MORPHEME Definition morpheme is the smallest semantically meaningful unit in a language.

Examples:

"Unbreakable" is comprised of three morphemes: un- (a bound morpheme signifying "not"), -break- (the root, a free morpheme), and -able (a bound morpheme signifying "doable"). Unthinkable is comparised of three morphemes: un- (a bound morpheme signifying "not"), -break- (the root, a free morpheme), and -able (a bound morpheme signifying "doable").

WORD Definition A word is a unit which is a constituent at the phrase level and above. It is sometimes identifiable according to such criteria as

being the minimal possible unit in a reply having features such as o a regular stress pattern, and o phonological changes conditioned by or blocked at word boundaries being the largest unit resistant to insertion of new constituents within its boundaries, or being the smallest constituent that can be moved within a sentence without making the sentence ungrammatical.

Examples: LEXEME Definition

break (verb) pretty (adjective) quickly (adverb)

A lexeme is an abstract unit of morphological analysis in linguistics, that roughly corresponds to a set of forms taken by a single word.
Example: Run drink runs (present) ran (past simple) run (past participle) drinks (present) drank (past simple) drunk (past participle)

STEM Definition In linguistics, a stem is a part of a word. The term is used with slightly different meanings. In one usage, a stem is a form to which affixes can be attached. When a root morpheme is combined with an affix, it forms a stem. Example :

- opener = open- (root) -er (stem) - systematic = system- (root) -atic (stem)

ROOT Definition The root word is the primary lexical unit of a word, and of a word family (root is then called base word), which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents. Example: - prediction = predict-(root) - humanity = human-(root)

BASE Definition Base is a form to which affixes are added; whatever affixes. This means that a root or stem can be called a base, but the set of bases is not equipped with the combination of the set of roots and the set of stems; form that can be analyzed derivationally to which derivational affixes can be added is called a base. Example:

INFLECTION
Definition In grammar, inflection or inflexion is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, grammatical mood, grammatical voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case.

Example:

Write, wrote, written (suffixing in the participle). Child, children (suffixing in the plural).

DERIVATION Definition In linguistics, derivation is the process of forming a new word on the basis of an existing word. Derivation stands in contrast to the process of inflection, which uses another kind of affix in order to form grammatical variants of the same word. Example:

adjective-to-adjective: -ish (red reddish) adjective-to-adverb: -ly (personal personally)

AFFIX Definition An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word. Affixes may be derivational, like English -ness and pre-, or inflectional, like English plural -s and past tense -ed. They are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be separable affixes. Affixation is, thus, the linguistic process speakers use to form different words by adding morphemes (affixes) at the beginning (prefixation), the middle (infixation) or the end (suffixation) of words. Example:

Prefix = un-do (prefix-stem) Suffix= look-ing (stem-suffix)

PREFIX Definition A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Particularly in the study of Semitic languages, a prefix is also called a preformative, because it alters the form of the words to which it is affixed. Example: unhappy : un is a negative or antonymic prefix. preview : pre is a prefix, with the sense of before.

SUFFIXE Definition In linguistics, a suffix (also sometimes called a postfix or ending) is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Example: -ing = sleeping -er = singer -ist = typist -ly = manly

CONFIX Definition A confix is an affix which consists of at least a prefix and a suffix that are placed before and after a root word. The word "confix" is itself made up of the suffix -fix (meaning "attach", in this case), and the prefix con- (meaning "with"). Example: One prefix and one suffix on a non-reduplicative word: kebaikan (ke+baik+an) "goodness"