w[iJ{!J~rt 8i6lf}L.LLS1®fi;~ ILfb6VJmUJ "'"@rtUrTfr8;~{Drt8iW! fiT~m 6VJGmrTfbw! Umr8;8irrv~~ ~L@ (!j)[iJ{!J~@6iJ fiTuGurr~w u~rt <Tn.lq{i}®uurrrt8iw. {CffiJ8i61r i~GIJfI.j~u UrTrtj,fbrr6iJ ~~rt8iW 8 5!GI) LD~~rt8iW .@6iJmru fiTmu~GlfbIf)ILfW, ~t!fbu umr 8;8irrl)~L.LJ5/®fi;~ fJ fbrr QJ~ ~ G!f) L8;~W et ~ .JI)J J/ QJrt8iW {5W Ulu1l (!!j 8; 6J{!Jrrrt8iw. ~QJfr8i@8;® fiT/tiIQJW ~~Luu@6iJm~.
.@UULfl-GILI [DW~ ~rrW8;~8i'4W QJrrW[DfTGlw6iJ~rrw fiT@rtUfTfrj,~, fiT@rturrrtj,~, fiTiJrturrrtj,~ (!j)liI-6VJ6iJrurr~ ","@rturrrtj,fbfil5)GruGILI 8iy5lfi;~~@~ {!J~. "'"@rturrrtuum~ ~L@~@ ","~6J{!J~ GQJfbfTfi;fbw. {C fJ~ fiT@frUfTfr8;~!Drrli.t? ILma.® ","6iJ~fTW ~(!!j.9;~!D~; .@6iJm~u1l6iJQ)~, {EGUJ fiT6iJ~rrwrr 8i ~(!!j.9;~!Drrli.t. UI~ fiTmfb tC fiT@rturrrt .9;$){!JfTUJ?~uj,iJUJw Ull4-j,fb ~v a=~ ~(!!jQJ~ fbm~ [DfTLl1I-~ ~f]'a=mmGUJ GfbLq-j, @rfI[i> ~rrmrrw! ~6lJmfT6iJ ","w{DfTQJ~ ~f]'.g:Q)m.9; 8i~@Ull1I-.9;8i (!pLq-UJwrr? (yltq....lLlrr~. fJGlm~6iJ ~QJGm ~~ruwrr ~d>~ ~I) a=~! [DfTLLfl-i,)JIWW {58il)ffiGfbfT.!f)JW 6Jl)fTwfi;G~rr.!f)Jw ~(JjJG{brr.!f)Jw J/QJW G~L~fTW, ~@/tJ} 4~wu~rrw, ~ esttr ~w ~QJmfT6iJ ~I) .g:mm.9; 8i~@t.5/LfI-.9;8i (!j)Lfl-UJrr~. fJGlm~6iJ ~QJm{brrGm ~ffi~ J/f]'.g:~! [DfT(!j)w (!j)LLfTW ~mLDfT8i.9; 8iLQJm~j, G{bLfl- ~mQ)QJm{b ~L@~L@ (5fTGw 8iLQJW ","~u~fb J/!!fJUJ GQJmr@w. [DfTGw 8iLQJW fiT~!D iLGffimwmUJ iLmr®wGUfT ~ LD~W'#RILfW tEJGiI){DQJW ~mL!iJG{!JfTW. ~UULfl-U muj,@UJ.9;8ifTl) .j~mLDrr 8i.j G~LfI~mfilJQJm~ 6VJL@~L@ gi_~8iLDrr~UJ [DrrL8i GLDmLu1l6iJ gJ_ffiJ8iW uffiJm8i WL@W fJ[iJ.!f)J {5Lf1-ILfffiJ8iw. • [fJfTW 8irr~w a;rrL~ (!j)@QJ/tJ}W wrrp5JGfilLL/tJl. @ d> l!LfilJa;w ~® @ I) d>~1)LDfTm ~ m {Dc!F8' Gil)filJUJ ~ tt tt 8i [j)6iJfilJrrw6iJ §'J!Dfi;~ GfilmWUJrrL@ mWfbfTmWfT~GfilLL~. GUfTLLfl-lLIW Glurr{DrrmLDa;@!jW 9ffld>~, GUf]'fTmfi;fbw

w.9;

@/tJlGw GQJ{brrd>1!ij,@w a;(!!jj,/tJ/. @~Gw ~1!im GJa=UJ6lJ(!j)m{D.8i1!id>@l)rta;v;rrfT6lITtpJ mu~ilUJ W OJ Lfl-j,/tJ/ U Gurrli.t 8'(!JJ1!ifTUJfijm{bILflj{6lfiBlL(£i4 8irrLLfl-tb~ ~Lfl-4 ®ma; a;6'ffI6lJ fTwd>/tJ/ gJ_u1lml)fiBlL G~ooLfl-UJ ~~~UJw ~ @rumfilJ. {DmiJ· fiTffiJGa; @(!!jd>GfljrrGWfT ~ffiJGa;GUJ @(I!;UGUfTLD. ~Wa!D ~~!f)J: fiTr;;UfilJfTQJ[iJm{!JlLJw [DW® 4rf1d>/tJ/Gla;fTw GQJrrw, ~GiJQJwQJ~rrw. ~Gflj !KIa;wJ::@a;w GJfljfTL(I!;W; ~mrrru ~mQJ 4iJUJ GlufT(!!jmv;rri; {h(!!jw. @d>1!i ILfiI)me; [DfTW .@w~w ~(6IUJGfilrumfil). 8i~ffiilf]'rt a;v;rrrr(!!jwGurr fPJ 1!ifTW ~/tJ} fiT~m 6TWum.p:, ~{DId>fPJ Gle;fTirrGQJrrw; ~{b~ ILOOQ)W @UJruQ)Uj, GJ1!irflffifPJGla;rrWa~fTW. fiBliJ, !KIUJiJ, Gfilmm 6TWU G'l1!i6lJlOIJrrw [DLDfPJ @lU6lJU1~ uS)a;# 8:1!f)J u(!!j@GUJ fiTwum1!i ~uGUfT~ a;rr~Gurrw. @fPJ ~(!!j u.9;a;w, wrb{!J u4a;j,@ru fiTuGurr fPJw .g;.~d>i)I)W fi](!!jd>G{b

56
Q/!Eth~· {DrTLD ~rnth ~{l5IUJ6l1J6"iJrn~. thWfT6"iJthfTW, ~V ~thU ~ ULL (yJUJ6"iJhrnVil5l6"iJ (YJ~rn~u t 4~~/J~8> GJa;m;irQ/~ G U fT6"iJ [iJ ~ ui u5/bI5/ ®!E~ 6l1J@u @Q/thdJa;rrmGJQ/ {iJ.!J)J (!JJUJdJ fiI a; Vi1fJ R'@u@&lG{Drrw. 6"iJ to rr rn UJu1I W a;fTV mT wrrw {Dw~ tLmr~w !ffirnrurnUJ w!fJ8>a; (!pUJvO&I(J{Drrw, ~~ c!p~UJ6l1J6"iJrn~. ~~ 6TUGUfT~W {DwrnW8> a;,_65/ UJrny;;~~8i G'la;rrooGL ~®8i&l!fJ~. a;L6ljrnmlLjw G~Q/fr a;rnGYTllJw {Drrw (Jth~IUGurr~w 4{D# 8i-~$i1fJ~~{!j {Drr~ CUfT ~W fLoornwu1l6iJ {Dw~ tLoornw ~lUfiiJmuGUJ G~~Gm-fTW. {DfTW ~!Eth8i @jfJrnru/J {!jQJ{DfT; 6T@~~8> a GJa;rrooGLfTW. ~$th#' @jV6lJ G'I[D®utSlbl5/®Ji;(J{!jrr (JthQ[· ~LuSJ®p;GthfT (t!jIflUJw, CF!Eilvw ~6"iJru~ {DLCF/Ji!,piila;w (J Urr m!D ru dJ {l5I bI5/ ® p;(J {!j fT QJ ® esthfT a; 6T00 rmf1 G w tt W. ~.f!).Jilu5/6U ~mQJ [Dw(yJwVi1fJ®!EG~ 611Jb~W 6Twum~~ GJ~rfJJi;~ Qa;rrmrGLfTw. (!p11J-~6Ururr {!} 8i-{!}diilv /Jrn{buudJpS/ ~bI5/{b~#' GJa;rrmr~®8;8iIW!D c!p~~6"iJrurr th ~I5fb8J @jVvO [Dwc!pwGmGUJ tLW<irT~. ~fbw €I.{!jw 6TW.!J)J(JW ~615/~~8> GJa;rrmr~®8>&I!fJ~. ~!5~ ~mw €I.~{bi1w ~® u@jil ~£5{!}U gu51UJrra;,[ffiUJilUJrra;, UlVUc§iFWrra; ~8iI'4wm~. 6T~~W ~~ 6TW.!J)JW{Dwthrra;GQJ ~®P;{!j~. {DW(!pmLUJ {brra;(Jru 6TW.!J)JW@®8J@jW. (JQ/~rr!E~~iJw @j{!518>(Ja;rrmGYT ~® rurrrr /Jmfbu5J6"iJGJiFrr6"iJruGQ/oo@wrrrnrr6U w~{!jmw fLWGYT fLW<irTU~ ~[!fi611~ 6TwuGth· Q611fi1f1uuL@ [ffidJ ~ @jW a;L6ljGYTfTilUJ iJ..Jiila;w iF(Ja;fT~V w~~mw 611y$JUL ~ 6iJrnfiV 6TWtDrr6lJ GJruVi1fJ L@/J G{!jrr W!fJfT a;L6lJmm UU ~ 6TUUI1J- 611¢1uL (!jJ~lLJw?-~~{!jfTW Gru~rrp;~{bilw GJiFuJ@. 'a;fT~W lLIiiJa;w a:Ga;fT{bV~LW iJ..Jiila;GYTrrvO ~w4 "'" Qa;fTwm (!JJ~UJrrGJ{!jw{DfT6iJ a;fT~fT {!j a;L6lJVi1fJLw {Sriila;w 6TUU~ ~w4 Qa;rrwGYT (!JJ~w?' 6TW.!J)JmuUlw a;,_.!J)JQJ~ $Irnrnriil[8>@jru®8iI!D{!jrr? LD~flj (yJ8iriila;6'ff16U ~QJm[J,j; a;rrmT

57 (!jJliI-lU~6lJrn~ 6TW{Drr6lJ Gwa;riila;Vi1fJSllw, tLuilVtD!fJ lflLU GJUfT(!!)L_a;mfT6U~rn tL®611riila;v;rf}Sllw, (y)mGYT 4rnrn!5~


a;{bumw8; a;rn~a;61fJ£llw 6TUUl.SI_8J a;fTfiW C!J!~ILjW? ~~ Sll W Quoo 6'5"6fI£ll W {Crfua;w a;LlOlffrnm 8; a;fTv;m ~ Gl~n:.Lriil @jwGufT~~rrw tLriila;m61f w~ fLfiWfr6lJ fLrnLIUQ/W 6TW.f!)J [Drrw G'liFfT6"iJGQJW. ~thW tSlwGu, 'fLW QJOIJ~ a;wrn~@6"iJ d!J.IUJ-~{!jrrvO ~L~ a;wm{brn~llJw a;rrL@' 6Twuthm Qu rr ®mw {Sriil8iitr 4rfJ P;j!jJQ a;rrwGfJ a;itr. w~ ifjmroGUJ, 6Jm, 6T6lJ6l.JfT611 {bm{DlLjw a;L6lJwrr a;u utttt 8;@jWGu rr~~fTm 4b15/ILjWan.L 611vG611tba;~~8;a;~fT@jW. fLriila;w (!JJW {!jp;m~, ifjrrtiJ, {Dmruw, @jy![bm~ 6TW.!J)J U6lJ(J@J.f!)JfL(!!jruriila;61fJfiiJ (J~rrw.!J)Jw fY6lJQ611rr®ru®Lb ~[bth ~y5J611tb{D ~rnI5{bU G'lUfT®mrrw a;L6lJGm. {DW(!JJLm ~G'lfJwUJfT@W {DW~ ~mwrrGru.

rr

jfJw~ wrr~L tLfD6lJ(yJm[Da;w @uu~~ GJ~uJGfJ!To < LDrr611~ Gurr(;UGru, a;Lriil[mlL(!JJW {DLD~ fL[D6lJ(!JJfrn[DUfiV~ thLDffff. WfT.!J)JULrovrrLiJ. {DfTW,~rumfJ {Dw~ {!j!5G'IfJ~, ifjfTuJ, f!jmruw, a;fT:!b6VW 6HifirG'l{D6lJrovrrLiJ .g;®~rurrLiJ. a;L6lJmGYT~ thI5m {!jlJ,J tt a; 8i a;(!!j~ 611'IfJ{broB! G Li;> fb rr UJtt a;#; a;rr U~ I!LUJitp;#i rovLfilfUW. "~G'lfJthG£l LB= 51{D!5fb~ {Dmr ueatt a;8; ;$(!§~QJ~. ~wrr6lJ ~mmi;>@£llw GWfiVfTW~ ff.fTfljfiV roor a; 6Tmr ~ru G th. a;rr {b bI5/ UUQ/ (!!j8;@jW a;fT:!bbI5/ 8>a;u tt U@Uru®8;@jW G611.g)lUfT@ @6Urovrr~ [ffimrovfljfTW ~G'lfJW{b fiJ£ll t'n :?La: iFt'n. um~UJ UfTvfFa;8; a;m~ fLriila;w rE1~mroB!tb@j ruvrovfTW. a;fTthruw ~(!!j611W thW a;fTth6l5/uilw GflL'4-tD({!)B= GliFW.!J)J a;thm611{bthLI1J-WfTW. fLWml(!!jtb.tM, 'UJfTV~?' 6TW.!J)JGa;wlO8i Q/tbth~· ~:!btb({!) ~6lJW, '{DfTWthfTW' 6TW{!JfTW.tLGfr61fJ(!!jtb.tM 6TtbthU U@~W 611fJ~6"iJfrnrov.woo@w, '{DfTW 6lJtbiJ(!!j8> ~G{!JW' GTW{!JfTW, a;th6lJ i){!J8;a;uuLWlfiiJG'lfJru. (y)w{DfTW (!JJG'IfJ!DUJfTa;8; a;thmfilJlh {bLUJ-mrrW. 'UJrr[Jriil(Ja;?' 6TW{D

mr

58 Ga;w~ t.D~(blLb GlJ$f[J/p. ~<jj!D@j ~ffi{!i8; a;rr<jj~w, '6TW ~wGu, {Drrw $GU/ 6T6M{Drrm. iLLGW a;f[J€l/ @{D{5tD/p. o;LQJ~L.I.h {DLD/pQf[JrrLfTL.Jw @~GlJrrG{D fiJ(f!j8;a; G6lJ~@W. 6T6UrurrQl!D[!5I,£Ww @rn{DGlJGm @(f!j8;~{Drr6M. 6T6U~rrLDrra;QJW ~6lJGm @®8;~{DfT6M. &~GGlJrrtT ~~W QU~~JL.iJ {ljrrw Q{!irrLL[!5IlU8;r!Tn.UJ_JU, ~m[i;<jjWlUwrrm, GlJrr@w a;LQJGw. o;L@/W ~p5IlLJ (!JJUJ.-lUfT{b6lJtTTW.f!)J 6 uuttt Qr!FfTmmfTfro;w? ~GlJrnrr~ G{!iUJ.-lUrn~lU G6iJ~@W 6Tm.f!)J tuntt Q.!FfTwmfTfra;w? {DfTW a;L€l/rnw 6TmJ!)JW o;fT~~G!DfTW. {Drrw ~6lJ®QrGWGlU 6TW./f)/W 6lJrr!;b ~G{Drrw. ~GlJfr 6Triil@jW 6TUGUfT /pW ~[!5IlUUU@UGlJfr, 6TmQ{DWJ!)JW GlJIP'ULUU@UWfr. jluGurr IP U/{D GlJy$lurrL(f;i (!JJrn{Da;w {!i6lJ{D6U~ ~m{D w{bQ{Drr® 0;®i>1P 6T@~{!J~ . .!FLriil@jo;@9W ~rflrnUJ a;@9w, ~rnQ/ 6T~6lJW6lf u~ULrT{!irnGlJ 6TW.f!)J 8;@{bUUL t..rr iJl/w, .d#Q/{b{!Jrr.v {iJrn{DGlJrnm GlJy$lu(f;iUGlJfr ;w {!iGlJ{!Jrrm a 6lJ~t6J6U Q.!F6UUQltTa;w6Uru r;;r~u'/p (!JJ8;~UJwrra; {DfTW {ffirnm~ruQo;rrww GGlJ~UJ.-lUW{b.f!)JW &® a;®i>{lirr@jw . {i/./p iL~rnLDu5Io6!®[i;1P JILmrrnW8;@j.# Q.!FblJiJl/W UUJ~J..iJ, {!irr!;b $<jj JIL~ rnLD t6Jro/ ®I5./P G UJ ~rrw JIL~ rnLD8;@j.# Q.!Fru~w &® UlU~W. @(f!jw 6TmUIP &~ @jrn{!J${!i[ffimru. SrnLD 6TWUIP {DmrnLD @jrn{!J[i;{!i tffirn~. gtiJrnLDu5ImrnLD 6TmUIP QtUrnLD @jm{!J[i;{li {ffirnru. OJ{!J®W {DW(YJLW &Grr urrm<jjt6JblJ GlJ®uQ/tT a;w 6Twurn<jj ~~tT£51P ~GlJtT a;'@jLm ~murr a;€l/w a;®rn.;;mUJL~GL.D {DfTW 611fT!})(lQJ'-@w. @rn<jj LD{!J8;a;8;r!TrLL...rr./p. Eriila;w 8i<jj[i;@l}"l}"rro; @®I5{!ifT6U J LD!D{D6lJo;'@jW GUIrnl}"QJrr.$GQJ tt .!F!D.f!)J {lirr LDf[JLDfT QJrr fr ~ .$G r!IT{!i$§1I}"W ~mLQJrr!Ta;Qr 6Twurn<jj tffirnm8;o; GQJ~@J..iJ. JEriila;w 8if[J[i;iJrrLDrr a; @®I5<jjrr6U 6TUUUJ.- iLriila;wrr6U tffirn~lU tD{Dm{!iu UfTtT8;0; (!JJUJ.-UJ lL~rnLDt6J6iJ [Eriila;m w? / glU QJI}"fT0; @®[i;{!irr.v 9 tUrn LDuiI W m t.D mUJ $ riil o;w

59 ~;njUUJ.-8; .$rr~ (!JJUJ.-UJW? iLWGW @(f!juulP{!irrw QGlJ~J uil6iJ G<jjrrw.f!)J#iI{DIP. {ljw(!JJw QUJG'O)LDuilmrnLD @6iJ~fTLD6iJ QQJ~uilru ~m{li8; o;rr~ (!JJUJ.-lUrr /p. C; QJ {!i tt $ {!ii> iJ w Q .!F blJ(!JJm {D8; a; ® i>./p 8; 0; '@jw UJ @~6lf W ~m J!)J. {iJ<jjrnm {DrrLb 611rr;b8;rno;uil6iJ Q.!FlUru ! u@i>IPGQJrrLb 6TWJ!)J {Drrw {DWLj~G{DW. @rn{!i8= Q.!FlU.v (!JJrn{Vuilru Qa;rr~@ QJI}"GQJ {ljLD~ (!JJ@ QJrr~€l/w ILWW gp. ~ mrrru ~ iJ®uiJUJ L~ W tffirn{VQI!DJ!)J Q.!FlUblJU(f;iQl6ID<jj W s£/L@ iJ(f!jUiJIlJL~W @rn{D€l/LWW {DfTW Q.!FlU~rr!D{D GQJ~(f;iLb. ~Glwm-JblJ :L~6IDLD {DW(YJWGWGlU ~Qrw ~ 6TWUjp {DLD8;@j~ Q{lirflUJW. ~IP {DLDgp t5J{!JULjrflrnLD. G1l).$8;@j 6TL@WUUJ.- ~rnf[J Q6lJ~uu(f;i~jpQ/Gf[J {Drrw Q.g:tUlU GQJmrl1J--UJ~. 0

61 tSJ mIT ~ o;rr <F{bmflJ65J uS! 0; ~UJir [5{!J/Pl 6J {ljrr611:fPl ~ L @®8;g,{DflJrr ,6T~{D aa;wG51 6T@8iJ{D§JJ. ~fb{b@jU tSJVfT~ m6'lffU U[iJ{l5J8;an.!f)J$I{Drrir <Fill ~@jLDrrvfr. (l611fbrr[5fb~@ro-U'4-, tSlVfT~W {ljrr~ 6llrr!p8;ma;uilw ~uilrt{Drr'4-' ~a;rr <F~mfbU (lurr~(l611 @~6l/W 6Triil@jW £5Im{D[5fb fj1([5 {!J~/Pl6lJw. ~L ~(l~rr ~riv6U:fPl G611!f)J6TriiJ@ja~rr {DmLGJU!f)JW fijUJJia;riil a;re!JJiQa;rururrw ~}ffifhU t.SJVfT~~ill a;fTV~w. @~ ~ a;fTa: .j)m{!J 651 L ~UJ fr [5flJ/Pl, fiJ flJro-e!JlruG LD 6Triv~rr W ~uilfr6lJfTW&l~{D~· {ljrruiliWw flJ[5mflJuiliWw a:Ga;rr fbrfluilSJIW @j@jGl1lSJIw @[5flju tSJvrr~a6'lff tLroTr(Q(1'~. tSJVfT~a6'lff 6Triv~m.b ~{l5J611~. {Drrw ~riila;@!jJi@j LD{bGJ{Drr@j U@j@mUJu U'4-Ji8iJa{DW. fijj;lriv ar-a611fbaa;~ {!Jm fb[561SlfbuilLW ~OO61SlLD6Twum{!JU u[iJ{l5JJi . (la;L8iJ{DrrW. flj[5mfljlLfw U6U ~~UJriill};mw8; l};{btSJ ~§JJ~L@ C!:P'4-611a;, '6Triv~rr GJ UfT(!!jLI};@!jmLUJ6l/W rr .fPJoomfiUJ a;fTVI>m'LDrr ; ~®UU~ a 6T :fPla6lJfT, ~fb6'lfffTaruaUJ ~rn6'lff~~w ~Jia;uUL:_u/--([5Ji$J{DiM. ~/PlG6lJ <>rrivrurrLDrrr!h @®Ji8iJ{D~, ~ ara6lJfbar!h~, ~iMG6lJ ILGUrrnLD, ~~a6lJ ~WLDrr, tE ~~6lJfTI};G6lJ @®J;~{DfTuJ'l 6T~{DfTfr. tSJ(!J@j U~ tLfljfTfJ~riilr!hrnlii'ff Ji r!hITL(j))$J{Drrir: '~ ar-a6lJfhGr!h~, aWm uruGl1lfbLDrrill y,J;r!hti1fJ~®[5~ afljrn6'lff 8= aa:r!hrf!J;$J{D/Pl. ~[5{!J{b a{!Jm ~mll};~8;@j, {!JfTW @mm LDfJ~@roI®~§, fij [5{!J LD~ rf! ~C!5 ffi~ 6lJ5 a fb rr W 6T rn!f)J Q flj rf! UJ rr~ . [ ~iMaurr~a6lJ 6W~iI~®[5§, @®utSl~®ffi~ af[>rr[iJ (!J~iJ{iJ@j 6lJ!h~roTr(Q(1' ~fTW ~mf!j LD{D~:fPl~LGLrrW. ~dJ:'b uSIa; .!P1~~1U a=rr!]"uQurr(!!Jirr 6TtpJG6'.JfT, Jlj/ a~aUJ, riI®uurn6lJ ~mm~ilm ILOO61SlLD ~6lr(Q(1'~. ~~H[Pro ~rnLDfT, ~ arG611{!JGr!h:fPl, ~~C:6lJ $'2 6Tffl{Drrfr.
1. iFrrtfj(!:!!JfT a-,!iJUJ guj~L:!!JL1J, 6.9. 1, 2, 4. 2. iFrrtfj(!:!!JfT8;!iJUJ guj~L~W. 6.8.7

®
~rrv {!Jrt 6T m{D c!:p.o;611fr LD[iJGJ {Drr (!!j c!:p~ 611rfI LW 611[5:fPl U rivG611.[!)1 a; Glr~ a;mv;rr 8; (l a;L$) {Drrrt . "",611 [iJ.!!)J lr fj1m!f)J, G 6 {!JfrLDw{!Jrr m 6Trivrurr611[iJ{l5JiJ@jW ~GUr mLD UJ ~ [ rr ~ '4-U UmLUJrr 6TmUflJrr@jw. ~flJ[iJ@jU uj;lm~ 8'~ib@jLDrrvrt u'4-uu'4-UJrro; {DrrfJflJ(!!j8;@j ~W8;@j$}{Drrrt:l @[5f[>U y,uSlmUJ~L ~UJrt[5flJ fj1w Jf)J tLroTrlii'ff§JJ, ~m{!J65JL ~UJ fr [5{!J:fPl (l611!f)J ~W!f)J ~6lrW:fPl 6TW!f)J an.{l5JC!:P'4-611rr a; ~ a;rr el'ibmflJuu{b(I51 8; an.Jf)Jg,{DrrIT. ~ sirr el'W fj1sff1m UJ65J L ",_Ju(r~{!J~j, 6jGJbOTdlb'u~a;mFdifi;/6u~rrm ®rfilUW, eI'[5WVW, uSI~~riv, {DL'_eI'{bi/fJriila;W 6Tm!f)J 6Triv6UrrW @(!!j8;$}W{Dm. ~a;rrel'{bj;lrufhrrw {Drrw 611rrw$I (l{Drrw, LD'4-UJ~W Q<FuJ$}(l{Drrw.

