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FUNDA Q & A
Concepts of Man and His Basic Human Needs1.) The theory on man as a Biopsychosocial andSpiritual being by Sister Callista Royconceptualizes the following EXCEPT:A.) Man, as a biologic being is like all other menB.) Man, as a psychologic being is like no other manC.) Man, as a social being is like some other menD.) Man, is a spiritual being only when heprofesses that he believes in GodAns: D>According to the theory on Man asBiopsychosocial and Spiritual Being, all men arespiritual by nature. This is because of the willand intellect; virtues of faith, hope, and charity,and the belief of existence of supreme power who guides man’s faith and destiny2.) Which of the following is NOT a characteristicof an open system?A.) It is self-sufficient and is totally isolated fromother systemsB.) It exchanges matter, energy or informationwith the environmentC.) It allows sustaining elements to enter thesystem to nourish itD.) It is easily affected by changes in other systemsAns: A>An open system needs to exchange matter,energy and information. It is interrelated andinterdependent with other systems3.) Which aspect of man’s nature isdemonstrated by making a choice therapeuticregimen reluctantly?A.) Limited and unlimited natureB.) Mature nature with core of immaturityC.) A creature of indecisivenessD.) Rational and logical, yet irrational at timesAns: C> Man is a creature of indecisiveness. He isalways at the crossroad of choosing4.) Body image is:A.) The way a person appears and his style of groomingB.) The way the person looks at a certain ageC.) The way a person pictures/perceives hisappearance and function and how he compareshimself with others.D.) A body with complete parts and functionsAns: C>Body image is the way a person perceives hisappearance and function5.) The nursing diagnosis Body ImageDisturbance is most likely to be written for whichof the following persons?A.) A patient with above the knee amputationB.) A patient with second degree burnsC.) A quadriplegic patientD.) A person entering the health care systemafter moving from wellness to illnessAns: D>A person entering a health care system mostlikely would experience alteration in body image6.) The nurse should assess the activitytolerance of the patient with which of thefollowing conditions?A.) Diabetes mellitusB.) DiarrheaC.) AnemiaD.) Kidney stonesAns: C>Activity intolerance is an appropriate nursingdiagnosis for a client with anemia. IN anemia,there is low oxygen-carrying capacity of theblood, so the client experiences weakness andfatigue7.) According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,which of the following is a basic physiologicneed after oxygen?A.) Water B.) Freedom from infectionC.) Love and belongingnessD.) Self-esteemAns: A>Water is next to oxygen in the hierarchy of physiologic needs for survival8.) Mrs. Sy, diagnosed with cancer of the breast,is scheduled to undergo chemotherapy. Howshould the nurse deal with the topic of hair losswith client?A.)Discuss about hair loss as it occursB.)Provide reading material about chemotherapyC.)Acknowledge that hair loss may be a difficultside effect and explore the patient’s feelingabout thisD.) Give the patient information about headscarf, hats or wigsAns: C>Focusing on the feelings of the client regardinghair loss is therapeutic. Discussing about wigs,headscarf, and hats will be dealt with later 9.) The following are characteristics of basichuman needs EXCEPT:A.) Priorities are uniform to all individualsB.) Needs may be met in different waysC.) Needs are interrelatedD.) Needs may be deferredAns: A>Priorities vary from individual to individual,according to stage of growth and development,life situations and other factors10.) Which of the following needs is consideredby the nurse when she implements reverseisolation for the client with leukemia?A.) Physiologic needB.) Safety and securityC.) Love and belongingnessD.) Self esteemAns: B>The client with leukemia has low resistance toinfections. Protecting him from infection byimplementing reverse or protective isolationtechnique meets his need for safety and security11.) Who among the following clients should beattended first by the nurse?A) The client with cough and coldsB.) The client with pain on the chestC.) The client with fever due to infectionD.) The client who is for dischargeAns: B
