U N IV E R S IT Y
C O LLEG E
L O N D O N
U n iv e r s ity o f L o n d o n
E X A M IN A T IO N
FO R
IN T E R N A L S T U D E N T S
F o r T h e F o llo w in g Q u a lific a tio n s :-
B .E n g .
M .E n g .
C h e m ic a l E n g E 8 4 9 : M a s s T ra n s fe r O p e ra tio n s
C O U R S E
C O D E
:
C E N G E 8 4 9
U N IT
V A L U E
:
0 .5 0
D A T E
:
2 8 -A P R -0 4
T IM E
:
1 0 .0 0
T IM E
ALLO W ED
:
3
H o u rs
0 4 -C 0 1 8 7 -3 -7 0
\u00a9
2 0 0 4
U n iv e r s ity C o lle g e L o n d o n
T U R N
O V E R
, (
A nsw er F O U R
questions, T W O from
P a rtA
a n d T W O fr o m
P a rt B .
O n ly
th e
f i r s t
TW O
an sw ers
fr o m
e a c h
p art w illb e
m arked.
A LL
q u e s tio n s c a rry a to ta l o f2 5
M ARKS
e a c h , d is tr ib u te d a s s h o w n [ ]
A d d itio n a l s ta tio n e r y p r o v id e d : g r a p h p a p e r
P A R T
A
.
B enzene is to be stripped from w ash oil using superheated steam
a s th e s trip p in g
a g e n t.
T h e m o le fra c tio n o f b e n z e n e is to b e re d u c e d fro m
a n e n te rin g v a lu e o f 0 .1 5
to 0 .0 0 1 .
O n a s o lu te fre e b a s is th e flo w ra te o f w a s h o il p e r u n it c ro s s -s e c tio n a l
area will be 200 km ol m "2h"~. The superheated steam
is to be supplied at a flow rate
that is at least 1.4 tim es the m inim um
re q u ire d . T h e g a s flo w
rate, how ever, m ust be
s u ffic ie n tly la rg e to k e e p th e g a s o u tle t c o n c e n tra tio n o f b e n z e n e in th e o u tle t
s tr e a m
b e lo w
a m o le fra c tio n o f 0 .2 5 .
The steam
e n te rin g th e c o lu m n w ill b e
b e n z e n e fre e a n d w ill c o n ta c t th e w a s h o il c o u n te r-c u rre n tly in a p a c k e d c o lu m n .
T he colum n to be used has a cross-sectional area o f 1.2 m 2.
T h e e q u ilib riu m re la tio n s h ip fo r b e n z e n e u n d e r th e c o lu m n c o n d itio n s is:
Y " = 3 .1 6 X
w here
Y * is th e e q u ilib riu m m o le ra tio o f b e n z e n e in th e g a s - p h a s e a n d X i s
th e
m o le ra tio o f b e n z e n e in th e liq u id p h a se .
T he overall volum etric gas-phase m ass transfer coefficient based on gas-phase
m o le ra tio o f b e n z e n e d riv in g fo rc e is e x p e c te d to b e 0 .0 5 k m o l m "3 s-1.
i )
Find the required steam
flo w rate (in k m o l
m
" 2
h '1 ) .
[1 6 ]
i i )
F ind the num ber o f overall gas-phase m ass transfer units.
[6 ]
i i i )
F in d th e h e ig h t o f p a c k in g re q u ire d .
[3 ]
.
i )
T e s ts a re b e in g m a d e o n th e a b s o rp tio n o f c a rb o n d io x id e fro m
a carbon
d io x id e - a ir m ix tu re in a s o lu tio n c o n ta in in g 1 0 0 k g m "3 o f c a u s tic s o d a ,
using a 250 mm
d ia m e te r to w e r p a c k e d to a h e ig h t o f 3 m
w ith 19 m m
R a s c h ig rin g s.
T he results obtained at atm ospheric pressure w ere:
G a s ra te = 0 .3 4 k g m "2 s"1 a n d L iq u id ra te = 3 .9 4 k g m "2 s"~. T h e c a r b o n
d io x id e in th e in le t g a s w a s 3 1 5 p p m
a n d th e c a rb o n d io x id e in th e e x it g a s
w as 31 ppm , in term s o f m ass.
C O N T IN U E D
C E N G E 8 4 9
2
2 . c o n tin u e d
D a ta :
M W ~
2 9 k m o l k g "1
M W N ao8
40 km ol kgq
M W w ater
18 km ol kg1
W h a t i s t h e v a l u e o f t h e o v e r a l l g a s t r a n s f e r c o e f f i c i e n t K c , a ?
[1 0 ]
i i )
A
m ix tu re o f 4 0 m o l%
e th a n o l (A ) a n d 6 0 m o l%
w ater (B ) is to be
fractio n ally d istilled at atm o sp h eric pressure.
C a lc u la te th e v a p o u r liq u id e q u ilib riu m d a ta ( x - y ) fo r th e e th a n o l- w a te r
s y s t e m
a t 1 a tm
f o rX A = 0 .4 .
T h e fo llo w in g d a ta is p ro v id e d :
A
B
C
E th a n o l
8 .1 1 2 2
1 5 9 2 .8 6
2 2 6 .1 8 4
W a te r
8 .0 7 1 3 1
1 7 3 0 .6 3
2 3 3 .4 2 6
1 atm
=
760 m m
H g
A n to in e 's E q u a tio n :
B
lO gl0 p o = A
-
T+ C
[/9 0 ] = [ m m
H g ];
[7 ] = [C e n tig ra d e ]
V a n L a a r E q u a tio n s :
I nY A
=
A A B
A B A X B
I nY 8
= ABA
A ---a s-xA
"
A A B X A
+ ABAXB
\A 4 s x A + A sA X s
w h ere fo r th is system , A ~
=
1 .6 7 9 8 a n d A B ~ = 0 .9 2 2 7 .
[1 0 ]
i i i )
A
m ix tu re o f p ro p a n e , i-b u ta n e , n -b u ta n e , i-p e n ta n e a n d n -p e n ta n e is to b e
s e p a ra te d in a tra in o f d is tilla tio n c o lu m n s , e a c h to a p u rity o f 9 8 m o l% .
T he
fe e d c o m p o s itio n s a n d th e a p p ro x im a te re la tiv e v o la tilitie s fo r a ll a d ja c e n t
p a irs a re g iv e n in th e fo llo w in g ta b le s .
S u g g e s t a g o o d s e q u e n c in g o f o rd in a ry d is tilla tio n c o lu m n s f o r th is
s e p a ra tio n in te rm s o f h e u ris tic s a n d e x p la in y o u r a n sw e r.
C O N T IN U E D
C E N G E 849
3
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