đồ án cung cấp điện của Hằng

n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
TRNG I HC PHNG NG
KHOA H THNG IN
----***---
N MN HC
CUNG CP IN
Thit k cp in cho xng sa cha c kh
H NI 2010
LI NI U
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
t nc ta ang trong cng cuc cng nhip ho , hin i ho . Nhu cu

in nng trong cc lnh vc cng nghip , nng nghip , dch v v sinh hot
tng trng khng ngng i cng vi qu trnh pht trin kinh t . Do i
hi rt nhiu cng trnh cung cp in . c bit rt cn cc cng trnh c cht
lng cao , m bo cung cp in lin tc , phc v tt cc nghnh trong nn
kinh t quc dn.
Trong c lnh vc cng nghip l 1 trong cc ngnh kinh t trng im
ca t nc, c Nh nc v Chnh ph u tin pht trin v c vai tr quan
trng trong k hoch a nc ta tr thnh nc cng nghip vo nm 2020.
Thit k cung cp in cho nghnh ny v th l 1 cng vic kh khn, i hi
s cn thn cao. Ph ti ca ngnh phn ln l ph ti h loi 1, i hi tin
cy cung cp in cao.
Di s hng dn ca thy ThS. Nguyn c Minh, em c nhn
ti Thit k cung cp in cho phn xng sa cha c kh. n bao
gm 1 s phn chnh nh chn my v v tr t trm bin p, chn dy v cc
phn t bo v, hch ton cng trnh . y l mt n c tnh thc tin rt
cao, chc chn s gip ch cho em rt nhiu trong cng tc sau ny.
Trong qu trnh thc hin n, em nhn c s ch bo rt tn tnh
ca thy ThS.Nguyn c Minh cng cc thy c trong khoa H Thng in.
Em xin chn thnh cm n .
H ni, thng 6 nm 2010

Sinh vin thc hin
CHNG I
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
XC NH PH TI TNH TON CA
PHN XNG
I.1) Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc nhm ph ti.
Cng sut chiu sng chung:
Pcsc hung = P0 .a.b = 20 .( 20 .50 ) = 20 ( kW )
V dng bng n si t nn h s cos=0,9.

I.1.1) Ph ti chiu sng
Tnh ton ph ti in l cng vic bt buc v u tin trong mi cng
trnh cung cp in. Vic ny s cung cp cc s liu phc v cho vic thit k
li in v sau ca ngi k s. Ph ti tnh ton c gi tr tng ng vi
ph ti thc t v mt hiu ng nhit, do vic chn dy dn hay cc thit b
bo v cho n s c m bo.
C nhiu phng php tnh ton ph ti in nh phng php h s nhu
cu, h s tham gia cc i. i vi vic thit k cung cp in cho phn
xng sa cha c kh, v c cc thng tin chnh xc v mt bng b tr thit
b, bit oc cng sut v qu trnh cng ngh ca tng thit b nn ta s dng
phng php h s nhu cu tng hp nhm ph ti ng lc. Ni dung
chnh ca phong php nh sau:
- Thc hin phn nhm cc thit b c trong xng, mi nhm khong t
7 9 thit b, mi nhm s c cung cp in t 1 t ng lc ring, ly
in t 1 t phn phi chung. Cc thit b trong nhm nn chn c v tr gn
nhau trn mt bng phn xng. Cc thit b trong nhm nn c cng ch
lm vic , s lng thit b trong 1 nhm khng nn qu 9 v gy phc tp
trong vn hnh , gim tin cy cung cp in .
- Xc nh h s s dng tng hp ca nhm thit b theo biu thc sau :
k sd
=
Pi .k sdi
Pi
( 2.1 )
- Xc nh s lng thit b hiu dng ca mi nhm nhd ( l 1 s qui i

gm c nhd thit b gi nh c cng sut nh mc v ch lm vic nh nhau
v tiu th cng sut ng bng cng sut tiu th ca nhm thit b thc t ) .
P
max
Cc nhm y u trn 4 thit b nn ta xc nh t s k = P , sau so
min
snh k vi kb l h s ng vi k sd ca nhm . Nu k > kb , ly nhq = n , l s

lng thit b thc t ca nhm . Ngc li c th tnh nhd theo cng thc sau :
( Pi ) 2
nhq =
( 2.2 )
Pi2
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
- H s nhu cu ca nhm s c xc nh theo biu thc sau :

knc = k
sd
1 k sd
nhq
( 2.3 )
- Cui cng ph ti tnh ton ca c nhm l :

Ptt = knc. Pi ( 2.4 )
Ta c th chia phn xng ra lm 4 nhm:
Nhm 1 c 8 thit b gm:
-
2 ba hi rn c P = 2.15 (kW)
1 my hn dm % =25% c P = 2,2 (kW)
1 l chy bng in c P = 19 (kW)
1 l in ha cng linh kin c P = 19 (kW)
1 thit b ti cao tn c P = 19 (kW)
2 my p ma st c P = 2.10 (kW)

-
1 my hn dm % =25% c P = 2,2 (kW)
2 l in cng ha nhin liu c P = 2.19 (kW)
1 thit b ti bnh rng c P = 20 (kW)
1 my p ma st c P = 10 (kW)
1 my nn kh c P = 22,8 (kW)

-
1 my hn dm % = 25% c P = 2,2 (kW)
2 l chy bng in c P = 2.19 (kW)
1 l in ha cng linh kin c P = 19 (kW)
2 thit b ti bnh rng P = 2.20 (kW)
n mn hc
5
-
1 my nn kh c P = 22,8 (kW)
Thit k cung cp in

-
2 ba hi rn c P = 2.15 (kW)
2 l in ha cng linh kin c P = 2.19(kW)
2 my nn kh c P = 2.22,8 (kW)
I.1.2) Ph ti ng lc:
Trc khi tnh ton cn qui cc ph ti lm vic ch ngn hn lp li
v ch lm vic lm vic di hn , theo cng thc :
P = Pt . , kW .
Trong :
- Pt : l cng sut ca ph ti, tc l cng sut nh mc ca ph ti , kW
- P : cng sut qui v ch lm vic di hn ca thit b .
- : h s tip in ca thit b , kW
Nh vy , ph ti tnh ton ca my hn dm %=25% l :
P2 = 2, 2. 0, 25 =1,1 (kW)
Cn c vo s b tr thit b trong nh xng , v da theo cc nguyn
tc phn nhm trn , c th chia cc thit b thnh 4 nhm . Kt qu tng hp
ph ti tng nhm s c trnh by chi tit di y .
Ph ti nhm 1 c tng hp nh sau :
H s s dng tng hp ca nhm l :
Pi .k sdi
2.15.0,16+ 1,1.0,3+ 19.0,16+ 19.0,16
+ 19.0,16
+
2.10.0,16
k sd =
=
P
2.15+ 1,1+ 19+ 19+ 19
+ 2.10
=0,16
Thy k sd =0,16 < 0,2 .

-Phn loi thit b c P >
Pmax
: th c
2
n1 thit b
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
6
n
-Xc nh tng cng sut ca n1 thit b : P1 = Pdmi

i =1
-Xc nh cc gi tr tng i :
n =
n1
p
; p = 1
n
p
-Xc nh nhq :
Xc nh theo cng thc :
nhq =
0,95
p
(1 p )2
+
n
1 n
2
Xc nh theo cng thc nhq = n.nhq
T nhm 1 ta c: P >
Pmax
19
= = 9,5 c
2
2
n1 = 7
P1 = Pdmi =2.15 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 2.10 = 107

i =1
n =
nhq =
n1 7
p
107
= = 0,875; p = 1 =
= 0,99
n 8
p 108,1
0,95
0,95
=
2
2
p
(1 p )
0,99 (1 0,99) 2 =0,85
+
+
n
1 n
0,875 1 0,875
2
nhq = n .n hq =8.0,85=6,8.Ly theo gi tr t nhin nn nhq =7
1 k sd
1 0,16
= 0,48
n hq
7
Tng cng sut tc dng tnh ton ca nhm ng lc 1 l :
Ptt1 = knc .Pni = 0,48.108,1 = 52,37 kW
H s cng sut tc dng ca nhm l :
Pni .cos i 2.15.0,6 + 1,1.0,35+ 19.0,6+ 19.0,6+ 19.0,6+ 2 .10.0,6
=
Cos =
Pni
107
=0,6
Cng sut biu kin ca nhm l :
knc = ksd +
52 ,37
= 0,16 +
tt 1
Stt1 = cos = 0,6 = 87,66 (kVA)
tb
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
Cng sut phn khng ca nhm l :

Qtt1 = Stt1 1 (cos ) 2 = 87,66. 1 (0,6) 2 = 70,29 (kVAr)
Nhm 1:
Bng 1.1. Bng tng hp ph ti nhm 1.
Ph ti I Cng sut P
k
Pi.ki cos
P2
Pcos
1
15,00
0,16
2,4
0,6
225
9
1
15,00
0,16
2,4
0,6
225
9
2
1,10
0,3
0,33
0,35
1,21
0,385
3
19,00
0,16
3,04
0,6
361
11,4
4
19,00
0,16
3,04
0,6
361
11,4
6
19,00
0,16
3,04
0,6
361
11,4
7
10,00
0,16
1,6
0,6
100
6
7
10,00
0,16
1,6
0,6
100
6
108,10
0,16 17,45
0,6 1734,21 64,585
Ksd
Pmax /Pmin
nhq
knc
Ptt, kW
cos
Stt, kVA
Qtt, kVAr
Spt
25,00
25,00
3,14
31,67
31,67
31,67
16,67
16,67
0,16
17,27
7
0,48
52,37
0,60
87,66
70,29
Tnh ton tng t cho cc nhm cn li c bng tng kt ph ti ca cc

