COAL FACTS

2011 Edition with 2010 data Coal provides 29.6% of global primary energy needs and generates 42% of the world's electricity Total Global Coal Production (including hard coal and lignite)

7229Mt (2010e) 6823Mt (2009) 4677 (1990)

Total Global Hard Coal Production

6185Mt (2010e): 891Mt coking coal, 5294Mt steam coal 5789Mt (2009): 782Mt coking coal, 501Mt steam coal 3493Mt (1990): 598Mt coking coal, 2894Mt steam coal
Top Ten Hard Coal Producers (2010e) PR China USA India Australia South Africa 3162Mt 932Mt 538Mt 353Mt 255Mt Russia Indonesia Kazakhstan Poland Colombia 248Mt 173Mt 105Mt 77Mt 74Mt

In 2010, world hard coal production increased by 6.8%, compared to 1.8% in 2009. It continued to be driven by growth in production from the non-OECD countries with 8.4% Total Global Brown Coal/Lignite Production

1042Mt (2010e) 1033Mt (2009)

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 1184Mt (1990)
Top Ten Brown Coal Producers (2010e) Germany Indonesia Russia Turkey Australia 169Mt 163Mt 76Mt 69Mt 67Mt USA Greece Poland Czech Republic Serbia 65Mt 56Mt 56Mt 44Mt 37Mt

Brown coal production in the OECD countries continued to decline while non-OECD brown coal production rose to a record level, led by Indonesia which accounted for over 75% of global incremental growth.

Top Ten Coal Consumers (2010e) PR China USA India Russia Japan 2516Mtce 733Mtce 434Mtce 177Mtce 165Mtce South Africa Germany Korea Poland Chinese Taipei 141Mtce 105Mtce 103Mtce 87Mtce 60Mtce

Reserves At current production levels, proven coal reserves are estimated to last 118 years, with recoverable reserves in around 70 countries. In contrast, proven oil and gas reserves are equivalent to around 46 and 59 years at current production levels respectively and over 62% of oil and 64% of gas reserves are concentrated in the Middle East and Russia. Coal in Electricity Generation Coal is the major fuel used for generating electricity worldwide - countries heavily dependent on coal for electricity include (2008, 2009): South Africa Poland PR China Australia 93% 90% 79% 76% Kazakhstan India Israel Czech Rep 70% 69% 63% 56% Morocco Greece USA Germany 55% 55% 45% 44%

Coal & Steel Approximately 13% (around 717Mt) of total hard coal production is currently used by the steel industry and over 60% of total global steel production is dependent on coal.

World Coal Association, 5th Floor Heddon House, 149-151 Regent Street, London, W1B 4JD t: +44 (0) 20 7851 0052 f: +44 (0) 20 7851 0061 e: info@worldcoal.org www.worldcoal.org

International Hard Coal Trade 1990 2000 2010 Steam 297Mt 402Mt 676Mt Coking 199Mt 183Mt 262Mt Total Trade 496Mt 585Mt 938Mt

Top Coal Exporters (2010e) Australia Indonesia Russia USA South Africa Colombia Canada Total of which 298Mt 162Mt 109Mt 74Mt 70Mt 68Mt 31Mt Steam 143Mt 160Mt 95Mt 23Mt 68Mt 67Mt 4Mt Coking 155Mt 2Mt 14Mt 51Mt 2Mt 1Mt 27Mt

Top Coal Importers (2010e) Japan PR China South Korea India Chinese Tapei Germany Turkey Total of which 187Mt 177Mt 119Mt 90Mt 63Mt 46Mt 27Mt Steam 129Mt 129Mt 91Mt 60Mt 58Mt 38Mt 20Mt Coking 58Mt 48Mt 28Mt 30Mt 5Mt 8Mt 7Mt

Sources: BP, IEA, World Steel Association, SSY, WEC (e = estimated) (Mt = Million tonnes) World Coal Association August 2011

World Coal Association, 5th Floor Heddon House, 149-151 Regent Street, London, W1B 4JD t: +44 (0) 20 7851 0052 f: +44 (0) 20 7851 0061 e: info@worldcoal.org www.worldcoal.org