Professional Documents
Culture Documents
THE
LIGHT BRITANNIA
OF
THE
in
Wales.
BY
OWEN MORGAN,
(MORIEN).
BB.D.
W. BOUTON,
West 28th
Street,
1893.
THE
WOKD.
DEDICATIO:^.
XClnT'E
jl^v
dedicate
the
following pages
to
the sacred
memory
and young Druids and Druidesses, were massacred in on the Mona side of the Menai Straits, by the Roman legions under the command of General Paulinus Suetonius, The
A.D. Gl,
Roman
who
after-
wards became Governor of that part of the Britannic Dominion which the Romans succeeded in conquering, and, subsequently,
brilliant
Roman
by
The
it
description
of the
said
^
O
>)
and
is,
therefore,
we
!
believe,
of an
The slaughter
of the British
was,.
and
priestesses, all of
whom
were non-combatants,
-S
and slew scores of thousands of the Romans, and, commanded by Queen Victoria i. (Buddug Boadicea), marched, with fire in
their
eyes,
towards Mona.
At
Xew
British and
to Tacitus,
Roman
who
According
^
"~^
London, the Britons were eventually defeated in the battle. That (^ueen Victoria i. perished seems certain, for her grave is still shown near the said New Market, in the midst of many a heaj) of
bones of warriors
slain.
The following
;:
is
the Druids on
-^
"X-
shore " He " (General Paulinus " resolved to subdue the Isle of jNIona " (Anglesey), " a Suetonius)
the Menai
common
refuge for
all
discontented Britons.
DEDICATION.
difficult
and deceitful shore, he ordered a number of flat-bottomed In these he wafted over the infantry, while the cavalry, partly by fording over the shallows, and partly by switriping their horses, advanced to gain a footing in the
boats to be constructed.
island."
and made both appear as one. The Romans must have Menai Straits by sea, doubtless from Blackpool, l.ancashire, a distance of 60 miles as the crow flies, or from the coast of Devonshire, and sailing by St. David's Head, Pembrokeshire, reached the coast of Caernarfon, a distance of about 170 miles. The Romans appear to have crossed the Menai at PontDin-Orwych, the ordinary ferry from time immemorial, and thus is described what the Romans beheld on the shore of Anglesey
invasion,
:
"
On
the
opposite
shore,"
states
the
Roman
son-in-law
of
for
prepared
Women
their
hands flaming
ranged
in
order,
in stupid
amazement,
to the spot, a
mark
for the
enemy.
men by mutual
They felt the disgrace of yielding to a troop of luovien and a band of fanatic 'priests; they advanced their standards and rushed on to the attack with impetuous fury.
'
"
in
had kindled."
The
by the Druidesses, and the other flames perpetrated by the troop of women" and "fanatic priests," was
DEDICATION.
done at night. As if providentially left to mark the spot, a short time ago a Eoman coin bearing the figures of Romulus and Remus, sons of Mars, or the devil, being suckled by a slie-wolf, was discovered in a garden on the said side of the Menai, near a vast
cemetery of bones, where the massacre
place.
is
Doubtless
all
non-combatants
sexes, as
and
all
together
Mona, and
THE
/ V /l\
I
ECHO
syintops
CHAPTER
Karliest
is.
I.
mankind supjwsed dual nature of tlio ('roator -acorn and cup and sacred oak groves -Shecliiuah and Ark of tiie (Covenant Divine Word and Sacrod Name identical Cell and Ced, titles of the Creator and His Consort two winged bulls and Shechinali of the Ark of the Covenant two cows- as consorts of the Sacred Ark sent back by tlu^ IMiilistines advances of Dagon townrds the Ark of Israel King David i)erforming a Phallic rite before the Ark indignation of Queen Alichal in (nnse(|uence David threatens to br still "more vile" masculine and
religious aspiralioiis of
feminine Triads
Orient
ial
corruptions of Druidism.
pj). i
1^.
they
CHAPTER
II.
who
Sun's annual
journey compared to the duration of human life Sun's Old Age and Annual Death Birth of his successor Karth compared to a garden, and tlie Sun as its gardener Sun's stations on tJie tlie Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricornus, and on the Equator in Spring tl)e original masculine Triad of the Druids corresponding feminine Triads of the liartli the seven in each three of the two Triads Septentrio of the Latins Seven gods of the Pliojnicians three I'vil masculine and tliree evil feminine emanations pei'sonilications seven devils in Mary Magdalen what they signified Word of God upholding the
Earth and what the expression signifies position of man in the spiritual system of the universe Circles of Transmigration Mount of the Congregation 14 '2i. Druids' su])posed directions of IIt>aven ami Hades. i)p.
CHAPTER
III.
The Druidic Ced, named Cetus by tln" balins, and Der Ketos by the (ireeks, Druidic speculations i-especting aiul symbolised by a whale or dol])hin the Sun, and Earth's Anima, and their origin Druids symbolising (Vd by a crescent boat the Moon mistaken for (Jed l)y Mythologists the Archdruid and his circular "Church," symbolising the incarnation of the Sun and Nature's Anima Druidic 'Church called Mor'wyn identity of Mary with ilor'wyn, Venus Geneterix and Myrrah Ced and Venus Cell and Apollo Jupiter and Nevydd-Xav-Neivion the Cave an<l Pytlumess at Delphi
"
age at the winter solstice called Saturn why the navel was sacred to the Earth round Earth the lielly of Ced the Druids supposed the Earth to l)e flat based, but rising conically in the middle -surrounded by water one hundred stones forming a circle-- Abri, signilication of the name Ad llama, Persian name of the Sun and Adam south door
Aj)ollo identical -.Sun in his old
of ancient churches a
(!hristian Cross
Ceil
-o 33.
ii.
SYNOPSIS.
CHAPTER
Mound
IV.
graves of the Druids what they signified coffin called Ark in AVelsh Avhy Druidic Ecclesiastical Year why the church is called the "Bride of the Lamb" Arthur, the Sun as Arddir or Gardener Arth, Welsh for Bear
speculation as to
why
came
to be
named
" Bear.''
.39.
pp. .34-
month of the Sa.-re.l Noah Aaron entering tlic Holy of Holies, signifying the same thing as Noah entering the Ark the name Noah and the Welsh Naw, or Nine, identical Ark of the Covenant called Aron, identical with Arawn and Aaron Bovine Enclosure of the Druid. the Sacred Cow its four udders the four "rivers " of Eden Bull Apis, of Egypt two he-goats of the Day of Atonement Sacred Cow of India Light of Revelation went from the West and not from the East Indian records to
Tlie year 4619, B.C. Tebah, year of the Jews Tebah, the
V.
the tenth
of
Ark
that effect seas around Britain regarded anciently as sacred Britain referred Sun the Taurine symbols to as the Holy Island the Beaver sacred to
tlie
King Solomon's temple Britain's Bulls of Many Hills; the signification of the name Three Bulls and Three Cows of Druidism the substitution of human Triads their names Egyptian Neith and Nedd (Neath) identical, the symbol of the Triune Word of Druidism \1/ Mount Meru, Mynydd-yMarrw and Mount Moriah, identical symbols Divine soul of the Sun illustration Adam identical with the Druidic Tegid, Taliesin and ArthurEve, or Iva, identical with Mary, Miriam, Venus Geneterix, and Myrrah the Hebrew and Phcenician Patriarchs identical with the Sun in Nine of the
of
Constellations
Cromleach, what
it signifies.
pp. 40
.')!i.
CHAPTER VL
Three Sacred Apples of the Druids the Apple sacred to tlie Sun popular Apple Rites still observed by Celtic Nations their signification Cider Sacramental drink among the Druids Cakes and Ale and the Eucharist (lif Juice of. the Apple, Avith other ingredients added, named Lamb's Wool wiiy
.-t
Cauldron of
Pomornm identity
Avagddu Britain named "The Island of Apples," or Imula of "Holy Greal " with"Cread,"or, round earth above the " Avalon," a fraiul rational horizon, symbolised by a Sacred Round Disli founded on truth the whole of Britain the real Island of ApplesBritain a
symbol of the whole
tinearth, and each Druidic Circle a symbol of Britain Boiling of the Cauldron of Ceridwen signifying the fermentation of the earth in spring the roa.sted apple, and the Old Sun's Death at the winter solstice
Homer's description of the round shield of AchillesRound Towers of Ireland and the Maypole the "Crowned Babe" of the Druids God's melodious vociferation echoed back by CM, and the "voice" becoming incarnate in tlir Sun's luminous body Melody of Jlemnon and its signification Arthurs Court Ireland and the Hades of tlie Druids Annual Death of the Old Sun on
the Tropic of Capricornus, at noon, every Dec. 20th in his ark, Ced, 40 houi'Renewed, as a "Crowiu^d Babe," on the morning of each Dec. 22nd- (lram;itically represented as in a stone kist in a tumulus the tumulus a symbol ot
tlie
tli.'
Sun
in springtime.
PI.
sv.\i)rh;is.
iii.
CHAPTER
VII.
Wonderful agreement I'etwot'n the dramatic representations of tlie Deatli of the Old Sun and the Birth of the New Sun, and tlie circumstances of the Deatli and Resurrection of the Lord Jesus. ])p. 8201.
CHAPTER
The Divinity
in the
VIII.
the Druids, by a
Wren
"Cutty
that
White Dove carrying a AVren in an ark the ceremony of carrying a AVn'n crucified on a pole, in the Isle of ^lan carrying the body of a Wren in a domiof hoops crossing eacli other at riglit angles the Hunt of the Wren interesting verses, called tlie Song of tlie Wren tln' Wrru symbol and the Deluge. Pl>. '.)2 KW.
CHAPTER
IX.
The story
Mount Libanus the Boar's Head at Cliristmas-time associated with the solar legend death of Tammuz, under the name of Adonis, at the winter solstice the rites of the winter solstice dragged to the verual equinox by the Pheenicians and Jews funeral of Adonis rechiess of the river Adonis and the Red Sea being names associated with the allegorical " bleeding " of the Old Sun into them the Old Sun symbolised as Pan half man and half he-goat the Welsh name of the Severn is Ilavryn, signifying gelded he-goat, referring to the condition of the Old Sun at the winter solstice tlie Sun, at that season, regarded as describing tlie course of the Severn. ])p. 104 IIH.
CHAPTER
The Seven
X.
t
Sun passing annually liroiigli the Seven planetary spheres the Nine in the pedigree of Seth ending Avith Noah (Seth being Aries and Noah being Archer Goat) Nine Signs of the Zodiac and Noah's three " sons " completing the Circle of Twelve Abel has no
in the pedigree of Caiu referring to the
p]i.
120-
1.3*;.
CHAPTER
XI.
hn-e of the Cantre'r
The story of Taliesin and its meaning marvellous Cardigan Bay, and Arkle, livljind.
PP-
CHAPTER
XII.
Solar legends and existing customs in the Isle of .Man and the Island of l.<'\vis solar legends of Bala Lake and Dwvr Diiw Ceridweii and (iwyion the
Little.
pp. 147
1A4.
CHAPTER
The legend of Ceridwen and
XIII.
Gwy
CHAPTER
Tlie legend of the
XIV.
King Arthur and his twelve Knights what Tertullian states strange agreement between the symbols of the J.'wisb temple and the great Druidic temple of Abri, or Avebury, Wilts- the ".Man"' in the Jewish system Britain and Palestine closely associated through
Round Table
of
iv.
vN()r-si.s.
CHAPTER
Artlir
XV.
and Osiris the sword Excaliliur idciitilied Artliur'.s wounds thn barge ami the weeping women Isis ii. Aveeping for Osiris Land of the Blessed and tliH Kverlasting Apples weeping after tlie Ohl Sun. pp. 18^ 203.
CHAPTER
Tlie Mysteries of the
XVI.
rites ex])lained.
if]>.
207
2-21.
CHAPTER
XVII.
The symbolical Death and Birth of tlie High Priest of Israel Edinburgh ' .Vrthurs Seat," the Golgotha of Scotland Arawn, Aaron, Ouranos and Uranus ilorewyn, Mary, Miriam and Myrrali. ])p. 22o 23H.
CHAPTER
f'oL-k
XVIII.
ami lien symbols of the Gentiles and Jews how the Temple came to be the Stone of the Foundation the Archdruid deification l)uilt at Jerusalem of the Devil the Bee a symbol of the Seminal Logos Table ot Trinities of the Old AVorld the Council of Xice, a.d. 325, on the Christian Trinity the Hebrews worshipping the Typhonic attribute as an attribute of their Jehovah Typhonic or Devil Worship the Third person of the three visitors to Abraham, among tlie oaks of Mamre (Memra [Logos?]), called "Jehovah" by Abraham. pp. 239255.
-^
CHAPTER
Divine Incarnations
XIX.
and Winter
CHAPTER XX.
Moses, Joshua and Jesus the Flight of the Jews from Egypt "The Great Pan is Dead!" Neptune confounded with Saturn, or Old Pan the "Virgin
of
Hercules carried
of
Israel" the Garden of the Sun Three Hu's (Hea's) the Three Apples away from Britain the Blessed Isles of the West Testimony Hecatreus, B.C. GOO the Hyperboreans. pp. 269200.
CHAPTER
vod in the Isles of the Blest.
XXI.
291-298.
CHAPTER
lieyond the
live "
XXII.
of Sanctified
Souls" Xo man
shall see
me and
symbols of the Old Sun, the Young Sun and the Sun's Mother Roman and Jewish rites similar the Hu Gadarn and Taliesin symbols of the Young
Sun the
ment
of Israel
the Civil Year and the Day of Atonesacrifice of the Paschal the " Scape-Goat " sent to Azazel, or, the Devil the Sun's
Lamb
Divinity descending to
S].irits in Prison."
CHAPTER
Was
'
XXlll.
Glamorgan
Tragedy
pp. 325336.
The Most Secret End" of the Tabernacle, and what of .Mount Calvary Humility of Christ.
signifietl the
SYNOPSIS.
V.
CHAPTER
TIk' I'hice of a
XXIV.
<if
Skull the
Transfii,niiMti(m
Jt'sus
on
tlu-
CHAPTER XXV.
Tlif (iarden
and the Stone Sepulcliiv Kastei'n error Temple of Avehiiiy, \Vilt< Silbury Hill the Great Serpent of Avebnry. pj). 348-3.^1.
CHAPTER
The Temple
of
XXVI.
and the Circus ilaxinius, or Great Three-headed Dog, Cerberus, pursuing (Circle, Rome Immortality of Adonis tlie Divine Word newly escaped from the ruined Old Sun, vide Psalm x.xii., 2U Pan, his Pipes, and the Musical Reeds the Creator Celi and His Name or Word the Throne of God and the Lamb. ])p. 360 377.
lAbri), Dritain,
Avebury
CHAPTER
The (iarden of the Sun
XXVII.
or Adlais is AVelsh for Reverberation, and is the Atlas of the Greeks the Almighty melodiously pronouncing Ilis ineffable Name or AVord the Seven Profound Mysteries and the Seven Daugliters of Atlas. ])p. ,378 30{).
CHAPTER
The Golden Dragon and the Red Dragon
the
XXVIII.
name
" Clergy
''
Boar symbols.
Sjnritual
CHAPTER
Eli,
(.1. P. Srthucthcnii)
tlie
pp. 401
417.
APPENDIX.
Sacred Trees and Plants of the Druids Emblems of the Druids the Name Duw Celi," Antiquity of the Peithynen (reference to Rev. Canon D. Silvan Kvans' Dictionanj of the Welsh L(ni(fua</e) -Sacred Sign of the British Druids Dawen, Cowbridge. PP- 4184^8.
TO THE READER.
TlN"
it
is
^
the
given to the worship, by the ancients, of the generating functions of the Sun and Nature. In that worship the worshippers
name
as
most
In course of
pious
many
original
meanings attached
the
said
symbols, which
at night.
The
earnest-
and Greater Mysteries, and to carefully ascertain, before admitting anyone to a knowledge of them, that he was qualified, morally and
intellectually,
to
be
entrusted
with
that
knowledge.
There
cannot be
much doubt
For what may be called modern nations, as distinguished from the older nations which combated the Roman Empire in all its majesty, the Phallic Worship's
the
first
time in
the
history
of
incorrupted source
is
Writing of the Phallica, whose original emblems were the acorn and cup of the Oak, the lie v. J. Lempriere, D.D., states "It never conveyed, among the ancients, any impure ot lascivious reflection."
:
He
It
when
their disguise
and
PREFACE.
prayed and strove with
all
my
might
to be
found a Christian.
Not
because the doctrines of Plato are entirely different from those of Christ, but because they are not in all respects like them ; no
more,
the
We
and
P^or each,
Seed of the Woi\l which was planted in them, n-ere able to see the the seed and imitation of a thing vAichis given,
is
which
ing to
is one thing, and the thing communication and imitation are given accordHis grace, is another." Justin Martyr's Apology to the
p. G8,
s.
13.
Seminal J^ogos of the Gentile world was an "imitation" of the incarnation of the Word in the Lord Jesus Christ, and Divine grace
is
Word engrafting or
fertilising
The doctrine
pages.
will
0!/>i<jri/aii.
THE
LICxHT
OF BRITANNIA,
CHAPTER
HE
philosophers of
T.
their
solemn
in-
Time and
to
Eternity,
each other,
perceived two principal agents at work, engaged in percreated in the visible world
around them.
attributes,
Those two agents are the male and female which the said philosophers regarded as having
masculine
who
is invisible
comprehensible to the
human
finite intelligence.
The
said
of oak,
earliest
epochs of recorded
mankind assembled in oak groves for the purpose of tendering humble worship to the Almighty. By the acorn
the worshippers symbolized the masculine attribute, and by
the cup the feminine attribute, of the Creator's dual forces
as manifested in the operations of the
attributes
Sun and Nature. Both themselves were invisible, and most mysterious
and sacred, and all the worshippers could do was to employ, to indicate the two principles, the instruments used by them to carry on their Divine operations. In the earliest ages of
the world, so far as
we
to
say,
the
expression of the
Anima
of
Nature's Mother.
To
the name
Celi (Concealing),
and
to
2
Cecl (Aid).
Very
mode
of
thinking,
revolting
is
nature,
called
named
Phallic
among
mode
of
attributes
active
being
regarded
as
emanations of
Omnipotence as
fore the Creator
the
bi-sexual
both
" Jove
hence
as--
himself.
the Phallic and Linga and Yoni worship are referred to by the
by the words
"The Lord
'
said also to
me
Hast thou seen that which back-sliding Israel hath done ? 'She' (Israel as a nation) 'is gone up on every high mountain, and under every green tree, and there hath played the harlot."^ There is a deeper meaning than is generally
understood in the following observation of the Prophet
Ezekiel,
"My
Holy
Name
shall the
House
of Israel
no
more
defile,
whoredom
nor by the carcases of their kings in their high places." They have even defiled my Holy Name (\l/) by their al;omi-
Now, let them put whoredom and carcases (emblems of the Phallica) of their kings far away from me, and I will dwell in the In the Old Testament, the midst of them forever." " Name " and " Word " of God are synonymous expression in meaning, and the name Jehovah signifies both to the
natious they have committed.
away
their
Jeremiah
iii.,
(i.
Ezekiel XLiii.,
7, Sec.
3
of the
Jehovah
is
the
Name Symbol
Logos
or
Word,
which was represented by the May Pole, Obelisk, &c., the creating Word of God (Logos) was set forth by means of the Phallus, known also as Linga, and in Welsh by the name Said (Stem), and, What was intended to be conveyed originally, by the acorn. symbolically by each of the said masculine emblems was the fertilising force of the sun, transmitted by means of its rays, collectively considered, imparting to the seed germs in Venus
the
life
considered as her
of germination or con-
or Priapic
emblem
instead
of the whole
Word (M/)
is
what
the "
"
High
the said
emblems
worship of God's attributes through the Son or Sun and Ced, through Nature, in their respective triune (\l/) manifestations in the course of the whole year.
The Shechinah and the Ark of the Covenant, in the Holy of Holies, symbohsed the same masculine and
feminine principles transmitted from the Creator and Ced,
as did the
God, whether in oak groves or in stone circles on the The triune Shem, or Word, summit of mountains. Jehovah, visited the patriarch Abraham in the Oak Grove of Mamre (Memra, Chaldean for Word of God), and he
of
men
" in
The Shechinah
side,
by a winged
A 1
4
bull,
THE
LIGFIT OF BRITANNIA.
named
Cherub.
The
Shechinah
visited
and
the
two
the
of
Abraham under
Name
Jehovah, or the
Word
God.
But,
w^liile
the motherhood of
would sym-
in correct
In other words,
emblems symbolised the sun's triplet emanations in in spring (the middle emblem the sun on March 2lst) summer (June 21st) and in winter (December 20th) and
;
which three emanations the Druid poets personified by the names Alawn (Father Hermes), Plennydd (Sun longest day),
mind
it
must be borne was not the material earth that was meant by the
It
below and animating the material creation, which principle was supposed to exhale through the earth's substance, and
compared to Sea Foam (the exhalation being called Venus,) until it came into contact with the active principle of the
Creator, as father, passing to the seeds of the earth, through
the agency of the material sun, with propagating results
the
Manna
in the
Golden
pot,
is
That King David understood what the Ark symbolised The evident enough by the following circumstances
:
penman describes the ceremony observed when the Hebrew nation conveyed the Ark of the Covenant from the house of Obed-Edom into the city of Jerusalem, and he describes the behaviour of King David on the said occasion,
exhibiting
his
membrum
virlUs
(translated
''uncovered
"the nakedness of his flesh"). "And David danced before the Lord with all his might, and David was girded with a linen ephod. And as the Ark of the Lord came into the city of David, Michal, Saul's daughter, looked through a window and saw King David leaping and dancing before the Lord, and she despised him in her heart." Later on, David returned to
bless his household,
what she regarded as his reprehensible conduct, earlier in the day, in the open streets of Jerusalem in the procession. With indignant scorn she said to him " How
glorious was the
King
one
of Israel to-day,
who uncovered
his servants
himself
his
officers
handmaids of
"
''as
wore the ephod, or sacred tunic, as a priest, and we are not to understand he threw it otf. No doubt the royal palace had been, since the scene was
uncovereth himself."
witnessed by the "handmaids,"
the
spectacle
of
He
quiet
hilarity, as the blushing maidens whispered laughingly to each other what their royal master had been seen doing
City
wife.
open street of the Holy conduct peculiarly galling to a refined and cultured But David had performed what he had done as a
Ark
in the
solemn religious ceremony, and was, in his turn now, much offended by the ecorn and withering sarcasm of his offended queen. David answers her reproachfully wdtli the words
" It was before the Lord !" in the foreground, apparently, with his face towards the Ark, his back being towards the
East point of the heavens, the opening leading to the Ark " being in the direction of the East, and that was " before
the
Lord,
the
Sun's
viriHty,
and
David,
wearing
the
David
was the Lord's representative on that occasion the Druidic Dovydd, which signifies Tamer of the Elements, which, until the sun rises in spring in the
epliod,
is
east, are
" It
was before the Lord," said he, and adding most ungenerously " The Lord who chose me before thy father (Saul) and
before all his house,
*
therefore
vile''
I will
I will yet most galling word Michal had more 'vile' than thus, and I will be base in mine own sight and of the handmaids of my servants, whom thou hast The last spoken of, of them I shall he had in honour.'' observation was deliberately intended to hurt the feelings of the royal lady his wife. The narrative goes on to state Queen Michal had no issue to the day of her death. Why ? Because she had despised David's membrum virVis in its But representative capacity, on the occasion in question.
Josephus
(p.
five
children
whom King
David had
This fact
is
mentioned
to prove she
was
David had
much
after
him.
when her
father,
King
Saul,
sought to
She had dropped him from a window, and had afterwards Inman states must have been handy) in his bed, and had reported that David was there ill. King David s leaping and dancing " had
placed an idol (Teraphim, which Dr.
'*
membrum
mrilis
was
vile
Michal, and one's sympathies are entirely with her. She thought her husband was publicly behaving lewdlyin the open streets, in the presence of the assembled nation, in the principal city of Palestine
;
is,
David thought he
ii.,
represented the
"Husband"
Hosea
lG)or Phallus,
by leaping and dancing and exposing the "nakedness of his flesh " a Phallic rite, a knowledge of which, as it appears, he had acquired in
to the far
Philistia,
and supposed
it
pertained also
He was
not
in the Bible
by the curse
which
late
on poor Michal
King
David on the occasion astounded the royal daughter of the King Saul, which indicates that Phallic rites were then
to the nation of the
new
Hebrews,
Queen.
not a mere box but the vulva of Venus, wifo of the sun,
be
In the foregoing we have referred to the three personified mascuHne Triad, being the three principal emanations of Celi
from Ced, through the earth, as emanations from the great mother Ced (Cetus, otherwise Der Ketos), Consort of
Celi.
The
sun, from
to
March
2lst,
is,
in
Druidism, regarded as an infant, and is named Hu Gadarn (Hesus the Mighty) and, daring the same period,
infant
earth, his sister, is
the
named, as already
stated,
8
Calen.
both the sun and the earth acquire each a change compared
to the
(\l/),
named
Ced (Aid), who is identical with the Latin Cetus and the Greek Ketos, or Whale or Dolphin, the "Aid" and the mother of both the sun and Calen on December 22nd, as
will
At the vernal
June 2lst, the earth is the autumnal equinox, September 23rd, the earth is Tynghedwen (Holy Fortune) \ referring to the ripened crops. Tj-nghedwen has
of the Sea
;
Maid
referring to
the condition of the earth during the rest of the solar year,
so that the third of the female triad
Tynghedwen- Dyrraith,
and fariousness
The dual
the
offspring of
Tynghedweu
hence,
is often called a greyhound bitch Cromlech is called Llechy Vil- A st (Stone of the Greyhound Bitch). That name refers to the natural instinct implanted by the great Goddess Mother Ced in all mothers, whether human or animal, to defend their
offspring
at the risk of
their
owm
lives,
an instinct the
Name
of
Jehovah,
is
the literal
meaning
Tynghedwen.
coverings of the
Holy
we think they
did.
We
must
:
And
it
from Ebenezer
Ashdod.
it
When
Dagon." and the idol Dagon was a young in the act of emerging from the mouth of the fish. "And when they of Ashdod arose early on the morrow, behold Dagon was I'allen on his face to the earth before the Ark of the Lord. And they took Dagon and set him in his place again. And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold Dagon was fallen upon his face to the
the
of
into the temple of
Ark
is
Dag man
God Hebrew
they brought
for fish,
ground, before the Ark of the Lord, and the head of Dagon
and both the palms of his hands were cut off on the stamp of Dagon was left of him." In Dagon's upper part the margin is given " the fishy part"
threshold, only the
coming out of the fish (out of Cetus or Der Ketos) was It appears the writer of the a symbol of the infant sun.
above narrative sought
to
God
and
come out
for a
purpose
had received the coup de grace, and tumbled out of the "fishy part," which is said to be left "empty" (Rik in Hebrew^). appears from the above that the It Ark symbolised Venus, while the outer covering, which was of the skin of the whale (Ketos), symbolised Ced, the mother of Venus and the rest, Flora, and TynghedweuDyrraith.
The
shown by what
"The
is
further
10
are informed, "was heavy upon them of Ashclod, and He destroyed and smote them with " Emerods." Now, Cahnet,
in reference to the
translated "
word Ophelim."
(Vol.
I., p.
On
we
18),
find that
name Phallus
for
We,
" Emerods," but to the disease of the membi^um virilis. In the original Hebrew the word " Ophelim " occurs in Deut.
xxxviii., 27,
effects
"And thou
noon day," and the consequent shown by the words: " And thou shalt betroth a wife, and another shall lie with her," clearly implying the " Ophelim" would make him incapable
result of the
malady
is
to perform
condition of his
memhrmn
virilis.
The poor
their
Jews
Ark,
which,
and
especially
the
insulting
making what they had committed through ignorance, on behalf of Dagon and themselves, by forwarding with the Ark a " trespassThat meant an offering to the Lord for a sin offering."
Like
honest
people,
they decided
the
upon
amends
they
could
for
mistake
which
committed through ignorance.^ " amends for the harm he hath done
shall
And
it
he
shall
make
and
priest,
add
i\iQ
unto the
Lev.
v.,
16 ly.
11
and the priest shall make an atonement for him ^Yith the Eam and the trespass-oflfering and it shall be forgiven him."
;
The
to
Philistines,
have known the demands of the law of Moses in such offences as they had committed, for we are told distinctly
that the
five
number
golden
" Ophelims,"
and
five
golden mice.
the
membrum
virilis
were on
and
five
as implied by the
now on
behalf of the
The Ark of the Covenant was placed by the Philistines in a cart, drawn by iivo milch ccws, which had, at the time, young calves. A cow is called Tebah in Syriac and in the Egyptian language, from which the name of the City of " Thebes"
is
so called,
and
it
The
earth's
power of
The Druidic
of Egypt, or
is
Cow
Ced,
Venus's
mother,
floating
the
sea
or
of
Anuwn
(chaos)
pole,
naked, ship,
or tub.
When
Zidonians
was
1
adopted to
12
THE LIGHT
Ol'
BEITAKNIA.
should be
We
know
that
whom Homer
describes
The two Cows, accompanying " took the straight way to the House of the Sun, the Ark, 'bellowing the want they that is Beth-Shemesh, lowing
Mighty Theban."
^
felt
'
as
after
right
hand
went
them
to
the two
Cows
white
ones, no doubt
now
Hu
Gadarn or
or Phallus symbol
and stood there, where there was a great stone (Obelisk The name of the great stone was ?).
in
"Abel," which,
Hu Cylch y
pedigree
is
But "Abel,"
in the
Shemitic
"And
coffer
down
the
Ark
of the Lord,
and the
it,
adorning a
"
May
Pole.
Shemesh
who
were Jews
And
when in
of fifty thousand
We
of
and seventy, were killed by the Lord agree with Dr. Chalmers, it was no wonder the people
It Beth-Shemesh were anxious to get rid of the Ark " killed," or caused suffering, everywhere except among its
!
The Odyssty.
Book
iv.
13
it is
the following
the Philistines,
knew
the
Ark was
God
of the
Jews, whose virility the Shechiuah symbolised, and by sending the two white cows with the Ark, they sent two female
consorts for the two winged Bulls, one on each side of the
Shechinah, on the
lid of
the
Mercy
Seat.
They themselves
Cow
Isis
II.,
of Egypt,
humanised
left
Ram.
The
on the spot
Ark.
symbols.
They stuck
14
Jil.oliWEX
(Flora)
MORWYX
(Venus)
TYNGHKinVEX
(Ceres)
CHAPTER
HE
is
II.
British Druids
human
hfe.
He
" born
"
at the
Hu Gadarn
is
OD December 22nd.
At
Holy Maiden of the Sea Foam, or Venus, otherwise Aphrodite. The result of their union is the seed germs of the earth's ovary receiving from
described poetically as the
him
begin to germinate.
The
under the fostering care of the influence of the Father, by the agency of the sun, and of Crd, through the agency of
The
personified sun
15
title of Hii Gadarn (Hesiis the Mighty), and assumes the new title of Tegid, on his marriage day, March 21 st. Tegid signifies All Beautiful, and the title is so
summer
called
solstice
is
is
now
in
is
Blodwen (Holy
Between
summer
solstice
compared
to hair,
disc to a head.
His wife
now (September)
She
is
is
hedwen-Dyrraith, and
already described.
The sun now enters upon the period of old age and decrepitude. He is now called by divers names or titles, namely, Dyvnwawl Moelmud (Sombre Light, Bald and Dumb) Arawn (slow, or to wait) Said-Wrn (Saturn). This name signifies Said (Linga or Phallus), and Gwrn (Urn) a matrix symbol. Gwrn, or Urn, was the vessel in
;
;
which, in ancient times, the ashes of the Druidic dead were deposited, and the name Said-Wrn (Saturn) implies that
the virile power of the personified sun
has disappeared,
virilis is
now
its
dead, or unable to
former force
is itself
now
title
Another
of
Arthur, or Arddir
is
the
husbandman
the
Garden.
What
amount
when
the
known
in all its
Hu
Gadarn, Arthur,
Sun
IG
of limiting each
to the particular
season to which
it
legitimately helongs.
are
Hu Gadarn,
comprehended
IV.
to the earth
Thus,
Queens
of
Arthur
(the
are
described
is
Morgwen
to be the
the second
said
;
the
third,
Queen of North Wales (the earth in summer) the Queen of Desert Places (the earth in
Again, the three
fair ladies of
winter).
said to be,
Lady Enid
Arthur's Court are spelt " Dywir ") The " Court" is
;
Round
Gorsedd
Great Throne.
(Soul)
identical with the
Lady Enid
the Sea
is
Holy Maiden
states
:
of
Foam
(Venus).
She
old
is
An
Welsh adage
Owynt).
Three other adages are translated as follow Mist ill Hummer is the source of heat, ^lij^t in Autumn is the f:0urcc of rain, Mkl in Winter is the source of snow.
The name
is
a com-
words
Gwen
mutated
Holy
Vcr (Essence). The whole compound signifies Water Essence, meaning the sap of the earth
streaming up in vegetation and trees under the influence of the heat left in the atmosphere at night, after the dis-
appearance of the day sun, and called the nocturnal sun (Bacchus). The first shows Enid is the daughter of warm
17
correctly, is the
is
also
named
Niwl (mist) is the joint influence of the Eternal Father Celi, and the Eternal Mother Ced. The passive exhalation arises from Ced through the earth the masculine or active principle passes from Celi through the sun, which
;
municates
it
to the
and develop.
Dywyn
(to
make
fair),
surface in
summer, and corresponds with both Flora and Juno. Tegau Eurvron signifies the earth's surface at harvest-time Tegau signifies to beautify. Eurvron signifies (Ceres). Golden Breasted, and implies the golden ripened fruits of
the earth.
Her symbols
Her beautiful mantle signifies charming dyes of the earth's produce her golden
; ;
her knife,
It must be borne in mind the journey of the sun up the ecliptic, from December 22nd to June 21st from the Tropic of Capri to the Tropic of Cancer was divided into Seven stations, with
journey upwards^
Latin.
is
called Septentrio
is
seven
named
in three
in
viz.,
The sun in seven stages Phoenicians. The sun in three at the vernal equinox, summer
solstice, is personified in
principal stations,
solstice,
is
each, and
reference
to
the
three stages,
by the Druids,
Alawn,
:
Plennydd,
Hermes
Jupiter
is
is
and Pluto
18
(Harmony), Causitor, and Hero (Arthur, St. George, &c.). Lady Enid, or Venus (Earth, on March 2 1st), was represented by the Pythian priestess of the Delphic oracle, as
we
The
who
Most High
the
Cell
The
earth's
anima
is
corresponding
feminine
emanations,
called
Seven
named and
The masculine triad is symbolised by the sign /l\ (on the forehead it was worn thus V, as the Jews do still the letter Shin on the Phylactery), the female by \l/. The
figures.
:
masculine emanations, considered collectively, are referred to as Tau, which is a corruption of the Druidic Tad
whose three emanations are Creator, Decorator, and Heroism. The sign is now represented thus
(Father),
and
a
The loop implies
(Cetus). nations,
is
]t is
Vulva of the supreme Mother, Ced a symbol of Egypt and among other Eastern
the
states St.
and which,
Jerome on Ezekiel
"
ix.
4-6,
in
Hebrew Lexicon
It
by a
of
man robed in white, like the men who sighed and cried
mark
of Cain "
Tau " is the signum was the * mark" placed a Druid, on the foreheads
for all the
abominations
(Nod
in
19
Nod Cain
went).
It is also
shown as a tripod
it
up, that
It
symbol
or
was
reverberation of the
Word,
commanding
utterance, of
This is the God, symbolised by the three props, thus /i\. symbolised by the sign, and referred to in the Epistle idea " Who being the brightness of to the Hebrews as follows
:
His Glor3% and the express image or reflection of His person, and upholding all things by the Word of His power " and by St. John by the words, "And he was clothed with a vesture dipped in blood; and his Name is the Word of God," Eev. xix., 13; and by St. Peter, who states, " For this they are ignorant of, that by the Word of God the
:
heavens were of
of
old,
Word
ii.,
God)
''
Peter,
5.
It is
infallible.
God
according to Druidism.
to the three
evil masculines,
opposed
/l\.
by the sign
\l/, or,
as reverberating
and holding up
The
evil
and named Avagddu, Cythraul, and Atrais, which signify These three, like Darkness, Pulveriser, and Soddener.
the Three Goddesses of good principles, have three consorts,
and Mallt, or Graceless, Grinder, and Soddener. Now, the three Marys in the Gospel
viz
:
Annhras,
Malen,
Word
a devil, and
Mary^
Mary
!
Magdalen
is
in her
20
when, step by
ary spheres.
fertilising influence
on the
seeds of the earth, was not the only good the sun exercised on
was supposed that when he was " renewed " or reborn a babe from Ced on December 22nd, m3Tiads of lives, apart from physical or natural bodily existence, emanated at the same time from Ced, the universal mother. The sun was
earth.
It
their leader
from Gwenydva, a
district of
Annwn, or Hades,
human.
Their
their birthplace,
and those
lives,
day of
line,
new
(March
21st), as the
kingdom
of God's
system of
lives,
thought, by evil influences, until chased away by the marching up of the sun's Divinity.
Man, they
believed, occupies
during
the
present
life
moral world),
lie
is
entrusted
with free
will,
and
is
moral responsibility.
of the
where the old sun disapjoears on December 20th, is, in the moral world, occupied by the "lives" of the animal kingdom in their tribes or divers species, in the moral
system of nature.
They cannot innovate, or change, or improve their condition, but are bound by the rules of an unerring fate or law, which is called instinct, and Greddv
21
by the Druids. But the nearer certam species of animals are to the " hne of hberty " occupied in that system by man, the more evidence of intelHgence they manifest. This
animal space
is called, in
or,
in classic writings,
or of
of the circles
is
down south
in
Annwn
and
its
by mankind, where,
fire.
with capacity
enough
Creator
and control
made nothing
in vain,
They believed
human
lives
honour or dishonour;
and happiness.
But what
They
lives
human
developing, transmiIt
and eventually
animals they considered. The circles of transmigration " Hell " of the Druids were the and a man who had
;
was relegated to that depth which he himself had state of free will, which was
deemed a state of probation. One of the maxims of the Druids was " Nid eir i Annwn ond unwaith " (there is but one visit to Annwn, or Hades). The meaning is, that no man, whatever his conduct had been during life, would be
so devoid of goodness, as to have qualified himself to occupy
22
On
human
stationed in this
life,
is
the
Gwynvyd,
When
northwards of the
Lord
The
earth
is
then
''
a land
The prophet Isaiah (xiv., 13), refers to the north in these words " Thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven I will exalt my Throne above the stars of God I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides
:
of the north;
I will
Most High."
Mount of the Congregation" "the Mount of the Assembly of Gods," and "in the corner of the north " instead of " sides" of the Authorised
he renders
Version.
it
He then
Mount
was
it
situated
"the passage
passage at
Psalm
of
all."
xlviii., 3, has no bearing on this " The prophet," the learned writer states,
"makes
general
the
King
to
the
it
notion
of his
''''
who placed
(Heaven) on the summit of the northern mountains, which were lost in the clouds just as the Hindoos place it on the fabulous mountains of Kailasa, which lie towards the north beyond the Himalayas." Of course, the inference as to
;
what Isaiah meant by the expression "corner of the north" and "the Mount of the Assembly of Gods," is Dr.
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
Delitzsch's
23
beheved
What we assert is, that the Druids the entrance to Gwynva or Gwynvyd, their names for the Abode of the Blessed, was in the
own.
northern heavens,
the
of
at,
apparently, the
solstice,
point attained by
or
in
sun
at
the
summer
the
Tropic
and the reader of the foregoing passages Arthur will have understood their reasons for that belief. seems to have been associated in the minds of the Druids
Cancer;
with the exercise of the sun's greatest force in dispelling darkness and its destructive agents in the physical world
ecliptic.
named the Eound Table of Arthur heavens, and the Druidic name of Ursa Major is
star, is
" Arthur's Plough," which conveys the notion of a farm or garden in the heavens. The stars are referred to by the
Druids, as Arthur's heifers
the
Lyre
is
called Arthur's
Harp.
have appeared to the reader the Druids supposed the godly enter heaven in the northern sky, and that the first entrance into life is from the southern point.
It will
Faber, correcting Pope's translation of a passage in Homer's Odyssey, Hb. xiii., v. 102, renders the passage thus
:
nymphs,
to
refers, is
reward and punishment, and that by " gods," the godUke is meant. The godly enter heaven northward the ungodly are relegated back to the circles of Metempsychosis in the
;
line, or
the
human
existence, on earth.
That was
24
CHAPTER
T
Druids,
nature,
in
III.
enquiries
it
after
the
Divine
light
while
tracing
by
of
the the
of
nature,
passed
beyond
the
as
boundary
already
material
the
world.
They
supposed,
mentioned,
intellectual,
name
Ced
the
(Aid).
In course of time,
it
name Ced
which the
and 10,000 years ago, appeared in the south at the winter solstice, or on December 20th, in exact Druidism. The Latins called a whale, Cetus and the Greeks named it Der Ketos and the world, corrupting Druidism, came to suppose a whale to be the mother of the sun, because the Druids had taught that Ced was
sun, between 8,000
; ;
Cell Almighty.
How
other nations
came to confound Ced with a whale, and Ketos, or dolphin, we know not. It
condition,
with
is
Cetus
evident the
and
also
in
is,
and that
of
the
passive,
that
principle
eternity.
the
both
of
from
Theorislike
the
origin
" the
the
universe,
they,
St.
Paul,
believed,
invisible
things of
clearly
the
things
that
are
made
25
of Nature,
and sought
to
imagined a period before creation began, when darkness and silence pervaded
its light.
He
illimitable space,
Celi,
Employing the
Druidic
Celi
and
Ced
to
the
Philosopher
theorised, that, at
active
some inconceivable
Celi
principle
of
concentrated
energy in
the
Sun
and illuminated the awful gloom. Immediately after, under the sun's influence, the atomic elements began to
evolve into solidity, and to
it,
Druids
gave the
name Calen.
in the
anything, such as a
"Calen"
To this day a formless mass of lump of butter, soap, etc., is called Welsh language.
The moment after the active work of the creation of the universe had commenced by the Celi and Ced, the Celi was named Ion (Leader Lord) his spirit in the sun was called lona (Dove) and Ced (Aid)'s emanation pervading Ced was matter was named Anian (Anima Mundi).
; ;
Celi,
but
Vorwyn
Ddu
(the
also Latona, or
Moon
Lloer in Welsh.
another
name
of Latins,
and
The moon,
six
days
old, is
^^ which
it
was used
was
26
"born"
of her.
This
is
the reason
why
the
moon came
to be called the
Queen
The sun
;
itself
and Ced
was the symbol of the incarnating power of the sun and earth in spring, and the Druidic "Church" was Morwyn or Mary, the incarnated " Sister- Spouse" of the Archdruid, called Gwyddon
Sun on
earth,
the
Archdruid,
or Odin.
exceedingly probable
is
name
for seed,
Satus (Cetus),
due to this
most ancient idea that all seeds came from Ced, the Consort of the Most High God, whom the Greeks called Der Ketos.
In the description of the sanctuary of the Hebrews, which,
owing to
its
religious beliefs,
we
shall
examine
at
have there goat's hair and ram's skin brought into At the winter solstice the sun is curious juxtaposition.
in the sign of the
We
Goat (Capri)
at the vernal
equinox
if
the sun
is in
Ram.
It appears as
the
by the emblem of a goat, and the sun, at the same time, by emblem of a Ram or Aries, which was the symbol of
Jupiter
Hidden Father). The ancients, when sign of the Goat (December 22nd,) would naturally symbolise the earth's Anima by the figure of a she-goat, and the Hebrews by the goat's hair of the membrum vii-ginalis of the Eastern (March 2 1st) entrance into the Holy of Holies, seem to have dragged the goat's
(lu
Amon
its
and used
it
to symbolise the
27
or the
earth's
conceiving
power
in
Ram
(Aries)
first
Ced
Venus
One
is
to
be exercised by exhalations
God's
warm dew
or humidity.
This
The name,
therefore, signifies:
Constructor-by-the-Agency-of-Humidity.
personification,
As a
poetical
is
identical
with
and implies the sun as the transmitting cause, as warmth in dew, on June 21 st.
trinity,
Pythoness
seated
on the tripod
and
Venus Geneterix.
are
names
name Apollo refers to the sun as the Son of the who is referred to by the Druids as the higher
is
Sun
and Jupiter
The
28
age at the winter solstice, described as Saturn, is often confounded with the Almig'Jity, and Saturn, in consequence,
is
Cave
the tripod.
The Priapian
;
conception
work
warm humidity
at night
caused by the
summer, nourishes, in combination with the feminine principle, the growing seeds of the earth, as the navel attached to the mother transmits by her own agency nourishment to the growing babe in her womb. Therefore, the root of each seedling is compared to an umbilicus, or navel, and it and the matrix of the seedling are agents of Venus Geneterix.
sun's heat in
Now,
horizon
is
''church."
Her
womb
is
the navel
and vulva symbols of the goddess Venus Geneterix, or the conceiving and nourishing powers of the earth personified.
In the Welsh language the navel
is
called Bogel.
It
is
compounded
concealed
of Bo(d), existence,
to Gel),
concealed
mother.
existence
earth,
womb
of the
The
centre of a wheel
likewise called
it is
compound
or
Sun),
of N;iv (God constructor) and El (Haul, and not derived from the Sanscrit Nahhi as
scholars suppose.