nhm theo phng php h s nhu cu nh sau:
Qpt
20,00
20,00
2,94
25,33
25,33
25,33
13,33
13,33
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
Nhm 2:
Bng 1.2. Bng tng hp ph ti nhm 2.
Ph ti II Cng sut P k
Pi.ki cos
P2
Pcos
2
1,1
0,3
0,33
0,35
1,21
0,385
4
19
0,16 3,04
0,6
361
11,4
4
19
0,16 3,04
0,6
361
11,4
5
20
0,16
3,2
0,6
400
12
6
19
0,16 3,04
0,6
361
11,4
7
10
0,16
1,6
0,6
100
6
8
22,8
0,16 3,648
0,6
519,84 13,68
110,9
17,898
2104,1 66,265
Ksd
Pmax /Pmin
nhq
knc
Ptt, kW
cos
Stt, kVA
Qtt, kVAr
0,16
20,73
7,00
0,48
53,05
0,60
88,78
71,19
Spt
3,14
31,67
31,67
33,33
31,67
16,67
38,00
Qpt
2,94
25,33
25,33
26,67
25,33
13,33
30,40
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
Nhm 3:
Bng 1.3 Bng tng hp ph ti nhm 3.
Ph ti II Cng sut P
k
Pi.ki cos
P2
2
1,1
0,3
0,33
0,35
1,21
3
19
0,16
3,04
0,6
361
3
19
0,16
3,04
0,6
361
4
19
0,16
3,04
0,6
361
5
20
0,16
3,2
0,6
400
5
20
0,16
3,2
0,6
400
6
19
0,16
3,04
0,6
361
7
10
0,16
1,6
0,6
100
8
22,8
0,16 3,648
0,6
519,84
149,9
18,89
2865,05
Ksd
Pmax /Pmin
nhq
knc
Ptt, kW
cos
Stt, kVA
Qtt, kVAr
0,13
20,73
8,00
0,44
65,21
0,47
139,67
123,51
Pcos
0,385
11,4
11,4
11,4
12
12
11,4
6
13,68
69,985
Spt
3,14
31,67
31,67
31,67
33,33
33,33
31,67
16,67
38,00
Qpt
2,94
25,33
25,33
25,33
26,67
26,67
25,33
13,33
30,40
n mn hc
10
Thit k cung cp in
Nhm 4:
Bng 1.4 Bng tng hp ph ti nhm 4.
Ph ti IV Cng sut
k
Pi.ki cos
P2
Pcos
1
15,00
0,16
2,40
0,60 225,00 9,00
1
15,00
0,16
2,40
0,60 225,00 9,00
4
19,00
0,16
3,04
0,60 361,00 11,40
4
19,00
0,16
3,04
0,60 361,00 11,40
6
19,00
0,16
3,04
0,60 361,00 11,40
7
10,00
0,16
1,60
0,60 100,00 6,00
7
10,00
0,16
1,60
0,60 100,00 6,00
8
22,80
0,16
3,65
0,60 519,84 13,68
8
22,80
0,16
3,65
0,60 519,84 13,68
152,60
24,42
2772,68 91,56
Ksd
Pmax /Pmin
nhq
knc
Ptt, kW
cos
Stt, kVA
Qtt, kVAr
Spt
25,00
25,00
31,67
31,67
31,67
16,67
16,67
38,00
38,00
Qpt
20,00
20,00
25,33
25,33
25,33
13,33
13,33
30,40
30,40
0,16
2,28
8,00
0,46
69,74
0,60
116,23
92,98
Ph ti tng hp ca nhm ng lc c tng hp theo phng php h s

nhu cu (phng php tng hp p dng cho cc nhm ph ti c tnh cht
tng ng).
n mn hc
11
Thit k cung cp in
H s s dng tng hp ca 4 nhm ng lc l :

P .k
52,37.0,16 + 53,05.0,16+ 65,21.0,13+ 69,74.0 ,16
= ni sdi =
Pni
52,37 + 53,05+ 65,21+ 69,74
ksd
= 0,15
Ly nhq =4.
1 k sd
1 0,15
knc = ksd +
= 0,15 +
= 0,58
n hq
4
Trong :
- nhq: s lng hiu qu ca nhm ng lc, ly bng s nhm ng lc = 4 .
Tng cng sut tc dng ca nhm ng lc l :
Pl = knc.P = 0,58.240,37 = 138,51 (kW)
H s costrung bnh ca nhm l :
Pni .cos i 52,37.0,6+ 53,05.0,6+ 65, 21.0, 47+ 69,74.0 ,6
=
=
cos tb =
Pni
240,37
0,56
Nn cng sut biu kin ca nhm ng lc l :
P
138,51
dl
Sl = cos = 0,56 = 245,75 (kVA)
dl
V cng sut phn khng ca cc ph ti ng lc l :
Ql = S1. 1 cos 2 = 245, 75. 1 0,56 2 = 202,99 (kVAr)
Vy c bng tng hp ph ti ng lc theo phng php h s nhu cu nh

sau:
Bng 1.5 Bng tng hp ph ti ng lc.
Nhm ng lc
Nhm
Ksd
Knc
Ptt
cos
Stt
Qtt
Ptt.ksd p.cos
1
0,16
0,48 52,37 0,60 87,66
70,29
8,45 31,29
2
0,16
0,48 53,05 0,60 88,78
71,19
8,56 31,70
3
0,13
0,44 65,21 0,47 139,67 123,51
8,48 30,65
4
0,16
0,46 69,74 0,60 116,23 92,98
11,16 41,84
240,37
432,34 357,97461 36,65 135,48
ksd
0,15
Knc
0,58
cos
0,56
P
138,51
n mn hc
S
Q
12
Thit k cung cp in
245,75
202,99
I.1.3) Ph ti tng hp.

Ph ti tng hp ca cc nhm v c tnh cht khc nhau nn c tng hp
theo phng php s gia:
Tng cng sut tc dng ca phn xng c xc nh nh sau:
PN = Pdli + ki . Pcs
Trong :
Pli: L ph ti ng lc ca cc nhm.
ki: h s c xc nh ki = (
Pi 0,04
)
0, 41
5
Pcs.lm: Tng cng sut chiu sng ca phn xng.
PN = Pdl + ki . Pcs
20
= 138,51 + ( )0,04 0, 41 .20

5
= 151, 45 ( kW )
H s cng sut tng hp ca ton phn xng:
cos N =
Pdl .cos tb + Pcs .cos cs

Pdl + Pcs
V bng n chiu sng c chn l bng n si t nn cos

Thay s vo biu thc trn ta c:
Pdl .costb + Pcs .cos cs

Pdl + Pcs
151, 45.0,56 + 20.0,8
=
= 0,59
151, 45 + 20
sin N = 0,81
cos N =
Cng sut biu kin:
S =
PN
151, 45
=
=256, 69 ( kVA)
cos N
0,59
T ta c cng sut phn khng:
QN = S .sin N = 256,69.0,81 = 207,92 ( kVAr )
cs
= 0,8.
n mn hc
13
S = 151, 45 + j 207,92 ( kVA )
Thit k cung cp in
n mn hc
14
Thit k cung cp in
CHNG II
LA CHN PHNG N CP IN CHO
PHN XNG.
II.1) Trm bin p phn xng
Trm bin p l mt phn t rt quan trng ca h thng in n

c nhim v tip nhn in nng t h thng, bin i t cp in p
ny sang cp in p khc v phn phi cho mng in tng ng.
Trong mi trm bin p ngoi my bin p cn c rt nhiu thit b hp
thnh h thng tip nhn v phn phi in nng. Cc thit b pha cao
p gi l thit b phn phi cao p (my ct, dao cch ly, thanh ci) v
cc thit b pha h p gi l thit b phn phi h p (thanh ci h p,
aptmat, cu dao, cu chy).
Trm tng p thng c t ti cc nh my in tng in
p t 0,46,3kV ln cc cp cao hn vi mc ch truyn ti in nng
i xa hn; Trm bin p trung gian l trm gim p, tip nhn in nng
t li 3522kV cung cp cho cc li phn phi 622kV ; Trm
bin p tiu th hay trm bin p phn xng c nhim v tip nhn
in nng t mng phn phi 622kV(i khi c mng 35 v 110kV) v
cung cp cho li in h p.
Kt cu ca trm bin p ph thuc vo loi trm, v tr, cng
dngca chng. Cc trm bin p trung gian thng c xy dng
vi hai dng chnh:
- Trm bin p ngoi tri c cc thit b phn phi pha cao
p c t ngoi tri cc thit b phn phi pha th cp c t
trong cc t in hoc t trong nh.
- Trm bin p trong nh: ton b thit b ca trm t pha
s cp n pha th cp c t trong nh vi cc t phn phi tng
ng.
Tt c cc trm bin p cn phi tho mn cc yu cu c bn sau:
- S v kt cu phi n gin n mc c th.
- D thao tc vn hnh.
n mn hc
15
Thit k cung cp in
- m bo cung cp in lin tc v tin cy vi cht lng

cao.
- C kh nng m rng v pht trin.
- C cc thit b hin i c th p dng cc cng ngh
tin tin trong vn hnh v iu khin mng in.
- Gi thnh hp l v c hiu qu kinh t cao.
Cc yu cu trn c th mu thun vi nhau, v vy trong tnh
ton thit k cn phi tm li gii ti u bng cch gii cc bi ton kinh
t k thut.
II.1.1) Xc nh v tr t trm bin p phn xng
.
V tr ca trm bin p c nh hng rt ln n cc ch tiu kinh
t k thut ca mng in. Nu v tr ca trm bin p t qu xa ph ti
th c th dn n cht lng in p b gim, lm tn tht in nng.
Nu ph ti phn tn, th vic t cc trm bin p gn chng c th dn
n s lng trm bin p tng, chi ph cho ng dy cung cp ln v
nh vy hiu qu kinh t s gim.
V tr trm bin p thng c t lin k, bn ngoi hoc bn
trong phn xng.
V tr ca trm bin p cn phi tha mn cc yu cu c bn sau :
- An ton v lin tc cp in.
- Gn trung tm ph ti, thun tin cho ngun cung cp i ti.
- Thao tc, vn hnh, qun l d dng.
- Tit kim vn u t v chi ph vn hnh nh.
- Bo m cc iu kin khc nh cnh quan mi trng, c kh
nng iu chnh ci to thch hp, p ng c khi khn cp...
- Tng tn tht cng sut trn cc ng dy l nh nht.
Cn c vo s b tr cc thit b trong phn xng thy rng cc ph ti
c b tr vi mt cao trong nh xng nn khng th b tr my bin p
trong nh . V vy nn t my pha ngoi nh xng ngay st tng nh minh
ho di y. Khi xy dng ngoi nh th cn ch n iu kin m quan.
Hng in ti
TBA
Hnh 2.1. S b tr my bin p .
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
16
II.2) Chn cng sut v s lng my bin p:

Cng sut ca my bin p c chn cn c vo cng sut ca ph ti v
kh nng chu qu ti ca my bin p. S lng my c chn cn ph thuc
vo yu cu tin cy cung cp in, nu ph ti quan trng (loi 1) thng
chn 2 my lm vic song song.
- H s in kn th c th c xc nh theo biu thc :
Stb
T
5000
= M =
= 0,571 < 0,75
kdk =
SM 8760 8760
Trong :
Stb : Cng sut trung bnh, kVA .
SM : Cng sut cc i, kVA .
TM : thi gian tiu th cng sut cc i, cho bi .
Nh vy my bin p c th lm vic qu ti 40% trong khong thi gian
cho php khng qu 6 gi.
Cn c vo cng sut ca ph ti tng hp xc nh c mc trn nn
ta chn cng sut v s lng my bin p 22/0,4 kV theo 3 phng n sau :
Phng n 1: Chn hai my bin p.
Sdm1 = Sdm 2
Stt 256,69
=
= 128,35(kVA)
2
2
Khi xy ra s c ct 1MBA
80%.Stt 80%.256, 69
=
=146,68 (kVA)
1, 4
1, 4
160 (kVA )
Vy ta s chn hai my bin p cng sut 2
SdmB
Phng n 2 : Dng 2 mba c cng sut l 2

Phng n 3: Chn mt my bin p
180
SdmB Stt = 256, 69( kVA)
Ta chn my bin p cng sut 315(kVA)

