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O· 5< Bn~ad ><22#
\~keaj7 -5 #
ca~b~fko}aobLfcbad/ejc # ca~b~fko}aob/vj~m|~kuu/ejc
\K^AJMAEJ MKD CJYACAKO]J MK AWR[AK^MB ^KYJD[EAJOB^AB
ejo dju }~bnbgbmj~ku q kd |{kndj
E`{n{}7 i~b{mk qebãmb mk Mbu Okyku
# \âf/ = #
\jdã}aeb Obeajobd\jdã}aeb Obeajobd
Ckomjwb ~ke`bwbdb ckfbcaok~ãb
# \âf/ ;#
Edbuk }~bnbgbmj~b
Db d{e`b ejo}~bdb }k~ek~awbeaõo
# \âf/ 6 #
Ejo}~b kd ac|k~abdaucj$ ¢yayb kd dkybo}bcako}j â~bnk"
\âf/ 22
Ua}{beaõo ao}k~obeajobd 
¢Eb~dju I{ko}kbdnb$ \^KUKO]K"
Mk kuj OJuk `bndb///
' |~keb~awbeajodbnj~bd' }k~ek~awbeajo' nbgju ubdb~aju
Ejckowõ ejo }jmj kd ~{amj kdke}j~bd/ ]~a{oij ha~e`ok~au}b ko Eb}bcb~eb$ ejcaeajui~b{m{dko}ju ko E`{n{}$ bckobwbu q }kouajoku ko}~k db Ebub ^jubmb q Cjqboj/Kd ha~e`ok~aucj q db j|juaeaõo |b}~jobd uk }a~bo ejo }jmj ko u{u ~ku|ke}aybu ao}k~obu q uke~{wbo m{~j ko}~k kddju e{bomj |{kmko/ Uao kcnb~fj$ oaof{oj e{ku}ajob db m{~b ~kbdambmmk {o cjmkdj kejoõcaej r{k }akok u{ uke~k}j ko db cauk~ab ubdb~abd q db |~keb~awbeaõo mkdbu ejomaeajoku dbnj~bdku mk o{ku}~b edbuk }~bnbgbmj~b/ Ujn~k ku}j$ }jmju `beko uadkoeaj/
 
\âf/ > 
Ua}{beaõo Obeajobd
ejcj ^b÷d J}bek`k (Ck~dj!$ Cb~ajAue`aa (Gjuá E/ \bw!$ G{daj \k~kq~b(Idj~koeaj Yb~kdb!$ @{fj E{~}j (5 mkIkn~k~j! ko}~k j}~ju$ r{k d{kfj mk dbc{k~}k mk Oáu}j~ |~kia~ak~jo oj ~jc#|k~ iadbu q nboeb~ db |b~bmb/ Kuj uã$ko ojcn~k mkd |~jqke}j obeajobd q|j|{db~/
Db j|juaeaõo b mk~ke`b k awr{ak~#mb
Db j|juaeaõo |j~ mk~ke`b uaf{kmbomj yk~fôkowb bgkob/ \j~ ku}ju}akc|ju n{ueb ~kujdyk~ e{âd ku kdebomamb}j ejo ckgj~ acbfko q }~b#}bomj mk bdebowb~ dju be{k~mju |jdã#}aeju |b~b b~cb~ {o i~ko}k r{k|{kmb bd ckoju mb~dk |kdkb bd jiaeab#daucj/ Kd ~keako}k (q |b}á}aej! mje{#cko}j ko —mkikoub mk db mkcje~b#eab–$ ko ~kik~koeab bd ndjr{kj bEdb~ão$ ia~cbmj |j~ db [E^$ kd\k~joaucj Ikmk~bd$ db EjbdaeaõoEãyaeb q kd \^J ujo ao}ko}ju |j~ a~fkok~bmj bek~ebcako}ju/ Aoed{ujEjnju magj r{k ua uk djf~b {ob |db}b#ij~cb kdke}j~bd$ oj }akok oaof÷o |~{#~a}j ko a~ ejo M{`bdmk/ \j~ j}~j dbmj$Cbe~a uk uaf{k |~kuko}bomj ejcj kd÷oaej r{k dk |{kmk mau|{}b~ bd ha~e`#ok~aucj q |~k}komk ejou}a}{a~ukejcj bfd{}aobmj~ mkd ku|beaj j|jua#}j~/Dju |~ack~ju koubqju ~kbdawbmju koEb}bcb~eb q E`{n{} i{k~jo {o }k~#cõck}~j |b~b |~jqke}b~ db kdkeeaõo|~kuamkoeabd mk je}{n~k/ Db kp|ke}b#}ayb j|jua}j~b$ r{k k~b b~~boeb~ kde~jojf~bcb kdke}j~bd ejo mju ukf{#~ju }~a{oiju$ uk }~bouij~cõ ko mkub#wõo ejo db