Celi
; ;
29
the
work
of creation. of
the
centre
the
Druidic
nnder which was garden the garden which the Lord himself
figure
circle
Another
went
and the Roman is called the garden of Adonis Cathohc Church, borrowing the figure, and substituting the Virgin Mary for Venus, describes the Virgin Mary as a
the earth,
garden
nant
:
as a Mystical Rose
and confounding her with Ced describes her as the of God (sun of the new year December 25th in Julius Cn?sar's Calendar), and with the crescent moon, six
Mother
days
old, as a
figure of a boat,
Queen of Heaven. Thus the Virgin Mary is confounded with both Ced and with her daughter, Morwyn or Venus Marina, otherwise Venus Geneterix.
describes her as the
The
great
God
the Father
sun
and Son)
is
a vast circle,
with a
back all round the circle. At bank inside is a deep trench for holding water. Running round the outer edge of the vast arena, enclosed by the deep and broad trench, were one hundred great stones placed endways in the earth, and fixed at
regular intervals from each
other.
fosse
full
of
and
the
illimitable
space around
it.
The
earth
centre
as
of
the
enclosure
of
was
the
garden
is
Arthur (the
Thebes, the
sun), otherwise
Adam
(Ad
Hama
of the
Creator.
Venus
to
of
Venus
it
it
was said
be
will
be remembered in
30
Isis,
is
being Isis
with
4619
Most
We
closed garden
B.C.,
in spring
commenced
rising in
the sign of the Bull of the Zodiac, and the sun, therefore,
No doubt the came to be regarded as a bull himself. "hundred gates" of the City of Thebes were really one
hundred stons
otherwise, the
like those at
"city,''
The
voice
of
is
another
title to
Venus.
We
which was astride the Cave at Delphi, delivered oracular utterances while under the influence of the exhalation rising from the cave.
This implied the exhalation came from
Ced, the mother of Venus,
symbolised, and that
it
whom
her
own
person,
and
the
active
and passive
his ear
listened with
God"
in
Venus and
/'
31
was Apollo, as regent, and not his father, the Most High, that was pretended to whisper in the body of the young Pythoness on the tripod at Delphi, Still, he was the Word of the Creator himself, and while the Pythoness was Venus incarnate, the priest who heard the Word was the Word incarnate, and interpreted to mortals the Divine utterances of Apollo heard in Venus incarnate.
In a similar
to receive
Priest
was supposed
was the Word of God, and not the Almighty Himself. Whether the Almighty did thus in
Delphi that
Cave in the Temple of Apollo at was on the middle of the whole earth. The same thing was said of the Ark of the Covenant in the All the ancient churches of Temple at Jerusalem.
It is
said
of the
it
Christendom are
the Creed
spring,
built
east
all
the wor-
when
repeating
the
Venus (Gwen-y-M6r,
and
the
other-
wise
Mor'wyn).
The
Priest
through the
visible
came
of
to the
Delphic
Ark
of
the
32
To each
a door facing
December 20th, the great mother Ced (Cetus, otherwise Der Ketos) was supposed to be
her
own body
have shattered the old sun's body in the heavens at And the old sun received noon on December 20th.
to
each year a new body in his mother, and he reappeared explained elsewhere. after forty hours, rejuvenated, as
Inside,
baptismal font,
the
personified
beyond the southern porch of the church is the which is the matrix symbol of Ced,
invisible
church.
the
There the
Spirit,
spiritual
regeneration,
by water and
Ced, in
takes
place
in
sun
sea,
regenerated from
the
spirit
of
or the
Creator,
Ced
in
the water.
is
Out-
and
directly
a cross on
On
ments.
a loop. Both cross and loop are most ancient Egyptian monuTliat loop is the symbol of the open
on
f\ \J
enemy
in
heavens,
"renewed."
opposite to
it,
The
and are
a ship
to be understood as
is
The middle
part
of a church
is
Ketos (Ced or Cetus) in Greek ^ Nave is from Navis, a ship or Ark, and implies also navel. The central mast is the navel, and it communicates with the
called
'
VoU
ii.,
p. 128.
33
Ged (Ketos). Ced (earth) as a belly was represented roaming in the sea, and so does a ship with her
emblem
of
It is evident the
Druids sometimes
;
represented Ced lying with her head westward the round earth, above the rational horizon
personified
as
her
belly,
her navel
causes
Venus Geneterix {she that produces or Her feet were represented, open hke a mother).
summer
solstice
apex of the fork and winter solstice respectively would be on the equinoctial Hne, opposite the virile sun in
the
34
CHAPTER
N
Bed seems
compound.
(which also
the Welsh, a grave
is
IV.
Beddrod, which
to
first
In Welsh,
it
coffin is still
and no doubt
is
was
originally given
(Ark) in
used in
arch im'
to
down in the centre of The primitive meaning of the word Arch it is also Welsh, is command, order, or bidding the sense of request or supplication; " Archav New y Dewin doethaf," (I'll supplicate a request
;
It will
name Arch
came
is
command
of
of the Creator.
The word,
round
too,
to
the
dying.
The
tumulus
the
Beddrod form
is
of a Druidic grave.
Each
circular
tumulus
the
rational horizon,
female protuberance
the cavity
in
in the
womb of Ced.
It
seems
matrix of the personified mother of Nature was regarded in two ways. Those
who buried
the
the dead with their feet towards the south most ancient mode of burial, as the contents of
regarded
all
;
Ced
who buried
the dead
35
with the feet towards the east, regarded the interior of the
circular grave as the matrix of
Venus Geneterix, or Morewyn, sometimes named Gwen-y-Mor (the Holy One of the Sea, signifying the exhalation of the earth), and that the resurin
rection would be
perfectly
idea.
the
springtime.
We
beheve
it
is
evident
that
the
Druids
And
those
who observed
in the
who
Nave, &c., of churches, followed the example of those when burying with feet
directed south.
One
:
of the old
Glyndwr
to a son of
" Ar drydedd,
I
Ced,
Ced
in
modern Welsh
signifies
gift
and
tribute
is
called
It
Teyrn-Ged, signifying a
gift to
the king.
among
life
the
would
Those
who buried
believed sun.
life
Annwn
Others,
who
life
believed that
a tumulus
of
life>
.
is
would return from Gwynva (Heaven, In Welsh called Tomen Tom i^soil) and En (principle
;
We
find the
same idea
in the
the dead.
Gwrn
is
signifies the
a reunion with
the
body
after
death
implied by
c2
36
Tomen,
to
mound,
called
also Barrow, in
which
We
gaifF
Tomen
A gasglo
domen, a
un car cywir
(He who
will
Tomen Elwyddan nis gwlych gwlaw Mae yma Odyn o danaw Dyn wuai Gynon ei gwynaw."
is
The Tumulus
For there
night on
The Druid's ecclesiastical year commences at midMarch 20-21. That is the time of the vernal
at
we are dealing in the sign of the Ram (Aries) it is now in the Fishes, hence the Ram-Sun, as the Father's
earth
(Venus),
was,
and
operating
called
on
the
himself, often
Father
by some nations, whereas he was but the transmitter of the impregnating essence. Hence the sun in spring was
mistakenly called lu Pater
(Jupiter)
that
of
is
lu Father.
his
He
the
is
represented
in
ram on
the
sign
head,
reference
his
being
then in
of
At the same time of the year he is called Father Hermes, or Father of Harmon}^ by some nations, in reference to the equal day and night and the
of the Zodiac.
Ram
comity existing at that period of the y ear between the rival forces of creation and destruction in other words, between
;
summer and
and the
37
as the
was regarded
drawn battle between Arthur (Sun) and Avagddu (Pluto). Nennius and Geoffrey have substituted Arthur, being the Druidic for Avagddu the "Saxons." title of the sun, is represented as fighting the " Saxons " in
twelve battles, instead of saying that he annually fights the
Power
of
When
Ram
sign,
March
21,
was
Ram.
to
set forth
His Church, and they are described as the Ram, or "Lamb," and the "Bride," "the Bride of the Lamb."
In ancient days, as
rose
in
we have
the sign
already said,
of the
spring
in
To be
been
a
Ram
is
should
have
called
"Sheep"
spelt
and
the
Church
actually
Ewe, but
" yew,"
the
Aphrodite (Venus), they alluded to ram-horned Jupiter as the Consort of the " Bride," or Venus, represented as a
lovely
woman.
In the following
we
earth.
On March
21
the
and the earth in the sign of the Virgin on June 21 the sun was in the sign of Cancer and the earth in the sign of the Goat on September 23 the suii was in the sign of the Virgin and
;
Ram
38
Ram
sun was in the sign of the Groat and the earth in the sign
At the season of September the earth casts forth her ripened fruits, and what is not gathered returns to her ovary, by which the Druids meant the soil, or the earth's loam. That season was sacred to the Virgin or
of Cancer.
earth.
It
and
No doubt
they had
a Zodiac of their
own and that the names of their Zodiacal signs exist now among the various names or titles of God in the Welsh language, for those names are names of the Deity's various emanations which come to the earth through the sun. The vernal equinox the Druids named Eilir (second generation); the summer solstice Hevin-Havhin-(sunny temperature) autumnal equinox (Elved) Hel Med(i) (gathering fruit
,
or harvest)
?).
Arthan
is
puzzling.
(place).
seems
to
and man
We know Arthur,
But Arth
is
dener or husbandman.
characteristic of
Welsh
for Bear.
The
from
Arthur (sun)
to
November 20th
December 20th (Druidic Mythology), is Valour in Fighting the Power of Darkness. He is the sun as Archer, armed with a bow and arrow, engaging the enemy.
It
seems as if the Druids had given the name to the sun before
enemy, the Druids afterwards gave his name to the bear, which no doubt was often seen in Britain in remote times. Volney states the name
that
it
and Deluge or Anarchy. But the Orientals, at some very remote period, in personifying the characteristics of the sun at the winter solstice, gave him
signifies
Typhon
Lear,
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
the devil character, and called
is
39
or devil,
him Typhon,
which
In
emanation at
winter
solstice,
ciiscredited
as
and bear.
It is a striiiiug
40
CHAPTEK V
N
the year 4,619 B.C., according to
M. Dupuis's
in
March 21st
the
when he entered the first point of the sign March 2ist. We will now return
circumstances of the
the Phihstines.
of the Covenant
Hebrew Ark
among
In Chapter
II.,
we have shewn
Morwyn, Flora, and Tynghedwen Dyrraith. We Ark of Israel was sent back, accompanied by iivo coivs. The Goddess Ashtaroth, or Easter, was, at this very time, represented by a sacred cow by the Philistines, and by most, if not by all, ancient nations. It is well known the Cherubim, one on each side of the Sliechinah, or the Divine Light, were two winged bulls. The Ark matched the Shechinah, and the two cows matched the two winged bulls, one on each end of the Mercy Seat. In the Hebrew calendar, the tenth month of the sacred year is named Tebeth, which, no doubt, is the same as the name Tebah, or Cow. The said tenth month corresponds with our December (Old Style). It will be seen, when we come to consider Noah's Ark, which is also called Tebah, or Cow, that this fact is of enormous importance. The Ark of the Covenant is called Arun, or Arawn, one of
are told the
on December 20th.
of
41
It is
important
for
equinox marked the ending and the beginning of the civil year of the Jews, and the vernal equinox the ending
and beginning of
dragged the solar
solar year to the
their sacred
rites of the
year,
some
Aaron
thing as
entering
into
the
Holy
ark,
of
Holies
and
the
presence of the
Ark
the
Noah going
Tebah.
or
INoah
No
Nine, sometimes and as Naw, or the sun in the ninth sign of the
signifies
Druidic
Naw,
tenth
in
is
sign
of the
Zodiac
(the
sign
of the
goat),
but
Hebrew
mind the dislocation of emblems by the Hebrews to which we have already alluded. On the other hand, if we count from the birth of the sun, which the Druids give on December 22nd, we find that September 22nd is exactly nine months from the former date. Aaron entered the Holy of Holies and to the presence of the Ark on the ninth month of the solar year (September), and Noah entered the Ark on the ninth month of the sacred or The only difi'erence is Zodiacal year (end of November). that Aaron bears the name of Arawn (Aron), old sun, and Noah is named by the number of the Zodiacal sign in which
Holies, and bear in
March 21st. In the Egyptian language, Athor is another name for cow, and it became synonymous with prayer, in the same sense as a "church" has become to be designated
42
*'
house
To
further
prove
tliat
the
Jews
to
dragged the
we beg
point out that the scapegoat and the other goat, which
sun symbol of the he-goat (Capri) of the Zodiac, and the the two implying the sun earth symbol as a she-goat
and earth
We
we now return
Now,
signifies
We
find in Druidic
Mythology reference
white cow
bull
(Buwch Laethwen).
In the
first
The white
4619
B.C. to
2505
B.C.
place, the
secondly, the
of that circular
to describe
emblem
One
of the figures
employed
the
was the Garden of the Lord, that which He Himself had planted, as is said of the Garden of Eden. The white or sacred cow in the centre of the emblematical circular garden or "church" of the Druids, was the symbol of the earth's fertile essence, derived from Ced through the
it,
Instead of the cow, Venus (Morwyn was afterwards substituted to symbolise the said fertile essence of Ced operating on the material earth in the spring. The Almighty Celi transmitted his masculine
emanations through the sun his Consort, Ced transmitted her emanations through the earth's substance, and both
;
made
the surface
When
43
in the
name
of Paradise
or
Eden
its
This
is
St.
George
the
Adonidis Hortus
spring under
It
many
was
in
Jerusalem, the
Cist,
Sun
The Early Church held that the or Kist, grave. "Skull" referred to was the Skull of Adam. By Adam was meant the old sun and represented as a skull (roundj dying on December 20th in every year.
The Egyptians
assert that the sacred bull Apis, symbol-
"church," had no earthly like the Shechinah, and the father, but that a ray of light Eye of Light of Druidism came down from heaven upon the sacred cow, his mother, and that that was followed by
ising the sun in the Egyptian
Apis.^
This
is
poetical language,
As we
Druids personified
March 21st, June 21st, and December 20th, and they symbolised the three stages by the strokes \l/, usually shown in the form /l\, and it was called the Name
of God, or, in
Ancient Faiths,
vol.
iii.,
p. 201.
44
Payne Knight
statues
of the bull
"In most of the Greek and Eoman that we have seen, whether in the
many
are
upon the
middle
for the
hole was inserted the three symbols would appear thus M/.
The middle stroke would be the Linga, implying the sun's The two side strokes are referred virile power in spring. by the chief Bard, Taliesin, in his Cad Goddeu, as "The to Eoyal Knees," ^ the Said or Linga being between them.
In the
Hindoo Puranas,
called
there
are
mentioned three
One
of
them
is is
the
White
Island.
In
Britain
poetry,
Island.
words of the Welsh language, the Welsh word for holy was Gwyn (white, masculine) and Grwen (white, feminine).
Therefore,
White Island
signifies really
Holy
Island,
and
the
article
on " The
is
Hindoo Puranas, describing the introduction of The gods (priests), we are knowledge into the world. told, churned the sea by using the Isle of Man as a churn staff. In the Sanscrit, Mandara is the name given to the '* churn staff," and is supposed to signify the Isle of Man. That island is certainly named Mouoeda, by Ptolemy, and Manaud, according to Col. Vallancey, by the Irish Senachies. In Welsh, the Isle of Man is called Monwy (Cow of the Water), to distinguish it from M6n (Cow), the Welsh
the
*
Symbolical Lnnr/uarfe,
]>.
9, sec. 32.
liites (Old
Myths of the
45
name for Anglesea. To this day, according to a popular Welsh proverb, " Mon (Cow) is the mother of the Welsh
people" (Cymry).
" After churning the sea," the allegory goes on to
state,
"for
appeared.
" The
cow,
Camadhenu,
or
Surabhi,
appeared
after
Brahman-da-Purana, the cow was The name " gods in Druidism had a two-fold meaning: (1) The Divine emanations; (2) Those priests of Druidism selected to represent those emanations in the Druidic church hence Greek writers
According to
the
'"
state the
Camad-henu
The
is said,
by a sea of milk. That " milk" had flowed from the four udders of
or
the
sacred
cow,
church, of the
Druids.
That, we
knowledge and
from the
The Brahmins acknowledge that the light of revelation came to them from the West, and that the Vedas (gods) reside in the White Island (Britain) in human shape.'Their shades are
still
Wales
As. Res.,
xi.,
pp. 133
and
135.
Ibid, p. 69.
46
**
the chalk with which the Hindoos mark their foreheads " (thus \l/) " must come from the White Island. Accordingly, Vishnoo " (Alawn or Hermes) " and several
Even
other holy men," one being a priest representing Alawn or Hermes, &c., " brought numerous lumps of it at different
times " (to India). ^
noo), ten in number,
came
originally
"There
are,"
they state,
;
"many
and
forms of Bhagavan,
Muni but the form which resides White Island" (the Archdruid) "is the primitive in the " The White Island is the holy land of the one." Not only is it called the White Island, Hindoos."
but actually also Locure in the Puranas, and "Lloegr" is the universal name of England in the Welsh language
to this day,
and signifies Lloer, or arkite moon. Faber, work on the Mysteries of the Cabiri, makes the in " A cow seems to have been following observations perhaps the most usual emblem of the Ark," adopted as " and a serpent as that of correctly, shrine of the Ark) sun, while Noah himself was sometimes w-orshipped the under the form of a bull, and sometimes, in consequence
his
:
is
hieroglyphically described as
owed
its
name
wards
is
to
the circumstance of
Cadmus
of
being led by an
animal of that species to the place where the city was afterbuilt.
Theba
in
Hebrew
Ark.
name, as came to be adopted by the Hebrews period after the cow was being used by the Egyptians
That
fact proves conclusively that the
'
As.
If)id, p.
92,
6.
^ :
47
tions
Heliopolis
Lucan informs us that the priests of assured him that Astarte and Europa one the
for
were the same person; accordingly, as Euroj^a was represented to have been carried away by a bull, so Astarte
(Ashtaroth, Easter, &c.,) was represented with cow's horns.
Both the
to the
Isle of
Man
and the
Isle of
Anglesea were
To
"By
made
"the
the
Cimbri
swore
to
observe
articles of capitulation
to
called
This god ranked with Jupiter, Esus, and Vulcan, being Tarvos Trigaranus (y Tarw Trigorn the Three-
Horned
Bull),
it
appears, to
It
is
this
Jeroboam
in
He made
Dan and
two golden bulls, and placed one the two extremities of the
kingdom, with the Shechinah and Ark in the temple at Jerusalem between the two, in the territory of Judah and Benjamin, and not, as is generally understood, in the town
of
Dan,
at the foot of
Mount Libanus
1 =>
Cabiri, by Faber, pp. 177, 178, Mys. of The Cahiri, Vol. i., p.
I.
&
21.
181.
kings,
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
territory of
48
we
believe, in the
Dan on
the south-west of
city.
Vide Calmet's Bib. Die, plate cxcviii. The great object ff the Jewish hierarchy was to centralise at the temple the
national worship of the Jews.
were winged
bulls.
Kings
vi.,
25.
Did King Jeroboam attempt to decentralise make the whole of the kingdom
its
centre in
the temple
And
his
extremity sanctuary
?
of
The attempt evidently resulted in a violent rupture between Jeroboam and the hierarchy, or priesthood,
whose overbearing influence he appears
to curtail.
It
to
have attempted
heads
golden
calf.
is
said to
Banawg Hu Gadarn
" signify, literally.
Oxen
of
Many
Hills.
is
What drawing
relating
to
the
Avanc or
Beaver to land
of
we simply add here the sun disappearing every evening into the western seas was comthe
sun,
but
also
is
amphibious.
His
home
and he also enters into his Druids supposed the sun did every night when he descended into the Western Ocean. "Ychain" signify Oxen, and "Banawg" a Multiplicity of
in the waters, as the
49
Banau,
of, or
plural,
many,
as
rushes).
is
(hedgehog), many thorns; ^vw^mawg (full of " Awg," which is often confounded with " Og,"
primitive nouns.
an
affix to
"
Og"
is
an
affix
denoting
(a
speed, as
fox).
(a hare),
Llwyno^
high
Trebanz^^
Hills or
hill,
Mountains.
as
Ban
is
often, in
Wales, a name
Banau (plural) Brycheiniog (the Breconshire Beacons). Then the four stations of the sun, in Druidic lanf^uacfe, are referred to as follows The vernal equinox is called k\han Eilir the summer solstice, k\ban
Brycheiniog and
:
Ban
Hevin
K\han Elved
certain
the winter
of
solstice,
k\ban Arthan.
Then
stations
the
moon
are
of the
moon.
signifies
;
Oxen
Many
Hills.
Hu
Gadarn
it
is
and when
the said oxen are referred to as the oxen of the infant Son
named Hu Gadarn,
implied,
is
clear that
Any
;
the Bards
not "
understand
bulls.
oxen came
to
Thus
bulls
employed as symbols by the Druids, in their cattle pen or circle. In reference to the sacred oxen, styled as D
50
being
of,
we
the
many
belonged.
We
rites
of
Bacchus
"Hence
But Faber did not realise that the was the symbol of Isis the First (Ced), and that the shrine on the deck of the Ark was the symbol of her daughter, Isis the Second, who is called also Venus, Gweny-M6r, otherwise Morwyn, in Druid language. That shrine, under the figure of a Cow (Theba), was the consort of the Bull, otherwise the Taurine Sun. Another name for Venus among the Druids was Brydwen (Britannia), and the Island of Britain, surrounded by the sea, was regarded as her shrine, carried on the surface of the ocean by Ced, the Consort of Celi, symbolised as an Ark.
the Deity of the Ark."
Ark
itself
match the three cows in system, as they did three apples to symthree bulls to
They
Welsh Triads
There
to
are,
demon
the
scientifically
forth
three
demon
latter bulls
The first-named
cow spotted
Dyrraith
the
p. 22.
third
Tynghedwen-
jr.
Arch
dot., vol.
pp.
4, 13, 76.
"
Ihid, vol.
ii.,
51
demi-gods and demi-goddesses.^ Demi-gods: Plennydd. Alawn, and Gwron. Demi-goddesses: Mor'wyn (Virgin), Blod wen (Flora), Tynghedwen-Dyrraitli (Barren). Tynghedwen (Fortune) is in two words Tyn (a pull) and
:
Ced
(great
goddess mother)
pull
mother.
east of
in
These,
we
repeat,
Queen
to
of the
Wales
(sun,
spring),
the second
said
be the
Queen of North Wales (sun then rising north-east at the summer solstice), and the third sister-spouse of Arthur is said to be the Queen of desert places (the sun, her
husband,
fertilise
being then
at
the
winter
solstice,
unable
to
the
is
earth
Arthur as
husbandman,
therefore
she
now
said to be barren).
The
the year, corresponding with the three poetical personifications of the sun at his three stages.
1
The
fore-going
makes
in
The Egyptian goddess Neith is the Druidic Nedd {dd as th in the). Nedd Welsh signifies tliat whicli works into foam also, a whirl or turn the character being given to the Great Mother because it was supposed she had intervolved creation into visible existence. Nyddu is the Welsh for the verb to spin, to turn Naddu (e sound to m,) is the Welsh for to work or to cut into form. The Egyptian Neith is represented as wearing a collar of Nine beads. The Nine beads probably imply that she creates natural lives and vegetation from Capricornus (Dec. 22nd,) to Virgo (Sept. 23rd), the produce of the earth by the agency of Venus or Nature, otherwise Virgo, the
;
;
situation of the earth, in Druidisra, when the sun is in Ai-ies (Marcli 21st). " Neith is the Mother of Nature " and of the sun, as Isis I. (Ced). " She is
half fish and half woman." Here mythologists day are in error when the human and fisli combinations are shown it is the young sun emerging from the mouth of the fish at his new birth (Dec. 22nd,) is meant. She is Naus (Ark) the Great Mother of all gods" and goddesses. Thus we find Nedd or Neith is identical with Isis i., the mother of Isis ii., who in her turn is the sister-spouse of Horus who develops into Osiris. She is also Athene (Divine Wisdom), after whom Athens is named. A town in South Wales is called after her ("Neith") namely Neath in AVelsh, Nedd. Another town in the same district is called MOn (Cow),
the Nerfe of the Etruscans
of the present
;
P %
52
it
Many
in
number.
Beaver
It
may
be asked
the
if
the
Ct'd
symbolised
did,
(Cetus whale)
namely, the
otherwise Latona, or Spirit of Chaos, whence he (the sun) had originally come, and if the three oxen of Many Hills
its
stages, as
it
appears
December 20th, or the beginning of the vernal equinox, the summer solstice, and the winter solstice, illustrated thus \l/, how came it that it is said three oxen, representing one Taurus of the Zodiac,
are
said to
have
?
We
summer, and at the shortest day respectively, and that the triune powers of the Creator on December 22nd where miraculously engaged in assisting Ced in
and, in English, Cowbridge.
is
]VIr.
East, represented as
tlie
for the Old Sun of one year is, in the father of all the minor gods and goddesses of the
year following, hence so many have confounded the Old Sun witli the Almighty The Amen of Egypt, "she is represented with a wheel of eight s])ol<es," engaged in spinning the beautiful fabrics which the eartli produces into leaves, Howers, fruit, &c. Athor, or Hathor (of tlie Egj-ptians), was a spotted Cow, with gilded neck and head" (golden tints of Autumn) "she was Hera, the Cow of Troy, and so allied to Isis " (the Second). " She is the companion to Ilai-machus Turn, the infernal god." The spots indicate the ferocity of tlu^ Dyrraith attribute in conjunction with Tynghedwyu, as described in the trxt. The ferocious attribute is here described as an infernal quality, and yet exercised l)y Nature in defending its ofifspring. She is described as the being in which is enclose<l Horns, or tlie next year's young Sun, that is to say the substance of hispliysical frame, which implies the same tiling as Semele containing tlie essimce out of which the physical frame of BacL-luis was annually created anew, but his divinity, or soul, coming into him direct from the Almighty, allegorically described as the 'thigh" strength of Jupiter Amon.or hi, the Hidden Father.
Vide Bonwick's
53
Hu
Gadaru,
(
New
Year's
Day
Vide
We
Almighty were
following order:
solstice),
Alawn
(vernal
at
point),
Plennydd (summer
solstice,
the
winter
are
or shortest day.
trinity
named in the following order Plennydd, Alawn, and Gwron (Hero). In all the other
generally
Gentile trinities the character of the last-named has been
evil,
viz.
Pluto (Roman)
;
Typhou (Egypt)
Siva (India)
Ahriman
(Persia), &c.
The Druidic
thus
\\/,
trinity,
illustrated
circle, as
horizon
the
Mount Meru
The sun
first
was
regarded as the
begotten
son of the Almighty by the Black Virgin, or Ced, otherwise Latona, &c.
(the
feminine
or
passive principle of
He
(Sun or Son)
became the agent of the Almighty in the work of creation, by becoming the transmitting agent from three principal stations, by means of his solar beams, of the various attributes of the Deity necessary to the work of creating, adorning, and defending the world. But en each December
20th in the afternoon he was said allegorically to die in
the Heavens and to
fall
David's Head,
54
feated by the
In describing the sun as being, in winter, gradually depower of darkness, it was implied the material sun, as containing within it the divine emanations of God
is
called
or abode of
itself,
symbolised, as
horns of Taurus
by three apples, whose juice, or essence, symbolised the divine essence, which was another symbol of the divine emanations in the concrete ; by dove and wings and by
oxen
;
a
in
when
until
125
b.c.
others say,
389
B.C.)
in the
sign of the
Eam's horns.
drawn out
Ram-Lamb, by Jupiter, Amon with When, therefore, the Druids symbolised the
Beaver (sun) in it by the oxen of Hu Gadarn (Hesus the Mighty), what was implied was that the Divine Father himself by his powerful emanations drew him forth, and not his own energy. It is most curious to find that the Druids regarded the detached
of the lake with the
weak
in accordance with
When
that Divinity
is
comes
Ychain Banawg. Faber was highly venerated by the Phoenicians, and his shrine was drawn about from place to place by a yoke of oxen while among the Byblians he was esteemed in a special manner as the greatest of
:
" Agruerus
55
Agruerus was evidently the old sun of the old renewed to be the young sun of the new year.
Judging by the practice of the Phoenicians, who were in constant intercourse with the Druids of Britain, they no
doubt learned of them that the Avanc
symbolised
as
or
being
in
the
boat-shaped
it
countries.
In Britain another
ideas,
signifying the
a
same
it.
were a small
wren
in
DEAD
OSIRIS (SCN)
SOUL.
Funeral Car of Osms, as the Old Sun, deml. Tlu; Dove his Divinity escaping. The Arch The Vault of the Heavens. Isis i. anil Isis ii. lamenting him.
It
now becomes
who was
the sun,
implied by Agruerus
In
Druidism,
;
Adam was
named Tegid, Taliesin, &c., in spring and Eve (Venus Morwyn Mah) was the earth, his wife, and the whole earth,
according to
garden of Eden,
the
Then we begin
and
215.
Mys. Cabin,
vol.
i.,
56
Hebrew
pedigree
with
Seth,
second son of
Adam
Protogouiis
Phcenician Patriarchs.
57
Pluto.
Noah
had three
is
sons,
Ham.
is
Ad Hama
the Persian
name
Like Pluto,
Ham,
the Zodiac
is
called
Gwydd-Naw
(the
Ninth Presence),
Now comes
sun,
The
Zodiac,
Sagittarius (Archer).
on December 22nd (from March 21st), the sun enters the sign of the Goat, which is the Jewish tenth month, Tebeth
or Tebah,
which
first
signifies
both
Cow and
Ark.
December
22nd
is
the
mother Cud
in the ocean.
CEOMLEACH.
Thebes
circle of
is
said to
The enclosed
in each case
area of both places symbolised the circular earth above the rational horizon, and the
"one hundred"
We symbohsed illimitable space beyond that horizon. have a clue in the "hundred gates" as to the signification
of the
cow
Isis,
daughter of
or
Isis
what Venus did She was identical the First (Ced), and
of Ced,
Gwen y M6r
Morwyn, daughter
58
Celi,
was the top slab of the Cromlech, held up, or sustained, by the reverberation of the Word /l\, which existed before the material sun and earth were created, existing from eternity in the dual nature of the Almighty Celi Himself. The name "Cromlech" is a compound
of three
words
Cromen,
Lie,
and Ach.
find
The
ancient
Druids, as we
very frequently
exemplified in
the
compound words of the Welsh language, clipped words formed into a compound word. Thus the above Cromen (Dome) is abbreviated into Crom. in " Cromlech," or correctly, Cromleach Lie, mutated to IjC, in the
;
compound,
signifies Place;
or Pedigree.
Ach
is
called
Achvan, which
signifies the
Place
holding Lineage.
Dome
crombil
bird.
is
the
name
it is
given
the
first
signifies
Mouth
of a
Vessel.
signifies
Cromen, and that it implies belly. what we have stated, that the Cromleach, standing on a
as the middle protuberance of Mother Ced, the Consort of the Almighty, it
will
Animated
name Llech, or Lleach, came to be applied to any flat stone. Some employ the figure of Atlas (Welsh, Adlais
the
on his shoulders;
Tortoise,
others an Elephant,
it
and
others
sustaining
on
its
back.
Each
But
in
Druidism
Adlais
(Atlas)
reverberation
59
Almighty,
pro-
the
Commanding
and
filling
all
Voice
of
the
majestic
Word
of
its
three
e
space with
its force,
and
ho
(Adlais Atlas) coming back against the earth beneath and acting as a fulcrum, sustaining its stupendous weight
above the
seven
awful
abyss
As
said
elsewhere, the
Atlas's
daughters
(Atlantides)
are
seven
mytho-
as
December 20th, and new year's first sun rejuvenated on December 22nd.
a babe, on every
of
word "Capri" (line 6) read "Pan," and instead "young he-goat, Bacchus."
60
CHAPTER
NE
of the
VI.
solar
myths of
the
summer, was anciently one of the Druidic titles of the sun An apple is called Haval (Aval is clearly as a fertiliser.
an erroneous mode of spelling the name).
Haval, apple,
is
compounded of Hav (sun), and mal (like), and signifies: Like the Sun as regards its shape. In the sun's annual journey the sun, in three stages, was sjanbolised also by three apples in the Druidic circular " church." Those
three golden apples are those which
it
is
stated Hercules
Western Europe.
to those seen
now
(1)
is
sol-
stice,
the public
room
of the house.
An
then thrown
into the water in the tub, and a competition takes place between the members of the household as to which of them
The apple
(Great
Annwn
Deep)
the action of
and snatching it with the teeth, Ccd, Ketos, or Cetus, Latona or Ark, in
01
will recollect
him from
destruction.
The reader
(2)
On
New
as a
thus
are three
all
is
Each
child
accompanied by a small group of other children, and as soon as the little party reach the entrance of a house they sing a
joyful song, concluding
new
year.
The
apple
sun's safe
called in
the Evil
Nursing Place.
the apple
The
symbolise
The
three
pegs beneath
the
Word
year.
the sun,
and as
solar
attributes
transmitted to
earth
the
during each
The
sun as an apple in the cauldron of Avagddu, or Pluto (the sea of the great deep or Annwn) at the winter solstice
:
"In
name Wassailing,
the
the
fol-
lowing
are
observed
At
approach of
the
with their friends and servants, meet together, and, about six o'clock, walk out to a field where wheat is growing.
and
(the
Zodiac).
The
attendants,
headed by the
62
which
circulates freely
on the occa-
sion."
in converting the
circle is
Holy Communion
formed around the large lire, when a general "A shout and hallooing take place, which you hear answered from all the adjacent villages and fields. Sometimes fifty
or sixty of these fires (groups of)
may
be seen at once.
large cake
is
middle.
bailiff"
After
the
company
:
all
attend the
or
headman
The master,
at the
fills
essence of barley, and standing opposite the finest ox (Bull meant), pledges him in a curious toast. * * That being
finished, the large cake is produced, and, with
much
cere-
ox,
The ox
and the sun rising in that sign in spring, 200 years before the Deluge, according to Archbishop
Usher's calculation as to the time that disaster occurred.
loaf is the
The round
times the
bull's
horn
is
Somehorn
same idea
is
symbohsed by the
bull's
Gentlemans
Magazine
for
February,
it
1784,
was cus-
tomary
for
many families, on
1
Eve
p. 30.
of Christmas,
63
to their
and neighbours
houses,
('
and
to
cakes of the
Queen
of Heaven')
were an indispensable
a
ingredient.
the
apple
and
barley
mixed
here
and
essence
it,
eating
company out of the bowl, wishing them a merry Christmas and a happy new year. The ingredients put into the bowl were ale, sugar,
and then drinking the health
of the
Lamb's Wool.
springtime
rite
In the
first
narration
its
we seem
to
have a
dragged out of
the
implies
sun
or
round
it
Egypt is said to have given the body of be eaten by his murderous followers.
In a future page we point out that the wren's feathers symbolised the sun's rays in a solar ceremony in the
Isle of Man on every December 26th. In the "Lamb's Wool," we have the juices, implying the sun's rays in the concrete, referred to as the " wool " of the sun in the sign of the Lamb Ram of the Zodiac. The sun ceased to rise in spring in the sign of Lamb Earn about 125 e.g. or 389 B.C.
same sense
64
vine-growing countries by the worshipper's of the sun's emanation, as Bacchus, and under other titles.
Does not the wassail bowl and its liquor remind the reader of the Holy G-real and its contents ? And is not the
whole of the island of Britain the real Insula Pomorum Is not Glastonbury supposed or the Island of Apples ?
to
be Avalon
that
name
?
signify in the
Moreover, the
As. Res. states Britain was the original island of Delos, which floated, symbolically setting forth that the eartli
belly.
(to
make).
Worship of Priapus,
linga
is
Kome
the
world).
The reader
:
ceremony
rite
of kissing
a well-known Phallic
transformed
The horn
the centre of the cake, implies that Phallus, and the church,
its real
lost^
and the changed condition of human thought respecting such symbolisms had become highly objectionable, employed a pious fraud, and told the people the symbol was
65
" the big toe " of the husband of the church on earth, and father of the church "members." The fact that the church succeeded in pursuading the masses to so regard
the objectionable symbol, which for thousands of years had
been popular, proves how totally ignorant the masses had become as to its original import as a symbol that it
symbolised the masculine principle of the Creator transmitted in spring through the sun.
that symbol
still
in a popular
Venus's representative.
extended in
described by
Achilles.
Homer
his
was set forth under the similitude of a round dish, and whether the dish used as a symbol was large or small, it was called the The "Welsh Cauldron of Ceridwen, or, of Holy Love.
The round
bards
still
Cauldron of Cerid-
wen."
The sun-
beam, they
The
apple
being used as
symbol of the sun, the essence or juice of the apple came, naturally, like the essence of the grape, to be used emblematically as the " blood " of the Divinity, the source
of every nourishment. to in the Bible as
''
The
"
blood
" He washed
is
referred
garments in
The
dish
66
tion
and
fruit of all
of
man and
beast.
in the winter solstice
to the
custom
refers
old sun
at that season,
and, in
hours
later, refers to
through the combined Divine influence of Almighty Celi and his consort Ced from the sea of Hades, the entrance
where the sun sets on the afternoon of December 20th, and the outlet from which is where the sun reappears on the morning of December 22nd, to begin the new year, and celebrated earliest of the new year at Dunwich, Suffolk. Dunwich signifies Din (Hill or Mound) and 'Wych (Magnificent) Magnificent Mound. It is there
into
is
which
and now used as a "look out" by the coastguard. The Seal and Arms of Dunwich are the following
still,
:
67
The figure represents the sun of the new year rising from a boat on the sea as a " Crowned Babe " to govern the world
during the year then commencing.
The boat
is
the coracle
These
is
issuing out of
in
meant the same thing as the Divinity in the Yonng Sun Ced (his Divine Mother), as a White Dove some eastern counties under the figure of Adonis from
;
a boat, in Phoenicia
ark, in all
under the figure of a Wren from an parts of Wales and as a Babe, called Taliesin
; ;
from a coracle,
a
at
By
the figure of
human
body
child is implied that the sun has received a new the " old man renewed." It will be recollected
Der Ketos
Dove.
the
(a whale),
Ced goes under the figure of Cetus, or and that lona, or Jonah, signifies
page, to the
The following is a stanza in a poem in the said "Crowned Babe," composed by " Gildas,
Prophet,"
who
is
identical
with
the
Prince-Poet,
Aneurin, author of " The Gododin," who flourished about the middle of the sixth century, dying a.d. 570
:
"
will
come,
like lona,
;
the
Whale
He
In
is
Kingdom."
many
Christian bards of those early ages naturally confound the " Crowned Babe " with Jonah and with the Infant Jesus.
Moreover, Joshua, otherwise Jesus, who, on the death of Moses, succeeded him, and is said to have ascended out of 2
68
the
Nun,
or
Fish.
"Nuns"
signifies Fishes, or
Children of Fish.^
is
It is
hardly neces-
and Mother of "gods" and " goddesses," or priestly representatives of the masculine and feminine attributes, as emanations, of the Almighty Celi and the Almighty Ced,
His consort.
lines to "
The Roll
of Tradition and Chronology ^ copied by Mr. Llewellyn John, Llangewydd, from ancient writings in the library of Raglan Castle, Monmouthshire, which castle and contents were destroyed by General Fairfax, towards the close of the w^ar between Charles I. and the Parliament God delivered His Name vocally not otherwise than thus \l/ and with the Word all worlds and animations sprang
:
""
life,
shouting in ecstacy of
of
joy
/1\
name
God
in
sweetest
called
by the Welsh,
:
''Chief
of
Bards,"
Bum
"/l\
"
/l\
The Name
which
of
God
in
Druidism
is set
forth as in Three
/l\,
is the figure propping up words "in sw^eetest sopranoimic sound of the Echo of the Voice against the bottom, and through,
'
The
the
cadences"
of
refer to
Dr. Inimiu's
Ancunt
Faiths, Vol.
I.,
p. OG;
69
Drnidism, Mali or Mary-Mother, otherwise Venus Marina. Literally, Mali signifies " Like the stroke I," the I being the Druiclic symbol of the Equinoctial
Line.
This
is
the
wand The
of Titaenia.
Titi is the
Welsh
Memnon
Memnon
Eos
the
is
is
Eos by Tithonos.
which sings in
a
the
Welsh name
of that bird is
:
of the nightingale
the night.
name
Eaws.
Evidently
it is
compound
Yr (The)
E and Aws. The E should be the Aws signifies beginning to move, implying
here the melodious voice of the Creator pealing througb the primeval night was the active cause of the beginning
of
movement
in the
work
of creation,
it
But the Greek poets borrowed the Druidic Eaws or Eos, and used the name to denote Aurora, or the Dawn, which is called Gwawr by the Druids. Daivn signifies grace or gift in the Welsh language, and what is a finer Aurora gift of grace to the world than the dawn of day is said to have been the mother of Memnon, whose father was Tithonos. The last name seems to be the personified
!
splendour of the face of the earth before the eyes of Aurora. Mythologists state, " Tithonos was so beautiful that Aurora
(Eos)
became so enamoured of him that she carried him Another way of saying the splendour of the away."
the Hght of day.
also the
Eos was
70
darkness
of
unfathomable eternity.
We
are
told
" Tithonos asked Aurora to be made immortal, and the goddess granted it but as he had forgotten to ask for the
;
and beauty, which he then enjoyed, he soon and decrepid, and as life became insupportable to him he prayed Aurora to remove him out of the world. As he could not die the goddess changed him into
vigor, youth
grew
old, infirm,
cicada or grasshopper."
of the earth in
The fading splendour of the face autumn and winter is meant by Tithonos
and decrepid."
growing "
old, infirm,
We
associate the
summer bloom,
hopper
Besides
is
Memnon, Tithonos had Aemathion by Aurora. Amaethun is the name given by the Welsh to this day to any
rare, delicate
from Maeth
nourish-
ment.
A husbandman is called Amaethwr by them. It was the custom of ancient religious philosophers to personify ideas and actions. Ideal beauty was personified as
Venus
;
strength as Hercules
;
youthful
manhood
as Apollo
and Adonis
feather
wavy
line,
&c.
From
of
of
and actions have sprung our alphabets, the letters which were originally simply pictures, or in the words Sharpe, in his History of Egypt, " the characters were
used for the objects only ;" and he adds, ' the first great change in the art was to use the figures for the names of the objects, and not for the objects themselves."
71
figure of a
Amen-Ea was
its
set
forth
by the
round
of
ball,
symbolising
it,
many
as
emanations.
if
On
each
and
descending on each
from
tails
it,
is
a crowned-hooded serpent.
and
of the
greatly bent
down
Each
which
appears
engaged
in
sustaining
something below.
Those two serpents symbolise the good and evil principles, or light and darkness respectively, sustained and The kept apart by the sun, who is acting as a mediator. Osiris and same idea is implied by the teaching that
Typhon were
the
deadly foe of
character
of
former,
but
with
Horus,
the
centre
Egyptian
in
trinity,
i.e.,
fertilising influence
spring
summer and
;
winter.
Pater
in
Ka was the Egyptian name of the sun and Amen, or as Jupiter (lu the name is often spelt, Amon and Ammon
or Father)
signifies
Celi or Keli^
and
after
whom
Therefore,
Amen-Ra
signifies the
Hidden Sun, or the Creator, who, according to ancient His emanations to the visible
universe by the physical
Welsh,
is
called
Hu
The
within us,
life,
immortal as
its
Priest,
representing
the
soul-life
on
was
called
Meuw
(oo) the
72
The men
spelt
in the
name
In
"Menai"
straits,
which should he
as
Menau
(souls),
signifies the
same thing
Amen
(Hidden
Spirit).
Welsh hrain is called men, as in Ji(?n-ydd. Menwyn (sacred men) is the Welsh name for mental gift or talent. As the mind is concealed in the human head or skull, so the ancients compared the orh of the sun to the head or the skull of Hu Ail or second Hu, or sometimes In, as in " Jupiter." He was Amen-Ea's Eegent in the government of the universe. Memnon, son of Dawn (Aurora), and of the Handsomeness of the Landscape, personified hy the Greeks
as a masculine personage,
priest of the sun,
is
and the light of the moral world, at Thebes echoing hack from earth to heaven at the rising of the sun, the music which the Voice of the Creator had imparted to the earth by the agency of the sun at the beginning of creation. The same idea is found in that most ancient of poems the Book of Job, where, in the
38th chapter, dealing with the creation of the earth,
asked, "
it is
the earth
and
It
all
Where wast thou when I laid the foundation of ? when the morning stars sang together, " (creations ) "of God shouted for joy ? " the sons ?
.
The same
inability
seen in
numerous commentaries on the High Priest Melchizedec, whom St. Paul describes as " man," and yet as being
*
almost
is
individual
man
himself.
TflE LIGHT
OP BRITANNIA.
73
The sacred
the
zodiacal
the
Bull,
b.c.
from,
to
according to
B.C.
M.
bull
2504
The
The
priests
said that
it
(Apis)
had no earthly
father,
the
cow, his mother, and that this was followed in due time by
also
Y Vuwch
now
Laethnen.
We
return to the
Memnon
statue.
is,
It should be
Sharpe, a
according to
of
Mi Amen,
is
or
Amun Mi
title
of the
the priestly
of the great
Manetho's writings. It should be borne in mind that the great monarchs of Egypt were both priests and kings.
We
erected
now come
the
to the
who
The
musical
statue
"Memnon"
by the
music
Mi Amen
Rameses
II.
\
preceding king,
who
Amun Othph
III.,
and
is
styled the
son of
Amen-Ra
(the
Maut-Mes., widow of Thoth-Mosis IV. Maut, Mut, Ma, Mot, " Queen Maut-Mes each signifies both matter and mother.
received a message from heaven through the god
Thoth (Tad,
is to
give
of Druidism)
takes her by the hand, and with the goddess Athor (the
sacred
life
Cow
mouth,
There cannot be
*
p. 201.