Xt v k thut, cc phng n khng ngang nhau v tin cy
cung cp in: i vi phng n 1 v phng n 2, khi c s c mt
trong hai my bin p th my bin p cn li phi gnh ton b ph ti
loi I v II ca phn xng, i vi phng n 3 s phi ngng cung
cp in cho cc h tiu th khi c s c trong my bin p. m
bo s tng ng v k thut ca cc phng n cn phi xt n thnh
phn thit hi do mt in khi c s c xy ra trong my bin p. Trc
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
17
ht ta kim tra kh nng qu ti ca my bin p khi mt trong hai my

b s c.
Ph ti trong thi gian s c 1 my bin p bao gm ph ti loi I v loi II .
Ssc = Stt . m1+ 2 = 256,69 . 0,85 = 218,187 ( kVA )
H s qu ti
Ssc 218,187
=
= 1,36 < 1,4
kqt =
Sn
160
Vy m bo yu cu cung cp in.
Hm chi ph tnh ton quy i ca my bin p:
Z = a +k
.V + A.C
tc kh BA
Trong :
a : L h s tiu chun s dng hiu qu vn u t my bin p
tc
1
8
Vi my bin p do Vit Nam sn xut th atc = = 0,125

k
kh : L t l khu hao ca my bin p
kh
= 6, 64% = 0,064
V : L vn u t trm bin p
BA
C : L gi thnh tn tht in nng
A :
L tn tht in nng trong trm bin p v tnh theo cng thc:

S
P
tt
A = n.P .t + k . .
o
S
n
dmBA
Trong :
C = 1000 (/kWh)
( kWh )
n: l s my bin p trong trm bin p

P : L tn tht in p khi khng ti (kW)
o
P : L tn tht in p khi ngn mch (kW)
k
t: L thi gian vn hnh trm bin p trong 1 nm t = 8760h

S
dmBA : L cng sut nh mc ca my bin p (kVA)
: L thi gian tn tht ln nht v tnh theo cng thc:
2
= 0,124 + T
.104 .8760 ( h)
max
n mn hc
Vi
T
= 5000h
max
th
18
Thit k cung cp in
2
= 0,124 + 5000.104 .8760 3411( h )
Phng n 1: dng 2 my bin p 2x160 kVA
Tn tht in nng ca trm bin p phn xng trong phng n1 l:

S
P
tt
A = n.P .t + k . .
o
S
n
dmBA
2
2,95
256, 69
.3411.
= 21639,936 ( kWh )
2
160
= 2.0, 5.8760 +
Tng chi ph quy i ca trm bin p trong phng n1 l:
Z = a +k
.V + A.C
1
tc kh BA
= ( 0,125+ 0, 064 ) .(24,18+ 0,18.160).10 +6 21639,936.1 000

= 31, 65.106 ()
Tnh tng t cho 2 phng n cn li ta c bng tng kt sau:

Bng 2.1. So snh cc phng n chn my bin p.
Phng n
S (kVA)
tt
P ( kW )
o
P ( kW )
k
V (106 )
BA
A ( kWh )
Phng n 1
2x160
0,5
2,95
105,96
21639,936
41,67
Phng n 2
2x180
0,53
3,15
113,16
20210,95
41,59
Phng n 3
1x315
0,72
4,85
80,88
17292,71
32,58
(106 )
Nhn xt:
Ta thy tng chi ph quy i ca trm bin p trong phng n 3 l nh
nht v c vn u t trm bin p ban u trong phng n3 cng nh nht
trong 3 phng n. Vy trm bin p phn xng s gm 1my bin p c
cng sut nh mc l 1x315kVA.
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
19
II.3) La chn s ni in ti u.
a) Chn s b phng n.
cung cp in c th c nhiu phng n i dy, c th dng s hnh
tia c tin cy cung cp in cao, c th dng s ng trc, hoc hn
hp. Vi phn xng nn p dng s hnh tia v cc thit b kh tp trung.
Cc phng n c nu chi tit di y.
cung cp in cho cc ng c my cng c, trong xng d nh t 1
t phn phi nhn in t trm bin p v v cp in cho 4 t ng lc t ri
rc cc cnh tng phn xng, mi t ng lc cp in cho cc nhm ph ti
phn nhm trn. Cn c vo s mt bng tin hnh xem xt 2 phng
n sau.
Phng n 1: t t phn phi ti gc xng v ko ng cp n t
ng lc.
Phng n 2: t t phn phi ti trung tm ph ti v t ko cp n
tng t ng lc.
b) Tnh ton chn phng n ti u.
Phng n 1:
T ng
lc 1
T ng
lc 2
T ng
lc 3
T ng
lc 4
Hng in vo
Trm
bin p
Hnh 2.2. S ni in phng n 1.
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
20
Ta chn dy dn t trm bin p phn xng ti t phn phi v t t

phn phi ti cc t ng lc l loi dy cp ng 4 li v PVC (cp PVC) t
trong rnh chn di phn xng. Cc ng cp ti cc t ng lc gn
nhau th c th t chung trong 1 rnh tit kim v chi ph.
Trong chng ny ta ch mi chn s b tit din ng dy v kim tra
iu kin dng pht nng lu di cho php Icp v tn tht in p. Cc iu kin
khc v dng ngn mch, dng Icp khi c cc thit b bo v ng c v mng
in th ta s xt cc chng sau, sau khi ta tnh ton chn cc thit b bo
v.
Chn tit din ng dy theo dng pht nng lu di cho php Icp theo
cng thc sau:
k .k .I I
1 2 cp tt
I
I tt
cp k .k
1 2
Trong : Icp: l dng in cho php lu di ca dy dn (A)

k1: l h s hiu chnh tnh ti nhit mi trng sn xut v s dng.
k1=1
k2: l h s hiu chnh tnh ti s dy dn t trong cng 1 rnh.
ng dy cp t trm bin p phn xng ti t phn phi(TPP)
T phn phi t cch trm bin p LTBA-TPP = 10 (m) .y l ng cp

tng dn in t TBA ti TPP.
-
Dng
in
tnh
ton
chy
trong
dy
cp
l:
S
256, 69
tt
I =
=
390 ( A )
tt
3.U
3.0,38
dm
I
390
tt
I
Dng in pht nng lu di cho php tha mn: cp k .k = 1.0,9 433,33 ( A )

1 2
Vy ta chn cp PVC-300 c Fm = 240mm2 v Icp= 462 A.

Cc thng s v in tr: x0 = 0,06 (/km) v r0 = 0, 08 (/km)
-
Tn tht in p thc t l:
n mn hc
21
Thit k cung cp in
P .r + Q . x
151, 45.0, 08 + 207,92.0, 06
tt o . L
U
= tt o
=
.0, 01 0, 647( V)
TBA TPP
TBA
TPP
U
0,38
dm
U
TBA TPP .100% = 0, 647 .100% 0,17%
U
%=
TBA TPP
U
380
dm
256, 692
Z = (0,125 + 0, 04)(63,58 + 0,83.240).0, 01.106 +
.0, 08.0, 01.3411.103.1000
2
0,38
6
=1,68.10 ()
Dng in tnh ton chy trong dy dn t TPP ti t ng lc:
S
I = n hom
tt
3.U
dm
Xt t ng lc 1. t t ng lc 1 cch TPP khong LTPP-dl1 = 30m.
Theo s b tr s b ng dy t trm bin p ti cc t ng lc trn th

2 ng dy cp ti cc t ng lc 1, 2c th t chung trong 1 rnh. Nn
k2=0, 85 v k1=1.
-
Dng in tnh ton chy trong dy dn ti t ng lc 1 l:

I
S
87, 66
= n hom1 =
133,185 ( A )
tt1
3.U
3.0,38
dm
Dng in pht nng lu di cho php tha mn:

I
cp
tt1 = 133,185 156, 69 ( A )

k .k
1.0,85
1 2
Vy ta chn cp PVC-35 c Fm=35mm2 v Icp=159A.

Cc thng s v in tr: x0 = 0,06 (/km) v r0 = 0,57 (/km).
-
Tn tht in p thc t:
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
22
P
.r + Q
.x
52,37.0,57 + 70, 29.0, 06
n hom1 o . L
= n hom1 o
=
.0, 03 2, 69( V )
TPP dl1
TPP dl1
U
0,38
dm
U
TPP dl1 .100% = 2, 69 .100% 0, 71% < U = 5%
U
%=
TPP dl1
cp
U
380
dm
U
Tn tht in nng trn on ng dy:
S2
87, 662
A
= n hom1 .r . L
. =
.0,57.0, 03.3411.103 3103,942( kWh)
TPP dl1
o TPP dl1
U2
0,38 2
dm
Chi ph cho tn tht in nng trn on ng dy:

C
= A
.C = 3103,942.1000 3,1.10 6 ()
TPP dl1
TPP dl1
Vn u t cho on ng dy cp ny l:
V = v .L
= (63,58+ 0,83.35).10 6.0,03 2, 78.10 6 ()
d
o TPP dl 1
Chi ph quy i ca on dy cp ny l:
Z = a +k
.V + C
= ( 0,125+ 0, 04 ).2, 78.10 6+ 3,1.10 6 3,56.10 6 ()
1
tc kh d
TPP dl1
Tnh tng t cho cc t ng lc cn li ta c bng tng kt sau:

Bng 2.2 Bng chn dy dn ca phng n 1.
ng
Pnhom , Qnhom,
Snhom
Loi dy
r0
x0
L, m
Itt , A
Icp , A
U ,V
dy
kW
kVAr
,kVA
cp
,/km ,/km
TPP-dl1
30
52,37
70,29
87,66
133,185 PVC-35 159
0,57
0,06
2,69
TPP-dl2
50
53,05
71,19
88,78
134,887 PVC-50 188
0,4
0,06 3,354
TPP-dl3
10
65,21
123,51
139,67
212,21
PVC-95 279
0,21
0,06 3,666
TPP-dl4
30
69,74
92,98
116,23
176,59
PVC-70 233
0,29
0,06 2,037
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
23

v0,
ng dy
A,kWh C, 106
Vd, 106 Z, 106
6
10 /km
TPP-dl1
3103,942
3,1
92,63
2,78
3,56
TPP-dl2
3723,7
3,7
105,08
5,25
4,57
TPP-dl3
967,698
0,967
142,43
1,42
1,19
TPP-dl4
2776,325
2,776
121,68
3,65
3,38
Phng n 2:
T ng
lc 1
T ng
lc 2
T ng
lc 3
T ng
lc 4
Hng in vo
Trm
bin p
Hnh 2.3. S ni in phng n 2.

t t phn phi gia phn xng . Khi khong cch t trm bin p
n t phn phi l 35 m . Cc khong cch t t phn phi n cc t ng
lc c xc nh theo s b tr i dy trn v tinh ton tng t nh
phng n 1, kt qu tnh ton c ghi trong bng sau:
n mn hc
on
dy
TBATPP
TPPDL1
TPPDL2
TPPDL3
TPPDL4
Thit k cung cp in
24