mk~~j}b |b~b kd ~bmaebdau#cj ko kd oj~}k q {o kueâombdj |jdã}a#ej cb~ebmj |j~ kd i~b{mk ko kdE`{n{} mk Cb~aj Mbu Okyku$ ao}k#f~bo}k mkd \k~joaucj Ikmk~bd/ Bo}kkd |boj~bcb jue{~j$ uk dku y{kdyk{~fko}k maukòb~ j|eajoku ejcj dbumk koeb~b~ {ob ao}k~ob ko}~k }jmb dbj|juaeaõo/ ºA~âo Cbe~a q M{`bdmk g{o}ju b dbu |~acb~abu mk bfju}j:\j~ u{ |b~}k$ \~jqke}j U{~ n{uebejou}a}{a~uk ejcj db ~kik~koeab mk dbj|juaeaõo —|~jf~kuau}b–/ @bnakomjdjf~bmj be{k~mju ejo D{au G{kw koEõ~mjnb q n{uebomj `bek~ dj caucjejo Naook~ ko Ubo}b Ik$ dbu maik~ko#}ku kp|~kuajoku |jdã}aebu g{o}bu
Kdkeeajoku ><227 b~cbomj g{kfj
# Kdkeeajoku ><227 b~cbomj g{kfj(|âf/>!# Kma}j~abd7 Mk kuj oj uk `bndb (|âf/ 5!# Kd i~b{mk q db ebãmb mk Mbu Okyku(|âf/ =!# Kck~fkoeab `bna}beajobd ko Ea{mbmmk N{koju Ba~ku(|âf/ =!
# Ckomjwb ~ke`bwb db Ckfbcaok~ab(|âf/ ;!#
D{e`b mk ku}b}bdku mkd Caoau}k~aj mk]~bnbgj (|âf/ 9!# Eb~dju I{ko}kbdnb$ ¢\~kuko}k" (|âf/ 9!# \~ji{omawb~ db d{e`b ejo}~b db}k~ek~awbeaõo (|âf/ 6!#
CM\7 e~õoaeb mk {o b{cko}jbo{oeabmj
(|âf/ 6!# Ko}~kyau}b b Km{b~mj Mãbw$mk db Ejc{oaebm Rjc
(|âf/ 0!
# [OFU7 Kp|k~acko}ju ibddamju q~kij~cbu mk cbr{addbgk (|âf/ 1!#Db bh~kma}beaõo ko db [oayk~uambmmk Cb~ mkd \db}b(|âf/ 1!# Ij~cbeaõo7 ~ko}b mk db }ak~~b (|âf/ 2<!# Ejo}~b kd ac|k~abdaucj$ ¢yayb kddkybo}bcako}j â~bnk" (|âf/ 22!#
 Gjuá Eb~dju Cb~aâ}kf{a7 oa ebdej oaej|ab$ e~kbeaõo `k~jaeb
(Ejo}~b}b|b!
U{cb~aj7
Dbu oj}bu ia~cbmbu |j~ u{ b{}j~*b oj okekub~abcko}k kp|~kubo kd |b~kek~ ejdke}ayj mk db j~fboawbeaõo/ Ko ebcnaj$br{kddju b~}ãe{dju mk j|aoaõo j mk boâda#uau uao ia~cb mknko uk~ ejouamk~bmjuejcj kp|~kuaõo mk db |juaeaõo |jdã}aeb mk o{ku}~b j~fboawbeaõo/
]jmju dju ejo}koamju mk db |~koub koejo}~bdju ko///
ca~b~fko}aob/vj~m|~kuu/ejc
Dbu kdkeeajoku cb~eb~âo kd |{dujmk db kuekob |jdã}aeb
D 
b mau|{}b kdke}j~bd ko}~k kdfjnak~oj obeajobd q db yb~aj#|ao}b j|juaeaõo yb b uk~ {ojmk dju kgku r{k cb~eb~â ejou}bo}k#cko}k db bfkomb `bu}b je}{n~k/ \j~{o dbmj$ kd fjnak~oj H n{ueb~â ukf{a~ejo u{ ebc|bòb |{ndaea}b~ab ~ku#|ke}j mk dju djf~ju mk dju ÷d}acjubòju$ q bo{oeabomj bdf{obu ckma#mbu |b~b ejoujdamb~ db bm`kuaõo komaik~ko}ku uke}j~ku mk db |jndbeaõo/Bdf{oju kgkc|dju mk ku}j i{k~jokd bo{oeaj mk db bc|dabeaõo mk dbBuafobeaõo [oayk~ubd |j~ @agj b|b~}a~ mkd }k~ek~ cku mk kcnb~bwj qdb ~keako}k u{nb bd cãoacj ojac|joandk mkd ac|{ku}j b dbufboboeabu/ Mk ukouandk ac|be}j db|~ack~b$ mk ubnj~ b cafbgb dbukf{omb/ Ujn~k}jmj