Ibid, p. 67.
74
THE
LTGTIT
is
OF BRITANNIA.
sun descending upon the cow, his mother, and both imply,
through material
representing
the union
of
soul,
or
is
spiritual
life,
"with
matter on earth.
to his
understood
to refer
human
knowledge of the glory of It is that which God in the face of Jesus Christ.'' "shines in our hearts that enables us to behold "the
hearts, to give the light of the
'
glory of
God
The
allusion is
from physical
life,
the Creator,
treasure in
earthen vessels,"
or, in
"Face
of the
made out of The Ancient Druids refer to Sun/' and to "The Eye of Light,"
other words, in bodies
of the Circle
meaning the focussed light in the Centre Earth, which symbolised the soul-life on
focussed light.
on
earth.
This was
with such a manifestation of the Divine Presence in the sanctuaries of the Stone Age, or that they contrived by art
to
Holy
Circle).
which the Druids called Swyngylch (Magic however, certain they regarded that Light
find,
iii.,
"Amen,"
is
And,
we have
Go J Amen," which
the
75
in the Authorised
Version,
translated
""
God
of Truth."
In the Druidic System the Celi was the Father of the life, symbolised by a wren, was the Father of Mankind as Souls and Memnon symSun, and the Sun's inward
;
bolised
them collectively, by the figure of one High Priest. Every morning the Statue of Memnon greeted the Sun, his
Father, with the sound of music, similar to the notes of a
harp
and
it is
hymns to Osiris " (sun), " invoked that god as the being who dwelt concealed in the embraces of the sun. Not that they deified the sun, con*
The Egyptians,
in their
sidered merely as a
mass of luminous or fervid matter, but as the centre or body from which the pervading Spirit, the original producer of order, fertility, and organisation, amidst the inert confusion of space and matter, still continued to emanate to preserve the mighty structure which The sun has a title of Huan in Welsh it had formed." ^ (Hu and Anedd, or Abode of Hu).
In the Egyptian hieroglyphics, Amen-Ra, or Hidden Body and Soul of the Sun, are symbolised, a? we say elsewhere, by a round orb, and the Divine emanations
shooting out of
it
would appear as if the full wings symbolise the entire operations of the sun in the kingdom of physical nature, and the single feather
only a single feather
is
employed.
It
for
"Amen"
symbolises,
exclusively,
the
soul
coming
p.
138,
Knight,
Lanyua(je,
s.
bb.
76
The
is
power of human intelligence the human head symbolising the intelligence, and the body of the lion symbolising the
:
might or force of that intelligence, as evidenced in the neighbouring tremendous erections reared by human hands
directed
by the
human Mind
enclosed
in
Matter,
or
Maut-Mes.
That Memnon is identical with Adonis, Tammuz, Arawn, and Arthur of the Druids, seems certain from the fact that it is said that the river Paphlagonios flowed from his blood, like the river Adonis, in Phoenicia, is said to flow from the That he is, like Adonis, identical with blood of Adonis. Tammuz, or the sun at the end of the solar year, is proved
by the fact that he is said to be a vassal of the Assyrian monarch, Teu Tamus, which appears to be Duw Tammuz
(Old Sun), the "
old sun,
it
Teu" being
the Druidic
Duw
(God).
The
will
young sun of the new year. Strange to find that thus Memnon of Egypt is identical with the Messiah of Israel, who is supposed to be alluded to by the Prophet Haggai ii., 7, in the words "the Desire of all Or did the Jews commit the mistake nations shall come."
to be the father of the
new sun of each succeeding year, as a " Crowned Babe," was to be a living human Divine personage to come to govern the whole
of supposing the allusions of the poets to the
earth
During the prolonged struggle for supremacy between corrupt Druidism and Christianity on the continent of
Europe,
and
in
the
East,
Christianity
adopted
from
77
rites
Druidism, those
and
found to
object to
the ground of and now, some people, because Christianity is be travelling on the old railway of Druidism,
it
altogether.
is
It
is
much
as Christianity
a teacher of
faith in the
ecclesiastics,
But the
the
early
their
far
intense
zeal
for
then newer
;
creed,
went too
in their policy of
adaptation
they
The
The
story of the
Holy Greal
a striking example
The
follow-
ing in brief
the invented story of the Holy Greal as a substitute for the Cauldron of Ceridwen with its cider
is
symbol of the Divine Essence the suns rays in the concreteand the "Lambs Wool" symbols in the dish
already described, both symbolising people feasting on the essence which the sun had left behind in the ripened ingredients of the earth, the contents of the
Cauldron of
hung on
the cross.
He
thrown into
exiled,
For the devotion the Greal, he was denounced to the Jews, prison, delivered to the Lord of the land, and
the
given.
is
Lloegr
the
name by which
alone
England
known
78
to
the
and in
Lloegr.
Welsh unacquainted with the English language, Welsh literature generally England is always called
" There," the
story
goes
on to
state,
" they
When
after
which, to
wine,
was that no one, however high a condition, might see save he was of Joseph's blood."
it
In the same legend the locality in the White Island wherein the Holy Greal is located is the Island of Apples,
said
by the
ecclesiastics to be
Glastonbury
Fabricators are
own The name of the mysterious island in Welsh is Ynys 'Avalon, and it was translated into Latin Insula Poynorum (the Island of Apples). Now, the translator of the name 'Avalon from the Welsh into Latin fell into the
generally eventually caught in the meshes of their
deceit.
Apples.
plural
and therefore translated the name the Island of In Welsh, impersonated nouns have the " on" as a
but in the plural names of inanimate natural
" is
sign,
objects,
" on
We say ^jmioii
;
in Calo (heart),
to persons but "on" Ffynow (spring of water), &c., is a sign In Welsh, the plural for of perenniality and nothing else. A Welshman apples is 'Avalaw and sometimes 'Avalenau.
in the
word
and
sacred island.
79
Yr Ynys Wen,
Holy
though
Island "white"
literally to
Island, signifies
as an adjective, the
signifies the
;
sun as
husbandman
Garddir or
Arddir
the "
ir " termi-
nation being the same as the Latin Vii\ but with the v
out.
left
Arthur and
St.
a husbandman.
As we have pointed
sun at the winter
(1)
out,
solstice
was symbolised
tumulus.
(2)
many ways,
a
By
falling
cist
in
Into
crom-
and cromleiich symbolising the earth, the former as a navel and matrix, and the latter the
leach, both
cist
entire
fabric
of the
to
earth
as
belly,
when
the
earth
was supposed
or like
Dolmaen.
The
reason
why
of
Mother
was the notion that often called all the attributes of the said great Mother operated from below the Anian or Anima by the Welsh
sun
and nature,
loam.
sonified
Those
as
attributes,
we
cows
three three
white
three
desses; by
of
Ced
herself.
We
so
is
puzzled so
many
learned
"
80
Womb
of Ced,
is
new
saw, the glimmer of hope that the dead also will be raised
into
**
renewed
life
^
like
the
orb of
day
is
annually
renewed."
(3)
By
the Cauldron of
Ceridwen (Pair
new
The
*'
bodily remains of
They and the sun life in the springtime. " renewed." 'J'he Druids, no doubt, often asked are annually " When is also the spring time of dead humanity ?
new
Job was not the only patriarch of the ancient world who
murmured
" There
cease.
phenomena
of nature
hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not
Though
it
wax
the stock thereof die in the ground, yet through the scent
of water
will bud,
like a plant.
But man
dieth,
yea,
man
giveth up the
* By Ced, symbolised in the f]ast as a Whale (Cetiis), as already described, symbolising the passive principle in matter, Anima (Anian), as Latona, the mother of Apollo (Sun) Black Virgin, serpent, as symbol of Atliene or
;
Divine Wisdom, often described also as Minerva, principle in matter welling fortli from Ced.
all
"
THE LIGHT OF
ghost, and
BRITxVNNIA.
81
Every raised green tumulus in Britain, and wherever seen, and containing remains of the dead, is, to this day, an expression of humanity, in the face
where
is
he
"
humble hope
of
mankind,
in the olden
the
Tomen, on
its
lonely hill.
!
still
Job
xiv. 7,
&;c.
82
CHAPTER
F
YII.
all the curious solar myths of the Druids, the most extraordinary is that relating to the annual death of the sun under the title of Arawn (To Wait), and, sometimes, under the title of Saidwrn (Liuga of
the Urn), corrupted into Saturnus; and also named Arthur, Taliesin, &c. The " death " took place on December 20th,
was supposed to rest in his Ced (Cetus of the Latins, and Der Ketos of the Greeks) on December 21st, and to be re-born a babe, and named Hu Gadarn (Hesus^^the Mightj^), and known also as Taliesin, &c., renewed on the morning of December 22nd, after an absence of forty hours, from 4 o'clock on the afternoon of the 20th to 8 o'clock on the morning of December 22nd. The 21st was not reckoned with the days of the year, for it was the period of the sun's absence, and
ark
when
it
itself
waited
a *'year
hours.
"day"
being the
said
forty
when
Or,
is
on Friday, and
Sunday morning, at the end and the beginning of the sacred year of the Jews ? There are most curious agreements between the incidents of the
83
and resurrection of
21st,
the
Druidic
name
the
sun on March
was a
winter;
powers of
summer and
;
he was Horus,
Mithras, between Ormuzd between Osiris and Typhon Jupiter, between Neptune and Pluto and Ahriman
;
Yishnoo, between
Brahma
and Siva. The Lord Jesus, on the cross, was between good and evil the penitent and the impenitent thieves like !Seth was between Cain and Abel. In the Egyptian solar allegory it was Typhon who killed Osiris, which is tantamount to Abel killing Cain.
Jesus was
garden.
interred
in
stone
grave
(kist
?)
in
symbol of the round earth above the rational horizon, and regarded as the Garden of the Lord, had a stone kist in it, called by the Druids, as a coffin is still named
in Welsh,
is
deposited in
In Druidism the
had tenanted the body had, if tarnished by evil deeds, returned to some part of the Circles of Abred, the Druidic name of their circles of transmigration, which circles begin in the sea of Annwn, the Great Deep or Hades, and ascend to the " line of free will " compared to the equinoctial line dividing the southern and northern hemispheres from each other. The Druids taught that at the "death" of the sun at sunset, on December 20th, his divinity was received for safety and rejuvenation back by Ced into her matrix in the sea of the elements or Mor Annwn, symbolised apparently in the Hebrew temple by the Brazen Sea. It is clear a tumulus,
with a stone kist in the middle of
as a symbol of Ced's
it,
Womb
as the
Cave
of Delphi was.
r 2
84
Delphi
signifies
Der Ketos by another kind of The hairy appendages of the human Vulva are still,
Dolphin, which
is
the symbol
The Door
of Cetus, or
Der
Ketos.
country
The
is
principal
garden-grave
and
close
The dimensions
of the garden:
" It
is
The
feet
in two.
It
measures
1680
high,
and 315
180
and
if
mound
is
Cluda'r Cyvrangon
Saturn,
otherwise
Osiris, &c.,
her matrix.
THE
NEW
SUN.
We wall now proceed to give what we have culled from the records of antiquity relating to the " death " of the old
sun at the winter
" birth "
solstice
of
December 22nd.
The
fact
;
is,
of the
whole solar
trinity
fertiliser of the
85
in the south in
and
At Hierapolis the was exhibited between the figures of Linga and Yoni ^ (the concomitants of the Fatherhood of the Creator and of the Motherhood of Ced, his Consort, and personified as Jupiter and Venus.
It
were old
As the Mind
located in the
human
Menw
Brain),
also
by the symbol
\f/,
and,
One
tells
of
the
characters
in
all
the
antiquities of the
Tammuz.
Cyril, of Alexandria,
Tammuz
solstice.
character.
Tammuz
tells
is
Jerome
us a
very important fact that "the winter solstice was the time
have died, though the June " (when the sun is in the Tropic of Cancer), that is, by the Hebrews, as shown in Ezekiel, describing the weeping women
believed
to
place in
viii.,
of
March, or a
little
later,
is
by
The
following
stated
by the Rev.
^
Thomas
"
86
" An
to
administered
to
all
who were
be
Then
a description of chaos or
man
of
young Adonis and Hu Gadarn, or Hesus the Mighty, in Druidism), and mentions the orgies, or funeral lamentations on account of the just person (Tammuz, Arawn, Adonis, Arthur, Saturn, Noah, and known by other names) and those of the Arkite Athene (Ark, and the Dove, as Divine Wisdom, within it, floating on the Sea of Chaos).
born
(as
The
Ark on
the
"
In those
attendants
had, for
long while,
to
by the re-admission of
"
emblematical firmament).
On
company, saying
been
for
'
Comfort yourselves,
ye
who have
fellow-
partakers"
shall
(sympathisers,
and
therefore,
sufierers)
"of the mysteries of the Deity thus preserved, now enjoy some respite from our labours (lamentations). The priest, now himself assuming the
we
'
character of the newly-born Adonis, or Hesus the Mighty, says, " I have escaped a sad calamity, and my lot is greatly
mended." The hitherto wailing congregation now answer by the invocation, " Hail to the Dove Giver of Light " ^
!
states also-:
**
Concall
52.
Adonis,
whom
sometimes
iii.,
ancient
*
authors
Aarjii, p.
J
p. 577.
Moses and
87
the
at his finding.
As among By the
Now
the
sun seems to
depart twice
year;
(1) when he is in the Tropic of Cancer (longest day of summer), and (2) when he is in the Tropic of Capricornus (shortest day)," or north and south, touched by the two open
Ab-Ri (Son
of G-od), Wilts.
It
in
young sun, named Hesus December 22nd She, as Divine Wisdom, having
Gwenydva
(Paradise), a
of Hades, is stationed there to encourage his advance, like a mother encouraging her child to " walk,"
and also
to threaten the
Power
him
into herself as
Ced
Hades
forty
hours before.
raith
attribute
It
The
associated
elsewhere
with
Tynghedwen
(Ceres).
like those of a
water
bird,
being
88
web-footetl.
The sun
hence
remarkable
to be
came
The Druids,
to save himself
employed a wren
to
be
regenerated
later,
to
the
As
is
is
one of the
titles of
the
we
shall
come
to that presently.
This
Arkite shrine.
mind
that
We
Ced
is
Ced
(Aid),
were used
to symbolise
and
is
repre-
Annwn
of the
afternoon of each
back into
herself.
12, plate
Biblical Dictiotiary
we
find a
medal
of Ancient Corinth
entered a whale.
He
is
shown
in a state of decrepitude.
man
is
shown
TfiE
tlGHT OF BRITANNIA.
of infancy.
89
same
fish
in
a state
Taylor on Calmet's
state, "the tutelary deity" (Ced) "nurses and suckles the babe, so that the child grows up to maturity." "The combination," Taylor goes on to state, " of iioo periods of time into one representation has rendered this medal hitherto inexplicable to the most learned
goes on to
antiquarians."
Bozrah
In plate 14 of Calmet's, we have the medal of Bezer, or the Bozrah to the south east of the Dead Sea.
On
is
the
Decius.
On
the reverse
is
hand
is
in her left
hand
side,
cornucopia,
The Horn
of Plenty.
By her
and
is the infant Bacchus (or old Silenus "renewed ") dancing with a skin wine-bottle on his shoulder. The cornucopia, which is full of seeds, is the round half
of
the
earth
above the
rational
horizon,
as
the
belly
of Ced.
The dancing
little
boy
is
Gadarn, Bacchus, &c. The wine bottle implies that he has brought with him the element necessary to ferment the seeds in the earth's ovary, personified as Venus, symbolised by the cornucopia on the arm of his mother. The cross appears to symbolise the triumph over the Power of Hades, which, forty hours
ijew year, called Adonis,
before,
Hu
had sought
now
had carried
(the cross)
away
in
Q""*
Ced
IS
triumph.
The
straight, upright
beam
of the
it
On other medals cornus on December 20tli. shown standing with her left foot on a round heap
as
(tumulus
grave),
and, on
another,
she
stands in
90
placed on an ark
tumulus representing the same attribute in Druidism, In reference to the above, Calmet's states, " Venus was born
from a ship."
is
one of the
which
is
sun each
December
20th.
symbolising
the
The
was
set forth as
20th, at
fish, where he continued and three nights " (really from December 4 o'clock p.m., to December 22nd, at 8 o'clock a.m.)
''When Hercules came out again, he had lost his hair" "At Corinth (rays) "and appeared as a beardless babe." the young sun was named Palemon, that is, The Old Man,'"
'
states Calmet's,
lical critic,
Taylor, adds,
The reason
for
it is
Hercules
skifif
Nerus
in
the
Ner (Power
is
of the
to
The following
the son of the
be
understood thus
Hyperion
is
and
this year is
91
Cup, in which
^
:
Now,
Hercules
in
is
called
Cup
son,
;
That
Helius, Hyperion's
To Erebus he
And And
blooming
offspring.
Erebus
is
is
Hades, the
Annwn
of the Druids.
The "parent"
Almighty
Mother of the sun and earth, or of Venus, as a conceiver. The Cauldron of Ceridwen is Venus. As stated repeatedly, the sun's annual stay in Ced was during forty
subject of
is
hours only.
In the Ancient Laws of Wales, under the "Havod un N6s" (Summer's Night Abode), it enacted, that if a man erects a cot on a Common in one
it
forty hours
it is
a mistake) the
man
is
given a free
it,
which
is to
No doubt
the privilege
and
it.
his
mother Ced
as already
described.
^
Analysis.
Vol.
ii.,
p. 405.
02
CHAPTER
|S
YIII.
stated in
a former page,
among
the
British
language the wren to this day is "Derw," "Drew," and " Dryw."
The reason
is
of
the
Druids
wee
nest
round, as they
its
own beddrods
for the
or tumuli.
We
seem
to detect in the
hope
Almighty, by the
round beddrod (round grave) like nest into singing birds, and the same Almighty power can also restore dead humanity
to corporeal existence
The weak-
sun in
its
The wren,
solstice.
was sacred
to the
The following is quoted from the Cambrian Journal ^: A mode of levying contributions at Christmas was by means of the Cutty Wren " " Cutty" seems to be derived
"
procured a wren,
and placed
carry
it
it
in a small
ornamented box or paper house, either end, two or four men would
1857.
p. 183.
93
The
(3)
fault-finding inquisitives
The know-nothings;
enter the
and
The know-alls.
if
The
four
men would
We
have heard
it
said,
the
occupier of the small box on the That he had once been wealthy, and would be so again, and the contribution asked would be applied to succour
him
to
in his need.
name
doggerel
"
Tom Tit and Jenny Wren, Are God Almighty's cock and hen."
is
a popular
rhyme
to
the
He who He who
I never take
away
Dick took a wren's nest from his cottage side, And ere a twelvemonth passed his mother died."
94
In French a wren is called, among other names, Boeuf de This reminds us of the allegory Dieu, or Divine Meat. in which it is stated the body of Osiris (sun), one of
the gods of Egypt, was cut up by
fragments, which
the
Typhon
;
divided
into
;
of
"blood"
of
among
his votaries
being
divided
of the
all,
blessed Eucharist, consisting, according to one school of Christians, of the real flesh and blood of the Lord Jesus
Christ.
sun's rays, continued in a concrete form,
The
in the
and eaten
through the winter, after the fertiUsing force or essence of the sun from whence it had come in spring and summer
had ceased
to
come,
is
what
is
meant by
As already said, bread is personified Tynghedwen (Ceres) and the " blood " of goddess
Man,
it
is
customary
''
to
Wren
pole,
wren
is affixed to
with
its
wings extended."
it
formed;
hunters,
"and
After who march to every house chanting. making the usual circuit, and collecting what they can obtain, they lay the wren on a bier, and then carry it in
procession
to
with
whimsical
sing
solemnity, they
make
"her Knell."
mourners form
and dance
95
All this,
music provided
we
are
morrow
Calendar
Tropic of Capricornus
South
morrow
in
wren
in
8 o'clock
on the 22nd
forty
hours.
cribing another
mode
des-
'
The
legs in the
96
The hoops are decorated with evergreens and ribands, and The two the company sing The Hunt of the Wren.' "
*
hoops crossing each other at right angles, illustrate the apparent convexity of the heavens above the rational
horizon, and the wren suspended in
it symbolises the sun on the shortest day. crucified in the heavens at noon *'At the close of the song, if they be fortunate enough to
wren."
before
"And
almost
of the
day the
little
body
is
featherless."^
This symbol refers really to the death of the old sun while on the middle of the path of the equinox colura
(March 21).
It is
Phoenician
one, and
due
to
the
Trains
Isle
THE LIGHT OP BRITANNIA.
97
Irish also have a wren hunt, a whole parish running from hedge to hedge wren-hunting and they teach their children to thrust them loith thorns."
states
Brand
"The
will
of thorns.
sun, as a head,
was the
Fj Xuw,
fy nerthiad,
f}'
ddodes, trwy
liid,
Enaid
ym pwUad."
My
God,
my
strengthener,
Placed, through
my
temples,
A
The middle
u,)
soul in
my
head.
is
of the
Hu
sound
to
and
Had
was supposed the soul entered the head through the middle of its apex. The soul c^mes, hke everything else, as the Druids supposed, from Ced, by the
(Hu).
instrumentality of Cell.
of the
God
Hence
the
name
enters,
number
of his
Collectanea
birds.
The
shown
to
Christian Mission-
aries, and, by their commands, he is still hunted and killed by the peasants on Christmas day.^ Train, in his Hislory
Manx
herring fishers
and storms
at sea.
Their tradition
is
Aiilirey's Miscellanies,
2nd
Kil.,
]).
45.
98
by storms, and that at last it assumed the figure of a wren and flew away. So they think when they have a dead wren Quoted from the Scottish Galloviwith them all is snug. But what the originators of dian Enci/clopcedia, p. 157. of the custom really beheved was, that storms and disasters
were caused by the evil spirit, Avagddu (Pluto), the enemy of the sun, and that nothing was better calculated to mollify him than the tribute of a dead wren the Druidic symbol,
when
But the Manx fishermen simply do as their forefathers did, and know nothing that the dead as to the original meaning of the custom The goat "for Azazel" sacrifice to the devil wren was a on the Jewish Day of Atonement, implied precisely the same
living, of Divinity in the sun.
kind of
sacrifice.
Train mentions other customs observed by the inhabitants The Druidic Divine Triad are assoof the Isle of Man. ciated with the following: "Before marrying, the party
thrice
walk three times round the church. Every funeral goes round the cross in the churchyard."
Since writing the foregoing we have visited the ancient
city of St.
The
wlio'e district is
Quite acciit
we discovered
memory,
n'inter
was
solstice
On
four of
whom
'
house
'
stood,
and which was decorated with tricoloured ribbons, sang It appeared the custom ceased to verses most plaintively. be observed about forty years ago, and it was by searching
99
out aged inhabitants we at last discovered a few of the verses that were sung by the processionists on such occasions. An aged Welsh woman, working in a garden in April. 1892,
recited for us the following verses
:
III.
Dryw Bach ydyw'r Gwr, Am dauo mae stwr Mae cwest arno fe, Nos heno'n mhob He.
II.
Fe dorwyd y Twr Fe ddaliwyd y Gwr Fe 'i ro'wVl e' mewn Ar elor fraith wen.
;
ll^n,
IV.
;
Mewn
'Stafell
Wen
De,?,
Gyda'r Unbrawd-ar-Ddeg.
V.
Rhibanau pob lliw, amgylch y Dryw Rhibanau tri thro, Ar ei ben yn lie to.
scant,
IMae'r
Drywod yn
i
Wedi hedfan
bant
61,
Hwy
Trwy
into English rhyme,
ddeuant yn
Iwybrau'r
Hen Ddol.
Without attempting to reduce the interesting old verses we freely translate them, care being
:
The
Little
Wren
is
is
the Hero,
;
everywhere
all places,
An
inquest upon
him
II.
is
held.
last
night very
stone-grave was burst open ; ^ sly-wretch was found out and captured In a great winding sheet He was placed And caried on a bier colours
The The
Tlie wrens are now scarce They've winged away But again they'll come back. Over the tracks of Old Mead.^
'
Kist grave is referred to by Taliesin in the words "Bt)l Twr Meinin'"' (The Belly of a Tower of Stones).
:
Ddol " (transhited Old Jlead) is lowlands below the Cathedral of St. David.
-
" lien
tlie
"
100
In the
first
we
find the
is
Welsh
language.
Roman
Imperial dominafine,
Wales.
The
expressions
"Holy,
upper
chamber," " brethren eleven," &c., prove they were composed by one under the influence of Christian ideas and history. "We seem to detect in the word " Cwest," the
hand
of a
Roman
close
will
be
observed that the verses are most curious for the dual
characters given apparently to the
is
"Gwr"
(Hero);
then he
is,
Wren.
Welsh
is
idiomatic
word
Then
there
an allusion to the "Sly and " in a holy, fine, upper chamber," with the eleven disciples, which clearly identifies the " sly wretch" with Judas Iscariot. Then the display of coloured ribbons
streaming from the summit of the small " house
is
the wren
located,
seems
to identify the
" in
making the
thirteenth.
Mary Lwyd
(Roly Mary)
rites, still
Monmouthshire during the Christmas festivities, are fragments of the Miracle Plays of the Middle Ages, and that some of the verses have been lost, and that the present ones
are not given in their original order.
But what
is
more
probable
is,
that
we behold
in the confused
order of the
Roman Cathohc
of
Church
Wales
to
mix
Wren
symbol, which
Welsh masses,
101
may
wren" was,
apparently, customary
among
advent of Christianity.
signifies,
titles
I I
Wyv Dwr, wy v Dry \v, Wyv Saer, wyv Syw." am a Tower, I am a Wren,
a Carpenter,
I
am
am
Wise.
both antithetical conditions or characters. In " Cad Goddeu (Myvyrian) " he says of himself as the sun's representative
:
"
Mwyav
Ac mi
The
tair ar
gyvryd,
A chwerais ym
a deryw, ystyr dilyw."
myd,
"Tarw
1
am
a Bull cultivator,
The King of the World, One who loves the sea, And is a Sailor.
In "
of the sun as
"
Dwvn
ddarogan (ydd
?j
Dewin Drywon."
Wren.
Deep diviner
of the Living
The "on"
is
in
Drywo/i
is
102
Derwyddon doetlmr,
Darogeuwcli i Arthur Yssid y sydd gynt, Neu'r eiglienyiit? A Christ y crocaw (crogedig), A dydd brawd Rhaglaw. Ac am un a deryw, ystyr Dilyw."
;
to
Arthur (sun),
day.
What is there more early than me they can sing of ? And of Christ crucified the Vice-Roy of the judgment And of the Wren of the Deluge signification.
Typhon is the Arabic name for Deluge, and it is also the name of the Destroyer, or Satan. Dilyw, translated Deluge, signifies literally Anarchy (Di and Llyw). The
Latin diluvium appears to
be derived
meaning Venus or Virgo, an emanation of Ced, was symbolised by a hen, called Y lar Ceridwen (Hen of Holy Love). Instead of by a dove or a wren, they now symbolised
earth,
body and beak, as in the other birds, the virility of the sun in spring. Payne Knight, in his Worship of Friapics,
has the illustration of a statue of a cock with a Priapian beak. In front of the marble and below the bird are the
words in Greek characters, Zeus Soter (Jove, or Jupiter, the Saviour). Suidas states, "Amongst the Egyptians
Priapus
called Horas" (Hke the beak as a Linga, between the two wings of the cock, Horus is the middle person of the Egyptian Trinity). "Horus," Suidas prois
represented in the
human
sea.
He
103
bears
wings."
One wing
Druidism
is
;
is
Typhon,
in corrupt
in
Gwron
In
all
(Hero).
Snidas also
mentions,
"Horns
is
show he
is
what Justin Martyr designates the '' Seminal Logos " by the instrumentality of which all things were and are made. The sun rising east in spring between the tropics of Capri and Cancer. The Class Coracle symbolised Ced, and the Isle of Britain, secondarily, as representing the Vulva of Ced as afloat. We have, in Welsh, a prosody
of the trinity
which clearly has come down from Druidic times. It is called " Mic Dinbych." Mic now signifies a shout. No doubt it originally signified a chorus. Din-bych signifies
high
hill
(of
worship).
The following
are
translations
:
which
is
on the
Her
When
Amiable
is
on the broad
lake,
it
A
The
fortress
The
Salutation
House
of Britain.
last expression
seems
to refer to
Avebury
Circle, Wilts,
bounds "
and the
illimitable space
beyond
and full of water, and the circle of one hundred stones running round the rim of the green flat arena enclosed by the trench of the temple of Bryn Gwyddon (Avebury) symbolised.
ii.,
p. 258.
104
CHAPTER
T
stood on
IX.
Mount Libanus, Palestine. It is said Adonis (sun) used to be much on Mount Libanus, where Venus (the personified conceiving power of the
Earth
the
in
Spring),
frequently
descended
to
meet him,
shape
of a
wild
boar,
hunting, and
course, is
at the
struck
him
in
The
story,
of
to the
sun
winter solstice
We have Hebrews, by extolling Abel and emplo3ang blood in their religion, mixed the Typhonic
ceremonies relating to the latter to the former.
already hinted that the
character of the third person of the Egyptian trinity wdth
the real or uncorrupted worship of Jehovah
the Creator's
Name.
really
Here, again,
it
appears as
if
due to
its
said
to
person
as
of
the
Egyptian
who
is
actually
third
addressed
"Jehovah"
by Abraham when
the
The two
105
the devil,
flesh of
swine
on the Sacred Acorns of the Sacred Oaks. Strange to say? the bee was also " unclean " under the law of Moses. It was sacred in Druidism, and the clergy were called after
it
We
The
custom implies victory over the asailant of Adonis on Mount Libanus. The custom was formerly very popular in Britain,
and is, we believe, still observed in the palace of the monarch, and in some other great houses, and at the Oxford
University.
festive
occasion are
preserved, such as
Loke wherever
Servite
it
be faude,
Cum
Cantico.
The bore's heade in hands bringe I, With garlandes gay and rosemary
;
I
I
pray yon
all
synge merely,
Qui
estis in Convivio.*'
Aubrey states (1678), it was customary to bring in the The golden apple boar's head with a lemon in its mouth}
(lemon) in the mouth of the boar, signified, in Druidism, the
The
rite
implies
flown away.
The
following further
attack
&c.,
on Mount
1.,
p. 484.
106
Libanus
groans of Adonis,
from a hly
to carnation colour,
and the
was converted into a flower called Venus laid Adonis down on a bed of lettuce in a garden. She then proceeded, herself, to Hades, and there saw Proserpine, the Queen of Pluto (Pluto is the Druidic Avagddu, and is identical with Mars), king of
blood
of
Adonis
Anemone.
the infernal regions, and she succeeded in obtaining conditions as to Adonis's future.
should live with Venus during six months of the year, and
Venus signifies, in the above fable, the earth during the six months of summer, and Proserpine during the six months of winter.^
with herself the other six months.
During the
Gardens" grew several sorts of herbs, especially lettuces, in memory of Adonis having been laid by Venus upon a bed of lettuce. Each bouquet signified the whole summer earth as the beautiful garden of the sun. The custom still observed of a bride, at her wedding, carrying a bouquet in her hand, had its origin in this custom, and originally signified she would be her husband's fruitful
Phoenician, &c.,
women
Adonidis Horti
in
which
garden.
The Ancients
and the signification of the fable about Venus placing Adonis upon a bed of lettuce, while she went from home to
visit
Proserpine,
is
obvious.
It is
important to bear in
mind
that Adonis was described as being annually wounded by the wild boar, and appearing as one dead or " dead alive."
The
river
now
*
ancient times
Mount a name
107
given
to
it
in
the
maps
on
who was
said to have
Lucan
relates con-
Adonia,
is
of a bloody colour,
proceeding from a kind of sympathy in the river for the " death " of Adonis (as
regarded,
states
Lucan,
as
Tammuz).
redness.""-^
it
Adonis
at
that
Tammuz
December
Now, who
Year
Was
it
done by
who were
Phoenicians,
in Palestine,
Now,
rites,
let
relating to
Murder
of Osiris by
Typhon
at the
e.g.,
equinox
the sign of the Bull, and the Bull Apis was the Egyptian
^
"^
Journal pp.
Calmet's
!
34, 45.
iii.
ruffments, vol.
p. 576,
108
symbol of the sun, as mediating on behalf of the world But when, between light and darkness life and death. by the law of the precession of the equinoxes, the vernal sun
moved,
so
to
speak,
to
Aries instead
of
Taurus,
the
Young Ram
Young
Ram
came
was
to be
Amon
(Hidden), and
shown
as a dignified
man
We
Ram
of
nection with
ram
Egypt
itself,
Young memory
what they did in Egypt. At this very time the principal religious symbols of Egypt were the Ram, the sacred bull Apis, and the sacred cow Tebah or Athor. The last two (Bull and Cow) were gradually giving way before the young
Ram
(Jupiter) symbol,
which the
religious astronomers
had
In Exodus
viii.,
no longer rose in the Sign of the Bull. 25 and 26, we find the following "And
:
Pharaoh called
ye,
sacrifice to
for
Moses and
for
your
God
;
in the land.
It is not
tions
for
to the
sacrifice
eyes," (in
abomination of the Egyptians before their the land) " and will they not stone us ?" Observe
" is in the singular
number, therefore, it was the one particular creature which the Egyptians held in
pious reverence, the Jews were about to sacrifice to
*'
" abomination
their
God." Did they not, ultimately, sacrifice the Young Ram, symbol of Jupiter Amon " in the land ? " Most remarkable they should offer to " their God " what they regarded as an
" abomination," but what
109
Was it as an
?
probably much
Was
it
later
when
Typhon
when
it
the
into idolatry,
was the
Golden
lamb
Calf
not
ram
(Jupiter
No
too
Amon
much by
killing
as a Passover
fell
to venture to
upon the older Egyptian symbol, which was being supplanted by the Ram, or Aries. We here refer the reader to what we say Now comes the elsewhere about the goat sent to Azazel. question, did the Hebrews transfer from the winter solstice (December), to the vernal equinox (March), the Egyptian rites relating to the murder of Osiris by Typhon (the old
approach hhn again,
and they
back instead
rites,
Amon, the great Mediatorial Egyptians ? The nature of the great Christian
and the question
St.
to
whom
made,
xiii.,
rest
on the answer
states the
Eam-Lamb was
No
doubt the
is
Byblus, otherwise
Gebal,
Phoenicia,
is
a port of the
Mediterranean,
nearly
opposite
Mount
Libanus,
from
which the
about
"
110
250 miles
at
the
direction
the sun
sets
the winter solstice, so that the Phoenicians, while observing the " wounding " of the sun at the vernal equinox
when
rising
due
east,
Thus
saw
St.
Cyril
memory
of the
In the
first
place,
it
will
be borne in mind,
it
is
related
(Mars or
Adonis
red
at the vernal
was really supposed to be so coloured by the blood of, or in sympathy for, Adonis. The appearance of the redness in and, as the river (like the "Pved" Sea) at this season
already stated, a traveller has seen
signal for
it
recently
'Was
the
celebrating the Adonia, or lament for Adonis. " It was not lawful,' states Taylor, "to omit the observTaylor goes on to state, " great ance of them."
lamentations were
made
at
this
country
(to
they
cried
dreadfully,
ment and
Bell's
"At
cries of
Fa7itheun,
" flutes,
emitting
melancholy sounds,
Adonis" Tammuz,
being wounded by
Arawn, Arthur,
"
&c.,
"when
Mars
" Pluto.
in imitation of
" The women appeared with shaven heads the sun's rayless condition. " The common
who dwelt
it
Ill
on December 20th, had sent an Ark" not box " made of bulrushes, or of the Egyptian papyrus, containing a letter,
alive,"
been found and some say the figure of a babe, like our Taliesin Then, after the arrival of the Ark in the coracle, in it.
commenced throughout The lamentations are the same solar rites the country. as the Saturnalia, and the merry-making the same as the Bacchanalia of the Komans and of other nations,
of bulrushes, the festivities of joy
and
of the
"new"
sun,
referred to
is
Myses or Moses.
What
both in Palestine and in Egypt the death of the old sun on a mountain, and his "renewed" birth, forty
hours
were celebrated there at the time of the untold ages before the death of Jesus at that Passover,
later,
The
figures
by
St.
Paul in the following verses, to denote the death and " Knowing this, that our old
man
&c.,)
is crucified (as
Saturn,
put ofi", concerning the former conversation, the old man, which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts." Eph. iv., 22.
vi.,
with him."
Bom.
Osiris,
Wren,
titles of
December
hence the bad character given by the Apostle to the "old man." "' For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ
though He was rich, yet for your sakes He became poor" (like the Wren) " that ye through His poverty might
that,
be rich."
After the resurrection, accord2 Cor. viii., 9. ing to St. Paul's words, " Grod hath highly exalted Him,
112
and given Him a Name" (M/) " wliieli is above every name." Phil, ii., 9. The frontal of the crown of the '' crowned Babe " of Drnidism (vide the three points of the crown of the human figm-e in the Arms of Dunwich), and perpetuated as the three feathers in the diadem of Wales.
Now, the Welsh name of Severn is Havryn, and Dr. The Welsh Owen Pnghe states it signifies a gelded goat.
for goat is
Gavr.
There
is
Havrvn
the
to lead
it
one
to suppose the
name
itself
had any
reference in
to such a condition.
to
We
and
infer, therefore,
consequence
was
associated.
en),
Hav
the
the
Welsh name
of
of
termination
Havryn,
called
birth."
birth
of
Therefore
Havryn
signifies,
the
summer.
Huv
Havgan
is
(Bright
Hav)
Icn,
is
the
Druidic Bacchus,
who
is
also
called
Gwy
meaning
Warm
Dew, and he
warm
humidity of the
the sun, for all
atmosphere.
signifies
was regarded as being one of the Creator's emanations The name Havryn was, as it passing through the sun.
appears,
given to
the
Severn because
it
indicates
the
direction, to those in
reappears as
Hu Gadam
morning
in
Taliesin on the
Solar
New
Year's
Day
For a similar reason Welsh, Caer Loyw, or Shining We do Enclosure, for, primarily, Caer means Enclosure. not believe Caer Loyw has derived its Welsh name from In a.d. 52, Caractacus, and the whole of the Claudius. British forces under his immediate command, were stationed (December 22nd),
is
in the South-East.
Gloucester
called,
113
of
Rome
The Roman commander, Ostorius, dared not attack the Welsh British general in front, but outflanked him by crossing the Severn from England below the Wye to Caldicott Pill. It is highly
about eighteen months, or
improbable, therefore, Gloucester received
the
is its
name
after
The "Glou" in the name of Claudius Caesar. Welsh Gloyw, corrupted. The termination is from In the Itinerary of Antoninus the Latin Castrai, a Camp. Richard of Cirencester's work is proved it is spelt Glevum. to be a forgery, therefore we take no notice of his "Glowi." It was the common practice of the Romans to associate Welsh British names with the names of their Stations, as Caerwent became Venta Silurum, Isca for Gwysc (Usk), Caer Loyw, therefore, is, we think, conclusively a &c. Pre-Roman name of the City on the Severn. At Tewkesbury (" Tew " is the Welsh Duw, God) there is an immense
name
the
mount on top of which the Beltan in honour of Teutates (Duw Dad God the Father) was wont to be kindled. As stated already, the Holy Name of the Creator Celi, apart
illustratively,
thus
\l/
pointed to the
The Hero is Arawn (Aaron ?) Alawn and Gwron (Hero) known also as Saturn, Arthur, Tammuz, Adonis, St. It is well known that old Saturn on George, &c. December 20th was said to be gelded, meaning the
sun had been at that season deprived of his
virile
Avagddu (Mars
of Adonis
power by "groin"
who obeyed
their
mentioned condition. They worshipped Saturn, and Saturday was their " Day of Rest," in mournful celebration of his
114
annual " rest
Annwn, on each December 21st, each year, during forty The sun enters the sign of Capricornus (Groat) on December 22nd, but it is quite evident that, Hke some other
liours.
hooked or joined the preceding Zodiacal sign of the Archer to that of Capricornus or Goat, and
therefore, the sun
that,
though a Hero
still,
112),
states,
and the
ears, as well
human
body, together
is
In Bell's Pantheon
it is
stated
drawn by
him.
and leopards, and with goats surrounding The tigers and leopards symbolise his heroic qualities.
Young J^sculapius (another figure of the young sun), is said to have come from the e^g of a crow (Coronis), which signifies that he came at his birth from Chaos and Night, or Annwn (Hades). In Welsh, the West of England is still
Gwlad-yr-Havryn (Country of the Gelded Goat), because it borders on the Severn, which seems to have been
called
sacred to both the old sun of the dying year and the infant
sun of the
new
year.
It
it appears, the setting of the sun from Wessex at the winter solstice, v^hen rites relating to the annual event were observed. The sun follows the course of the Severn (Havryn) in his descent at the winter solstice, and hence the Severn is called Havryn, or the Gelded Goat. As St. George, he is, later in the day
(December 20th), in the south-west of the Severn Sea, and beyond'its junction with the Cardigan Bay, fighting heroic-
115
dragon of
Annwn
or Hades.
284), that
George and
Tammuz
The connection
Drama, is implied in the chronicles of Walter de Mapes Arthur is introduced as and Geoffrey of Monmouth. " There is a Llyn (Lake) near the Severn (Havryn) saying,
called
all
flows
it
at
the
tide
of
fl.ood,
it
increase
tain,
swells
up
like a
moun-
and pours
it
stands near
at this time,
risk of being
overwhelmed." Some think this allusion is to the Severn " Bore " influx caused by more water rushing into the
Severn from the Atlantic than the
flanking the Severn can admit into
various
waterways
when the violent influx takes place. a "Lake near the Severn," and not
the Severn
itself.
We
is to
oj)posite Dunwich Din Wych (Grand Hill) 98 miles N.E. of London. It is the opposite of Gwyllionwy, which is the sea of the setting sun, while Lli-Onwy refers to the rising sun. Vide Dunwich and the story of the Crowned Babe, pp. 66-7. The violence of the
England,
Suffolk,
sea at
Dunwich
is
such that
its
it
its
churches
its
and convents,
streets."
ruined
haven, and
swallowed up
Now, as to the meaning of the names of these Llyns or Lakes in Druidic mythology, namely Llyn Gwyllionwy, and Llyn Llionwy Gwyllionwy is compounded of the following words Gwyll (Darkness), Ion (the Creator), H 2
:
116
and
Wy
Gwy
(Water)
therefore, the
name
signifies the
the sea
of the
Dark Waters of the Creator, and it beyond the mouth of the Severn, in the
refers to
direction
South West, where the sun sinks or gets into it on the darkest and shortest day of the year (December 20th),
compared ''house"
lows:
to
in the water.
LHonwy
is
compounded
and
as fol-
Lli
Gwy
(Flood),
from
(Water)
On
(Perennial),
Wy
mutated
or Flood.
the Perpetual
Water Flow
of
We
by the Britons
on the
life.
first
and Yoni) preserved from decay during winter. In the Triads we read of the master works of the island of
ciples (Linga
viz building the ship which carried in it a male and female of every species, when the lake of Llionwy burst forth and the second great achievement was drawing the Beaver (Avanc) to land by the Oxen of the Many
Britain,
:
High
in
Hills.
The
Atlantic,
Severn,
the
river
Styx
of
LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
*IEE
117
in
Both dual
and south-west
Let not the reader confound the Bozrah to the east In another page we
signifies,
of the
stated
name "She
of
of Silbury Hill
is
name of Worcester is Wrangon). The last word is a compound of two words VTr mutated from Gwr (man and manly) it is an intensitive, and is used like the Latin Fi>, and signifies a being endowed with power. It was used by
ancient
Druidic
The Caer-Wrangon
(Enclosure
titles
of
God
The
is
the
Gwr
above.
The second word of the compound is spelt " migon," There is no such word in the Welsh language, and, evidently, it is
a mutilated word.
It
what Plutarch
(the sun), the
Alawn of Druidism
same as
and
meaning the sun in spring, as a mediator between Ormuzd (sun in summer) and Ahriman, the power of Death dominant in winter (Volney's, p. 112, and note 66). 'Wr-Ryngon seems to imply, the Power or Manly Power between us and the Devil or the destroyer, and was applied to the young sun on his reappearance, returning, crowned, from Hades, or Annwn, on December 22nd, over Dunwich and Worcester. The great mound, called "Barrow," near Worcester, and another near Tewkesbury, were the exact spots on the border of Wales the great mound at Dunwich, Suff'olk, another and the great mound near the Temple of Avebury, Wilts, a fourth. Probably the said
118
Caers, or enclosures, were, originally, Druidic circular " churches," where the young sun was welcomed, on each
the
this
new
Bozrah
" Who
is
gar-
This that
is
speak
mighty
to
save.
Wherefore
art
thou
that
red
in
thine
him
the sea
allusion to
his
him by
the Prince of
Pluto,
Avagddu, &c., that sea was named the Red Sea. It was called *' Red " for the same reason that the river Adonis, issuing from Mount Libanus, and entering the Mediterranean at Byblus, was called " red," viz., that the sun-god, as
was supposed, had bled into it. In the Red Sea, Ced (Cetus) often symbolised as an Ark, and often as a great fish, whale, and sometimes as a dolphin (Delphus womb) had
own
him
body.