.(fIT [5(l {!Jrr8;$}UJ

~U

r!H;fr ib@jLDrrvrt

6T

m {D

rfiL{!Jibj;lriv

60

62 ~QJ rt wtbQ [DfT® ZL~fT I),,;m i; rn~ ILfLb an.JJ)J $J[DfTrt: 'gfiilGlJfT f!j~a;@!JLb a;LG6/fiil a;GlJ~{!jU/[D(!!j ~rnQJ ~fTffiIa;w ~~i;{bOOlUfTW f!j~a;wfT a; 1ii®d;G~rrLb gwum1Jj ZL,,;mrt QJ~GiJrnGlJ. ~~GUfTGlJGQJ, f!jfT(!JlLb rnJiJitG6/®~~ QJIi>~ U/[D(r!!J, ~~(]QJ {DfTLb g~j[)J ~tDI@)itruGnlGlJ. ~ c9T(]QJ~ (] a;~, :b ~iPJQJ tt a;GQJ fiJ®8i@[Drnu.'2 liiGiJQJfTj[)J ~QJI) ~
ZLuGoji<!Fr!iJa;w Gl~fTLrt$lW[Dm. ~{!51GnlQJUutbtDI ~W~® Qa;rrwma;a;w ZLG'frWm. 1f}Wj[)J ojiOOUUL.L Qa;fTWma;mUJ8; Gla;fT~® QUfT~8; Qa;fTG'frme;mUJILfLb, ~Ii>{!jU GlUfT ~8; Qa;m;1rfiO)a;uSiG6/®~~ ZLGlJa;W~@'i6lUJ Qa;fT~ma;mlUlLfw a;rillr(fj)tSlLSf.ci;fM8; an.j[)J QJ~. LDtbQ{DfTWj[)J 6T~ojiU GlUfT@jGnlw'i6lw8;a; GQJoo(fj)GWfT, ~moji, (!Jlt.q...{51hfilJml) ~~w Gl<!FfT$oji @UJrutJ)~@j$Goji 'i6l6T(_8;(!!jfilJfM· (!Jl1Jj6U Qa;JT~Gnla;u1JwuL!J.-.U UfTrt~{5fTGiJ {DW(!j)GnlLUJ ~tDlQJ (!Jl@@)ff;lW JLoomwu1JGiJ uuusuuuutrs. ZLUJrtIi>~ tffimGlJa;re58i(!!j GlCF6U.$lW[D UfT (r!!ju@iJ{!jGiJa;G6'fT'. 1D~ UJfT a; fiJ ojirrQJ~ 1f}W j[)J (bIa;!p$ojifTGiJ {DrrLb ~ojimfTru ~®uit ~mLUJfT{!jff;l (]UfT~®8;5J(][Drrw. ~Goji (bIa;f.b#@ L8~@w LEoo@w {DmLQU.f!)JLDfTWrrru {Drrw it®u@ ~mL&1G[DfTW; ~Gnloji (bIUJ~ 6rW J1)JW an.j[)J&iJG{Drrw. ~n- ~uiSJ~ {$(]!p Q)/@wGurrff;l {DfTW iI®ui! ~mLQJilrumGlJ. 6TruGlJrr ~utSl~a;@!jw {$G!p c;SJ@w(]urr~ ~m{5 {Drrw L/~uJrtUL/ Q)/m<!F 6TWj[)J GlUUJrfi@.$lG[DfTW, ~®uil ~mL~(]fDrrw. l!LoomLD gwmQQJ~[Drrru {Drrw oji~8; Qa;fTGtrma;uSlG6/@tbfM G'lUfT§jI8; G'la;rr~mu@ QJ(f!j$lG[Drrw 6TWU(]{b. LDojii; m ojiuU tb{lSI ~ Gl to rfItb~ Gl a;rr ~ 6'fT' G'J1J (f!j t.b L/ t.b Gurr fMW b®${b 6l1J88rrm (!pmfDmUJ(]1U UUJWU@~to GQJ~@W. ~G{b (!JlmlJ) @rii1(r!!jLb GlUfT@Ii>fM5J[D~. l!L~mLDuSiru @~G@) 6Trii1®I.h 6&wffiJ(!!jW (!Jlm[DUJrra; Iii®$~ QJdiff;lGrr6'fT' ff;l. lLfiiJa;@!j8;@ G)LDrr!PIG)UUJ i;$PI # rt

63
Q<!FrrfiilG6/8; Q a;rr mrr t.q...@8;$Jrn!D WIi>~ .£6lT 6iJa;mw u u t.q...i; toil6iJ gmWfT6iJ a;rr,,;m (!:Pt.q...rf>f!j uS/a;u u!j)mwUJrrm a;®~JP1, {!j~ (bImGlJu5I~®$ff;l Gl urr ff;1tf!mGlJ8;(!!j# Q<!FW w ®~f!j ~ (!Jlm[D{brrw.' 1f}.mJuS/a;a;QJrta;~' (G{!jQJJTa;~) 6TUUt.q...8; a;ru{fj~ 9(]1) ojii;ff;lQJLDrr a; ~5J{DrrJT a;~ g6fuumoji !Drrw a;rrmrr@(][!JrrLb. f!jLD~ umrrmLUJ @{fjojimmUJfTwJTa;6W tSll) u r§ <!FO· U tb !61UJ a;@:iJfM8;a;.mJ ru ~ UU l11- i; ojitt ~ L (]LDW(] LD5J.llW ~l)rrtiJ ffi§)JGla;fToo(] L G Urr@)moji8; a; tt mrr 5J G [Dtt Lb. JPI UJ e!:P GlJfiI a;~ ~ @j{fjM uS! a; f f JPI~~ UJ6lJb(61 t tb(r!!j, (]LD5J.llw jpJmrr~UJ6lJ{iJ{lSI to(!!j QJ[6ff;1 grii1(r!!jW rEJm[D{6{b ~a;rrCFW6Tm[D t!T>@~it{iJ«!> 6lJ®6lJmoji8; a;fT~ 8J(] [Dtt Lb. @mWi Lb ~!pffi~ Q.g:m j[)J et rfiJ «!> t.b Ul)rBfPl~w <!F8;fj;I ~ruGlJ ff;1 tSll)fT,,;mm 6T~ uojitb® 6lI(!!j @[Drrrtt!T>w. grulo1JfT@){iJ(6Iw E!§flGL, 1f}W!J)J w{iJ[!J j;JG6/@jd;~<pJ !J)JUL.L{!j6UGlJ uirr gWfD {b~JP1QJLbE!§fl@@roEI rEJtb@[D~. fi/d;fb ~a;fTCFGw I!LUJJTffi1D rEJmGlJuSiru t5il)rr,,;m G"6TfT a;rr L.il UJ.mJ8i$l[DfM; ~fiilGlJ ff;1 @d;1fju 011)fT,,;mG m a;a; .{!)JTGU 6lJt.q...'i6lru ~a;fT <!FLDrr Gojirrw!J)J!iI[Dff;1. @Ii>1fj~a;fT CFLO a;i; GLD~ Lb .{!)JTGlJwrr Glt!T>rr~G L Q.g:ru@[!Jff;1. $18; <!F@j~ 8; a;LQjmwu GiLJrrfMmwuu@~§)J6lI§)J WtO GI[!Jrr@j a;®di~· 6TUUt.q... @fM ~mLUJUU@@[DfM gW umfblLfLO, ~Ii>~u Glurr fMmw(]UJ I!Lfimn-Qja;<ilflw GlLDrr.ffiojii; G'l1fjfT(!!jil6TW!J)J ~mfP8;a;ULJLLfM 6Twum~ILfLb {DrrLb (!Jl6fum(]1) umt diGojirrLb. @@GiJ 9® @jm[Durr@ 6J{iJu(J)J£t[D.@. d; {!jU Q u tt §)J m LDU u @ .ffi~ ru(!Jl @ m usUJtr a; tt {b i!)J • ffjJUJtbma;uSi~r fjK'!J4[D I!LmrmLDt!T>mrrW I!LmTJTQj8imrorr LDL.(J)JGLD (5rrLb g@i;fM.#.Gla;rrmrr@ Glurr fPlmLDuU@~fM &iJ(][DfTW,LDf!)JL/[lJi;m{b Q)/L._@6"l1l@!i/(]fDrrw. 6TmG@) (ljJ{btD6lGiJ @.fPJ 1f}@ (!!jm[!JufT@~w Glurr if;lmLDuu(J)Ji;{bru ~«!>W. @i16iJ wtbGlf!JfT ® @m{DUfT@ ZLGrrW§)J. @§)J [i)l)~ Lrr6lJif;l t!T>®i;mojiu utb{lSlUJif;l. 9GiJGl6llrr® Glurr®re5LO

mr ~

wm6lJ

fi/

64
~{!jW

65 @lUlOiJrnu8;
rorw.f!)l G'la;fTom-GL fJiLb4.$)~{!J 'ii£lGYT;a;UUL 8 &~i'i/Jfiil1fTrt Gfiil1om-@w. §EaYl (!JJ{!jr;;5}Gi.J, £ljfTW (!JJwmGfJ t.uttt ~)f!J![)lGLJrrru @![)l GUfT ~ WfTtDM Q LJtr ![)lrnw8; Q a; fTGTrm a; lU tt a; @ru6l!lru. @lpd"6TLfT<S>J {!jfT a;,

'fY@ U/<!FfT @@UU{!jfT6iJ{!jfTGtr a; b61@fi}{!J~ ~ ua{!j. @~{!j ilL5J GTr b61@fiil1{!jtDa;fTm 'ii£lGYT;a;LD 8

~ut5!lf!!jw

ururt

@@ei;a;rum.b.

~mfT6iJ.

[iJ~

{jj)1U{iJrna;u5Ir;;5}@~G{!j a;fTfJGm"Lb

@1U{iJrna;,s,81fTm 81rrrfllUw

Gl1IGYT 8;81 a;rrfJbffiw rorw $I [D![)l fJiLD8;@j,s,

'ii£lGYT;a;Lb Lj'ii£luJ rtil 4 'ii£lrm<!F rorGtr 8 (!JJtDtDJ).ll LD iI@u@a;fJwfTm{!jfTa; §

uut 81Glfw @rurnru. a;rr rfllU ~@ro/@dJtpJ fiJ~{!j8; uur .f!)lLJL....L a;rrL....@w
J

~wru; (!JJ{iJtDJ,gw LD G<S>J.f!)l L....L![)l LJ


a;rrrfllULD rorGtru~ L.D~'/h fJiroDm 6l1i!§r§rrm~@Gtr warufT ~tDJliilJ

@1OiJ6l!lrurorGtru~
~~{!ju

fJiW8;@j~ Q{!jrfJ~~fT,gww wtD{!J6'lJtD6l!l{!J'ii£lL# <!FtD.f!)l6.JtD.f!)l,s,Qa;fTwGYT 8; CFn..Lq..UJ{!jfT@@ei;§JtD~. a; 6.JQm~6i.J QUfT(l!j61fJw

Q81milT6l!l81; ~mrrw m....~rnw.

a;fTfJ~~@w

6'lJlJf-<S>JUJorWLJG{!j r

~lU6i.J6l!lU8; Qa;fT~GL

~~

'ii£lGYT;a;u 8

w{iJ[!Ja{!jfT 4{D8; a;fTfJ~LD ern: .... _(:£'!$i{Df!P. @6iJfiil1fTGtD fJiw~ ~tDJGlf (!JJ@6'lJ~W u(j)J$i tD~. ~6l!lwdJ{!j rf@UJfTmrn6'lJ

u(j)Jf/[!Jf!P.

~mfT6i.J

&Gtr6l!ltD8;
'ii£lGYT;a;u 8 'ii£lGYT;a;W. 8 Gl1I!§C§ fT est

U/l11-uLja;GTr @dJ'/h8; a;(f!j~rn'/h G£ljrr MilG lU ~6iJQfiil1 fT@


Q <!Fw!i1Gtr[Dm. <!F LJ a;rrru~@w t...O §;IwtD Qa;fTwma; LJrfI~fTL.D L.D.f!)l
6lJ GT

a;oo(ijl
{li tt <€0LD

(!!jw 6.JtD.f!)l ,s,G}a;fTw rorWLJ![)l

G'I UfT@lf!!jrmLlU
'ii£lGYT;a;w)f!JfTGtr 8

@UJ6iJL5Jw 'ii£I!§r.§fTm

~ l11-U urnLu5IlOiJ

6lJfT{!jLD. 81mfllULD a;rrfJ~w'/hfTw UrflbffifTW ®WUJ~iJ,£J(!!jdJ![)l @Gtrm{D1U

rT@UJfTm

a; trt) 6ffl ~

4{Dei; a;fTfJ bffi rfil a;GYT 6iJ 'ii£lGYT fT 8;a;u u@urnfiil1


~6i.Jru. <!F@jbffi8; a;LGlfGTr ~~{!j
a;fTfJ 6fflWfT6rif6'lJrr

$I W u@~'/hilUL....L
lL(l!jQ<S>J@8;§;I[D~

l11-<S>JG L.D; a;rr fJ 6ffl ~ @Gtr

fiJ@rfil@j

6'lJL+6'lJGw. rorwuG{!j Ga;fTL_UfT@. Qa;fTw6l!la;

81fTrfllULDfT81 fiil1fT{!j~@w

m....rua;~.jJw urnLut5!{iJ@jJ; rorw{!J QJlGYTi;a;(!JJLD @{5{!j# G<!Ffr)f!Jrnm,s,@j e ~~'/h8;

~l11-uumL8;
6lJdJ'/h![)l 6TWgJJW w'/hLD

umLULj

'ii£I!§r§fT~a;61fJw

a;LfiilJGTr @UJ{iJrna;8;@j Q6'lJ61fJGUJ @@UU<illrt, @UJtD6l!la;ILfLw ror~'/h'ii£l)f!J~ Q'/hfTLrtLjLD @6i.J eott {!j<illrr. @UJ{iJrna; ~~{!j8; a;L6lf61fJw m....~'/hfJ6'lJfT6i.J @;wUJ~ iJ66I@~~ m....ooLfT8;a;UUL....L~ rorw.f!)l Q<!FfTwmfTlOiJ ~~ 'ii£I!§C§fTmrf iJUJfTtDM Q a;rr GTrrna;UJ rr a;rr ~. @~G6'lJ <!F@jbffi8; a;L6lfw a;(f!j~~ <!Frrrr~)f!J w)f!Jrfila;61fJ6i.J a;rrrurfila;rrru iott a; iL6frGYT @jrn{DurrLrr a; ~(f!jdJ~ 6'lJ@$i{Df!P. <!F@jbffi8; a;LGlfw L.Drr~LU u~Lja;r€!!JLw an.l11-UJ6'lJrt, ~mrr6i.J ~dJ'/hu uOO'Lja;6fr ~Gl1rfJLLD uS/a;u uru wLrfil@j ~iJa;wrr a;
@@8;@jLD. iJ66I(f!j~~ ~<illrr ~~'/h {!jw~ 'ii£I@iluwrr ~iJfJ ~)f!JfTlOiJ ®WlU~

lLL....UL G6'lJ~@Lb.

[DGID81LfL5l{iJGa; @LLD fiJ~'/h# @I5{!j @fJoo(£1

G}a;fT@8;@jw.

Gstr '/hmm a;mGYT~ '/hfTdiJ§;I {ffI{iJ@jLDfT? G str {!j m ffi a;1f!!j8;@jW FF@G}a; fT(i} ~tpJ {ffI{iJ@jLD

W{!j8; Q 81fTW ma;a;GIDGYTGtu [DroD m wmrfil a;m , U@j~ '/htDJGlf L.Dmrfil a;w .6.J{iJ.f!)l8;Q a;fT W If!!j LD. w'/h,s, @j(l!jL.DfTlTa;W, a a; tt u5110iJ a;GYr,<!FfToivilfJdiJa;r;;ir @<S>JtDm{DfJiWU# G'lcFfTwmfTru £iJW6l!l[DlU L.D~'/h~TfTru ~m{!j 6.JtD.f!)l8;Q81fTWGYT ~6lJfJiwt5!8;ma;8; (!JJl11-lUfTffb![)l LDL....(i)

iLrua;~@ro/@dJ~ !W)a;u5Iru @!5'/h

m....rua;~rn'/hu urnL~'/hrrrt. ~fiil1rt ~~'/h aQJ.f!)lUL....L6'lJfr. <!F@j(iffi'8; a;L6lfwQa;fTw @® @jGID{!Jurr(j)Ja;@9LD Qurr f!PfiilJrr a;
~'/hmrrru @fJoo@ L5JfJ.j~rnma;w

a;LL....LLD §>ffi!J)J QGlI61fJu5I6iJ 81rrL....J.11-8; Qa;fTGYrLJ<S>Jrt a;61fJL(!JJW, m....WGYT ~@6iJ ulUrfila;fJl.Drrm ~6'lJfJiLDU/ 8;GIDa; lLWGYT ffJI. t5! {DGfJrr , WffbW 6TGtr uG '/h LD'/h8; @j(l!jWfTrta;61fJGtr .mJ~mfba;w 6TGtr.f!)l ~iI.£I (f!j~§j1 GGlGV$IU
ulUrfila;IJL.Drrm lL@<illfT a;Glfw ~tpJ 6'lJy5'I6'lJ@j8;@jLD.fJiLDLf<ill![)lGurrw Gumu 6l1i(j)J£iw {Dmfr. WfbLD 6TWU,tpJ §>(f!jrul'/h GfbCF# CFLrfila;fTa;.# ~{D~fb .!F(YJfbrrlUiJiJm &@8;a;U 6.JGfbfT

w6i.Jru,

@@I5G)f!J 6'lJ@g)w{!Jm. ror@$iGtr{!Jm.

UL....@.mJL....L,tpJ. LJ~mLIU

66
(iTf§filUJwm ?flrT dP/rnLUJrrmLn dP//[)J. ~/[)J fi!®J;a;L@W. {lj@m-a;rrru wmlfbbGf)w C!fJGifTam-rr a;~J;@j w:!Ew fl...mrfiIDW rT tutt a;~ a~rn6lJUULL ~m6lJJ;~ @m-.ff)J ~~~ a~fiID6lJliMlU lUrr(!!)Ln fl...1>W(lIQ)1/6iJrn6U. ~I5fb rfJrn6UfiIDw aUrruJd8LL~. fbm-§;;J.dW{!5/6lJy_,rT6lJwrrm~(lrruJ#ma;~8;~ ~~ ~®U@a;(l uitrs; .@6iJm6U (iT~Um~ {lj@m- wml~~ a;mr@~LLrrGifT. <F@jI>WJ; a;L6lJW8i®~i9J, UIiMLULj8; a;®~~/, f}6iJQ6lJfT(!J; W~~@~(!pwm §;;J1iM6lJfb8; a;®~§;;J8;a;W-. ~m6lJQUJ6iJ rumD ~OOUJLn Q<FruS}/UUJ-lUfT8irr/[)J. ~I5$1UJfT~ru @VM6lJ rfJVM6UGlU/DfTfljfb~ a;rrfJl>WLn Qum~fljrTa;w. UVMfPlU a;rr6'U~@6iJ .@I5~ 661~UJ~~rufljrr~ ~6lJrt 8>W ~riila;w G/6lJ{iJt6J mUJUJLn rfJmru{ljrrLUJ-wrt. ~UJ{iJVMa; (iT6iJVMruUJ{iJ{D<FJ;i/ fl...VMLUJ 6T~.!f)J Ln ~m- §;;J a ~m6lJa;mm ~ fljrraw y_,rt~i) i9J QCFuJ§;;JGla;fTWm 6lJ6iJ6U/[)J 6T~.1J)1Ln ~(!!)I5~rr6iJ, .@lU{iJma; VMlU~ fb~r;r @GifTQWfTGifT @®uu~rr .f1)l a; 6lJ[bLf.[f)JiJ§;;J6lJ §;;J &:i{!5/~w a::lifiID6lJUJ[b/D~; ~ ~wrr 8n.LiJ G::liVM6lJlU{iJ{D~ (iTGifTurn~ Qum ~~rt a;w (iT(£i~§;;JJ;a;rrLUJ-wrt. Qurr(!!)~Ln ~flj~ ~cmmwa;l€!!Jw U{iJ{!5/lU ~6lJrr::liW uSJa;6lfLn ufPmwUJrrrn~. umkPUl e!jJYWL'ilJ;rna;a;w ~U au rr~ W @®[5§;;J6lJ(!!)6lJIiM;!h# m6UG6lJVMm a;~ru a;rrl>W rufTW. ~~mw 6TfotTU~ G/urr®fiIDm# aCFrtr5::li~rr? 11LuS/r;r[b{!J 8}LW 6TW.f!)J {ljrrLn 8n_.f1)lW Qurr®~6iJ {5mw, .dW8iruW, u(I!)WW ~m6lJ f}LUJ-uS/®8;5:!{!J~rr?QLJrr®w wrrtDrr ~aurr §)J ~wmw ~UUUJ-alU .@®8;®wrr,wrr./!)Jwrr?-@m6lJaUJ .@mLJ;a;rrruriila;~5WLb, ~w, ~{lj{iJ~ [E~L a;rrru~$Itb@jU UlWW®W8n.L ~6Ilrr f!>#.i@Jba;fTw ~~Ulrfua;~6iJ f}W{!J"n-a; @®r5fljliMflj {Erfila;w uru®w u,+~~@J;a;rurrLb. @mflj {ljfTW 6lJ®~flj~§;;JLaWaUJ &..!f)J5:!a{!JW. ~fljJb@j Qum iJ~rT a;w, '~~~rna;Ul QUfT®~ 6TWiD fjW.f1)l .@®UUflj[b~ ~~rrr;rw f}W./!)Jaw .@ruliM6U, @®UU6lO6lJ ~#iw ~wrnwa;vir1 WL_@aw. JI~[b~ ~uurrru IE UfTrTJ;a;J;a-n.UJ-Ul~ et§;;J6lJGw

67
~6iJIiM6U' 6Tw8iI{!Jrrrta;~. @§;;JG6lJ flj{iJa;rr6U ~tgaf8lU6lJrr@ a;@9w (Agnostics) urur;r §;;J a;®iJfljrr®w. Qurr ®1@J8;@jW .dW fljw @jGffl riila;I@JJ;@jw ~mLuS/ 6iJ fl...wm @r5~ ~6lJrr fljW <F[bJf)J ·11LUlrtr5~ rfJm6UuS/ru ~.1J)1@ 11LrnrmwJ;@jw (noumenon) a~rrw /!)Jw fl...mrmwJ;~Lb (phenomenon) @rnLuS/~wOilT 6616lJrr wrr a; 11L@Q6lJ(£iJ; ~ 5:!{!J§;;J. G~rr W /!)Jw fl...rnrmWUlrr 5:!Ul @r5~ 11L6Ua;W, ~rr6lJ if;l .dW G/~ tr Lfr r5§;;J W tt trfi 8; Q a;rr rnrG L fiJ QJj ; $I W tD fiJ r5fljU J zSir;rUr§CFW fiJa~rr 11LWOilT @~tb@jU L'ilGifTWfTru ust /!)J /[)J. ULrr~ f}w.f!)J @QJj#.!i1{!Jif;l. G~fTGifTg)Jw fl...rnrrnLD, ~Jl)l@ 11LrnrVMLD ~r;rrnr@aw fl...rnr(i6)LD6TWJl)l &:i6Ufr6J{iJJl)lJ;Qa;rrw li1{Drrfra;w. G6lJJl)l ~rurt, @w~w fl...'!p-I@UJrrro a;rrr;r~rfil a;rnOilT8;a;rrLl1j- @di~ @r;rrnrrnLUJw fiil{iJa; fl...rfirnwuS/6iJrn6U 6TW 5:!/Dnfra;w. [!jfTl.b urrfruu/[)Jw fl...~fr6lJ§)J W rfJrnrouuif;lw G/6lJ.f1)lW G~rrJb{!JaLD, @ffi~~ a~rr[b{DiJiJ[b@jU Ulwwrrru 9~ jJ)J @QJjJ;5:!iD§;;J 6T~ .f!)J &.iD 11Lr5J eT.1@J8;@j et r5{!j JliJa;m;rC!fJw @rurn6'U 6TGJMU§jJ.dW6lJrTa;w <In.{iJ.f1)l. 6lJfr ~ a;m/GJMGa;w~8;~u uiJ,gww .@rurn6'U. G6lJ{!jrrffi~~i)ffi ._!}/iirn6lJ~8; Q8imirrrna; 9ffiG{!J .@~{iJ ~u u~6U~J;5:!{Dif;l. fjwGtD fjffi .f!)J:fjrrw filQJj8;@tD§;;J 6Twu§;;J:!Errffi fl...mrrnLD. ~ffiflj 11Lrnrrnw, Gfljrrffi jJ)Jw 11L liMLDUJrr a; 6lJ W @ QJj8; a; 6Utt L.b , ~ .f!)J$I fl...rnr liMLD rnr tutr a;6lJw @@8;a;rurrw. Wrr{D8;8n.L!l-UJ ~w.f!)J 11Lwm §;;J; .dP{flj{iJ®1!LGlT{~W ~~We!:fJ6ULDfT a;6lJw G6lJQ{!JfTw.f1)l fl...Srrm~, .dP{f)J ustt iDtt 15§;;J; t 6lJrr .ff)J r;rmr (];I ~ QJj u §;;J U fl...mrrnwUl6iJ6'lJ. @QJjuu§;;J fjffiG{!J. .dP{[)J uxr .ff)J U@6lJ§;;J / au rr6lJ a{!jrrw ,§)15:! iD§;;J.~ wrr6lJ 1!LmrrnwuS/6iJ LDrr{iJiD w r6I uS! @®8;WtD!ffi. fl...L6lJ, www.~wwrr s:(w.f!)l U6'lJ6lJrra; 6T~Gnf) {ljrrw UkP5:!~LGLrrw. ~ffirr6iJ 11LmrliMwuS/ru

-ri/6iJ

ri/

[j)@uu~ fjffia[D. ~ffil5 1fjrrtD{!J .dP{ 7fI J;5:! [D§jJ . W 6

9ffiG{!J

U6U 6lJUJ-6lJrfila;~ru

68
_g)J ~ !QlJ a; Stf) ~ <$ iJ! UI IJDru W tt esr lL ~ tt IJ Gm <$ ~ ~ Gr(£J<$t518;Qa;mitT@!Jriila;w .. a;u5ijf)l, U tt wLJGUfT0iJ G~fT~ .ff)1 ~ [!Jt51. @(l!jGmfT _g)JruruffJl G!QlJ !OJG{bfT a;fTIJGm<${bfTru jf)l @rutt a;uS! iJ6Ill[!Ju U tt WU tt a; Gr~~ { ~w [!J~ tt. _g)J!5JQj6lJ(l!jw [ GU ttffJl U tt wLJ w~[!Jr!ffJl _g)J5l a;u5ijf)l g~ U ~ Q~rf/~ [!Jt51. t Gr~G!QlJ w~<$iJ!0iJ ufTwUlw Gr~Gmw {iJ®8;(!!jWGUfT~ a;u5ijf)l Gr~GmW LD<rn[!J~!DffJl, a;u5ijf)l GrGffl-mrw @(l!j8;(!!jW GLJfTt5l LJfTWLJ Gr~GmW ~(l!jULJ@ru<rn6lJ GrWLJ<rnfb @r!~ lL{bfTIJffiT <$fi;lG6J(l!jr!t51 [!5J G[DfT W. GfbfT~ jf)l LDlL6ID IlmW6Ill1U _g)J ~ ~~rr!QlJffJl {pW6IDW8= ar{iJ[!5Jui/(l!j8;@jW G{bfT{iJ[!Jriila;rnm WL(£IGw a;fT~ W GLJtt t5l ~.f!)J @ s: Gffl-rn W W6Ill[!JfiI!Dt51. WfT.f!)J {b"ru{iJ[!J ~.!J)J@ lLGffl- 'iWlW6Ill1ll8;a;fT~wG U ttffJl, G{bfTW .f!)J lL~<rnW W W6Ill{Dr!~~(£I~!DffJl· ~uGurr~ {ljfTW UlIJ<$@IllLa=!QlJfT@a;W (Realists), 61JL~Ill!QlJfT @a;w (Idealists) Grw[!J {iJ(I!j!QlJrf/w tffl6lll6lJ 6IlllUIljW Q{bStf)!QlJfT;u LJrf/[!~Qa;fTw ~G!DfTLD. UlIJ <$@IllLa= a !QlJfT@ G {bfT~ .ff)1 W lL~rnwrnlll WL(£JW !OJ{iJ.!J)J Q a;fTW 8; fiI !DfTW, 61JL~Ill!QlJ tt i) ~.f!)Jj;J lL6IDrnW6IllUJ !OJ 8; Q a;fTW {iJ.f!)J fiI!D tr m. W tt {iJ[!Jriil a; W LJ{iJ [!5JII a; (I!j <$~ 8; a; W ~ 6Ill~ ii I itG6J(l!jr!~w ~(£JUL(£J £5im.!J)J lLru6llla;U .utrtt 8;a;!QlJruru ~{iJ!Dru Q U{iJ[!JruL@IU!QlJfT @8;@j, ~ {bfT!QlJ [gLGffl-~WlllfT6IfT ffJl Ill6lJfTit8;(!!j ruLfi) WfT.f!)JLJ@W @r!{b [gLrua;Lb w~!Dr!Gfb ~(£JfiI!D~. lL61Ja;W WfT6IllUJ, WfT{iJ[!Jw Gr~uG{b @ru6ID6lJ Grw.J!)l Qa=fT0iJru ~6lJ~8;Ga; gi_rf/~w lLOO(£l. ~~fTru UIIJii @ III L_ a=!QlJt it OiW W tt .f!)JLJ @ LJ!QlJiJ6Ill!D G III U tt tt 8; t { ~!DfTtt a;w. ~6lJtt a;~8;(!!j, WfTjf)lUfTL{iJ[!J~ wrn[!Jr!~~(£I fiI[!J~. lL6lJ0iW lL~6IllW gw.fJ)J <Fn.[!Jii{bfTW ~6lJtt a;~8;~ lLrf/6IllW lL~@. @[!{b<$ {biiffJlQJ<$@w 66J6IllwQj GrW~? a=(5Gm8; Qa;fTW~Oi GUfT ~WfT~{bru61J, _g)Jrnflj~L GW61JfT~{b{iJ(!!j, £5itta;(!!jGm.$ a;®<$@{iJ(!!j {ljfTW Qa=w!DfTa;
a;LQjw

69 G 6lJGffl-@LiJ
g~
U~

fljfTm.