e{bomj f~bo|b~}k mk db edbuk }~bnbgbmj~b b|k#obu ddkfb bd cãoacj ubdb~abd q ebuadb ca}bm ejn~b ko okf~j/ Ckmambuáu}bu r{k ibyj~keko b uke}j~ku c{q|{o}{bdku$ |k~j r{k oj bybowbo kodb ~kujd{eaõo ku}~{e}{~bd mk djuf~bomku |~jndkcbu mk db cbqj~ãbmk db |jndbeaõo/B db |b~ mk ku}j$ E~au}aobIk~oâomkw b÷o oj uk |~jo{oeaõ|÷ndaebcko}k$ n{uebomj cbo}kok~ dbb}koeaõo ckmaâ}aeb q db kp|ke}b}aybko u{ i{}{~j$ b{or{k uk mb |j~ mku#ejo}bmj u{ ebomamb}{~b b db ~kkdke#eaõo/Uao kcnb~fj$ oj }jmj u{kob bo{kyj ko db j~r{ku}b H/ Db n÷ur{kmbmk bdabmju ejo dju e{bdku ukf{a~ ejo#ujdambomj kd ebua ukf{~j$ bd ckoju|j~ b`j~b$ }~a{oij mkd jiaeabdaucj$ ukkoe{ko}~b ko dj câu
~kebdea}~bo}kmk db yakgb |jdã}aeb
$ ejo}~b db e{bd kdha~e`ok~aucj$ u{|{ku}bcko}k$ |~k#}komãb dkybo}b~uk/ Kd be{k~mj ejo kdckokcau}b \b~}amj Dkbd}bm qMafoambm$ |b~b b|jqb~ db ~kkdkeeaõomk Nkmk~ @k~~k~b$ be}{bd fjnk~obmj~mk Db ^ajgb |j~ kd I~ko}k |b~b dbYae}j~ab$ uk djf~õ b ebcnaj mk r{kEb~dju Ckokc ukb ebomamb}j b dkfau#dbmj~ q |{kmb ~kojyb~ u{ nboeb ko kdUkobmj/ Dj r{k jnyabcko}k dk |k~ca#}a~â ukf{a~ cbo}koakomj u{u i{k~ju qkya}bomj koi~ko}b~ g{aeaju |j~ dbeb{ub BCAB j db yko}b mk b~cbu bE~jbeab q b Ke{bmj~/ Db o{kyb |ju#}{dbeaõo mk Fadmj Aoui~âo koIj~cjub$ r{k yb |j~ u{ r{ao}j cbo#mb}j8 kd b|jqj ko Ubo G{bo b db ~kij~#cb ejou}a}{eajobd |b~b |k~ca}a~ db~k#~k mk Gjuá D{au Fajgb$ ~k|~kuko#}bo}k mk dbu caok~bu ebobmakouku qoj~}kbck~aebobu8 j dbu mkedb~beajokumk db ~keaáo kdke}b fjnk~obmj~b D{eãbEj~|beea mkikomakomj b db ibcadabUbbma ko Eb}bcb~eb$ ujo uõdj bdf{#oju kgkc|dju mk dju o÷edkju m{~jur{k uju}akoko kd cjmkdj H q oj uac#|dku —ejo}~bmaeeajoku mkd |~jekuj–/\j~ u{|{ku}j$ oj ckoeajobcju bMboakd Ueajda$ r{k |~kiak~k r{kmb~ukcboua}j q ebddbmj |b~b n{ueb~ {oo{kyj |k~ãjmj ko db |~jyaoeab mkN{koju Ba~ku$ q ku|k~b~ `bu}b kd><2; |b~b |kfb~ kd ubd}j q mau|{}b~ kdkgke{}ayj obeajobd/ Cboua}j Ueajda$ejcj }bo}ju j}~ju nb~joku kp m{`bd#mau}bu mkd ejo{~nboj njobk~kouk$|jm~ãbo ddkfb~ b }kok~ |~kukoeab ~kdk#ybo}k ko dju e{b}~j mau}~a}ju câuac|j~}bo}ku mkd |bãu/ B÷o dkgju mk{ob mau|{}b mk |kuj ko}~k dbu i{k~#wbu câu mkub~~jddbmbu$ bu|a~bo bdjf~b~ {o d{fb~ ejcj —bd}k~ob}ayb bdna|b~}amaucj–/ Kd O{kyj Koe{ko}~j$r{k ddkyb b Cb~}ão Ubnb}kddb ejcjebomamb}j b fjnk~obmj~ njobk~ko#uk$ mknk mkiaoa~ iaobdcko}k ua ybejcj dau}b ejdke}j~b ejo E~au}aobIk~oâomkw b oaykd obeajobd/Mkeauaõo maiãead$ e{bomj b db ykw$|~k}komk cbo}kok~ ij~cbdcko}k{ob |~j|{ku}b |jdã}aeb ejo |k~u#|ke}aybu mk mkub~~jddj b{}õojcjmkd fjnak~oj/\j~ awr{ak~mb$ kd \b~}amj Jn~k~j|b~kek uk~ kd ÷oaej r{k ku}á koejomaeajoku mk bdebowb~ dju ~kr{a#ua}ju r{k kpafk db ~ku}~ae}ayb ~kij~#cb |jdã}aeb |~jc{dfbmb ko kd ><<1|j~ kd ha~e`ok~aucj/ Ku}b ~kij~cb}{yj db ao}koeaõo mk koebgjob~ bdbu mauamkoeabu mk dju |b~}amju|~aoea|bdku$ j~mkob~ b db }~j|b qjndafb~ b dbu maik~ko}ku i~beeajokub g{fb~ ko dbu ao}k~obu/ Uao kcnb~#fj$ ku}j }{yj ejcj ejouke{koeabr{k dbu i{k~wbu mk awr{ak~mb mknak#~bo koi~ko}b~ ~kr{aua}ju cbqj~ku|b~b |~kuko}b~ dau}bu |~j|abu |k~#makomj db cbqj~ãb u{ |k~ujok~ãb/R{awâu dj r{k oj uk |{mj bdebowb~|j~ db yãb mk db |jdã}aeb$ ua dj |{kmbejoe~k}b~ db dkfbdambm n{~f{kub |j~db i{k~wb7 ejoij~cb~ {o
i~ko}k mk}jmb db awr{ak~mb
j r{k db caucbma~acb ko {ob ao}k~ob {o ebomamb}j÷oaej/
@bq r{k |bub~ kd aoyak~oj kdke}j#~bd
\kuk b ku}k kuekob~aj mk i{k~}k|jdb~awbeaõo ko}~k db —mk~ke`b– q kdfjnak~oj$ r{k uk~â |b~}k mk dju |b~â#ck}~ju mk maue{uaõo ko dju |~õpacjuckuku$ `jq dbu i{k~wbu mk awr{ak~mb qdbu j~fboawbeajoku |j|{db~ku r{k}kokcju ejcj `j~awjo}k db ejou}~{e#eaõo mkd ujeabdaucj$ b÷o ku}bcju ko{ob k}b|b mk be{c{dbeaõo mk i{k~#wbu r{k oju |k~ca}b ko}~b~ ko dbkuekob obeajobd cju}~bomj r{k ku|juandk q okekub~aj j}~j |~jqke}j/Ko kuk ebcaoj$ db cbok~b mk ao}k~#ykoa~ ko dbu kdkeeajoku uaf{k uakomj|b~}k mk {o mknb}k oj ~ku{kd}j ko{ob f~bo |b~}k mk db awr{ak~mb ojedâuaeb$ n{uebomj uj~}kb~ kd madkcbmk db |b~}aea|beaõo ejo cbf~ju ~ku{d#}bmju mk dju |b~}amju }~bmaeajobdku jmk dbu ku}á~adku |~j|{ku}bu bnu}ko#eajoau}bu/ Ko kd cb~ej mk ku}k mknb#}k câu |~ji{omj$ db j|eaõo mk |b~}a#ea|b~ ko db nb}bddb kdke}j~bd ejcj {oi~ko}k câu mko}~j mk db d{e`b mk edb#uku$ oj mknk yk~uk ejcj ejo}~b|{ku#}j ejo db ejou}~{eeaõo ku}~b}áfaeb mk|jmk~ jn~k~j q |j|{db~/ Db ejou}~{e#eaõo mk ~kik~koeab mk {o |~jqke}jbd}k~ob}ayj |b~b bc|daju uke}j~ku mkd|{kndj$ ko db ejoij~cbeaõo mk dbi{k~wb ujeabd ~kyjd{eajob~ab$ oj mknkmkuejojek~ br{kddju ku|beaju mk dbyamb |jdã}aeb mjomk dbu cbubu ku}âomau|{ku}bu b aoyjd{e~b~uk q mb~mknb}ku ujn~k kd }a|j mk |bãu r{kmknkcju ejou}~{a~/
\km~j Nkokmk}}a
Kd ha~e`ok~aucj uk be{ku}b ko dju câu ~kebdea}~bo}k mkd b|b~b}j mkd \G |b~b fbob~ ko |~ack~b y{kd}b/ Db j|juaeaõo |j~ mk~ke`b q db eko}~jawr{ak~mb bombo b db n÷ur{kmb mk ebomamb}ju q bdf÷o b~cbmj r{k dku |k~# ca}b djf~b~ ~kdkyboeab q db awr{ak~mb$ jndafbmb |j~ db ~kij~cb |jdã}aeb$ bcbfb ejo {o i~ko}k {oa}b~aj/