>The client with pain on the chest should beattended first by the nurse because he needs tobe assessed and managed immediately beforesevere problem occurs. The clients with signsand symptoms of infections may be dealt withafter those without infections to preventcontamination. The client for discharge wouldrequire longer nursing time for health teachings,and may be dealt with later Concepts of Health and Illness12.) The following are concepts of health:1...) Health is a state of complete physical,mental, and social well being and not merely theabsence of disease or infirmity2.) Health is the ability to maintain balance3.) Health is the ability to maintain the internalenvironment4.) Health is the integration of all parts andsubparts of an individualA.) 1,2,3B.) 1,3,4C.) 2,3,4D.) 1,2,3,4Ans D1-WHO concept of health2-Walter Cannon’s concept of health onhomeostasis3-Claude Bernard’s concept of health on internalmilieu4- Neuman’s concept of health on integration of parts and subparts of an individual13.) The theorist who advocates that health isthe ability to maintain dynamic equilibrium is:A.) Claude BernardB.) Walter CannonC.) Hans SelyeD.) Martha RogersANS: B> Walter Cannon advocates that health is theability to maintain dynamic equilibrium(homeostasis)14.) The “Health-Illness Continuum Theory”describes which of the following:1.) The effect of environment to well-being andillness2.) High level wellness is achieved if a person isable to function independently3.) Precursor of illness may be hereditary,environmental and behavioral factors4.) The relationship between agent, host andenvironmentA.) 1,2,3,4B.) 1,3,4C.) 1,2,3D.) 2,3,4ANS: C> 1,2,3 Dunn’s “Health-illness ContinuumTheory” describes the following:1.) The effect of environment to well-being andillness2.) High level wellness is achieved if a person isable to function independently3.) Precursor of illness may be hereditary,environmental and behavioral factors15.) Which of the following statements is not trueis high-level wellness?A.) It is applicable only to healthy individualsB.) It is the ability to perform activities of dailylivingC.) It connotes maximizing one’s potentialitiesD.) It is the ability to perform self-careANS: A> The statement which is NOT TRUE in highlevel wellness is that, it is applicable only tohealthy individuals. High level wellness isapplicable to both the well and the ill, as long asone maximizes his potentialities and functionsindependently16.) Mrs. De Guzman had been diagnosed tohave hypertension since 15 years ago. Sincethen, she had maintained low sodium diet, tocontrol her blood pressure. This practice isviewed as:A.) Her superstitious belief B.) Her cultural belief C.) Her personalD.) Her health belief ANS: D> Health belief of an individual influences his/her preventive health behavior. Health beliefs maybe influenced by individual perceptions,modifying factors, perceived benefits of preventive actions and perceived barriers topreventive actions17.) The “Role Performance Model” of healthviews that:A.) Health is the absence of signs andsymptoms of diseaseB.) Health is successful adaptationC.) Health is the ability to perform one’s work or jobD.) Health is realization of one’s potentialANS: C> The “Role Performance Model” of health bySmith views that health is the ability to performone’s societal roles such as one’s work or job18.) Mr. Salvador practices excessive alcoholintake. This is considered as which type of precursor to illness?A.) Behavioral factor B.) Environmental factor C.) Hereditary factor D.) Genetic factor ANS: A> Taking alcohol excessively is a behavioralprecursor of illness. Other behavioral factors thatmay lead to illness are as follows: cigarettesmoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, poor hygiene, inadequate rest and sleep, excessiveworry and tension,etc19.) A person who may or may not be affectedby disease is:A.) AgentB.) Carrier C.) VictimD.) HostANS: D> A host is an individual who may or may not beaffected by disease20.) Health promotion activities are directed toachieve the following:1. Increasing level of wellness2. Improving quality of life3. Relying on health care personnel to maintainhealth