{PfTLb

fljtt

8; a;Jd.,tt!QlJ IT a; 8= W

Qa=ruru8;8i:LUJ-Ill~ ~r!flj @Lii~{iJ(!!jiifljfTw. ~{b~fT0iJ a=(!!jffiT.$ a;LQjwa;(l!jii~ ~ySI[!ffJl66J@Lb g~uGfljfT, a=(!!jffiT8; a;LGljdrr @6U~6lJ g~urnflj £5i@L5Juuflj{iJa;IT~ ~fljfTlJriil a;6Illwa; a=.fTLLU GUfTfilG[!JfTW gwuG{bfT ~6U61J. a=@jffiT £5i6Ill61J6Ill1ll~w a; a; G!QlJ ffl-(£IWfT~ 1T6UrEitt .$@jffiT rEi6lllru8;@j8= G Qa=w[!JfT a; G6lJ~@w. !OJQ~~ru rEitt8;@jffiT £5i6lllru Gr~uffJl a=@jffiT £5i6lll61J6Ill1U6l1I u5)a; GwrufTm L fj1(1!j GI U ttffJl~w8i Gla;rrW6Illa;IllIT@jw. {E/tt8;@jffiTWfTm~ WL@GW Gr6U6Illru UJ{iJ[!JfljITOi @(!!j8;Oi (!jJUJ-tLfLb. a=@jGm tfjIrn6l.J Gr0iJrnru8i@j lLLUL.L~. @uuUJ{PITW a=@jGm8; a;(!!j/J6Illflju ulTffJla;rr8; filG[!JfTGw flj6l1lIJ ~ ySl8;a;6l1I0iJ6Illru. tfjItt 8;@jmra; a;LQjw a; (I!j <$ it {iJ (!!j @LwGYfIii{bfT rua=@jGm8; a; LQj rirrOi(!!jii@ ~ySI[!@~(£Iw gW[!J a=[!Gflja;Lb ~UJ-8;a;UJ- g@~[!J@. ~ 61fT IT ru G 6lJ flj tt [!f!j ii @ ~ a; @ iJ@ f!j ~ .j; ~ !QlJ 6Illflj ii ~fPIUU{Druru, ~6Ill{D lL6W6IllUJlllfTa;U ulT~a;fTuuG{D. lL61Jrna;a; a;@ii@0iJ Gla;fTrirrwfTwru, f!joo w~fljii~6lJW g~U~ UllJul§a=ii~'illw gWU6Ill{D8; a;1TL.LfTw0iJ, g~f!j 6lJySlu5iSULbf!jrnlwWlflj6lll6IfT {E/@L5I8;a;C!PUJ-UJfT 6l.JfiliJ,llwGYr ffJl·lL L5I[!J'ill{iJ[!5J~@!EffJl f!jilll w~ flj~ G'ill.[1)JULL'illW Grw!J)J {DfTW g6Wmf)6IfTfT0iJ ~[!f!ja; a;@ii§P §J@a;GmW<Fn.L tfjI{iJa; (!jJUJ-IUIT~. ~.Jiflj6llla;UJ §Jw!J)J @@~fljGflj {iJru6lll61J. {iJuGUfT ffJl, GlUIT@GYfIw @UJruL51rol@~G{b ~fljw 6l1Iwa;Oiw 6lJ1J GQJ~(£ILb gW[!J fi)!J6WLIT6lJ@ a;@ii6lllf!j lLuGIllITa;U u@.JiffJlG6lJlTw. @ffiJ(]a; Gw{iJa;6WL6Illf!j6l1lL u5)a;.Ji @mfI!QlJ 1T6IfT W LJ rfI[bffJl Gla;lTwm 8; a;UJ-~wlT~ §P ~ WIT~ fj1@ a;@ii@{iJ@j 6lJ[b@ Ga=ttG'illfTw. {Dw§P uSIa; lLllltt~{b GlUfT ffJl6lllWIll1T6IfT tfjItt 8;@j.omU GlUIT®W {DW(!f>WGWGIll {iJ®a;fiI{D@, {DfTGw ~~ gwu/fPfljrrw ~~flj8; Oi@ii~· 'ar(]6lJfljGa;ffJl, IEGIll ~~!' IEGIU ~~f!j tfjItt8;@jmrU UIJW GlUfT®rirr.lL~Qa;rliJ@jW IE Gf!jUJ- ~6Ill61JIljw a;L6lfw gW!J)Jw

70
tEGUJ. .f!)Jw [iJrilI@j wWlf!jm

QfflU6U(!::pm{D C:w~rr '{E'


rOT"mU~

~{!jL.b
a;(i}jj,if/&V

71
~bix;lJ,
Gfhrrm !JjwtJI ei;6ro8iu5)biJrurr !j { 8iL(j}iuU@j,~IOlJj;!6iJmru . 6T wG@J [i}{i5{!j rOT"6iJrum;$ {!jwrr ro 8iC!!jj,:f})J ei;8imGYf fW U {!j~Ww ~Lei;8ir;;v6iJru Ut;T{i5{!j G'!8irrmrna; !Jjwei;@j GlOlJdM@W. umLU U6lJfJ fTW ~(!!j ~@j6lm"ei; 8iLQfrnfiiff Ga;rrlSl-9;8i~ 8; 8irrGmmT !Jjwuj, fbUJrrt;Ttt 8i @(!!j.9;$)[!Jrrfr8iw. ~ {!5l6ljj,j;! [!J~ uS/ ei;8i U(jl)(!!jei;G 8ifT ~ j, {!j rn8iUJ 8i(!!jj,:f})J ei;8im G u rr ~ WrT m m6lJUJrr 8i @6iJrn6IJ; ~6lJdJm[!Jro£!L Gwrurrm ~W.fl)J ~6lJfr 8i@!j.9;@jj, Gfhrn6lJUJ tt a; {iJ®ei;8i/ (D~. ~6lJfr 8i@!jei;G'l8i6iJrufTW @Lwroffl.9;@jW ~GYf,m,{iJ@j f)(!!j w{!jW ulj{i5{li{!jrr 8i @6iJrufTfb Gurr ft)/, ~(IJJ{!jrrUJj,@iJ»mGYf ~{!fJ(§rt8i6YT (;TuGurr:f})Jw wfbj,@dJ@j G'I@1rotfIGUJ {!j~ :i;afb til m-{Dmfr. @{i5{!j Iflmru £iJro jf)1G utr @ GiJIOlJGYf6lj ~ro£! t;Twrr a; rOT" .f!)1GLD {iJ(!!j{i5 {!j ~ i!wrnfiilJ. (lJJei;$)UJwrr $ OJaljrruurr@lw @UUUJ-UULL {5Im(jl)

~@j~J;
!Jjrnh

G'I~fTbiJ$) {lJrrrt 8im. ~ WfTbiJ mu UlmJw

IffJrt .9;@j~

J; a;(i}jj,if/G6IJGUJ.
GTmUlOlJm

~ {!fJ{iJfh @{i5fhj,

6lJrta;mGYf ~~

@j6lm"riua;@!jLW 9it.lS/--UJIOlJ~. ~mrr6iJ ~lOlJro~ t!LdMmw tilrtJ;@j6lm"Gw. ~@j~:'iiOlf)fhU 4rft{i5~G'la;rrwGYf tDfTw til rt 8;@j~ :i;mfh.9; $(i}j:'iiif/6iJ G'!$rr~ Lrra; GlOlJdM@w. fhWluuLLmfh9; @j{!fJ.9;$U G'!ufT~lOlJrrro m fh.9; a; (i}j j, if/ 6iJ G'!.$rr.G L UJrr $ G IOlJ @w. ~ ~ {i5{!j
IffJrtJ;@j~Gw
I'

G'!wtiJuG'!urr(i}jw,

wWlfhm/w

~mLDfT.

[iJ~ U {iJ{!5lUJ G 1OlJ.!!)l" U6IJ Ga;m-ro£! a;w t!LWGYfW. G urr $U Gurr a; ~1OlJ {iJ{!5l{iJ@jU uif/6iJ 9it.[!J (lJJUJ{iJ€iI.9;~G[!J6N. U(jl)~J;a;biJ a;w G{!jrrm [!J(jl)rr W. (IJJ{!j~biJ ~j,mlOlJ{!jj, @~ tilrn(jl)rnUJ U u{iJ{6Jj, G{!jrr~ ~{i5{!j G'lfh~lOlJrr$u .[!)J~)(l[!Jm.b, fj)~{6J~(!!j{i5~ ~{i5fh (IJJ@U 4rft{i5~G'la;fTWalOlJfTw. !Jjrrw u(jl)lOlJfTa;j, t!L~mw semr a; !Jjwmw

~rofT6iJ tDw~ a6lJjf)1ULLlOlJrt


G'lurr(lJjmJ~(!!j{i5~ ~UJt;T(lJJw

~~G{IJ.
!Jjrrw

(;TblJIOlJGYfQf @jm{!JlOlJfTa; tilrnw.9;~G[!Jrrawrr (D6iJ(jl)~.

,I

6lJrt$W

(;T~ jf)1 GTblJ@JGYfQf~ @a;wrra;

~GiJ6lJGYfQf !JjW.9;@j !JjfTW G6lJ.f!)JULL tilrnrn .9;&i1a{IJrrG WfT,

fbrrm-

t!LroTTforT ~.

[iJj,{!jma;UJ

wmriila;mGYfUfw w{!jw Gurri/UJ

G ~fr j,~.9;
~GYf6lj

Q8irrmGYf

G6lJmr@w

rOT"w{Drrw

~GiJ@JGYfQf.9;@j !JjW~ @{i5fh ~j,m@J{!jei; ~lSI-U

~@a;wrr@jw.

UIj{i5{!j G{ljrr ei;@j6!f)LUJ{!jrra; @(!!jei;8i GlOlJdM@W. ~ ~ 8"n.!J)Jh t Qa;rrmrne;a;G'lGYf6U(jl)fTW ~{!fJ1Ol/ y,rtlOlJ WmiJTm6lJUJrr a; @(!!jei;8i

umLmUJ8;

Ga;fTLUfTLlSI-6iJ tE@G'I{D{6Ja;@!jei;.ff,fTW a;fT~ ~G{lJfTw. a6lJG'I[!JffiJ&i1(!!j{i5~ L..b rGT{i5{!j

G6lJmr@w. ULLrnlOlJ

tEifJG'I{D{6JrnUJUfw !JjfTW G'lu[!J (lJJlSI-UJfTG'!{!j~ jf)1 !JjfT~ t!Ljf)1@ UJfT8i.9; 8iLjf)1G6lJw. tEilG'!!Jj{6J GTWU~ @j{6JUUlLL f;(!!jIOlJt;T~

~6iJ(jl)~
@(!!j{i5fhmfb umest ~q;o)fh.# 6J~

U(jl)fJ~

<'Friua;6iJurilI8iw

(;T~uG{!j

um~UJ

8i(!!j:'iifbfT a;

wfbrilJa;m {!jrfil8imrorr~{!fJ6lJfTt;TrrtiJ#€ilei;@j8; 8iL@Li ~6iJru GT~!J)J ~6ir a;,_{!fJJ; G'la;fTWGYf GIOlJ~@W . (;Trou~ G'lfbrftUJ,m,GumliilJ. w{!jrill siemr a; @®{i5{!jrriJ» W, ~mlOlJ ~ {6JlOlJrrfJmi.J#iJ (;Tm!D ~GYfIOl/Ge;rrrurrw urrfr .9;a;u uL@l6iJmw GTfiOT[!Jrrw ~1OlJ{iJm[!Juu{iJ{!fJ# uS/e;lOl/w uUJrilIe;ljwrrm t!LfhrrfJ·~wrr (yJa;w@UJ LD{!jW <'FrflUJrrm c!:pu/-6lj8;@j {ljrrw §!m~{D IOlJIj c!:pU/-UJrr:f})J.

{DfTW ~{6JG6lJfTlb. @mjf)1 [iJmfb uS/a;.#~ruGt;T 6J{iJ.f!)Jei;G'!a;fTw6lJfTrte;w, 6JG'!w~6iJ [iJ{i5fbei; <'h(!!jj,~ (IJJ@mw G'!UfT ~rnwei; G'!~tiJUJfTGfh' rOT"m G8iLLrr6iJ jf)1 a;(!J>j,~

51® LO{!jW ~~LD@9;a;rurrW.


~wwrr
{!j tSI!Drnlj

~biJru.'@rnfh.#

G'!~tiJUJfTafh, 8"n.jf)1li1[!JfTfr8iw.

a;, (!pe;w@LUrt

ei; G'la;rr6lJGtl \
LD{bj,ilGiJ

rOT"ro.f!)J @{i5~ei;a;w

~WLDiJei;li1{D:f})J.

~(!JJ8iLDi/UJ

G@JfbW 8"n..fl)J@J{!jrr i.# G'!~rrbiJ6lJrrfr 8iw. 8

~ rorr6iJ &i1 {!fJ6fu{!j6lJ fr 8im- G es fbrill 8i@!jei;@j.9; 8iL@UUL G6lJ~lSI-UJ@6iJmru. ~{6Jm'fb6lJfr a;@!jw, '{iJrnfb.# G'!~tiJ, ~ m {!j.# G'I~ til UJtt G {!j , rGT w.f!)J m U UI W 8iLjf)16lJ fh rr 8i.#

{DwUlei;rne; {iJGiJruITfh6lJfr a;m c!:pe;LDiJ]llJrt ~$ LD!J)Jj,{lirr6iJ ~1OlJ fr a; rn GYf ei; Q a; rr ro !J)J@l(j}irfila;w ' et ro !J)J @jlj tt ~ GiJ G'I{!jrofflQJrr c9i8; 9it.[!JUUL.IlI-(!!jei;~!D.f.5l. .,$Iwrt a;mw:'ii ~8;G$rr 6lIrr@!j8;G$rr @rnljUJrr 8;$rurrW. @~ {b1illJ!)J fiTW.fl)1 a;,_{!5lmrrGiJ

72
G m (!JJ8".Wj;J ILJrr 8".m, '~I!)J iQ_ffi 8;«!!j 6TU U lil-ii Q {!jrfilLf w? ffjGlJQ{Dm 6TUUlIJ- !E ~p51GlJmi.J? 6TrfiJa;m g6iJ @I!)J c'F rfJ et W .[[)1 c!Tn..[[)1 {DG {!j! ' 6T W.[[)1 G 8". U tt fr a;w. g} L ~ I!)J
IiirrfiJa;w

73
ururD8 mUJfTm {!jfT a; @@ti>{!jfTi,WW,
dP{Gm

~L

~ {!jW&>ruw

~I!)J

LILf W 6TmG611

6>JfTuJu '-! ~ti>{!j ~{i;{!j

6TW[!JfTGlJ.{fjJ

6lJ!fIa;mJ6iJ ~mfTru

[DwtSia;rna;c!Tn.L GlJ!fIrnUl

iQ_dM fiWlUJrnUJ g,rnLa;a;rufTW. UJrh{D @6VG1fl6lJ.


tSiwudJ!D GGlJdM(i))w. {DfTW

g6iJ uS!8".61f U fjJml.D1LJ tt m I!)J 6TW.[[)1 !Er5Ja;W W Qc'FfTWmm;i) ffjr5J8".m JJjJf6iJa;w @W~W ufjJmWlLJfTmfiWl6>J 6TW cuttt a;m Qu~ #i{!jfr a;w. @{i;I!)Ja;a;G~fT, ffjr5J8".m !Jjff6Va;m ~fiWlm iim{!j1Lf w6l1I Li..J UfjJfiWlUJlLJfTbUI!)J 6T1OM UfTrr a;m. 6TbUGGlJ
.fPJT6iJa;rn~ ~IiI-UUfiWlLlLJfT a;a; Qa;fTwGlJI!)J UILJWULfT I!)J. sr I!)J? ~GlJrhfiWl{D fj!UtSiL(i))U UfTrrUU{!jrha;rrbU ~~61fGa;fT6iJ

~1LJ6iJLj (!jfTW.

[DfTW ~[!5I6ljGlJ!fIrnUJu {DLti>I!)JQa;fTW~

{DWUfT{!)6lJfra;~L(!JJW G6lJdM(ElW.

urfl61fLm
G{!j6lJfr a;rn~ a;~fTmfTiWw

a;dM~t..q....#i{!jm

UJfT8;, 6T~{!j6l1l{!jWfTm

~llI-UUfiWlLILfu5)w[!5I @®UI!)J Ga;fTllI{DWLjGlJG1fl;{lj6ll/L ~ [!51G1fl6lJ [Dwt.5J {DfTii@a;rr


~.{fjJG6lJ UJ-ro/{!j «!!jru#i@rh«!!j [DGU6lJI!)J. [DfTW

LlJfiWlruU tSirpFr5J8".iifiWl{!ju UfT®rfila;w 6TW.[[)1 {Er5Ja;w c!Tn.[6IbUfT6V, (!JJa;wj;JUlfr 8".W «!!jfJfT6l5Fi6iJiQ_m~ !Ej;JQ{lj[6la;rn~u UfT®r5Ja;m et m!J)J u@rurorf/UUfTfra;m. @rn6lJ @fJdM(i))m fi:) {D~{!j1!)J er I!)J 6T W!J)J fjjfr UJfT6l5Fi I!)J a; c!Tn..[[)1 {D(i))GlJ ILJtt fr 6Tm !J)J Ga;L #i W fr
utttt a;w (!JJa;UJj;JUJfr a;m. @{i;{!j8= c'F8=c'FfJ6l1I6iJ fiWlUtSiG~fT I!)J. ~{!jrh«!!j, (i))W. ~ I!)J 6Trn{!jlLfw et ~ ffj ~ I!)J «!!jfJfTGmfT . a=fTV tt {!) fftwtDfTa; [D(i))6lJVfT 8". @®a;a;(!JJlIJ-UlfT

tD{Dw, 6ll/ rfl6lj, QWuJILfIDWfr61f .QGlJ,g;u W Qa; tt W fiWla;a; UJ6l5Fi {!jfiWlW fj!@GurrI!)JW iQ_UJ #i@UJG{!j fr .@GUG1flru. 6Tii{!jG1fl6M JJjJfGUa;~fT iW W [DwfiWlUJ#i .§;IT UJ6lJfJfTa; a; (!jJt..q....UJfT I!)J. Q UJIilILfIDW rr 6l1IG6lJG ILJ ~dMfiWlUJUl fTW ~rh{DGU G611dM@6lJ1!)J (!JJwGm

iQ_W~I!)J. u{!jrrG6lJGILJ 8;L(i))W. ~ WfTGU

~.{fjJ

{DWuS!LGUJ

~W~tfjJ.

fjj6ll/fJWfTa;8=

§:i~@u

{DfTW ~rn{!j ~!J)l

~rnL&;)G{DfTW.

UJ6l5Fi{!jfra;w fi:)~@$

UJdMIDWfTrfiJa;Lt4-

fj!(!!JGUfT I!)JW fi:)~@uul!)J UJliiOfI{!j~rnLUJ

@rurnru,
• Qu®rnLD

ffj 6l5Fi U LL U @®J;a;

ffl ro!J)J G GlJdM


(!JJ uuu ttI!)J.

UJ~m;~~fTr5J a;Lt..q....1U tr a;G6lJ

@®a;g}{Dl!)J

.fPJT a;61fW . @®a;a; son

iQ_rua;w{!)@6l1IUJ

~[!5I6lj~6ll/
.@([!j8;~{DI!)J.
~GlJ

6Twu@fiiJ{!jfTm

GGlJdM(i))W.

~p51fiW1GlJ6l1IL iQ_rua;w {!j@6l1IUJ

l' ~IOM!J)J

6TI!)J .@(!!ja;a;. (!JJllI-lLf in? ~ bUm;i) ~ p5161f Gu fT@1LJ 6lJiWGlJ ttest {!jruru, iQ_~Hi~WG1f)UJ ~ {!5J ~ I!)J 6TuGU ttIPl W UJ UILJW u(j)I8i/ {D.{fjJ er IOM!J)J Qc'Fmruru (!JJt..q....1LJ ttI!)J. uru G611 fiWI~ a;rorf/6iJ ~I!)J ffjGlJ{!5J6ll/(i))8i/{D.{fjJ. 6TbUG611 ~GfJ (!JJllI-61f a=fr 8=§:im
#irn{!) GfJ tt UJ~ 6Tro 6Jrh!J)lJ;Qa;rTwGlJI!)J{!)fTW a;iJG ffjfTma;a;rr
U ~

~@a;fTfJ g} {DI!)J. 6Tm6l5FiLw

Iiirw.!J)J

c!Tn.{DUU@ rffilLJfTlUW

§:Iffi@uu!J)l ~GlJbU !J)l @UJGULj.@{!jillfTGU m 6l1Iru rfiJ@!ja;rorf/Lu5) (!!J~.{fjJ G 6lJ .!J)JU(j)I &;) [!Jtt W . [DfTW ~ [!516lj d,frGlJLDfTa; 8= fi:){i;@iil!)J J ~ ~{!j GlJ!fIu1J6iJ Qc'F6iJ UGlJW. grua;rn~u tSifJLDfTIDWLDfTa; 6JtD,g;ua; Qa;rrWGlJ{!jfTGU 6J!Du(i))w Smwa;G1fl~ fDfTW [Dw@!j ~[!5IG6lJw. 6JQw~6iJ ~;{ljrnm ~{!jw 6T6UG1flru6>Jmv ZLuGlLJrr a;uu@#i@UJ [DrrLt..q....GU

{!jfT W

fj!(!!J611IT @uut..q....#i{!jfTm ~@6V

t5I[!J~{!jGlJW {Drrw.
umLU
u

c!Tn.[6IbUfTrr. ~bUfT6V

6TWbU

6TW

UI!)J

G6>J{!jriiJa;~~(!!J[iJ!J)l U8i 6TUUlll-iJ GJ{!jrflILfW?

G {!jfTW [!5I1LJ
.@([!j8; <iTw{D {5r5Ja;w U8i

@(!!ja;8i/[!J1!)J

U6lJ .. bUUJfTW I!)J 6Tm{DfT~, UJ{!ja; «!!j®WfTfr a;rorf/m c!Tn.LLW ~ rn f!i 6l1ILU U ru r;;3m UJ tt m I!)J . ~ 611fr a; t!Tn.!J)l6lJfiWI {!) 6TIOMmfT6iJ 6Jrha; (!JJt..q....1U , ~ [616lj 611!fIuS! 6iJ{!)fTW fDfTW tt I!)J

6T ffi8;«!!j#i

G'i{!jrfJ UJ6l1I6VfiWlru. ~[6I61f

{!jfT a; fiJ~I!)Ja;a;w ~{!JI!)J 6TWUI!)J w6l5Fi{Dw

[DWLj8i/{DfTfr a;w. ~_riiJa;~8;«!!j

6TW{D fj!W,g;u

611fT iJm {!j G6lJ{!jriiJ a;rorf/6iJ .@®uuj;J6l5I(!!jJbI!)J{!jfTw. rt fj!([!jGlJW .@([!j8;~{DfTW <iTW!J)J 6TUUlll-

Q611~uSJ6iJ
GGiI {!jr5Ja;mJ GU

GUfTG611W

6TWG[!J

[DfTroaT t!Tn..!J)JG611W. 6JQw6l5Fi6iJ

~p51Qj

~ [!51r;;3 a;m? fr

LD 6l5Fi #jW

Grill {D 611tt rt iJrn{!)

74
@(!!juuil6l5l®15~~rr~. G~1Dffila;d16iJ @15;'b estttt ;'b~1D @6iJ6l!)'lJ 6Tm-[JJrr6iJ LD~;'bm- 6TWU~G<i1rT Gl~d1u1/6iJ @(!!j15 il(!!j.9;a; wrrL.L..rrm-. @uuL9-~;'brrm@15IfJ.9;a;rn- an..!f)l~w [JJ<i1rT. JP!T 6iJa; ~ ett U tJ)r; LDrr 6m W rr a; .9; Gla; rr irr ~ 1D rt W uS/;'buS/r8iJUJ 6T6iJ~'lJ @~. [5rrw UL9-~flj (l:PfWl[JJu1/6iJ ~QJrt a;irr ulSJ-.9;a;6J1]6iJm'lJ. ~<i1rTrr6iJ ~{iJ[JJ6iJ uS/.9;a; iJ'lJtt ~mflj 6T@tb/lif8;Glr9irr~r(E) uSIa; ~(!!jmLDlLlrrW, ~{l5I6l/kJ,tt~LDTTm r9i(!!jtb/lif8;r9imm ~ .!f)l6l1ilLJ6U-mwtt. ~~1D~ 1Dtt.9;r9i(l:Pm[JJu1/6b ~r;rruJ[5/lif ~(!!j flj~~QJGl[5{l51~UJGUJ tL(!!j~TT .9;~lLJirrm<i1rTrt. ~u1/i:r.9; a;6m8;a;rr<i1rT ~{l5Ir§rta;irr ~u1/r;.9;a;r;;m-.9;a;TTm ~~@ ,g;mTTa; @151D.9; Gla;lTwma;~UJ tL(!!jQJrr.9;~ QJ[5~wmwtt. U rrua;m m u tJ)r; LDITr;;m-W ITa; 8; Gl a; ITW~;'b LD