—Db j|juaeaõo |j~ mk~ke`b uaf{k mbomj yk~# fôkowb bgkob/ N{ueb ~kujdyk~ e{âd ku kd eboma# mb}j ejo ckgj~ acbfko q }~b}bomj mk bdebowb~ dju be{k~mju |jdã}aeju |b~b b~cb~ {o i~ko}k r{k |{kmb mb~dk |kdkb bd jiaeabdaucj– 
 
Kgku7
Kma}j~abd
\âf/ 5 
¨
[o }kcb bnujd{}b#cko}k b{uko}k mk db maue{#uaõo |~k#kdke}j~bd ku db~kbdambm ko db r{k ukbuako}b kd cjmkdj kejoõ#caej ha~e`ok~au}b7 djunbgju ubdb~aju q bd |~keb~a#wbeaõo dbnj~bd/
¨
Obmak dj ckoeajob oa djmaue{}k$ |j~r{k }jmju dju|b~}amju |b}~jobdku }akoko{ob i{k~}k ejaoeamkoeab|j~r{k oj `bq {o cjmkdjkejoõcaej bd}k~ob}ayj bdr{k ji~kek kd ha~e`ok~au#cj/
¨
Ko ku}k kur{kcb$ dbEF] n~aomb {o uk~yaeajaoku}acbndk |b~b kdfjnak~oj7 cbo}kok~ ejo#}~jdbmju dju ubdb~aju/
¨
Dbu }kouajoku ko}~k db\~kuamko}b q Cjqboj oj`beko |kdaf~b~ {ob bdabowbr{k ku ku}~b}áfaeb kaou{u}a}{ãndk |b~b bcnju/
¨
B dju }~bnbgbmj~kuoju ej~~ku|jomk |kdkb~|j~ ubdb~aju mafoju$ ejo#}~b db |~keb~awbeaõo dbnj#~bd q bybowb~ ko db {oambmmk dju r{k d{e`bo/
Mk kuj oj uk `bndb
Oj `bek }bo}j…
R
{akoku qb u{|k~ko db nb~~k~b mkdju 5< bòju$ ukf{~bcko}k ~kej~#mb~âo ejo edb~ambm db ebc|bòb|b~b dbu kdkeeajoku |~kuamkoeabdku mk211;/ Ko kuju ejcaeaju$ kd \b~}amj G{u}aeabdau}b (\G! anb |j~ db ~kkdkeeaõo mkEb~dju Ckokc (d{kfj mk u{ |~ack~ q—kpa}juj– cbomb}j okjdank~bd! q ukkoi~ko}bnb b {ob ejbdaeaõo —ukca|~jf~k#uau}b– damk~bmb |j~ Gjuá Je}byaj Nj~mõo$|jdã}aej ckomjeaoj mk j~afko |k~joau}b$mk i{fbw |j|{db~ambm (r{k {ob máebmbcâu }b~mk uk~â mkuafobmj |j~ Oáu}j~Ha~e`ok~ ejcj kcnbgbmj~ b~fko}aoj koKu}bmju [oamju!/ Dju kgku mk ebc|bòbmk kubu kdkeeajoku i{k~jo dbu e{ku}ajokudafbmbu b db ej~~{|eaõo q db }~bou|b~ko#eab aou}a}{eajobd$ qb r{k dju ibn{djujuokfjeabmju mkd ckokcaucj yaoe{dbmju bdbu |~ayb}awbeajoku mbnbo c{e`ãuacb}kdb |b~b ej~}b~/ Ko kuk ko}joeku$ db—ybeb ubf~bmb– kejoõcaeb$ r{k obmakjubnb b e{ku}ajob~ ko dj câu cãoacj$k~b db ejoyk~}anadambm$ dbiae}aeab |b~ambm ebcnab~abko}~k |kuj q mõdb~ |k~fkòb#mb |j~ Mjcaofj Ebybddj|b~b i~kob~ db aoidbeaõo/ ]bdku buã$ r{k kuk }kcb ku}{yj}j}bdcko}k b{uko}k mk dbebc|bòb7 Ckokc fboõ ejo`jdf{~b q$ e{b}~j bòju câu}b~mk$ kd caucj Mk db ^÷buk ac|{uj b M{`bdmk |~j#ck}akomj mk ~jmaddbu |~âe#}aebcko}k r{k oj anb b}jeb~ kd —2 b 2–… Buã dk i{k q oju i{k/ºB r{á yakok db boáemj}b:B r{k nbgju o{kybu ij~cbu q ejo ejo}koamju mau}ao}ju$bdfj |b~keamj u{ekmk |j~ku}ju mãbu/ Obmak |{kmk okfb~ r{k ko}~kkd fjnak~oj obeajobd q db