4. Promoting healthful lifestyleA.) 1,2,4B.) 2,3,4C.) 1,2,3D.) 1,2,3,4ANS: A> 1,2,4 Health promotion activities are directedto achieve the following:1.) Increasing level of wellness2.) Improving quality of life3.) Promoting healthful lifestyleFurthermore, health promotion involves theprinciples of self responsibility for one’s health21.) Which of the following behaviors is notexpected when a client assumes the sick role?A.) The client seeks for sick leaveB.) The client consults a physician because of headache and perceived fever C.) The client takes medications as prescribedby the physicianD.) The client ignores his dizziness, with thehope that it will be relieved spontaneouslyANS: D> Ignoring signs and symptoms of a disease isnot a sick role behavior. Sick role emphasizesthat the person: is not held responsible for hiscondition ; is excused from social roles; isobliged to get well as soon as possible; isobliged to seek for competent help, i.e. seekingadvice of health professionals for validation of real illness, explanation of symptoms andreassurance or prediction of outcomeHealth and Illness- Asepsis and Infection Control22.) Which of the following situations may causedroplet transmission of microorganisms?A.) Facing a clients who is coughing andsneezing within a distance of 3 feetB.) Eating contaminated shell fishC.) Puncture from intravenous needle removedfrom a client with hepatitis BD.) Exposure to flood water Ans: A> Facing client who is coughing and sneezingmost likely would cause droplet transmission of microorganisms23.) Which of the following is most effectivepractice by caregivers and family, when caringfor a client with low resistance to infection due tocancer.A.) Allow two visitors only, at a timeB.) Wash hands frequentlyC.) Wear masks in the client’s room at all timesD.) Meticulous cleaning of the client’s roomANS: B> Handwashing is the most effective practice toprevent transfer of microorganisms24.) The primary why the faucet is considered ascontaminated is:A.) It is located in unsterile areaB.) Many people are using itC.) It is frequently usedD.) It is opened by dirty handsANS: D> The faucet is considered contaminatedprimarily because it is opened by dirty hands25.) The nurse enters the room of the client onairborne precautions due to tuberculosis. Whichof the following are appropriate actions by thenurse?1. She wears the mask, covering the nose andmouth2. She washes her hands before and after removing gloves, after suctioning the client’ssecretions3. She removes gloves and mask before leavingthe client’s room4. She discards contaminated suction catheter tip in a trash can found in the client’s roomA.) 1 and 2B.) 1 and 3C.) 1,2 and 3D.) 1,2,3, and 4ANS: D> 1,2,3, and 4 the mask should cover the noseand mouth snugly. The hands should be washedbefore and after removing gloves. Gloves andmask should be removed before leaving theclient’s room, to contain the microorganismwithin the client’s unit. Contaminated articles likesuction catheter should be discarded in a trashcan found in the client’s room to preventcontamination of the outside environment.26.) A 14-yar old male is to be admitted to theunit due to high fever related to influenza. Withwhom among the following clients should beplaced together in the room?A.) The 12-year old male client who hadundergone appendectomyB.) The 12-year old female with fluC.) The 12-year old boy with fluD.) The 12- year old boy with leukemiaANS: C> Clients infected with the same type of microorganism may cohabitate . The gender andthe age of the clients should also be considered.Clients of the same gender and approximately of the same age group will stay together well27.) After caring for a client with extensive bodyburns, the nurse performs which of the followingactions when removing protective wear?A.) Remove, mask, gown, gloves, cap and shoecover B.) Remove gloves, mask, gown, cap and shoecover C.) Remove gown, mask, gloves, cap and shoecover D.) Remove cap and shoe cover, mask, gloves,gownANS: B> To remove protective wear, peel off glovesfirst, then the mask, gown cap and shoe cover.This is to prevent contamination of skin by thecontaminated gloves28.) When discarding used needle and syringes,which of the following is appropriate nursingaction?A.) Remove needle from the syringe and discardthem in separate containersB.) Recap needle, then discard the needle stillattached to the syringe into a container C.) Discard the uncapped needle and syringeinto a container D.) Break the needle, then discard syringe into acontainer ANS: C
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