75
(l:PL9-ILfLh. 6TWGru @[5fb ruCFf;iUJrrm LD{ht.D @(f!j{bG{hUJrrr9i Grumr@Lb. @~~Lb iJ!DUUIT<i1rTWfh~~'i'Du U61Jrt ~mLUJ ~ /lif 8Lfh Glf~ [D/lif. il {l5IUJ QJL. L..~ f;i {iJ® irr 8L~ W.!f)l , fhrrffila;w (I:P~GW[DJ: il.!f)l GlJI~UJffila;mmGUJ G~mrL9~{iJUQJrt a;';'" 8LUJ/r[5fh a;(!!jtb/lif8;a;mm 6Tmr6m &(!!jGUfT /lift.D (!pUJ6iJruf;i6U~,-~Q). ~~/r a;d1w a;®tb/Pi8;a;irr iJ.!f)l Gfhru/r a;~mlLJLb iJ~wffila;mmlLJLb u[iJ{l5IUJm6llUJfTa; @®[5fhlT~Lh ~6l!)QJ [D6brumQJ, ~~/ra;@8;® 8L{b6l/U~QJ. ~u5I~t.D ~ /r 8; ®6m tb m fh U U [iJ{l5IU Lf rfi 15.{fJ a; fT';'" GlT G~ mr@Lb. Gl ~Gl<i1rT~rru ~flj'i>ifJeyJrut.h'i'Drrw w[iJ[DmQJ ~mm iJm;'blLJLb GlJIGlT a; (!PL9-1Lf 8; Lb. CF®6m 8; a;L6l/W r9i(!!jtbm{h 6T@~.{fJ.9; Gla;rrirrGQJrrLb. ~/r8;®r;;m-8; a;(!!jtb~fhu Lfrfi[5.{fJ Gla;m;rrGlT8;an.t.q-UJ,[DLbLf~W!D 3Srrw 6iv@QJ/rL. uSl6iJ (John Stuart Mill) Gurrw[D f)(!!jQJrt, CF®r;;m- ; a;L6l/W 8 ~mLUJ rrQ{bw .!f)lLb,~ {i;fb8; a;(!!j~mfh ~e!.5JJ)8;a; (l:Pt.q-UJfTQfb~.!f)lLh an.!DrurrLh. ~e!.5tJ)8;a; (l:PISJ-UJfT fJ)J 6TW U6l!){!j [DfT~Lb f)~fJ)J8;Qr9irrW ~G!D~' ~mfT6iJ ~ /r 8;@5 r;;m-U U r; LhGl u tr (!!j d1 ~ ~ m su a; @!) irr u: t06f1 fh ~{l5IGlf8;® 6TL.ISJ-UJuSia; tLUJIT[5fh a;®#3fJ)J CF@jr;;m-8; ;LGlfrna fbrr~. UfiIDLULf 6TWUG'i'D ~{i;{h#J 1D~U ur;LbGlufT(!!jd1w uru~ {h#J GfljTT{iJ!Drfua;mm tb {hGlJlr;G~.!f)l 6TWm6llrr r9i @(!!j8;a; (!pt.q-ILjLb? [Dw (!P~ tLrn-m ~(!!j Lf#J'i'Da;LbGUfTw[D/Pi ~fJ)J. ~fWlfhU UlII-UU1D{iJr9irra; f)6iJQ6lIfT(!!jQl(!!jLb 1Dffila;w ~{l5Imru.9; Q a;rrrom-@ 6lI[5fJ)Jw mmrr. f)6iJGlQJfT(!!jQJ(!!jLb 1Dffil ;@!)8;®#J a fljrrffila;Gm ~m1Du UISJ-#JfJ)J8; Qa;rrirrmGlfLb G~mr@w. 6T6iJwrr LD~ 1Drra;d1w ~ {l5I6l1i [iJ@jLb Gl Utr fJ)J~rrm ~w .!f)l tLirrmfJ)J. 6T<i1rTGQJw~ffj @m~jJar ~{l5I6l1I[iJ®J: ilQ) 6l1I~UJffila;w ~(!!jG UrrQ)GQJ G ffjfTW .!f)l~w!Dm. [Drr~ Lb $1Lj Lb {DfTtba;fT~~UJ f)(!!jGUfTQ)Gru urr/r8;~G(DTTLb 6T~UfJ)J, [DWfJ)J LDmffila;@!)8;@jU GlUfTfJ)JruTTW f)W.!f)l {iJ®8;~ [D.{fJ 6TW umffj ~e!!>tJ)8;~[DfJ)J. ~mrrrru GQJ!J).J~(!!j LfwvW tL~LUJ 9(!!jQJ~

w ~~ ~

@~1Dma;UJ~. @1D<i1rTlTrru l1i~mlLJw ~U~~8;a;@!)W 6 U'lJ. LD~1D @W~ilmQJmrtJ:iI~UJGUJ ~~ fljmL.. GlCFuJ$}!D/lif. [Drrw GQJ~(E)GlJjJ)J GlJmtt J:8=lGUJ6Twumfh LD!D.9;r9i.9; an.L..1T /lif. tL~~W~UJ~LJ: CFlTttLf tLrom-mLDa;w ~mw~i)~w @15fljU uu1/{iJiJ G;'bmruUJTT$}!D/lif. ~~Gru [DLD/Pi ruTTtjJ.9;fWla;. [Drrw ~{l5I{b;'D w{iJ!D 6T6brurr LD;'b.9;a;(!!j~~.9;a;mwlLJw ~L~{l5I6l/gtt~LDITWfljlTa; @(!!j8;$}!D/Pi6TWU/lif ~~mru;'D8; Gla;lTirrma;uJ)w Glu(!!j~LDUJrr@5w. w{iJ!D Qa;lTirrma;a;w 6T6U rumh, a;L6l/W u{iJ{l5IUJ a;(!!j~/lif.9;a;w 6Trrururrw f)(!!j1hmruu ULCF LDITW~~. CF@j6m.9; a;(!!j~/lif ~ {l5I6l/kJ,ttru wrrw /PiW ~rruru. 6T~~)lh @ti>1h(Y:i(~mLDUJ{iJ!Da;(!!j~/lif8;a;@!)W Uru(!!j8; @~ G;'DmruUJrr a; j}(!!jUU1hrrrru, ~~mruflj.9; Qa;lTwms; ~ru{iJ~{DlLJ Lh ~~6m ~/Pi a;wiJ r; LDIT Jii {iJ$}!D/Pi. CF@r;;m-.9; a; a;(!!j~/lif ~{l5I Glf rtQJLDlTm fljrruru 6Tm-.!f)l iJrurt an..!f)l~!DlTtt a;w. g ~mrr6iJ ~/Pi LDm,ji){iJ® w{iJ!D1hrra;, ~.!f)l1D6U ~d1uU1hrra; @(!!j8;~!D/lif. LDm~iJtb® ~.!J)l;'D~rrw f)(!!j I.D1hGw uru(!!j8;@5~ G{h~QJ. 6T<i1rTGW~/lif ~~tta;@!)8;® @w{l5IUJmLDUJIT1h/lif. tLrom-mwu1/m- ~~mUJ~ {hlTffila; iJrur;rrGruGILI (l:PL9-lLJw; ~~{hGUJ ruL.iJUJWIT a;8; Gla;rrmr@ QJrr~ uS/a;J: iJrur;rrGGUC:UJ

76
Glldi1lJrr~ ~Gllwrr~ ~di1lJ [!JrrdJ8irrcl/~UJu utttt 8;8i (yJ~UJrr~. fjJ(!!jGurr5Vu U~L8;8iUUL.LGllIT a;w fjJ(!!jGurrruGGll 8irroourrlT a;w. j)..uGll tt .{!)J @di1lJ ~5V8iGLD IFtttt u dJIDfPl, LDrr!Drr1lJ~, <:!M.{!)J@ gL..m6li1LDlUfTW:tM; G1lJfTWjf).JU6li1Gll ~~Wii~LD ~~1lJ ~p5IGllrr~ £L~ITd;#iG1lJ. bT~5Vm£I#il.DfrW G{fjrrdJpJfiil 8i@5W bT~rn5V8;® !LL.UL.L~~ bTW.{!)J (yJ{llcl/~ 8irroo iJrD IT8iW. {liL.bLDrr~ t.uttr 8;8i (yJ~d;{li, gL~'7 &t..st-tiJ{fj, &iId>@8;8i &L9-d>#S <:!M~W iiffJIw [!Jw <:!Mp5IGllrr~ bT~m5Vuu@di{fju UL.@www. [!JrrLb @d>jl8;8iIwID IF®6lfOT a;LJiil/W!TrLL 8; gl_ 00 rn us uS! ~ rep (!!j G {li rr dJ pJ G LD. {j} d>{li ii G {fj tt W .f!)JW ~5V8iI~{fjrr W a;fT'7~ 8imfl UJ8; 8i(!!jiiffJI @(!!j8;iJ ID~. bTwG Gll {ild;{fju urnLuUlw 8ifT'7mrLDfTiJUJ 8iLfiil/~W roT~m5V8;@j fLL.UL.L..GllIT bTwG!D 8i(!!jfl> GGllooLq...uSt(!!j8;iJID~. ~wrr~ ~IT8;@j~.9> 8iLfiil/@!jW ~GllGt;- .• &wwG'7 8"n_{!5IIU:tMGUfT~ Ult;-U<§IFW bTWU~ [!JW.,gJj{l5JGllrr~:JL6lf6TI}"UULL {E/IT.9>@jmTa; 8iLfiil/GW. @d>{!jU umLuI.5I~V :JL..mrnLDQUJW jf).J QIFrr~ruii {li.9>8i <:!M6li1W di:f!)JW ~ d;;'!i {ffIIT.9>@j6lf6TU UfJ wG'! UfT(!!jGw. <:!M{!j{b@j~®6l.Iriil8irnwlLJw 8i®ii~8;8irnwlLJw {!j(!!j6l.l~ [Dt..D ~/p5IaGll. £L~rnLDQIUW.{!)J ~di;'!i GLDmgguSt~ !OJ!jrrGllffJI { !LooLITillfT~, ~~ ~d>flj8; 8iLfiil/GW. GLDmgg 6l.I~6l.I.j,m{!j8; Q8irr(j))di;'!i~ [DLD~ ~{l5Jfiil/. LDdJIDiL®Gllriil8i~W @UULq_.GUJ. iL{ljrr'7~LDrr8i, G{ljrrwJl)JW iL5V8iI~ ~rneFfiil/ ""'~5V~ @1U8;a;Lb bTWU:f!)J @w{l5JlUrnLDlUfTf!j repwj}).J.~ WfT~ ~rnflju UJI}"U8eF ~61f)6tJuS1~ QfljrrLITLju@ii1lJ &Lq...UJrr~. fjJ..uQGllfT® @[!5iUJ Q U tt (!!j@!jw {iJ diflju . I.5I )Ur§IFj,@ ~ww f .,gJj~ 9..uQGllrrw j}).Jw roTuGurr ~W LDrrp518;Qa;rr..m-@w @UJriiliJ8; Qa;rrlOffi(j))Gw @®8;iJW!Dm. ~wrr6'iJ Lrnr;-u@!fiilJWlflj (if!@IJWlLDlUrrWf!JfT8i roT(fjI.j)~8; Qa;rrlOffi Lrr6U, ~~ uitt /J)JUfT@ fiJ~rufT1lJ{fjfT8i ~(!!j8;@!D~' !OJG'!wwfDmiiJ @UJ8;8iW, tott j}).J U fT@ bTW /J)J [DrrW 8"n_/J)J UIJWlGll67~rufTW s-tt iT LjrnLUJ~6l.I.

77
@UJriil8irr{!j fJ?W /J)JLW Q {lj rr LIT u U (£iii ~G UJ ~ UJriiI@j iJW!D fjJW~!D [ljrrw Ljrfld>ffJlQ8ifTWW &Lq_.ILJW. {iJUJ8;8i~m1lJ ~{l5JUJ JiJ(JtDffi(£i Qurr®L._8iW @(!!j8ia; G6l.I1Offi(£iLb. d>{ljU @ I.5IJU8IFW ( (!JJ@6l.I~1lJ1LJ f)C!!J Q{!jrr@j@lUfT8i 67@diffJI8; W Q8irr..mLfT~ ~~ JiJUJriil8i (!JJl1J-lUfT bT~1lJ rnGllj,~ ~:tM fPl· @UJr5J(;!5W?~:tM LDfT j}).JGll{fjfT 8ifiil/W QlFfT6Uru (yJl1J-UJrr~. 671lJW GlUfTC!!JL.(£i ~~ LDfT Jl)Ju(j))w? 67rnGGll &@IJWlLD bTWUfPl 1lJr;of/u QUfT(!!jwrra; ~wwffJI· ~1lJdJ@jW iLWW 9..uQ6l.IfTC!!J ~a;@9Lb GlfljrrLITd;$PI @UJriiliJ8iQlF>rr~(j))Lb LDfT{l5l8;Gl8ifTmr (j))w @(f!j8;iJ{D~. ""'$PI f)GfJGGlllJWlwuSt~ uitt /J)JUfT@ ~~LUJ {!jrr a;Gl/to uut j}).JU fT(£i @~5VfT 1lJ1lJrr W "~WW $PI. !fIiT 8i@j~ 8ifiil/ usn a;Gl/w 1F®~LDrr S;fiil/W@(!!jUU~ ~ffJlGGll. UI(JU8IFW, @UJ8;S;W, IF>LIOljW @~Gll UdJ{!5I1U[ljLDjpJ 8i®.j)!!)J @!!)JGGll. '!3 ~$PIGllrrs; @(!!j8iliilIDrrtiJ' bTWU;'bW Qurr®@!jw ~ffJlGGll. @..uGllrr.f!)J {ffIIT8;@j6lf6T8; a;®diffJI 1F@j~ 8; s;®dirn{!j ~ru.9>@jGll{!j{b®U ui)rurrs;, B'rrrrudJ{D!!)J IFrrIT4mLUJm{!jj, {!jW@9Gll{!j{b@jU U@5Vrrs; [DW LDwiJ@{b@jW Lj.j)@a;@jW @®U@IU6Yf]8;@jW Gllm8iu5J~ ~W8;S;W {b®!iJ!DffJI' B'@j6lf6T8; IF>LGl/@9W I.5I(JU@!f.j)i)~ iLWW ,Mrnrn.j)$PIGLD !1iW LDmriiJ s;WJWe!j)6tJW a;rrmTUU@W ~G1lJ ~IT 8;@j6lf6TU Qurr®Gw. [DLD @.f!)J LDIOM S;W, 51.f!)J@.f!)J{b~ di!!)J GllriiI S;W @6l.IdJm!D ffJI riiI ~L.(j))~(j))wGUfT !!)J!1ifTW U(JwQUfT(!!j@!jLW fjJw!6I~(£i GGllfTtO. '!€ ~fPGllrr s; @C!!J8i8il!DfTtiJ' 67WUfbW Glu,!®w @!!)JGGll. 67illGGll [DfTW [DLD~ £LlOffimLD !fImrumUJ {lj~ {ijlmru~1U :JL6lf6T(JG6l.Imr(j))w. bT~m5V8i® iLL_UL.L LD~{ljW {bill!!)J ~Lq...uumL ~{!jrr(J jilJWl{!j LD!DdifP {liW mill ~i'cl/®di$PI G Gll.f!)JU i.:._ L ru 6"6rrT IF> . 6T mr ~ !iJ !Dtt W . fb ~ G{brrw ,g)J8ilwID {5Im5Vu5J~ [Drrw [DLD!!)JiL~mLD LD{Dd>~~@8iJa!DrrL.b. @di{b GGll.[f)lurr(£is;mw GGllmr@L.b 67W,g)J ~.j)mru{bL.b 8"n_ID~~mru. C!J!dJ!6I W iW U U L. (£i ji @UJ~mu ~L@~L ~Gll{bm!D

II

78 !!LWWUUJ- ~uJlPJ~Qairrmw G6lI~®W 6T~UG~ ~~~ Qa;rrmGma;. !!L~GmLDuJlru {Dm.b ~PJ~ 6TruGm<ruUJtiJ!DUfJW Q urr(!!JGw . .,,!p/ PJ~ 6Tru~<ruUJ {iJ{D !!L~~LD ~6isTGm61lT Q6lImJu u®~@Ji Qa;rrbirw.5;an.ti/--UJ 6lIUJ-a;rrrua;Gm {Dw.{9J G iOrr{iJ {D1liIa;m. U rf1f;W ttunb 6T6isT.!f)l{Drrw 8n...!J)J fil6isT{D unr £D{D1liI aim "'!p/~61IT~~W ~6isTwrr ~61IT~ bTrum<ruUJ£D{Dc'FJi@mUJ GWGM Gw S}/W Q6lI~U u®~.{9J6lI~!Da;rr61lT (lfIUJ{iJii/GUJ. bT6Um<ru UJ£DfDi06isT PJ#iU u®~u5IfiU, ~~rr6ll.{9J @ c'F®f;WU U®iluJl6U fDrrw 6T1liI®w {ffi{iJa; (lfIUJ-UJrr.{9J. {Jjw~ ~{iJ[D6U, [flmfD~, ~rr61lTw @6InQl ~Gm61lT i;~w bTrumruUJ!D.!J)J 6lI<D1TrTPJG#i fh(!JjW. 6T6UGmruUJ{iJ{D~!D[D6U, bT6Um<ruUJ {iJ[D !!L~GmI,.D, 1- 6T6UmruUJ{iJ{D [fl~fD~ @mQl {DwG~. @6lI{iJ~{D {Drrw QU[D G6l.Imr'-9-UJ ~6Um6U; 6JQ61IT~6U "'!p/~6lI fDW(lfl~LUJGm6ll. "'!p/QI{iJm[D Q6lImJuu®~:1fj GQJ~®W, "'!p/6'iJ6lIm~:1fjrr6isT. .,,!p/~mQJ#i.5; Qairrw~a;uJI~ ~WUJ.5; a;(!!J~~ @~. LJrfIPJ~Qa;rrw<D1T .5; a;ut-61ITwrr61lT 9~ .!f)l @~. bT6isT~G1fT8= ar!DuJlUJww6llrTa;w ®!PPJm:1fju u(!!JQJW (lfI#i6U bT61IT.5;® U6Uv;{] 61IT i;~:1fjG UJ a;[iJ.!f)l~ #iPJ#irrrTa;w. t5/ {DPJ#i@Iii6I(!!JPJG:1fj {Jjrr6isT 9(!Jj U6Uv;{]61ITWrrG1fT6l.Im6TmG{D Qa=rrfiUlii6I QJ~1E61ITrT. @uGurr~, bT61IT~ ~£D{D~6UGUJ .,,!P/uJI{i;~ Qa;rrbirQl~ aiUJ-61ITwrrm-~1Errm. ~ m-rr6U fillIGQla;~1Err S}/W ~fJrrli.J8=fiJ UJtt S}/w ~~:1fj .,,!p/tDI~G!DGifT, ilLf;W rTfilG{DGifT. ~{i;1E !!Lrua;~@ru a;rr~ W .,,!p/ tDlQ6lJru6Urrw bTlliIfil(!!J{i;~ QI{i;#i~? "'!p/~QI {DWu5}LGw ~(!!J{i;:1fj.{9J. 6T{i;:1fj~uJI~ {JjwJi@j QQlmJGUJ @®J;~[D.{9J? 9w guGw @ru~ru. ~tDI~ 6Tmu~ ~®Gurr ~W ~LuQurr(!!Jrii1fI6U .@6U~6U, W~#irnJLGLD @®.5;$J[D~. ~([!j6ll®W o::!)IuJI~6lIU U~LUU@6UGm6U. ~mww4Jffl®{i>G~ LDfilffIiOW ~~~ Q6lI4JffIGUJ Qa;rr~@ 6lI®~[Drr~. ~~ .,,!p/IliIG8iGUJ ilLwm~. 9(!!JG6l.I~m a;®fil6U bTLUJ-fiU 9® ulliIGa; @®J;a;J;8n..UJ-1LI ~ruwfillIm~uJl6U, 6J J;a;rT a;f;W J;a;rr61lT UfJ U t5/fiU U fJ{i;.{9J [fl tD®w ~ <ruWfJw

79 ~Lfillg,lLfbirm~. bT6Ururr c'FJ;il14w r;B/~~uJI~w ~LfliIg, u51(!!J{i;f!j~. !!Lu5IfJ~~w uSJa;u QurflUJ ~tDl6lIrrtD{DfiU ~LfliIfil ~(!!JJ;~{D~ 6T~.!f)l {Drrw 6J{iJ.!f)lJiQairrw<f!.5wGurr~, bTru~6U UJtD{D a=.:i;@UJW ~f!j~W ~Lr!iJ~uJI(!!jJ;a;J; 8n..LrriOrr? @(!!J.5;a;i;#irr~ G6lI~®W bTwum:1fj {Drrw .,,!p/tD7G6l.Irrw .@~ . (yJfJf;Wrra;~ GiOrr~{D6Urrw. ~61ITrr6U .@~(]6lI ilLdMmw. {Drrw ~6'iJG'i6lJrr(!!J6lI(!!Jw ~rT !!LuJIfJ@l1r;B/615/ ®{i;~:1fjrrGir Q6lI4JffI 6lI{i;(]~rrw. @uGurr ~ {Drrw Qu[iJ[!5I®J;®w ~!D[D6Ua;w .,,!p/ m61lT~ ~w ~~ru ai(!!JdM@ g,L~i061IT· !!Lf;WfillI615/(!!J{i;~ .,,!p/ ~ 6lI~~~ sr w.!J)J Qa=rr6Uru (lfIut-UJrr.{9J. !!L f;Wm6ll 9® w~ruUJ rr ai.:i; ®r;B/ ~{!jrr S}/w ~ @615/(!!J~~ 6J iOrr6ll.{9J a=.5;@ Q6lI4JffIuu@UJrr? 6T61ITG6lIa=Ji@, !!LuSJlJ~fillI6U G'i6ll4JfflUU6lnL tutr a;~ QiOrfllLlrrl45lL.LrrS}/w ~riiJ(]a;:1fjrr6isT .,,!p/~ .@(!!j{i;iO~· wrnJ iOw .,,!p/ uJI 1Err S}/ w .,,!p/ [!51 UJrrr;B/L.Lrr S}/ W "'!p/6lI611T ~ ~ ~ wwrrr;B/ru 6T6U6In6UUJiJ{D a=J;@ !!LW<D1T.{9J. [ ~6lIW "'!p/m~ ilLf;W®W @{D~~f!jU G'iurr .!f)l~G1E ~.{9J Q6l.I4JffIuu®fil{D~. 8iL.(ElJia;Lfilla;rr f!j @{i;1E .,,!P/IJ .:i;a;w ~ JiaiW a;~6U~.{9J et (!;¥i1l.{9J (]urrru G'iLD6UruG'iwru6U bT@~{Drr~, 1E61IT~ ~{iJ{D~61J ilLf;WtT fil [Drr 6isT, r;B/!ftiULJ U Qu.!f)l fil{Drrw. "'!p/6lJ61IT.{9J !ftiULJf;WrT@/ 1451 @Luu@{i;G:1fjrr.!f)lw "'!p/6lI611T ~~m a;w GLDwaw S}/W .,,!P/!f)J ~ u@$Jm[D61IT, aiL.LU UL.L lFr!iJfil615/a;w arJ;a;fiUaiJ;a;61Jrr a; ilL~Lfi1w [D61IT. "'!p/6lI6isT ~61IT .{9J bTrum61JUJ {iJ{D "'!p/[!5I~6lI1LfW ~tD{D~61J14w !!LfimrT{i;.{9J bT@~~ {bI[iJ@jW {Jjrrw 6lJ~aiO fh®w. ~{i;:1fj LDrrG'iu®w rK1a;!p#iI~UJ I45ImlJ~u®~~ {Drrw "'!p/~61IT6lJ(!Jjw ilLiO~ Gla=Ii.JG6lIrrw! [J

81
~UULlI-QUJfT(f!j f!j6UI ~WLDrra6lJ @GiYmGUG)ILJw (!Jltb{l5J~ ust a; UJ.!J)J.jj/!Jl6'5l@uruITa;m. @/!Jl ~L..L:i;;'bL..L @r5J(]a;, f!8 Go- tt UU tt 6'51 ru, Q u rr (f!j w ~ ~ ;'brn @jrom-(ylWUtb[!51 6JtbUL..L 6'5IroJJfT 1fJLD(]urrwfDG1fJ fiTwum1fJ (!Jlrnau an..{l5J @@j8;~aflJW. ~@j rJlrfl6'5I67ffir @jmTr5Ja;~i.@jU rJlrnWfTGiY QUfT(f!jW f}rn Jl)J @®8;~{D/!JlfiT~.!!)lW @j~riiJa;m ~m{!jaUJ c!Ft IT{6 iI a, ®Lb et ill .!!)lW an...!f)J fDtt ITa; 6iT • Lf) tb G'JlJrr (f!j t (f!j ~ f t.5!rfI~wGo-rr, G'Jurr®6iT IiiTwfD §!wG{D (]fbmruu1lGiYmGU, @j~ffiJ8;m ;'DrrUJrra;aru @(f!j8;a; (yl1ll-1Lfw fiTW ~illfDmIT. ~rnUJfTmruu utb[!51UJ uSJa;u u~mUJUJrT67ff 8;(f!j,jj;p 1fJtbGurr 1fJiJm;'D (self-identity) '~rrw [!jrrGw' ",~umflj ~Li/-uumL.UJfT Ih,j; Qa;rrGWL4JI. .dMfljfT6lJ~ a~tbmflJUJ ~rrww @wm{DUJ [!jrrW/w f}wafD; @wrnflJlU [!jrTrn;'DfTW ~rrrnmlU ~rr67ffrTa;lDljw @(f!juGuw. 1LLwt.5!ruliiT :i;;'hrn67ffGUJrr usr !f)J;'D~8;m q{bUL..Lrr~W, ~rr~T ~(]fb {ljfTwf!jfTW fiTw!f)J ~wy$)a{Dw. @;p 6Trumrui.@j 1LLUL..L ~mfT6iJ UrflgO-fflTLDfTrn;'D~UUL..L ~rnLDrrrnru {DWLf~WflJ t.5!rfl6'5IwrfJw (yl,j,~UJ eutr fljw 6TWJ)1 Gfljrrw J1)J~flJ/!Jl. LJf}H{!jW G'Juw:i;;'Drta-,6iT @:i;1!5rna;UJ Qa;fTWmlha;W Gfljrn6lJGUJ @6iJmru 6TWfDrrIT8;m. ~rrw ~{l5J{6~~, ~[!511U (!JlLi/-6lJ ~rnm iJ;pLb riI[i;{!j UJrT ~ tbflJriiJa;~61TLDL..@GW 6TW!f)J ~QJrt a;w eutt ilL..LJTir 8;W. LDrrtbflJuS/rururrfIj, LDfTflJ(!JJLi/-lUrrb, f §!® G'JufT®m @®uu~rra;8; G)lhfTW6lJ~ afbm6l.lUJ{bfD/!Jl. ~uuLi/f}(f5 UJfTflJrr;'DQurr@jw @(f!j[i;~rr~Lb, ~rn~ [Drrw f}(f!j(]urr;pw ~[!51[i;;pQr!1irrwm ClPLi/-UJrr;p. ~m~ ~[!51fi1J;P fiTrnww Qc!Frrru~{b@ju G'Jurr(f!j(]m @GiYrnru. @(]fIj ~O-fTliJj~ @rn.!J)l 3jGo-rruurrG&GiY f}® ua;8;W LDfljQJrriJr!1iW LD{b.f!)Jt.b ruL8'lUJ6lJrriJ8;@98;®Lb, LD.f!)Jua;a;w [DG1lm 1LLrnUrrL..Li/-67ffrt (Modern Positivist) LD{b.!f)JW ~~GC8UJQJfTiJa;~,j,@jLb @rnL(]1U [DL{5;P6l.l®roJJ4JI gU5J a;~Q;®:i; Q~rfJi1fw. LDfTfDf!j 5!rn.!J)l1LGWG'JLw.!J)JLb ~rn;'b

~~6lJEmO- ~fTLb QUfT ~6lJfTrn-Em~U u{b[!51(]UJ~@a;LDfT a;u UfTft:i;(]~fTLb. @W.fI)J ~6UlUULL~tb@jW QUfT~6lJfTrn;'D{b@jW1LWW Q;'hfTLITLJ U{b[!51UJ (]6lJ;'DfTJi;fh:i;iJ~ a;(f!j:i;rn;'hi. an..fDU(]UfT~(]{D~. Q~GYfI6lJfTa;~""i.a;UUL..L, @j[!51UrJIL..L "'~Emru.9;@j 1LL..ULL. ~WLDfT ~6'iJGQJmt 1Lu1I(f!ja,@jW @(f!juu~fTa;u UEm~UJ /!JlmroJJ~ GroJJfha,GaifTL..ufT@a;GYfIGiY an..{Duu@roJJ~utb{l5J ~fTW a;mr(]LfTLD. §!GiJQ6lJfT(f!jQJrfI~ @{5~:i; ~6UI ~WLDfTrnQJUutb[!51 "':i;fhmrn-(]UJfT Qa;fTwma; a;w "'@{5/!Jlw.",m! ~mrr~ uSJa;(!pi.!ilUJLDrrm c;5JroJJrr fljr5Ja;W G6lJf!jfT!!~Ih@!j.9;@jW Quw :iifhir 1hf€!!j8;@jW @mLuSlru qtb UL..L67ff. aroJJ;'Drr{i;iJa;w, 1fJ6UI LD~;'D ~WLDrr ~Wrn-.",~ GGUaUJJd.0-~ UJfT67ff IiiTW.!J)J ~ !Dwt.5]mrr IT a;w. Qum .jj;'bir a;6iT,
80