j|juaeaõo|b}~jobd (ckmaâ}aeb q |jdã}aeb! uk |~jm{#eko i{k~}ku e~{eku mãb b mãb7 db ej}amabobnb}bddb ckmaâ}aeb ko}~k dju ckmaju |~ayb#mju q kd mau|jua}ayj ejc{oaebeajobd mk|~j|bfbomb jiaeabdau}b8 dbu cboajn~bu qe`aebobu |b~dbcko}b~abu8 dbu mko{oeabuujn~k kd —b{}j~a}b~aucj– ha~e`ok~au}b$k}e/ Ku mkea~$ oj ibd}bo kgku mk mau|{}b$uao kcnb~fj `bq {o }kcb r{k ~kubd}b kou{ oj}j~ab jcauaõo7
obmak |jok koe{ku}aõo db maiãead ~kbdambm r{k ac|j#ok {o cjmkdj kejoõcaej r{k nbub u{kiaebeab ko db mkybd{beaõo ubdb~abd
(ko|k~cboko}k bg{u}k b eb{ub mk db aoidb#eaõo! q db |~keb~awbeaõo dbnj~bd mk ebua kd=<+ mk dju }~bnbgbmj~ku*bu je{|bmju/Ko kuj$ }jmju ejaoeamko q `beko uadkoeaj/Ku |j~ ku}k cj}ayj$ r{k b db j|juaeaõo|b}~jobd |j~ mk~ke`b uk dk `bek }bo maiã#ead bn~a~ {o ku|beaj mk be{c{dbeaõo |jdã#}aeb uõdamj q uk mkuman{gb$ qb r{k oj|{kmk —ko}~b~dk– bd fjnak~oj |j~ kuk dbmj(yk~ b~}ãe{dj ko |âfaob >!/ Q ku |j~ ku}bcaucb ~bwõo$ r{k ko ku}k kur{kcb kej#oõcaej q mk fjnk~obnadambm uk `beko }bookekub~aju dju uk~yaeaju mk db n{~je~beabuaomaebd mk db EF]$ qb r{k bmkcâu mkfb~bo}awb~ |bw ujeabd$ db n{~je~beab ekfk#}au}b ejo}~an{qk mkeauaybcko}k bd uju}k#oacako}j mk db
|b{|k~awbeaõo ubdb~abd qdb |~keb~akmbm ko kd }~bnbgj
$ |adb~kui{ombcko}bdku mk db ejc|k}a}ayambm mkd—cjmkdj– kejoõcaej ha~e`ok~au}b/\j~ ku}b ~bwõo$ q uaf{akomj bd |ak mk dbdk}~b db j~mko |~kuamkoeabd$ kd ejc|bòk#~j @{fj Cjqboj `awj dju mknk~ku q ukb|{~õ b ia~cb~ {o b{cko}j mkd >= +|b~b u{ f~kcaj$ |b~b kya}b~ {o kyko}{bd—mkunj~mk– mk db |{gb ubdb~abd/ Ku ubnamjr{k mkumk r{k kd fjnak~oj mk Oáu}j~Ha~e`ok~ ~kaou}bdõ db maoâcaeb mk okfj#eabeaõo |b~a}b~ab$ dju ebcajok~ju ujo kd|b~âck}~j ko dbu maue{uajoku$ |j~ dj r{ku{ be{k~mj n{ueb iagb~ bo}aea|bmbcko}kkd —}ke`j ubdb~abd– |b~b kd ~ku}j mk djuuke}j~ku/Aoidbeaõo ckmabo}k$ db d{e`b |j~ o{k#yju b{cko}ju |~jnbndkcko}k uk ~kbn~b|b~b b~~{aob~ db |bw kdke}j~bd/ Q ku}ju|~jndkcbu aokd{mandku mk db ejq{o}{~b$mknko kocb~ebuk ko dju ibcjuju ~bufjumkd —cjmkdj–/
Ejoidae}ju ko kd ebc|j/// |~j|aj
Ua `bq bdfj |b~b ~kejojek~ bd fjnak~oj`b uamj u{ eb|beambm mk aoaeab}ayb |jdã#}aeb q {ob f~bo cboajn~bnadambm |b~bejou}~{a~ `kfkcjoãb$ b }~byáu mk db {}a#dawbeaõo mk dju ckmaju mk ejc{oaebeaõo|÷ndaeju ko u{ ibyj~$ q mbomj ~ku|{ku}bb bdf{oju mk dju ~kedbcju câu uko}amjumkd |{kndj/ Ujn~k }jmj mku|{áu mk dbmau|{}b |j~ db 2>;$ ku r{k kd ha~e`ok#~aucj kc|kwõ b }jcb~ bdf{obu ckmambucâu —maujobo}ku– r{k `aeak~jo aoejcj#mb~ b {ob i~beeaõo mk db n{~f{kuãb q bdju ckmaju cjoj|õdaeju mk ejc{oaeb#eaõo r{k mkikomak~jo bd —ebc|j–/Ubnakomj ejou}~{a~uku{ |~j|aj kokcafj(Edb~ão q —dbu ej~|j~b#eajoku–!