After bearing
him
Ced
delivers
in the south-east,
and he rushes up
up from Edom-Bozrah
and from the sea opposite Dunwich, in England-having been rejuvenated, and to increase in power for another encounter with the power of darkness and decay. It appears the Hebrews regarded the '' new " sun as still old Saturn, and
they would not acknowledge the truth of the poetical myth,
young sun was a " new" one, in the sense we say new " moon. In the 13th verse of the abovementioned chapter, Isaiah seems to have had the Zodiacal
that the
now
a "
119
Archer and Horse the Zodiacal sign from Novemher 23rd to December 22nd before his mind. Isaiah asks where " that led them through the deep, (and) as a horse is he
in the wilderness, that they should not stumble."
shall, in
But we
the
Red
Calmet, in " Bezer," or his Dictionary of the Bible, under the word Bozrah, has the following, after stating a ship was one of
to treat of
when we come
them.
the
emblems
of
Bozrah,
he goes on to remark
"
It
of,
if
not
in,
a desert, yet
(Ark
120
CHAPTER
HE
X.
Cain and Seth pedigrees in Genesis are not human ones at all, but solar ones, drawn up
after the fashion of
human
pedigrees.
That of
is the Nine Signs of the Zodiac, beginning with Aries (Ram), and concluding, for the purpose of the diluvian solar allegory, with the Archer and Horse, the Ninth Sign,
Seth
and continued
into
Capricornus
signifying
(Goat),
which
is
the
signifies in
and both
signify Ced,
and
Isis I., of
Egypt.
The Hama,
Adam
(Sun
Ad
by the seven lamps of the Golden Candlestick, while the twelve signs of the Zodiac were symbolised by the twelve In the Holy Place the seven lamps loaves of shewbread.
stood on the south side the gloomy region of the heavens
and
line,
the
north
side
the
bright
being the line passing over the Golden Altar of Incense, and running east and west, the " line " indicating the middle equatorial passage, running from west to east through the middle of both the Holy Place and the Holy
of Holies.
the sun (June 21), and ending with the sun as old Saturn
(Dec. 20), with Mercury, the Minister of God, in the middle
121
(March
:
21).
Adam
Enoch
Adam
1
Sefcli
Adam
Abel
2 Cain 3
Enos
Symbol
of the Destroyer.
22
sons of Noah, respectively occupy the following positions: Japheth is the sun on the longest day (June 21st) in the
sky Shem is Mercury in the eastern sky (March 21st); and Ham is Saturn in the southern sky (December 20th). Saturn, the old sun, at the end of his annual return downwards to the south, finishes his annual work in the sixth planetary point of the ecliptic, enters into his " rest " on the seventh day -the day of Saturn
northern
meaning
Saturday
the
the
Archer-Goat
period,
is
or
December
21st,
the
Gentile world
the
close
the solar
year
in
Druidism on December 20th at Sunset. It was not the Almighty "resting" the idea is absurd the Druids
meant, but
personified
it
was a
poetical figure in
of
reference to the
abstraction
also
the
Deity,
symbolised by a
the corporeal body
Wren, and
moment
of the old sun was being annihilated in the heaven by Avagddu, otherwise Typhon, Pluto, Dio, Ahriman, Siva,&c., and entered into his " rest " at sunset, on each December
Ced (Cetus or Der Ketos), his great Mother, in the South Western Ocean. As repeatedly stated, various figures were employed to denote Ced, namely Ark (instead of Tebah or Cow for it would have been too absurd to represent the Cow as taking him to the sea of
20th, in
:
Annwn
or
circle)
Cetus and
Saithwedd
Seven Featured)
Septimianus by
the
Romans
and
123
named
Ninius,
Deo
Nisios, Naus,
Deva
Naus, Gwydd
Let us now,
Naw
in the
name
of Eternal Truth,
"the
eldest
Son of Grod," proceed to examine the Scriptural narrative of the Deluge. As stated already, Tebeth and Tebah the
to
former
name
signify both
for
it
Cow and
ark or tub
to
before
ark.
came
be
Now
Tebeth
the Jewish
and that
name of the tenth month of the sacred year, month corresponds with December (Old Style).
Let us now turn to the narrative of Noah's Deluge. The Ark rested on the seventh month, on the seventeenth The earth, as the sacred Tebah (cow day of the month.
or Ark), "resting," signifies her fermentation
had ceased
for the year. That is in the month Tishri, coresponding the with our September (Old Style), Medi of the Druids
autumnal equinox when male and female in Britain, and when two of each species have dropped into the earth (cow), considered as a sacred
ark of safety.
"
And
:
month
first
the waters decreased continually, until the tenth December), "on the in the tenth month" (Tebeth
seen.
And
it
came
to pass at
"that Noah opened the window of the ark" And he sent forth a raven (Tebah) which he had made which went forth to and fro until the waters were dried up from off the earth. Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the
(forty hours)
: :
ground
of her
124
foot,
and she returned unto him in the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth then he put forth his hand and took her and pulled her in unto him in the arkAnd he stayed yet other seven days and again he sent
:
And
the dove
came
to
him
evening
and,
lo,
in her
mouth was an
olive leaf
pluckt off: so
off the earth.
and
more.
And
it
came
hundredth and
fii^st
month"
(Nisan, corresponding
first
day
earth
of the
:
off
the
and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dry."
In Calmet's Biblical Dictionary,
it is
stated the
name
of
Noah's wife was Neuratio, according to the Syro-Chaldean, and in Syriac the name signifies Fire (Heat), hence Pyrrah, or Fire, is said by the Greeks to have be3n the wife of Deucalion (Duw-Celi-on of Druidism), which name signifies Etymologically, it signifies the Creator the Most High. the Everlasting God Who is Hiding. But when it is stated that Heat was the wife of Deucalion, and also of Noah, the old sun, as Deucalion, is confounded with the Almighty himself, and, by identifying Deucalion with Noah, it is
:
is
whether
Saturn, or young, as
Hu
Gadarn.
No doubt
Heat was regarded as the varied emanations of the Creator and his
125
In Druidism, the name of the earth, as the consort of November and December is the old sun, in winter
is
identical
nurse of Semele
spring.
By
is
an emanation of Ced,
body of the sun identical with the Eternal Father himself, from whom that divinity is an abstraction. Both the father, Celi, and the mother, Ced, never grow old.
the
old
sun
of
has
for
his wife
when
the
used
as a
personification
like
would be the wife of Noah, or the old sun. But the male divinity within the Ark, which divinity is symbolised by the body and wings of the white dove, was to be the husband of Neuratio, or Pyrrah (Heat), whose name, as a virgin wife, is Venus (the conceiving power of the earth on March 21st),
being the daughter of Ced. But to return to the Scriptural narrative. The " six hundred and one years " of Noah are
the six months of winter, between September 23rd and
March
21st.
in
hundred years
the
o'clock, December 20th, to 8 o'clock on the morning of December 22nd shunted to the vernal equinox by either The Druids taught that, the Phoenicians or the Hebrews. during the said forty hours, the old sun was in his " grave," otherwise in the womb of Ced, his mother, whom the Ark symbolised. In the Biblical narrative, we discover two solar The first day of the first month of allegories intermixed.
first
day of the
first
when
126
Then
all
refers, as
appears,
month,
called
Ve Adar,
named
"
The Second."
to this
The
seedlings,
two of every
species,
is
Ark
and
a coffin
so
it
named (Arch)
in pairs.
day
in the
Welsh language
leave
?
But what
is
In
much
creation
God
as
;
Light was.
The raven
symboHsed the cause of night the white dove symbolised The dove symbolised the cause of light from the sun.
Adonis,
or, in
Druidism,
" as a
Hu
returning "renewed
an absence
Ark in the body of his mother, Ced, during the beforementioned forty hours.
The raven was a symbol of Night, Day, and both came from the mother Ark, The said forty hours correspond with the
'*'
gods
"
is
said to have
been absent,
viz.,
Arawn,
Osiris, Adonis,
Bacchus, &c.
lona
(Jonah), which
Jesus, forty
means
"days"
from
the waters of Jordan lona, or Jonah, three days and nights in the hollow of Ketos (whale), Cetus, or Ced; Jesus, in
his stone grave in a garden from sunset
on Friday
until
would
"days" on earth
l27
December 22nd.
The conclusion
is is
is
not
that
Noah
Bacchus.
Silenus
is
Everybody
gods.
recollects
Noah's intoxication.
Apollo and Bacchus are said to have been two brother Apollo was the heat of the sun
;
nourishment
to vegetation,
and
therefore,
paternity.
Divinity in the
The Dove coming out of Noah's Ark is the young sun of the new year, and is identical
Jonah, we repeat,
is
with the white dove Adonis of other nations, and the wren of
the Druids.
is
lona, a dove
and lona
in
Der Ketos
Jonah
he
was
Ketos or Ced.
Jonah
states
went
Sheol or Hades, in the sea of which Ketos (Ced), " Nineveh " consort of the Creator, was said to roam.
128
We
from
vol.
iii.,
p.
735 of the
"Fragments" added
Noah
In the Water
Is Preserved
Jonah
[n the
Jesus
In the Earth
Is
Water
Is Preserved
Preserved
By Divine Power
In his Ark
In which he was
1
By Divine Power
In the Whale In which he was
1
By
Divine Power
In his
Tomb
first
In which he was
Part of a
Part of a year
Part of a
first
day
a
day
a
The whole
of
The
whole of
The whole
second day
of
second year
3
second day
3
The beginning of a
third year.
The beginning of a
third day
The beginning of a
third day
other
striking
agreements,
until sunrise
on Sunday,
As the Word
protection
at
of
God
in
sunset
consort of the Creator, in the sea of the elements, and leaving her with renewed powers at sunrise on
December
22nd, that
Word was
name
Ion (Leader-Lord).
Virgin, on
December 22nd,
or,
Calendar, on Dec.
We
maintain
the
Noah's dove departing from the Ark signifies the birth of Word of God from the Black Virgin, Ced (Cetus or Der Ketos), Delplms (Womb, of the Greeks), S3^mbolised
by the Ark, or Tebah, of Noah
of
!
Some
or
the
Dagon Dag-Nau in
say the
:
129
Noah
(old sun), or
fish,
Dagon was
emerging out of
mouth;
young sun,
"Great ships," states Hesychius, " were often called Katene, from Ketos (whale)." Berosus,
who was
half
man
and half fish, rose in the Red Sea Ocean is meant by "Red Sea" in the writings of ancient " and came to Babylon, where he taught several authors arts, letters, and astronomy. He then returned to the sea." The meaning of the foregoing appears to be that a priest of the young sun came to Babylon in a Katene (a great That he afterwards ship) and instructed the Babylonians. returned to the Katene, or the great ship, and the name,
sometimes the Indian
(a
out
of
fish
and nightly
Now
is,
in
rendered loan.
is
taken to describe
appearance.
Fish)
states
"And John," Oannes (ManMark, " was clothed with camel's hair, and
Was
this intended
Oannes (Fish-Man) the solar allegory, or, to be more explicit, of Der Ketos of or Cetus (whale) out of which the young sun, Hesus the Mighty, was represented annually as emerging on the John's hairy and skin morning of each December 22nd ? raiment implied the same thing as the hairy and skin
as appearing like the
him
symbols in the eastern front of the tent of the Ark of the Covenant, viz., the Vulva of Ced.
I
130
Among
the
the
path of
to the
morrow
(December 22nd)
the
longest
was
in
drew
line
lives out of
Hades
The
equinoctial
was the River of God and the Lamb, or Aries, where the Creator poured, through the sun in Aries, the chemical
properties necessary to
fertilise
earth.
The
solstitial
colure
line
north
and
south
was
the
the
Jews
to denote
both
At its southern
end is the Dead Sea, which was Israel's symbolical Sheol, Hades, or Hell, pre-figured by Sodom and Gomorrah, the
alleged Cities of the Plain, but they never existed literally,
Annwn,
called
or of Hades, where
to inhabit
new
up
dead,
who formerly
the wicked
the circles of
located in the
of
Anuwn
is
The baptism
it
John
the regener-
ation
of
from the Der Ketos (Dolphin or Whale,) and the Sea of Annwn. The Lord Jesus, referring to his own baptism by John, states: " Verilj-, I say unto you, that ye who have
followed
shall sit
me
in the
regeneration,
of
Man
on
shall sit
131
" Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, *' * And Jesus, when he was to be baptised by him. John baptised, went straightway out of the water"
"and
;
lo,
God descending
like a dove,
the Spirit
and
my
beloved Son,
in
whom
am
well pleased."
are,
last
words added
^''to-day
Dove
among
renewed or regenerated from his mother, Ced in Druidism, and Cetus and Der Ketos, which the Roma.us and Greeks and others erroneously represented as being a whale or dolphin, and others as being Cannes, or Man-Fish, which the Philistines symbolised by Dagon, or Dagaun, and DagNau, a rosy youth emerging from the mouth of a great fish and the fish and the youth so emerging from it were called collectively Dagon, which signifies the same thing as
;
Cannes.
the
youth
is
new sun
by Ced in the water, by the joint influence now spiritually as her husband. We think
repeat again that the
necessary to
young sun was called Hu Gadarn (Hesus the Mighty) by the Druids, and also Arthur, Taliesin, &c. and in the East, Adonis; and in Greece and
;
Rome, Saturn, Bacchus, Apollo, Esculapius; Horus, Osiris, &c. That Dove symbolised
Spirit,
in
Egypt,
the Holy which had escaped out of the old sun, Arawn or Saturn, when, on the afternoon of December 20th forty
I
132
hours before
the
old sun
was
physically annihilated in
Power of Darkness. The body and two wings of the Dove were symbols of \iy which, illustratively, symbolised the Word of God, which the Greeks called Logos, and the Latins Yerbum, and the Druids Gair l)uw.
the air by the
,
But what was the "voice" which is said accompanied the descent of the Dove on the head of Jesus ? Was it not the Bath-Kol of the Talmudists? "The generality," states Calmet, " of Hebrew traditions are founded upon what is called Bath-Kol, which they pretend was the Voice of God, as being the mode the Almighty communicated with them after prophecy had ceased. The Bath-Kol," he continues, " as Dr. Prideaux shows, was a
fantastical
way
among
the heathen."
that in
Daughter of the Voice." It will be remembered Druidism there is a saying "The Voice of God is
is
the
Anima Mundi
As already mentioned, the Ark, the Wren, the Shrine and the Beaver, symbolised, in Druidism, the same allegorical fancies of the Druids and other religionists, as did John (Cannes) in the Jordan, and the Dove descending into the head of the Sun of Kighteousness, immediately after his
otherwise Cannes, the Man-Fish
regeneration in the waters of the Jordan, out of John, the " Man " being the
;
of Cod, Cetus, or
to be
"Man"
is
Was
Hebrews
But
133
Talmud was an
invention,
and
''
a fantastical
way
of divination "
common
whilst
to both
Jews
the
and
act
G-entiles.
descends into
of
He
is
in
emerging from Oannes (John) and the waters Were the Bath-Kol of the Hebrews and the Sortes Virgiliange of the Heathen derived from the Druidic teaching that the Voice of G-od is heard in the
of the Jordan.
Then succeed
Jesus's
he
Sea of Annwn.
From
John
"Man "-Fish, or whale, or, sometimes, a dolphin [Delphus Womb] and a rosy youth leaving its mouth,)
(the
and the dove appearing at the same moment are identical with the dove leaving the Ark of Noah the dove welcomed by the Syrians with the invoca;
Dove
The
restorer of light
;
"
!
with
emerging from the eastern front of the Holy of Holies of the Sanctuary; and with the new sun of the new year ascending from the South-Eastern Sea on the
high
priest,
morning Mighty
of
December 22nd, as
Hu
It will be
Sufferer,
hiding the eastern sanctum sanctorum, rent from the top to the bottom, implying that the Divinity (Dove) of Christ
had escaped
into his
134
skin
enclosing the
Ark
of the
in
Covenant
the
in
that place
symbolised.
The sun
sets
equinox,
the
and he
He
who
constituted, as
it
and John.
It
already explained.
The right-hand
the great fish
received into
emblem
an interval of forty
of Love,
and comes out again, after hours, renewed. This John also is
of Ced,
it is
alleged Cannes,
th(3
Apostle
was engaged in the fish trade at Jerusalem. The hoods of the clergy and the mitres of the bishops, to this day, are fish emblems. The sun now, during Lent, is in the sign of the Fishes, and it is the reason why fish
is
John, in the
Der Ketos (wliale or dolphin). James, in this arrangement, would correspond with the sun
reference to his relation with
in
the
vernal
in the
summer
solstice, that
In the
of the
of souls.
and A -wen (the Muse) the instrument in the regeneration James would be the chief of the physical or
135
was
he,
and not
In
who
God
is
called
Awen,
literally
White
The
Roman Alphabet was called Coelbren-y-Myneich, or, of the Monks. The Awen is named Awen Hevin, or, the Spirit of God at the Summer Solstice. The symbol is understood as
descending from the sun then, thus V.
startling confirmation of
viz.,
The
following
is
what we
is scientifically
when
the
day of
21st,)
Pentecost "
(Whitsuntide, or
"And summer
all
solstice,
June
"was
fully
with
And
the
And
like as of fire
filled
And
they were
sat
not "Ghost,"
is
began
up his
gave them
utterance.
voice,
and
Ye men
by the Holy Spirit through the instrumentality of Peter's "voice." Whitsuntide is called in Welsh Sal Gwyn or Holy Sun. It was believed by the Druids that
the sun had attained his highest northern ascension
all
when
that
was focussed
in him,
and
earth was then being garnished, and the souls of the good
perfected through the agency of the sun;
is
the very
time
at
l36
(June 21st,)
the
altar
the
the
first
beam
of light
strikes
will
in
temple
of
Stonehenge.
be
employed
it
to describe the
festation
singular "
collectively.
Thus
to
be understood the
centre.
It
cloven
common
appears
and
is still,
Jew
still
wears
In Druidism there
or Evil, and
is
is also
A Nursing
Awen.
Darkness,
The Awen
(White A) and the A-ddu (Black A) are precisely identical Dove (no doubt white), and the Ptaveu (black), of the Noahic allegory. Probably, the Druidic original ideas having been lost, the Greeks declared that Jupiter had let loose two "doves" from the extremities of the earth^north and south, the zenith and the nadir of the celestial meridian and that they met at the shrine of the Oracle at Delphi, meaning the middle of the surface of the round earth, above the rational horizon, otherwise, on the summit of Mount
with the
Meru (Marw
in India
137
CHAPTER
HE
Taliesin.
XI.
who
one
x4.ll
the
titles
of
most interesting manner, the influence which Biblical literature had already exercised on the British Druids of his The bard, who evidently was a Christianised Druid, time.
writes as
if
whom
he
Am
I to
Elphin/
original country
And my
Cherubim.
the names of the stars From the North to Awster. I have been in the Circle of
I
know
Odin*
Tetragrammaton
I
;
"''
Will
call
me
Taliesin.
was fully nine months In the womb of Ccridwen I was Gwyion heretofore, Taliesen am I now. I was with my Ner* In the superior state,
I
was was
in
When Absalom
I
Canaan was
slain
in the Court
Dan
;
On
I
Elijah
and Enoch
When
To
Lucifer did
fall
was on the place of the Cross" Of the Son of the Merciful God!
' Awen, and the same as Alpha. Water Man Born from the Water.
;
'^
signifies, literally,
Ner, which
means
Strength).
Gwidian, Gwyddon, or Odin is said to he the Tetragrammaton, or the unutterable Name, or Word, of God. ^ We are inclined to believe it should be Deon, a title of the Sun in the "Vale "of the southern heavens, on the shortest day from " De " (South) and " On " (ever living). " Vran "
*
;
*>
"Van"
(place).
138
I
have been chief Keeper of of Nimrod's Tower; I have been in the three Circles' And the Enclosure of EirianEod.
The work
have been on the White Hillock/^ In the Court of Cynvelyn, In fetters a year and a day. I have been for profit In the Kingdom of the Trinity ;I It is
Before
I
not
known what
flesh or fish."
is
my
built;
body
am come
To
I
Whether
I
was with my Rhen" In the manger of the She Ass. I strengthened Moses Through the water of Jordan.*"
To
I
have been Instructor the whole Universe shall remain till the day of
;
doom
On
Firmament AVith Mary Magdalen;"
I
have been in
tlie
Above the
have been gifted with genius From theCauldron of Ceridwen I have been Bard of the Harp
And
Circle of the Zodiac, that continues revolving Between three elements. It is not a wonder to the world
I
To the Thane
of
Denmark.
cannot be cooped up
By Alpha the beginning is meant the White Dove as the Spirit of God beginning the New Year (Noah the Old Sun). The Britons. ^ " Rhen (God). " The Bard, in tliis instance, wrong in Biblical History\ ^^ In Welsh, Lady Day is called Gwyl Vair y Cyhydedd, which signifies the Festival of Mary of the Equinoctial line, the earth being then in
'' **
the Constellation Virgo or Virgin. The old Bard avoids heresy by saying the Sun was in the heavens with another Mary^Mary Magdalene. 1 - Holy Mound, or, literally, Whitehall. The Sun is called CynvN (The First), Cynvelyn is Cyn Bclin, or the First Belus. ^ Llogawd, in the original, is from L16g(l)enefit) and Awd (opportune). The Ancients believed the Sun brought souls, and a supply of fermenting essence, within him, on his return from Annwn or Hades on the morning of the New Year, hence the liabe Bacchus shown with a skin wine-bottle on his shoulder. The expression " in fetters a year and a day" is incomprehensible, unless it implies the "shutting" of the Gorsedd authority for " a year and a day," still obsi^rved by the Bards. It implies the same thing as the Septennial Act of Parliament when the authority of the Country vested in the House of Commons is dissolved, and a fresh appeal is made to the Country. Taliesen refers, here, to himself as the Prime Minister of Britain circumscribed by the law during a "year and i* In the East a day." the Sun"s Mother was represented to be Der Ketos (a great fish), hence the Bard's allusion to the nature of the substance of the Sun's body. t He speaks here as the priest on earth. See p. 426.
=>
139
is
Druidic
viz.,
titles
Tal
(lofty)
The
following
is
to be
is
and Mythology of
the
"In those times Gwydd-No's weir stood out in the beach between Dovey and Aberystwyth, near his own castle." Bortli facing Cardigan Bay is meant.
was usual to take fish to the value of a hundred pounds every year upon the eve of the 1st of May.
it
Gwydd-No (old sun) had an only son named Elphin, who had been a most unfortunate and necessitous young man (poor as the wren). This was a great affliction to his father, who began to think that he had been born in an evil hour. His counsellors, however, persuaded the father to let the son have the drawing of the weir on that year, by way of experiment, in order to prove whether any good fortune would ever attend him, and that he might have something
to begin the world.
the weir
" The coracle, covered with skin, was opened, and the
opener, perceiving the forehead of an infant, said to Elphin ' Behold, Tahesin '" or Lofty Esus.
!
It is
customary
is
to translate Taliesin
lofty,
But Tal
and lesin
140
THE LIGHT OF
-nRITANNlA.
Hu-an (Annecld
shocking
error
too
Ceridwen Wrach, Ceridwen the " Hag." Wrach is compounded of Gwr (manly or brave) and ach (characteristic),
and simply means the masculine energy of the Goddess. \Yhy she is described as a fury will be seen farther on.
The
Tammuz.
in
The
March
" in
is,
doubt-
corruption
of
Hu
(pronounced Hee).
is
Directly
Arklow
is
Welsh
Archie,
or. Place of the Ark. Arklow has been spelt Arklogh and Alercomshed. The last compound is made up of the following words, Al (sun), ere (ark), om (omen), shed (to protect or ward off).
No
George's Channel
141
is
George
is
identical with
Arthur, and
one of the
titles of
November 23rd
and the
to
wind being favourable was directed to the Welsh coast at Borth, Aberdovey, Cardigan Bay, a distance of about eighty
miles in a straight line from Archie or Arklow.
b.d., in his
was enclosed
that
iu
an ark of bul-
therein
they signified
Adonis,
whom
they
The
and ceremonies, committed to the sea, forthwith it was by the stream to Byblus," a distance of about 250 miles; "and upon the receipt whereof the lamentation of the women was turned into joy." Others
performance of certain
rites
carried
state the
in the
reader
will
that
Osiris
was
killed
The by Typhon
Ark.
(Avagddu) his brother, who enclosed him in a box, and threw the box and its contents into the Nile. It was carried to sea. The goddess Isis found the box, and Osiris in it, on the coast of Phoenicia, where Byblus is situated. Typhon stole the box, whilst it was being carried by Isis
and gave the body of Osiris to be eaten by his hellish companions Osiris is the sun at the summer solstice. Here Adonis seems to be the sun at the vernal equinox. Both are, in reference to the tragedy,
to
Memphis
in Egypt,
Tammuz,
142
Now, on
is
At its eastern end is shown, to this day, a spot called the Grave of Tahesiny and a village close by is named Taliesin. The said Morass of Voch-No was, in ancient times, covered by high tides, and, indeed, until the present railway bank was cona vast morass called Cors
structed, the high tides entered
It will
it.
Voch-No.
have been observed that the name Gwydd-No and Voch-No have the same termination. That "No " means
Ninth
is
identical with
Saidwrn
and called also Saithun Veddw (drunk), and is identical also with Silenus, the foster-father of Bacchus, or the sun as the
fermentor of the earth's juices.
of
Saithun
is
the foster-father
Gwylon Bach,
The Druidic
priests
Seven Gods
of Phoenicia,
in his annual
annual
The name Voch-No implies a place sacred to the Swine, when in the Ninth sign of the Zodiac. That inlet or cove of Cardigan Bay was, evidently, in ancient Druidic times, on March 21st, sacred to the Arkite
or priests, of the sun,
and Arkle, in the west, on the Irish coast, corAdonis responded in significance with Alexandria, which is southwest from Byblus, Phoenicia, where (Alexandria) Adonis
;
143
same
from Arkle, on the coast of Irehmd, and arriving in a coracle, covered with a skin, at the weir of Gwydd-No Garau Hir (Long Shanks,
as
find Taliesin sent as a babe
we
and Dadi Long Legs of folk-lore, and the three " legs " of the Seal and Arms of the Isle of Man authorities) between the Dovey and Aberystwyth.
It will
be remembered that on
it
Mount Libanus,
to the
On
Voch-No
is
shown,
to
grave of Taliesin
it
his birth,
from the
coracle,
one of the representations of Ced (Cetus or Der Ketos), one of whos9 emblems in Druidism is the Llong Voel or the Mastless
Ship or Ark.
The
No,
It
is
The sun of the old year, as Gwydd-Naw or feigned to be old at his death (December 20th), and
called both
Saidwrn and Silenus or Seithun Veddw (drunk). would appear the Druids did not always observe the
applied the
also at his
and and
the same way as we name Adonis both to young sun of the new year.
find the
the old
a remarkable divergence here from the correct ancient usao;e of the Druids of Britain in observino-.
is
But there
by a section of those of Wales, the death of the old sun and his new birth, at the vernal equinox, instead of at the
winter solstice, or December 20th and 22nd respectively. know the Phoenicians were, during many centuries,
We
144
Britain,
and they appear to have so influenced some of the Druids as to induce them to adopt the period of their
Adonia, instead of their own most ancient British correct one
the period
of the winter
solstice
as
those of
title
new birth of the sun under his The name of the Morass of Yoch-No,
of
or
Naw
sun from the time of the vernal equinox, or the (November 23rd till
December 22nd), although, for the reason given above, they came to observe them the same time of the year as the Phoenicians did. But the fact of the innovation proves the Phoenicians came to exercise great influence in Britain. must not forget to mention that Gwydd-No is surnamed Garau Hir, or Long Shanks, a way of describing the apparent long strides the personified sun is travelling across As illustrating the heavens from his rising to his setting.
the fog of ignorance in which writers on this subject have
We
been groping,
may be mentioned
'*
Grarau
Long
or
High Crane
to us a startling confirmation of
legend.
The
following
what the Rev. Robert Williams states in Welshmen," vtde " Taliesin." His authorities are lolo Jones's Bardic Museum, 19 MSS., pp. 459. 467 Myv. Arch, ii., 19. We Guest's Mahinogion, vol. iii. omit those parts about Taliesin fishing, &c., which are evidently simply excrescences which have grown on the
;
145
of the allegory in ilie course of many centuries. We may state that Urien, his alleged patron, aj^pears to be " Yr Huan " (Sun), here signifying the ohl sun of the preceding
day, Urien
is
said to
Like the sun at the longest have returned to the North, "where
'
As we have shown,
and son,
An Irish pirate ship seized him To proceed with Taliesin. and bore him away towards Ireland, but while his captors
"
drunken mirth, Taliesin pushed and got into it himself with a shield in his hand, which he found in the ship (coracle), and with which he rowed the coracle until he approached the land. But, losing his shield (sail), he was tossed about at the mercy of the waves, until at length the coracle stuck to the
were
at the height of their
Gwydd-No (Naw
or Nine), at
it
Aberdyvi, Wales."
It will
was as a babe he was found in the coracle in the weir. The "shield" referred to is the skin which covered the coracle, and doubtless part of it was arranged so as to serve The myrmidons of Annwn (Hades as a small sail. Ireland), which in the allegory sought to destroy the old
was stated
it
are
converted
into
drunken Irishmen by
later
scribes wdio
Undoubtedly the strange legend about the Land Beneath Welsh " Cantre'r Gwaelod " (the Hundred
at this spot, is
au echo
Annwn
146
on the shortest day, and afterwards, as we have seen and explained, at the vernal equinox, from the east to Ireland in the west of the said locality of
at his setting, originally
now spell the name Drunken Seithynun " (Silenus) is said to disaster of the Hundred of the Lower
is
we state elsewhere, particularly where we " the place of a skull," that the sun was often deal with referred to throughout the Gentile world as a " Head." In Professor Rhys's Sibbert Lectures, Ed. 1888, p. 96, the learned Cymro quotes from ancient lore the story of the miraculous head of Bran, who had gone to Ireland with his head on right enough, being brought back without the
It will
be seen
body
to
Harlech,
where the
is
society
of
the
head was
of the
pleasant.
"Bran"
yr
evidently
Ab
yr
Huan (Son
Sun) abbreviated.
l>y
Ab
Huan
(Bran)
is
Hu
Cylch y Ceugant, that is to say, the Almighty, as the Sun of the Highest Heaven or Gwynvyd. And it actually called " Uthr Ben seems, from p. 97, " Uthr Ben"
Dragon
father of
is the humanised same sense as the old sun is the father of the young sun of the new year. In p. 90, Professor Rhys makes the important statement that sometimes in the Celtic mythology visits to Ireland are of course, in a regarded as visits to Hades (Annwn)
"
King Arthur
is
in the direction of
it
was
it
customary for
women
and cast
where the
147
CHAPTER XI
HE
Isle of
J.
Man
(Ap Haul
Son
of the
Sun
Almighty), but
consecrated.
much
before
the
Ynys Manwy.
In Welsh, the Isle of Man is now called Mon is It ought to be spelt Ynys Monwy. the olden name of a Cow in Welsh, and Munwy signifies the Cow of the Water, the termination " wy " being the As might be expected, mutated form of Gwy (Water).
is still
teeming with old Draidic customs, Train, but, in many instances, they have become mixed. quoting Waldron's (Ed. in his Isle of Man, page 124, 1744), &c., states, " The inhabitants of the Island of Lewis
the Isle of IMan
come
their
to the
ale.
One
of
number
Standing
in that posture, he cries wdth a loud voice, saying, Shony, I give you this cup of ale, hoping you will send us plenty of sea ware for enriching our ground for the ensuing year.' He then throws the cup of ale into the sea. This
was performed
at night time.
At the return
of the
man
went to church (Christmas Eye) where there is a candle burning on the altar. Then standing silent for a little time, one of the people gives a signal at which the candle is put out (extinguished), and
immediately
go to the fields where they fall to drinking their ale, and spend the remainder of the night in dancing and singing." Martin, quoted by Ellis. Note in Train's
all
book, page 12
i,
&c.
.1
148
To
again,
this day,
is
John,
identical
signifies, half
Really a great
fish
projecting a child
out of
mouth.
symbol of Ced,
is
masculine.
And
the symbol, made one symbol of the mother and child, and called it Oannes, or John, that is, Man-Fish. How came the mixed fissure to be known in the Isle of Man Like the by the name " Shony," the slang for John ? Baal Fire, called, corruptly, Beltane and Beltein the
termination
should be
tfin
we
is
discover
in
''
Shony
"
an Eastern
error, introduced
The
cup
cup
of
of
ale
libation
sea.
Oannes,
the
foreign
god
ale,
is
of the
But
pure
the
Druidism,
darkness
the
and
the drinking
in
after-
wards,
a sacrament
sun of the new year and the seeds (Satus) of the earth. " On ChristmaF? Eve, the people of the Isle of Man flock to
the churches bearing the largest Candles they can procure,
and producing a brilliant illumination. The churches are all decked with holly, and the service in commemoration of the birth of the Saviour is called " Oiel Verry." Oiel is
evidently 0, Haul! (0, Sun!);
A'erry
is,
apparently, the
signifies
0, True Sun
the birth of
The
the
commemorate
Sun
of Righteousness.
On
symbol?).
On
149
asks
who such
man
or such a
His
called
when
Cutting the Fiddler's Head.' " They were devil worshippers cutting off the " Head," for it signified the Power of
off Saturn's, or
Darkness cutting
"Head."
As
in the
already
titles
intimated,
Taliesin
is
one
in
of the
many
In the
Druidic
same way
told
in Britain precisely
Syria.
we
As
the
are
that he
is
Ceridwen, which
another
and
moon
six days
old,
coracle.
We
God's Consort,
is
now proceed to learn how Ceridwen, or named here Holy Love in the sense a wife
designated
"My
"In
man
of
His name
the
All Lovely,
and
Moel Bald),
Bala Lake,
wife
called Tegid's
Lake
is
Welsh.
"His espoused
was Ceridwen."
This
precisely the
history,
same mistake as we
Isis is said to
where
was
There was a
second
earth
Isis (A^enus),
likewise a second
in
The
spring
exercising
is
the
fecundating
10''
THE
LTGriT OF BRITANNIA.
on March 21st.
Tegid
is
one of
the general
names
of the sun,
and
is
summer
solstice,
and
is
identical
is
with Osiris.
By
stating that
the
we confound
"By
sun
we correct the
he" the Creator, to whom is name Tegid Voel, a title of the old mistake " had a son named Morvran
Night
is
Almighty Celi, and Morvran is identical with Noah's raven " There was also born to them a damsel named Creirwy."'
(orderless
lump).
In Druidic
also,
as well
as
Beginning.
She
is
Hu
Mighty, or Taliesin,
who
is
born afterwards, as
be
shown presently. Those two off:?p rings, Morvran (Night) and Creirwy (created egg) had a brother named Avagddu '* (the first of the trinity of evil causes). Avagddu was the most hideous of beings. Ceridwen, the mother of the black deformed son, concluded in her mind that he would have
but
little
chance
of
being
admitted
into
respectable
company, unless he were endowed with some honourable accomplishment or science for this was the first period of Arthur and the Round Table." Of course, it was the
;
beginning of Creation.
In the above allegorical narrative, the paternal home (trefdad) of Tegid Voel (old sun) is in Ced, otherwise
Annwn
THE
T.TCnT OF BTJTTAXNTA.
1-^)1
same character
the
names, and no doubt a coracle carried a symbolical babe, Taliesin or Tegid, on Bala Lake, as St. George's Channel
did between the Irish coast on the west and that of
Wales
on the
east.
(Suffolk),
solar
New
its
Year.
flows from Bala Lake, and to this day
Dwvr Duw,
or Divine Water.
We
on record that a Welsh army, on its march to avenge the murder of the Welsh students at Bangor-Iscoed,
Flintshire, about
memory
banks, in
memory
is,
of his sacred
The
probability
regarded by the
tradibulls,
masses as sacred.
tions
about
beavers, &c.
ancient solar
of the
To proceed
Then Ceridwen
is
emanation of
Night
"a
cauldron
of
Awen and
Gwybodau."
^
See
Corinthians
x., 1
4.
152
It will be observed
called
the other A-wen, or white A, that middle of the compound " Avagddu "
holy A.
In the
is
magu, with u
(e) left
Magu
former page.
Both A's
sets
the black
Annwn
or Hades,
down
in the south
We observe here the Druids regarded Avagddu, called also Sea Crow, as the brother of the Sun, precisely as the Pagan
Komans
said
Pluto
which has
master minds of
all
nations.
settled
the
One and all his angels were hurled out of heaven. But then, we are met with the puzzling questions, " How"
did the evil and,
spirit,
"If
it
impossible for
it
to
break
among
?
who
not a
"
According to
the place
is
What is most astonishing in the story of Ceridwen and the cauldron is, that she, the Consort of the
one.
place for
deformed son Avagddu, and not for Tahesin, her lovely boy, who, in spring, would receive the
title
uncreated.
He, however, was yet Avagddu (Night) was Ceridwen's first born,
and, therefore, she was rather partial to him, ugly and black
153
The Sun was uncreated, but Time was " the year and a day," during which the in existence, and
was.
cauldron was to
boil, to
The narrative goe3 on to Avagddu's benefit, was Time. state: " The cauldron began to boil, and it was requisite " that the boiling should be continued for a year and a day
December
20th,
and 40 hours over hours on earth, each year afte\vards monopolised by Taliesin, to the eternal chagrin of his brother, Avagddu, or the devil.
which was intended by Ceridwen to convert her ugly black son into the resemblance of a genius, and of what is good and noble, however unpresentable he might be outwardly. " She appointed a blind man " light not being yet created, eyes, therefore, were not yet necessary " named Morda, with
a strict injunction that he should not suffer the boiling to
when,
it
We
are strongly of
opinion this
or Black
name ought to be spelt Moi^-dn (e) Black Sea One of the Sea and that Night is meant by the
Avagddu is meant Evil Pantheon the portrait of Pluto represents that god as blind, and all his worship was All animals sacrificed to him were conducted at night. black, and black bulls were the favourite sacrifice. The It is said that bulls of the Taurine Sun were white.
In Bell's
Plutus, the god of riches, has been confounded with Pluto,
and that
Plutus
is
was Plutus that was blind. But we believe simply an emanation of Pluto, and that both were
it
of the
named Cerebus,
blind
also,
and
is
154
THE LIGHT OV
]',RITANNIA.
clue attention to the
books of astronomy" time counting " and to the hours of the j)lanets, employed herself" daily " in botanizing and in
collecting plants of every species of rare virtue."
clear
it
It
is
for this
was believed the sun was a distinct special creation world alone, and that the seed germs were created
weeding and making selections for the coming world. Elsewhere it is stated the "plants" were Pamwydd (Five Trees), and
before Time, and that the Consort of
is
God
was to come came from the JPnmwydd. The five seem to symbolise the five senses of Ced, the great mother, namely -hearing, sight, smell, taste, and toach, and here referred to as essence. "On a certain day, about the completion of the year" Dec. 20th, "whilst she" Ceridwen " was botanizing and muttering to herself, Three Drops of the efficacious liquid happened to fly out of the cauldron, and alight upon the finger of Gwyion the Little.
liquid
trees
The heat
his
Three Drops (.) had touched his lips every event of the futurity was opened and he clearly perceived that his greatest to his view concern was to beware of the stratagem of Ceridwen, whose
mouth.
as those precious
;
As soon
"With
great
terror
it
he
fled
As
for the
cauldron
divided
We
stop here.
What
is
follows
is
an eastern parable, added, no for Bryant has shown, doubt, through Phoenician influence
of the sun,
which
clearly
we
believe
satisfactorily,
of horses
though as old
in
as the time of
Yide Analysis,
p.
407.
TFIE
LIGHT OF BRITANNfA.
155
CHAPTER
HE
Xlir.
Essence, is the cauldron; the two halves are the Northern and Southern Hemispheres above the rational
horizon, with the equinoctial line dividing the earth into
tioo halves.
The northern
is
between the
under the
east
is
The southern
half
when
the
is
claimed by Avagddu.
winter, and
six
and
six
jDre-
Rebekah,
like
broth
honestly
Avagddu
lesson
Rebekah dishonestly
is
pre-
The
Egyptians.
appearance.
tive, as to
man
of unnatural
and repulsive
He was
we
Rebekah
resemble,
so as to
make him
Esau.
of
is
the
emblem
Esau is Avagddu,
is
The
many
of them, as
Society.
156
Why was Ceridwen angry with Gwyion the Little ? Because he had taken the Three Drops, which she had prepared so laboriously, by chemical studies and solar
observations, for her son
Avagddu.
What
Word,
Little in a startling
manner, signify
They imply the same White Dove Adonis the Wren symbol of the Dove which descended on the Lord Jesus Taliesin when he was ascending from the Jordan after being baptized by John the two wings and body in each making tripor Logos, of the Creator.
thing as the
;
lets
\|/
as Adlais (iVtlas or
the and propping the earth as a fulcrum three Golden Apples stolen by Hercules from the Garden of the three Bulls of the Taurine period of the Hesperides
returning
Druidic
period
religion
and,
finally,
Gwron, of the later epoch of and last of all, the three props or legs supporting the ancient Druidic Chair of the Bards of Wales
;
meant by Gwyion ? The name is a compound of two words, Gwy (water), and Ion or Leader-Lord, the Druidic title of the Creator in the work of leading the
But what
is
II., that
called also
Gwen-y-M6r Wen
is
of the
name Venus
mother being Ced or Ceridwen source of the vapour supposed by the ancients to be ascending through the earth). The Divine virile power, operating through the agency of
dew,
is
warmth
who
is
-
called
Hu
Cylch y Ceugant,
Hu
THE
tude, while the sun
Lir.nT of Britannia.
is
157
signifies warmth coming by the agency of dew, that coming from the Creator himself. In German dew is called Tau (Tad, the Welsh for Father). Dew is much like the
Gwyion warmth
He
having
imparted into
it
the
His Consort Ceridwen, otherwise Ced, or the passive principle in the mother of Nature, that is, the mother of Venus, (the Druidic Gwen). The same ancient idea is found in
the allegory wherein
it is
The
new name
We now
''
''
:
Ceridwen entarlost,
was entirely oar, and struck blind Mordu upon his head, his eyes dropped upon his cheek.
that her whole year's labour
seized an
so that one of
'Thou hast
*
disfigured
;
me
seeing I
am
!
innocent
It
to
run after
Gwyion, perceiving her at a distance, transformed himself into a hare, and doubled his speed. But Ceridwen, instantly becoming a female greyhound, turned him, and chased him towards a river. Leaping into the stream he assumed the
158
form of a
fish.
But Ceridwen became now a female otter, him through the stream, so that he was obhged " the to take the form of a bird and mount into the air soul of the sun passing through the animal kingdom Divine
and traced
"The
Ceridwen in the form of a sparrow-hawk, upon him, and she was just in the act of was gaining Shuddering with the dread of death, pouncing upon him. he perceived a heap of wheat upon the floor, and dropped Ceridwen into it, and assumed the form of a single grain. took the form of a black, high-crested hen (Black Virgin), descended into the wheat, scratched him out, distinguished, and swallowed him." And, as the story relates, she was pregnant of him nine months, and when delivered of him, she found him so lovely a babe (Taliesin) that she had not resoShe placed him, however, in a lution to put him to death. covered with a skin, and by the instigation of her coracle husband (the Almighty, and father of Taliesin, but not in the
no refuge,
for
ordinary
way
of Nature), cast
(to
him
Localities
named PJiagod
of
Gwyion's Turning), between Bwlch Gwyion (Gwyion's Gap), on the route between Pontypridd and Tonyrefail to the west from tlie first named of the last two named Most localities, seem to be associated with the allegory.
singular that in the allegory the Piocking Stone at Pontypridd,
The
incidents of the
above
singular solar
drama
are
Glamorganshire.
Gwyddva,
still
lo9
to Llanalltucl
Another great Gwyddva is on the top of the hill to the north-west of the former, not far from Ty'r Arlywydd Farm, and a short distance to the south-west of Crawshay's iron tower but notably the Logan, or Rocking
one leading towards Llantrisant.
(Place of Presence) called Maesycrug,
;
Stone, on Pontypridd
Common,
town.
The Druids, we
The
Isle of
Each
It
of the
Sun.
name
of Ponty-
pridd
Common was
The name is now limited to a farm on the Common, and popularly called Brydwen-Ar'.
No
doubt, on that
Common, and
in the neighbourhood,
rites in
remote
of the
Ark
Mysteries in the midst, and rocking west towards east east, as the " church " does still at the
Name
Gwyion, there are near Pontypridd such names as Craig Gwyion, called erroneously Craig Wen Pwll Gwyion
;
Gwaun
Gelli
Bwlch (Gap of) Gwyion, erroneously called Bwlch-Gwyu. The highway from Bwlch Gwyion to St. John the Baptist
Church, near Tonyrefail, a distance of about two miles,
called
is
Heol Gwyion-Dro (the Road of Gwyion's Turning). in the same neighbourhood are named respectively Rliiw Gwyion-Dro, or the Path of Gwyion's Turning.
Two farms
160
We
to
be erroneous.
The babe
name
on
Tahesin.
him
in the coracle
Dec. 20th.
The vernal equinox period for the ceremony, in commemoration of the event, is clearly an error brought to But Britain from the East, doubtless by the Phoenicians. the St. George's Channel Druid s of Borth would perform the rite on March 20th, being the Phoenician time for The Taliesin narrative implies the sun's the rite.
which is enclosed the Divine Logos or Word, which body was derived from the substance of The severCeridwen during the nine months of gestation. ance, as it were, of the Word or Logos from the Creator took place when, in three drops of Divine essence, it What is alighted on the finger of Gwyion, on Dec. 22nd. " finger of Gwyion " we cannot understand, meant by the
material
body, in
unless
it is
became a Divine Son by the His incarnation in that body took descent of the Dove. when the Word, enveloped in the grain, was swallowed place by Ceridwen. That would be on March 21st, or, according His to the Julian Calendar, on March 25th, or Lady Day. quickening, as the soul of the sun, in the material body of
before his baptism, before he
his mother, Ceridwen, took place on each Sept. 22nd, six
months
and which
is
nine months
to
serving to develop
womb, on March
or,
21st-25th.