82 {IlfTW a;fT6ffi GlJrrQLDWgJJW f}® OJ rf/ o;E) IillIT an.,g)} JW fDlill rt. & fii eu rt a; ~ 6'6) UJ OJI} $I rff/@rJ UJ s: rIDa;..rr Q ~ fr u tr L L 6hJQUW8'fr (Herbert Spencer). a;fTwrJL (Cornte) ~WUbll6'6)fJ.ji ~6'6)rublllJfT a;J; Qa;mimLbllfr a;~tb @4rrnfDUJ ~tfJrJraUJbllfT$la;!§!!JrJLD LD{b{D OJrf/ruJmrt. ~GlJ ~oo@ a;@!j8;«!!J c!pro Q~frUfrL 6hJQuro8'®J;«!!Jw OJQfJLrflJ; ~rrrf/8'~J;@jw (Frederick Harrison) fii6'6)LuSi6iJ {IlL~1b eufT1brEJ 6'6) tt ~rID ,g;!§!!J ,g; e GlJr ,g;eu ffiI :iJ@ (I!j8; ,g;GlJt W . f t LDfT UfT@!J;f!§!!j8;«!!JUOJ rowrr6iJ &rJlJ QUtt (l!jrirr tLWW ~ ,g)} ~W gJJ f}(I!j OJrflo;E)lill®w, ~uuLfJf}(I!j Qurr(l!jirr rJ1brnbll uSi6iJrnru 6Tro,g)} LD{b{D Ulrflo;E)w(l!jw rff/a;!p:iJ@UJ o;E)bllrrbLn f .dP{rJ1b urnfPUJ OJIJ8:~mw1bfTw ~wurn1b .dP{pSI~@(l!ju U'fr ,g;rirr. LDrr{DfT '€j>wpSlro- ~m~UJ {lj rrrJrurJlLl uitt ,g)}urr@ ,g;rnw {Drrw ~pSllLl (!PLfJ-lLfQLDw f}® OJrf/~wfr an.gJJ@m {Dwfr . .dP{~ rJ~m6lJrJlLl fi]6iJmGlJGILlW LD.!J)lOJ rf/6'5Iwfr bllrr@@ $)ro-{Dwfr. LDfT.!J)lW f}mrn{Du u{bpSlrJUJ{IlfTW ~~@J;,g; C!PLfJ-UJw, LDrr{DfT {!j6'6){ljuu{bpSl {IlfTW ~pSllLlrJ6lJfT tL6ffifJGbllfT ~~Uo;E)8; ,g;rJbllfT (!JJL1I-UJrr ~m.{!)J .dP{bllfr,g;W an.,g)} )rofDwfr. ~ $

83 Qa=tiJ!iI(]{Dm', '{DrrG"U GUfTliIG{D4r', '{Drr4r ,g;w"¥ ,g;fTrom liIG{DG"U', '{IlrrG"U §jffrID®liIrJ{DG"U' , '{IlrrG"U ~rn8'liIGfDro' (!:P1b~UJ eutr J;liIUJrID,g;mw ~mLDuu{!jrr a;8; Q,g;rr..rrGbllfTw. @@6iJ Q8'uJ1bliiJ, GUfT 1b1iiJ, ,g;w6l.J ,g;fT6ffi6iJ (!p{lj~UJmbll uxt .[!)JliIro{Dw. '{IlfTW' ~G"Uu~ LDrr{Drr$l®J;liI4rfD~' ~wG6lJ @di{!j '{IlfTm' ~mu~ LDrrfDrr{!j f}G"U.[!)J, 1bmluQurr®w ~m,g)}w @~{!j LDrr.[!)JUfT@,g;w ~mw:iJ~w iLLmGlJ8: a=rrrT~{ljrn6lJ ~mJW Ln @6lJfr,g;w an..[!)J5JDrr rt a;w. @~ uS!ai:iJ f Q1bVi1f!6lJfTw1brr,g;, {Dwuii 1b®~1b{ljrraiii G1brrm[l5lwfTiWw, Qa=rrGUbllrom~iim{lj LDL@GW ~lJ}-uurnLUJfT,g;J; Qairroo@wG1T~. '{Ilrrw' ~wum1blLjw Qa=uJ1bGU,GurrfbGU, <I>w6!J a;rr6ffi GU(!:p{!j~UJ6lJ{bmfDUJ W a;rr liI1bii$lGU ~Vi1f!{ljfTaiU t5I rf/ ii~~ Lrurr w; LDW ii@GU U/ rf/ uUfPJ ~Vi1f!{lj6iJGlJ. {IlfTW 8'rruU/@wrJufTfPJ, 8'fTut51(jjlu@Jwrra; ~wmW8; ,g;rr~LnGufTfPJ 8'fTut51@6lJfPJLW f}wp5J~@§;)CfD4r· {Ilrrw rgj)@wGUfT~, rgj)LL(!PW {IlfTWJw G6lJ{DGU6U. ~,g;G6lJ {lj{b GUfT {lj eutt {lj(!:pw ~@ai bll~rnLD tLirrw 1brrai @GUm6U. tffimw6l.J 6lJfT {lj(!:pw 6lJ~6lJ{bfDrJ{!j. {Drrro- &®6lJwrr,g; @®J; §;)G{Dw ~wu1b{b® rff/mmG6lJ ~l.SJ--uumLUJrrmrrliiJ, {Ilrrm LD{D~~CUfTW U6U ,g;mf)UJffiJa;61f6TWm:J6iJ f}(I!j u«!!J@UJGUru ~m{DfT!i)v;8J@w. ®[l5IUU/LL @>!pIfimru,g;Vi1f!GU~rurt {ljffiJ,g;w ,g;L~{!j,g;fTruW (!p@6lJrn{ljUJ W w{DdifPJ~@rurn1bJ; ,g;rroo !i)GfDrr W. ueo mu:iJ@UJJ;,g;fTlJrT,g;w 1brID,g;mw J; ,g;rommr tt L1IwtWf){ljfr ,g;G1T,g;rJes tt GfiJ rurEJ,g;rrg;G6lJtr et rom~!i) fDrr rt,g;w . rr ,

w~

@di@UJrro;E)6iJ uS!,g;u urnfPUJ ,g;fTGlJ:iJ@~w fii~{!ju Qu®w OJIJ8:~mwJ;«!!J (!JJL1I-"¥ ,g;fT~UuL~liiJrnGlJ. ®~rEJa; !§!!JJ;@jU OJrowfT6iJ®mrffiJ,g;w .dP{6iJrurr{lj f}® Qurr®w tLOO@ ~roU{lj{b@j8: 8'fTm .!J)l,g;w @6iJrnGlJ ~murnfbJ; ,g;oo rJLfTW. ~~. LDL@uSlmpSl, {!j{bGurrfb(!JJw ~rnfb rff/erJiOJJ;a; (!JJLfJ-UJfT~.@ffiI, rff/mw~4r Q{!jrrLfr 8:~ @®J;&JfD~ ~ro-u {ljrriWw ~rn{!j !ffJ®OJJ;a; (!JJL1I-lLlfT~; .dP{{!jrrbll~, @ro-gJJ @®J;$)rofD {Drrw G{D{b.!J)l @®di{!j ~G{!j {Ilrrm{ljfTro-, 6;TQwm:J1iiJ ~rn{lj {ffIrnw,,¥ an.rt§;)(]fDw, ~WrJbll 6TroWJW Q{ljfTLrT 8:~UJrrw Qurr®w @®J;!iI{D~ ~mfD eutt {!j(!:pw<mJ_ ~rn{lj rff/®OJ8;,g; (!PllJ-lLlfT~.

~tJj{lj wml1bfr ,g;Vi1f!w @®uLj,


{ljrrw

>

Q 8'fT6iJruffiJ,g;fT fJ(!JJw bllrt fr :iJrn1b 8]rr GlJ(!:pJ LD: 9®bll ro , '{DfTror

@ro-QWfT®

6lJfT1bw @®J;liI[D~;

~fPJ

GbllgJJW

{ffimmmruu Q u tr .[!)JiifPJii @®J;!i)fDfPJ ~WfDfT6iJ, ~6lJm ,g;~~rrl.SJ--UJrr&J 6'5ILLrrm ~w{D6iJru6lJrr Bn.{D GruiW@w. @~ tL~rnLD UJGUru. ~mGru {!j{bGurr {ljW ~mu@ tffimm6l.J ~WWW 611 rn W ILl {b[D 9W rn [D8: a= rT~ {ljfPJ et m .[!)J Q,g; rr W G1T ~ tt (!JJIJ}-UJrrfPJ. ~wG@J ~6iJ6lI'l6UJ;® !£LLULL ~mrr..u {KI6lI'l[D<Ujw Q{ljfTLfrj~UJW tLWG1T ~WWfT 6TWU6ll'l1fj8;

84 @j~rua;Wldl®tE.1fJ GGlJ.f!)lu LL<jjfT a; @r:f!jt.5l#,a; C!:PlSI-UJIT fPJ. (§ff)1fiJUJ1bITm-,@!)mrrfua;@!jLrill r!In.llJ-UJ, ;,TliVGmW.9;@J m....L_uL..1_

85 ffn_.f!)1GlJ~ GU IT(l!jwdJfJJJW. GTm'5IDfWr {lj/TIill ~ rn- WIT GTm-.fl)J rff/mW8;@jwGulT,gJ ~LLiJLj LDrm!D{5tp} .mJ@€iJ!Dtp}; ~L"u

&m~!D !brnD tfI®t5J#.CT. (ifilll_UJfT~.


w0Q (DfT(!!JL.{(lJw Y;6lIlWUlI!bl!r Quw ~ibrT 81~m- 6lJfTfhriiI U 81j, a{DfT~ .f!)Jlilro!Dm@jfiWrua;~w ~ {!js5J1J GrOlljJ)J GT ~SJfW [9W8;@j:!b Q{!jrf/IUIT~; Q {bifl ~i!jfQ a;rrwlDfTGlJw (!PLSj-1ll tt~. 4rufWr{!5lSJf81W w£D.f!)J W 9LmT iT ci=&181G1r Tm .f!)l ~my>.9;81i.Ju(Elfi}6i:ir!D ®~ti;J81Wlrm 6 Q{!jIT@j@GUl ~rn-WfT GTrn-uG:!b .,m6lJrT ai~W 8i(!!Jj,@. @~~ 6lIlaiUl ~® Glibrr®@GUl ~mLDrr. @tE{!) ~rn-LlJrr Gl:!bfTLirih~ LDfTp5I#,QairrmrrCL @@8;@!D~' ~rn-wrr u{bp51UJ~j,mQJ:!b.9; QairrwfWICT. @tE15 @lJro-t(j)J CT.@;i,~#'CT.m6TTIl1W @mfiW a.@{D~. Qurr (!Jj~1i>Tr ~ffbm @j6WT ~@d1(!JjtEgJ f!jW1j,.1fJu U/ rflj,~u um'r.9;ai C!PlSI-UJfT i!V; UJ tt .!J)l Urt (j)J, u: rr .f!)J Utt lSI- m miD m L UJW ~ G !J ablJmmu5JGiJ @6lIl1iim.9;81 (!:pL9-lUrr.tPJ; ~ mfTGiJ, Glurr®G1r GT;;ru .f!)1 ~I my; 8;6>U u@fitro£D .g)J ~ G Gll15fT;;4r @jmTW, GlUfT@j~J.b .$II{Dm @j~(!jJw @1J;;WL"uro-{ii;b{!jrrm ~~mQJ@u5I~ a;®j,!JjJ. WfT.J!)JULfT {!jG:![J WfTg)lU@Q.I:f!jfTCT.GlJW a15rrrn-jJ)J~fD.1fJ· ~l1I-uu;rnLU G'iUfT®Grr[T(m ~ih:f!j wrr{DfT15 G'iUIT@W t.5J!Jurt!;a:~iJ~(!!j$~ GGlJJ!)JULL~ .,gIJ.vw. a{!jrrw jJ)JW g)_mrrml.Du5I,ro)@~~ WITJ!)JULLfljGiJru ~J!)JiI Zl..rommw. ~.f!)J® IILmrmwGUJ G:fljfTmJ!)Jw iLmrmWUJrrai

,9;W uSJa;tOlJwtQlJfi!5lrnwlLfmLUJW6lJfT

Siw~

W WfT GT6ID"!D &m- .f!)J {ii;(!!ja.€iI!D~, ~gJ LDfT fljgu. I!Lliimir ci=g)81GTr,~@1 Wil.llfu81W fJJrr GT GtrGl{DGiJrumh
ett ~. ~

~ ff:/Il.fm

9L~rT #€iK8UJ wrn!D{iJ~.mJ@1iI !D.!J. g_J_L6U &>_mT ir #ii1l.DmfD UJfTW"u ~WLDITrnGlJ fjJ(J!jfiillfJlT5J)lw ~mrlJ ey:>lSJ-lUfT~.@j6mt!J 0 a;GYfIroirr ~W1UGlJW WmiDu.1Trw6U Qurr®liilfIroirr ~~u~(!JJLb UJfT(!!j#'@jW liImL8;8ifT.tW. ~/JmfiillffbiJ {Ij;i,~fiilJi3$Jrn um!_pllJ a;u5I.!f)J-ufTwLj .2._(!!jQJa;w @$~J; 8i@i;rrn{!j @rnww !Jjw[!Jrr a; roJwa.@jw. fJK!5fiillQr a;t8IJbmflJu UfT WU fT8ia. <J;fT@jlJwGurr§IJ 8iu1l,g)J lIJmfJJit~~@~f{J.1fJ; a;u1/,ff)J ~rm,g)1 ~GlilfrWJwaUfT §U unsou lIJ sri {Dit §U 651 @ ~ {D.tW; 8i u5J .f!)1 u: L@GLD @ (J!j .9;$I fDtp}. ®1J,*,CLrr eyJm-G!DfT @®J;@!D.tW 6T~!D a;®j,_~,. ~w~ ~!f5JQj#' @jmfD~,;r;rrrafil)aUJ ~rbu@$)fDfffi' /DfTW ~ru[iJm(Du U0a518; (]8iwbl1)uULL9-(f!juGurrw, 4~ffb8itiiJailiilflru ulSJ-/1~(l!ju Gurrw, ~<fDwrr-u ~~rnwr6laruGlLll!LL6U, ~tWUlrr GT6iir.f!)J ~I]"~@ @®uu{IjfTa; GTmmrQ/w 1hmruuu@i1G!DfTw . .2..mmwuJ1GiJ @:Ii;~ma;UJ @lJmr@ G5rr~{Ij =,,~UGllW ~6iJmvu; fLLtmru I!Lmrir8i)GfDfTw~GiJrufffi ~WlDrm>1iilf ZLmrir8ilG!DfTw. riJmflj §/@jt5JJia; ent {hrfu<!J>w GT ~6l/w (]1hm6lI uJ)rurnGlJ. ~a;~ LDw~@GwalU I!LmTrr[tfbJ Qa;rrwmGlJfTlh. [EriiJ8iw1L!fu8imw ~m-UJfT6lJrr8i, fLL'i6I'ii6I®{i;B tSlrfl${Ij ~tDiT!!JfT!J, /tmwUJrua;m. ~UUliI- @mw.j;a;GblJ (!J>L9-UJfTG~rr § ~66r lJ)JfbITW ~IJLiJuiJil6lJ G{hfT6ifr.ff)Jw. 6]'G1JjfT ffl®mwlJ fT-U (!JJt.q...lUrurrw. ~QJira;w fbffiJ8imtOff ~mwfTQ/rr!J, ~mr®w GUfT ~ ~rurT ai~.9;@j D-L6lJ !&!m~aQJ @(!!J8;a;rr,fiJ. ~!p{i;{Ij
,Jrl1J

UfTira.<J;uu(j)llb ~a{!j ~6ID"LDfTG6U. !Jj1..D8;@j ~mWIT#'8i@.9t.1 {ii;®uUffblT8i {brrw GTOO""oou Uy>IiI..wLGLfTW. ~61frrT6U lQ_6n'lrrmwu5l6i> {i}C!!Juu$JjJ 'f1!mGtD. fljfTrm GTrn-mw 9LLW4 6TW .[f)J rffi6J)~ a.@jwGUfTf!)J. j9mill fLLWLj LDL@GW. fDrr6N GGll.fl)J 6;fG1Jj1T &ro.!f)J GTw.fl)J
gu_GiJ81~t.b

GfDrra.ilcil@0§

UJrr(]vurr, ~6lJfil).f!Jl wC!!J0.f!Jl8iGfr &WLDIT a;C26lJrr 8'lruGfDlJru 8i6lff6lJ i)rurr 6J51Gwrr1JjLDrrffi LDfilltik~6lJ8iWl6U !iJ(l!juum1fj $tiiJ.g:;w G8iW~uuLt.q...®8;a;wrrw. fflC!!JaQJmm urnt ~~w @®8;8i61Jrrw. ~QJr'r CT.tDtf1m ~guUSlJffiJ.g;tDtf1d1C!!Jt5~ ~m-6!SJf{J $riila;w GJofbrfi!6@ G)a;rrwm &lSI-ILIW. ~fiillrt c9iGYr .,g}{e:.(!:fJ8iwrr ; a

86
~ G'l~MGUJ ~n;i)rovrTLb wm!Dt5~ Gl1J@~!D~. ~wG!D gufrrm~ 6TdrUIM @~.£J®t5IM Gl~M ~rr~!DIM· dJ)/t5~ ~wG{!J WiU lL®~ffiJa;Mru a;rr~uu(fj)~{!JIM' ~ t5~ U u ruG eu.!!)J lL®~ ffiJa; m <f!i W r!F. tt (J~ a;rr rfJUJii rr Gl~rrLrtGlnU 6f[bu@/J~~W!Dill. a;rr(JfillTa;rrrfiUJ/J G'l{!jrrLrTl..{ 6TWUIM urflfillTrrLDGW. ~W.!J)J w[bGl!DrrW[Drr a; ton .!J)JruG{!j. c_.~_ _ __ ("'\. • __ _ _ 1!t-'''V\.D~llmw a;6Tf/rova;rr(J6"ffl"LD WGln!D~IM Gurrrovrr 8;1 dJ)/~1OU @L/J@ru, a;mfiUJw 6Tr§tiI rf;/[b£J[DIM. @ffi1fj lLL§W8;@i8; a:.rrl]'6"ffl"W~WLDrr 6TWU1fjrra; Glnruii.{PJ8;Gla;rrooLrrGU, dJ)/{iJ~ G{!j(J/J@IiJ@j ~WL£Jrr WWl[Dt5~ lLLru rf/mrov8;!i:I!D~; lLLru LDWl[DlLfwGurr ~ ~wwrr 6Te§ar8J[DIM.lLL§WW ~WLDrr€1fW ~}(JOO@ 6TW UWl)ilj w.!!)J8;!i:lW [D G'lUGTT /J)iljrTa;ww eutt 1fj/J ff;lIiJ@iu Uf)GU @IMGru. (ilffiJGa; ~(!!jWlL£J L£J .!!)J8;a;UUL@ G'lurr®m LDIiJ.[!)JW @jfillTffiJa;irr 6TWUGlnru urov lL([!jruriilaiMGU G1fjrrw.!!)Jw ~wG[D 6TWU.{PJ a;rrLLuu(fj)fiI{D~.

87
i/[!5IUJ, <flj1iWfl ~WWfT8;aimWuu[b[!51 {!jrrw Qa;rrOO'4-®8;r:!!JW ff)JWl6ll)ilj8; a:.®iiIP8;aim61f <;TWill c;;,a:tiJ~~? ~Wlru @0iiJ rum €1f §;Iff)' W (!j wm wu U [bpSI ; Gla:.rr 00 L!J-C!!) 8 8;&ilm [DfiIfr. ~~tjJWl[DlLfW {!jrrw a:.L{iJ<fljrra; G~oo(fj)w! (!JJ@mw 6TW!D {Elm6lJuJlru {!jrrw ~¢IrutjJ[D~rT a:.m 6Tm um<flju urrrTiiCl<fljrrw. ~filfrrrru (!JJ@WlWuJIm ur:!!J@a;mrrai, ~wa:ffiJa;61frr ai @C!!)t5ff)JG'iairroo(]L dJ)/ySi6lltD{!J $trnQ)fiilf)UJ ~mLUJQjw Gl1J(i!jwl_ffilCl[Drrw. @riil@fDrrm L5/(J qtilWlm 6T@fiJ[D~. {ljrrw 6TGUGlf)6lJILl!D!DrurTa;m, ~~G~ {!jw~ 1lL00 mWlLlrrm fb~ii~~w 6TmUGlf)<flj8; a;ooGLrrw. ~mrrru [i}{iJ)iljq tiI{!5IUJ ~mWrr8;a:.m <flj~UJrrai {iJ®8;ai Clrumr(fj) G'lw dr .f!)J w ut.:« )iljutt (fj) u(J)l~Cl [Dtt W. ~ (iJ fh8= 8=1 pSI J U ~ W iott 8;r!F.m ~63f) UJ rn Glf)~ 6Tw!Drr j)ll W G/)iljrr LrT t5JPJ tr ~mrTt5~G'la;rrooC:L (il®UUGlf)<f!i {!jw~ @ma:rfI ~wuruii )iljrrru ~pSllLfwClurr~ ~Wlru 6Twrn~rrfiJW[Drn? ~Glf)ru uitt .[f)J&ildT{!Jm, wrr{Drrwj)llw @®8;&)W{Dm. GfD[b.!!)J.@®ffi~ {!jrr~ fbrrdr @W.!!)Jw @(!!j8;fiJG!DW, ~ mrrGU 8=1pSI.tM wrr[!5llLfw @®d;fiJC:!D~' @uGurr ~ ~Wlru)ilj8; G/airrwmaiGlflUJ G5/L(J)lroJ(J)lGrurrw. @ffifb 6TGU6IJrr wrr{b[DffiJa;@!J8;@ fiJGlflL u5J §WW wrr[Drr <flj~dr.[!)J lLmw.tM 6TW.!!)JW l..{@ILl urfJ~rrw rurrfhiifj)mu'4'{!jrr~' 6TWU~ Q~rrLrTffi.tM wrrpSl8; G'lai tt 00 (J)lw 6l1I rfl ffi.tM Q a; tt 00 (J)lW eu ® &) m[D ~ W.!!)J 6TwumfDlLfw QfbrfJt5~G/a;rrmGrum.b. ~® tiluL5/-lLuJlrfim~@dr (mollusc) urfl~rrrwGw l.D~fDm 6TWU.tM lLOOGlflWlLlrrmrrru ~!6~ 9LuJI®w w63f) fbWw ~drG!D; WWl<flj63f)rudJ)/ti>15 l!Lu1IiT ;_&a;liilJw "BI,flrt~®J; fiJ[D~. ~OiiJruw€1f<fljrr dr. 8=1uL5/- llLu5I rflrniifj)~ C!!)t5.tM w~ fhm ruGlflf)', 6TGUm6lJlLltjJ[DGlf)~ G[DrrBifiJ ~(!!j Gl~rrLrT{iJfD 6l1IrflQj lfLW61f.tM. 6TmGliilJ @t5fh 6T6Urn6IJ8;@i9LLULL ~mwrrmru, 6T6UGlf)6lJlLltD!D fb63f)iiJPJliilJiimfb G{!jrr Bi~~ G/f,!jrrLrTffi~ roJrf/ru GlflL{iJiPJ Qa:GiJj)llw fh63f)~~IiilJW 6TW.!J)J an.[D6lJrrw. !d.f)'~

~dH;lf)!D8; a;rr~wGurr

, ~$1fj uur [Drr)ilj {IJW GlnL£J,6T dr U 1M (!J1(!gGlnLD8; r:!!J/J ~rrw G'lurr®{iJIMGLD )iljG5/(J,)ilj~UU@@8;r:!!JU Glurr®{iJ{IJrr~ 6Twum1hlLfW {!jrrw a;ooGLrrw. wrrIiJ[Dw, (ilUJ8;a;W ~ruIiJ pSlo6l(!!j{iJG<f!i U@jiJ 6TW{!J a;(!!jii~ G~rrw.!!)J$I[D~. 6TGUm6l)8;@j lLLULL dJ)/Wlmj,m<fljlLfW {!jrrw ~pSllLl6lJrrW, lL~(J6l)rrW. 6JGlm~ru ~m~ wrr.[f)JUWlIiill. ~mmiiJ (!JJ@mw 6TWU~ wrr!Drr <flj)iljrr ;/J<fljrrW ~(!!jd;ai (]~oo(fj)W. a 6JGlm~GU ~m<flj~ {IJG5/(JGIiillGl!Drrw.[!)Jw @GUmQ). 6TmG~ GruGl[DrrW .[!)JL~ Gl)iljrrLrTl_f 6JIiJUL@ uut .[!)Jurr@ ~mLILl IiillrrtiJul..{w .@6iJWl6U. wrr[b{DW 6TWUIM <;TuGUfT ~Gw wrr[Drr <fljfjiwm[D ~6'v"V$i «!jfiilf)[Dliillfra; wrr.[f)JW ~drm{!Ju GJurr .!J)J/JG<flj rf;/r!F.!iJfiI!D . JPJ
6Trn(]1iill ~/JGlnQJ<fljd; a;([!j~~uu'4-, ~~wrr L5/(Jur§a:w <flj@Gl1JUJ~, L£JrrIiJ!DuS/ru6UfT<flj~, ~¢I~IiJ[D~ 6Twum<flj (!JJ'4-ffi~~Wl(JuJlGU rf/e!!>L5/d;aiG1)rr <flj~ U U LL W. Glurr ®irr u[b{!5l/J~rrrW tiI(JWW lOJ[bu(fj)w. 6TGUmQ)8;@ IlLLULL,

88 {lj~~~@JW fiTroUu~ @{5{lj fiTGiJ~<ilJUl{iJ{D6(f){lj -dMmLILfW Gurr ~{ljrrroU ro;r{iJu(JiJ!i.) {D~. ~ m-rr5iJ 615iJ6(f)6IJUl{iJ[!J{ljroU @{5{ljU u8;er.iifil5iJ ~~ G{ljrrLtT{5~ LDrr{!5l8;Ger.rr~@W @JWtT!E~ Ger.rr~@w fiJ@8;$)~[!J ~~!Drr er.G@} 1LWW~. {ljW 8;@jc!:proU G{ljrrroU{!5IUl G!D{!5I8>mW fiT..v<ilJm.nlFWIJ lFU U@/J@Ul~ ~/Jm@Jflj G@J{!jrr{5{lj~@roU ~{DUL/8>I€!!JW @j{!5lutJI@wulSf-UJrrw 6!w{Drr@jw. UG'V @Lrfila;6YfJGJiJ @~ {ljii~~ 65iW 8;c!h~f}{iJ@j 1L{lj65i GlFtiJ$)!D~' ~<ilJ @LJkJc!h6YfJ5iJ ~~{iJrn{D,ffi {!jrr 8;@j$l{D~. Umtmrrr W eutr {!jLn er ~!f)J !Erfila;w -dMmY;8;$)~!D c!hC!!J:iJm{ljiTrfuc!hw umy;uJ {lj,ffi~~ (§rr~lLJtT f ~tDI{5iJC!!J{5{!jrrfr c!hW. ~{!jrrfiilJ.fPJ fiilJ~rtT#~ 61~U~ Gw5iJ6lJ GLD5iJ6IJ, UlSf-LJU14-UJrrs; tffic!h@Ln fj)~.!f)l 61~U.f91 ~~fr c!h@58;@j,ffiGfljrfJ{5~@{5{lj~. 61WG@J c!:p{5m{!jUl GfDtDlc!hmw lFLDIJlFuu@~~~ilGiJ -dM~fr c!hW l'F(j)JuLLrrir c!hw. umy;Ul c!h@~~8;c!h@JJW 'fj)roUm[!J8;9n.L ~~fr c!hW 65iLGJ1!5iJm6IJ. @{5{!j/J G'I{!jrrLtT!Eflj @Jwfr#~, 65irflQj @~{iJm{DU U{iJ{!5JUl ~ {!5l(8~rr ~f!)J ufiilJGwrr 5iJ6lJrr f} ®{5{lj.fPJ Q UW ~ flj LD{!jii iI~ {!jfiilJ{Drr@jw. ~{ljmrr5iJ, #jrfuc!hI€!!J8;@j C!:P~Y G'VLfilUliim{lj (8!Drr8;~# QlF~{D~tTc!h61fl~ Qc!hrrWmc!hc!h@L~ L/ii{ljLD{ljW f!J~mw8: lFLDlJlFLlu@j,{!j c!:pUJG'VGJ1!5iJmG'V. umy;Ul QfD{!5Jc!hW UUlW{iJ{DmfOlJ, [brfil$lmy>uumQ/ fiT~.!f)l 9n.{!5l fjl~8;$U ULL61fT. ' (hrrm-

89
fOlJWIJ (8fOlJ~14-uS/®8;~fD~; (yJ(hro6l5iJ LJ~ULIT{lj rfu$61fI5iJ Q/WrT ~G [DrrLb, ~@J{iJ {!5lro6I ®{5~ fD~mLD Qu{iJ!f)J, gJ_UlrT{ij{lj{ffim6IJ8;@j fOlJ®§ilG/DrrLb. 61wG@J uy;mLD uure: Q$ITwm$$mwILfW ~ftmfiilJ{ljw fDL'_YLroU @Jl}"GfOlJtb
6T6fuGm"