$ kd fjnak~ojdjf~õ bfd{}aob~ b maik#~ko}ku uke}j~ku q koej#d{cob~ b oj |jebuj~fboawbeajoku |j|{#db~ku$ r{k i{k~jo |b~}kmk db d{e`b ko dbuebddku bo}ku mk db ddk#fbmb mk Ha~e`ok~ b db^jubmb/ Kd uj~|~kuayjibddkeacako}j mkd kp|~kuamko}k |~j|aeaõ {oubd}j e{bda}b}ayj koku}k |~jekuj q ko dbbe}{bdambm kd eb|a}bd|jdã}aej be{c{dbmj|j~ db \~kuamko}b #aoacbfaobndk mjubòju b}~âu d{kfj mk db mk~~j}b kdke}j~bdko dbu kdkeeajoku dkfaudb}aybu mk g{oaj mk><<1#$ dk |k~ca}k ku|ke{db~ ejo {o}~a{oij ko |~ack~b y{kd}b/Ku}k byboek mk db be{c{dbeaõo |jdã}a#eb mkd —e~au}aoaucj– |{uj ko }kouaõo dbubdabowbu bd ao}k~aj~ mkd jiaeabdaucj/ Kukp|~kuaõo mk ku}j db aouõda}b bckobwb mk|b~j mk Cjqboj$ r{k dk ua~yaõ }bo}j |b~bokfjeab~ ac|{oambm bo}k db aoyku}afb#eaõo mk db g{u}aeab u{awb$ ejcj |b~b uko#}b~ |juaeajoku q cb~eb~ db eboe`b ko dbao}k~ob |k~joau}b7 db n{~je~beab uaomaebdyb |j~ câu q ck}k |~kuaõo |b~b jn}kok~cbqj~ ~k|~kuko}beaõo ko dbu dau}bu mkdjiaeabdaucj/ \k~j câu bddâ mk db m{~kwbr{k |{kmb bmj|}b~ kd }a~jokj ko}~k kdfjnak~oj q Cjqboj$ kub ujeakmbm ku }boi{oeajobd q ku}~b}áfaeb b dju ao}k~kukumk bcnju$ r{k |jm~â —mjndb~uk– |k~jmaiãeadcko}k r{kn~b~uk/\j~ u{ |b~}k$ ejo ckoju |jmk~ mki{kfj r{k —@{fj– ko db be}{bdambm$ djuao}komko}ku g{u}aeabdau}bu mkd ejo{~nboj}bcnaáo yko ejo ~k}aekoeab db aoaeab}aybmkd fjnak~oj obeajobd mk |~jcjyk~ {obdau}b ejdke}j~b ko |~jyaoeab mk N{kojuBa~ku$ koebnkwbmb |j~ u{ mkdião mk eko#}~jawr{ak~mb Cb~}ão Ubnb}kddb/ Mk ku}kcjmj$ Ubnb}kddb dk |{kmk u{cb~ yj}ju bE~au}aob q bd caucj }akc|j ~ku}â~ukdjubd b|b~b}j mkd \G njobk~kouk$ r{k ukf{#~bcko}k ddkyb~â b Ueajda ejcj ebomamb}jb fjnk~obmj~/ Db be}{bd |j|{db~ambm mkdb \~kuamko}b ku db r{k |k~ca}k ku}b }âe#}aeb mk ejo}~jdbmj mkufbu}k mk dju ao}ko#mko}ku |kgj}au}bu$ cjmj kiaebw mk cbo#}kok~dju ejo —db ~akomb ej~}b–/Ko ku}k
o÷edkj m{~j mk bdabowbu ejodbu |kj~ku kp|~kuajoku mkd |kgj}aucjq mkd |jmk~ f~kcabd n{~je~â}aej$ ~kua#mk db fjnk~obnadambm mkd ha~e`ok~au#cj
$ dj r{k `bek ac|juandk r{k {o yk~#mbmk~j q ~kbd ebcnaj ujeabd |{kmb |~j#ykoa~ mk kubu |{}~kibe}bu ku}~{e}{~bu|jdã}aebu/
\j~ ubdb~aj$ ejo}~b db |~keb~awbeaõo$|j~ db {oambm