His
birth
Christmas Day.
to
The above
Luke, when
months
" referred
by
St.
161
But
in the narrative
it is
John who
in
Luke, chap, xxvi., 2). John the Eli-Jah sigBaptist was said to be Old Elijah returned. Shabbetha " Jah is Saturn" nifies: Eli (Sun), and Jah (Old Sun). Observe, Elizabeth signifies: Beth (House or Grave Welsh Bedd), and Eli ''Za.''^ It seems to be implied it was the Divine Logos which caused the leap in the womb of Eli-za-betli Ced or Delphus (womb) to be
the Virgin's
(St.
womb
John (Old Sun Elijah) to Hesous (the Everybody now knows that the birthday of the Lord Jesus, viz., Christmas Bay, is simply a fiction, and that that date was fixed upon with a
transferred from
Young Sun)
at his baptism.
the world had celebrated the date of the birth of the sun of the
New
it is
Day of Atonement. AVe beg to what we state elsewhere of the birth of the priesthood of Aaron, and what the ceremonies on that
the period of the Jewish
occasion each year signified.
or
It
The
following
is
Taliesin,
the Morass of
his experiences
befell
Gwy
504.
Ion Bach.
Thus ho sang
Vol.
ii., p.
162
"
I
I fled
with vigour
;
I fled as a frog
I fled in
fled as a wolf's
cub
I fled as a wolf
I fled as a
The
Omens.
;
I fled as
a fox,
as a Marten,
to
But
nu pui'pose
a Sfjuirrel
;
I fled as
'I'hat
1 fled
vainly hides
as
an
aiitlei'cd stag.
fled as iron in
glowing Are
desire
it
;
1 fled
as a spear
as a bull. as a boar in the furrow ploughed
;
Fiercely he fought
T fled
That
1 fled into
a u'rain of wheat
* Place of 1 Penydwys-Penodi Appointed to look after the Cauldron. Sim not yet created. ^ Llawr Llan ' Gwy Ion the Little. Cauldron." " Parwy.s Paradwys " Parwyden Paradi.e. Circular Grovtt. Enclosure. * Rylliwys: The word rhydd (free) and tlie context make this word a])pear Na.sli makes "Hen Widdon" to be "Old Hag" Yr 'B]w->-l"lys (will). '" Ddnlon Widdon is from Gwyddon, tlie AVelsli, to this day, for Scientist. ' Anphnriawl is Anp;hiirawl: Iiresistible. is Ddulyn Black Lake or AVater. * The Three Drops in the Cauldron was the medium of Awen (Inspiration). t Literally, Like a Chain.
:
:
''
'
163
me
^
.Seeint^
hold of a ship
Filled
on the waters.
;
me
scales J
me
me
Welsh
of
the foregoing
is in
Then Alpha, or Elphin, conveyed Taliesin to the house It appears that Gwy Ion Bach, of Gwydd-No, his father. now having become Taliesin, is the Draidic Bacchus, and that Gwydd-No is Arawn (Silenus) and that Saidwrn is The former is the Old Nocturnal Sun while the Saturn. last-named is the Old Diurnal Sun, and he is the father of Hu Gadarn or Hesus the Mighty. Gwydd-No asked Alpha
if
that he had
that
?
asked
said
Gwydd-No.
Bard," answered
!
Then
Gwydd-No
*'
Alas
what
will
he
Taliesin
He
will profit
little
him more than " Art Asked Gwydd-No ? " I am " Taliesin replied,
:
me."
'*
Let
me
Gwydd-No.
Then
Taliesin saua"
'
Fygwys
is
Fogws
Suffocated.
;
"Cain" in the original should be t'en (scalfi^) Tht- error doubtless crept in in transcribing. In the lolo MSS., p. -76, Ceridwen, in v. 19, is alluded to as a Whale or Dolphin by the name Morvarch, and Taliesin or Jonas (lona Dove) delivered out of her belly. This is an additional proof that the solar drama, performed at Borth, Cardigan Bay, was derived from
t
Phoenicia.
K 2
164
"
^
;
God to make
prayers seriously
l)enefit
where
He
is
not,^
born.'^
is
(That) "Wretched
the
not to seek
my brain,
For
know what
happen.
I will
address
my
God, who
is
my
succourer
i^
Through
my
My Emblem
And my
Covenant
fixed
is
heart
on him,
Him
is
I will
seek
succourer.
ever
my
will guide
them
to Himself.
Tliose
=*
who
^
:
Can Vendigaw:
;
Blessed Song.
iirst
Synwyraw:
Can
(song or Chant
the
word of tlie fourth line is evidently part of third line. ^ Xy ellir Uudd cael budd iwrthaw: Ny (continuity) (Ni) ellir (cannot) lludd (obstacle) cael budd (to have l)enefit) iwrthaw (oddirthaw a])art from him). The fourth " Teirgwaith im gaiied: Thrice was I born. line conveys the sense. (1) As an animal (2) As a human being; (.3) Now, as a being endowed with the Divine afflatus A wen from God (Inspiration imparted by the Three Drops () \|/)- The Archdruid symliolised all Three (Births) viz., tlie Divine Spirit, by his office. Bru(f) literally, Womb, but in the .sense of conceiving ideas, the Brain is alluded to. The Archdruid Avas called Alenw Hen or the Ancient Mind (Minos or Menu), meaning Mind as an abstraction derived from God's Spiritual Nature. The sun was regarded as tlio abode of intelligenc(>. The pre-existence also of Man before he received his soul is implied by tlu; following, in the " Awdyl Vraith " Song of Varieties, imputed
;
:
to Taliesin
"
Five liundred years, without he (Adda)* lying down Before he obtained a Soul."
much
protection,
Was
"
Nawdd:
Adda
Succourer.
"Cyvarchwel: Penance.
'"Crair:
Emblem
of
Covenant.
*
is
translated
Adam.
165
Now
them indicate that they, and also which bear the name of Taliesin, were penned during ihe Christian era. But the mixture of Druidic ideas found in them, in very old Welsh, relating to the solar allegory, proves they came into existence very early in the history of the Christian rehgion in Wales. We quote them They were here simply to illustrate the story of Taliesin. undoubtedly used in the solar drama performed between the
scriptural allusions in
others,
many
Welsh and
the Irish in the neighbourhoods of Borth, Wales, and Arklow, Ireland, of which sending the coracle with the babe Taliesin in it was but one of the incidents of the magnificent religious performance.
16G
TflE
LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
CHAPTER
ING Arthur (the
Cymry and
personage, occupies
XIV".
Welsh British
of
the
traditions
the
much
Messiah
and does
still,
among
the Jews.
will
The Messiah,
still,
appear miraculously
and establish them as the ruling nation of the whole earth, In another portion of
work, we have shown that Arawn is one of the Druidic the sun at the end of the solar year, and that it is identical with the Greek Ouranos of the New Testa" ment. Ouranos has been erroneously translated " heaven
titles of
in the
New
text
Testament.
of
Alford in his
comments on the
iii.,
Greek
the
it
Gospel of St.
Matthew, chap,
V. 2, &c., admits
John
:
for the
kingdom
;
of lieacen is at
:
hand," ought to have been translated, Repent ye for the kingdom of the Messiah is at hand that is, if Ouranos
Arawn (Old Sun "renewed") signifies the Messiah. If it does, then the Arawn of the Druids, and the Aaron of the Hebrews, signify both the sun and the
or
Messiah
is
no question the Aaron of Israel derived from the Druidic Arawn, and also that Artni,
;
for there is
the the
it
Hebrew name of the Ark of the Covenant, as being Ark of the sun the Ark deriving its name from under his title of Arawn. As we have shown in pre-
167
up the government of the world. And that, in many instances, the same title was given to the new sun as that by which the old had been known, because some nations, and the Hebrews among them, held that the new sun was simply the old sun
" renewed," as has been clearly shown in what we have
stated
about
Saturn,
Hercules,
Adonis,
&c.
Now we
arrive at one of
new sun
Christmas day but on each December 22nd in Druidism was typical or emblematical of the Coming of the Son of God, the Messiah of the World, or and it is
on
a tremendous
"or"!
is
that
in
the
Christian religion
which
Each
reader must,
God and
Let no
man
simply in a party
spirit,
but in the
"
!
Throughout these
allegories, a
and ardent yearning for drawing nigh to God's mysterious individuality, are clearly manifest.
It appears
that Tertullian
a.d.
193-220
had
been
solar
among
De Came
you do not receive this, as you do not receive that Christ who, at that early period, was studying ho.v to address and free and judge mankind,
Christi, c. vi.
in the guise of
" But
168
about to
die,
"'
had been previously announced. And: Praxeas, c. xvi. "Thus, even God was always studying to live with men on earth, no other than the Word (senno-\or,os) who was to be the flesh. He was, moreover, learning to prejmre the faith for us, that we might, by learning that something of the kind had been done before, more easily believe that the Son of God
nativity
is
interwoven with
first
all
the ancient
Europe.
"Arthur, when
he appears in
hundred years later than the day he is said found invested with all the glories of legend, and straightway becomes the national hero " of the Welsh and the Bretons "to whom" (Arthur) "is
history, three
have
lived, is
attributed
His name
is
of Christian of warriors,
surrounded with a
all
brilliant
circle
patterns of
him
and
aided by the most potent wisdom and skill in the achievement of their feats of renown yet again, as if to none but to him all that could stir the hearts of men in the ages of
;
faith
and
honour,"
could
be
entrusted
" mysterious
lands,
learnt in Eastern
the sacred
He hung upon
p.
the Cross,
Woodioard,
104.
AH
the
169
inner
circle
Round Table
of
King
is
Artlnir,
it,
with
the
of
an imitation of the
of the
forma-
Round Table
model
of
the Druidical
the
its
associates,
One
of
them
his
nephew Modred
is at
One
them
Judas turns
of
out to
At "Avebury,"' Wilts,
Druidic temple.
is
the ruin
circle
vast
circular
The outward
number
of
contained a circle of
city of
Thebes,
of
in
Egypt.
Two
inner
in
the
middle
circle
bordered
round by the
a
circle
one
hundred
stones,
contained
all.
of
twelve
In addition to those
its
stone
pillar
supports.
In
the
at
:
formation
the
would
be
thus
one
hundred
priests
circle
one
twenty-four
;
and four
There was,
Now%
III., ch.
in
i.,
Sir
Thomas Malory's
Book
King Arthur
170
the
Eound Table
Arthur's father,
''Now, Merlin," said King Arthur, "go thou and espy me in all the land fifty knights which be of most prowess and worship. Within a short time Merlin had found such
knights that
should
fulfil
twenty-eight
knights, but
no
two
more he could
cylindrical pillar.
circles, of
find."
known
each of such
who was
power.
The four
bolically,
Plennydd,
As we have shown
in
preceding
the
round
symboHsed by the Isle of Britain, and imitated by the Greeks by the Island of Delos the chief Druidic circle of Britain Avebury symbolised the Isle of Britain, itself
;
The
Holy Greal,
and
contents
personified as
Venus
the the
warm
its
As we have
symbolised,
among
pro;lue9d
171
by the sun and earth co-operating, was, owing to the apple symbol employed, symboHsed by cider in Britain, but by The the juice of the grape in grape-growing countries.
Hke the molten " sea" of the Hebrew temple, was called Pair Ceridwen by the Druids, which, translated, means, the Cauldron of Holy Love, the Anima Mundi, the meaning the Creator's Consort
said dish,
which was,
in a sense,
The
we doubt
not, imitated
by
And we
;
believe
the vast circle of Avebury, symbolising the round earth and the garden of the sun,
is
and, as
we have
stated elsewhere,
we
believe Greal is
the Druidic
word Cread (Creation), which would be mutated Ei Gread by employing the word His (Ei), and corrupted to " Greal."
Referring to the miraculous nourishing quality of the Holy
Greal, Nutt, in his Studies on
p. 75, quotes the following:
tJie
Legend of
the
Holy Greal,
Greal dish "entered the door of the hall, the whole court
was
filled
with perfume
*
it
and
it
proceeded to every
And
as
them
^Yith every
kind of
came before the tables, it filled meat that a man could wish to
have."
The
earth, of
It appears puzzhng why there are two sets of circles of 12 stones each within the area of the great circle of 100
it
is
the Zodiac.
They
Word.
The party
of the
Logos
the
172
sun, express-
ing
of
itsolf at
\I/
or
/|\,
the
Word
Logos
of the Creator,
The party
as Justin
Martyr
styles
it (p.
68)
the progress of
unknown
and continued to meet regularly in the same sanctuary. But, at some unknown period, the party of the Word, or Logos, erected Cer Oawr, or Stonehenge, with simply a cromleach three props and a horizontal slab as symbols of the Word /i\ and the symbol of the earth held up by
is
its
reverberation (Adlais
Atlas).
sanctuary
ing exactly the point of the horizon, and level with it, where the sun rushes into view on the morning of the
longest day,
when
it
is
in
full
effulgence.
The
said sun-dial is so
In Druid-
ism
called
Nev" (The
To
revert
to
the twenty-eight
it
knights
whom
jNIerlin
is
number corresponds with the number St. John, as described in Revelation, saw at the Round Throne of God, which was encircled by a rainbow, like the moat full of crystal water reflecting the sunbeams around the circular temple " And," states Sir Isaac Newton on the of Avebury. Apocalypse of St. John (p. 275), he that sat on it (the throne) was to look upon like jasper and sardine
*'
173
Judea
of an
colour.
olive
being of that
the
And
time
of
the
Passt)ver
And was about the throne, the emblem of glory. round about the throne were four and twenty seats, answering to the chambers of the four and twenty princes of the priests twelve on the south side, and twelve on the north side of the priests' court. And upon the seats were four and twenty elders sitting, clothed in white raiment, with crowns upon their heads representing " continues Sir Isaac ' the princes of the four and twenty courses of the
And
and behind."
Sir Isaac
Newton
at
emblems
bulls
the Druids.
in this
work,
during the
Taurine
period,
when
used.
and given
all
manner
wings.
of ideal shapes, and finally human figures with But we are dealing now with the correspondence, as regards numbers, between the dramatis personce of St.
The twenty'"
"And
points,
lo,
in
throne
cardinal
"and
* around the throne, " stood a Lamb * having seven * * * horns and seven eyes. * And he "the Lamb, " came and took the book out of the right hand of
Him
(
The sun
itself,
personified
171
ill
the
Lamb
(sun
in Aries,
March
circular church
on earth
meant.
the book, the four beasts and four and twenty elders
down
before the
Lamb "
censer "
full of
odours."
We
form.
"And
crystal."
before the throne was a sea of glass, clear as " The brazen sea," states Newton, "between the
altar, filled
is
The sun
and
it
was the
earth's fertiliser,
Ram.
who
or ova.
the language of
of
means husbandman. In Welsh? the Druids, the double " d" has the sound
"th" as in "then," and in the time of the adoption by the Welsh of the Roman alphabet, when confusion as regards
Druidic
tenets
of the
"Arddir" became
Welsh-Latin "Arthur."
" Arthur," during the
And
In Welsh a garden
is
man or
''
" garddwr." But by placing "ei" (his) "garddir," it becomes " Ei Arddir, or " his Arthur," giving to the " th
the sound of " th
"
as in " then."
"
(a bear),
in
consequence.
such
be,
it
seems
it
to
was usually
175
that
roam,
and
to
be
identified
with
name
among
It will
Newton accounts
for the
on the south
court
side,
of
the
priests'
of
the
twenty-four
priests in all.
The two
sets of circles
which, no doubt, in the ceremony were twelve were also on the south and north priests in white
each
of twelve stones
at
Sir Isaac Newton remarks that the standards of Judah, Eeuben, Ephraim, and Dan, were a lion, bull, man, and eagle respectively and those correspond with the appearance of the " four beasts," one in front, another behind,
;
and one on each side of the throne of God in the Apocalypse " And the four beasts had each of them six of St. John.
wings
twenty-four
wings
answering
;
to
"
And
they were
it
full
appears,
throne
But why twenty-four elders around the Twelve was the number of the tribes around the
the
wilderness.
sanctuary in
What
as
foreign
influence
induced
the
to
leaders of the
substitute
two
The twenty-four
elders of
John, and the twenty-four priests of the temple at Jerusalem, correspond with the tweuty-four, in two circles of
twelve each, in the Druidic temple of Bryn Gwyddon, or the
Hill of Odin, otherwise, Avebury, in
England
an arrange-
ment introduced
in
176
dissension referred to
but their
But the four " beasts" do correspond with the Shachinah, the two winged balls, one on each side of it, and with the
high priest of Israel (the "
Man ").
is
It is well kh'
wn
the
Hebrew nation
rate divisions.
in the wilderness
grouped into
fc
r sepa-
Each
division is
xit
one of
n,
and
Dan.
west
;
Judah, due east; Reuben, due south; Ephr? im, due Dan, due north. Now, Ephraim and Manasrteh were
Why
was there no
name
is,
Jacob?
The
reply
What was
two
^
the object in
We
answer,
the
western
the sanctuary
and it became necessary therefore, Joseph into two to fill up the gap caused by the withdrawal of Levi.
third
Is'o
'*
Ephraim,
in Aaron's
the inarch,
and the
or the
beast" that
St.
John saw
h.
Levitical priesthood.
When
Aries or
Ram
aud the setting sun passed through it. But at the time of the Day of Atonement (September) the sun rose in the sign of the Virgin, in the east, and set in the west through the
sign of the
Ram. The
the
Day
of
shroud
177
in
the eastern end. He descended in the west as a "Man," hence the " Man " on the standard of Ephraiin in the west,
111
iii
?i'^vi's
'I'll
position;
outlet he
the'
as^^
aiilf'U&t*i'ate
Pai'fes'^*^^^
God!
'
but when he re-appeared through was more than a mere man he was The intercourse between Britain and
atitt-^(i9*n
still
eX-tensiv.^,
Phoftmcia,
(or
"In
the British
roots
to
be
found."
^Rowland's
Mona,
iii.,
by Higgins' British Druids, p. 91. p. 278, That intercourse between Britain and Palestine being powerful and ingreat it is highly probable the
quoted
tellectual
visited
Druids
of
this
country,
to
not
only frequently
including
Phoenicia,
but
imparted
Palestine,
The
Palestine, including
Phoenicia,
itself
is
still
teeming
with
a
Druidic
remains
Bethel
It
still
having great
once
Welsh name
to describe
dominant
in that country.
Avebury, in Britannia.
Phoenicia,
is
Man was
v.. lo.
178
from Jerasalem.
Tyre.
above
most
interest-
Wales
The country
called Gallo-Graecia
were Gauls.
Be
of the Galatians, in Asia Minor, is by Livy. It is said the Galatia\:;^ that as it may, both Gauls and Brr^tons
>
tlie
nc:^jne
o.rp.
Ei Geli.
It is
name
Gentiles."
Gallia, Gwalia,
Supreme name
Nennius, in his History of the Britons (Welsh), who wrote, according to some, about a.d.796, according to others,
about a.d. 994,
is
the
first to
romance.
twelfth,
He
he
is
states
In the
slaying 940
by his nephew Modred in a battle on the river Cambulaj supposed to be in Cornwall. Elsewhere it is stated
Arthur's mortal
wound was
As we
have seen,
in all the
as a skull or head.
He
is
We repeat,
all
the places of a
the
Koman
Head
or Skull.
179
women cut their hair off at the end of their sacred year (March 20th), and cast it into
the river, a
rite really
the
year,
the
sun's
rayless,
or
And
a Jewish woman,
head as a
as
rite
It is allea'ed
that
the
old
sun
Saturn,
their Sabbath, their day of "rest," is Saturday (Saturn's Day). It is remarkable that Tacitus, in his History of the Jews, written in the first century of the
Christian
history of the
that
makes the following observations on the Jews (Book v., chap. 2) " The tradition is the Jews ran away from the island of Crete, and settled
era,
:
Saturn was driven out of the kingdom by the power of Here, Tacitus, like all other Pagans, mixes solar
He
did not
know
that Saturn
was
new
year,
is
meant by " Jupiter driving Saturn In another paragraph in the same "It is generally supposed that they
(the Jews) rest on the seventh day (Saturday) because that day gave them the first rest from their labours. Others In the light say that they do honour thereby to Saturn."
of
stating, the
Roman
carefully
bear in
mind there
is
no reference whatever
giving the
sun
at that season.
The
foolish practice of
pagan gods to the seven planets, has caused much misleading and immense confusion. Still, the name of each
of
names
L 2
180
name
God
Mercury (Woden or Odin) is the name of the middle day of He is the sun on the week three on each side of him. March 21. He is the minister of the Gods, and his representative in the Zodiacal circular "church" on earth is Gwyddon (Odin), one of the titles of the Archdruid when performing his high office. We beg to remind the reader that the head of the Saviour was attacked in a special manner, with the crown of thorns. The wounded head of Arthur gave origin, as it seems, to the order of Templar
;
Knights, their
name being
name
Tempora
Head.
idol,
which
Denys (which terminate 1461,) " an old skin, embalmed and polished, in which describe as the Templar places his very vile faith and trust, and in which he confidently believes and it has in the sockets
Saint
;
Abraham Bzor,
"Church History
"
head, the face pale like that of a man, with black curled
and round the neck a gilded ornament, which, indeed, belonged to no saint, and this they adore, making prayers
hair,
hefore
it."
No
And
one of the questions asked by tlie Pope of the witnesses was " Whether they had not a skull, or some sort of image, to
"
So also the Chronicle of Meaux states that " on the first day of the General Council of Templars, a head with a
;;
181
and precious and the head was stuffs. Mass was sung before daylight, then adored by the Master and the other Kniglits." Rev.
altar in a chapel, covered with silken robes
Ram
or
Lamb, with
Ram
(Revelation
v., G),
that
is
In Druidism,
of the Britons," p.
Chronicles, gives
There are several by Nennius that, in writing he was quoting from either a Welsh chronicle
against
the
Saxons.
still
among Welsh-speaking
River Gleni
river called
;
people.
The
of
the
The
;
first,
Mouth
fifth,
of the
on a
by the Britons Duglas, in the region Llinius the seventh, in the wood the sixth, on the river Bassas the Celidon, which the Britons call Cat Coit Celidon eighth, near Gurnion Castle, where Arthur bore the
;
image of the Holy Virgin, Mother of God, upon his shoidders, and, through the power of Our Lord Jesus Christ and the Holy Mary (he) put the Saxons to flight, and pursued them all day with great slaughter; the ninth, at the City of the Legion, which is called Cair Lion the tenth, on the banks of the River Trat Treujoit
;
182
Cat Bregion
the
twelfth
to
was
contest,
Cat
is
Welsh names
of localities
between the Welsh Britons and the Saxons in localities bearing- such names. But when we find the number given
as exacthi twelve
that
no more nor
the
less
we instantly suspect
fit
facts to
in
with the
xVrthur,
legendary history of
or, in
mythical,
or
solar,
understood
through
as then
and
Twelve Labours of Hercules, or the sun. Tliere are two statements in the narrative of Nennius which prove conchisively either his ignorance or his fraudulent intention to
impose upon his readers. In the reference to the eighth battle, he states Arthur carried "on his shoulders the image of the Holy Virgin. Let the reader count the
"'
IglUh sign is
On
turning to
p.
234,
we
find
Geoffrey of
Monmouth
stating the
name
of Arthur's shield
was " Priwen." That is obviously a mis-spelling of " Brydwen," the correct Welsh name, and the original form of the name Britannia, while the sun in his relation
to the Isle of
(masculine).
shield,
Brydwen, or Britannia, is named Prydaiu Why did Nennius omit the name of the
less
which the
?
cautious Geoffrey
of
Monmouth
furnishes
with Christianity
Nennius that Arthur carried on his the image of the Holy Virgin, and Geoffrey
183
was called " Priwen " (Brydweii), upon which was the image of the Blessed Mary, Mother of God. That is the way it is given in the original Latin. The following remarks by the Rev. Thomas Price, in his E.istory of Wales, printed in the Welsh language, is most important. Referring to Nennius's statement, that Arthur
carried the
s/^;?^;*
humeros
sitos
'
sentence, inclines
me to think that the author " (Nennius) " translated from the Welsh, and mistook the meaning of
The Welsh word Ysgwyd
so
(a
the original.
shield,)
and
Ysgwydd
one
(a shoulder), are
on his
shoulder^ instead of
'
on his
shield.^ "
The
shields of the
have seen that each circular temple symbolised Britain, and that Britain symbolised the round earth above the rational horizon. The shield on the arm of each
temples.
We
it
symbolised
Therefore,
is
the
his
shield
battles
carried
by the
his-
torical
Arthur
in
all
apart
from
the
called
legendary Arthur,
or
the
sun
personified
signifies
was
Brydwen, or Britannia.
Featured One."
Britannia, and
that of the
Brydwen
is
"Britain"
Brydwen
or Britannia,
counted the signs of the zodiac the wrong way, and instead of making Brydwen, or Virgo, to be the sixth, he made her
the eighth, sign.
The
fact that
184
altogether,
name Prydwen,
character.
It
he writes
seems as
if
Greoffrey
Now
comes
The
Coptic
to
YH
E, or otherwise,
YH
S,
Hominum
I H S,
monogram
Sun
or Bacchus.
alone art
words " Latium calls thee Sol, because thou in honour, after the Father, the centre of light
hymn
him
of hours.
Hence the heavens. they esteem thee, Phoebus " (Gr. Phoibos the Bright or
darkness, thou rulest
Shining One),
'*
or
Egypt worships
Memphis
as Osiris.
Thou
art
worshipped by different
cruel Typhon.
rites,
as Mithras,
Dis,
and the
of arid
Thou
Thou
art
Ammon
and the Adonis of Byblos (Phosnicia). Thus, under a variety of appellations, the whole world worships
Lybia,
Gods, and of thy Father s face. Thou whose sacred name, surname, and Omen, Three Letters, make with the number 608 Y H E.
thee.
THE
Grant
us, to
LICxHT OF BRITANNIA.
185
Mind, and
know
Name.
May
p. 82.
work;
also
Dr.
047. In reference to the name of God being symbolised by the Druids by Three Letters (\|/) I find the following
:
"
U
It
because
is
the secret
Word
not
any man in the world, except to a Bard who is under the vow of an oath. The letters may be shown to any man in the world we like, without uttering the vocalization, which, under the protection of secrecy, is due to them, though he be not under an oath but should he utter them in speech audibly, he violates his protection, and he cannot be a Bard, nor will it be lawful to show him any more of the secret, either in
;
this world that perishes, or in the other world that will not
perish
for
ever
and
in
ever."
John
Bradford,
Bettws,
Bridgend (A
in
Glamorgan as a boy
in
1730; Archdruid
A.D. 1780.
in the copy
it.
Vide Bardism,
should be
p. 66-7).
"O"
"D," and we
But
it is
Name
:
or
\I/
Word
or
of
the sun
is
as follows
that
is
Echo
of the
Word
on
northern side
of the
rational
horizon.
The three
186
THE LIGHT OF
r.RITANNIA.
His Word.
Doubtless, the
i]
lustration
as the invention of the Bardic Alphabet, hence the saying of the Druids and
Hebrews
The sun
/|\ is
itself
is
to be understood
by
Wounded Head
of
Arthur,
we
;
It is identical
with the
of the
the
Tammuz
chapter
and
it
fourteenth
verse
of
Ezekiel
the
at the time the sun is and the Druids when he is in the Tropic of Capricornus and Osiris, of Egypt, murdered by his
Hebrews observing
of Cancer,
;
in the Tropic
brother
Typhon
Day
of
in fact, with
we find Druidic
But the
initiated
easily
He
can
detect
of
monkish
polluters of
The
perpetrators of pious
frauds made the world believe the Cauldron of Ceridwen was identical with the dish used by the Lord Jesus and His
disciples at their last supper together
;
they fraudulently
;
and they
make
is in
1S7
identical
of as
Mary and they blasphemously describe her the Mother of God She is the mother of the priesthood Gwyddon (Odin or Woden), otherwise the Archdruid,
! !
the
chief Bardic
priest,
symbolising by his
or
official
or
for
Menydd
Brains,)
v/ith
Matter in
all
animated beings,
created beings
were Souls
men, animals,
in various conditions.
188
CHAPTER XV.
OW
I sore
for
we return
so.
to
the narrative:
"But,"
states
Arthur,
(throhs)
"I may
my
missed thee.
I
now have
my
in
my
dream."
Sir
Then
part,
and Sir
in a
fell
Lucan how he
''this is
unto
me
full
heavy
my
sake, for
he
would have helpen me that had more need of help than I. Alas, he would not complain him, his heart was so set to help me. Now Jesu have mercy on his soul."
Then
" Leave this mourning and weeping," said the king, " for this will not avail me for, wit thou well, and I might live
:
but
my
my good
to
yonder water
side,
189
water
My lord,"
said Bedivere,
shall be
done."
In the foregoing
it
is
quite
he found in the Welsh The proper names he employs are Welsh. In the name Lucan we find the Welsh name Lleuver (Light) Latinised. It will be observed, when
been
using
materials
which
Arthur, the
perishes.
Sir
personified
sun,
swoons,
Lucan,
or
Light,
G-awaine
is
Gwyion,
Arthur's
or
the
personified.
When
power
sun's
warmed
humidity power is
prefigured by the rebellion of Mordred, Arthur swoons; Grawaine, or Gwyion, dies; that is, the
diminishing,
to
exist
in the
is
pure Welsh,
In the modern
mode
of spelling its form is, Badeiver. It signifies the Boat (dew), His Mer or Water to distinguish it from the coracle, which is another symbol of the ark or mastless ship (Llong Voel) as symbol of Ced, Cetus, or Der Ketos,
;
The moon,
and
six
days old,
it
will
be remembered, a symbol
it will
be observed
Lucan
(Lleuver)
Heat,
brother of Light.
a very old
Welsh name
of waters)
;
of water,
and
is
only found
now
in use in the
Cymmer
(meeting
The
di,
at the
beginning of the
190
word,
is
The word
is
usually spelt,
To resume
the
way he beheld
'
pommel and
and then
loss.'
he said to himself,
throw
this rich
And then
said,
And
as soon as he might, he
king, and
That
is
untruly said of thee,' said the king " (he lied by saying he
my command
but throw
it
as thou art to
in.'
me
;
lief
and
spare
not,
Then
Sir
Bedivere
and then
him thought
and so
to the
eft
sin and shame to throw away that noble sword, he hid the sword, and returned again, and told
command.
he
said,
'
What saw
thou there
'
'
Sir,'
saw nothing but the waters wap and the waves King Arthur, now hast thou betrayed me twice. Who would have wend that thou that hast been to me so lief and dear, and thou art named a noble knight, and would betray me for the riches of the But now, go again lightly (swiftly), for thy long sword. tarrying putteth me in great jeopardy of my life, for I have taken cold. And, but if thou do (not) now, a? I bid thee,
I
wan.'
Ah,
'
if
ever I
may
my own
dead.
hands,
for
my
it
me
Then
and went
to the sword,
and and
191
bound the
threw
there
it,
and caught
)
and so shook
it,
it
turice
-Triune
(\l/
and brandished
iri
tlio
water."
of the
The "sword"'
;
is
the decrepit
is
memhriim
the lake
the sea of
Annwn
(Hades)
of the
Almighty and mother of the sun, rescuing the symbol of the sun's divine seminal agency from destruction in the wreck of his corporeal destruction at sunset on each
December 20th. In Egypt she is Isis I. It is Isis II. (Venus) who cries after Osiris's Phallus, which Typhon had thrown into the sea. It is the same idea as Cetus or Der
Ketos receiving the white dove, as Adonis (the masculine
living principle in the sun), for safety unto herself in the
Eed
Egypt
It
the
name Mort
is
Excalibur.
It is
amusing
the
We
detect the
meaning of the word, or name, in its middle. Cali or Cala is the Druidic name of the membriim virilis. The Bur termination is the Gaelic Bjrr, which is a verb signifying to swell. Then Ex, at the beginning of the name, is a
Latin prefix, denoting " formerly."
fore, signifies,
Ex-Cali-Bm\
there-
Phallus-that-Swelled-Formerly.
192
of the Egyptian
titles
sun.
system,
consequence of his
representative character.
Osiris
by
'J
murderous companions, Isis II., the wife of Osiris, "recovered the mangled pieces of her husband's body, the genitals excepted, which the
to render
murderer (Typhon) had thrown into the sea ; and him all the honour which his humanity deserved, as many statues of wax as there were mangled " That part of the body * * his body."
she
made
Osiris
pieces of
of
which had not been recovered (the membrum virilis) was treated with more particular attention by Isis, and she ordered that it should receive honours more solemn, and at the same time more mysterious, than the other members." Let the reader refer also in the same dictionary to the After describing the cerearticle headed "Phallica." monies relating to the lost Phallus of Osiris, the learned rev. gentleman states " The public held it (Phallus) in * * and the mention of it the greatest veneration among the ancients never conveyed any impure thought or
:
lascivious
reflection."
In the above,
Osiris,
Isis,
a goddess of
is
and she
left
said to
her mother's
womb.
the
Who, then, was her mother This Isis is Venus, Morwyn or Owen y M6r (the sacred one of the sea), of
?
This Isis
cow-horned Athor of Egypt. The greater Isis is "the mother of the child " Horus, who is Osiris as a young man,
the sun in
spring,
the
second person
of
the Egyptian-,
193
and Plennydd.
second
Isis,)
is
The
Venus
(the
identical with
Oed
or Ceridwen
(Cetus,
virile attribute
of the
Gwen, Enid,
or
Mor'wyn
New Year
mother of the sun child with all the requisite on attaining the age of puberty in
manner, Arthur and his " sword Excalibur" are " renewed " to maturity, to the world every spring. restored,
In
like
to
the
Arthurian
help
story
" So
Sir
to the
me
me
Then
and so went with him to the waterside. And when they were at the water-side, even fast by the bank, hoved a little barge" (the same thing as the coracle in which Taliesin was found, only here it is the departure of the coracle for the south-west, and the old sun in it is implied), " with many fair ladies in it, and among them all was a Queen " (their mother Ced was the ** coracle or barge itself). And all they had black hoods" " And all they wept and shrieked when they (night time).
King upon
his back,
saw King Arthur. Now put me into the barge,' said the King, and so they did softly. And there received him Three Queens, with great mourning, and so they set him
'
down
and
King Arthur
104
And
Ah, dear
was
liis
sister-spouse) "
I
'
me ? Alas this wound in thy head hath caught over much cold.' " (The Annwn or Hades [Hell] of northern ideas is cold.) "And so they rowed from the land,
so long from
He had
(the
'*
all those ladies go from him." " sword," and consequently had
now become
Then
uninteresting to
them
'
all, excejDt to
his
mother
First.
coracle),
Isis
the
become of me now among mine enemies V Comfort yourself,' said the King, and do as well as thou mayest, for in me is no trust (strength) to trust in For I will go into the Yale of Avalon, to heal me of my grievous wound. And if thou hear no more of me, pray for iny soul.' But ever the queens and the ladies wept and shrieked, that it was a pity * * to hear. And as soon as Sir Bedivere had lost sight of the barge he wept and wailed, and so took to the Then we are told the first Queen was Morwyn le forest." Fay, the second was the Queen of North AVales, and the third was the Queen of Waste Lands. Also there was Nimue, the Chief Lady of the Lake. The monk has
shall
alone
'
been at
it
concealing again.
Nimue
is
Nimius, which name, associated with the Lady of the Lake, signifies " Exceedingly Great Lady." She is the Ced of
Druidism, the mother of Arthur, and the greater Isis of
Osiris.
It
the restorer of
Gadarn, otherwise Taliesin, Hesus the Mighty, as a babe on each December 22nd, or, according to the
Julian Calendar, on
of the three queens are
Hu
H.
195
more correctly, in the Llong Voel (symbolised as a goddess, and The Rev. also as a coracle), or naked ship or boat?
did Arthur go to alone iu the barge, or,
Where
Thomas
Price, in his History of Wales, quotes among the " sepulture stanzas " the following
:
Bedd Bedd
March, Itedd
Gwythur
;
Gw^ifawn Gleddfrydd
Anoetli
bydd bedd
Aitluir.
;
A
A
lb
Gwgawn
folly to
would be
(uncertain) ought to be annoeth For the Welsh and Breton nations fully believed Arthur had not died, but had simply gone to
Therefore, providing a
Jt
was
them
to
battle
Henry
II.,
King of England, induced the monks of Glastonbury to assist him, by perpetrating another pious fraud by pretending to discover the grave of Arthur there for that purpose.
But what
said, to
meant by Avalon, to which it is stated Arthur Bedivere, he was going in the barge ? As we have
is
already pointed
out,
the
Druids
influence in spring,
summer, and winter, by three apples, a symbol of the sun's divine essence, as the juice of the grape was used as a similar symbol in grape-growing countries, and it became natural, therefore, to regard the region where life is renewed after death, as the everlasting source of the divine essence, as an
and the juice of the apple was used as
Island of Apples.
apple
:
It
51
-1
196
would be highly important, as well as interesting, to ascertain clearly when Avalon came first to be identified with Glaston-
The reader should recollect that the work bearing the name of " Eichard of Cirencester," a work which
bary.
is
proved
and that any reference to Avalon in it is it from other works of undoubted authenticity. There is, we believe, no doubt, Glastonbury came first to be associated with Aval-on the
except the quotations in
Insula
period
Fomorum
when
at the
Welsh Britons to believe the body had been discovered at Glastonbury. The Vita Merlini of Geoftrey in no way connects it with Glastonbury.
As already
is
it
in the singular
monks
apple,
is in
number, while the Insula Pomorum of the One signifies ever-durable the plural number.
and the other the Island of apples. The Druids, 'tis true, had three sacred apples in their circular church, otherthe garden of the Hesperides from which wise garden
*'on " in
Welsh
primitive nouns,
ffynow
(a
(water,
calow (heart,
walking stick, because it is in ^on always beating) shape like the old Druidic " f," and always moving with
the walker).
in three
The
But as transmitter
it is
of
the
only the
as a
as
fertiliser
seeds of the
fertihsing
that
implied
the
source of the
juice
197
&c.
it
(Gwenjdva) of the Druids, where decay and death are unknown, and is discharged by the agency of the sun to the The sun, or Arthur, returning on the seeds of the earth. solar new year's morning, with youth renewed, is still symbolised in
Wales on the morning of the new year, by the symbol of an apple, dressed with evergreens, and carried from door to door, and the carrier, and the group of children
In ancient times,
It
Gwenydva (Elysium)
of
renovate the face of the earth. The district of Hades beneath the earth, and beyond the " river," was the fairyland of our
ancestors
the
source
of
the
passive
principle
of
life.
to do
Gwynva,
or
Bacchus, who
is
Isis I.,
or
who
horn of
He
descended
Hades as Old Silenus, otherwise Saturn, or Old Arthur, Old Taliesin, Old Adonis, Old Tammuz, &c. he now
;
Morwyn
renovated himself.
; ;
198
There can be no doubt whatever the numerous locaHties in Wales, Eughind, Scotland, Ireland, and the smaller islands?
bearing the
name
Most
High Grod. Among the principal localities bearing Arthur's name are the following Arthur's Round Table, at Caerlleon, onUsk; Arthington, Yorkshire; Arthur's Seat, Edinburgh;
:
islets
of Scilly Islands
;
Round Round
(a
Arthur's
Arthur's Stone
Cromleach), on the northern slope of Cefn y Bryn, west Swansea; Arthur's Stone (a Cromleach), Moccas, Hereford Arthur's Quoit, Newport, Pembrokeshire Arthur's Table, on Berwyn Mountain the Stone of the Hoof of Arthur's Horse, near Mold, &c. It should be mentioned
of
;
Great Bear,
circle
is
is
called,
by the
The
and Lyra
Harp.
is
reminded the whole of the Island of Britain the symbolical Island of Apples or Insula Fomorum
is
The reader
three apples in
at three
it,
among
the
viz.,
Sun
annual stages,
Summer
Solstice
that
(Alban Havin), and the Winter Solstice (Alban Arthan, is, Arthur's prominent stations or precincts). In the second place, it was the earthly emblem of the Isle of the
Blessed, the Druidic Paradise, which
circular garden.
name
is
Persian for a
Britain,
Like the land of Canaan to the Hebrews, and especially Wales, in the eyes of the Druids,
people of God.
was
Like the
199
said to float on
to Apollo
fiction,
was
Delos
was sacred
Yr Ynys Wen, or the Holy Island. Literally, Yr Ynys Wen, we repeat, signifies White Island, but "White" is the vernacular word for "Holy."
the Island of Britain was called by the Druids,
It
was
Homer,
at
who
is
White
Island, or
writers.
Creta^
Stceta
is
to
by the
Roman
the
Brahmins.
The
this
day the gods and goddesses dwell in the White Island, human shape. It is highly
probable, were
we
of the teeming
millions of Hindostan,
we would discover
White
Isknd
in the west of
Europe, greatly
assist to
govern India
from Britain, and that thus the British Druids rule India from their urns
!
Because the sun rises in the Zodiacal sign of the hegoat (Capri), on the morning of the solar new year's day (December 22nd in Druidism, on Christmas day, 25th, according to the Julian Calendar), he is regarded by
Greeks, Bomans, &c., as a Kid, and the sun's mother, Ced of the Druids, as Minerva (Divine Wisdom) she-goat
breasted.
His father
is
Pan
(half old
man and
*
half he-goat)
^A%iatic Researches,
Ibid, p. 84.
200
sun in
vii.,
Canto
7tli),
Upon
a shaggy-bearded
goafc,
he rode,
in
Umhr
years,
^^sculapius,
the sun
is
as
source of
repre-
intelHgence,
symboHsed by a
He
is also
sented as having been found a babe by Aresthanus, and having his head surrounded with resplendent rays of light.
He was nourished
by a stray goat of the flock of Aresthanus, which gave him her milk and a dog, which kept the flock, stood by him to shelter him from injury. In the same way
;
Myses or Moses, otherwise Bacchus, was attended by Caleb, which is Hebrew for dog. The reader will recollect the story of Moses among the flocks of Jethro, and also what we state elsewhere, as to the Severn being called Havrjm or Gavren (Goat of the Birth), and that the direction of the birth place is where the sun rises over the Severn on December 22nd which would be between Gloucester and Worcester, and in England over Dunwich, in the county of Suffolk. The numerous Druidic remains in the shape of circles of stones, &c., near St. David's Head, south-west of Wales, were places of solemn assemblies of Druids. On each December, 20th, watching what they
;
in
the
air,
the
Sun
as
having
lost
Excalibur
under
also
Osiris, Adonis, Taliesin, Arawn, Aaron, and called by as many names as there were nations who had adopted the solar rites of the Druids, sinking, physically defeated, into the
names Saturnus,
symboHsed, as already often stated, by a wren, &c., being caught in the ocean by his mother Ced (Cetus or Der
201
regarded a new
It
new
glorified sun,
on
No
ceremony of celebrating meeting him at his rising, or new birth, at Dunwich, and between Gloucester and Worcester, on the morning of Dec. 22, and that they named him their Cyvrangon, or mediator between light and darkness, and It is worthy of great between destruction And themselves. attention, that Caerlleon-ou-Usk in the South East, and the former, the St. David's in i\\Q South West, of Wales
sun
at
the
setting, of the
sites
of
the
St.
which the
sea,
The names are each derived from Menw, Menu, Minos (Menydd Brains), from name Man is derived. A church a mile from the
and
Llanrian
Huan
being one of the Druidic titles of the sun, and signifying the " Near the church of Llan-yr-Huan," abode of Divinity.
states the
many large stones, most which are now (1823) broken. They were formerly erect, and in tlieir arrangement and general a]3pearance, formed in miniature a tolerably correct representation of
Stonehenge."
All,
except
one,
had
disappeared
in
March, 1892.
Since writing
the
of
foregoing
David's
we have
contains
ascertained
the
neighbourhood
St.
the
following
202
Druidical traces
or ch'cles.
The
A place called
Barrows (Beddrodau
in
^elsh) is
^g
,
^the
^q
ggg
"There
are, also
on
>
birth of
,g^,
22nd.
and there
is
is
fvuidism
stone of which
feet thick,
Adonis
^^\
j,
and which is supported by a single. Unless two have fallen, the Druids here stone.'' to the original Avebury sect, whose symbol was the
as already explained.
If so, the table stone is the
j^jg
^nf^-,^^
.as
..
-pol of
power of Celi. There is also an extensive enclos^ure, about one hundred yards long, and sixty yards broad, "and is intersected by a natural perpendicular trench of great depth and width." It is situate on a place which faces the sea, called Carn Ochain, or the Hill of Lamentation. The reader will bear in mind the weeping for Tammuz at Jerusalem. Likewise at Borth, Cardigan Bay, is Bryn Wylva, or the Hill of Weeping, which is above the edge of the sea. In both jDlaces the Druids would lament and weep for Arthur, as Arawn, setting into the sea on the shortest da}'; in the first-named, on the afternoon of March 20th, and in the last-named, at 4 o'clock p.m., on December 20th. About a mile from the mainland is Ramsey Island, which is about one mile in length, and one in breadth. " The whole of Ramsey Island is elevated, and at each end rises a lofty hill, imparting to it a grand and romantic * * appearance. On the summit of these hills, which command prospects of great extent and magnificence,
virile
Ramsey
203
the
n-->54.j^
i.|
Ono
is
called
Ynys-_"v
{e
sound to the u
the Matrix
Island),
and the
(the Island of the Singer). Those who ^^rmdi<^m' 'J'^^^^wr ' illy read the preceding pages will understand
i.
