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THE NATUREOF LIGHT
Copyright 2011 All rights reserved 
 D T YARBROUGH 
 
THE NATURE OF LIGHT 
Light leaving the edge of the universe and heading our way should go through manychanges before reaching us. It is difficult to say if the laws of physics even exist in thisfar away place where even space itself is moving at the speed of light. But we have a pretty good idea of what the light from our sun looks like. So let's follow it out to thedistant object.I believe that what we refer to as the wavelength of light is actually the spacing between the photons in a beam of light. I will be referring to the spacing of photons. If you prefer, you can think of it as wavelength. Sunlight consists of all the colors of therainbow. The beam of light has photons with somewhat random spacing. The spacing between the photons in the visible part of the spectrum ranges between 380-780 nm. Ananometer is 1 billionth of a meter. This is about the width of six bonded carbon atoms,or 1/40,000 the width of a human hair or over a billion times the width of an electron.The spacing of photons in visible light is about 1/100 to 1/50 the width of a human hair.The reason for the difference in spacing when the light arrived, compared to when itleft, is due to the changes in speed as the photons passed through various mediums, eachmedium traveling at various speeds. Even the space there is expanding at a different ratethan it does here. Photons will always travel at a speed relative to the medium they are passing through. If that medium is space, the speed is the speed of light in space.Within the frame of our solar system, space itself is moving at an orbital and rotationalvelocity relative to the sun. Space just outside the solar system is moving at an orbitaland rotational velocity relative to the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. The galaxymoves within the frame of a galactic cluster that orbits around its own center of gravity.The light source exists within similar frames.The volume of the universe (or any sphere) is such that the volume is directly proportional to the cube of the radius. As the radius doubles, the volume becomes eighttimes greater. The speed of the expanding space is only limited by the speed of light atthe edge of the universe. As you start with that speed and work your way back towardthe center of the universe, the speed of expansion decreases exponentially. The formulato calculate speed at a specific location is:S = (D/R)
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If D(distance from Big Bang) is ½ R(radius of the universe), S(speed) is 1/8 the speedof light. If D/R = 1/3, then S = 1/27 the speed of light.As the light leaves our galaxy and enters space, it speeds up by 600 km/s and thespacing between the particles spread out by a factor of 1/500. As it passes throughexpanding space it speeds up from .183 times the speed of light to twice the speed of light. It spreads out by a factor of 10.93. Unless the distant object is traveling at close to10.93 times the speed of light, relative to the Big Bang, the light will not look anythinglike the light that left the earth.
 
Assuming that light headed this way leaves the distant object in wavelengths similar toour sun's light, then it would speed up as it entered space by some small factor(1/500 to1/50). As it moved through space it would increase from zero to .817 times the speed of light(relative to the Big Bang). This would be an expansion factor of near infinity. Of course, that light will not reach us here for another 18.225 X 10
19
years.If it left the object when the universe was 7,675,000,000 years old when it was120,000 light years away from where we are today, the light would just reach us today.The expansion rate would still be enormous. This is not possible. It is not what we see.
 ALTERNATIVE ANSWER:
 As I said earlier, the spacing between the photons is about a billion times the size of an electron. But what is the size of an electron? An atom has a field diameter 100,000times the size of a proton itself. The electron, if measured while orbiting an atom, wouldhave a field size 100,000 times smaller than if it where stationary and spinning at fullspeed. Photons may be close to the size of an electron, though I had expected them to bea thousand times smaller. No one has ever measured a photon's size as far as I know.What if photons at a particular energy lever have a field diameter that matches their so-called wavelength when traveling at 300,000 km/s? As the beam of light slows, thefields expand and the spacing expands. Scattering will occur as all of the photons can nolonger fit in a straight line. Scattering of specific field sizes or energy levels or wavelengths, which ever way you want to look at it, is more prevalent than others. Thisis thought to be absorption, but I believe it is simply scattering.As the beam speeds up, gaps appear between photons, and the trailing photons speedup and fill the gaps. The speed of the overall beam is limited by the lead photon and thefriction it encounters in the medium. The beam would reach its destination unchangedexcept for the so-called absorption lines(missing wavelengths). The scattering alsoexplains the decrease in intensity after passing through dense medium.Light is not a wave. You can simulate wavelight properties with elaborate equipmentand fine tuned apparatus, but if it truly were a wave, these would not be needed. If therewere wave interference anywhere near the levels these simulations seem to indicate, wewouldn't be able to read size 40 font with a magnifying glass. If someone tossed threecolored bottles, one with an electronic beacon, into the ocean at the beach at Normandyand something like the gulf stream carried them around the world, when you found the bottle with the beacon, what are the chances the other two will be nearby?When it comes to light, even after crossing billions of light years distance, the bottlesare not only close by, the relative locations are unchanged to an almost unimaginablysmall scale.This larger size for photons bring up other questions. As far as I can tell, the onlydifference between particles are their size. This would place the photon as the largest particle. Perhaps this is why photons can't flow through materials that are relatively
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