U (v )
Cng
A(kWh)
Vd 10 6
Dng L(m)
sut(KV)
256,69
390
87,66
132,6
1
134,3
6
210,7
9
176,5
9
88,78
139,67
116,23
C(/kwh)
Z()
35
2,265
4358
9,2
1000
5,87
23
1,343
2333,7
2,13
1000
2,69
32
1,14
2383,2
3,37
1000
2,94
23
0,75
2226,4
3,8
1000
2,85
32
1,36
2961,6
3,9
1000
3,61
Tng chi ph qui i ca phng n 1 l:

6
Z1 = ( 1, 68 +3, 56 +4, 57 +1,19 +3, 38
) .10
6
14,
= 38.10
(/nm)
Tng chi ph qui i ca phng n 2 l:

6
Z 2 = ( 5,87 +2, 69 +2, 94 +2,85 +3, 61) .10
17,
= 96.106(/nm)
Nhn xt:
Nh vy xt v mt k thut th cc phng n tng ng nhau (tn tht in
p u rt nh) cn v mt kinh t r rng phng n 1 tri hn hn.
Nh vy ta chn phng n 1 tnh tip. Tc t 1 t phn phi gc xng
ri ko in n tng t ng lc theo s hnh tia.
Tnh ton chn dy cp t t ng lc ti cc thit b trong nhm.
Ta chn dy dn t cc t ng lc ti cc thit b trong nhm ng lc l

loi dy cp ng 4 li v PVC (cp PVC) chn ngm di t, i theo ng
b gc. Cc ng cp ti cc thit b gn nhau th c th t chung trong 1
rnh tit kim v chi ph.
Trong chng ny ta cng ch mi chn s b tit din ng dy v kim
tra iu kin dng pht nng lu di cho php Icp v tn tht in p. Cc iu
kin khc v dng ngn mch, dng Icp khi c cc thit b bo v ng c v
mng in th ta s xt cc chng sau:
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
25
Xt nhm ng lc 1
Nhm ng lc 1 gm 8 thit b c cc thng s nh sau:

Bng 2.5 Thng s ca nhm ng lc 1.
STT
Tn my
P ( kW )
dm
Q ( kVAr) S ( kVA) U ( kV )
dm
dm
dm
Ba hi rn
15
20
25
0,38
0,6
Ba hi rn
15
20
25
0,38
0,6
My hn
1,1
2,945
3,143
0,38
0,35
L chy bng in
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
Thit b ha cng
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
Thit b ti cao tn
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
My p ma st
10
13,333
16,667
0,38
0,6
My p ma st
10
13,333
16,667
0,38
0,6
cos
Xt thit b 1 l ba hi rn, khong cch ti thit b l Ll1-1=15m
+ Dng in tnh ton chy trong dy dn l:

S
I =I
= dm1 =
tt
dm
3.U
dm
25
37,984 ( A )
3.0,38
+ Dng in pht nng lu di cho php tha mn:

I
cp
tt = 37,984 44, 687 ( A )

k .k
1.0,85
1 2
Vy ta chn cp PVC-4 c Fdm=4mm2 v Icp=47A

Cc thng s v in tr: x0=0, 09(/km) v r0=5(/km)
n mn hc
26
Thit k cung cp in
+Tn tht in p thc t:

P .r + Q
.x
15.5 + 20.0, 009
dm1 o .L
U = dm1 o
=
0, 012 2, 425 (V
dl
1
1
U
0, 38
dm
U
2, 425
U % =
.100% =
.100% 0, 638%< U = 5%
cp
U
380
dm
+Tn tht in nng trn on ng dy:

S2
252
dm
1
A =
.r .L
. =
.5.0,015.3411.10 3 1107, 28 ( kWh )
o
dl
1
1
U2
0,382
dm
+ Chi ph cho tn tht in nng trn on ng dy:

C = A. C =1107, 28.1000 1,1.106 ()
+ Vn u t cho on ng dy cp ny l:
V = v .L
= 66,9.106.0, 015 1.106 ()
d
o dl1 1
+ Chi ph quy i ca on dy cp ny l:
Z = a +k
.V + C = ( 0,125+ 0, 04 ) .1.10 6+ 1,1.10 6 1, 27.10 6 ().
tc kh d
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
27
Tng t, ta tnh ton chi ph qui i cho cc phng n cn li, ta c bng

sau.
Bng 2.6 Bng la chn loi dy cp v cc thng s.
Pdm,
ng
STT dy L, m kW
Qdm,
kVAr
Sdm,
kVA
Itt, A
r0,
x0,
Loi cp Icp, A /km /km
dl1-1
15
15
20
25
37,984
PVC-4
47
0,09
dl1-2
35
15
20
25
37,984
PVC-4
47
0,09
dl1-3
18
1,1
2,945
3,143
4,775 PVC-2,5
35
0,09
dl1-4
22
19
25,333 31,666 48,112 PVC-10
78
0,08
dl1-5
20
19
25,333 31,666 48,112 PVC-10
78
0,08
dl1-6
15
19
25,333 31,666 48,112 PVC-10
78
0,08
dl1-7
12
10
13,333 16,667 25,323 PVC-2,5
35
0,09
dl1-8
36
10
13,333 16,667 25,323 PVC-2,5
35
0,09
Bng 2.7 Bng s liu v chi ph tn tht in nng v chi ph u t cho

ng dy.
STT
ng
U, V
dy
A, kWh
C, 106 v0, 106 /km Vd, 106 Z, 106
dl1-1
3,03
1107,38
1,11
66,9
1,003
1,275
dl1-2
7,07
2583,64
2,584
66,9
2,342
2,97
dl1-3
0,429
33,602
0.336
65,655
1,18
0,53
dl1-4
2,317
2605,52
2,605
71,88
1,58
2,866
dl1-5
2,107
947,46
0,947
71,88
1,44
1,185
dl1-6
1,58
710,595
0,71
71,88
1,08
0,888
dl1-7
2,564
629,942
0,629
65,655
0,788
0,76
dl1-7
7,639
1889,83
1,889
65,655
2,364
2,279
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
28
Xt nhm ng lc 2
Gm 7 thit b c cc thng s nh sau:

Bng 2.8 Thng s cc thit b nhm ng lc 2.
P ( kW ) Q ( kVAr) S ( kVA)
dm
dm
dm
( kV )
STT
Tn my
My hn
1,1
2,945
3,143
0,38
0,35
L in cng ha
nhin liu
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
L in cng ha
nhin liu
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
Thit b ti bnh
rng
20
26,667
33,333
0,38
0,6
Thit b ti cao tn
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
My p ma st
10
13,333
16,666
0,38
0,6
My nn kh
22,8
30,4
38
0,38
0,6
3
4
dm
cos
Bng 2.9 Bng la chn loi dy cp v cc thng s.

ng
Sdm,
STT dy
L, m Pdm,kW Qdm,kVAr kVA
Itt, A
Loi cp
x0,
Icp, A r0, /km /km
dl2-1
30
1,1
2,945
3,143
4,775 PVC-1,5
27
13,35
0,1
dl2-2
15
19
25,333
31,666 48,115 PVC-10
35
0,08
dl2-3
40
19
25,333
31,666 48,115 PVC-10
78
0,08
dl2-4
15
20
26,667
31,666 48,115 PVC-10
78
0,08
dl2-5
28
19
25,333
33,333 50,644 PVC-10
78
0,08
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
29
dl2-6
29
10
13,333
dl2-7
25
22,8
30,4
31,666 48,115 PVC-10

38
57,735 PVC-10
78
0,08
78
0,08

ng dy.
ng
STT dy
U, V A, kWh C, 106
v0, 106
/km
Vd, 106 Z, 106
dl2-1
2,76
218,06
0,218
64,825
4,537
0,966
dl2-2
4,74
2131,78
2,131
71,88
3,235
2,665
dl2-3
6,85
3079,24
3,08
71,88
4,67
3,85
dl2-4
6,098
2605,52
2,605
71,88
3,95
3,26
dl2-5
5,48
2729,59
2,729
71,88
3,74
3,346
dl2-6
3,105
2652,89
2,652
71,88
4,03
3,32
dl-7
5,81
3138,12
3,138
71,88
3,31
3,68
Xt nhm ng lc 3

STT
Tn my
My hn
dm
dm
dm
dm
( kV )
cos
1,1
2,945
3,143
0,38
0,35
2 L chy bng in
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
l chy bng in
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
l in cng
ha nhin liu
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
Thit b ti
bnh rng
20
26,667
33,333
0,38
0,6
Thit b ti
bnh rng
20
26,667
33,333
0,38
0,6
5
6
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
30
7 Thit b ti cao tn
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
My p ma st
10
13,333
16,667
0,38
0,6
My nn kh
22,8
30,4
38
0,38
0,6
Bng 2.12 Bng la chn dy cp v cc thng s:

STT
ng
Sdm,
L, m Pdm,kW Qdm,kVAr
dy
kVA
Itt, A
Loi
cp
Icp, r0,
x0,
A /km /km
dl3-1
1,1
2,945
3,143
4,775 PVC-1,5 27 13,35 0,1
dl3-2
19
25,333
31,666
48,11
PVC-6 59 3,33 0,09
5
Dl3-3
19
25,333
31,666
48,11
PVC-10 78
5
0,08
Dl3-4
16
19
25,333
31,666
48,11
PVC-10 78
5
0,08
Dl3-5
20
26,667
33,333
50,64
PVC-6 59 3,33 0,09
4
Dl3-6
28
20
26,667
33,333 50,644 PVC-10 78
0,08
Dl3-7
12
19
25,333
31,666 48,115 PVC-10 78
0,08
Dl3-8
20
10
13,333
16,667 25,323 PVC-2,5 35
0,09
Dl3-9
22
22,8
30,4
38
57,735 PVC-16 101 1,25
0,07

ng dy
STT
ng
dy
U, V A, kWh C, 106 v0, 106 /km Vd, 106 Z, 106
dl3-1
0,197
15,576
0,016
64,83
0,324
0,069
dl3-2
1,207
522,132
0,522
68,56
0,48
0,6
dl3-3
0,948
426,357
0,426
71,88
0,647
0,533
dl3-4
1,685
757,968
0,758
71,88
1,15
0,948
dl3-5
1,453
699,194
0,699
68,56
0,548
0,789
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
31
dl3-6
3,105
1469,777
1,47
71,88
2,012
1,8
dl3-7
1,264
568,476
0,568
71,88
0,863
0,71
dl3-8
4,274
1049,9
1,05
65,655
1,313
1,267
dl3-9
1,773
938,025
0,938
76,86
1,691
1,217
Xt nhm ng lc 4

dm
dm
dm
( kV )
STT
Tn my
Ba hi rn
15
20
25
0,38
0,6
Ba hi rn
15
20
25
0,38
0,6
L in ha
cng linh kin
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
L in ha
cng linh kin
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
Thit b ti cao
tn
19
25,333
31,666
0,38
0,6
My p ma st
10
13,333
16,666
0,38
0,6
My p ma st
10
13,333
16,666
0,38
0,6
My nn kh
22,8
30,4
38
0,38
0,6
My nn kh
22,8
30,4
38
0,38
0,6
4
5
dm
cos
Bng 2.15 Bng la chn dy cp v cc thng s:

ng
STT
dy L, m Pdm,kW Qdm,kVAr Sdm, kVA Itt, A
Loi
cp
Icp, r0,
x0,
A /km /km
Dl4-1
26
15
20
25
37,984 PVC-4 47
0,09
Dl4-2
22
15
20
25
37,984 PVC-6 59 3,33 0,09
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
32
Dl4-3
10
19
25,333
31,666 48,115 PVC-10 78
0,08
Dl4-4
12
19
25,333
31,666 48,115 PVC-10 78
0,08
Dl4-5
30
19
25,333
31,666 48,115 PVC-6 59 3,33 0,09
Dl4-6
35
10
13,333
16,666
25,321 PVC-2,5 35
0,09
Dl4-7
32
10
13,333
16,666
25,321 PVC-4
47
0,09
Dl4-8
39
22,8
30,4
38
57,735 PVC-10 78
0,08
Dl4-9
28
22,8
30,4
38
57,735 PVC-16 101 1,25

ng dy.
STT
ng
dy
U, V A, kWh C, 106 v0, 106 /km Vd, 106 Z, 106
dl4-1
6,06
2214,54
2,214
66,9
2,01
2,546
dl4-2
6,535
2359,82
2,359
68,56
3,291
2,9
dl4-3
3,37
1515,936
1,515
71,88
2,3
1,895
dl4-4
4,001
1800,174
1,8
71,88
2,73
2,25
dl4-5
8,63
3943,8
3,944
68,56
3,43
4,51
dl4-6
5,983
1837,11
1,837
65,655
2,298
2,22
dl4-7
7,48
1312,22
1,312
66,9
2,677
1,754
dl4-8
4,93
2660,58
2,66
71,88
2,804
3,123
dl4-9
3,627
1918,69
1,918
76,86
3,459
2,489
Kim tra iu kin hao tn in p ca mng in i vi cc loi

dy cp la chn theo tnh ton trn.
+Tn tht in p ca mng in h p:
+ Tn tht in p cc i t TBA phn xng ti t phn phi v ti t ng
lc 1v ti cc thit b thuc nhm ng lc 1l:
U
max1
= U
+ U
+ U
0,
= 647 2,+69 7,+639 10,976
=
( V)
TBA TPP
TPP dl1
Dl1 7
0,07
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
33

lc 2 v ti cc thit b thuc nhm ng lc 2 l:
U
max2
= U
TBA TPP
+ U
TPP dl 2
+ U
=0, 647 3,354

+
6,85
+
10,851
=
( V)
Dl 2 3

lc 3 v ti cc thit b thuc nhm ng lc 3 l:
U
max3
= U
TBA TPP
+ U
TPP dl 3
+ U
Dl 3 8
=0, 647 3,
+ 666 4,
+ 274 8,587
=
( V)

lc 4v ti cc thit b thuc nhm ng lc 4l:
U
max4
= U
+ U
+ U
0,= 647 2,+037 8,+63 3,=049( V
)
TBA TPP
TPP dl 4
Dl 4 5
Vy tn tht in p cc i ca mng in h p l:
U
Ta c:
thut.
max
max
= m ax U
%=
max1
; U
max2
; U
max3
; U
max4
= U
= 10,976 V
(
max1
max
max .100% = 10,976 .100% 2,89%

U
380
%= 2,89%< U
cp
= 5%
nn mng in m bo an ton k
CHNG III
LA CHN CC PHN T TRONG H THNG CUNG
CP IN V KIM TRA IU KIN DY CP
****************
III.1) S trm bin p phn phi mng h p phn xng.
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
34
a) Tnh ton ngn mch

Ngn mch l s c nghim trng trong h thng in v thng xuyn
xy ra trong h thng cung cp in. Dng in khi xy ra ngn mch l rt ln
s dn n cc hu qu sau:
+ Dng in tng lm tng nhit cc thit b, cch in b ph hy gy ra
chm chp chy n.
+ Xut hin lc in ng rt ln c kh nng ph hy cc kt cu ca thit
b v tip tc gy chm chp chy n.
V th, vic tnh ton dng ngn mch c ngha quan trng, cc kt
qu tnh ton l c s cho vic chn cc thit b bo v v kim tra n nh
nhit ca dy dn
Cc im cn tnh ngn mch l:
N1: Ngn mch ngay sau trm bin p
N2: Ngn mch trn thanh ci t phn phi
N3: Ngn mch t ng lc
N4: Ngn mch trc cc ng c
Xt nhm ng lc 2 (xt ngn mch trc thit b xa nht
l l chy bng in cch t ng lc Ldl2=18m
Ta c s thay th tnh ton dng ngn mch:

Z
BA
N1
Z
TPP dl 2
BA TPP
N2
N3
dl1 8
N4
n mn hc
35
Thit k cung cp in
Hnh 3.1. S thay th tnh ton dng ngn mch.

b) Tnh ton cc gi tr in tr ca cc phn t trn:
i vi mng in cung cp, tng tr ca cc thit b: thanh ci, aptomat,
cu ch, dao cch ly thng rt nh so vi trm bin p nn c th b qua
Cng sut ngn mch SN=240MVA.
+ in tr ca trm bin p: Trm bin p c 1 my bin p 1x315kVA c:
P0=0,72kW v PN=4, 85kWv UN% = 4%
P .U 2
4,85.0, 42
N
dm
R
=
=
.103 7,821.10 3 ( )
BA
S2
0, 3152
dm
2
U %.U 2
dm = 4.0, 4
X
= N
=20,317.103 ( )
BA 100.S
100.0,315
dmBA
Z
BA
= R2 + X 2 = 7,8212 + 20,317 2 .10 3 21, 77.10 3( )

BA
BA
+ in tr ca dy cp PVC-300 c r 0=0, 07 (/km) v x0=0, 06 (/km)

t trm bin p ti t phn phi:
R
= r .L
= 0, 07.0, 01= 0, 7.10 3 (
BA TPP o BA TPP
X
BA TPP
BA TPP
= x .L
= 0, 06.0, 01 = 0, 6.10 3 ( )
o BA TPP
R2
+ X2
= 0, 7 2 +0, 6 2.10 3 0,922.10 3( )
BA TPP
BA_ TPP
+ in tr ca dy cp PVC-50 c r 0=0, 4 (/km) v x0=0, 06 (/km) t

t phn phi ti t ng lc 2 l:
R
= r .L
= 0, 4.0, 05= 20.10 3
(
TPP dl 2 o TPP dl 2
TPP dl 2
= x .L
= 0, 06.0, 05 = 3.10 3 ( )
o TPP dl 2
Z
= R2
+X 2
=
TPP dl 2
TPP dl 2
TPP dl 2
202+ 32 .10 3 20, 22.103 (
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
36
+ in tr ca dy cp PVC-10 c: r 0=2 (/km) v x0=0, 08 (/km) t

t ng lc 2 ti ng c 8 trong nhm 2 l:
R
= r .L
= 2.0, 018 = 36.10 3 (
dl 2 8 o dl 2 8
X
dl 2 8
dl 2 8
= x .L
= 0, 08.0, 018 = 1, 44.10 3 ( )
o dl 2 8
= R2
+ X2
= 36 2 + 1, 44 2 .10 3 36, 029.10 3 ( )
dl 2 8
dl 2 8
Ngn mch h p vn c coi l ngn mch xa ngun, coi trm bin p

phn xng l ngun.
Tnh im ngn mch N1:
in tr ti im ngn mch N1 l: ZN1=ZBA=21,77.10-3 ()

Dng ngn mch 3 pha l:
N1
1, 05.U
dm =
3.Z
N1
1, 05.0, 4
3.21, 77.10 3
11,139 ( kA )
Ta xt
3
X
N1 = BA = 20, 317.10
=2, 6 <3
3
R
R
N1
BA 7,821.10
Dng ngn mch xung kch l:
xk1
= 2.k
nn kxk=1, 37
.I =
xk N1
2.1,37.11,139 21,582 kA
(
Gi tr hiu dng dng xung kch l: I xk1 = q xk. I N1 =1, 09.11,139 12,142( kA)
Tnh im ngn mch N2:
in tr ti im ngn mch N2 l:
ZN2=ZBA+ZBA-TPP= (21, 77+0, 922).10-3=22, 692.10-3 ()
I
N2
1, 05.U
dm =
3.Z
N2
1, 05.0, 4
3.22, 692.10 3
10, 686 ( kA )
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
37
X
+X
N 2 = BA
BA TPP = 20, 317 + 0, 6 2, 455 < 3
Ta xt t s R
nn kxk=1, 37
R +R
7,821+ 0, 7
N2
BA
BA TPP
X
xk 2
= 2.k
.I
=
xk N 2
2.1,37.10, 686 20, 704 kA

(
Gi tr hiu dng ca dng xung kch l:

I
xk 2
= q .I
=1, 09.10, 686 11, 648( kA)
xk N 2
Tnh im ngn mch N3:
ZN3=ZBA+ZBA-TPP+ZTPP-dl1= (21, 77+0, 922+20,22).10-3=42,912.10-3 ()
N3
1, 05.U
dm =
3.Z
N3
1, 05.0, 4
3.42,912.10 3
5, 65 ( kA )
Ta xt t s:
X
+X
+X
N 3 = BA
BA TPP
TPP dl 2 = 20,317 + 0, 6 + 3 0,839< 1
R
R +R
+R
7,821+ 0, 7+ 20
N3
BA
BA TPP
TPP dl 2
Nn kxk=1, 03
( )
Dng ngn mch xung kch l: ixk 3 = 2.k xk .I N 3 = 2.1, 03.5,164 8, 23 kA
Gi tr hiu dng ca dng xung kch l: I xk 3 = q xk . I N 3 =1, 09.5, 65 6,16( kA)
Tnh im ngn mch N4:

Z
N4
=Z
BA
+Z
BA TPP
+Z
+Z
TPP dl 2
dl 2 8
= ( 21, 77 + 0,922 + 20, 22 + 36, 029) .103

78, 941.103 ( )
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
38
I
N4
1, 05.U
dm =
3.Z
N4
1, 05.0, 4
3.78,941.10 3
3, 071 ( kA )
Ta xt t s
X
+X
+X
+X
N 4 = BA
BA TPP
TPP dl 2
dl 2 8 = 20,317 + 0, 6 + 3 + 1, 44 0, 393< 1
R
R +R
+R
+R
7,821+ 0, 7+ 20+ 36
N4
BA
BA TPP
TPP dl 2
dl 2 8
Nn kxk=1, 03
xk 4
= 2.k
.I
=
xk N 4
2.1, 03.3, 071 4, 473 kA

(
Gi tr hiu dng ca dng xung kch l:

I
xk 4
= q .I
=1, 09.3, 071 3,347( kA)
xk N 4
Ti cc im ngn mch N3, v N4 l mng h p nn gi tr qxk=1, 09