II
Morwvn
have
.
^^^^ ^^ ^^
^^^^
^^^
As
for
Singer,
is,
on the
T711
X Hilgan),
^'
'^
^^^^
-'he
beyond, at four
o'clov,.
With su
Bell's
Panlheon,
Aberdovey, at
great
Druidic time
states "
From
Yr Ynys Wen
West, or the
Holy White
the
first
Island.
all
On
day "
the
pomp and ceremonies practised at " The women wept, rent their
Venus for The reader will remember the wailing and shrieking of the women when Arthur came to the barge, and that one of them Morwyn, the Druidic Venus, called also Enid was particularly attentive to hhn, and sympathetic, resting his wounded head in her lap. The flutes used that day, Bell's Pantheon goes on to state,
after the
Phoenician
204
was spent in every expression of mirth and joy,'l^^^eaiise Adonis had returned to life again. The most a^^^nding thing of all is that, according to some, the nane 0/ i.he Herf we see mother of Adonis was Myrrha, or Mary an error arising from the mistake of observing the birth of Adonis (Sun) on March 21st, instead of on Decemler 22nd.
!
On March
and she
is
is
Morwyn
(Virgin), in D-uidisni,
Ced the
all
Black Virgin
(Cetis), Isis
the
mf^r^}
official
names.
Ced
is
the mother
Sun
a
coracle,
Osiris, as
murdered god thrown into the Nile, by Typhon his brother, in a " box " or boat, and returning again as a babe Moses, as a babe in an " Ark of Bulrushes," in the flags by
the side of the Nile
;
Father lu or Hu (the Almighty, under the name of Jupiter.) and Luna, as a babe in a boat-shaped box (emblem
Son
of
of Ced, the
to
Oreatae,
Laconia;
By each
of the above
"babes"
the ancients, in their allegorical religious systems, implied the new-born Sun of the new year, whose " birth " was
celebrated
among Eastern
nations on
March
21st,
and by
We
and
after
forty hours
Venus, or Myrrah,
THE LIGHT OP BRITANNIA.
Seminal Logos or Word, who
21st-2oth
is
205
(Lady Day).
The sun
as a
now
personified as
young man in correct Druidism on March 21st, and the Earth is personified at the same time as Morewyn, of which the name
is
an
ahbreviated
form.
As
4619
2505 B.C.), the Druids exhibited the incarnate March 21st, by the figure of a White Bull (Tarw Elgan), and the fecundity of the Earth, at the same time, by the figure of a White Cow (Buwch Laethwen Levrith Cream White Cow). But, afterwards, the symbols of the
sun, on
and the human form was adopted instead of the White Bull, and that incarnate representative of the Sun, in the
Sanctuary the Gilgal of Britannia was the white-robed Archdruid called Taliesin, Gwyddou or Odin, Arthur, &c.
No doubt
be a priestess robed in white, and she would be the quintessence of the circular " Church," or the w4iole Earth.
Lamb
would be represented
by
Church.
head.
of the
There
is
Lord Jesus " I am the Son of Man which is in Does he allude to himself as the son of Heaven." Jupiter ? He himself was on earth at the time he was
speaking.
countless
literal
We
ages
of
are
referring
to
religious rites
observed
before
the
Christian
Christian
Era.
Were they
It
is
types
the
great
mysteries?
one on
206
solemnities
were
observed, viz., at
St.
David's
promontory, which
sun
setting
It
on
is
December 20th
locality
respectively.
that
in
the
Head
207
CHAPTER XYL
THE
HEBREW
lias
TABERNACLE.
to
iNYONE who
endeavoured
understand the
Josephus, &c.,
must have
risen
subject perplexed.
We
on the subject, and among them Calmet and Dr. Kitto, and we find they all contradict one another in their
attempted description
following
in the
is
of the
said
arrangements.
as
all,
The
given
there
was a great enclosure or yard. This enclosure was 100 cubits (about 60 yards) long, from east to west, and 50 The top end of the cubits, or about 30 yards in breadth. great enclosure faced the east, and there was the only openThe bottom end faced the west, ing into it from outside. and it had no opening. Thus the east and west indicated the rising and the setting of the sun on March 2 1st, the time
of the Passover.
The south
was fenced
100
was
cubits in length
in
by network
of linen, 5 cubits
The
Twenty ornamented
side.
held up the
On
up by ten ornamented
On
but leaving a wide gap in the centre for the only entrance
into the enclosure.
On
were three
left
pillars
This
for
the
entrance
208
pillars
The
ten pillars
fifty
cubits.
The
ten pillars would afford nine separate spaces between the ten
pillars.
Allowing a
little less
than
five cubits
between each
feet
pair of pillars,
we
The
would
six feet
inches each.
measure
twenty-one inches.
We
the
now come
shall
its
it
is called in
"
And
the gate of
court
that
means
feet
That
ele-ven
a space of twenty-six
built
the
made
porch
on the eastern
entrance into the temple, of the same height as that of the entrance into the tabernacle enclosure in the wilderness.
"And
cubits
the house
and
(i.
ten cubits
Kings,
v.
was the breadth thereof before 3), making it of the same breadth
It is clear, in the above,
filling
we
"length"
we
are to under-
stand height.
The hangings
and it appears that over the hangings was fine linen network wrought with needles. The gorgeous hangings were held up by four pillars, which towered on the east end fifteen cubits above the top level of the network fence of the
enclosure.
309
and
east
skins.
one facing
was divided
The
from
east,
The
its
interior
was ten cubits long and ten cubits wide. The other room, with the entrance facing west, was twenty cubits long and ten cubits wide. At the junction between the two rooms, the western end of one being against the eastern end of the other, was a great veil, forming the division between the two rooms. The larger room, facing the west,
the room facing the east was was called the Holy Place called the Holy of Holies. The veil between the two rooms is described liy Josephus as follows *' i\.t a distance of ten cubits from the most secret end" eastern "Moses placed four pillars and the veil was held up by them. Now the room within those pillars was the Most Holy Place, or Holy of Holies, bat the rest of the room, westward of the veil, was the tabernacle, or the Holy Place, which was open
;
:
to the priests."
No human
Holy
of Holies,
No
entrance into the Holy of Holies, and for that reason that
entrance
is
called
by Josephus,
*'
The expression
as
it is
that the High Priest entered the Holy of Holies only " once a year " has puzzled many, inasmuch
stated elsewhere he entered
it,
as
is
supposed,
many
times on the
Day
of Atonement.
We
will
explain the
210
In addition to the aforesaid four pillars, which in addition to holding up the veil to prevent it from being bulged by the western wind into the Holy of HoHes, were seven other pillars on the other, or western side of the veil, and ranged along
and the effect of the four pillars on and seven on the other, prevented the wind from the two entrances swaying the veil to and fro.
at regular intervals
;
one
side,
Let us, with reverent minds, follow the Shechinah through the most secret entrance at the eastern end into the Holy of
Holies.
It is windowless,
little more than twenty-five feet square. and the curtains of the hair of goats at the eastern entrance, are so arranged that no light comes that way. But in front of us an extraordinary radiating light
The room is
it
and on each
and standing on the golden lid of the coffer, is a figure with wings, the two figures facing each other and gazing down at the golden lid of the coffer. Their wings are raised towards each other. They are standing on a gold lid lying on the face of the ark it is 53 inches long and 33 inches broad. This is the MercySeat, or, more correctly, Seat of Reconciliation, and the Shechinah is between the faces of the two winged figures.
side,
;
Let us now retrace our footsteps, eastward, into the open air. From the outside of the most secret " entrance we pass along, outside, one of the sides of the whole building, which
'
'
is
it
are all
uprights.
rings.
five
The
is
where
strength
most needed.
is
We
the building
211
We
is
now
and one
They
all fit
into
On
is
a passage, and
on
its
These five props afford four separate openings, into the Holy Place, facing us.
to the roof of the building.
Fastened
pillars, is
hooks on the outside of the tops of the five This veil, according a gorgeous curtain or veil.
to
and
Holy Place. We follow the priests on hands and knees into Holy Place. The curtain we have crept under is the The second veil is that first veil, referred to in Heb. ix., 3. opposite, inside, dividing this room from the Holy of Holies, beyond. It will be borne in mind, we entered this room with our backs due west, and the first place we visited we had our backs due east.
the
Directly before us, in front of the second veil facing us,
we behold the seven pillars cased in gold, with the veil beyond them resting against them, and against four others Then opposite the stationed in the Holy of Holies.
middle of the
height
veil is
golden crown, the altar being one yard and six inches in
and twenty-one
inches
its
wide.
It
is
elaborately
name.
name
N 2
212
upon
it.
Mount
Zion, and
have been
Sacrifices.
full
of
it
during the
To resume our
this altar
fills
description.
On the southern
is
a golden candlestick,
lamp on the top of the pillar of the candlestick or seven lamps in all emblems of the seven planets.
On
table
and on our
is
;
hand,
is
This
spans
each span.
inches,
and its breadth twenty-one inches. The whole is richly adorned with gold. On this table are two rows of loaves, each row consisting of six loaves emblems of the
There are also upon it various small vessels containing wine. Behind all, and filHng the space, is the gorgeous veil, ten cubits in height and ten
cubits in breadth,
woven
is
of a carpet-like
texture,
and,
This
veil,
made
Sky Blue, Purple, Scarlet, and the woven into the fabric.
Cherubim
what Josephus states as to its appearwas very ornamental, and embroidered with all sorts of flowers which the earth produces, and there w^ere interwoven into it all sorts of variety that might
ance
:
The
" This
following
is
veil
213
Respect-
"
It
was
Over
that
" was a
it
same
this
large-
was
to be
drawn
way
or
way by
veil,
and to the cords also, were subservient to the drawing and undrawing of the veil, and to the fastening it at the corner, that then it might be no hindrance to the view of the sanctuary " Holy Place meant " especially on solemn days." In Exodus the linen is described as " twined linen wrought with needlework." Therefore,
of the
the covering
of the
outer
veil
was a
net- work.
It
is
pillars,
summit
he was passing into Hades or Annwn, whose entrance was supposed in the east to be westward, where the sun sets at the time of the Passover and many bodies of the saints which slept arose, and came out of their graves after Sis resurrection, and went into the Holy City, and appeared unto many." It
rocks rent, and the graves opened
is
until after
He
Himself came
hours
later.
Now,
Holies,
inches.
it
will be borne in
of the building,
mind that the entire length containing the Holy Place and the Holy of
or eighteen yards and twelve
was
thirty cubits,
It will
The material
for
made
214
is
is
being ten
cubits,
cubits, there
down on each
fore,
On
The weight
Each
Thus,
it
one another.
We now
come
These are
There
is
number
we
shall
show
presently.
goats, long
and
Minor, Syria,
Cilicia,
to the stateis
ment
of Ainsworth.
Each
sides
of
these
curtains
thirty
cubits in length,
building
covers
to
the
is
ground.
The
forty-four cubits,
fourteen
or eight
yards and six inches wider than the entire length of the " Thou shalt couple five curtains by themselves, building.
and
six curtains
215
of the taber-
the fore-front
that
is to say,
is to
it,
form
a great hairy framework, with a rounded edge to the sides of the entrance into the
east.
around
vir-
Holy
This entrance
**
is
membrum
her matrix.
And
it
shall
be
call
me Husband
and
16.
shalt
me no more My Baal
(Baali)."
Hosea,
According to Exodus
last curtains,
open-
and in verse 12 we are told, " And the remnant that remaineth of the curtains of the tent, the half curtain that remaineth shall hang over the back of the
tabernacle."
*'
The
eastern front
is
back," because the entrance of the priests was at the " And a cubit on opposite or western end of the building.
the one side, and a cubit on the other side of that which
tent, it shall
on
to
this side
and
"
To cover
"
cannot
refer
the
northern,
We now
the roof.
come
"
And thou
shalt
make a covering
rams' skins dyed red, and a covering above of" the skins of Tachash, or, unpointed, Tchsh, which, states Calmet's
{vide
'
Badger
"), is
Therefore,
it
216
is
of Dolphins
or
Der Ketos,
of the Creator.
number eleven
is
the
It will
morrow
it is
reappears
after
new
September
it,
that
nine months
The
Gwyddon, the same as Odin and Woden, identical with Mercury, was regarded as the symbol of the outcome of the influence of the spring sun and the earth upon each other, and was regarded,
therefore, as the incarnate son of both Jupiter
or, in
and Venus,
Druidic language, of
Hu Dad
Elved (Hu Father of the Kenovation, and the Maid of the Autumnal Equinox), so called because when the sun. rises due east the earth is in the constellation Virgo, in the west, opposite. But the Hebrews, by observing the spring
rites at the close
and the
commencement
of the
new
civil year,
; ; ; ;
217
in Driiidism,
Hu
Bach, (Bacchus)^
In-
&c., with the ceremonies having reference to the symbolical incarnation of the priest of the sun in spring.
ram
and the upper covering made of the skin of Cetus, Ketos, or Dolphin (Delphus Womb), the eastern emblem of Ced, the mother of the sun, to the
(the female goat here),
sanctuary, imply the mixed character of the emblems of Venus and Cetus (Ced) or daughter and mother, in the ceremony symbols of the Period of x\tonement. We shall
it.
is
the
He
;
is refer-
ring to the ark in the Babylonic captivity, and says, " Set
way marks
make
Set thine
turn again,
cities."
Virgin of Israel, turn again to these thy " The Virgin of Israel is fallen
;
she
is
none
is
Amos,
" This
ing
him"
(Sennacherib).
"The
v. 22.
"renewed"), and
shall
call
his
eat, that
he
is
given
and
218
shall be called
Isaiah,
stat-
ing
that the
The Day of Atonement was the tenth of that month. The High Priest, the incarnate Shechinah, was born, as regarded his priesthood of " the Virgin of Israel," every
"Day"
of the
of Atonement, as will be
It
High
Priest
Either
obtained by Dr. Kitto from some source where the symbolical birth of the
High
Priest
some writer of antiquity sought to make it typical of that event, as was afterwards done by the Gentile world, by making the Nativity, and calling it Christmas Day, coincident with the birth of the young sun of the New Year. The young sun of Dec. 22nd was regarded by the
whole Gentile world as a newly born babe, and the
Day
of
and
High Priest. The sun is He-Goat on Dec. 22nd. He is the son of Ced, not of the Virgin Venus of spring-time. On the Day of Atonement Israel had two goats in their ritual. One the scape-goat was allowed to escape the other was sacriof the official death and birth of the
in the sign of the
ficed.
At
manner
It is
intimated by Dr.
that
it
(Biblical
Cyclopcedia.
'Bethlehem")
is
219
Emperor Adrian
Holy
new
year)
over
Nativity at Bethlehem.
To
Holy Place
contained.
was the great Altar of Sacrifice. This Altar of Burnt Otfering and Meat Offering, and in Exodus xL, v. 29, we are told it was near the door of the Holy Place, and looking westward. This altar was square. Rising from each of the four corners was what is called a *' Horn," and each was encased in
called
the
hrass.
feet
was nine
and nine inches every way that is to say, five cubits square. Its height from the ground was three cubits, or six feet and three inches. No steps were used to ascend to
the top, but a slant ascending to the southern side
of
the
will
character of the
especially the
third
person
of the
altar
Egyptian one.
The
was constructed of
wood
the
wood-work was
all
encased with
were
altar,
of the
officiating
220
into the
was symbohsed by the Sliechinah and the hairy entrance and near the Holy of Hohes from the East
western entrance into the Holy Place, the altar, with the
ascent from the direction of the
Dominion
of Hades,
sym-
THE PASSOVER AND THE DAY OF ATONEMENT THEIR ROBES, RITES, CEREMONIES, AND YEARLY ARRANGEMENTS.
It is truly
remarkable that
it
High
Priest,,
what
on
the
Day
of Atonement.
The High
official
robes
namely,
the
states
"
When
their
garments" priestly "are upon them their priesthood is upon them if their garments be not upon them their priesthood is not upon them but lo they are as strangers* and it is written, The stranger that cometli nigh shall be
;
;
! '
put to death.
death,
so is
As he
directed by Divine
command.
The following is a description of the pontifical robe and ornaments of the High Priest. x\u upmost coat called Ephod, made of golden, blue, purple, scarlet, and fine
twined linen blended cunningly together.
at the
two
Then came a girdle made to match the colours of the Ephod itself. There were two onyx stones with the names of the twelve tribes, six on each stone, engraved thereon, the name of the tribe of Levi being omitted, that tribe being represented by the High Priest himself. The
221
Those two stones were mounted in gold, and one was placed on each shoulder of the Ephod, and from the mounts of the two gems were two chains of wreathed Then came the breastplate of judgment, of cunning gold. work, like that of the Ephod, of gold, blue, purple, scarlet,
and
fine
twined linen.
It
was four-squared
they
made
they
being doubled.
The
first
And
row was a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle. The second row was an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond. The third row was a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. The fourth row was a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper. They were fixed in sockets of gold. On the twelve stones were engraved the names of the twelve tribes, the name of the tribe of Levi being again omitted. The breastplate was fastened upon the Ephod by rings of gold at the four corners, the two upper rings being attached to the wreathed chains of gold from the two gems on the shoulder, and the two rings at the bottom corners being fastened with blue ribbons to the girdle round the waist of the High Priest. The fabric of the coat, or Ephod, was of blue colour, and the other colours seem to have been embroidered upon it. At the top of the coat, or Ephod, was a hole for the neck, and a band round it. The whole of the lower hem of the coat, or Ephod, which reached far down, was ornamented with pomegranates of blue, purple, scarlet, and twined " And they made bells of pure gold, and placed linen. the bells between the pomegranates upon the hem of the robe, round about between the pomegranates a bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, round about
four rows of stones.
;
the
hem
of the robe to
minister
ch.
in,
as the
Lord comxxviii.
manded Moses."
Exodus,
xxxix.
and ch.
'
Ii22
"And
the
shall be
upon Aaron
to
shall be heard
when he goeth
;
in
Holy
of Holies
minister in
were never worn there " unto the Holy Place before the Lord, and when he cometh out that he die not." Exodus,
"And
it,
thou shalt
like the
make
a plate of pure
engravings of a signet,
And thou
;
shalt put
it
on
may
it
shall be."
High
Priest as a living
and
officiat-
ing jriest.
As we have already
to a close
stated the
High
;
Priest's office
came
his office
and as symbolical of
To
still
whole body
after death.
Holy
though the priesthood was dead, the High Priest's human nature was alive still. The washing having been performed, the High
It
for,
Priest
now donned
snowy shroud,
We
will follow
High
Priest.
He
it
fitted
and
The
An
many
times round the arms above the elbows enclosing the body, which, though physically " old," contained within him the
ever
young Divine
principle, symbolised
by a Dove, Wren,
225
push
it
up
was embroidered with flowers of scarlet, it was tied on the breast, the ends hanging down to the ankles, and was called Ahaneth by Moses. We have not seen it explained what Abaneth signifies, but we will venture upon the
loose.
The
girdle
conjecture
that
it
is
the
Druidic
Abanedd,
signifying,
the
Abode
ted by the
High
and
in Wales, Taliesin, or
Joshua), of the
new
robed in his
Holy of Jlolies, when the High Priest, shroud, would emerge as being born a babe
" the Virgin of Israel." When died, Bacchus, his fosterson (Joshua) took his place at the head of the nation. This is precisely similar, but rendered ritually, to the
son, through that outlet of
Apollo (Elishah
son,
Hebrew
for
the
Lamb
of
;
God
!),
his
the death
;
of Silenus,
in
his foster-son
and
sun
Arawn
(old
Saturn, the
Hu (Hea) Gadarn (Hesus the Mighty), Havgan, Adonis, Arthur, Osiris, and Tammuz, according to the divers names given, indiscriminately, to the old sun and the new sun by various nations. In reference to Abanedd, in Welsh, Ab (Mab) signifies Son ; in Hebrew, now, it signifies Father. "Abram" is very much like Ab (Son) and Kam (High). The name suggests also Brahma, In Druidism, Arawn or Aaron was frequently a name given to both the old sun
under another name), and the birth of
224
and the new, and it appears the same custom prevailed But we have not completed tlie amongst the Jews. description of the death garments of the defunct priesthood.
The
logs of the
High
Priest
were encased
in white breeches,
for the purpose,
In the margin
v.
nakedness"
liimself
as in reference to
by Josephus.
nakedness,"
of old Saturn, or the old sun, bereft of his virile power, which, in Britain, was on December 20th, the end of the Druidic solar year.
incorrectly, at
symbol was used, the end of the Hebrew civil year (September
In
Israel,
the
O.S.), but
it
refers
to
the
time
\\\
On
hi
head the High Priest now wore a white cap, and a piece of white linen came from the top of the cap down the
forehead.
This piece
of white
The
down
to the
still
feet
in
front,
custom,
God and
Anian's
(Anima
The customs
mode
225
CHAPTER
HE
He
Hebrew high
XVII.
having divested himself
in
priest,
their
loest-
wardly into the Holy of Holies and was lost to view. The Holy of Holies was windowless and doorless. It was the symbolical Hades, Erebus, or Sheol, of Israel, and Aaron was the old sun sometimes as an old goat, and named
-the
Arawn
of the Druids.
He
emerged presently through the eastern cud, and the act, his having passed under the earth, symbolised He his new birth in the eastern sky through Virgo.
reinvested
immediately
round the
hem
of his
The Holy Der Ketos of Holies was encased in the skin of Cetus, Womb), and those who (AVhale), or Dolphin (Delphus
But who was the Mother
?
have read preceding pages are aware that, in the East, the Ced of the Druids, consort of Celi Almighty, was symbolised
She was "the ancient but ever-young parent" of the old and young sun, whom the high priest, by his official death, and by his official new
by a Whale or Dolphin.
birth, represented. It will
is
Day
of
Atonement
held at the autumnal equinox (September 23rd), the western descent and the eastern ascent of the sun at the vernal equinox (March 21-25), were observed by the high
priest.
226
Virgin
is in
it,
same time,
priest,
Ram.
through the sign of the Earn, there, and was born in the
easteim heavens from "the Virgin of Israel."
their
Virgin
Venus (Ark
;
of the
this is
shown by
the Dolphin or
tabernacle,
(.Idonis)
was represented
!
as
This
was the inevitable consequence of adopting, as the end and beginning of the Sacred and Civil years, the vernal equinox (March 21st) and the autumnal equinox (Sept. 23rd)
respectively,
The same
the Virgin
made
the
Hebrews refer
to the ark as
Day
of
Atonement
the
up the lunar year to correspond with the solar on September 21st, o.s.) led the Orientals to describe the Virgin Myrrah, or Mary, as the mother of the sun, under his name of Adonis, instead of
10th, with eleven days added to bring
Be
is
it
when
first
in
that month.
is
then
Earn
It will
be
signs.
Jeremiah xiv.,
17.
xxxi., 21.
227
As we mention
Virgin
was really born of the autumnal equinox. This would corresMary at the pond with the priestly birth of the high priest from *'the Virgin of Israel," on the Day of Atonement, through the goat-hair fringed "secret end" of the eastern end of the Holy
in his Bible Cyclopcedia, that Jesus
of Holies.
solar point of
Mediterranean
Phoenicia,
after
and the birth of Taliesin from a skin coracle, crossing from Arkle (corruptly "Arklow"), on the
These consider-
of
Mount Libanus,
Hog
stabbed Adonis in
Jupiter
Bethlehem.^
Moreover, he
erected a temple to
Head) on the site of the Hebrew temple. And on a medal of Jerusalem, as the Astarte, iElia Capitohna of Adrian, is shown Easter
Capitolinus (In Father of the Skull or
Venus
holding a "skull"
foot.-
and crushing
the
who
is
is
seen crouching
;
Astarte, likewise,
here misplaced
still
symbolised in Wales, in a
With
there
we
do
find
Venus
it
"^lia Capitolina
i.. \).
5".
o 2
228
Cow
sets of coverings to
the tabernacle.
ephod and the other symbols of the high priesthood, were left by the high priest in the western room, called the Holy Place, before he ^eutured, in his white shroud, to go beyond the Veil into the Holy of Holies (Hades or Erebus). It is quite evident that the Hebrews confounded the Shechinah with the Most High God, who is the Celi of the Druids, and the Amen Ra of Egypt and confounded the Ark of the Covenant with the Womb (Delphus) of Ced, the mother of the sun and the virgin earth, and thereby made Venus, or Myrrah, or Morwyn, to be the mother of the young sun. It is clear that the high priest, symbolising the sun, the old and young alternately, was mistakenly supposed to undergo rejuvenation by the joint influence of the Ark and the Shechinah in
seen, the jewelled
;
As we have
the
Holy
of Holies,
and
Ced
altogether.
The
following
is
left us,
first
with the
Word
all
the
world and
appurtenances, and
life,
all
The same song was the first melody ever heard, and its music travelled as far as Cod and His existences are, and the way in which every other existence^ springing in unity with Him, has travelled for ever and ever.
Song of Joy.
229
is to
And
life
it
say: that
God
declare His
Name,
vibrated through
all
existing materiality.
it
for ever
and
"And
"
It
where
it
is
life
and
ever.
was from
and
Spirit)
it,
that
science,
knowledge,
(Holy
'
The symbol
afterwards
Name
\|/
and now
"
The joy
the sun, after the shortest day, or end of the solar year,
and immediately after the Saturnalia, which was, originally, a very solemn holiday, held by the Druids on Dec. 20th, had reference to the death of the old sun, under his title of Saidwrn (Saturn), otherwise Old Pan-Goat, Tammuz,
Arawn, &c.
The
young sun, under by other races the name of the holyday was Bacchanalia, in allusion to the young sun, under his title Bacchus, with the head of a Kid Goat. He seems to have been named Hn Gadarn, Gwy Ion Bach (God's
(but wrongly placed,) in reference to the
his title of
Adonis
Humidity the
Little),
first
On
the solemn
the emblems of the sexual organs of Adonis (Saturn) and Venus (Dyrraith old and barren earth) were carried with all the pomp and ceremony practised at funerals. The
women
Bardism,
j).
39.
230
breasts,
and imitating
the cries of
Mount Libanus, a solar Golgotha, after having been wounded in the "groin," by the boar (Mars, called, also,
Typhon, Pluto, &c.).
In Egypt, the Queen, herself, piously carried the sexual
symbol of Adonis
(Osiris).
No
we have
The ceremony reseen no record of the last-mentioned. minds us of the lost sword of Arthur, and the Phallus of Osiris lost in the Nile and Isis ii. in search of it.
Adonia was spent expression of joy and mirth, owing to the return
of
the
in
every
of
Adonis
Let not the reader forget that in Phoenicia and Egypt these rites were observed at the vernal equinox, the
alive.
period of the
Hebrew Passover,
for
it
winter solstice;
is
St. Cyril mentions an extraordinary ceremony practised by the Alexandrians, that is to say, Egyptians. A letter was annually written to the women of Byblus, Phosnicia. Alexandria was to the south-west of Byblus, and, therefore,
the
winter
was enclosed in a cradle made of bulrushes, and some say the image kind of The letter of the babe Adonis, renewed, was also enclosed. was to the effect that the lost Adonis had been discovered. Mark that one of the titles of Bacchus is Myses or Mouses
Christmas time.
letter
(a
The
Adonis and Bacchus are sun in the early stages of his yearly progress.
described, that both
of the
231
Alexandrians,
we
are
told,
had performed
Mediterranean
with
sea,
its
enclosures,
it is
was committed
it
to the
and
stated
in
seven days.
These "seven
days
days," that
of the 20th.
On
mouth, as
Mount Libanus,
became
joyful.
the
women
During the day of mourning and lamentations, when Adonis was supposed to suffer, he was described as uttering
wailing
cries.
To
represent those
cries,
the
Greeks,
by the Phoenicians, that being the name of They were short flutes and they emitted remarkably melancholy sounds.
called Giggras
In Calmet's Fragments,
is
the following:
in Egypt,
''
Adonis, or
Tammuz, was
a deity well
known
of his yearly death was there commemorated." book The Syrian Goddess, attributed to Lucan,
In the
is
it
memory
country."
and great wailings are appointed throughout the Another account is as follows "After they have
:
beaten
theinselves
funeral
232
is
emblem
4619
b.c,
2505 B.C. We remind the reader that the sun's disc was often compared to a head or skull, and that the Syrian and Egyptian symbol of shaving the head, in March, had
really reference to the rayless condition of the
sun in Britain
December, and the act of shaving away the hair of the head was a token of sympathy with the sun in his apparent
in
rayless condition, as
solstice.
it
This
is
the
names Golgotha,
is
luddew, Avhich
is
an
{e
sound
to u)
Prophet^
Lewis Glyn Cothi time of the Wars of the Roses describes the Lord Jesus as '' the Dewin of Kazareth."' At present the word Dewin is used in the same sense as the word Magician is used in English.
Prophet of Hu.
EDINBUEGH.
Li the
earliest
is referred
The
I
Hu Hu
That "
Din.
and
in
Welsh.
Hu
''
(the sun)
meant seems
close to
hill,
to be confirmed by the fact that a celebrated Edinburgh, bears still one of the names of the
sun, viz.,
Arthur
Arthur's Seat.
that, in very
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
233
Sun, was often the scene of Druidic religious solar rites. Certain columnar geological formations of that hill are called Samson's Ribs. " Samson " is a Shemitic title of the sun.
Salisbury Crags, close by, also suggest solar associations,
for
''
and appears
We
every cromleach and every tumulus was, symbolically, the Delphus and belly of Ced, the birthplace, and the grave, of
the sun. a
coffin
is
still
called
Arch (Ark)
in
Welsh,
refuge of the sun after escaping into the sea from the pur-
The
earth, as the
all
Delphus and
produce, as well as of
was a Maid
a Gardener)
in spring,
Morwyn
or
and as the Husband of the Maid he was Tegid (All Beautiful), in spring and summer. Jerusalem, because the Ark, representing the earth's fecundity, was in its
centre, representing Ced's
womb,
in Greece,
and the personified earth's fecundity, was described as a garden: "I am come into my garden my " A garden enclosed is my sister-spouse." sister-spouse."
''
He
'*
The daughter
as a cottage in a vineyard,
" the
as a lodge in a garden."
^'is
Shechinah, as
his garden
"Venus
to the
bed of spices."
:
vineyard
"
Now
will I sing to
my
234
My
the
following
"
The Horn
Son
of Oil."
reading as follows: well-beloved hath the Horn of " The vineyard of the Lord of Hosts is the Son of Oil."
the
"My
House
of Israel."
Here, no doubt, the temple, with the Ark of the Covenant in it, is meant.
devil, or destroyer,
made use
hence the prophet states, in the name of the Creator, " A people who provoke me to anger continually to my face
;
alters of
;
brick" (instead of
unhewn
"
who
remain among graves, and lodge in monuments which eat of abominable things in their
By
devil worshippers
here seem to be doing honour to the devil, typified by the wild boar (Pluto) v/hich stabbed Adonis in the groin on
Mount Libanus.
still
The same
idea, in a
contrary sense,
is
time of year the sun is in the Zodiacal sign of the Fishes. But that is Sun worship, while the other is Satan worship.
"
fruitful
The Koman Catholics describe the Virgin Mary as a As a symbol of the garden " Venus again.
fecundity of the earth, but the belly of Ced, the Virgin Mary is the garden of the sun in March. Now comes the
?)
in a
235
buried in a stone kist, in the middle of a tumulus, symboland womb of Ced, the sun's birthplace each
summer.
is
Adonis
is
name
of the sun.
Myrrah, or Mary,
is
said to be the
mother of Adonis.
Myrrah
the Druidic
as
Morwyn, we have
March
20th, they
to
came
to represent
be the
sister-spo^ise.
Thus they represented Myrrah instead of Ced, as being the mother of Adonis. Mount Zion was also named Mount
Moriah.
sun, is Mynydd y Marw (Mount of the Dead), hence Mount Meru and Mount Moriah, of the Eastern Gentiles and Jews,
all
of
whom
To
revert again to
to Christianity
its scientific
aspect seem to have detected the Phoenician error, for they made the " church " to be the " bride " of the
Still,
earth,
Catholics confound Mary with both the "garden" and with Ced, wrongly placed, the mother of the sun The reader will still bear in mind that in the or Adonis.
solar allegory the old sun of every dying year is the father
Roman
of the
titles
year.
appears as if the name Aaron Hebrew name of the Ark of the names resemble each other so much
common
origin.
We
Gwrn
know
called
(Goorn), and
we have
;
it
name Said-wrn
(Saturn)
Said
the
Welsh Druidic
for
23G
the Linga, and
is
the symbo'i
.1
YA
i
the the
'-ss
orn of
"osts is
<srael.
derived from
Druids.
'oant
AND URANUS/
*.
/.
AmoDg
the
new
year's sun
y\
^use
*'on,
;
called
by that
title.
new
..^.
named Hu Gadarn (Hesous, or Hesus, the Mighty), (Lofty Hesous), Gwy Ton Bach (Young Bacchus)
"
-^-
kingdom " is the earth, as his consort, during ihe ^yar. During the year he receives titles descriptive of his manifested attributes during his progress through the
si
i
\s
of
the Zodiac,
viz.,
Dyvnwawl
Mo
nud,
In the East, owing to the error of mis -applying the title of Aaron, or Arawn, the earth is said to be the " kingdom" In the English New Testament the Greek of Ouranos. name, Ouranos, which is the same as Aaron, Arawn, and It is an act tampering Uranus, is translated " Heaven." " Repent ye for the kingdom of Ouranos is text. with the at hand " is translated " Repent ye for the kingdom of
Heaven
is
at
hand."
Ouranos
is,
also,
identical with
237
is
^-
the old
Dec.
2:
summer.
is
said
t'
/^^ t^is
Morwyi as we
'
Greek Testament, states, "It has been ^y recent critics that Ouranos signifies, not the
9.
the
ei
.'
From
the use of
17,
came
moth
>s)
G
'
Thus
mot)
'^Iqy
s'
^ to
Kingdom
of God.^
'e,
is
clearly
is
implied
that
Ouranos, Uranus,
A'
wn, or Aaron,
Chflsu^, is
that God.
Si
which moved as having life.'^ Those stones can be no other than Logans, or Rocking-stones, of
In ancient times
it
the Druids.
was a common
practice to
names
sentations on earth of
it
the emanations
passing
through
from the Creator. Sanchoniathon's statement, therefore, seems to imply that an old priest of the old sun contrived to erect stones which " moved as having life."
MoREWYN, Mary,
The Adonis
ism,
Miria.m
and Myrrah.
is
said to be the
son of Myrrah, the same as Marios, Mary, and, in DruidMorwyn (Maid). This is like the absurdity of saying
is
he
own
Mark
sister- spouse,
St.
St.
JIatthew
vii.,
.34.
34.
p.
xii.,
97
238
was the mother of Moses. The error is due to dating the new sun in spring, instead of December 22nd, thereby implying the sun's sister-spouse, otherwise Venus, is his mother. To be correct, Ced, called Cetus, Der Ketos, Delphus (Womb), is Adonis's mother on December 22nd, and Myrrah is his sister-spouse on March 21st.
birth of the
239
CHAPTER
COCK AND HEN
XYIII.
SY:\rBOL.
rites,
HERE
is
Hebrews.
When
Gwydrin (Glass Coracle), which w^as an egg-like symbol, and is now called " Mundane Egg," to symbolise the
anarchial condition of the elements with which, afterwards,
the earth
was constructed
employed
in
an orderly or
of
scientific
man-
which they
Holy Love, to symbolise called y lar Ceridwen, the Hen the heat of the feminine principles, but none active unless the masculine bird had imparted into the contents of the
eg^ his
fertilising attribute.
To symbolise
the masculine
principle, the
hen
an
illustration is given of
beak
is
given, in
Saviour.
in unity.
Underneath the Greek letters, Zeus Soter, or, Jupiter the The two wings of the cock complete the trinity In Druidism, the " beak implies Hu Dad Eilir
''
Hu
Father of the Vernal Equinox, otherwise, lu-Pater of He is personified under the title Tegid,
Alawn (Hermes), &c. It implies the sun's fertilising emanation on March 21st, as the Seminal Logos, when,
jointly with the earth's emanation from Ced,
it
fertilises
the seeds in
it.
Jerusalem being
240
THE LIGHT OF
BRII'ANNIA.
no longer available there can be no sacrifice take a white cock, on the Day of Atonement (Sept. 10th, lunar 21st, solar, O.S.) and the women, a white hen. The cock they swing three times about the head of the priest, After saying, " This cock shall be a projDitiation for me." the Jews swinGf the cock three times they acknowledge
;
The swinging
of the cock.
The
Lamb, symbol
Egypt)
; ;
of Jupiter
the
the devil.
solstice Capricornus,
ing of the
civil
TEATH
There
old sun at the winter solstice, or the end of the solar year,
was, as regards
its
death
evil
emanations the Druids symbolised by the evil trinity already To be exact, we must state described (see page 19).
241
was
named Hu Gadarn
Taliesin.
(Flesus,
From
thence to the
summer
;
solstice
(June
21sfc,)
equinox (Sept. 23rd,) forward he was called Tegid. Voel (Bald, All Beautiful) and Arthur. Then followed the name Nearer, still, to December Dyfynwawl (Sombre Light) 20th, he was named Dyfynwawl-Moel-Mud (Sombre Light, Bald and Dumb) this had reference to his almost rayless
;
and
Later on
he received the title of Saidwrn (Saturn) and, last of all, Arawn signifies, Arawn, or Ouranos, on Dec. 20th.
literally,
'*
Hir yw aros
Arawn " (Long the waiting for Arawn). But, idiomatically, Arawn signifies, inertness, bordering on death the con-
dition, also, of
Mars, the
devil, in the
Libanus
in the
work
Li the East, on Dec. 20th every year, the sun was, among name is derived from
Osiris,
Peorus or
but the
name was
is
In the Psalms
is
They join
people,
At
to
this season
it
kind of blandish-
ment
him, like
sending
goat
Azazel,
over the sun of God, the dying old regent of the Creator in
p
242
The
now
inflict
physical injuries
on themselves, so as
But Moses
told
the Hebrews,
"
Ye
make any
dead"
(sun)
the worship by
the sun.
marks upon you I am the Lord." This injunction implies " Moses of the Destroyer who had " killed
some of those nations of the East, including the Hebrews, who symbolised the Author of Darkness, or the devil, by the figure of a boar, abstained
It is curious to find that
Latin
satirist,
:
Hebrews
"
Quidam
sorfciti
numeu adoraut
'
Nee distare putant humana earue suillam, Qua pater abstinuit. Mox et prffiputia poninit, Romanas autem soliti contemnere leges Judaicnm ediscunt et servant ac metuuut jus,
*
f^'ed
=::=
Ignava, et partem
non
attigit ullam."
Worship no god except the clouds and sky And deem swine's flesh as sacred as a man's
;
Because
And, holding in contempt the Roman laws. They learn and keep and fear the Jewish code,
*
'I'lieii-
#
is
* in sloth
father
to blame,
who passed
The scveuth
day,
243
The Druids
are
still
of
Anglesea were
called,
or, "
that
is to say,
Swine of the Sacred Cow, meanino-, the The same epithet is applied, to this
We
numerous notable Druidic remains. Wales in the direction of the know, by Druidic songs which have come
Faber informs us that the
priests of the
the sun passing through the seven of the Phoenicians, were called swine as
an honourable distinction.
devil
fied
That the Hebrews supposed the were partial to swine, we see exempliby the readiness with which, in the country of the
and
his angels
Gadarenes, a legion
herd of swine
into each pig.
about
about 6,000 of
2,000
three,
or a trinity, of devils
It will
be borne in mind
name
it is
before the
evident
it
to
in
We
re-
much
Tammuz,
otherwise
one,
is
to say,
nocturnal
heat
of
the
atmosphere,
that
certain
each
to
old
say,
and
in
at in
then
young
viii.,
again
14,
perpetually.
Singular
Ezekiel
we
tind
Hebrews when
p 2
241
Tammnz
tor
they are
for
Tammnz
was
rite
curious
name, '-'Bethlehem," it signifies Betli-el-cham (objective case), and compounded of Bvvth (Booth) or Bedd (Grave) El (Sun) and Cham (Black) In the place where the Booth or Grave of the Black Sun. the death of the old sun, as Tammuz, was ritually observed,
:
would be
also
forty
It appears, judging
in
by the
where the death of the old sun and the birth of the youngsun had
is six
1
miles to
we
find a
name
HOW
THI']
The story as to how the temple came to be erected on Mount Moriah Mount Meru of the Hindoos, and Mynydd
y Marw (Hill of the Dead) of Druidism is very significant. In I. Chron. xxi., and u. Samuel xxiv,, IG, &c., we find the In verse 19 of the first chapter here mentioned we are told that the tabernacle of the Lord,
circumstances related.
altar of burnt
High
Place, at Gibeon.
In
I.
Kings
iii.,
4,
the locality
is
called the
Great High
told, " the
Place.
people sacrificed in
built unto the
there
was no House
it
Name
Lord."
In verse o
is
said,
in Gibeon, for
245
it
from
tliere into
in a tent
on the
site of the
Aruua
In
ii,
Samuel
xx,. 8,
we
are
told there was a great stone in Gibeon, which, uo doubt, formed a part of the Great High Place, as the Stones of
Gilgal, Bethel,
called
Ebenezer,
formed
sanctuaries, before a
Name
of the Lord."
similar
stone
no
identical
stone
still
site of the temple at Jerusalem, and is now covered by the dome of " the Sakrah." " It is," states Dean Stanley, " the most curious monument of Old Jerusalem."
remains on the
states,
"It
is
and
fifty feet in
another.
about
five
mosque
feet
the (enclosure,
Omar) is twelve feet above the general level of making the height of the stone seventeen above the ground." ^ The temple stood on that spot,
(of
and must have enclosed that stone. It is a natural fixture, and has been treated with reverence by Jebusites, Hebrews, Romans, and Mahomedans.
THE
STONE
(lapis
OF
THE
FOUNDATION
FUNDATIONIS).
in lieu of the
Ark
of the
Covenant
in
Ark
and can there be any doubt that the " Stone of Foundation,"
as a substitute, implied this very stone, sixty feet one way,
fifty feet
We
site of
the
translated
246
"threshing floor,"
Druidic Welsh,
Geren.
It
is
very
much
why
?
like the
known
the open
being threshed,
is
thrown into a great heap in the centre of the ring. Is it not, therefore, very probable " Geren," in the first place, signifies any heap, and, in the second, a threshing floor ?
still
stands on the
Holy
of
Ark Stone by
and
is
Marvellous to
to
state, the
name
of the Jebusite
who
is said
Oman.
Araunah,
or,
in
Hebrew,
remind the reader one of the titles of the sun, as an old god at the winter solstice, is Arawn, and he is then
represented as a dying
called, also,
We
Head
is
"Foundation Stone" (Lapis Fundationis), as the foimdation of the Jewish religion, Jesus seems to have had this Lapis Fundationis in his mind when he uttered the words in reference to another " rock," viz " upon this rock I will build my church." He to allude to some other church, built upon some other seems rock. Did he allude, as a contrast, to the Lapis Fundationis as the Ark, and the basis of the creed of the
the
:
Reverting again
Hebrews
Or
247
was
in
the
of
emblem
Was
Dovid (God)
which had
and referred
to
last chapter of
Amos ?
states Calmet,
of
Oaks"
"were"
altars
And Joshua
Book of
the
Law of
up there under an oak that was by the sanctuary of the Lord." This was at Shechem. " And Joshua said unto the people, Behold this stone shall be a witness unto us, for it hath heard all the words of the
a Great Stone, and set
it
Judges
I.
vi.,
2
x.,
i.
Kings
xiii.,
14;
6;
Chron.
12; Judges
;
ix.,
Isaiah
It
i.,
29,
Ivii.,
5;
Hosea
was into an oak grove on the Plain of Mamre, Adonai, in three persons, and one of whom Abraham addressed by the name Jehovah, entered It was He who spoJce to Abraham, and to visit Abraham.
xiv.,
13
who
is
addressed as Jehovah,
is
Word
of God,
Taking
all
"Was Abraham a
Druid
oak as a Druid could be. Was Joshua a Druid ? He certainly conformed to that character when he raised a great stone under an oak, at which stood the tabernacle of Shechem ^ and when he
?
;
He was
observed that the stone had heard the words of the Lord. Was Samuel a Druid ? When he erected his Ebenezer, his
"stone of help," he did that wdiich a Druid would have done." " The famous oracle of Dodona stood among oaks the oak was sacred to lupater (Jupiter) Anion " (Hidden
^
Principal
Edwards
was
stationed nt
Shechem.
\ulv Epistle
Hebrews,
v., 1,
248
Father lu).
at
Rome,
between two
sacred
groves
of
oaks.
whose language was Cyraraeg, or Welsh, are the earliest mankind, and that the Gorsedd was the earliest tabernacle erected to the Almighty on earth.
THE
ARCHDRUID.
The Archdruid,
said
where the three symbols \|/ met in a point, implied that three Divine emanations focussed them-
Gorsedd
in
Circle,
selves
him.
Word
incarnate.
He, therefore, symbolised the Divine Such was our Druidic High Priest! It is
lost in Greece.
title
coming through the new sun during the had been " renewed," Homer states
:
"Three brother
deities
In Volney's Ruins of Empires is a remarkable quotation from Plutarch's. It shows clearly the Orientals' deification
of the devil.
is
given the
name
of
Ahriman, and the monstrous error of placing the devil as the third personified emanation of the Almighty is clearly shown in the quotation: '' Many suppose," writes Plutarch,
" there be two gods of opposite inclinations, one delighting
in
Diun, Halic,
cnp. lo.