§iI[D~ . .f!)JmQ/{!j(!JJw, ~{D{iJ® C!:P~tJI®d>fb LDtD!DtJlmQja;@!Jw ~~mQ/{h G@J{Drr!E{D~$I5iJ ro;rtD.!f)l8;Gl$ITGYrwuu@§iI~[Dm; ~{ljlJfiilJWl8;«!JLn riT6fuGm"iiiJ5iJ ."g>J6V6IJ,~mQ/lL/tb ~GI}" 1Lmr mUJuS/ro Q@J<DTf/uurr@a;Gw, ."g>J .j}6(f)@J{DW -dMmL!E

;pww ~G{D

c!:p14-6lja;~8;@) fOlJ¢J~@jljumfOlJGlLJ $ImG'Vu1IG6lJGUJ ."g>JmfiilJro;r{iJ.!f)l8;Qa;rrwwuu@fi)rofDW.

riT~fD

fiJ

UJ{lj 65i~ Ul~f}5iJ @ii{!jmc!hUJ 61~ tmr W uS! c!hQjW Q$IT@mLDUJIT61fT.ffjJ. L/$IUJ ~{D{ij{lj 5.C!!Jj,~8;$mW ~mL{E {D.fPJ , ~ ~@Jml}" W {!jIT roU c!h LU tJI14-ii{D a;C!!J.j}.f!)J8; ~ a;w fiTru6IJITW [bmLDUlITmm~, G{!jmilJUl{iJ{DmfOlJ 6T~.JJ)J LD~{D~ ~tTLDIT~ii.fPJ65i@$I{DrrroU. ~mfOlJ @uGUIT ~ 616iJfOlJW6lj u~ULrrflj{!jrrc!h, G{DrnfOlJUJ{iJ/Dm@JUlrra; @®!E{DITiJ,llW, ~fOlJ~ @{ijflj 1LUlrT{5{D {ffim6IJ8;@j @JC!!JQ/{lj{iJ@j mQ/ ~ 6T6iJQ/W6lj J!L{ljGJ1! CFtiJ{lj61fT,(8{ljm~lLJrrc!h @®{i;fljffi 61m-WWl{D ~@J~ Q [tlmw Ih~u urrtTuuiJirumGIJ. [fjrrw 6TruG6IJIT®tb @UU14-GUJ

LD~{D @WW a;L!E~G'lCF6VG'V GQ/~14-Ul fiJ{5{Du U6VG~!f)J u14-$mw fiilJrrY;is.f!)J8;a;~L~ fDrrw q,rr 8;8; GQ/mr@GLD {h1iil1!1JCFITUis.f!)JL~ ~ru6lJ. riTwG@J fi;{5{D .f!)Jm~J{D8; 8>®ii~8;q,GYr 616V6IJm.bfl!®Gurr ~W GJ1!6IJ8;8;UUL 6l5)6Vmb"U, /D8;8;mf/8;8;UUL6ljW Y fi;6V6(f)6IJ. ~m@J ~{Drr{5{Dft .f!)JLW fiJmGm"~G{D U~@IJLDIT8;' m~8;q,uuL@WWW. ~roUJrr 6Trum6lJ8;@j J!LLULLf[)J, ~wrrru {!jwmwGJ1!ru k:W ~LDITW.f!)J riT~{D .f!)JGIDfiilJ{lj8; a;(!!;tfj@{b@j GQ/{brr {E{!jisj;l6V @LW cM<DTf/8;8;uU@~[D.f!)J. .f!)JmfiilJ{lj/J@~ul1J-, LD~{ljm @fDffi{!jtJIw GQ/jJ)J gJ_6IJa;rfiI a;@!J8;@j8:G'llFru§il[Drrro. @{5{lj8; q,®is.f!)J8;a;w (8fiilJ{!jIT {5f!jisf}5iJ ~uul1J--GILJ c!p@mLDUJITa; @LW GlurD.!f)lWWW.fiilJWrT#~ ",roU6(f){lj ~iimw{!j QfD{!5l ro;rtD!f)J8;G'la;rr6lrfiilJ{!jrr6V @!E{!j8; Gla;rrw ma;a;@wro;r[iJ!f)J8; Gla;rr wwuu@§ilroU{Dw, ~fiilJ [iJ{!5J rD @jrflUJ @LW ~61fI.$a;uu@§ilro[Dw. ~m~lLfw J!L6lWmLDuSI~ f}® fiI{l51UJ u@jil6(f)UJ b1@is.f!)J8; $rrL@W{!jrr a; ~mLDW{!j/Tru ~mfiilJu/w ro;r[iJjJ)J8;Qa;rrGYrwu u@§ilm/Dw • .f!)Jm~f1j8; q,®ft@rou14-, @ffif!ju UJl}"ur§a:w egLU G'lurr®w ~ru6IJ.f!)J lF8;@uSlro UGIDLUY, 5J® @j!DJUUJL_L lFrfua;GiJutfjilroU 6l5)6(f)WUJITL@ b1roG[D q,@{ljUUL Gt5lJ~@W. ~£5{lj# lFffiJs;ruU(!jJW tJll}"uc§lFtfj@ro6I®Ih.ffjJ GfiilJ[Drr6M s;a~ {ljrr

90
a;®{!jUUL GGlJGW(£lW. @~:fb G{Drrei;&IGiJ umr .jfljrrGiJ fj)@ LDroI:fbW :fbW~ffi @[Jdrir(£l @UJ61JLJ ;w m....~LUJQJ6"5T a; a rr ~:fbrrGlJfPJ m....Lru, ~WLDrr ~W.J!)J @1J~Lrra;U UrrrTei;a; GGlJ~(£lW. ~roLDrr ~WU~ ~GiJ~~d;@i m....L. __uLL{!irra; @®!5{!jrr gwW fljWillG7T~~ ~~ &Wmr .j,fpJGlJUJGlJrru".J!5fljG:fb. @.jflj~a;UJ LDWI{!jWlw LDlJmru51~rru G,)u®rfjI~~, ~ilrTa;rr~ QJrrfP6lj utb{!5lUJ a;®.jt!)l8;a;W ~WLDrr~QJU u[b{!5l1LJ~GlJffi~ a;®~,fpJ8;a;@J;® 6J[iJuGGlJ @®J;®W. @~:fb~a;1LJ ~~QJflj8; a; ® ~,fpJ J; a; @ W G ru flj tr [iJ {!j ~ @6iJ a; rr Gm U u (£lQJ {!j rr GiJ , ~rutb.!J)Jirr 8')~ru[b~[DUU[b{!51 m....rfua;re!iJ;®.# Qa=rroU~ {Drrw a;L~L[JuuLllJ-®d;@G[Dw. ~~ru:fb8; Qa;rrirr~a;u5ImullJ-, (DLD8;@i rT iLL~ @®J; ~ §;)[DJ2jJ.@:fb[b®u t5i W ffirroU ~ru rTa;irr .£!)l~~ LoU ~W.f!)J ~~lf!J;!ilW[D m....LGiJm....irrG7T~.@[iJflj .£!)l~IjJJ)l'_gwt1J !JdLU Qurr®G7Trr6iJ ~ffifPJ:fbrrm, ~mrroU .£!)lmr~UJ ~LU Qurr®G7Trr6iJ ~mfPJ. ~~ [!jLD~ a;rTLDW ~~6"5T~@W ~ {!jrrru ~, Q t!F1LJ6iJa;re!i~LILJ 6ljt1J a=woYua;rr1Jriua;~~LUJ6lj t1J m....~fD..GJLUJrra; iLGYrG7Tt!)l. @~ruGILJ t5iromrt QQJW/.j G{!jrrw .!J)J~W[Dm. {DfTW ~drir~!ilm[D ~ruGrufTrT ~mrmr (yJW (DfTW Qa=ti.J~W[D ~QjQGlJrr® QCFUJgwW @;L&LDLDfT@, diI~{!j GlJL9-dil6iJ LDIT{!5IUJi51GUfT~rr~, @!i>f!j .£!)lmrmfilLJ m....L6&6iJ~rb[D6iJ rullJ-QJLDfTa;m....~[D~[D~. 8')~ a;fT~j,il[iJ®u t5i[D® QQJmtGlJti>fPJ m....rflUJ 61J~mJ; Qa;rr@J;@[!J~. U @~{hU U61JWa;m LDrrWlL QJfT!p~GlJ m....®rurrJ;®@WfDm.@ruGlJfT.f!)J LDroI:fbw {!jm~ rurr~8;~a;~ILJ.j {!jrrGm ~~LD.j~J; Qa;rrirr ~[Drrw. ~ffirr~ :f!jffid;®.j{!jrrGffi 6Jtbu@~@J;Qa;fTirr re!iW a=LLriu.g;rnG7T.j :fbGE/[JGru.f!)J ~f!j[iJ@w ~Q/W a;L....(fj'iu
UL....LGlJW ~~~.

91 m....tftrG7Tffi.(DfTW 6)"f!jrrQJ.tf;l ~rt ~[b[D~6lJ fiJUJ9i.g;~@[iJ® m.... Lu@i>@ffirr 6iJ ~ f!jW ~ ~6'fT 6lj a; ~ G7T 6)" rb G [!JUJtt a; GGlJmr(fj'iw. @.tf;lGGlJ .g;rTLDrfjIUJ@. @di{!j .£!)lmrWJLSll9i@iU tSiW6"5Trr6iJ f!§GlJW ~oU~~ :fb1iYIflLDaf/:f!jaf/W ~WLDrr m....WG7T~. fj)[iJ:fb ~WLDrr..GJm m....®QJ.j~{!JU utb{!5llLjUJ ~G7T~Q/U U{b{!5lIL/W U~t;£}f!jLDfT6"5T .g;@~fPJJ;a;m m....WG7Tffi. 81~rT ~~ ~WJ~Q/U GurrwJ!)J uSIa;.# 81[61UJ~ ~W!!)Jth, ~ruGlJG7T~ 8'){!5I1LJf!j6iJ~~W !!)J Gru.f!)J 8?I~®w, @WWlW 81~rt ~~ uSia;u QurflUJQf!jWJ!)JW u~~f!jWfT.g;8; 8iLJ!)J&lW[!JffirT. @di{!J e§ruw, t5iIJUr§CF ~mLDrrGE/w ~rT ~Wa=W. ~J2jJ ~~~~UJ{b[DfPJ, ~(JwuUJ @w[6lGUJ ~~ @@9i~[!J~, (yJL9-~m[!5l @®8;a;6ljW Q.g:tlJILJW. fljm~ m... _(;ffl~LD rfjI~~UJfT 8ilUJ gtlJ~LD~UJ QQ/W/uu(j)l.j{!JGGlJ ~~ @[iJ{!J m....®QJrfua;~6'fT ~6iJ~rrUJ ~(j)I~.tf;l, .g;Ldi~ Q.g:oU@[DfPJ.@di{!J Qru.,mUUfTL~L~ f!j(j)l9i@w ~ruQGlJrr® G,).g:ILJiJ»W ~ruGGlJrrrT ~mrmr(yJUJ f,hUJQ.g:ILJ~, f,hUJ~mrmrw. @tfi:fb g§6lJW ~rfl6lJ~LILJ6ljLb, ~fljW lLmrmLD tffimtOt.J6JS)UJ QQJGTfIuu@j,f!j6ljW m....:f!j6lj@W[D fflruQrurr@ Q.g:UJ,SllW fj)ruGrumt ~mrmr(yJw {D6iJtOt.J~6lJ. @d>illLJfT~~irr6'fT 8?I[!5l~w UfifflULfTf!j ~~Q/$Ia;@J;@Lb, uSIa; (yJwOm[!5lUJ ~~mru$l.g;re!i9i@w Qurr~QJrra; ~(!!j .g;®~~ @®J; @!D!ffi-~ W WfTt;£}w .g:fT i>illLJ8;8iL.J!)J.g;~W ~rb[!J~a;~w ~rnm j,~Gw ~:f!jWlmGG7T lLWrDlTm, ~m6lJ ~di:fbu 4[DJ; .g;rr(Jmr ,,@6&®[iJ~w 6lJ®umQJ ~~~ ~wu~:f!jrrw ~ti>{!JJ; a;®~~. ~WWfT..GJ6iJ ~rnQ/ @lLJriiJ.g;rr rfilm<>tJu5/6iJpotential ( form) m....wrDlTm. @di:fb ~{b[D6iJa;~G7T QGlJmtuu@~~QJG{!J rufTtPei;ma;uSJffi (yJ@06lJm'iilJUJfT.g; @®9i8i)!D§jJ. LD.J!)J t5i!D6l1)8; Q .g;rrwma;1Lj W ~GlJrT.g;.,m LW m....mm §jJ. ~f!jfT6lJ~ @ffiflj lLL~ ~ySltfif!j t5i!D@, [§QJW LDrbG[DrrtT 2LL~~ ~@8;@Lb, ~~ ~~ffif!j t5iwmrT C:ruO[DfTtT m....L~tOt.J ~@9i@w. @UUllJ-GUJ Q:f!jrrLrTJ:filUJrra; @riuO.g;rr ~oUtOt.J§;J

[!jro~LDd;G.g;fT fb~LDJ;Ga;fT {DLD~ ~mrmrriua;w, {DLD~ Q.g:fT[ba;m, {DLlJ ~ Q.g:ILJ6iJa;irr @~Q/ {Dt1J~LD.# aT{b{!51 (DrrGw 6)" [bu@.j$lei; G,)a;rrmr(fj'iWG7T GlJ~61Ju5/w @~Y'.g;G7T tt a;GGlJ

92
GGlljf)J ~~a;ffiJa;m1G61Jrr ~/tI.1 .2..L~61J fiif(j)l#,{iJ[Dgp. ~~rrGil @riJ#j ~~a;~§?{iJ@>~1brrw (!pa;fillU~i[)JQJw Q,g;rr(j)la;a;uuL 4-@8>filID/tI.1. 67QIW1G!!f)W[DWfPJ Gfbrr #,a;~§?[b® w[b[D ~~a;riil a;~m~L @d5fli .2..61Ja;wflirrw u5)8iQjw ~fli!iilj(ilJ#j'T a;a; a;@1bu u(j)l{iJ{Djf)J. wtD{D ~~a;rfiJa;m1Gil gp~Turiila;rirr uS/a;# m[!5l:!bwG(ilJ ~rirr ettfPJ. ~ $ff;J; a;,'TIJIiim~fliITG ruG IU, ~IU fr d5fli ro5J~UJriil a;~m# m$@J;®w fiil.1rTuJuLja;@!)w ~riil®a; @jm[D@j GTw.!J)J ~QJfr a;rirr <Fn...!J)J fiI {D'Tfr a;rirr. ~ wm;i) @t6fli ~61JaiL.b m [!511Pl @rnu(!pw ~@.g;ti> JPJiffiu(!pw .g;61J!E1b1PlGUrTIoiJ wm fbl· ~ et wG QJ t§ QJ W .o5J ~IJ es tt .g;G eu tt flirT wj;1 thG fljrT fli w 1Pl fMT 8;a;ti>j;1rn®riJ1Pl 6EI iflti>1Pl, {brrw aTfljdJj;1IJW ~(WILQJ(WI#jU u{b[!51 [.@(WIffiJ;a; (!JJUJ-til{DfPJ·@dJfli ~..;u8i)6i>. ~UJfrriJfli rOlJLmUJriil J a;rmm tff/~W J;a;u U6W a;a;'TIJ fr a;@!)J;® uS/aiJ; ®rm{DQJ'T W (ilJ'TuJULja;Gw ~Gtrmm. ~/tI.IGU'Tru, Qa:rTfr a;.g;j,i/ru ~GllW (!p~TGffi{D ~j;1a;. 6lJrTuJULj @iNrmrOlJ. ~riilGa; t§6lJ6"6fJw {b/(WIQ), ~r5JG.g;ILJ6lrW u~J;a;rTIJrnI~T £Bi~61J~UJuGUfTiN c!Tn.L @ru~rTLDiN, GllrTuJULj @w~L.b ®~{DfiI{D1P1' ~riil® ~ 6lJ W G [DIT UJ{b {D .!PI rdrir @ll L ~ rOlJ U Q u !f)J fiI {Dtt W . ~_mr~G6lJrT ~®{b¢G6lJrT G1b~QJu5I6U(WIOlJ. ~QJfr a;~w fiif6UrurT ~~a:ai@!)W [b/(WI{DGQJjf)JfilW{Dw. ~WrT6U ~r!iJ® ~6lJG6lJrTfr @WUWfT.g; ~~u6l1Jti>fPJJ;Qa;fTrdrirC:L @®U Uj;16U t§6lJ~{ <f!j~jf)J ~mr~w @UJru~u (!JJtiJpSI$JJjW W{Dt6fb1 681(j)lfil{DfTW .. ~mw W 8')61J tLUJfr(i>flj ~6Ua;r!iJa;rirr ~Gtr WW. ~{5JGai @wuriila;rirr @®(i>#jfT$JJjW!§6lJW @wGm{D 611fTuJULjai!.@!jW tLrirrmw. @ 61J1Pl (WIUJ j;1 a; ~ f ® pSI8; .$ fTGYr uSIa; Qj UJfr (i>1b (;;)a:mt J;.g;lD ~®W. ~ffiJ® ~QJW a;w a;LQj@!)LW fiifmG'l{DW (WI{D5,®W'Ta; 6llfTy;tilm{Dwfr. ~",lIfra;_C@Ja;® ~YlfillU ~LroU @(i!;8l@jL.b. G{9fTGUJfT WIJ~Gwrr" WtD{D gpwuriila;GWrT ~r!u{jJrurm61J. ~(ilJfr a;~m 681®uLlJ-5Ja;w ~~W j,!!;lLb Ifi~fD G~jJJjf)J$)mfDW' ~6lJfr .$!.@!j6Yr 81GUfr <M6lJQJuGUrT JPJ @{bfli

93 ~61Ja;tbiJtD®.ji iI@wU! 6lJIi>1Pl,GQJJ!)1~L6U fiif(j)lthff;l. W.,..mibfr a;«~!!)'9;®a; .g;LfU[~1DfT ~mLILJt.b Glly5JmUJ8l a;rrL(j)Ifilw{Dmfr. z;L61Jfilw uS/a;u G'i u rfI UJ~ #a:rT rfI UJfr a;6ir @th#j(WIaiUJGllfra;Gw. @QJfra;GYr dJi-fli!Ei)IJfr a;Gtr. @mfDQJWJ LW ~UJfr!Bib .2..61Ja;ffiJ a;~roiJ 6lJ5'lth/tl.1 6lJ[b#jQJfr .g;m. fblGisruuu(Elw LD.,..m1b ®rOlJth@Gisr /tI.fGYrw ~wu ttiJ)J W a;®(WI~UJrT iJ)J W t..£ rdrir@w U! fDfU1/ GT(j)Ith/tl.l ~QJ tt a;w ~uJtLf W QJ ySlmUJ8l a;fTL(£i!iJ [!JrTfra;w . @ff;l rOlJL5'lUJ LDfT a;GQJ tt (!PUJ-Ii>1b (!Plif-6lJfT a;GfUJrT{j)@8;a; (!PUJ-UJrT.@GTW.!J)J~th~fUJ#jLb c!Tn.!f)JfUJ {9wJ;®tb Q<f!jrfllLJW. ff;l ~LWU{b{lJ tff/(WI61JflirTW ~L5'lUJWrTa; @®8la; (!pliJ-ILJW. 61JL 5'lUJw, 61-roiJ(WIrOlJILJGYrw#jrra; JiI®J;a; @UJ-UJfT1Pl. GT6iX;~rOlJLUtb !D~tb®a; ®(WI!D!Eff; GT ftiJG'lJW 61JL8')UJLDrTa; GPliJ-UJrT GTroiJ~rOlJ ftiJ. UJ!DiD .2..LroiJ GTW[fJ ~m!f)J fi)®a;e; @UJ-UJfTfljiNrOlJfUJrT? ~1Pl C!PUJ-UJrT ff;ff;l. 6_TG'iw.,..mroiJGTroiJ~rOlJa;® 2LLu(£i6lJff;fTroiJ1brT W ~L G rOlJ~~ LfT!iJ [D1Pl' GTGilmrOlJUJ fiifrdrirmr Lb GT u1PlLb {biD rn @(!!j8;a; (YJUJ-UJrrtI./. 6_TG'lw61Sf)6i> GT~mr~w / ~6lJ~~J;®~ {lj'TW GT@!iJ[D/tI./. fiif~G6lJ {9fTW ~L6U, GTIiim~LD @fUJ{!J~[Da; aiL!B1Pl G'Ia: 6iJrOlJGQJ rdrir@w et W.!J)J ~ th ~6lJ ff;W c!Tn.!J)JfD/tI.l. til @ri>ff;# aTf!}d5@1J£Bim6U(WIUJ fIj'TW @cll dPI~LUJ G6lJ~liJ1I1@6iJ6mrOlJ, ~ff;l 67{ba;mGfUJ fIjWf!}fT e; {j)®a;!iJ(D/fJ! GTm.!J)J ~th6mQJff;W c!Tn..!J)JQJ6mff;ILJW fIjfTW e;mrGLfTw. ~m#j W[D!B @®J;tilGfDrTLb, W.!J)Ja;filG{DfTw. Jd,IJmr tb/tl.lfU_llD GTm um#j JDmD ~/mLLU GfUlmrliJ-UJiJiGilmrOlJ, ~1Pl 6_T{be;mGfUl fIjW uS/LW tLWW ftiJ. LDlJmruS/6UfTU G'lu@tfi(WIrOlJGUJfT ~"~lljj:{!jGLD'T [DfTW .$I~LUJ G6lJOOliJ-UJ(WIQJ .dPI6Ut;;t), ~(WI6lJ GJ {ba;mGGll IEtbu5"lLW £i)®J;!iJw.{DW. GTuGUfT!p)W [DW(YJmLIU6mfUJ 111'T;GfUJ {j)®(i>t!i1 fUJ@8JW[!Jffi. @15Ja;m aTff;!Eff;ilJfr bTW.!J)J a

8T#j!B@IJfre;Gtr. @riue;w a;L@.uUL..LfUJrT GT~J!)J an.{l5Imrrru ~uuUJ-GUJ £i)@uufra;w.{j)m#jGUJ .dPIiJ(WIfUJ#jWi51~6lJfTa; C!:P fP ® fiI fDt!i1. [Dtt ~ .2..r5J a; ~ a;@jiJ iM ~ fUl@ai",", ~

",,,tfI.JlnfT .. " ""iD

(IJ''-'I-''i UlfT esm '" {j)tt~" ",:""GUl

IE'."Ii

'"I

ru

94
a;(f!j~~8;8j~6fTILJW an_[l51Clmw. {Eriila;itT Iiil1I(f!jWLf6lJ~fb "if Jb.!J)J8; Gl8;rTitT 6fT 0lJtt W. G6lJflirTt6fb~@~ uS/a;ISlfUJn-difb@j[l51.$Cla;rT~6YTu LfrfJ!5~ Gl.!f,rTitT6lJ~ uS/8;lSlfw a;'4-mw. ~~fbuu{iJ[l51 <iTuGUrT ~w 6l116lJrT fbrfJa;w {ffIa;!p8J~{D~. LD8;a;itT 8=J0lJ a;([!j~~8;a;~6YT "if{iJ.!J)J8; Gla;rTdMLrTfr a;6YTrTmmiO LD{b{D Gla;rTm~a;a;~6fT LD .!J)J8;a;1Slf <iT@n-8;a;Gl/W ~I}" t.b,j) ~~ 6l11@~ {DrTrta;w. @~ W 'f](f!j GlurfJUJ ,j)1}"8=8=JlOIDm. 1!Lffu8;@28;@jU ,j)'4-~fb~i2i {BrfJa;m

95 ~UJ tt ~f!J ruLfiI UJion a;1Slf @([!j.9;a;6lJrrLb. .J!)I/!)J ~rfJ81W Lb GE/(f!juut.b. ~r5Jff.m 6l1IC!!JuuuuLq--ClUJ ~L8J8iL@W. ~ffirroiJ ~~~LD~ILl8; a;dML G6lJ.!J)J 8=Jrurt @(!!j8;@{Drrrta;W. ~6lJfra;6YTrr6iJ @!5}1J8=8=J[l51UJ 6T6U~~8it58;@)W i'®u@UJrra; @(f!j8;8; (!J)l1f-UJrr!)J. @~fbGlUJ6iJrulTw ~QJfr 8;W ~~uliil1I~/!)J / (!J)l1f-~/!)J~LLfTfr 8;W. @~fb8; 8;L!5/!)J .,!MUurrtOiJ Gla=6U6lJG6lJ ~tOllfr ff.W liil1I®wLfg,{Drrfr 8;W. Jilthfb g}_ru8;(yJW .,!MfD~ <iT6U6lJrT6l1I fbLDrrm @~ udil8i@2Lb .J!)ItOllrt 1@28;@j GltOll.!J)J 8 W Ga:{b.!J)J8;@)LmL LDL@ClLD . .,!MtOllrt ;~G1T ZLrfJ8iW 8i([!jiJ/!)J8; a 8;G"fTrT6UGJ~ 8iL@UU@~fb 6l1I®wLf8il{!jrta;m! @ilifb~8iUJ wmuGurr 8;ma; Iiil1IL@Iiil1I@dil8;itT. 'f]roiJGltOllrT®6lJ®.$@jW ~6lJl}"tOllC!!J8;(f!jrf)UJ @L~~{!j .,!M.m:JU,Jr5J8iW. GlfbtOifTa;L6U $lSlfai.m:J6U Gl u®Lb LfUJG1SJ6U .,!Ml1f-llJdML 8=J6lJ .!T.UU6Ua;m6YTU u{b[l51UJ 'f]® .!T.~fb~UJ ~rrtOifT ULq--8;.!T. GJDrtdif!J/!)J· .,!M~f!JU u{btDIUJ UL(YJW ~dil8i}ruu u#i@rf)~.!T. §)~tDl6iJ (Illustrated London News) 6lJthfD~' 'f]GI}" ~fr ~riil@GruUJ8; a;uu~6lJ#5 {!j~1J w{b{Dm6lJ .,!M~m~,/!)Jw g}_~L!5/!)J Gurru51~. ~riil!ilGblJUJ8; a;uu6U LDL(j)JClLD fhrr~u L.5I'4-8;.!T.(!jJ'4-thfb~· fbrTdil.!T.W &!pffJu Gurr6lJ~fbuu{btDI8= fi) {lSI /!)Jw et ~Gm tt LD6U, 8;U U6Uf!J~ #5@oiJ {ffI~ .!J)J, LfUJ~6lJ <iTiJrt~/!)J8= Qa:oiJiWw .!T.UU6U8;~6YT ~{ba:rra;uu(j)J~/!)J UtOllrt.!T.W.,!MdifbU UL~@6iJ .!T.rrGmuuLLmrt.l c!MQJrt.!T.~G1TU GurrtOiJ mflirf)UJ~~LW1w a;(f!j~GmU,JLW1Lb @(f!jdila;w. ~dil.!T.W tP~ru8;@j LD{b{DQJrta;mm8; flGy; @@8;ff.rr$r'r8;w. w{bQ{Drr(f!j (YJLLrrw fbmLDrrm bf~Gm(YJW ~WG1T~: JD LDtJjJ 8=J UJ fb G"5f) #5/!)J6lJ#5m:{!i @y;d>f!JrrtOiJ, §)@8;.!T.GLD tDI @~fb!5tJjJ LDOOf!j@jOlJClLD .!T.i:'IlU{b.!J)JLJ ClurrriJG6I@w 6T~UG:{!i .J!)I.{!)J.GJG:{!irr .,!M~m QJ (f!jW io G"5f) fb (f!j6lJ 1h@{b8irr 8i ~U5I rt tJjJ[!J U u.{!)J GurroiJfbrr~ GU5iUJ{Drrr'r.!T.w! .!T.LQfW:{!irrw ~r!iJ8i~6YT8;
1. 9'rrC1wfTQJrr fb@!.g;~.g;®tiJ~ t6!6irff) ulifl~~ .g;rrtG6lC1UJrrU/U/w ~QLDrfI<i;.g;U (]UfTft8; .g;ULJ.u.g;re9W. .g;uururrm H.M.S

+\ a;~LUL.5l.'4-lLJriila;w.