Nhn xt:
V khong cch t trm bin p ti t ng lc 1 l xa nht nn ta s ly
kt qu tnh ton trn i vi nhm ng lc 1 xt tnh ton chn v kim
tra iu kin cc phn t trong mng in.
III.2) La chn cc phn t trong h thng cung cp in.
III.2.1) Chn t phn phi ca phn xng.
T phn phi ca phn xng bao gm 1 aptomat tng v 5 aptomat
nhnh bo v cho cc t ng lc trong phn xng.
Aptmat l mt dng my ct h p, n va c chc nng bo v
va c chc nng ng ct mng in.
Aptmat c hai phn t bo v l
cun in t v rle nhit.
Cun in t dng bo v chng dng
ngn mch, cn rle nhit dng bo v chng qu ti.
c tnh bo
v ca aptmat cng tng t nh c tnh bo v ca cu chy.
Nhng
do u im hn hn cu ch l kh nng lm vic chc chn, tin cy, an
ton, ng ct ng thi 3 pha v kh nng t ng ha cao, nn
aptomat mc d c gi t hn vn ngy cng c dng rng ri trong
li in h p .
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
39
AT
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
T phn phi
Hnh 3.2. S t phn phi.

p t mt c chn theo cc iu kin sau:
U
dmA
dmLD
I
I
dmA tt
I
I
cdm
N
a) Chn aptomat cho mch chiu sng:

T chiu sng c bo v bng aptmt khi mt in c th ng li
nhanh, khng mt thi gian phi thay dy ch nu dng cu chy, m bo
chiu sng lin tc.
Dng in lm vic ca mng chiu sng l:
I
cs
cs = 22, 222 33, 763A

3.U
3.0,38
dm
Ta chn loi aptomat ABE-103a c IdmA=40A

Chn aptomat tng trong t phn phi bo v cho mng h p phn xng
Dng in tnh ton chy qua aptomat tng AT l: Itt=390 A
Dng ngn mch ti im ngn mch 2 l: IN2=10,686 A
in p nh mc ca mng h p phn xng l: Udm=380V.
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
40
Nn ta chn aptomat do LG sn xut loi ABE 803a c:

IdmA=500 A v UdmA=600V v Icdm=22 kA
Vy AT l ABE 803a tha mn cc iu kin.
Chn aptomat nhnh ti cc t ng lc.
Chn cho 1 t tiu biu l t ng lc 2:
Dng in tnh ton chy qua aptomat A1 l: Itt=134,887 A
Dng ngn mch ti im ngn mch N3 l: IN3=5,65 kA
in p nh mc ca mng h p phn xng l: Udm=380V
Ta chn aptomat nhnh bo v t ng lc 2 l: ABE 203a c:
IdmA= 175 A v UdmA = 600V v Icdm= 7,5 kA
Vy A2 l ABE203a tha mn.
Tnh tng t cho cc t ng lc cn li, chn cc aptomat nhnh A2, A3,
A4, A5
Ta c bng tng kt sau:
Bng 3.1 Bng tng kt chn aptomat cho cc nhnh.
T ng
lc
Itt (A)
IN3 (kA)
Udm
(V)
Loi
aptomat
IdmA
(A)
Icdm
(kA)
UdmA
(V)
TPP-dl1
133,185
5,65
380
ABE203a
175
7,5
600
TPP-dl2
134,887
5,65
380
ABE203a
175
7,5
600
TPP-dl3
212,21
5,65
380
ABE203a
225
7,5
600
TPP-dl4
176,59
5,65
380
ABE203a
200
7,5
600
III.2.2. Chn cc t ng lc.

Cc t ng lc u chn loi t do Lin X ch to u vo l cu dao cu ch, u nhnh ra t cu ch bo v cc ng c.
Cu ch l thit b n gin nhm ct t mch khi c dng in ln qu
tr s cho php i qua. V th chc nng ca cu ch l bo v qu ti v ngn
mch. Hiu qu bo v ca n ph thuc vo c tnh ca dy chy.
n mn hc
41
Thit k cung cp in
Cu dao (Hay cn gi l dao cch ly) c nhim v ch yu l cch ly phn

mang in v phn khng mang in, to khong cch an ton trng thy, phc
v cho cng tc sa cha, kim tra, bo dng li in.
Trong li in th cu ch c th c dng ring r, cng c th c
dng kt hp vi dao cch ly (DCL).Cn DCL cng c th dng ring r, hoc
kt hp vi cu ch v my ct.
CD
CC
T ng lc
Hnh 3.3. S t phn phi.

i vi mng p trong thit k ny, ta tnh ton chn b cu dao, cu ch h p
tha mn cc iu kin sau:
-
Cu dao h p: tha mn 2 iu kin sau:

U
I
dmCD
dmCD
U
I
dmLD
tt
Cu ch bo v 1 ng c cng tha mn 2 iu kin sau:

I = k .I
tt
t dm
I
k
.I
I mm = mm dm
dc
dc
Trong : Idm L dng in nh mc ca ng c (A)

Kt L h s ti ca ng c, v bi khng cho nn ta ly kt=1
n mn hc
42
Thit k cung cp in
Imm L dng in m my ca ng c (A)

Kmm L h s m my ca ng c, kmm=5, 6, 7
=2, 5 L h s i vi ng c m my nh
Tin hnh tnh ton chn c th
1:
Chn b cu ch bo v thit b ba hi rn trong nhm ng lc
Dng in tnh ton chy qua cu ch l: Itt = kt . I dm =1.37,984 =37,984( A)

Dng in m my ca thit b l: I mm = kmm. I dm = 5.37,984 =189,92( A)
Vy cu ch phi tha mn 2 iu kin sau:
I = 37,984 ( A)
tt
I
189,92
I mm =
= 75,968 ( A)
dc
2,5
I
dc
Do ta chn cu ch H-2-100 c
Idc=80A
Tnh tng t cho cc thit b cn li trong nhm ng lc v trong ton b

phn xng chn cu ch
Bng 3.2. Bng tng kt chn cu ch bo v cc thit b trong phn xng
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
43
I
mm ( A )
Loi cu ch
Idc (A)
189,92
75,968
H-2-100
80
37,984
189,92
75,968
H-2-100
80
Dl1-3
4,775
23,875
9,55
H-2-100
30
Dl1-4
48,112
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl1-5
48,112
240,46
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl1-6
48,112
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl1-7
25,323
126,615
50,646
H-2-100
80
Dl1-8
25,323
126,615
50,646
H-2-100
80
Dl2-1
4,775
23,875
9,55
H-2-100
30
Dl2-2
48,115
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl2-3
48,115
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl2-4
48,115
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl2-5
50,644
253,22
101,288
H-2-250
120
Dl2-6
48,115
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl3-3
Dl2-7
48,112
57,735
240,56
288,675
96,224
115,47
H-2-250
120
Dl3-4
Dl3-1
48,112
4,775
240,56
14,325
96,224
9,55
H-2-250
H-2-100
120
30
Dl3-5
Dl3-2
50,644
48,112
253,22
240,56
101,288
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl3-6
50,644
253,22
101,288
H-2-250
120
Dl3-7
48,112
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl3-8
25,323
126,615
50,646
H-2-250
120
Dl3-9
57,735
288,675
115,47
H-2-250
120
Dl4-1
37,984
189,92
75,968
H-2-100
80
Dl4-2
37,984
189,92
75,968
H-2-100
80
Dl4-3
48,112
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl4-4
48,112
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
120
Dl4-5
48,112
240,56
96,224
H-2-250
150
Dl4-6
25,321
126,615
50,646
H-2-100
60
Dl4-7
25,321
126,615
50,646
H-2-100
60
Dl4-8
57,735
288,675
115,47
H-2-250
120
Dl4-9
57,735
288,675
115,47
H-2-250
120
Thit b
Itt (A)
Imm (A)
Dl1-1
37,984
Dl1-2
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
44
Chn cu ch-cu dao tng CCT bo v t ng lc 1.
Cu ch tng c chn phi tha mn cc iu kin sau:

I
dc
tt
I
+ I k .I
tt
sd dm
mm max
dc
I 2.I nhanh
dc
dc max
I
Trong Itt L dng in tnh ton qua CCT ti t ng lc (A)

Immmax L dng in m my ln nht ca ng c trong nhm ng lc
ksd, Idm L gi tr ng vi ng c c dng in m my max( L h s ly
=2,5)
Ta c bng tnh ton cho cc thit b trong nhm
ng lc 1 l:
Bng 3.3 Bng tnh ton cho cc thit b trong cc nhm ng lc 1.

STT
Tn thit b
Idm (A)
Ksd
Imm (A)
Idc (A)
Ba hi rn
37,984
0,16
37,984
80
Ba hi rn
37,984
0,16
37,984
80
My hn
4,775
0,3
4,775
30
L chy bng
in
48,112
120
48,112
120
48,112
120
5
6
Thit b ha
cng linh kin
0,16
48,112
0,16
48,112
Thit b ti cao
tn
0,16
48,112
My p ma st
25,323
0,16
25,323
80
My p ma st
25,323
0,16
25,323
80
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
45
Cu ch tng CCT1 tho mn cc iu kin.

I
dc
I = 133,185 A
tt
I
+ I k .I
tt
sd dm = 240,56 + ( 133,185 0,16.48,112) 146, 419 A
mm max
dc
2,5
I 2.I nhanh = 2.146, 419 = 292,838 A
dc
dc max
I
Vy ta chn cu ch H-2-400 c Idc=300A
Chn cu ch tng CCT2 bo v t ng lc 2.
Bng 3.3 Bng tnh ton cho cc thit b trong cc nhm ng lc 2.

STT
Tn thit b
Idm (A)
Ksd
Imm (A)
Idc (A)
My hn
4,775
0,3
23,875
30
L din cng
ha nhin liu
240,56
120
240,56
120
240,56
120
253,22
120
3
4
5
L in cng
ha nhin liu
Thit b ti
bnh rng
0,16
48,115
0,16
48,115
0,16
48,115
Thit b ti cao
tn
0,16
50,644
My p ma st
48,115
0,16
240,56
120
My nn kh
57,735
0,16
288,675
120
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
46
Cu ch tng CCT2 phi tha mn iu kin:

I
dc
I = 134,887 A
tt
I
+ I k .I
tt
sd dm = 288, 675 + ( 134,887 0,16.57, 735) 165, 728 A
mm max
dc
2,5
I 2.I nhanh = 2.150 = 300 A
dc
dc max
I
Vy chn CCT2 l cu ch H-2-400 c
Idc=300A
Vi cc t ng lc cn li, tha mn iu kin chn lc th CCT3,

CCT4, CCT5 u chn loi cu ch tng ging nh CCT1, v CCT2 l loi cu
ch H-2-400 c Idc=300A.
Nhn xt:
Vy ta s dng 5 cu ch tng loi cu ch H-2-400 c Idc=300A
bo v cc t ng lc trong mng in thit k.
III.2.3 Chn thanh ci h p.