249
the best
rejjresentation of the
He
adds that
^^
Mithras
cm iiitermediate
Fersians
observe
will
being,
and
is,
Mediator or Intermediator.''
person in
The reader
many
other
trinities,
Deity,
is
Gwron (Hero)
is
resisting evil
(Hermes
Harmony
or Mercury).
As
the Archdruid on
earth with his face towards the east, and standing on the
Mound Cromleach,
From Marchogydd
"gods," on earth.
or the
Logan Stone, he
is
Marchogydd,
derived the
name
Mercurius.
He
is
He
is
March
21st,
when
The
summer. Light and Darkness, is a Mediator, and was called Mithras by the ancient Persians. The Persian Ormuzd is the Druidic Plenydd, or the sun on June 21st. The sun is then at the highest point of his strength, and is compared to man in his virile prime. Ahriman, the third person of the Persian trinity, between whom and Ormuzd, Mithras stands as Mediator, is, same as Pluto, the third person of the Latin trinity Hades, or Dis, the third of the Greek trinity
;
&c.
The
250
is
Gwron
the
system.
We
Gwron (Hero)
is
an offering not
!
The
we have
in other
the equator
he
rises in
summer
(in
Crab
and
Goat
21st,
Druidism), respectively.
Masonic Sign. Tlie Bee as symbol of tlie .Sun in S])riiig Fertilising Nature. Botanists know Bees convey luaseuline Pollen from male flowers to fertilise the seeds of female tlowers. Tlie Seooiul clianulfr in facli Trinity is tlie
symbol
of the
liogos.
251
Persian Sun)
Abel
Noah,
Ja]>hetli
or
Setli
Eden Garden.
Ark.
Hebkews
Adonai, or Elohira (Tln-ee Gods)
PiOMAX
Saturn (the Old Sun)
Abraham
Isaac
Jacob
Neptune
Jupiter
Pinto
Palestine.
Earth
Greek
Sun
Poseidon
Zens
Eartli.
Dis
We
in
Roman
Jupiter
earth in
spring,
and not
in the incorrect
usually given.
2r)2
A.D.
325.
He
states
"when
;
made
the
Word
co-eternal,
substance
icould have
seemed
"
to
them
to
do
so."
Substance
Person
Three Forms.
Essence
The above
One
and
Eternal Father
shin
Three
and by the
engaged in prayer.
T\PHON OR
])EVIL WORSHIP.
for them,
Typhonian,Jrom ancient
'
EcTTt
5'
/';
In
the
Josephus' Greek version, the word Typhonian, that is to say, set apart for devilish worship, is rendered " Tiypho."^
it
continued
down
'
to his time,
300 b.c,
to be a city devoted
p. 618.
TPIE
LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
253
:
Manetho proceeds
it,
(the
and hokling
this in revolt,
who was
said to he
to
obey him in
all things.
But he
made
a law for
them
Cow, sacred to Isis 11. Goat, sacred to Myses, or Bacchus). The said See Exodus viii., 25-26. verses corroborate Manetho's statement respecting the manner in which the Jews conducted themselves towards the
sacred animal symhols of Egypt.
He
had his name changed when he went over and was called Moyses.^
Josephus
is,
to this nation,
on
to state the
name
]\Ioses is
Mouses, and
signified, a
person
who
is
call water MoU. So was Adonis and Bacchus called Myses, Taliesin, from the coracle, &c.
Genesis: "And Jehovah" (so it is in " appeared unto him in the plains of Mamre, and Hebrew) Abraham sat " (among oaks) " in the door of his tent in the
able narrative in
up his eyes and looked, and and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground, and said, Adonai, if now I have found favour
heat of the day.
lo,
And
he
lifted
;
three
men
stood by
him
'
it is
in
thy servant.'"
vidual, or
He
one Jehovah
(Name
He
Himself).
*
Rev. Dr.
J.
Rcnrdx. yy.
i'li-b.
Ed.
18o(i.
254
It will
titles
of the sun, in
whom
Abraham stood would be, in essence, one Adonai, or Lord, and Abraham addressed the three as one Memra, or Logos,
accordingly.
xv., we have reference to a same three ''men " to Abraham, among the oaks of Mamre, intimating to him the forthcoming birth Tioo of the three appeared to Lot afterwards. of Isaac. Where had the third gone to ? He had lingered behind on the road with Abraham, where the Patriarch pleaded with him on behalf of the inhabitants of Sodom and Gomorrah. The tJiird person, when alone with Abraham, is addressed by the Name Jehovah by the Patriarch, and He is bent on
an avenger in consequence of
which
On
to
Hebrews represent the sanguinary Abel as more acceptable Heaven than Cain, gives to their Creed a Typhonic and
But the important point is that it sanguinary character. was the third person of the three visitors to the Patriarch, among the oaks, was the one who is said to have actually The two other persons called "angels" in the destroyed. next chapter of the Authorised Version went to exercise We find Jehovah actually mercy by warning Lot.
Amos
iii.,
Jehovah, do all these things " xlv., 7. And " Shall there be evil in the city, and 6
:
255
done
it
Tlie entire
sym-
bohsed by the Ark and the Shechinah, and the Rod of Aaron which budded and the destructive principle sym;
altar with
by sending a goat
to
Azazel on the
evil as
is
Goodness
for
purifies
evil
And
fit
Gwynva
or
Heaven.
^
256
CHAPTER
T
is
XIX.
INCAENATIONS.
necessary in this place to describe
why
it
was
and other
to time, incarnate.
trinities
was said
to
person,
Alawn
or
Hermes, Mercury on
trinity, is
March
21st.
the week.
Woden's, or Mercury's Day, is the middle day of The sun then, as the ancient's believed, transearth,
to
by rays
This
'J
is
the reason
why Alawn
or
Hermes
is
ad,
Tot, Ted,
Taut, Tau,
being a
name Tad of the Druids speaking The sun in spring, from 2,505 b.c.
which period
it
in Aries, at
entered in
March 21st it
Waterer.
will
commence
must point out here, parenthetically, the fact the in the sign of the Goat from December 22nd till January 20th. Therefore, the tenth month, Tebeth, of the Jews, during which Noah's Deluge commenced, has next to it " Water," personified as Waterer and immedisun
is
;
We
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
ately after
fact
it
257
come
Fishes.
that
:
Fishes
follows
Waterer,
and wrote
as
follows
"
And
lastly
sitting
;
Drawn
two Fishes, for the season fitting, Which, through the Flood bpfore, did softly
of
glide.'"
Book
vii.
Now, during the long period of 2,115 years, when the sun rose in spring in the sign of Aries or the Earn -Lamb,
lu-Pater, or In Father, was represented as a
eventually, as a
Ram
The
and,
man
horns on his
earth's
head,
one on each
or of the
side
of
his
temples.
Lamb,
Ram, Sun.
wards borrowed
still
to set
An
is
yew
female
sheep,
in the time of Chaucer it was spelt ewe, a and the Phcenicians had a sheep as the
consort of Jupiter.
This sheep
is
and with
Venus Aphrodite, or Sea Foam, by the Greeks, which is also the exact meaning of the Druidic M6rew3"n, usually now used to designate a Maid, by the Welsh of the present
day.
She
is
identical as said
before, with
Myrrah, or
Mar}^ "Mother"
that
correctly.
shifting
solstice
Consort
the
to
beginning
the
year
from
the winter
the vernal
equinox or spring.
Myrrah, or
lu
Mary,
is
Almighty
Celi,
was
his real
mother, when he rose from the sea on Dec. 22nd. importance of this point can not be over estimated.
The
Q
258
In the Welsh almanacs, down to the present day, Lady Day, or March 25th, first day of spring of the erroneous
Julian Calendar,
"the day of the impregnation of Mary of the Equinoctial line'' Dydd beichiogiad Mair y Cyhydedd. This expression is a Druidic survival and it called, by the Romans, Mother refers to the Virgin Earth being now impregnated by the Alawn sun, of the Gods otherwise Tegid, her young husband.
is
called
remind the readers that, in Druidism, it is tho time The of the year when the sun and the earth are married.
bride
is
We
budding flowers, and her diamonds are brilliant rivers, glittering seas, and dancing mountain rivulets, and their Thus the Divine wedding bells are the songs of birds
emanation, as rays from the sun, awakening the seeds of the earth in spring, induced the Druids to represent the
second person of
incarnate
ising the
;
their
trinity
as
becoming,
himself,
and the
circular
Church
round earth above the rational horizon, was the sister-spouse of the Archdruid, who represented the sun on
earth.
Thus
is
Myrrah
it is
found in
One
This must have come into use Druids had discovered the earth was spherical in
its
base
flat.
259
emblem
the
things.
The
body"
it.
babe
It
unborn
is
life
within
seems the earth's inertness in winter and the inertness same season, were supposed to be due to
both
the
physical
l)ody
of the earth
and the
the
physical
body
of the sun.
The
poets gave
now
Ovum
Tyj^honis, or
Egg
name The
Hen
spirit of Ced as coming to the rescue and they gave to that spirit the figure of the Ceridwen Hen of Holy Love and l)y brooding over
it
apparent
moment
and
it is
quickened
moon
six
which the Divinity's masculine principle descended, and which was symbolised by a cock, consort of the said hen at other times a white dove, and at other times a wren is the symbol employed for it to
upon
an older sym
fertilise
the
earth
into
Ceridwen hen has entered already, the moon came designated Meen, or Mind (\l/), the said mascuhne
ising influence being described as the
Mind
of the Creator.
is
Meen
of the
moon.
We
have shown Q 2
260
that, in
called
Men-yM,
or Mind, and
between Aronia and Anglesea, a place strikingly associated with Druidism, is called Menau. not " Menai " and signifies Minds, doubtless in reference
the
name
to the
many
who
Anglesea
on the said
straits often
ing to the solar allegory, from the ruins of the old sun on
the afternoon of every
December 20th.
derived from the above association of
There
is
Man
the
in the
Moon"
is
moon with
Ced
Meeu, or Mind,
the
As
It
is,
is still
called ark in
unquestionably, a
name used
in the
name
It is a striking
the
side of a
Welsh bed
is
or
Ark
of the
Foam,
that
to say, of the
is
Sea, given to a
given to a coffin.
"Lodging
men
is
of a Gruest:
of his household
slept,
Varwy)
until the
thrice,"
dawn
and the
enumer-
symbol of Divine
of
Also
:
following
manner
ating days
Heddyw
(to-day),
261
(to-day),
Backwards, as follows
Heddyw
Ddoe
day
(yesterday),
Echddoe
is
the
backwards.
We
believe
to the third
corrupt form of
the entry of the
in reference to
Mother Ced's Delphus, the three days (Deer. 20th, 2lst and 22nd,)
In reference to the crescent-shaped boat, Faber, in his Mysteries of the Cafiin, remarks, "The Chaldean astronomers, having observed the resemblance of the crescent
moon
to a boat,
we
same
"The
mythologists,"
he goes on
to state,
sometimes the globe of the earth, emerging from the waters. This I apprehend to be the only key that can unlock the hidden meaning of the mysterious polytheism of the ancients." We cannot undertimes the ark, and
stand
the figure
was
that
of the
or
to be also
Nature, or Venus
namely Ced of the Druids, Mother of the Sun and Ced rising in the sea to receive the
;
At other times a serpent was represented encircling the egg. The Creator's and Ced's combined wisdom was symboHsed by the said serpent fertilising the egg, or inert The sun is referred to by the earth, in the spring time.
title
of
Aeon
262
Mronifr
The
expression " cast his skin " alluded to the idea that
the sun of the old j^ear had his body destroyed in the
THE EARTH
IN
AITTFMN
AND WINTER.
personified under the
The earth in Autumn was also name Beroe (to bear) carrying the
to be in labour in
Alawn, otherwise Tegid (sun), was said to contribute. In September the sun is in the eastern heavens, in the sign of the Virgin, and the earth in the western heavens, in Aries. But, doubtless, what is meant by assisting at her delivery,
the sunshiny days of harvest
"
Upon Beroe
gladness,"
;
testified
The meaning
;
is
obvious.
Beroe, (Sanscrit
Brhi
Greek, Phero
womb
in the
or belly.
St. David's
Head,
Bru
sound to
xi),
locality.
Beroe
is
(1)
Daughter
Oceanus is Heat in Humidity, as a masculine from above Beroe's mother is Terra (Ced), or the heat arising from the earth in moisture, as a feminine principle the two principles by contact with each other, by the said agencies, giving activity to the seeds of the vegetable kingdom. Oceanus and Neptune are the same personage, and are names of the nocturnal sun, or Bacchus
of Oceanus.
principle, descending
;
;
263
fall
bis
strength.
name of Bacchus, as a child. Indeed, it seems to us the Greek name is derived from the Druidic Bach (Little), the first name being dropped,
Gwyion Bach
the Draidic
as a full
name. Professor
Max
Lectures (Lond., 1878, p. 278, Note). He reads Dionysis (Bacchus) Dyu-Nis-ya, that is to say, the Child of Day and
Night, or, of
Bacchus
Gwy and
the
title
Nevydd-Nav-Neivion It should be distinctly remem(Leader Lord Constructor). bered that each of the mythological characters is old and young alternately old at the end of the solar year and again
Leader Lord)
of
receive
of the next
Forgetting this
fact,
name to the same and then mixing up all the different names, are the causes which made mythology appear an inextricable confusion. (2) Beroe as an old woman and nurse of Semele.
each nation giving a different
personifi-
By Semele
is
s sap,
or unctuous-
growth of vegetation.
(Grease), but
This, in Drnidism,
is
called
Saim
when
commonly Nov.
It signifies Constructor, hence Nevydd-Nav-Neivion as a Druidic title of God. The said Nevydd-Nav-Neivion is the
Druidic Oceanus.
to
Beroe
is to
said
be
silent,
warmth,
falls silently
because the dew, containing the fertihsing what Silenus is to Bacchus, who is
precisely the
Old Beroe
is
At
first sight it would seem that, to be correct, old Silenus and old Beroe should be husband and wife. The reason why they are not so represented is that they are aged foster
264
Too
left
is
which
Lord of Day.
is
But
Bacchus
it is
meant by
Silenus.
Saturn or Arawn,
Young Apollo, otherwise Adonis, &c., becomes old Tammuz, and known by other titles
;
Myses-Bacchus, of the
becomes old Silenus, the foster-father of the ensuing year's young Bacchus, towards the close of the solar year. Thus there are two old men gods, side by side, in December, one being the personified daily sun under the title of Saturn, &c., and the other the personified nocturnal sun under the title of Silenus. In another part of this work we call attention to the similarity of the said
two old
men gods
to Elijah
in the East,
and Moses, and Jesus to the and Hesus the Mighty and
Now
made mythology
in
unintelligible,
except
to
the
initiated
the
greater
mysteries.
Juno is the earth blooming in the height of summer. She is developed Isis ii., Easter, Venus, Morewyn,
Ashtaroth of the Phoenicians, and, as to each of them, the
cow was
sacred to her.
solicit
his vigour
and majesty.
This innocent
Semele did
265
becomes
in vegetation
summer.
to wither,
finally,
Semele was
pregnant
that he
was taken out of Semele's body alive, and then placed in the "thigh "of Jupiter, where he remained two months, and was tlien born. It is represented, therefore, that Semele was gone seven months with the babe Bacchus when she perished, that is to say, when the fermentation of the earth's sap ceased. Tlu time of the autumnal equinox is meant, which, according to Jewish and other eastern calendars, is in the month Tishri and corresponding with our September or October O.S. AYhen Easter falls in
April,
October
is
the Seventh
month
of the
Hebrew and
later
Grease).
Two months
which
is
solstice,
nine
By
ness.
is
meant
tlie
Creator's Almighti-
The
nations confounded
Semele, or the
of
an emanation
and of the " thigh " of Jupiter, or of God's Here Jupiter omnipotence, was said to be two mothered. is confounded with the Almighty. Moses, whose name in a correct form, is Mouses or Myses, a title of Bacchus,
Ced,
is
also
said
the
Jewess,
muthis states
have had two mothers, viz., Jocabed, and Thermutis, states Calmet, but TherJosephus, daughter of Pharaoh.
to
266
until
by
Jocabed (meaning I A O is Glorious) his Jewish mother, and Mouses, Myses-Bacchus was hid tioo months in the *' thigh " of Jupiter, and seven months in the body of Semele. Now, mark the following Semele, as we have
:
or
Thermutis,
the
warm name
Thermuthis,
daughter,
is
Pharaoh's
Thermeo
Had the narrative stated Moses had been hid six months by Thermutis, and three months by Jocabed, why, it would have been sufficient to induce one to suppose both the
Moses and the history of Myses-Bacchus were identical. But the above marvellous coincidences are not all. Moses was found on the Nile, in a boat, constructed
histories of
of bulrushes
Adonis, the
name
of the sun
in
Phcenicia,
&c
was
made
of
bulrushes,
the
Mediterranean
;
from
Alexandria,
(Ark Place)
his
Myses-Bacchus
a third
;
membyum
his "
vh^ilis
made
Moses
and
is
rod" makes a
third.
Dr.
Adam
Clarke, in his
Commentary on
hence he
"Bacchus
Diodorus and is also called Nilus, both by Macrobius and in the hymns of Orpheus, he is named Mysus is Mysus, because he was drawn out of the water. The Druidic said also by Orpheus to be a law-giver." Dyvn AVawl Moel Mud (Dunwallo Molmutus), one of the
;
267
the sun
when he
is
and
was those laws which were revised by King Howell the Good and his Council of Wales in a.d. 930.
Mysus-Bacchus is described as being accompanied by a Moses was accompanied by Caleb, which is the
for
dog.
Hebrew
Bacchus
troubled
dog.
Snakes were
Python.
fiery
sacrificed
to
Bacchus.
Moses
also experienced
with the
fiery
came down to the time of Hezekiah, who, because the people had made an idol of it, called it in " A triple serpent derision, Nehushtan (a Trifle of Brass).
ones.
is
extant at
Constantinople
Calmet.
St.
George
killing the
the serpent,
system.
still
to be
Mercury stands on the terrestial equator facing the east, aatheminister of the Gods, and the serpent which is opposite his left hand is a golden serpent (St. George) and the serpent opposite his represents the power of summer right hand is a Red Dragon (Mars) representing the power
Mercury.
;
of winter or destruction.
and the impenitent tliieves, one on each side of the cross of the Lord Jesus. The penitent one must have been on his right hand and the impenitent on his left hand.
represented as having been attacked, whilst In Welsh, the name of asleep, by a two-headed serpent.
Bacchus
is
268
Avagddu
really
compounded
of
(the)
Vagu
Magu
as
if
(to nurse)
and
a
from
seems
Du
(darkness).
It actually
the V, the
initial letter of
"Vagu."
mutated form
two headed serpent. Two-headed because the evil spirit has no generative function to perform as has the middle rod of \|/, and therefore, he is represented minus the membrum virilis implied by the middle stroke of the symbol \|/. The middle stroke of the sign has been explained. The wings of the dove and wren, in each case, describe the span of the eastern heavens from
symbolically
virile attribute,
THE LIGHT OF
BlllTAXNIA.
269
CHAPTER XX.
MOSES, JOSHUA,
AND
is
it
JESUS.
HE
Annwn (Egypt
all
of the
incor-
Hebrew
the source of
was originally of the sun and the earth, and that the sun Mysus, whose government was afterwards transferred to Young Joshua (Jesus) was born of Ced (Nun a Fish) by the power of his Father Ion, that is to say, the Almighty Himself. Afterwards Ion and Ced (Latona), otherwise Cetus, Der
poreal existences, as
Ketos,
Nun
lives
lives,
and
the
those
derived
by
the
influence
of
warmth
into
everywhere
within
to
from
of the
the
sun,
were
of
raised
sphere
operation
natural
laws,
be there
body of the sun and of human beings, each in a bodj', is first act of the Creator and His Consort Ced, called, also, the Black Virgin. The second act is the dissoluthe
tion of that
human body by
hence
Welsh name
for
death
in
is
anghau (unshutting)
to occupy in
life,
another body,
he had qualified
man
deemed a
state
The
will,
following lines of
Pope
is
human
according to Druidism
" Binding nature fast in
The Creator
will,"
human
270
The Latin poet, Lucan, must have thoroughly understood what the Druids taught regarding death, for he states
:
fiy
And
Thns
other bodies in
life for
find,
ever runs
endless race.
And
A A
moment
last,
In Druidism,
the
"wilderness''
is
between the present and the future life eternal is compared to the terrestial equmoctial line, dividing winter and
summer.
This
it
"line"
is
seeds in
spirilual
along
its
banks.
river of
lives,
the
material
substances,
like
solstitial
river,
colure,
Hebrews
thee,
practised
baptism of r<?-generation.
answered and said unto him, Verily, Verily, I say unto except a man be born again, he cannot see the
of God.
Kingdom
a
Nicodemus
How
can
man
old
Jesus answered,
spirit,
Except a
man
he cannot
God." By the " water " is to be understood Ced, Cetus, Dolphin (Delphus womb) the Font of the Church Der Ketos, in the sea; by the "Spirit" is to be understood the Creator Celi, under his title of Ion The Jordan is used to prefigure the sea and (Leader).
enter into the
Kingdom
of
life
sj)iritnal ones.
would direct the attention of the reader to the fact, that although the Jews, on entering under the leadership of Joshua or Jesus, stood to the east of Jericho, and
We
271
that
of the
Ram
of the Zodiac
as a
Ram
14.
(Aries), but as a
Host
13
&
Lamb-Ram
as humanised,
as the
" East."
It
is
when
the sun
is
rising in
Ram)
in Britain,
he
is
The multitudes
Bacchus'
train,
Sea "Red"
that
is
to
say,
because in
was into it he, the old goat Pan, otherwise, old Silenus (Moses of the year before) had bled from the wounds he had received from Typlion, in the
the local Solar
it
drama
following
He
is
the
causitor of the union of life with matter, and law and order,
or a truce in spring,
between
light
between
in the vegetable
cold February, sitting In an old waggon, for lie could not ride, Drawn by two fishes (Pisces) for the season titting, Which fhroiigh the flood before did softly glide,
* * * swiiu away. After those there came day and night, Riding together both with eciual pace (Marcli 21) Th' one on a palfrey black the other white, But night had coverVl her uncomely face With a Black Veil, and held in hand a mace (sceptre) On top whereof the moon and stars were pight (fixed). And sleep and darkness round about did trace (move). But Day did bear upon liis sceptre's height The goodly Sun encompassed all with beames bright."
And
\ii..
\i.
.'i52
272
from Egypt
Egypt is Hades or Erebus, the Annwn of the Druids. Aaron and Moses are Arawn (the Pharaoh is Satan. the diurnal old sun), and Mysus-Bacchus (Silenus) The Children of Israel are the nocturnal sun grown old. Pharaoh's progeny or children of the sun and earth. Egyptian army are the myrmidons of bla:k Hades. Miriam Mary Mother is the Myrrah of the Phoeni-
of
Arawn* (EHjah
is
Shabbetha,
or
Jah
is
Arawn) and
Mysus-Bacchus, or
Anima, replying
this book.
to
The "Wilderness"
from
is
by the Jordan, and the land flowing and honey symbolised by Palestine is the with milk whole earth, above the rational horizon, when the sun is to It the north of the equator during the summer months.
That
The music
high priest symbolise the same thing as the song of the newly born Moses, echoed back by newly born Miriam, his
" sister," both having just ascended from the sea.
'
II., \>.
5U4.
273
The Hebrew sacred year begins really at the time of the year when the sun entered the first point of the sign of the
Ram
(east)
The last thing the Hebrews are said to have done before leaving Egypt was killing the Ram of the Passover ;
When
act
first
was erecting a stone circle of twelve stones, Druidic model (Joshua iv.)
;
after the
On
14th Nisan
but
adding 11 days
to be solar,
our
March 25th,
(Joshua
V. 10)
0.8.,
Ram
of
the
Passover
Then came
As
Ram
sign at
first
eastern point,
day of spring
March
summer
region.
It will
"Dead"
two on the
March 21st
25tli
both west
God.
walls falling
of the
Ram's
(Aries)
horn
not
the
Rams'
-is
when
Ram
(first
point of
March
or
when
Jews hold
their Fassover,
and
Paschal lamb
the Egyptian
R
Jupiter
Amon,
Hu Father Amen
(Hidden).
2 hi
THE
LlcaiT
OF BRITANNIA.
It is interesting to
Joshua
the
son
the
first
act the
Jews
are recorded as
river
performing after
crossing
Jordan, the
named
it
"on
the east
si[))i
of the
Ram
or
Lamb
of
the Zodiac.
Hu
leading
and
summer.
The "crossing of tlie Jordan" took place on the lOth dayof Nisan (March O.S.). The lunar year being eleven
days shorter than the solar one, Nisan 10th
is
made
to
mean March
Roman
vernal equinox.
It is
all
Gwenydva
Annwn,
down in the south-east on Dec. 22Qd, when, each year, he enters the Zodiacal sign of the Goat or Tan, and of Bacclius-Molises. He, as the old sun of
ascending from low
the year before,
extremities
is is
known
he-goat.
In
whose lower
is
spriug
he
identical
Hermes, Thoth,
Tab
275
power
in spring, that
when each Roman child was permitted, for the Toga Virilis, as a sign that he also had attained puberty, or the state of manhood.
the year
first
Minerva (Divine Mind or Wisdom) is identical with Ced consort of the Almighty Cell, with whom (Celi) Jupiter
and Zeus are frequently confounded in the literature of Greece and Rome. As the mother of the goat-headed babe sun Mysus-Bacchus, on December 22nd, Minerva is
represented with a she-goat's breast (^Egus).
We
repeat,
As a roamer
her
hair.
of Ced,
Delphus
fishes
in
repre-
sented
with
she
As
reflecting
Divine
Wisdom
is
also
The Greeks,
represent the
in
their
mythological
confusion,
having
^gus, or goat-skin of Minerva's braast, as " having been taken from the goat which suckled the infant Jupiter," instead of stating the infant Mysus-Bacchus, thus
they imply the Almighty Celi of the Druids, or
of Egypt, was suckled by a goat in his infancy.
Amen Ra
The apparent mistake of seating Jupiter was suckled by a she-goat, is due to the
presenting
in his infimcy
practice of re-
as kid
gcat-headed
calling
Bacchus-Mouses on
Jupiter, in spring only.
December
22nd,
and
him
"
!
by Plutarch (a.d.
G6 106)
was heard
K 2
in
276
" The
Dead
!"
natural
announce happened
Arawn, Saturn,
Pan, otherwise and the Messiah, were different names of the same person Pan was the old sun personified, and if the Messiah in his death was that old sun, Eusebius is right {See Komans vi., 6).
that
Sileniis,
in
the
reign of the
(wrongly placed),
Pan, we are
that of a
told,
this
simply implies the sun going from the sign of the Goat to
he charmed Luna, As a Here the crescent moon as symbol of Ced or the Moon. Boat of the Sun, as his refuge when as the Llong Voel he falls into the sea, December 20th in Druidism, and March
24th in
Boat)
is
2 1st respectively).
a symbol of
But the Llong Voel (Crescent Ced (Der Ketos, otherwise Delphus
Cell.
Womb)
Consort of the
it is
said ho
charmed Luna or Latona, is substituted for the Creator, instead of stating he is his son, but an old man in each
" Pan," December. amorous disposition."
was of a very Cupid was his rival, but Cupid was the author of the sentiment of love apart from Pan, as Jupiter, was the Seminal Logos. sensuality.
states
Mythologist,
'*
NEPTUNE CONFOUNDED WITH SATURN OR OLD PAN. * * * "To will Deucalion's danghtei-* bright,
He turned himself And like a winged
*
into a Dolpliint
fail'
Morwyn,
Isis II.,
t Delplius (Womb) confounding Ced with Satiu-n nr Pun, the case of Dagon Oanne.s tlie Jfaii-Fish.
same
as^
in
277
prove),
When, for
to
love,
He turned himself into a fruitful vine (Myses-Bacchus) And into her fair hosom made his grapes decline."
Faerie Queen, Canto
xi., p.
439.
Ximmo's Ed.
"
am
old
my
Father
is
the husbandman."
The
sun
is
iu
and
*
he,
Yet
And
remember
His Saviour's birth his mind so much did glad. Upon a Shaggy-Bearded Goat he rode The same wherewith Dan Jove* in tender years, They say, was nourished by th' Idaean Maid And in his hand a broad deep bowl he bears, %
;
Of which he
The "Idaean Maid" is goat-breasted Minerva (Divine Wisdom,) she and Dolphin (DelphusWomb) are identical
with Ced.
"the
vikgin of iseael."
must here mention certain things of importance, which we omitted in the proper place.
We
meant the Sacred Bull Apis of Jupiter spring), and the Ram-Lamb
is
uiiitli
Sigu of the
Zodiac.
278
Amon
the
*'
in spring),
both referred to as
sacred things
Egyptians,
but
which
were
were ordered as
be eaten by them.
the
God
of Israel!
show
their
contempt
for the
And to Amon,
and so
defiled.
But
it
Israel to
was not lawful for the children of of swine. Swine were in Egypt
Typhon or the Devil. *' Among the Egyptians, those who could not afford to sacrifice real pigs had images of them in paste served up at the feasts of Bacchus or
sacred to
Osiris.^" He further states, it seems to have been done " to honour and conciliate the productive power of the sun by the symbolical destruction " of the porcine symbol of
Ram-Lamb
and the Bull was done in derision of the symbols of the Egyptian mediatorial character of the sun, refraining from
eating the flesh of swine by the
reverse.
In Exodus
xiii
and Numbers
Ram-Lamb,
spring
is
to be offered in sacrifice.
The sun
and
in
The Jews
now
sun's
symbol,
is to say,
strictly
bread
made
from fermented
be eaten.
created by
^
Only Mazzoth
Can
means
it
all
meant, conciliating
who
?
123.
De Came
279
Now,
commences
at
sunset on our
March 13th
eight
Add
March
Calendar,
when
But
add seven days of the feast, regulated by the lunar year, and we arrive at March 20th, or the eve of March 2 1st. the astronomical vernal equinox. The eighth lamb appears Let the reader to be added for both the 2 1st and 25th.
refer to the signs of the zodiac,
signs
of the
Ram-Lamb
and he will find that the (Aries), and that of the Bull
It is the beginning
Numbers
made
xxviii., 19.
and he will
Tisri
of the
Hebrew
civil year,
which
in the
month
Day
of Atonement.
Inverse
a ram,
Let the reader again refer to the signs of the zodiac, and he will see that the signs of the Ram (Aries) and the Bull (Taurus) in September and October are side by side in the tcestom heaoens, and the sign Virgo, or Virgin, is in On Dec. 22nd, the eastern heavens. But that is not all.
the beginning of the solar year, the sun enters the sign of
the
He-Goat
re-appearing, afterwards, as
the babe Bacchus, v;ith the head of a goat. In addition to the bull and the ram, the Hebrews also sacrificed two he-goats Lev. xvi., 15. (father and son) on the Day of Atonement.
280
ram (Jupiter Amou), and the two he-goats (Pan and yonng Bacchus), the high sun), entered the west entrance priest, as Aaron (Arawn of the Holy Place, symbolising the descent of the old sun
Having thus
Ram
an old man.
He
"gods"
of
below the
of Holies
Hades
the
Holy
the
Virgin of Israel.
THE GARDEN' OF THE SUN. The Garden of Hesperus, like the Garden
the symbol in the west being Britain
itself,
of Adonis,
then
each
Gwyddon
henge (Cor
Gawr the
What
?
did
Garden
of
Hesperus
Three
(5'ee
page 14.)
THREE Hu's.
This
is
Druidism,
Hu
Hu
Cylch y Ceugant (Circle of Infinitude) Cylch y Sidydd (Hu of the Circle of the Zodiac); and yn Nghnawd (Hu Incarnate), signifying the Archdruid
Sanctuary on Earth,
or,
Hu
in his Circular
on the Mount,
Sun
or Hesperus.
The next
object
Hercules
discovered
in
the
British
Garden of the Sun, was, that it was guarded by an enormous serpent. This was another symbol of Ced, as Divine Wisdom, known also as Anima of the Earth, and signifying
Anian, that is to say, life pervading matter ascending from below through the earth, and symbolised in many ways, chiefly by the serpent, 2| miles long, at Avebury, Wilts.
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
APPLES OF PARADISE OR ENCLOSED GARDEN.
281
The next things Hercules found m this celebrated Garden of the Sun, were, a tree, a serpent entwined around it, and three golden apples on the said tree. Here we have similar objects to those described as being in the Garden of
Eden, namely, a
tree, a serpent
and apples
but also the particular tree on which were the three Golden
Apples.^
some
lost
THE BLESSED ISLES OF THE WEST. made by some authors to proye that islands in the Atlantic Ocean are meant by the
Isles,
Atlantis,
Fortunate
of the Blessed,
XT.
Garden
Hesperides, &c.
In the
Book of
the Odyssey
Kymmeria (Wales)
\vas
known.
Referring to
Kimmeria as being in the direction of the setting sun, from Greece, he makes the high priest, whom he (Homer) names the Mighty Theban, or Mighty Arkite, ask Ulysses, who had
landed there
'
Why, mortal, wanderesb thou from cheerful dav, To tread the downward, melancholy, way ? "
of the setting sun.
the way
learned
It is very strange,
own
country,
many
not
otherwise
Enghshmen
are,
that
Kimmeria
will
Cimbri
^
and
Cimmerii
are
where
all
antiquity, including
are, but
have
it
282
p.
were Celts.
It is
well
known
by
many
Celts,
tribes or clans,
and Plutarch
were
distinguished
different,
;
or a variety
of,
that their whole body is names, according to their tribes under the general name Celto Scythae. He comprehended also further refers to them under the name Kimmerians,
and states what he had heard, namely, that " The greater and more warlike part of them dwelt in the extremities of
the earth, near the northern sea."
Afterwards he describes
the
natural
(Welsh) as
follows: "As
characteristics
of
the
Cimmerii or Cimbri
and the force and vivacity with which they make an impression, we may compare them to a devouring flame.
Nothing could
their
resist
their impetuosity
all
that
came
in
way
IIow nobly the united British nation, animated by the ancient Cimbric (Welsh) blood, still sustain the unconquerable characteristics of their remote ancestors
cattle" (p. 455).
!
All
who
are
familiar
with
the
physical
and
mental
who
wrongly interprctating ancient names. For instance, they pronounce Cimiii " Simrii," Cimbri " Simbri," and Celt " Salt " would be a more appropriate name than " Selt "
!
"Selts" for them. The C in ancient languages, and in Welsh among the rest, is sounded hard, as in the English word " come."
All
common nouns
in
Welsh
are remarkable
to convey,
for
the
poetical ideas
and
tliose
283
who
picturesque ancient names, are precisely on the same low " level, as regards intelligence, as those " unspeakable Turks
who, at Athens, shot away with their guns splinters from the marble sculptures of Phidias
!
of the nature of the Creator Himself, as the Agtios'o of the Athenians, the Ignoto
Deo
of the Latins,
Amen Ha
of the Egyptians
for, it is to
be understood,
humanity by the operations of nature, under the influence of the sun and earth, hence the
earth,
to
God
is
Anima."
called Celts because the
name
of their
God was
Celi, as the
Brahmins are
worshipped Brahma.
A nation,
themselves
Cymmry
in
to
Cymmry (Cymmru
name
it
First
Womb),
io
(i)
name
and
the extreme
was known
to the ancients,
down
till
That country
is
Wales.
284
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
inliabit.-ints
The
or
of
continaous,
history
Scholars know, by Hnguistic evidence, same language is spoken in Wales at the present day as was spoken there in 52 a.d., when the Roman commander, Ostorius, and his legions, landed there on the shores of Monmouthshire. A Roman historian, Tacitus, names South Wales " Siluria/' which is the Welsh, or Cymric, name Ysyllwg Latinised. The Romans referred to the inhabitants of South Wales as Silurii the inhabitants refer to themselves still by the appellation Ysyllwr (plural) and Ysyllwr (singular). In Welsh alone Siluria (Ysyllwg) is etymologically understood. The name signifies Green Prospects, or Views, and it is a correct description of the The Romans referred to green plains of South Wales. West Wales by the name Demetia, which is the name Dyved, Latinised. Dyvid is a Welsh abbreviation of Deiviad, which signifies, the Dwellers on the Teivi River. North Wales is named Ordovia by the Latin historians it " is the Welsh name Ardyvi, which signifies " On the Dovey
eighteen centuries.
that the
;
river, Latinised.
The great Cambro-British commander against the Roman is named Caractacus by Tacitus. We know that that form of the name is a corrupt one for
advance into England
Caradawg, which signifies Full of Love. In the original form of that name there is an i to be after the 7\ The
name, Cymry, signifies First-Born, and that the correct form of the name is Cyn-mru Cyn (First) and Bru e sound to u (Womb)
state that their tribal
;
Welsh, themselves,
and
The Welsh name of Britain as a whole is Br^'dain, is a compound of two words Bryd (feature) and Cain
:
(fair),
the
C dropped
in the
compound,
for the
sake of
285
Cain, a
title
common
and he
is called,
in Druidism,
the island as his Consort and is called which the Komans Latinised into the form Britannia, and both the masculine and feminine names that of the sun and that of the island signify Fair Featured. England, standing by herself, was, and is still, known to the Welsh people by the name Lloegr from Lloer, the Welsh name for the Moon and has undoubtedly reference to the Arkite rites once practised there by the Druids doubtless at Avebury and Stonehenge, Wiltshire, and on
Prydain, but
Brydain,
We
think
it
is
Whittaker, in his
most valuable and learned work, entitled " The History of Manchester," but which is really much more than that, who
states, the inhabitants of Britain, at the
time of the
Roman
throne of imperial
which name
signifies
A subordinate
state is called
while a crown
closely
is
name
in ancient
time,
strength.
Daniel
viii., v. 5.
In the
we have an aliusiou to the Infant Bacchus Kid Goat on December 22nd. Doubtless some will be inclined to state Coron is derived from Greek Corone, Latin Corona (Garland), but the Celtic tongue is now admitted to be older than all other European languages, and, therefore, the probability is the Greek and the Latin names are The above two names ("lurived from the ancient British one.
last referred to,
as a
2S6
It
is
THE LIGHT OF
BIIITANNIA.
wo
are
Roman
(e),
Roman
It
name
of
Wales, namely,
itself.
Cymmru
Roman
it
when
referring
to
Wales
as a whole, designated
Britannia Seeunda or
second
Britain,
When
the
earliest
geographical position, in relation to the rest of Britannia, they define it as being in " the utmost bounds of the west,"
which
period
world was known at that may probably have a further explanation as to the reason why the Roman historians made no mention of Cymmru (Wales,) by that name in the fact that
is
;
but we
felt that,
by employing an
Wales
fusion.
apart
cause condistinct
Wales was a
country, and
gave to
it
Another reason which may have influenced the Roman writers to abstain from employing the name Cymmru to
distinguish
Wales
is
that
they
found in
the
north
of
who named
or
themselves,
Cymmry
Cynmru, a
of Great
certain sign
inhabitants
of both
districts
names
to their respective
localities,
and
of
The
THE LIGHT OF
England, to which we
.ind
BIJITANNIA.
287
refer, is now named Cumberland Northumberland now counties of England, whose place names are still pure Welsh, very slightly mis-spelt.
Camden Cumbrorum
Cymmry,
states
that
Marinus
land
names
Cumberland,
It
is
Terra,
the
of the
Cumbri.
a of
bearing the
name
" dwelling in the extremities of the earth," and whose march is compared to " a devouring flame," were the last
to
yield,
even
conditionally,
fact the
to
Saxon
of
and
Norman
Wales did not yield until a Prince of Wales was appointed, and until afterwards one of their own race, Henry the Seventh (Henry Tudor) ascended the throne of Great Britain. Towards
aggressions.
In
Cymry
all
the face of native rebellion in England, assisted by Saxon aggression, most of England had succumbed to the foreign enemy, Cumberland and Northu nberland (North Cumberland) held out until the great national engagement of Cattraeth (Cad Traeth), near the Sohvay Eirth, which
is
viz.,
of Odin, from
Gwyddon
the oldest
one of the
of
the Archdruid
which
is
poem
of the
extant in the
appear
of
against the
Cymmry
those of the
The
who
escaped,
is
288
The
Cymmric, or
Cambrian, nation, once the terror of Europe, has always held its own and still dwells in Wales, maintaining there
its
national institutions
and
in
the valleys of
Wales
are
still
Homer
Ciramrii,
era, and, as
800 years before the Christian we have shown, he refers to the Cimbri, or dwelling in Cimmeria, or Wales, even then, and
flourished at least
it
he describes
as
*
*
Where
How people
is
in
Germany, or
we
are at a loss to
conceive.
" In the
is
in the ocean
this island is situated an island not smaller than Sicilly below the constellation of the Bear (Ipsi Ursae Subjoctam) and is inhabited by men it is above our liabitation now^ called Hyperboreans, because they are placed beyond the
Wind).
The
land,
being
fertile,
produces everything necessary, and, enjoying a fine temper" Now they " mytholoature, produces two crops a year."
Latona " Ced, as Lleuad (Crescent Moon) " was born there, and that on that account Apollo " her son " is " honoured by them above all other gods. That among them Hyperboreans " there are some men, priest?, as it were, of Apollo, and that consequently he is daily and continuously
gists " state
289
of great magnificence
(Avebury
?),
?),
and in shapes
?)
spliGrical.
That there
is
also
a city (old
Sarum
They also state the Hyperboreans have and are very kindly disposed to the Hellenes, and especially to the Athenians and Delians, and that they have inherited this friendly feeling from ancient times. They also state that some of the Hellenes have
magnify his deeds.
a peculiar
dialect,
left
precious
;
that
same manner Abaris, in a former age, had passed into Helles, and renewed, with the Delians, the bond of They also say the moon friendship and consanguinity.
from this island appears to be not
earth,
far distant
from the
and clearly shows certain earthly eminences. It is also said that every nineteenth year the god descends into
this island.
Now
is called,
Great Year.
the night,
rising
of
ical appearances,
That when the god (Apollo) makes his periodhe both plays the harp and dances during from the vernal equinox " March 21st, " to the
Pleiades" Taurus,
the
on April
20th,
1891,
own
successful efforts."
Payne Knight, referring to the above passage, states Knight also This island can be no other than Britain." quotes HecatEeus as follows " The Hyperboreans inhabit an island beyond Gaul (France) in which Apollo is worshipped in a circular temple considerable for its size and riches." Diodorus Siculus, who quotes the above from the writings of
:
'*
t290
It will
name
Land
of the
druid
was,
;
symbolically,
Apollo
moon
291
CHAPTER
ERODOTUS
of
in
XXr.
(Sec.
8),
his
Melpomene
des-
the
three
personifications
sun,
collectively
among
came
to the region
now
is
Gaul (France).
Higgins
states,
as the
We
now proceed
" This
Geryon (Gwron Hero, like Arthur and St. George) lived beyond Pontus" (Black Sea), "in an island, which the Greeks called Erytha, uearGades " (Cadiz Spain), "which
is
(Gibraltar).
Here we have
it
stated,
" Erythia
is
an island
in the
It is
is
to say, Britain.
The
Welsh,
or Brythoniad, " Tra mor, tra Brython, ocs y byd i'r iaith Gymraeg," which signilies, " While there is a sea, and s 2
292
wliile
of
Welsh
of
lanf?uaf]re !"
original Greek text, mistook the Greek initial B Greek E, and mistakenly placed E instead of B
initial letter of
We
he
are
further told
now,''
wrapped himself in his ]ion skin, and went to sleep. They add that his mares, which he had detached from his chariot to feed, by some divine interposition disappeared during his sleep. The sun as a chariot drawn by fiery steeds, with
Hercules or Apollo standing in the chariot of the sun,
guiding the reins of the steeds,
is
familiar to everybody.
all
"As soon as
over the
at length
Hylaea."
Haul
le,
by the Welsh.
'*
the Sun, and alludes to the direction he sets into the ocean
in the evening.
(See p. 27)
''
appearance, resembling a
woman
with astonishment, but he was not deterred from asking her whether she had seen his mares. She answered, they
were
in
her custody.
She, however,
refused to restore
birth
three sons
(\|/)
293
who
sou
he
left
trial
Scythia,
Gwron
of
liis
(Hero)
identical
with
Arthur and
trinity
was
the
one
of the three
who
had
sufHcient
bow
father,
is
Hercules.
The
symbolical of Ced, as
half
is
Divine
of
Wisdom
the
symbolical
elsewhere
We have shown Venus (Mor'wyn) as a propagator. who were the Atlantides, the seven daughters of Atlas, and also who was Hesper, and also who were his daughters, and what was meant by the garden, and the
We
have shown in the preceding pages, the Druids in
had, in the Taurine
their
the holy
Sun
March 21st, June 21st, and December 20th. ySee page 42). The said three sacred cows are, apparen.tly, the cows of Geyrou (Gwron), which Hercules, in the
This, like Hercules
Garden (Britain) of
may
In Religion
De
Gatdois, ch.
ii.,
85,
we
are
informed the
the Gauls.
name Geyron
Gwron (Hero)
As
dess,
we
name
of
Kneph.
of
is
Heaven
meant.
in Druidism.
Doubtless
291
of
the
signifies,
states
Then follow certain traditions from the pen of Herodotus, and among them the name Cimmeria occurs repeatedly.
We
that
Scythians settled
in
Cimmeria
Aharis,
why
of
the
is
Sun,
Athenians,
within
known, to point out that the T\velYe Labours of Hercules, and the Twelve Battles
It is unnecessary, because well
of Arthur,
signify
the
apparent movement
of
the
sun
It will
He
is
who
is
represented with
bow
The sun
is
behind at night by the day sun producing humidity, and that heat operating on the earth's vegetation is called Bacchus.