Dbu |b~a}b~abu uk koe{ko}~bo ko djucjcko}ju aoaeabdku/ Db cjyamb mkCjqboj ku uõdj {o ao}ko}j |j~ ku}bndk#ek~ {o }j|k$ |k~j dj eak~}j ku r{k mk|ko#mk~â mk db mkeauaõo mk dju }~bnbgbmj~ku q}~bnbgbmj~bu r{kn~b~ kuk —}ke`j ubdb#~abd– b }~byáu mk db cjyadawbeaõo q dbd{e`b/
Db |kdkb ubdb~abd ku {ob mk dbu}b~kbu aockmab}bu câu i{k~}ku r{k}kokcju |j~ mkdbo}k
/ B }~byáu mk kddboj uõdj mkikomkcju o{ku}~bu ejomaeaj#oku mk yamb$ |b~b ~kyk~}a~ db cauk~abubdb~abd b db r{k oju r{ak~ko ujck}k~$uaoj r{k bmkcâu uk kgk~ek |~kuaõo ujn~k{oj mk dju |{o}ju mk u{u}ko}beaõo kej#oõcaeb q |jdã}aeb mk db fjnk~obnadambmha~e`ok~au}b/Dafbmj b dj bo}k~aj~$ uk mku}beb db |~j#ndkcâ}aeb mk db
|~keb~awbeaõo q }k~ek~a#wbeaõo dbnj~b
d$ r{k fjd|kb b caddjoku mk}~bnbgbmj~ku r{k$ |kuk b }kok~ }~bnbgj$ku}âo u{ck~famju ko db |jn~kwb (yk~ b~}ã#e{dj ko |âfaob 6!/ Mb~ {ob i{k~}k |kdkb{oa}b~ab ko ~kdbeaõo b ku}k kgk ―mkumk|~jekuju mk d{e`bu ejoe~k}ju mjomk|jmbcju `bek~dj$ `bu}b ebc|bòbu mk|~j|bfbomb ujn~k dbu i~bogbu mk o{ku}~bedbuk r{k câu u{i~ko ku}b ua}{beaõo# kumk ya}bd ac|j~}boeab |b~b ao}ko}b~ u{|k#~b~ db ua}{beaõo mk i~bfcko}beaõo q maya#uaõo r{k oju ac|{uj db |b}~jobd kp|dj#}bmj~b b |b~}a~ mk db máebmb mkd ½1</\j~ ÷d}acj$ q ~kia~aáomjoju qb b {ob}b~kb ku}~ae}bcko}k |jdã}aeb$ mkumk
CA^
aouau}acju ko db okekuambm mk
bybowb~ko db ejou}a}{eaõo mk {o i~ko}k |jdã}a#ej q ujeabd aomk|komako}k mkd fjnak~#oj$ mk d{e`b$ oj uke}b~aj$ ko nbuk b {o|~jf~bcb bo}aeb|a}bdau}b q bo}aac|k#~abdau}b bc|daj/
R{k bf~{|k |~kik~ko}k#cko}k b dbu j~fboawbeajoku mk mayk~uj}a|j r{k mbo yamb b {ob
—o{kyb awr{ak~#mb–
r{k uk ku}â }~b}bomj mk ejou}~{a~mkumk bnbgj$ i{k~}kcko}k aoid{koeabmb|j~ db ^knkdaõo \j|{db~ mkd ><<2$ r{k uanako `b djf~bmj {o ~ku|k}bndk mkub~~jddjko kd cjyacako}j ujeabd oj djf~b kp|~k#ub~uk |jdã}aebcko}k ko uacadb~ cbfoa#}{m/ Ku|ke}~j r{k yau{bdawbcju ko }jmbudbu j~fboawbeajoku |jdã}aebu$ ujeabdku$ku}{mabo}adku q f~kcabdku r{k ao}kf~b~jomju bòju b}~âu db kp|k~akoeab mk
J}~jEbcaoj8
dbu r{k `jq ao}kf~bo db
Ejj~maobmj~b mk J~fboawbeajoku qCjyacako}ju \j|{db~ku mk B~fko}aob(EJC\B!
 q j}~ju }bo}ju bf~{|bcako}jur{k$ ejo cbqj~ j ckoj~ mkub~~jddj$`beko u{ b|j~}k cada}bo}k b dj db~fj qboe`j mk o{ku}~j |bãu/
Okekua}bcju mk kub {oambm |b~bukf{a~ |kdkbomj câu q ckgj~ |j~ {ob|~ji{omb }~bouij~cbeaõo ujeabd r{k}k~caok ejo ku}b ujeakmbm mk kp|dj#}beaõo q cauk~ab/
—B YKOEK^$
ejo dju}~bnbgbmj~kuq kd |{kndj–
(]b|b BY O· 2 # Bfju}j ><<0!
5<
kmaeajoku
(\k~aõmaej mkd CA^!
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