Thanh ci c dng trong cc t phn phi, t ng lc h p.Cc t
ng lc v t phn phi t trong nh nn ta s dng thanh ci cng v dng
loi thanh ci dt bng ng.
Thanh ci c chn theo dng pht nng cho php v kim tra iu kin
n nh nhit v n nh ng dng ngn mch theo cc cng thc sau:
a) Chn thanh ci cho t phn phi chnh
Dng in tnh ton chy qua thanh ci l: Itt=390A
Dng in pht nng lu di cho php: k1.k2 .I cp I tt
Trong : k1 =0, 95 vi thanh ci t ngang
K2 l h s hiu chnh theo nhit mi trng k2=1
I
390
tt
I
Nn cp k .k = 0,95.1 410,53 ( A )
1 2
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
47
Chn thanh ci ng tit din F=30x4=210mm2 c Icp=475A

Kh nng n nh ng: cp tt
Trong :
cp l ng sut cho php ca vt liu lm thanh ci
2
Thanh ci lm bng ng nn cp = 1400 kG / cm
tt l ng sut tnh ton xut hin trn thanh ci do tc ng dng
ngn mch
M
=
kG / cm2
tt W
Momen un tnh ton:

M = 1, 76.10 2.
l2
1252
.i = 1, 76.10 2.
.21, 582 9,892 ( kG.cm )
10.a xk1
10.60
( )
Momen chng un ca thanh ci l: W = b.h = 3.0, 4 = 0, 08 cm3

6
9,892
2
ng sut tnh ton: tt = W = 0, 08 = 123, 65 kG / cm
Ta c:
ng
cp
= 1400 > = 123, 65 nn thanh ci tha mn iu kin n nh

tt
2
Kh nng n nh nhit: Fmin = .I N 2 . tqd = 6.10, 686. 0,5 45,337 mm
Ta c: F = 120mm2>Fmin=45,337mm2 nn thanh ci tha mn k n nh nhit.

Kt lun:
Vy thanh ci h p ca t phn phi chn m bo yu cu
a)
Chn thanh ci cho cc t ng lc.
Ta tin hnh tnh ton la chn thanh ci cho cc t ng lc tng t nh

chn thanh ci h p trn.
Tnh ton tng t nh trn ta c bng sau:
Bng 3.4 Bng chn thanh ci.
T ng lc
T ng
T ng
T ng
T ng
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
48
lc1
lc 2
lc 3
lc 4
Itt (A)
133,185
134,887
212,21
176,59
Icp (A)
340
340
340
340
F (mm2)
25x3=75
25x3=75
25x3=75
25x3=75
ixk (kA)
8,23
8,23
8,23
8,23
M (kG.cm)
3,772
3,772
3,772
3,772
W (cm3)
0,038
0,038
0,038
0,038
tt (kG/cm2)
47,15
47,15
47,15
47,15
2
cp (kG/cm )
1400
1400
1400
1400
IN3 (kA)
5,65
5,65
5,65
5,65
Fmin (mm2)
23,97
23,97
23,97
23,97
Kt lun
Tha mn
Tha mn
Tha mn
Tha mn
III.2.4 Chn s cch in

S thanh dn cng c chn theo cc iu kin sau:
- Loi s: chn theo v tr t.
- in p: U
U mng
nS
- Dng in: I
nS
I lvmax
Kim tra s theo iu kin.

- n nh nhit: I
- Lc in ng:
Kim tra n nh ng:
Trong : F
Ftt
lc
tc
uu
r
Ftt =1,76.10 -8.l.
i 2xk
a
ph
ng
(kG)
odN
Ik
uur
uu
r
Fcp k.Ftt ,Fcp = 0,6.Fph
l lc ph hng s
ln
khi
ngn
mch
3pha:
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
49
k l h s hiu chnh xc nh theo biu thc: k = H/H

Sau y ta tin hnh chn s cch in cho mng in:
Ta chn s O -10-750 c U = 10kV; Lc ph F
Lc cho php trn u s l: F
cp
Lc
Ftt =1,76.10 -8.l.
= 750 kG
= 0,6.F ph = 0,6.750 = 450 kG
tnh
i 2xk
a
ton:
2
21,582
=17,079(kG)
60
H ' 17, 5
k=
=
= 1,167
H
15
=1,76.10 2.125.
H s hiu chnh:
T
ph
ta
lc
k .Ftt = 1,167.17,079 = 19,931 < Fcp = 450(kG )
hiu
chnh:
Kt lun:
Nh vy s c chn m bo cc yu cu v k thut
III.2.5 Kim tra iu kin chn dy cp.

- Kim tra iu kin tit din dy cp theo iu kin n nh nhit dng khi
c tc ng dng ngn mch:
F F
= .I . t
dd
min
N qd
Vi loi dy cp ng th = 6 , tqd = 0,5

-
Kim tra iu kin dy cp khi c thit b bo v :
Kim tra iu kin dy cp khi c thit b bo v l aptomat:

I
cp
1, 25.I
dmA
k .k .1,5
1 2
Vi cc dy cp dn in t t ng lc ti cc ng c trong phn
xng th ta khng phi kim tra li iu kin n nh nhit dng ngn mch v
ngn mch cc ng c l ngn mch xa ngun, dng ngn mch nh (nh
tnh ton trn).
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
50
Ta c bng tng kt s liu sau

Bng 3.5. Bng kim tra chn dy cp.
ng
dy
Loi cp
PVC-300
Icp (A)
Idc(A)
Imin(kA)
517
IN
(kA)
300
PVC-35
PVC-50
159
235,294
PVC-95
188
235,294
Dl1-1
Dl1-2
Dl1-3
Dl1-4
Dl1-5
Dl1-6
Dl1-7
PVC-70
PVC-4
279
235,294
PVC-4
PVC-2,5
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-2,5
233
47
47
35
78
78
78
35
23,97
tha
mn
23,97
tha
mn
23,97
tha
mn
5,65
300
TPP-dl4
23,97
tha
mn
5,65
300
TPP-dl3
45,337
tha
mn
5,65
300
TPP-dl2
(mm2)
Kt
lun
10,686
TBA-TPP
TPP-dl1
Fmin
5,65
235,294
80
80
30
120
120
120
80
235,294
tha
mn
62,745
tha
mn
23,529
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
94,118
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
Dl1-8
PVC-2,5
35
80
47,059
tha
mn
Dl2-1
PVC-1,5
27
30
62,745
tha
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
51
mn
Dl2-2
Dl2-3
Dl2-4
Dl2-5
Dl2-6
Dl2-7
Dl3-1
Dl3-2
Dl3-3
Dl3-4
Dl3-5
Dl3-6
Dl3-7
Dl3-8
Dl3-9
Dl4-1
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-1,5
PVC-6
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-6
PVC-10
PVC-10
PVC-2,5
PVC-16
PVC-4
35
78
78
78
78
78
27
59
78
78
59
78
78
35
101
47
120
120
120
120
120
120
30
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
80
23,529
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
47,059
tha
mn
62,745
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
94,118
tha
mn
47,059
tha
mn
156,863
tha
mn
156,863
tha
mn
23,529
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
94,118
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
n mn hc
Dl4-2
PVC-6
Dl4-3
59
PVC-10
Dl5-4
PVC-10
Dl5-5
PVC-6
Dl5-6
PVC-4
Dl5-8
78
35
47
PVC-10
Dl5-9
78
59
PVC-2,5
Dl5-7
Thit k cung cp in
52
PVC-16
78
101
80
120
120
150
60
60
120
120
47,059
tha
mn
156,863
tha
mn
62,745
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
117,647
tha
mn
47,059
tha
mn
47,059
tha
mn
Ring dy cp t trm bin p ti t phn phi ca phn xng th ta kim

tra dy cp khi t phn phi c bo v bng aptomat tng theo iu kin sau:
I
cp
= 500 A
1, 25.I
dmA = 1,15.500 = 450,98 A

k .k .1,5 1.0,85.1,5
1 2
Vy cp chn tha mn.

Kt lun:
Vy sau khi kim tra iu kin ca cc dy cp th tt c cc loi dy dn
ta chn trn u tha mn v m bo yu cu.
n mn hc
53
Thit k cung cp in
CHNG IV
TNH TON NI T V CHNG ST
****************
IV.1) Tnh ton ni t:
Vic tnh ton ni t l xc nh s lng cc v thanh ngang cn
thit m bo in tr ca h thng ni t nm trong gii hn yu cu. in
tr ca h thng ni t ph thuc vo loi v s lng cc tip a, cu trc
ca h thng ni t v tnh cht ca t ni t tip a.
Trong n ny, s dng phng php tnh ton ni t theo in tr
yu cu (Ryc) . Phng php gm cc bc chnh nh sau :
1. Xc nh in tr yu cu ca h thng ni t
2. Xc nh in tr ni t nhn to nu c .
Thng thng tng cng cho h thng ni t v tit kim cho h thng
ni t nhn to, ngi ta tn dng cc cng trnh ngm nh ng dn bng kim
loi, cc cu kin b tng ct thp, v cp, nn mngTuy nhin y cn ht
sc lu l khng bao gi c s dng cc ng ng dn nhin liu. in
tr ca tt c cc cng trnh k trn gi l in tr ni t t nhin Rtn. Gi tr
ca in tr ni t t nhin c xc nh theo phng php o, bng thit b
o in tr tip a. Nu gi tr Rtn<Ryc th khng cn phi xy dng them h
thng ni t nhn to. Trong trng hp ngc li th cn tin hnh xc nh
gi tr in tr tip a nhn to Rn.to .
3. Chn in cc tip a v xc nh in tr ca chng .
4. Xc nh s lng in cc cn thit khi cha tnh n thanh ni
ngang .
5. Xc nh in tr ca h thng ni t nhn to c tnh n in tr ca
cc thanh ni ngang .
6. Xc nh s lng in cc chnh thc:
7. Kim tra iu kin n nh nhit ca h thng ni t;
Tin hnh tnh ton c th cho trm bin p cng sut 250kVA .
in tr ni t cho php i vi trm bin p c cng sut ln hn 100kVA l
Rtd = 4 , in tr sut ca vng t o trong iu kin m trung bnh l 0
= 0,75.104 .cm ( h s hiu chnh ca cc tip a l kcc = 1,5 v vi thanh
ni ngang l knga = 2 ) ( bng 44.pl ) [ ti liu 2 ]
Do khng c h thng tip a t nhin nn in tr ca h thng tip a
nhn to . Rnt = Rtd = 4 . Chn cc tip a bng thp trn di l = 2,5 m ,
ng knh d = 6cm , ng su cch mt t h = 0,75m . in tr tip xc ca
cc tip a c xc nh theo biu thc :
n mn hc
Rcc =
54
Thit k cung cp in
h coc .0 2l 1
4h + l
ln + ln tb
2l d 2
4h tb l
1,5.0,75.104 2.250 1 4.200 + 250