~~GUrTOlJG6lJ LD{b{D6lJfr8;itT fliriila;@!J9;@j ~(f!juuLDrTm~fliU L.5I~u{b{D 6l1I@rfJa;w. $1iua;itT @t6fb# ~gSJUJ fbOO~~6lJ~~fbGUJ U{b[l518;Gl81rTdM'4-®8;8; liil1I®wL.5I mrTtOiJ @i'ClOlJGUJ @(f!jriil8;itT. @~fblOIDa;UJ ~~a=8;~6fT GlUJoiJOlJITW Gl8;ITW~riil8;itT, @@GruGUJ LDm {ffI~fD~ ~~LUJfjjJ8;itT! f;!(f!jui'ILJ{b[l51 (f!jriil8;itT. l!Lffua;w LDOOfb{ffl~ru ~WJU6lJW 8=JfDUUrT ~oiJruf!J1T8; @(f!j9;@jLDrTrnnoiJ G6lJdM'4-UJ 8;, ~W~ ~~fb ~~u6l1IllJrfJ8jw. g}_riil8;6fTlToiJ ~guU6l1I8;8i (!J)Lq--llJW, GJGl~mltOiJ ~8;W ~i'fr~L~~fli g}_(f!jQJrT r9;@j U6lJfr @1iu8;GW. LDOOfbtffl~ru~UJ G'SIL@6l11@WUl1f- ZLriil8;~6YT UJrT(f!jWQJ{bLf.!J)JiJfD(!J)Lq--UJrT G'SI([!jWLfLb6lJ~1)" LDooflifr 8;G1T ~. IT8; @(f!jriil8;itT. ~~}1J 'f]®6lJ®W fD@9;8; (yJl1f-UJIT~. {E1iu8;W Gfb6lJ~}1JUJIT 8i liil1I(f!jwt5ImlToiJ G }1J6lJ~fliUJ IT8i ruITW. fil'@fblT~ {ffI1Ll@. ~mlT6iJ Gfli6lJ~f!JUJrr8; 6'5I®LburTfb ~ru(f!jLb @(f!j8;8;~rTLb. ~6lJfr 8;G1T 8;(f!j~/!)J UlLJrfJ8iIJWlTm ~ ~ bfm.!J)J rffJ~W8;a; iJ....IiiJ8;@28;~ bf~W ZLrfl~LD JiI(f!j9;~{D~? .J[;ff.!J)J e!9urr~UJ @YJ9;a; @riil8;W ~r§~ !5@riil8;(ilJrTLb. ~mrToiJ fbliu a;m Gl a=1T iJ..@ ~~rn iJmfhllJ W fily;ffifhrr iW Lb /!)J.m:J 8'n..L 6lJ(f!jdifbrr }1J6lJrt ;@!Jw @([!j8;8irurrW. a ~~}1Jm8;UJ6lJfr a;itT fil®ffifhrrfr 8;W, @C!!J8J8i}{Drrrt8;m. ~r5J8iW {ffI~ruuS/ fi't5)C!!Jdi..@ ~6lJfr8;~G1T GJW ~frLDrrml8;8; G6lJ~@Lb? {ErfJ8;W ZLr5J8iW bftOiJ~ru.9; G8;rr@a;@28J@jW tOllrT!pU6lJfr 8;6fTrT8i @C!!J.9;a;rurrLb, fi)thfb# Uf![)J Gl6lJG1Tfla;e; a;(f!j1h/!)J.$a;Gw g}_r!ua;w

96 cr.rruurr[brn G6lJ~(Elw! fjQJ{:;;)6lJrr® [DrrLliJ-iJ)lW @(I!j.!Uf.!J)1 cr.@t.b Qu~ cr.~t.b !1_)i~~~wuSlG(iI)GUJ w6"6fl1Jj @w ~ @[b® [Dw ~w Q ,g:uJUJ 6Tmr~wrr w Gu tt~ LlJ. ee[i;/bl [DfTL cr.."f/GiJ uS/GUJ Q,g:fTfr 8;a;WfT 8iJ 6l1ILJT {DfT! LD~ 1Jj®ru~@ [ba;rr a; g [DfTt.b 6TUUliJ- m._uSI~(J 6l1/(El8iJG(DfTlh 6TWUf[)! [DW8;®~ Q1Jjrfl uitt {DfT 6TfflW? @~6lJ Q6lJ.!J)1t.b6lJfTuJggwuGw {E6l1/(JG6lJtDwru• {Driva;w 5J{!flUJ 1Jj6llf!~~6lJ~~{Du u ib{!fla= 51to! /bl W rff/~m 3;a;rr 1Jj 6lJfra;G61T W~1Jj ®ru~@[b®, Gwrurrm [DW~W LJm[i;@(!!J8;8iJ [Drrfrcr.w 6TGMU~{DILJt.b ~mra;@9t.b QUOOai@9W 1Jjriva;~61TU uib{!5JGUJ 6Too~uSI®[i;#irrw ~[i;1Jj ~GTTGlJ8;®U t5itD®8;® m._#i l1Iu5! (!!J3;ai (yJ lSj-UJ f[)! 6T~ u~ #i1LJ W m._rua; 6lJl]rurr .!J)1 6 tr G :'f.rrL(El8iJ[Df[)!. &W.!J)1 8i-UJ[D(iI)uS/w~w, @wQmrr~.tJ)1 aiUJ !D(iI)t.b. mibtO!~ Ur5J$~WU u!b{!fl ut5iliJ-i">@®UUf[)!w Q1JjfTLfr[i;~ ~1o-m{D ~fP)JU6l1l8;a> ~~5UU(El6lJf[)!t.b aiUJ[D6Ut.b. [§)f[)J m._oo~LDuSI.m W~W61T 6l1I®uu~@roJ®[i;G1Jjrr, LiI!Drr w~Srr61T a;®~fiiffiuSJG15I®[i;G;4DfT GJtbu LL{EGiJru; '6T65T8;Ga> 6T6iJrurrt.b G6lJoo(Elw, LD[btD6lJfr$~li'ffuutb{!51 fiT6fT8;Qa>~m a;6lJmru?' fiTWtD g,!J)fTlwT 8i-UJ[Dru~{ljfT6iJ @{EUJ~m;4D tf/(JULJ 6lJ;4DW :'f.fT(J~l.Drr a;~ G{EfTm .!J)16lJ~ @gu. (ljrrm @UUliJ-~ {Err~ Iff/t5~m 8;8iJGroW. &(!!jm {!51 J m._u5!~(J 8; a;fT UU ;4D[b$fT$, U {briv ai W ./IJ/T [iJ.!J)18; ; fiiffi 8;ai tt 67JT LiI ro rill} c!Jj ~ 61TILJt.b ~ tD 8; c!Jj ~ a .fbJGffiI[i;#i ~[i;fhu uoo mLUJ LDfTQU(!!JW ~fr 8;aifhm ma;mli'ff ILfw m~ a;fWlGTTlLj Gurrw (D [DwQm £I5I t5iIDYJfT1Jj 6J(Jrr GTT W t.b Gufr @[i;tD m._ru8iJru @®8;a; G6lJoo@QW67JT [Drrw rill}®w4 $/GIDm. &@8;$ Q[D{!fI, t51tD®8;® [DW~W Q,g:uJ6lJ.fbJ @~6lJ @m.!J)1 Q 6lJ.[!)I W G u j: 5 m6l1IG 6UG UJ rff/ W.[!)I rill) L L!O~ ! (yJL'_Lrrrirr 1Jj67JTW!

97 ~3i~8UJ6lJfT@UJfTa; @®[i;{E ~Qjfr, ILlrr®a;a>fTCf,GlJt.b {!jL.Dgu :Q...u51fWl(J~@UJrr a;w G!CFuJUJ~ 1JjUJfT(Jrr i @(!!j[i;fhfTfr. ~6lJfr a :fbL.DffP 6lJfTlP[DfTSrr (yJ@61/~W t5J[D(Jf[)J [DW~W8;airr $G6lJ :Q...r;;lf)YJi;{E6lJfr;~6lJfr $GTT fJjw~wmUJu f[)J u[iJ{!5IG UJ rff/ mm ~ fb6lJfr. ~6lJ(J if)J 6lJ(JrufT[iJfWl!D 6T@@UJ6lJfr ~GlJIJ.fbJ t5J{DL/mulj utb£I5l6T@f[)!WGUfT.fbJ, ~6lJ,rt uru(J gu [DmmW8;aifT a>GlJW uru 1f!!Jl !bru6lJfTlP8;fWla;8;aifT a;GlJGw t5!rn[i;1Jjrrfr fiTW J!)J stiuutr a;GQj Q<FfTroiJroJu51®8;$/{Drrfr. ~6lJfr a;rrLlSj-[iJ®a= Q,g:WJ!)J @UJfTW~ @6iJ Ff@ULLf[)! #iL.Df[)! (yJa;i/cia;fT ai ~6iJru. ~JWLJ~fbrrlOiJ st rfI!i>ffP G!a;rr mrr L9-®a;@IDf[)! m._rua;t.b. ~@G15I®[i;f[)! 6l1/(ElUL fft(l!j 6lJ1j5I~UJ ~6lJfr a;rr~ G6lJOO@W; '@Ji;fb m._ru$)6iJ GJW @<OlJ6lJWGlj f[)!WUW m._Ww f[)!?' 6TWUG{b ~6lJfr 6lJfTlPm6lJ rffim{D~@®Ji;1Jj Ga;wrill}. !Jjrrw LJ;'fbm(JU Gurr6iJ !f)@a;ai G!!Jj{!fI u1!6iJ rff/[bu 113rr [5riv a; W et 00 f!J)J 8J tDfr cr..".,rr! c!Jj aiUJ[Druw uSI®[i;GfbfT.!J)1W LD~fb',..~r fj(!£Ja;Cf,t.b Qa;LL 6lJ65Trr!iJ{DfTW. @m:i5@[b®w @ffP QUfT®Ji;f[)!t.b. 8i-UJ[Druw uS/@jJi;:/b @mGLD uS/a;a; Qcr.rr@mLD tf/m!D[i;113113fTiGlJw ~mw a UUJUUfbfT c!JjGlJW @®Ji;@®:!i;@{Df[)!. <='PIG(Jt5JUJ (f5fr a;a;{!jrflil !fi J!)J rill) UJ t» 1Jj;' fWlh uG U tt fiiJ ff;J m 6lJ)fDa; Q a;fT W m a; m UJ f @<OlJ6lJW!Q>j <='PI@~fhL.DfTer.U 61wuib{!5lUJ W{bW G6lJ.[!)I 6T ffP!Q>jLD .@6iJmru; <='PI Utt IOiJ ~si./6lJW!Q>j ~G (J;':/bW iI [i;@UJf[)!W, t5J{Dm Lt.b <='PI<OlJ6lJGTTIiiIj Qa;fT(B(J LDfTa; [DL[i;,~Qa;rrmrr L.fbJ W G6lJ.f!)J GTJi;1Jj LD1Jj(!J!lh @rumru. ®r;rfTm 9'n...[!)ILD ~tO!<ilJmfJ a;~w [Dwurr 1Jj6lJmm m._LGm QaifTffl .!J)1~@WUL9-~.ffJJ 9'n...!J)Jfil[D.fbJ. ~ ~ 9® a;® r;;lf)fiiffiUJtt w! <='PI [DwLila;ma>1Ll tDtD6lJrTai~W Ii; [i;1Jj Qa;fTru6lJ ffP1JjfTW <='PI YJfilUJ Q uoo er.@9W uru6l1l113 {iJmu ,fNa;rTa=@a;!€!9t.b tffI~{D[i;th Q<FfTrTli;a;~m1Jj ~rnLILJW tfjIJ:<FILJ uxtea 6lJySllLlfTW! fiJJi;fb [Dwt5!:!i;ma;a;WfT6U GT<OlJ6lJW!Q>j r;r~{DLb m[i;1JjUuLliJ-(!!j:!i;@.[D~ 6Twum1JjU urr®r5J!J,w! ~ !I)1tffi>1Jj6lJ {!j ;,i)iOlJ @;'{bm:'f.UJ W Gl:'f.fT (gr;rt.b <Fib.!J)1 Ii; ®m!D!5~ aifT~uu@iJ!D~' UfUJ iJ{6Ioiv$56lJ LD{l)fi;@[b(c!)LD

~mr

i-

Qa;GTTfhW Lf~{D~(JU GUfTffltD &@8;$!?6Ufrairo-mWU utrtr 8;$ [DfTW 6l1I(!!Jt.bLJ8JG(DW. ~6lJfr fiT[i;fh ,g:®~ 8; a;L_!Q>j~mGUJfT fh6llf!UULL_ ~Wwrr~6lJGUJrr [Dt.burill}ru~ru. ~fWlfhl.jU[b£I5l8; a;.;;umruuuLG6lJ @1ii.J~ru; r,y:;@~wUJrrm

98
Gru fljrr (tfljiJ~{iJ@jW @615lLu))GU ~ iJ~Ulrr r!FWuS'/a;8;@j615l{DGru. ,&®615ll.D8; a;®iJ615lflj dMrfil@jW [Erfila;m a;rr6ffl6lJrr W. ~ rn-rrGil l.D8;a;m u{iJ¢lutSJ lSj-iJ~8; Qa;rrm"" 6f00 tbrr a; @®UU1h{iJa;rra; ~615lruf!j8; a;®~~8;a;6mtD1T ~uGfhfi/-$!P1, dM1hwe!JlruW ~rurr aim !!LUlrrd>tb @j¢l8;Ga;rr615ltD1T dM6mLUlcF Qr!Fti..tfljrrrt 'OJ8F. ,UifG6lJrr a;~ifJroJ ®8;@jW 6frfils;cfrr fh{t615lflj' 6fw.[f)J on.¢lUl -dMQJGif '[Drrf!)Jw 67W f!j{tmfljtLf W fflw.[f)J , 67W U615lf!jtLf W ~d~f!jfi/ -$fljrrrr. '[Drr@Jw 6fW fh[!~fhU.fW &W,I1)/ fiTwtD {ffi615l6lJ615lUl ~mLUl ' uifG eott a;,ji fh[!615lflj<]U1' ru~.g;rrL(£J ~{Drrrr fiTWU~ ~ru(!!j8;@j,jiQfhrflU.fW. 'OJ8F~ffi w{b~f;iGil ~fi/s;@w ~rnLJ<]l.D @(!!j{tfljrn-. ~rn-rrGil urdMuLrrfh Qs;rrm6ma;a;m ~mG"" LJ@j[!~~w, dMGifOlUl l.Dfh~m{b~L @¢I{tflj {ffi6m6lJ8;@j dM~ Qjfi;~~LL~. @[!fheF fi/¢lUl ,{brrw' fiTW u{h{iJa;rr s;u Gu mfl(£Jru ~, ~d>flj 6lJrr!p8;615l.g;u5)Gil 615lfijJJ,ji~mtD1T u{iJJ!)J Gurr {hrrl.DGU, ~J£Dd>f!jflj{iJ@jU UI{D@jw ~~ Q{brrLif G6lJ~(£Jw 671OO1.f!)l <i6J(!!jwLJQJ/!Jl-(i}mQJ Q uieoeotr W ~~615ll.Du))Gil Q a;rr(5 if<]w. @615lfh ~QJrt .g;m 8FUl{D6lJuSirn6ml.D 67W fiI{Drrrt .g;m. @.1fjJG6lJ &@9;a;,ji$l{iJ@j -dMlSj-uu6mLUJrrwf f}@,5,a;Q{b¢l8;@j @.1fjJfhrrrn ~lSj-UU615lL fiTw{DrrGil S;L6lJW fhrrw {bW615Il.D,5, ;rruurrJiJ[D G6lJ.(£Jw! a @[!fhcF §i){!5lUJ '{brrw' Gurrti..tGJ1lLLrrGil f}@8;a; Q{Dp5IGUJ -dM¢ld>~GJ1I(£Jw67~G{D U6lJ(!!jw fiT~~filw{Dmrt. @6lJrta;m @w@lw €iJ f!5I~ ~6lJif W Qfhrfld> fh6lJITsetm a; G6lJ'iW(ljlw. @d>fljeF m{!5lUJ '{Drrffi' l.D!ii61{D!5fhUI{DGa; &@,5,a;Q~p5J t51615l~9;@jW 67w@lw a;(!!j-$615I{h ~6lJrr a;m ~eFr!F~~L6tr U tt IT,5,fiI{Drr rt a;w. ~ W U -$6151 {htLf W [!5w 6mLD ~ 615Iw.Jj615l tLf fh dPJG1f!uu~ ,[Drrw' ~GU6lJ, 'rE' 67WU(]fh. Q r!F tr ,5,s;(] uut [!5 a;(] l.Dtt @(!!j,5,@{D{hrr @GU615l6lJUJrr rr if 67 rn.!J)J UJmt a;6lJ615I6lJuu(E!@{Drrrta;w? ~ W usn @C!Jj9;@{Dfhrr @<iV615IrovUJrr J!)J UJ .;rffi mt a;6lJm6lJu u(£JfiI {DrrlTa;w? l.DIT{Drrlj f fflw.!J)J !!LWW fhrr @GUm6lJUJrr fiTW J!)J usmr a;6lJm6lJu

99
u@@{Drrrra;w? @Gfljrr ~rova;w @(!!j,5,@{D/!Jl, -dM@ru /!Jlwuw til 615l{D!5 @C!Jj8;fiI{D~. Qa=6iJ ~.llfiil a;w! LJ#IT Qa=ti..tfh/!JlGurr6iJ ~WU~~flj9; @jm{D8;a;U urr(£Ju@rfila;w! @6iJ6lJIT~lSj-6iJ cm[!fh C!J>Ul{iJfilu))6lJ uSJml) Gl1t@ffiJa;m. ~.g;615lWGUl ~ l.D{D!5~ ,m)(£Jrfila;w. @~GQI UUl--8;a;G6lJ'iWlSj-Ul C!:P1h{iJUITLW.{EffiJa;m {brr,ji@a;GlJrr, ~,ji@a;GlJrr, ~~GC§UJ6lJIT@GUlrr, G6lJfljlTfi; ilGUJrr, @¢loiv;'li6lJGIJIT, (!pa;l.DilUJGlJrr UJITIJIT @C!Jjd>fhITGU a; eteae«, {iJ.1fjJG6lJ {EffiJa;w Qfljrf)fi;~Q.g;rrww G6lJoolSj-UJ (!jJ;'li{iJUITLW. fiT6lJGrovrr(!!j8;@jW QUIT /!Jl6lJlTm fflGIJ urrLw 67ffimQ6lJm{DlT6lJ @{tfljeF filf!5IUJ~ml.Drr ,dM¢I[!~ !!Looml.D tutrest ~Wl.D1T {ffi.[f)J6lJUUL G6lJ.(£Jw, 67m-U~{hlTm. {iJl)oo(£J a=8;@a;w @615)~UJrra;eF Qa=UJ6lJu@film{Dm; fflw.[f)J, '{bITW' 67m fiI {D~, l.D{bQ{Drrrn.!J)J, '{DITW ~6iJ6lJ' 67Gifr fiI {D/!Jl.l.D~:{D1Ta;WtLLh l.DL(£Jl.DGU6lJ~6lJrfu@j8;OO,SllW, GJ1I6lJr!iJ @ja;ooGU WL(£Jl.D6lJ6lJ fiI¢lUJ LJ@~,SllW ,dMmQ] QQlOOU u(£Jfilffi{Dm. W~flj~rn 1)~:{D~~GiJ {b8;W G:{DITti..t8;@jW Q uoo LJG6), @jLUI--.g;6mW8; .g;ITUu ITIb.[!JJ6lJ tbIba;1T .g;~ fljrn !!LuSJ615l(JGUl Q.g;IT(£J.9i@jw. ~~GUlTrovG6lJ t.5I{D6m(J.9; Q.g;rrGUQJ~ {i]Ul(iJ6ma;GUJ 67m .;roo~w Qu.rrlSj-UlQJW1w, ufillUmru Qlrr(£Jw W615lmG"illl.D8;aimW 8; a;fTl~u:{D{iJ8;1T.,j) {hw ~uSJ6m(JGUJ u fljUJrfuu.1T GU Q8irr@8;8i (!jJW6lJI)6lJ1TW. ~ 8iG6lJ umLu w Lf (!jJ@6lJ ~ W {iJ[!f!j {iwoo(£J r!F8;@U.@W ~(£J~fh(£J~.f9l eF Qa=UJruUL@ 6lJ(!!j$lw{Dm. fiTrfuG8i @@ru fjlW6m{D tBrfilu.cfrr utrtr 8;$1 [!5rr 8iGGYTIT ~r!iJG.g; l.D{iJQ{DITWJ!)JW @®fi;G{h g(!!jw. @6lJ{iJ.[f)Jw ,&w!f)1 fhwmrovw, l.D{iJ{D~ fljwmrovuSiw615Iw; ffl w!f)1 G r!F1T/!Jl8; Q a; ITW6lJ ~, ~ l.D{iJQ(DITW .!J)J @Ulrr8iW Qr!Fui6lJ~; fjlw.!J)J fiT@UU~, l.DIbGl{DlTill.f!)J Qs;rr@uu~. gfPlTm@~®d>~ Wla; ~UJrrfi;fh~Qlml) @d>fhu ,j)IJU~r!FW C!:P@ eu~ G l.D @d>fh @® a= 8;@a;ooill ffiJ 6151"" UJ rr L (E! 615) l.D;'li tt m (] l.D• fh (iJ @j <i6JYT 8; 8i W <] tb 615) 6lJu)) ru m 6lJ , G

fiJ

a; 00<.fn.L_(fd.ii Q{hrfJ6lJ~

ri/.@.

100
@!B;,!)U IiI(Ju<5,fF:iJw,~ ~liI-UUrQ1flL# Qa=UJGiJUIT@ CT.~W urft~ITW(!JJt.b GUITLI4-, GUIT(JITLLLD 6T6SrfIJ @fJmrl4-mLEG;'!) @®a;e;){!J~ 6TW.f!)J &{!J ,fF(!JJ{DlTlU/J@"iJ 6T!Bflj {i}wdi@dJ(~ 6TWW tLrfI~w @®a;Ii)!D~? ~~5, 5~~l_, GUITLt.q-, GUIT(JITLLW fi}fUJdJ{DITGiJ;'bIT~ @ti>flj 1LruCT.W{ljL8ie;){D/M 6T~.f!)J CT.L{O ~fUJfr CT.~&«!J 6TGfJ7m tLrflrmw @®8iIi){D/M? @.~fi1J [i)(I!;UUmflj [!jlTLb LD!f)J&ai~6Umru. ~ffiITGiJ wdm ,fF8i@uSlw Q5UJ~lTdJ{!JG6>61) qw W.f!)J8;ai Gfi1J~r(fjlt.b? ~ro LJ, '[!jITW ~GiJru' 6Tro.f!)J &.f!)J W @UJITCT.W @,rnfUJGUJ @!B1!i 1LruCT.di@ iJ)1WG1T~ 8iCT. gfrfUJ WlTffi ,fFa;w,CT.irr 6TW UG6>flj UJITfJITfUJ W.f!)J8;CT.(YJ14-1LJ ~ WIT? LDdJ{D/M ~W U ITdJ {!J~W flj6lJ{!JlTffi tLuGUJITCT.Gw. dI/~Iilw ,fF8i@GUJ GUITI .. ..l4-rnUJ tL~LIT8i®$I{D/M. : GUITLI4-8i® 1Lmr~W8; CT.1T(JmTW ~wt.5iw ~{iJ£l)Gro. 1LmrmwUJITGOT ~mwtDIw .£/ di/M BTUJlj6lJuSlwG6>wGUJ. Jljw 6rilLD{D1T ~rnLDrnUJ !Lmr J W L_IT 8i@j8il{!J.:f!jl. ~fljW (YJI4-IOlJW JljwrnwGIU. {ljwmwuSlw ~{iJ{Drnru:iJ rjb6lJ{!JITCT.# ,fFiJ)1di~fUJG{D ~~. Q Qa;m;'G'lru Gi,fFuJ U6lJW, fljW ®bP!BrnfljuSlw WfMWG1T ~WUITGiJg~LU uL(l;l ~rnrjb.9: Q5uJ@(I!;8iCT.rorrw. ~6lJWfM ~wLJ UruGCT.ITl.!I_ !LUSifr a;61f)Lw fi)GiJruITLDGiJ ~ti>fb.9: @tD/1U ®YJ{iJmfbu.~LW a;L@~@~@$I{D.:f!jl. a;L_@mrLITiJ)1W fi}GiJG1fl6lJGilUrn {D1TiJ)1W ~GfJ dl/wGu dI/~. 6T6iJfUJIT.f!)J QfUJ6YfIU U LLIT iJ)1W ,fF , rf] @6iJlOlJru$lrn

101
(!JJ@rolJ.:f!jlW ffl G(J ffl® ~w L5/w ,fF8;@UJITG6lJGUJ 6£irorr8ia;u u(Elrum{fJ8i a;lTmTblJlTw. [i)GiJ6lJIT6£iI4-GiJ 6IfJu<§5iJ@{iJ® .. @ fJ~ (fjl a; ITfJ~ ffiJ a; m ett fjJ LI L[ 8; Gi ai ITW ill G Jlj(i!j W-r ?fW!f)J IEmrn us, w{bQ {DITm!f)J fbm us; ~w .{!)J ~ W LJ, wdJGl [!JITw.{!)J Gi6lJ!f)JU Lj. 6T~ ~/ {l5J1OlJ gfrru LDf7W.:f!jl? ~ #,fFUJ WITa; 9Gf/58;@a; Gla;lTwma;GIU. .:f!jlm6lJ{fJw ~GiJrof7 {fJ CT.(i!jdi.:f!jl8ia;G1fl<ifTuu{b{l5Ju urmu Gum.b '. JljITW dl/fb!a; ClJljVw .:f!jlm!iillfba; a;®di@GiJ ~dJa; (1jJt.qUJIT fMfbrTW. 9@a;a;w, aTUJ{ljruuSlW6rilLD @ru{iJ{l5Jm uSlai6lf UJrtt5{D ruL@UJ(_LpW tLlUrt{iJ{D {DdifM6lJ8; c'F.®iJ.:f!jlw @G1flmTtl>fM GUfTa;8;<'J.:J.Jj...UJm611TW!f)J ~@iL5/uuGfb 6 6TWfM G{bITa; a;LD. {bwGlro{l5J, ~@8;a;w @!iilldJm{D dl/mL!iillfb{iJa;1T a; 1Lriila;w 6T~mTr1iJa;rn<ifT $tiiJa;w gGbP Qa;fT~@6lJ(J G6lJ~I4-UJ @GiJmru. WfT[!JfTa;, {bwGlw[!5), ~@a;a;w fi}!iill{b£6lm tL~G1flW UJITW dl/I4-UUG1flLmUJ ~mL!iillfb{iJ@j uSla;6lfw 1LUJfr!B{b fbiJfM@JtiiJa;re!Jw ~r§(§fTW (YJlSI-6lfa;@!jw G)'!j!QO)6lJ. LD~fb ~ {J516lf 6TW U.:f!jl ~6lJm.:f!jl {lj GiJ6lJf7!p~ {iJ@j6TWVfTW fM ~6U6lJ. LDITfIJtt a; {D W ru tt YI&G1fla;uSl ~6iJGl6lJ IT(I!; gdrn{DuSl iJ)1W eM£6l@j w LDL(ElGLD {bwrnw8; a;rrUUfT{iJ.f!)J8iI{D.:f!jl. fi):t>fb dI/{l5JGfUJ !iill~ UITLfT@jW. eM{l5J@j !iillG'ff([!jtl>Grjbrr.f!)Jw {bW8;@j IEGiJ6lJ.:f!jl. 6TGU6VfT&5G1flwa;@!jw Grfljrrw{D8i a;1T(JmTW 6TGU6'G'l~IU{iJ{D fflw{l5I {iJ@j {bITW 6T6U6'G'lru6'G'lUJ6J{iJu(EldiilUJa rflj 6TW &;/ {DlTm a6lJrfljlT{iJ@. ~mLJ, 6TGU6'G'lru8;@J1LLUL(fjl @{l5IUJulTmfba;w e!Jl6lJW Gl56U S2I wGurr gd fb6'G'lLDUJ5.di Qrfljrf/ a;,{D.:f!jl.[i).f!)J iluSl GU tt ulT!QO)f!juSlm LD.f!)JGa;ITI4-6'G'lUJTL@WGUf7/M 6 ~.:f!jlG!iill a;LIOlJ ctttt a;di @a;YI@[!J.:f!jl. fb6'G'lWGUIT6U G{fJlTm.f!)Jw eM6O!W ~@m ailT VmT (YJw {bwuSI L aLD 1LWG'ff.:f!jl 6Trn $I{D.:f!jl G!iill rfljlT tl>fbw. @UJdJ6'G'la;mUJ8i a;Ltl>fb UJIT6'G'l(JILJLD@{fJ{ba;IT5.a; @j{iJ{DW ,fFrrLL.lTfbfr [!jwtSia;ma; ~{iJ{D6lJrt a;G1T1T LDWW ~ 1iJ-{iJ.:f!jl CT. GUIT a;fT&5rtCT.m. UJfTVIT!iill.:f!jl 6lJtl>.:f!jl6'G'la;Gla;IT@a;a;rrGiilL.....LITGU {!iU tSiuGu tt a; (ljJIiJ-UJIT{fJ @LdiilGiJ @6'G'l{DUUL@wG<ifTrrW

gmr(£i58i@ 6TWU~ ~!B{fJ ~dJLJ{fJwlTrm c9iUJ{ljrouSlwmw, @1U1TCT.W, ~WLJ, @m6lJGUJ. fi)rfu®wrorr ~G'7 iLmrmLDUJf7W 1LUSi®wrorr 5a;i/ .:f!)I.:f!jlG6lJ. 6TrmG6lJ GrufblT!BW @tl>{fJ ~®6'G'lwmUJ 6ll~1LJ.f!)J di.:f!jl8il {DITm. IiI (J U ~a=dif;i dJ® @fJmr(El a;IT(JmTffiJCT.W @®a;a; (YJI4-UJf7~. 6TwG6lJ {bITW fiJ~{fJ 6lJdJLJ.f!)Ji~ $IG{DIT W. eMYJ8iI UJ{fJITW ~ UJUtSi{b®rfI UJ d {fJIT rm ~G {fJ dI/ mLJ{fJITm 6TGiJrnrua;® iLLU(fjl6lJ {h ITGiJ &5rnwUJIT CT., fi}!pfUJlT a;di ClfljlTw.{!)Jw 6Tm£l)ITGiJ tSifJU~5W

5.m.