+ ln
=
ln
2.3,14.250
6
2 4.200 250
= 34,01
Nh vy s lng cc s b l :
R coc
34,01
n=
=
= 8,5 cc
R nd
4
Vy chn n = 8 cc
Gi s trm bin p t trn mt din tch hnh ch nht c kch thc l
5x6m .Nh vy s cc ny c ng xung quanh trm bin p theo chu vi l :
L = 2.( 5 + 6 ) = 22 m
Khong cch trung bnh gia cc cc l :
la 2,75
L 22
la = =
= 2,75 m , nn t l : =
= 1,1 .
l
2,5
n 8
Tra bng 49.pl [ ti liu2 ] , ta xc nh c h s li dng ca cc cc tip
a l cc = 0,58 , v thanh ni ngang ngang = 0,36 .
Chn thanh ngang gia cc cc tip a bng thp c kch thc
bxc = 50x60 mm . in tr ca thanh ni ngang :
k nga . 0
2.L2 2.0,75.104
2.22002
ln
=
ln
Rnga =
= 11,03
2L
b.h 2.3,14.2100
5.75
in tr thc t ca thanh ni ngang c xt n h s li dng l :
R
11,03
R 'nga = nga =
= 30,64
nga 0,36
in tr cn thit ca h thng tip a nhn to c tnh n in tr ca
thanh ni ngang l :
R 'nga .R nt
30,64.4
'
R nt = '
=
= 4,6
R nga R nt 30,64 4
S lng cc chnh thc l :
R coc
34,01
=
= 12,74 cc.
nct =
'
cocR nt 0,58.4,6
Kt lun:
Vy chn s lng cc l 12 cc . S b tr cc c minh ha nh
di y .
n mn hc
55
Thit k cung cp in
Kim tra n nh nhit ca h thng ni t :

2,5
( 3) t
F
= I . k = 11139.
= 238,004mm2 < 300mm2
min
k1 C
74
t
Kt lun:
Nh vy h thng tip a tha mn v iu kin n nh nhit
.
IV.2) Tnh ton chng st:
Chng st van c chn bo v chng st nh lan truyn. iu kin
chn sao cho Un ca thit b chng st bng in p nh mc pha cao ca my
bin p. Tra ti liu, ta chn ta chn chng st van loi PBC-22T1
( bng 35.pl ) [ 2 ] do Nga sn xut c Un = 22kV , in p cho php bng
25kV , in p phng xung 80 kV , in p phng f = 50hz l 49-60,5 kV.
n mn hc
Thit k cung cp in
56
CHNG V
D TON CNG TRNH
V.1) Danh mc cc thit b
Trong mc ny cn lit tt c cc thit b chn cc phn trn , gm c
ptmat , khi ng t, cu chy cao p, cc tip a, dy dn , v c trnh
by bng di y.
Cc phn t chnh ta lit k trong bng sau:
Bng 5.1. Bng lit k thit b v hch ton gi thnh

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Phn t
Cp tng
(MBATPPTT)
Cp PP-L1
Cp PP-L2
Cp PP-L3
Cp PP-L4
Cp L
Cp L
Cp L
Loi
n
S
v
lng
(mt)
n gi
/mt
Vn u t
()
PVC-300
35
180
6,3
PVC-35
PVC-50
PVC-95
PVC-70
PVC-1,5
PVC-2,5
PVC-4
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
23
32
23
32
35
126
108
95
120
132
125
56
72
81
2,2
3,84
3,04
4
1,96
9,07
8,75
n mn hc
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Cp L
Cp L
Cp L
Aptomat
tng
Aptomat
nhm 1
Aptomat
nhm2
Aptomat
nhm3
Aptomat
nhm4
Aptomat cs
Cu chy h
p
Chng st
vang
V t in
Cc tip a
Vn k
Ampe k
Thit k cung cp in
57
PVC-6
PVC-10
PVC-16
m
m
m
67
335
50
89
92
112
5,96
30,82
5,6
ABE803a
ci
450
0,45
ABE203a
ci
273
0,273
ABE203a
ci
273
0,273
ABE203a
ci
300
0,300
ABE203a
ci
285
0,285
ABE103a
ci
200
0,2
ci
33
165
PCB22T1
2000
ci
Cc
ci
ci
1
12
5
5
1000
100
310
400
1
1,2
1,55
2
5,6
0-500V
0-200A
Kt lun:
Tng vn u t cho cng trnh khong 256,071 triu ng
Kt lun v kin ngh.

y l ln u tin em thc hin n cung cp in nn khng th khng
trnh khi nhng thiu st do cha c nhiu kinh nghim v thc t. n
cung cp in cho phn xng tuy cha hon chnh song cn 1 s phn tnh
n mn hc
58
Thit k cung cp in
ton l cha k. Phn hch ton cng trnh cha tnh n chi ph nhn cng
thc t, vic thit k trm bin p cn nhiu kh khn.
Vic thit k cung cp in l mt lnh vc nhiu kh khn, phc tp nhng
cng rt th v. Ngi k s thit k i hi phi c nhng kin thc chuyn
mn vng vng v lng yu ngh. Chng em mong c thy c to iu kin
v mong c ch bo nhiu hn trong nhng n tip theo.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n.
MC LC
Trang
LI NI U....1
CHNG I
XC NH PH TI TNH TON CA PHN XNG.....2
I.1) Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc nhm ph ti......2
I.1.1) Ph ti chiu sng......2
I.1.2) Ph ti ng lc.....4
I.1.3) Ph ti tng hp....10
CHNG II
LA CHN PHNG N CP IN CHO PHN XNG...12
II.1) Trm bin p phn xng........12
n mn hc
59
Thit k cung cp in
II.1.1) Xc nh v tr t trm bin p phn xng13

II.2) Chn cng sut v s lng my bin p....14
II.3) La chn s ni in ti u........17
a) Chn s b phng n.........17
b) Tnh ton chn phng n ti u........17
Phng n 1....17
Phng n 2....21
CHNG III
LA CHN CC PHN T TRONG H THNG CUNG CP IN V
KIM TRA IU KIN DY CP...31
III.1) S Trm Bin p phn phi mng h p phn xng...31
a) Tnh ton ngn mch......31
b) Tnh ton cc gi tr in tr ca cc phn t trn.....32
III.2) La chn cc phn t trong h thng cung cp in...36
III.2.1) Chn t phn phi ca phn xng......36
III.2.2) Chn cc t ng lc38
III.2.3) Chn thanh cp h p...44
III.2.4) Chn s cch in.46
III.2.5) Kim tra cc iu kin chn dy cp.47
CHNG IV
TNH TON NI T V CHNG ST...50
IV.1) Tnh ton ni t...50
IV.2) Tnh ton chng st...53
CHNG V.
D TON CNG TRNH
V.1) Danh mc cc thit b53
TI LIU THAM KHO
n mn hc
60
Thit k cung cp in
1.Thit k cp in ,Tc gi Ng Hng Quang,V Vn Tm:Nh xut bn

khoa hc k thut H Ni -2008.
2.Gio trnh cung cp in theo tiu chun IEC .Tc gi Ts Trn Quang
Khnh, nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut .
3.Bi tp cung cp in.Tc gi Ts Trn Quang Khnh, nh xut bn khoa
hc v k thut .
4.101 bi tp li in ,cung cp in ,c kh ng dy .Tc gi Ng Hng
Quang, nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut H Ni 2006.
5.S tay la chn v tra cu thit b in t 0,4 n 500 kV. Tc gi Ng
Hng Quang, nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut H Ni 2005.

đồ án cung cấp điện của Hằng

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

đồ án cung cấp điện của Hằng

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

n mn hc

t nc ta ang trong cng cuc cng nhip ho , hin i ho . Nhu cu

H ni, thng 6 nm 2010

V dng bng n si t nn h s cos=0,9.

- Xc nh s lng thit b hiu dng ca mi nhm nhd ( l 1 s qui i

snh k vi kb l h s ng vi k sd ca nhm . Nu k > kb , ly nhq = n , l s

- H s nhu cu ca nhm s c xc nh theo biu thc sau :

- Cui cng ph ti tnh ton ca c nhm l :

1 my hn dm % =25% c P = 2,2 (kW)

1 l chy bng in c P = 19 (kW)

1 l in ha cng linh kin c P = 19 (kW)

1 thit b ti cao tn c P = 19 (kW)

Nhm 2 c 7 thit b gm:

1 my hn dm % =25% c P = 2,2 (kW)

2 l in cng ha nhin liu c P = 2.19 (kW)

1 thit b ti bnh rng c P = 20 (kW)

1 thit b ti cao tn c P = 19 (kW)

Nhm 3 c 9 thit b gm:

1 my hn dm % = 25% c P = 2,2 (kW)

2 l chy bng in c P = 2.19 (kW)

1 l in ha cng linh kin c P = 19 (kW)

2 thit b ti bnh rng P = 2.20 (kW)

1 thit b ti cao tn c P = 19 (kW)

Nhm 4 c 9 thit b gm:

2 l in ha cng linh kin c P = 2.19(kW)

1 thit b ti cao tn c P = 19 (kW)

Thy k sd =0,16 < 0,2 .

-Xc nh tng cng sut ca n1 thit b : P1 = Pdmi

Xc nh theo cng thc nhq = n.nhq

P1 = Pdmi =2.15 + 19 + 19 + 19 + 2.10 = 107

nhq = n .n hq =8.0,85=6,8.Ly theo gi tr t nhin nn nhq =7

Cng sut phn khng ca nhm l :

Tnh ton tng t cho cc nhm cn li c bng tng kt ph ti ca cc

Ph ti tng hp ca nhm ng lc c tng hp theo phng php h s

H s s dng tng hp ca 4 nhm ng lc l :

Vy c bng tng hp ph ti ng lc theo phng php h s nhu cu nh

I.1.3) Ph ti tng hp.

Pcs.lm: Tng cng sut chiu sng ca phn xng.

= 138,51 + ( )0,04 0, 41 .20

H s cng sut tng hp ca ton phn xng:

Pdl .cos tb + Pcs .cos cs

V bng n chiu sng c chn l bng n si t nn cos

Pdl .costb + Pcs .cos cs

Cng sut biu kin:

T ta c cng sut phn khng:

QN = S .sin N = 256,69.0,81 = 207,92 ( kVAr )

S = 151, 45 + j 207,92 ( kVA )

Trm bin p l mt phn t rt quan trng ca h thng in n

- m bo cung cp in lin tc v tin cy vi cht lng

Hnh 2.1. S b tr my bin p .

II.2) Chn cng sut v s lng my bin p:

Phng n 2 : Dng 2 mba c cng sut l 2

SdmB Stt = 256, 69( kVA)

Ta chn my bin p cng sut 315(kVA)

ht ta kim tra kh nng qu ti ca my bin p khi mt trong hai my

Vi my bin p do Vit Nam sn xut th atc = = 0,125

kh : L t l khu hao ca my bin p

C : L gi thnh tn tht in nng

L tn tht in nng trong trm bin p v tnh theo cng thc:

n: l s my bin p trong trm bin p

t: L thi gian vn hnh trm bin p trong 1 nm t = 8760h

dmBA : L cng sut nh mc ca my bin p (kVA)

: L thi gian tn tht ln nht v tnh theo cng thc:

Phng n 1: dng 2 my bin p 2x160 kVA