102
1iiT~.[f)J {tI~mJij1W LDmLiJ <ff;/iirrl;JlDlfwGQ/Gffl-LrrW. -dMUUlS/@®9;a; (!:PlS/-UJfT@ 1iiT'iirr 8J{D@ GQJ;!EfT{i;fbw. £ljrrw UL(£IU L/(gJJ;a;~wu GurrGil ~(lJj9;$IG{DrrW. fDwuSlLJJ5)(IJj[bG;!E .!W~ru @~y>Jijffil8; &'L...~L gL~l_rr 8;@5$/G{lJfTW. £ljfTW~LGl1Iru £ljrrGw ~fh{b@5dtr a;L_(£Iuu(£l$lG{lJfTw. ~mfTru @.t!)J IiiTU GUfT tpJw filGiJQJfT{!5I®uuiflru~@J. ~rb#)8; a;,_LlS/-GruG/lJ
t-!I,.,,_,,__,

103
filflJdJ@5 LDfT[I)rrCf,@®8;Cf, (yJlS/-UJ JtJ. tt gQmliilffJru £Ij~~wGUJ fDw~ [ilUJ61JL..f, gJTuJ~LDGUJ fDLDJtJ @/lJ6ULj. ~rb<ti [i)UJru~u ~®GurrJtJw ~y99>a; (yJlS/-UJfT.t!)J. [bLD.t!)JIQ..Gffl- ~w {j)UJ6ULj 6T uGUfT .t!)J flll;J 1h~~LDUJ tr a;GtOlI W @@ja;@jw. !llfT W 4 rfI [b:!b1G'Ja;rrrofrtOfT tOlI~ LfJ-UJ.t!)J G @.tlj/.]tOlI. ;!EtOlI!J)J, ?bmw IiiTwG'i{lJw(iI)rnb j!jrrw W8'fTruUtOll tb m[I)u U(iI)r;;3 w#i ;!EfTGruGUJ j!jfTLb Qo:ciJ&1Gf!)fTw. uruf5'3mGwfT ~t6I6rfJLD UJfTru tOl.I@j&1fDJtJ. UfTtOlIW 6T'iirrumfl36'S1Lj, fhtOll.f!)J 6T66r{D @}fTrrj,61fIfbGUl iii {Dt6f!jQ fb GJT IDfT'iirr a;(I!j:!b1&lG!D 66r. U tr tOll W 6Trn U JtJ (!:J!{b~.:u j!jfiiJru 6lJfTrrJijmfhUJ tta;i;flJrrm fi]®t6<ti@. ~lWTfTo;U t5JrnGJTrr ~i16iJ SlL...l1J-8;Qa;fT~L a;®1E,giJ 6TGJT8;@j-# 8' dJ !J)JU U UJLDmJ U U1!itt a; I!L W ea :ffjJ • lU tt rr IDW m LD ~{!5I~.6ICf,GYTfT.$, LDfT!Dt6ImfTrr.$~? [bfTClLD fDw ma;.!h~.,.mru a;mrr a;m G1T &lUl-8; Gla;fT ~ (£I ~® L._LfT a; @®a;8J[lJJtJ 6T~!J)J ~@$)G{DfTLb. ~a;a;alW 6T(£IdiJa;~! Q6lJmJ#e=w QWi,rf/wfTfiI{D§;J. Qru~8:8'Lb 6TuGUfT JtJw @@8;&1[lJ.t!)J. LD~fb ~ rn WfT~r;;ir 8iUJ '§1srfl 6TuGurr JtJ L.b IQ..v;1rW JtJ. [bGl1m b6/<8ff!JfTafla:.m 6Trnm Gle=rrru$l!Drrr'r 6T'iirr U m {b IEdiJa;s1r G a;L_a;G5/ rumruU1fr? U rf} G'IJ6T tt l.D1EiI!D@j 8; a;fTl;JtmTw IiiTWGJT?~m8'. b6/rudiJ@j ~G15rr 9'iirrm[lJ8= Q8'uJUl 6'S1 ®wL/ 5:1{D JtJ, ~ {bdJ@5 ~ dJ[D (§wffi'I m rua;~ ~m W UJ 6&6U~GI). 6TmClQJ f}C!!; LJ@UJ- g)_L~(iI)U U~L8;$)fD,giJ· UlfTrr umLJijf!jJtJ? ~t6{b Gl1IruriilGa;, ~flJw e=riil8iruuGw. {BrilIa;m uSJa;8= iiI{l5IUl ~t1JUrT6&s&®t6ffil {j)!5f!j !6I~ru8;@j ffilJwfrfij
1!LJ!)l

iIQCf,rrw@!Jrfiw;r;/rr.

n:;:rTln

f':'Jlr.,tJlllt::1OfrrTt::\, _r-L...&J---~--"''''·J~-Af

C'l"m In,.', ...,rL....II~.JYJi;_I

I I!~ 1Ll ... ,'·lU#liJtS6JlUUCUfrGlJ L L...I_._.,_~

8T:fD~j)(JWfT a; Qrurarfl(]ILl!J)JG6lJlTw. ~dl{li8; a;rrw QJGIDGlJ~/lJ IDfTGw [bwmw8= &[btD/u t.Sl~..mu51@.9;&1G[DrrLb. ~£DIlUfTmW a;rT(J~WfT a; ud>1llUuLL.uJrr 8>~WU Gurr6V {Dt.Dmw9> a;®@8:. G'Ja;fT~(Jjl lL:fD~8;<'F.fT.$9; .$f!j¢l oo!){@8JG[lJrTw. ~GJTfT6U ifL{bsm QffilJrarfluSidJ(!JjrbJtJ!Oll®GlJ@fiiJm6U; tliLD8;@j I!Lwm/®$G1ll GlJ®~fD,giJ. @ditlJu t5J(JUr§8'/Jj)§!)Js1rW 6TrurufT 8iLVil.{W 8i~L<!:pW thflJ{I5I ~@rilI8i~. £ljrr6iIT 6lJ®L8;a;G;1JU 8:. 8irra;a; a;;;DpSJ@G#)r;;ir. a:.~L@uSi6U i!L;;DG'5I ~ tOlIW:!bJtJ, mrrfiiJ ~ ~~ ~m 8:.(:!!J &LwVitflC!!ijjfJ {lirTm 6lJdlfbgJ . fDfTW GJ8'1iJ fb ;!EtOlIm[D @lrua;8i ClQ/Gffl-Lq-UlfbfTuSidJ!J)J·filffilfbfTW fj1GI;J !Oll!ft/. 676ilTmm-# 8idJc6I IDfTGGJT t5Jw~UJroiTW rumGlJ6"6'IUl IDfTGm oo!){.f!)J /JGf!jUJfT a; GQJ~(£Jw. ~1llti)B>rTW ~tbfD~w IiiTm~GiT I!LGrr@"~. IDruru (lJJUldJ~GUJfT rhlU (!JJUldJ~(J,lUrr 6TGir 6lJrTwGl1Im 6Td>1b (JplUtb@t1..fW Gl1filmfTm il6U~GtJ 676iITu.t!)J ifL.f!)J@. 8iLdlfb ID61XjE!6"6'I6'6r, fh6'5lmm fi)(JGffl-Ul-~ 6&mwG6lJ [brT6iIT. 67mgJ ffilJfTfjl8;6"6'Ia;u5i61.> f1jfT~ U(iI)G'5I1!i/J {b6lJ.[f)Ja;sir Qo:li.Jj)(!yJ.8irufTw. ~ rofTru @!b#)/J ~ffilJ.f!)Ja;6"6'IS(T Qe=IiIUlfT LDW ~®fij@(lJjW -# {brr.:u filt6;;D rffi~GlJa;@ ffilJ[i5j)®a;a; WfTL._GL'iirr 6T6ilTUJtJ IQ...[f)J@. bTmGru {lj6lJjJ)l8iW Q8'uJ{lj{lj[D8ifT a; {DIT~ !Oll(f!j$fb G11IIiiU 6lJ. IQ.. L G 6'llT IEriil a;@!Jw G3 L llJ-dJ@j'# GJ.g:~ J!)l , ~ C2@}~(£JQl.DmG[D flJ@}.f!)J8iro1rQe=IiJUl (]!Ollr"w@w 676ilTU~ 6Tro.,gil 8i®i>.tPJ ~6Vfjl). 6T6isJm m j, {bGlJ(OfT a;u L/ rfI$~ GJs-.mirr ill tt rhrr a;GtT. ~ m tt 6il, Q0:iii 1h f!jtOll!J)J th!f§!!j8;a; IT 8i to)) (lJjd>i1 .d}I fJJ GGlJ~ LrTW. (!:J!liJ-G'5Iru 6To;U6lJfT e=rf)tu tr &IG£i(£lw fiTwu@ru w

a;m

@®a;$J!DrTc;:,61r. @Wrguw :LffiJ~w'

!Fffi!!hfD1JU~Gf5)<ffi

••

Gl.....

<ilrSi • • ~ff;J!T:

Q<'hfTliiffiGL Q5ruiWrilIa;~. ~6isJ~w GwGru ClurrrofIfr8iro1r. ~$tlJ8: e=rfiJa;ruuw 6TrurufTW GlJruru~. ~~ 6T6U6Urrw QJ6ilru~ 6"Trn-fDrTru, qm ~6ilT6'llTfT61.> bTruGtJfTffilJtb~fDlLjw Q.g:uJUJ (lJJI4-UJ Gffiru~GtJ 6T~.fI)J !EdiJ8iW Cla;L._a;6UrTw. ~6'llTfT61.> IEriilCf,~ lLr5J8iW @{!5IUJ '[EIT6W' 6Tmu~fbu utbtDI oo!){ruru6lJfT

104
~~@"Jll $I£D rr

105

a;w. ~

r.Etstt ffiI..sJ®~~

LDffil;;5

{ffIOi(jHjtJQJ~if

~!liJa;~tOrrGIU LS/~Gru-rr.#;~u Ui7®!liJa;m. UJrrrr @ruQJ<1fTGlj QifLo Q~J.iJ{D~? ~_ _rfila;~ a=riiIa;~uGw. ~UUl.SJ-lUrrmmiiJ ~~ 6TGiJrurnD IdlJrOiJru~ GT~ um flj m.Jiil a-.w rrw to !f)1'#'a-. (!pt.q...!Ljwrr? @@jQJ<1fTGIJ ~lLlrrffi1b tffi~ru.4;@j ~riua-.~G1T 8; Gla;rr~@ tiilJ/E{D&W, LD~}I.h ,g)_lLlrtti>Jhffi~ru.4;@ja; G t Qa;rr~@ Gurr.$GlJw Q,g:tUUJt.D.~tfu,g;~.#,@ GQJrd6rt.q...UJi!)J jGlS3T{9ruw, @ ~j!)l!ilUJrrm ,g:ffiJa;Gtluw @mQJGUJ. iLrfiJa-.W @UJ6iJGu ~mlJ)UJfTw$PJ, ~GJhrr fRGUof;QJ.!f)J!hW Gla=tiJif;J 651LLiJjrrbV [EffiJa;m ~Ltq-tD@# Q8'6M!D~w 8i~fbrOiJ ~;;ffi}~tu 8> a;L._t.q...'#'Gla;fT~(J;l, 5fT wUoo>ruu /d,fR#' Qa;fT~@, llLrfiJa;~ tiilJrr!p{9fTm (JJJ@6lJ~Lo ~@!P1 Gl,g;rr~ t.q...®a;a; GQJ~(jjILo 6T!W.f!)J Gla=rr6&TmrrGiJ ~~ gufua;~J;@ iLfJGU/ Q8'r.UtiilJ{!Jrra;rr~. UJfTfDfTa;~~ GW§Jilw ~a;va>mu vGUdmuu@#51!l~1dlJ Q5riJlLjt.h. ~uul1l-,j; ~mrrbV {9fTm ~riila;@!j.4;@ {hwmwa;lhrrro ru!flva>UJG5J L~ ffhmw8;lhrrro QJ¢lmUJGUJ a;fTLt.q...UJ~rr@jw. @~Jh ~m[D ~u5IlJ.9;a;~J; a;lTtPM~oo(£Jr!F,mrra; fi]®r,,-1rUJdrr48; ~LUUfErra; m6lJ/J~J; Qa;fTwC:QJfTt.h. $!liJa;m ~mG6lT QJ~~, '83GlUrr, fflC:if ~(!!jwrrlh {jjJ(l}jj;~!DC:1fj!' 6Trn-./f)J ..ff)/@~p5tta;w. ~of!irorrGiJ fj)® G1r wm[D'4WfT? f}(J!; ~8;«!!j'#lRmUJ iLlJ $rfu 8isrr, lh~C:{9IJ~@ru ~6TfI QJ(!!jliJ!D4M' QJfT~{DfT~ CYl@QJ~W, '!11GQJfT,fjjmw Q5uJ~GiiJLGL~, VIOl)~QJ!f)1a;mtOrr# Qa=tU:!!Jl Yi6/L_GLGro!' GTW.!J)f LjlOl)wLjIdl.l;!5rr5iJ 6Twm UILl~? @mfE ~(J;i/J~; Qa:.rr6U6V ~® GUILjW G{Dtlm6lJu1IruOO>GlJ. fjFiff)mIW}, lhrr t;;W(J;i QJ fT(l}jriila;6tr, ~(!!j 8i1i'm" ~i)GiJ fEmLD l1)rQifJ{D~fM 6'5i(i)iW. @jliimtp6UmGllTO= Gla=W6mI.DU u(];l.j)/Plrfila;ro • 6T uGurr ~W M~{!Jrr~r, f!rD1fJ~8;~, @;!5:t5Jf!iJ8".~r. ~f5J<$6lT fELUj- GT@uLjffila;w. ~G>.J W ro.orf) Qlj8;«fj W

0I6S1GlJ6lfJ1LJ [Mrw &@jQ6lJffGlI(§W GTLL G6lIoo(];lw GT~,g)J !D rTW tOJ1I(§ hL/~G [DW . ~QJfr a;m~ 8; @j6ID[D aiL.f!)l6lJ{!){iJ@jU L u@r,,-vrra;, '&G7fI t.£J4a;ruGGlIT, 6T@/E®(!!j. 6T iJGUfT ~w plLJ61/JGlIT GT(IJ!$fijJC!!J.tS/!DULj @{DULj ~{iJ!DQJa~T 6T@$i)®. GT6Urum.b 6lJ~6UQJG6M, GT@~jgJ ~mjM ZLOO6lfJLD @UJG1J6IDU QGlJWluu@dJ~· @/E{!j ~tDU riJmrua;m SLm8;®~ {!)@j!B{bm6lJ ~W6U' GTill,g)J Q5rrGiJ~r51a;W. @$P1G 6lJ ~ /J6lfJ6lJ{bW &_g;u W uS!,£f, ~iU ri-tfjlfj LS/lJfT #3 rt ~:m6M. fPWfPJ ~'*r6ll)L.D @1LJ6iJOOlU, fPw(!:proirGm GTuGurr /PlW ~wrfiJ@jW a;L@/~.;;rr, GTG1J6ID6UUJ DfDtPJw bTG1JliUrrW 6lJruru ~ Lb t fll~SIDW {!i(l}j6UtPJW {!jillwlOl)w ~dJ!D$Plw bTG1JOOl6V8>61r fiJru eo« f!J~Wff6N ~mfE 6TLJGUfT $P)W tf;/OOlS6rLll.JfPJi'fJffW ~G(J 15IlJrrrr .j)flj6lfJ6N. ~[i51b IiJUJ5iJLj arUJfDGUWJD!D{!irra; fi]®UVfljrr6iJ 6lJ G15/SID W tffi SID!D it {b {D tt lh@/W U UJLfJ tD!D{!i tt r!1i GlJ W ~ fiiTr G'ff ~ • ,g;UJfDrui;@Gl5I(l!jri>G~ UlUW GlJ®lil[D~. ;'hw#.a;rr a; ~~GJ)!D GJ1/(!!jWUfT{!iGlJ6irr UJrrmt;r#. 8>QM(];l UUJUUL GGlJ~@tb? nnrtt
~6lJ6lfJmu

q6ID-

~S8'

UUJ(!Jl g)1 i.1!5 C!Pl1I-lLJ Lb? LDt;rG'ffi ;~ tD@ .4JlQJ!W i G6lJr.>ffi@W? ~6IDLDlLlrr6iJ ~61Jmm ~.#$.!!)M;J{!i

Cl:P '4- UJ I.Dtt?


IOTmGrotJ {hrrLo ~ #5(;(j)6lJila;(QtT 8> fi](!!j~f!j1T 6iJ, @%{!ia. rr aimr /J@~®%G{!i {DLD@ USID!j)tLl {hrrw fi]!D~~ ~ySI/E$P1 Gl1JL_L_Qf!jGN 6T~1OW ff)J G6lJ~(ElW. ~!bof!>U U(;(j)!j)lU ~®, w®wi/, @ju:mf1, @mmrrrT 6Tcillum61J GTGUGUffW LD6ID!D/E.{tiJ sE'iLLro. ~6lfJ6lJ QIOll.f!)JW e!iLlbwOJJ;6ll)a;aicirr. bTrf_T;filu5I(!!Ju Uff;J GTill,ff)Jw .§jfTr.U6lfJLDUJrrGN, TUGUfT:2)JW iL.Q)JffMl11ffm, 6 _"ruGUrrw QJ~GU, GT~jvGVmJJ dW{!51{i>flj Qurr®m. ~ffJ WL@.GLD JljWW)LW 6Trf_T;{i}!Ljmw~. 6H;UGUrT UUJ(!:fJtD fhwu\lL_C!!;rt~ ~ a;~ .ff)J Gfi! @fi/ fD~· bTrfil®w £I6lfJ[D/E1!5 JljUJa.@) ILlmt ffErfu@) Qa=tUUJ (!pLq ... JLjW? [l>wuSlLu5I®$~ 6HillQ)(1 UOlJliJ16orriiJ$(~t1J ~a;ffi .f!)ls5iLLGlIT. ~6M) [!jID§31 flJIJ GGllmru [!jl.DjpJ5Ga;,'J"{!JiJrt a;m:JL(Y;W !i)~~ ~[l5I6lfJQJ rotJwrtuuC:f!j . ."gJI@r1aim gILl

~~~rn- ~~ii!flUJ
<'FfDW$@jLD

@UJ6iJ6mU QGlJWlu ~/v;n)of!iii i..£)a;,§; Ga;6lJ6UWrrm LD~1!56M)iWw, a, Gffi"~ W ~ ~ LD,7 v;n)61J 8; a;fT~ W
~6lJQfO}jITQljfO}jrfJ§Ww

::106

~ Girr LD IT <OrGirr LJ.:fP-I {5 LD c!i; @5 ~ Q tErfllLl~ru~<DV _ ..d!)jGlJ IT a;~8>@ ~6VrT BiGiT ~riila:;<OiT <Or6U~6l..JILJ{b!D
[_ljITLD m_~GlJ

a;. rfJ lLJ Lb , ~ 6l..I rT c9i ~ 8;@51b @~ a;. 8> c9i!bL!iJc!i;a; G:CiU.J~@Lb_
G;)

GGlJ~@L£,.
rQlff ~

~6'Ua;Lb 6T
LJ 6'lrr

@UJ.oU~LJ G'/6l.I6Tf) L.JLJ®~~ c!p(_!£>6l.I:/D{b®L.b @uG:L..IIT.1!jJ


{D

G:tEGlS'>G'lJ IT UJ

@.§!jJ ~ITGisT

GigG:

[_ljFTtOfrr
IOl..J _

fiji

c01S>fOlrr

8itii1G:

{D6OT _
LDIOtOGU

@di;fh.9; Qa;.IT6Yr6"IDaiai6iT a;. 61:nG'iYT lLf L.b 6'11l L__L.J LJ rr: IT ~ (iiJ <Oln6UlLI rr <Or5T~6V _ J!Q_~~LD
@fiii>G1fl6U_ ~ fOlirsrGlfl

!:;p6l:OLDUJIT6'lrr<QID(@.J,.
6'lrr<OtO

LJ<QID/:;pUJ
J!Q_tG7:il:fftOtn

LD IT

<Or.oU6l..J IT

LOUJ

Lh

rOT di

~C:Gl..I
~67SF)

IT

IT

.-or ~ LJ.:!i!il @tOlSTey::>L.b,.


G) <!iF IT!i>~ ~

UJ IT C[!j<5lnL_UJ
6T

Q <!FITd;§J Lb
(!P L.SJ-lL1 IT.:t!jJ_ _ UJ ITer

J}jff6 ~
L..I

.pjGl$T/ LD6lSTI.pj@fULb @UJ6ULj


L-rTL.__ G)~rT~®

LD 8i~

d;

LJ

L..I L._L_

Lb

IT t;T IT L____l_

J!Q_~<O?flLD

<OTGisT LJ..:fPI
~61Sf]

tOTru(QUfT
{DIY

GisTLDrT a;ai;;;yflGisT QaifT~

rr6i.J

~a;.6l5f1
~

l_LD

LJ L..IL._l__ Lb eDiT

~rFJGlflLD

Q;PLq-u..;W?

a
~

6l.I

<Or5Trr6U ~@Lh,

[iij;)<Ot5>~
~ ~

Q<!FUJ6Uc!:p
iT.9;c9i
tOT

.:ort:iS7TJeOIDLDUJ
Glfl LD 8i

c:1Ol..J~(f;>L.b

GlJ>{Du!iJGU

~cr
L.L5J 8i

( fi?JG>blrrt07SfJr<iU
.:or<OYf=)<OlS) LO UJ

UJ

rr [b ~

U G LJ rr: .:!f!iJ L.b


c!F IT ~

@ (!!j.9;®W)·_
~

g?6'rT@(£!jfD'1i) ,.

G) LJ rr ~Gl.J<Ot5>£__6U>LDt.U

k £i; ~ ~ tDJ G'lJ rr.-orT/eiiGiT, 6?Rrr" G'> LJ <:ifi7flrr, ®!:Pti>1OO"> ~ ~<Ot5>t07ST6V


!Q_UJ

6Fc!::p~rTtL..I:Jij

fijI.!fiJ» 6iTCOYT ~GilQ6l..I


®.9;®Lb

rr: a; 6l.I IT C!!j6l.l rf} l__(!p L.b @.:f!:d


ITer
G7S7ST

LD<Dl5fJ :fi6
Gl.I

rT

c9i cc;U- "

s:E ~4!:J
~
UJ rT

6)J.4;

a: airT

rr: c9id; fijlc9ifd:) L._LJ rr@8>GiT,.


IT ~

a: 61..I~@L.b

9G erG:
_ ~rT Oie9i

6l..IeOIDGYTu!iJGl..>

IT

:!5r5..ra:;GiT ,
UJ a;

c!F rrDiu

fiji '7ffil8> <OiT ,


UJ IT ai

.€ii:J rf1 tOlS>

<Dh- .

6T6UeOUrT Lb
t07ffrT 6U

~C!Jja;fTGU~@6U @uCl:LJ IT Lb _

{ljrOi.>oOUcOl:n61.l l'OlJiT (£!j


LI

@C!!5t1>fijJ(!5.9;8>GUITL.b-

fOToU<OLlrT61.I tD61n!DUJ Lb LD675f) #jtDlSfJ L-(y:>W

L.L57 ~<Sl..J Lb
~<O"iT<O'tT ~
G1f W,.

GT6'ffIGlnLD

8i®G:

Q.J

;ep6:i1G'>
6l..J

G) LOu:.. LJ

G;)

LJ

IT (flj ~

<OtTG

UJ

ySl

(J;J

G"J LJ rr C£!j <OtT IT 8i


L.b

GiJ G'> 6)J rr: ([!j

LDtO?5f)

ff6@!,l1Lb

G)~iT~@

6l.IySI LJ ® LJ6l.ItOlSTrr aiGl.J 1DUC!!jG:6VrrLb! '-I

fiji ai

c!::p

L.b G'I

LJ rT<DirTror:rr IT 6ln<OYT c!i;

l.__D ""

OJ f) ~G6T

6"5i7 LDrr,s6!GiJ.
(!!jLb
~~ ~

-=..!PI S/ p 5T6V~

[b:;fb

r JjjJ.2J L.b ~

pSI u:» rr ~
~ ~

L_l____ rr: &Y'J ~

Lb

..,d!,J..I-G>

J Si'j; I

.Efj-'

6UUJ ~D ~'D

Q'.-.4:..fbr

.'2- oDjT rorr.dfjJ -

rSLf~oT

~6<).-"

0
.:li51.

"..,.~T
~o@_j<5if,. ~

5Ji:-'O §5.~

#5 L.J

G L..HT..JP-I;{ijC [iiJtb®Lb
lLJ ~<$ci)-

:fljl

G/:Ql../6'Y'T1
b
{9 IT I ~b

LJLJ·:J;l;€iJ;'D

<ST<OV<SJ:n6UlLJcD!D

~UD{r=fl6LfUll

.d!J).J:.tb[Dr51iiHf'Vu_tLC:.

6157$T,rftj.&ifjf

6TCLfiJti>$!il

thn-GiT

LL1 rr'::::;;';I LJ

.<!h r;o{j"J

<::0 Lb rfiI <!£> W.# ffF!=:n Q 8' (jj CIt <iii'J:_J IT Lb!

tDl1Jii.G~

f!iJ(fljL.b-

r:r~

LJ

c&~ ~

-3" =

~-IIi5$b
:=rr-GU':!!j

Lb

IS B N 8 1- 7 1 20-7 4i 2 - 1

B.s.

1.50.00

9 17881 '71 207428

" ll11111~

~lln~~ ~IIIII!

You might also like