Xow
all
In
is
As
already
remotest land
known
the discovery of
of Europe, until
295
Homer, three thousand years ago, describes the then known earth, instead of as a mount or as a garden, by the
figure of the shield of Achilles,
" Its utmosb verge a threefold circle bound."
mirror the
Homer writes
Mind;"
He
will
be
recollected
Diodorus
Siculus
states
the
jectam).
Hyperboreans dwell under the Bear (Ipse Ursae SubHomer, with a view to indicate land beneath the
constellation of the Bear, refers to Ursse
Major as follows
tlie
"Nor
main."
Then
shield
itself.
Under
known
in the region
under
the Bear.
refer to
Referring to peace,
Homer
actually seems to
times
"Tlie appointed heralds
still
And
Then he
judicators
"
On
jtlace,
Two
The
him who
296
waves to
roll."
This
is
what the
encircling
moat
full of
was anciently believed the ocean formed a border running around the edge of the earth's circle and the Lord's footstool.
moat
is
we are hurried back to Persus, the Gorgons, and other images of war, over an arm of the sea, in which the sporting dolphins, the fugitive fishes, and the fisherman,
are minutely represented."
Coleridge, "
Is that
''
arm
In the maps Cimmeria is given in the extre me west of Europe, and a little beyond the fabulous entrance into the " infernal regions." The " Cimmerian gloom," is clearly an Greek expression,
channel between the Continent and Britain
of the
of
Cimmeria, Cambria, or
therefore, near
the
kingdom
Somehow, Cimmeria is
because, as
the great
But Ovid
refers to
Cimmeria
of Sleep,
God
Bed
there, as
we have
asleep,
fall
and
lost
had unharnessed,
his day's
207
we understand
the west, and
of
why why
Hercules
is in
him
in the
West
Europe
of
the evening
is
Vesperus.
or In
;
It
Greek Hesperos, and Vesper in is named both Hesperus and appears to be the root of the word Hes (Hu
called in
in
Hesus and Hesous (Jesus) are derived. Now, the name of one of the gods of Gaul was Hesus. sometimes spelt Jisiis. "We are not to suppose that the said two names Besides, we are told are derived from the word evening. Hesperus was a son of Japetus (Japheth), brother to Atlas (Adlais Echo), which is quite enough to show that, in the opinion of the ancients, Hesperus was an individual, and that by Hesperus was originally meant the direction of the
Country of Hesperus, and the inhabitants of that country and Hercules is said to have stolen
;
Can Hesus
is
Gauls
of the
personified sun among the Druids was Hu, and he is called '' He " Gadarn, or Hu the Mighty; and the Druids of Gaul
But the
Gaulish
God
is
called
Hesus by Roman
writers.
The Archdruid, as high priest of the sun, was call Hu yn Nghnawd, or He, the Incarnate Sun for Hu (He) The Roman writers signified both the Creator and the sun. *t>'
;
^
Lucan
i.
v., 445.
298
made a mistake when they supposed the Druidic Hcsns was Mars, the God of War and the error arose, doubtless, from the fact that the permission or sanction of the Archdrnid, as the supreme pontiff of the throne of thrones (Gorsedd) of Great Britain, was necessary before engaginp^ in war, and in that sense alone was he the " God of "War."
;
209
CHAPTER
BEYOND THE RIVER.
XXII.
HE
seeds of the
in
winter time
in
iUustrates
what we
of God.
call
death"
The
velopment as the result of the said masculine propagating influence of the sun's rays, the JJruids compared to what the soul undergoes in the spiritual sense at " death,"
Word, as that of the sun of the spiritual Avorld But the soul a Divine emanation, (See James i., 21). and compared to a spiritual seed must be free from the
spiritual
it
will
not be
admitted, because
it
In the
Dead the Sul-y-Blodeu (" Flowering Sunday") the Palm Sunday of Wales, when, in Glamorgan and Mon-
mouth, the ancient country of the heroic Esyllwyr, the biluriaus of Roman historians, and where the tenets of tlie Druids have been preserved by its bards, the graves are still decked on the said Sunday, every year, with
beautiful flo^vers
and
floral wreaths.
The
floral
emblems
Garden
God.
300
named
and west, and the latter from where the sun appears at noon on the longest day to where he appears at noon on
the shortest day.
Those two
at
Jordan runs from north to south, and thus it describes the Solstitial Colure, and at its southern end, very appropriately, it has the Dead Sea or Sea of the
river
The
Dead.
entrance
the Druids
there
as
the
Annwn
(Hades),
because
the
sun
on each December
rises
20tli.
It
is
Annwn,
"lives," as
system
of
The emblematical character of the Jordan river is the reason why it was used to denote the regeneration in baptism, for not only were new souls supposed to ascend in, or drawn by the sun when he himself returns on December 22nd-25th, but souls who have
lived
human
lives,
of
Abred
(spiritual parallels
on
account of
impurity or dross,
now
which had gathered around them during a former existence. In the Druidic system, the Equinoctial Colure (east to
west)
is
301
in spring he traverses it from east to But the Jews having the end and beginning of
is
is to
came
Jordan
to s3^mbolise
is
God"
in
On
the
It is
words
" There
is
a river, the
make
The
is
:
High God
in
She (the
city) shall
not be moved
God
parallels
of latitude to
describe the
Annwn
in the south,
by which
the sun across the meridian, or, across the heavens (while
ascending the
the
evening.
to his setting in
mind the
Druidic
based on the supposition that the earth is flat bottomed, and that its limit is the rational horizon of
tlieor}' is
word Abred
is
is
compounded
of
that
is
to
Son
being himself a
of Spring-
Hu Dad
Eilir
(Hu Father
302
time).
signifies
Avord
completin(
the
componncl,
the circles
of all
full
name
signifies,
meaning
corporeal beings.
The conceiving
anima
is
their mother.
of tlie circles is in
Annwn, down
its
in the
day
highest
rung in
will of earthly
existence.
is
depth in the
which he
But no one, the Druids thought, was so devoid of goodness as to weigh him back all the Avay to the lower rung end to Annwn, whence his life had ascended, step after step, l\y transhimself for during his
life
hero below.
to
shift
for
himself
it
on
the
said
existence.
eir
i
Therefore,
was
Annwn ond
but one
visit
to
Annwn)
beyond
to heaven,
imparted in spring signifies, physical life only ; the life coming in the sun journeying up the ecliptic from
Annwn
(Hades)
alluded
to
starting
intellectual
It will
spiritual or
longest day of
summer (June
(Dec.
the
21st)
is
symbolised by SunSaturn's
indicated
20th)
as
Day
(the of
shortest), and
refers to
THE
Saturn,
the
last
LIGFTT OF BRITANNIA.
803
planets at the
said
of the
list
of the seven
end of the
with
line
north
to
south
of
the
seven.
Mercury (due
east) is identical
Woden or Odin, and the middle day of the week is named Woden's day or Wednesday in consequence. Gwyddon is one of the titles of the Archdruid, who is Mercury's representative in the Druidic church on earth as the
Literally
Odin
is
signifies
Woodman,
in
mode
still
of
done
and
Gwyddon
science
is
(Odin)
still
signifies,
secondarily,
called in
philosophy on wood
as the sun's
("Woden ") of the scientist. Gwyddon, representative, when the sun formerly rose in
He was
is
also
Gwy
16n
represented as
women
of Elis
were accustomed
:
Bacchus
in
Come, hero Dionusus, to thy holy temple on the seashore come cow-footed God to thy sacrifice, and bring the graces in thy train Hear us, Bull, worthy of our
;
!
"
veneration
hear
us,
illustrious Bull!"
In the Orphic
is
hymns Bacchus,
'
or
The Planet
Sal urn.
tlii'ir
orbits,
l)e
The
evidetioe of this
is
to
I8th vol, of
the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, from which the following account is condensed: 'The Tower (Bis iXimrod) consisted of Kevni stages, built
upon a raised platform of crude brick. The lirst, or lowest, stage, was about 27- feet square and 26 feet high, and was covered wilii bitumen, to represent the sable hue of the Planet Saturn.' " - Iiinuin.
304
styled the
god with two horns, and, Hkc Adonis, is the lover of both Venus and Proserpine, that is to say, of summer and winter. The animal symbols seem to have haunted religion long after the liumanised symbols were
adopted in their stead.
Returning
Britain.
or
is
said to have
bulls
and when regarded as emblems of the three emanations of God (\|/) through the sun as three wdiite bulls;
;
and the three white cows as emblems of the emanations of Ced through the earth, the last of the three spotted (*S'^e
page 52 note).
The
six cattle
afterwards,
three
bulls,
priests
came
to
be
and
ilirfie
priestesses
When
the Holy
Mound, Cromleach,
he and his
Divine
"Church"
of
attributes
God,
and the
circular
"Church"
evil
title
given to
defence of her
origin of
notwithstanding
the
infernal
the
305
is
Welsh
for
Sanctus.
One
described as bellowing in
May
Sim was
cow
May upon
indicates
sun,
is
extremely interesting,
Druids had
We
the the
observed the sun no longer rose in Taurus on March 21st. have no evidence they, like the Egyptians, adopted
Ram-Lamb
Mediatorial
sun
in
Spring.
in
The
windpipe
is
Gwynt)
Welsh.
It is still
common
hear Welsh agriculturalists stating in reference to the mae y Tarw Elgan yn rays spreading (tes), " " (the White Bull is blowing in his cliwythu yn ei gorn
sun's
horn).
See Rites,
8fC.,
177, 567.
At Memphis, Egypt, a sacred cow was the symbol of Venus (Isis ii.), and the sacred bull. Apis or Menevis, was the male personification of the sun (in spring) there and at
Heliopolis, or City of the Sun.
the
Cadmians (people of Thebes, Egypt) are said to have been conducted by a cow to the place of their settlement in
Boctia (Thebes again).
The diphthong
(oe)
seems to be
" in
u"
in Bit (Bull),
pronounced " ee
Welsh.
The name
stones,
'*
was the Serpent's Head (Pausanias, Boetia xix., 2). The Thebians call a certain little spot of ground, surrounded by stones selected for the purpose, the Serpent's Head." Sec in page 72 M'hat we state of the Serpent's Head (Ogben) at Avebury (Wilts). See also page 15 Wilder 's
edition of Knight's Symbolical Lanyiiacje, note.
In page
306
35 of that work is the following, quoted from Scholia in "Theba, among the Syrians, signifies Lycophror, v. 1206
:
a cow."
It is also the
Deluge.
In the
His Divinity
and Ced, or
inferred Isis
and afterward as Mor'wyn, and also as Isis ii. or Venus. \l/, or Dove, is the joint offspring of Celi
and Isis i. But it appears it was was the agent who annually also clothed the Divinity \I/ with the radiant material body for Semole herself had been reduced to autumnal " ashes." Yet it
i.
;
Amen Ka
seems
to be inferred that,
though dead
is
herself,
it
is
the
a glorious
new body
for
him.
Here we discover the origin of the error of stating that Myrrah, or Mary (Morewyn), was the mother of Adonis (sun). As the earth's emanation in spring, she is his sister
spouse.
The
to be often conIsis
i.
and
Isis ii.
cow is still revered as the sacred symbol of the great Mother Nature, daughter of Ced or Isis i., by the inhabitants of India, "among whom,'' we are told, "there is
scarcely a temple
to-day
In the Scandinavian mythology, we are further told by Knight, the sun was fabled to recruit his strength during winter by hucking the cow Adumbla, the symbol of the
productive
power
he
is
like
Semele
till
September.
When
Semele
dies,
On
the
presented suckling a
Greek coins the cow is most commonly recalf, the young sun's body, thereby
307
on December
22nd,
till
he attains
full
At
the
Hindoos
believe
they
are
(Nature).
Diana
is
named Tor
Belly
or
Ark. Tor is the Welsh name of belly to this day. and Baaltis are identical with the sun and nature.
bull
Baal
The
Moloch was
either
symbolised
to
Word
In reference to the last named, Shakespeare, in his " Man's Seven Ages" or stages, must have had an insight
into
some
Hu
Gadarn,
and ending in the seventh stage with old Saturn, Silenus, or Arawn, known also by other titles.
" NO
MAN SHALL
of
SEE
ME AND
LIVE."
Atonement the high priest passed into the Holy Place (not the Holy of Holies) in his gorgeous
the
robe, flashing with gems,
On
Day
bells
suspended
Ephod, sounded
Holy Place, as it were into the world to sacrifice, on the Day of Atonement, in Jus shroud only, having divested
himself of his gorgeous robes, and with them his
office
in
T 2
308
the
Dr. Kitto, in his Cyclopcedia of Biblical under the words " Atonement, Day of," states, Literature, '' Every Jew, on the Day of Atonement, wears a white
in
Holy
evident
the
in,
white
a
returned dressed
give elsewhere,
priest.
symbolised he was no longer alive as a His priesthood had been left behind in the Holy
the veiled
is to say, Jehovah.
He had
office
with which he
had been entrusted on the previous Day of Atonement twelve months before, and he now, after reigning a year
like the sun,
came hack
"
Thou
my face,
Exodus xxxiii., for there shall no man see Me and live." The high priest now, as a dead priest, proV. 19 and 20. ceeded to prepare the sacrifice, and with the blood of that sacrifice in his hand, he, a man, was enabled to do what no " man " without it dared to do, namely, enter into the
Holy
and look at the Shechinah, the face, as it were, of Jehovah That Shechinah, however, was not the Most High Himself, but His emblematic Word, the Seminal Logos, His propagating attribute.
of Holies,
!
OTHER SYMBOLS OF THE OLD SUN, YOUNG SUN, AND THE sun's MOTHER.
The
Eg3'ptian3
bolised the
that symbol being selected because the sun rose then in the sign of the he-goat (Capricornus). That young he-
Ram
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
liumanised.
309
lialf
goat Pan.
of the he-
old smi
of one
end and the beginning of and young sun symbolised by the old he-goat Pan and the young kid he-goat Bacchus respectively. The sun was poetically said to be amphibious,
the solar year, the old sun
is
700), therefore,
lo
Pan
Pan
Oh
honour of Bacchus were called Tragodiai, or Groat Songs. Herodotus (ii., 46), states, " the artists in Egypt delineated and sculptured the symbol of Pan, like the Greeks, as having the countenance and limbs of a goat." It will be recollected the Day of Atonement marked the end and the beginning of the Jewish Civil Year (September), and they practically offered in sacrifice two goats on the tenth of Tishri, otherwise Ethanim. " And he shall take the two goats and present them" (on the Day of Atonement), "before the Lord at the door
in
of the Tabernacle
of the
The blood
the
It
of three
all
three
Eam, and
seems as
if
"gods" would
think of the
satisfy
Jehovah, and
when we
310
implied.
rivers at
in
crimson
HOMAN AND
But the Eomaus themselves sacrificed a liam on every January 13th, and on March they observed their Matronalia in honour of the earth as a young mother (spring), when husbands made presents to tlieir wives.
Afterwards,
they
honoured
the
devil,
by the
Salii
Mars (Pluto) through Rome. On equinox was observed the Liberalia in honour of Bacchus, when the Koman youths put on the Toga Virilis, the significance of which After that, a festival was held in honour of is obvious. Minerva (Cod, as Divine Wisdom). On March 23rd and 2- 1th, a Lamb was again sacrificed. The last corresponds
carrying the shields of
March
iStli
eve
of the vernal
for
Roman
one
solar, the
Jewish Kisan
commenced, corresponded with the Roman 24th. On March 25th (our Lady Day), the Hilaria was held in honour of the mother of the gods. The above facts
had mixed the worship of the Creator with that of the destroyer or devil. This might have been expected, for did they not worship Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto, the last named being the Power of Darkness, and identical with Typhon, the third person of the Egyptian trinity. By thus alluding to Venus as the
also
prove the
Romans
"mother
vernal
Phffiuicians,
Romans, like the who confounded Myrrah (Morewyn) of the equinox, with Ced, Delphus AVomb, (Cetus, &c.)
of the
gods,"
we
see
the
THE LIGHT OP
of
tlic
IIRITANNIA.
311
winter
Tliis
east,
solstico,
Delphus.
fact
from the
St. Augustine, of Africa, who was born a.d. 354, states Jesus Christ was born on the 8th day before the calends of
January
(December 25th)
first
in
;
tlie
ninth
niontli
(Marcli
was conceived surely about the Sth day before the calends of April (March 25th) in the first month, which was also the time (Marcli 25tli) of His Passion. Quccsliones in Exodus, lil). ii., Opera^
montli)
torn
iii.,
p.
337, D, Qtucsl
xc
March
25th,
Ronuin
Ililaria,
the
great
Roman
the Gods.
Thus, according to
the
dates
St.
High observed
Julius Ciusar.
of the erroneous
ment
of
religion
some Gentiles that the reign of tlie Christian would be only during 365 years. For "years,"
w^as
no doubt "days"
tlie
number
of days
in the
The allegation of the Gentiles who made it identified the Christ witli the Strange sun Ouranos, Aaron, tiie Arawn of the ])ruids.
St.
this.
is now represented as a she-goat Thus we find Ced repi-esented by the symbols, Cetus, Der Kctos, Tebah, Tub or Ark, Delphus (Womb), Dolphin, Minerva or Divine Wisdom,
and Medusa.
312
Three Gorgoiis^ Really, she is Ced, confounded with one of the Three Graces {see To this day in the British language, Gorcan or p. 14). Gorchan, is the name given to the canon or fundamental It will be recollected what we state part of Music. Mother in pages G8 and 69 in reference to Mali, or Mary (Miriam), echoing back the melodious voice of the
Medusa
Almighty
is
Celi
in
sopranoimic
cadences.
The
voice
mentality
the
anima of
of
the
;
material
universe,
will
as
Venus
lected,
or
Morwyn,
saying,
Druidism
hence,
it
be recolin the
the
God
is
heard
voice of nature," hence, too, the Bath Kol of the Hebrews, Gorcjiu signifies now meaning " the daughter's voice."
also,
incantation
or enchantment.
It
is
a word
comdoubt
pounded of Cur (Sanctuary), and Can (Song). No the name came to imply it from the practice of the Druids
of
performing dramatically
"
is
their
story
of
the
creation.
" Corcan
luxuriant
woman.
smothered
!
The
the
stating
fancy
the
Greeks
Three
nearly
By
the
Medusa
is
one
of
the
Gorgons,
one
of
Greeks
three
Mor'wyn,
her
own
THE HU GAltARN
AN1> TALIESIN
SYMBOLS OF THE
YOUNG
The orthodox Druids
SUN.
we have December 22nd, the beginning of the solar year, and called him Hu Gadarn, or lu, as in " lu " (Hee) Pater, lu the Mighty
of Britain celebrated, as
" Gorgo is supposed to have been a foreign title of Athene Minerva as ' Bendeia and Dictynna were of Diana. "^Knight's >'SijibolicctI Limguaiji', sec
313
and by others by
the
title
of Taliesin.
who seem
and, forty hours later, the birth of the young sun, calling
him Taliesin in both instances, at the vernal equinox, March 21st or 25th, at Borth, Cardigan Bay. At the date of the end and commencement of the Hebrew sacred
year, Nisan, March, O.S., the Phoenicians, the next-door
neighbours, as
it
called
George Rawlinson that a sheep (ewe) was their symbol of his consort Venus. At that period the sun entered the sign of Bam on March 21st, and was therefore, in their religious solar allegories, described as a ram, and the earth as a
sheep.
Now
was ordered
had had
after mid-day of the 14th day of the moon, which, solarly, would be the afternoon of the 25th March, O.S., the lunar year, as often stated, being eleven days shorter than the
solar
one.
of
The evening
moon
March,
thirteenth
before the day, was the date of their " preparation of the
Passover."
On
314
sacred enclosure
that
is
of the
to say,
temple,
two
evenings,"
to decline after
At
noon,
on March
21st-25th
(Nisau
the
sun
would
be
What
streets
of Jerusalem
must have
presented
during
the
slaughtering time of hundreds, if not thousands, of male lambs, " between the two evenings," when the lamb-sun
From
sunset on
the
evening of the
bread,
which bring us
of the male
lamb on the
lOtli
Lamb
was regarded
"Passover"
alludes to in
This
is
28,
and not
to the
Paschal
Lamb
by the Greek either transgressed the law by on the evening of the 13th,
that year.
take at
all
of the Paschal
Lamb
There
is
one
315
time of
the Passover, but a cock crew thrice near the house of the
high
priest,
cocks had not then taken place, and, no doubt, the cock
removal of the said birds could be delayed until "between It will be seen in another the two evenings " of the 14th.
page
of
this
destruction
of
Lamb
could be slain,
September O.S.
Let the reader
the
first
refer to
Numbers
xxix.,
and he
will see
made from
day of the ci^il } ear for the Day of Atonement, which is on the tenth day of that month or moon. More" On over, in Lev. xxiii., 27, we find the following of the seventh month," September 10th, O.S., the tenth day and solarly the 21st, " there shall be a Day of Atonement."
:
Then
terminating
date
when
in
springtime
the
sign
of
'MG
tlie
the
first
point of
tlie
ram,
the
But on
in
or
lamh
the
in the west.
The
to
earth,
was
supposed
be
on
tlie
surface
of
Now, the ocean and floating into the various positions. " Virgin of Israel" by both Ark of the Covenant is named
Jeremiah and Isaiah
;
down
"born again
merry-making of the Feast of Tabernacles, in celebration of the new built of the high priest, symbolising the new sun.
followed
Then
the
but on
were
of the
the
as
priests
played his pipes, and the high priest rang the bells of the
ephod.
Jews occupied themselves from the tenth to the evening before our fifteenth, when the revelry commenced. It maybe that period of tims was allowed them
the
to erect their leafy tabernacles
hills
We
But the probability is that the erecting of the tabernacles was the first thing the people did on reaching Jerusalem, preparatory to the Atonement and
surrounding Jerusalem.
feast
which
follo^Yed
for,
317
numbers ?
performed on the so-called '' Day " of Atonement are described, will conclude the " day " is over-crowded with
to be
incidents.
Calmet, in his Dictionary of the Bible, points out that in ancient times the expression, "year," "month,"
meaning. Thus the which Calmet thinks was the original year of the Hebrews, following the Egyptian *' example. But," states the same high authority, " after
&c., were uncertain, because varied in
solar,
to
in
what
Again,
twelve
It is
months. They
extremely
of
of
varied *
* in their
months and
<ia?/6'."
by the "
Day"
Atonement was understood, not 07ie day, but the period Atonement, and that it began on the evening before the
and that the incidents crowded into the " tenth day " of Tishri, as tl)e word "day"' came afterwards to be understood, were really spread over five days, and that immediately
after the
first
will
ber) the
Passover
that the
Lamb was
He will have observed the " housed " on the tenth of Nisan, and
"housed" on
slain
High
as
the
tenth of Tishri.
evenings,
already
festival (loth of
Nisan),
sunset,
ol8
commenced
commencing on the evening before the As hinted before, among fifteenth of Tishri (September). the Druids, Greeks, &;c., a white cock was one of the symbols of the sun, and a hen was a symbol of the earth's anima, and the material earth was symbolised by the mundane e^g. In Welsh mythology the Anima or Anian is The called the Hen Ceridwen, or Holy-Beloved Hen. Godwin, B.D., Moses and f jllowing is by the Rev. Thomas "The modern Jews now, on the Day Aaron, page 132
of Tabernacles,
:
of Atonement, the
men
women
hen.
head,
worthy of death.
siirnifies
Man, but
Man."
in the
in
Hebrew
made
to
cock." Like
is
the
Ram-Lamb
of the
signify "
Be
pages
killing
the
Passover
words,
in
lamb
Tishri
at
the
vernal
equinox,
or
in
other
is
and Nisan
respectively.
Bat who
Gebher, or the
Man whom
The
Arawn, Saidwrn (Saturn), Arthur, Dyvnwawl Moelmud and by the Orientals, Tammuz, Adonis (old), Osiris, &c., and being put to death by the Power of Darkness, victorious at the winter solstice, and the Divinity being rescued at sea by his mother Ced, and by some Druids by a shrine containing an Avanc (Beaver), and also, it will be remembered, by a wren in a small arkite box, when that
Druids
;
319
Logos or Word as a Divine emanation) after his pIiYsical body had been wrecked in the heavens on the afternoon of December 20th, is falling into the Southwestern Sea, or the Gwyllionwy of the Druids, beyond St, David's Head, Pembroke, but "born again" from the South-Eastern Sea on the morning of the 22nd, after an absence of forty hours, and the Phoenicians ^Yelcomed him, but at the wrong time of the year (spring), with the joyful
greeting of
"Hail
As
was often symbolised by a boat, or ark, or mastless Often the young sun was symbolised as a newlyborn babe, and called the Crowaied Babe. He was Adonis in Phoenicia; Horus and also Osiris in Egypt; PIu Gadarn, also Taliesin, in Britain and Gaul (France), where also he was called Hesus (Lncau i., v. 445) or Jesus. We have shown clearly that the Passover and the period of the Atonement and Tabernacles, with the rites and the ceremonies of each, refer to the same wonderful subject and that the death and birth of the High Priest, first as an old man, and then as
sun,
ship.
creature, refer to the allegorical " death " of the old sun at the close of the old solar year, and the " birth " of
new
the
new sun
at the
Were
dawn
to
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
We
cannot
answer.
There
is this difficulty to
Adam)
was
Power
of Darkness, and
human
nature of the
Word
of
God.
320
THE LIGHT OF
BllITANNIA.
And he
of Israel two kids of the goats, for a sin and one ram for a burnt offering " on the Day of Atonement, Tishri 10th (September 21st, O.S.). "And he shall take the two goats, and present them before
children
offering,
"
western
entrance.
;
lots
upon
for
one
for
("For Azazel"in the margin). "And Aaron shall bring the goat upon which Jehovah's lot fell, and ofier him for a sin offerini]:. But the goat on which
be the scape goat " (correctly " for Azazel ") " shall be presented alive before the Lord," like the other
fell to
the lot
at
the
western
entrance,
to
him, and
wilderness.
afterwards
was
sent
the
Lev.
is
xvi., 7
10.
vide
The
following
"Azazel": "Spencer signifies some demon, and that the goat Azazel was given to the devil. Mark, the head
the
whose name he used in his juggling tricks. Haeres, 84. But we prefer the Greek interpreters (i. Ixx.), who derive Azazel from the Hebrew, Haz or Hez, a goat, and Azal, he went away." The note in the Hebrew Bible used by modern Jews, states that " Azazel " signifies a mountain.
"
The following ceremonies," writes the author of the " Fragments," " the Hebrews tell us were observed relating
the scape
to
goat
"
(Mislma
in
Haccipurim)."
of the temple,
Two
and presented
altar
High
Priest on the
of
burnt
oficrings;
they
were
"
321
hand.
There-
we
Man
Sun)
*
middle between the two goats, like Jesus " An urn was then brought
it.
lot was engraved, "For the Lord," on For Azazel." After the urn had been well shaken, the High Priest placed both his hands into it, and each hand drew out a lot; that in his right hand decided the fate of the goat placed opposite that hand
On one
that
piece
'"'
on his
left
hand.
"After
a narrow
drawing these
*
the
High
head
goat
Priest fastened
'
of scarlet to the
of the goat
For Azazel.'
was then sacrificed "For altar. The Goat " for Azazel " was then brought to the High Priest, and he placed both his hands on its head "and confessed his own sins, and those of the people then it was taken into the wilderness by some fit person." If the above, in reference to
*
The
other
the inscription on the two lots, be correct, it would be as true to say that one goat " was Jehovah," as to say the
other
was "Azazel." Both were "for" two distinct objects of worship and if Azazel was the devil, it was
;
to
The above re-opens the great question as " to whom the ransom for sinners " For this purpose the Son of God was was paid." manifested that He might destroy the work of the devil." I. St. John, iii., 8. Dean Alford explains the Greek word, translated " destroy" to mean " do away, break up, pull down of a building, or a law, or an organized whole," Was that done to open the way to " preach " or proclaim
sins,
Whose
captives
in
Isaiah
xlix.)
Babylon
'
322
Deliverer
Me, and hearken ye nations "Isles" meant by the Deliverer. In St. Luke iv., 18-21, we find the Lord Jesus asserting in the Synagogue at Nazareth, he was that Deliverer of the captives of Satan. In Druidism the "captives" would be souls in the circles of transsaying
afar off."
" Listen,
migration.
THE sun's divinity DESCENDING TO ANNWN (hADES). THE DIVINE SPIRIT PEEA.OHING TO " THE SPIRITS IN PRISON."
It
is
spirits in
prison."
The words
hath once
but
bring us to
death in the
flesh,
quickened by
by
is
spirits in prison."
it
St.
Peter
it
and
19.
In the above
Spirit
clearly intimated
disembodied
that
of Christ
the
spirits in prison."
He
to
day
was going that was the name of a district of the Greek Hades, the entrance into which was described by the setting sun, and where, since then, the American continent and the Antipodes have been discovered.
is
he^that
say,
His Divinity
(Friday)
to
Paradise, which
Then
tism.
Peter goes on to compare the deluge to bapNoah and his family, eight in number, " were saved
St.
by water." " The like figure," he goes on " whereunto baptism doth also noAV save us * by the
after
to
state,
'''
resurrection
of
Jesus
Christ."
Dean
Alford,
ancient
and modern
323
unusual,
mysterious."
The simple
explanation as to
meaning is the following. At the time he wrote, the legend was well known describing the divinity of the sun, when, on December 20th, the body of the sun was
St. Peter's
escaping out of
it
as a white
Hades
reappearing in the S.E., clothed with a luminous and radiant new body, and named " The Crowned Babe " by the
Druids.
It is implied
divinity, the
Christ of the
Lord Jesus,
Hades through
and a
(he,
resurrection.
And
Arawn
is
or Ouranos),
we
and our
The ascension of Noah, too, is, in December, like that of the young sun of the new year for the month Tebeth is December. But the Hebrews, having the end and the beginning of their sacred
salvation
prefigured by baptism.
still
further
work, to the period of the Atonement and the Feast of the Tabernacles (the autumnal equinox
Taylor, in the " Fragments to
September O.S.)
Calmet's,"
states that
cornus)
u 2
324
sif^n
December 22nd,
calendar.
or
December 25th,
It
in the incorrect
Roman
the
in
the
Bible.
All
the
other
of the
like
western
which was
distinct
performed some
Now the
was
streamer fastened, as
it
Assistance
was necessary
over, the
to
perform the
left
alone,
While doing
all this,
he was dead as a
and, to
was
He also,
of his
crown
him
325
CHAPTER
HE
about
it.
XXIII.
?
of
Lord Jesus songlit to supplant the priesthood Aaron by the introduction into J ernsalem of another priesthood which had nothing Jewish
It is called
Melchizedec.
God
Abraham, and
that
patriarch,
according to the Epistle to the Hebrews, acknowledged the superiority of the priesthood of Melchizedec over that of
the tribe of Levi, which
was
east station of
Numbers
ii.,
30.
to
Now,
James
in
fore, likely to
Lord Jesus,
ho had listened to
relating their ex-
Amos
" words, " In that day will I raise the Tabernacle of Dovid
King "David,"
and I
taught by
as in the
"that
is fallen,
and
I will raise
up
its ruins,
326
days of old. That they may possess the remnant of Edom, and all the heathen upon tohom my Name is called, saith
the Lord
It is implied
We
by
it,
my
name/'
in the
first
body of the
text.
Depend
upon
home
Galilee.
The
result
of the disclosure of
James was
agreed that
No
wonder
Circumcision
referred
to
the
personified old
sun as a
Saturnine symbol.
title
The Lord Jesus was the "new sun," *' of of " the Sun the young sun
'"'
Eighteousness."
Theologians have
to the kingship of
Dovid with
is
do witli circum-
To
was
to be continued
met.
What
by Christians the Council had " tabernacle," too, had Kincf David ever had ?
is
"TaI.ernacle" here
one of the
titles of
Judah
Manasseh, Joseph's
in the circle.
first-born, represented
327
(March
sacred in
for east is
Dwyrain (two parents), the fatherhood emanation in spring Mor'wyn (Virgo Venus the coming through the sun anima of the earth in spring) the mother, symbolised by tlio top slab of the Cromleach in tlie middle of the Druidic Circular "Church " as symbol of the belly of Ced. The sun
;
is
then called
Hu DadEilir,
The Welsh
tive as
for
north
is
the
left
Mor'wyn's husband.
;
right-hand side
and
reflection of light,
The
name
Now,
Jesus
is
and that he (Jesus) was of the Tribe of Judah, which indicated the sun rising due east (Numbers ii., v. 3). ^^g;^ are thus irresistibly convinced the Lord Jesus Christ was a Druid, and a priest after a most ancient order, whose headquarters was Britain
!
Jesus came
not surprising in
accepted Christianity
must have recognised the priesthood of Christ as being their oivn most ancient one. But they confor they
is
In Hebrews
passage,
as
i.,
3,
if St.
immediately after
328
family of Caractacns. In that passage he refers to the Word of God (/|\) " npholdmg " the earth. St. Peter represented
and supposed the heavens were certainly constructed by the Word of God, but that the earth was a sort of large island Flat Holms like which, to employ " Stands his own words, the Prince of the Apostles states in the water and out of the water," and. therefore, is surrounded by water, ii. Peter, iii., 5. St. Peter's desoriental ideas,
and
it,
given by
Homer
in
men
among them,
lieved
it
was sustained
Adlais
(Atlas) of the Word of God. The Slab of the Cromleach symbolised the earth, and the three stone props *' upholding" it, symbolised, it will be recollected, the
we
find St.
to, viz
the
Word
of
God
by its power." In the same verse the apostle compares Jesus to the sun, as being " the
vjjholding
all
things
"
of the Creator,
ST.
Europe
in the utmost
and
one
St.
Paul was
own mother.
That would give from a.d. 59 to a.d. 67, during which time Paul was, to use the usual expression in reference to the event, in " the utmost bounds of the west," which, in lliose ancient days would be the correct description of Wales and Ireland, and would be sed instead of Britain,
St.
320
in
it
of St. Pail.
and the ancient writer quoted by him, in reference to the eight years spent by the Apostle in the utmost bounds of the west of Europe, could have had no knowledge of the ancient records preserved in the Rees, in his Ilistory of the Welsh Welsh language. Saints, p. 77, quoting from ancient records of the Welsh
Stillingdeet,
Now
father of Caractacus,
who was
member
Roman
was absent
and
Caractacus
returned
returned to his
own country, and according to him to Wales Hid, Cyndav, Arwystli Hen, and Mawan. It is believed Arwystli was Aristobulus.
It is
most interesting
to observe that
" Arwystl"
signifies
Welsh "as Hostage," and it appears as if the Latin name Aristobulus, had suggested to Bran the Welsh name of
in
Rome
during the
playfully
now
to
Church on the Dunraven Estate, near Bridgend, or the Sanctuary is called Llau Hid, and according to local tradition, that estate was of Hid the patrimony of the Brfin family, and a house a few
Glamorganshire,
;
hundred yards
Bran's House.
to
is
still
called
is
a great
named
after Ceri,
830
Bran the Blessed. Smgiilar to state, grow among the oaks on that knoll or mound, and that that frait was first brought to Ptome
the grandfather of
cherry trees
still
The above
historical
facts
Glamorgan
and
also the
07. St. Paul was beheaded A.D. G8, by the command of Nero, who himself was murdered about June that year. We think there is no question St. Paul wrote the Epistles to the It mentions Timothy, and the Temple at Hebrews. Jerusalem as then standing. The Temple was destroyed in A.D. 70. We infer, therefore, it was written in A.D. 0)7, or during the Apostle's stay in Glamorgan, and the word " prophets " alluded to were, doubtless, the Druids among whom he was at the time. His contact with the Druidic priests of Wales, would naturally suggest to his mind the priests of Israel and the Epistle is devoted to
;
In Calraet's, Vol. iv.. 502, it is asked, were Abraham, Joshua, and Samuel Druids ? It is answered, they were as fond of oaks and stones as the Druids were.
"
that
is to
The reader
reference
to
will
what we
of
state
elsewhere,
in
the
ot
nether limbs
the goddess
Venus,
as
the
Mor'wyn
Druidism.
virility of
Also Taliesin,
the sun, sa}s
:
speaking
the
personified
THE LIGHT OF
"Cjsgais yn
niliorplior,
ail
BPtTTAKNIA.
831
Gan ddy
laii,
mor
Yn
nghylchedd yn mhervcdd,
a second sea
lingy
The
until
Shiloh come.
:
Dr. "
Inman
sceptre
The
;
shall not depart from Judah nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, even when they come to Shiloh and to him shall be submission of nations." Then he states,
''
the
Jeroboam,
words are sipposed to refer to the secession of (Di-. in whoso kingdom Shiloh was situated.
Inman
s Vol.
ii.,
p.
72G,
Jacob.
words are fraudulently put into the mouth The whole passage is understood by the
is
Christian
The
other view
of
refers to the
masculine vigour or
strength
Shiloh.
Judah against
his
enemies to culminate at
The King
in the above
Welsh
and
to
Priapus, tliat
is
masculine triangle
in
" are
the
triangle
it
every synagogue to this day, and they call Shield of Dovid," not " David."
" Duw, lor y Dinvinn
eraill,
"
The
Dovydd, a Llywydd y
eraill."
'
God, Leader
(lod,
and Ruler of
^32
We
to the
now
the Passover.
The High
Priest,
"For
at
The
latter represented
Barabbas,
thieves,
and Jesus
made
to he sin for
us"
of
high
priest,
on the "
Day"
21.)
of Trinities.
robed himself, and after washing his whole body with water,
dealt
with as
And
put
it
said,
on his head, aud they put on him a purple robe, and " Hail, King of the Jews " * * * Then came
I
Hebrew
meant
if
ecclesiastical autliori-
and Komans,
but
it
'
purple robe."
sufferer,
The
appears as
St.
of the scene wo quote, saw, or thought he saw in the figure of the crown of thorns that which he supposed
had been
;
and in the purple robe the purple cloth with which that
was clothed during each march in the wilderness. ^ M. Eenan would have said St. John had adapjted the desaltar
E.ro(hi.<<, cli.
30, v. 3.
Numbers,
cli. 4,
\-.
13.
333
At the period of tlie Atonemeut the high priest's two arms were tied or bound with a cord or girdle called Abaueth by Moses, and Emia after the Babjloniau captivity.
At
bound
high
priest.^
And
care
is
taken
he had been bound by Jewish soldiers of Herod, and not by Roman ones.' The high priest stripped naked and it is still cusin the Holy Place, and then washed
to state
;
tomary
Wales to wash the dead all over immediatel}'' At the Passover, Jesus was stripped naked on after death. Calvary. We infer this, because " the party who suffered
in this kind of
death was
^
first
he suffered naked,"
St.
And we have
on the authority of
John
tliey
were four
divided
the
his
among
themselves.
Even
seem
to
number
be intended
The high
linen mitre.
white linen.
crucifixion as a baptism.
tised with.""'
Jesus referred to the preparation for his " I have a baptism to be ba})sun,
it will
The
be remembered, descended to
Ced, in the sea, at the end of the Druidic solar year. But
there are other equally remarkable coincidences which agree
equally with the Gentile incidents of the death of the old sun,
under the names of Arawn, Saturn, Silenus, Pan, Tammuz, &c. and the birth of the young sun as Apollo, Adonis, Hu,
;
'
St.
v.
Vl
and
'li.
'
St.
Luke, ch.
'23,
v. 11.
p. l-o, ud. IGoS.
'
John's Gospel,
cli. V.\ v.
'Jo.
40.
St.
Lukr,
ell.
VI. \.
334
Gadarn, Hesus the Mighty, Crowned Babe, TaHesin, &c., as with the official death and afterwards with the official
birth of the high priest
the Holy
following
of Holies.
We
must again
verses
young
alternately.
wherein Jesus is represented old and " Kuov/ this, that our Old Man is
that the body of sin might be desvi.,
troyed."
Romans
G.
off,
concerning
is
Man, which
corrupt
And
be renewed in the
spirit of
your mind
after
put on the
Nev Man,
first
whicli,
and
24-.
;
The
Jesus
familiar
at
whom
We
are borrowed from the allegory of the death of the old sun
under the
title
new sun
as
Man
put on the
the
New Man, which is renewed in knowledge " Old Man renewed "after the image of him that
iii.,
9 and 10.
" For ye
know
the
through his
became poor " (as a wren) " that poverty might be rich." n. Cor., viii., 9.
HUMILITY OF
ye,
CHRIST.
or Bard,
The
A.D.,
Ehys Brydydd,
who
8o5
Yw Hu
^
Ar mwyav
ni,
Da
Ysgawn
Mymryii
csgud
ei
gloewyii
glud
A mawr
ar dir a moraedd,
A mwyav
jNlwy iia'r
a gar ar G'oedd
!
The above have never been translated correctly upon as being correct
:
the
The
world judges,
But, to
he
is
the greatest
is
Nav
(Coustructing Lord)
Thoroughly wc believe he
xV
our Hidden
;
God
small ray
is
his Car
And
The
greatest that I manifestly can have " Greater than the worlds
!
lolo
describes
follows
:
Goch, Prince Owaiu Glyndwr's Poet Laureate,^ Hu G-adarn (the divinity of the young sun) as
is
Hu
Gadaru
:
the sovereign
The King the giver of the wine and The Emperor of the land and the sea,
And And
the
life
of the whole
is
he
the strong
beamed
*
])lough
'''
cutting plough
leader
Our
a most excellent plough. Lord (lor), the polished genius, did proud and the humble-wise alike,
it
this, to
show
to
the
That
is
best in
^
the eyes of
God
calling
as useless.
1 The Wren symbol of the Druids. - "Dilyw" (DehifTe), tlie word used in the original signifies, literally, lludderless. ^ Kiid of January and the " Ariiawdd - (^adr beginning of Felu-uary -tlie ])longhing season. ' It is clear Ity the aradr Gwiw. conte.xt, "Gair," is used in the same
'
336
In the above, the reader will notice the sun is represented The expression " least of as alternately great and small. the little ones," will remind him of what we state elsewhere about the wren the "cutty" wren, that is to say, the Wren of Ced or Cetus, and in the east, Cetus, Der Ketos, that is to say, of the Dolphin (Delphus Womb), whale or ark, being, like the dove, symbol of Adonis,
sacred to the sud, like the wren was in Britain at the winter
solstice^
33:
CHAPTER XXIY
UCH
of a Skull."
skull
has been written on the subject as to why the phice where Jesus and the two malefactors were crucified, bore the singular name of " Place
Thousands
of times
it
"Whose
skull
Some
learned
men
of
is
it
Adam
it
the
name
refers.
and have inferred " skulls " were there lying about. Some others have supposed the hill of Golgotha resembled a
skull in shape.
is
"
a book wherein
a dialogue between Jesus Christ and the " skull " of Adam " Calmet. The reference is to the skull of Ad
Hama
among
regarded as a skull or visible head, and his rays were sometimes said to be his hair, and also his strength. At the
V
338
score of
when
women whom
Ezekiel
for at
saw
weeping
Adonis
the time of the Passover, the}' Adonis " (the old sun) to shave their lieads}
find
"At Bome,
lively,
of a certain
full,
temple, in honour of
fresh,
was
laid, a
man's head,
and
as
if
had been lately buried, yea, hot blood issuing out of it, was found there. "'^ Then, we are told, the temple came to be called Jupiter of the Head. That " explanation " is pure nonsense; the old sun or Jupiter (lu Father) was the head, under the title of Saturn, and the most ancient religious
rites,
Roman
is
temple stood.
It
the
"head"
;
described as being in a
it.
the Logos in
old
sun was
supposed to be in on
Dec. 20th at sunset, that the Logos escaped, and that he returned in a " renewed " body every December 22nd. His
divinity could not be killed.
Now, "
in
name
the
of
reference
relating
to
allegorical death
at the time
in preceding ages.
Bell's
Pantheon.
Godwin's Roman
Aiitt'gm'ties, p. 4
339
where,
men-
tion
name
of the
hill
so
called,
is
of Jerusalem.
And
cpiite
as strange
In conor
of remarkable
coincidences
atonement and the incidents of the last scenes in the life of Jesus on earth, may be mentioned wounding his august
head
also
This was in
myths,
res-
the
wound
in
"head"
entailed,
Arthur's
ings of Adonis.
"
women in sympathy with the sutferAnd there followed him (Jesus) a great
and of teamen who
Jesus
turning
for
company
lamented
of people,
also bewailed
and
said
for
him.
But
unto
them,
i)aufjhters of Jerusalem,
weep not
There are
acts of the
still
High J^riest, on the period of the Atonement, and the acts of Jesus when dying, and again appearing at
The purpose
was
to
Lord Jesus,
convoy
to Peter,
.Tames,
V 2
840
proof that he was the Messiah. He himself describes the event as " the Son of Man coming in his kingdom."
The
transfiguration, therefore,
is
to be
Kingdom
of
He was
to
The Sanctuaries
hence the terms
the expression
on high mountains.
(I'r
"High
Place "
and Llans
Lan), and
" going up
to the
House
of God."
The
Archdruid as the Word (Logos or Speech) of the gods, or the personified Divine Emanations, was Mercury
:
tliat of
Xew
Son
of
Man," came
is
kingdom on
"a
to
(Col.
ii.,
9),
The
titles
said three
Plennydd,
as
and
were
represented
Divine
James,
as
in
and
John
bore
precisely
the
same
Archdruid
the
Elijah and
Moses symbolising Saturn (Arawn), and Silenus (Gwydd Naw, otherwise Seithyuun Veddw, otherwise Noah, or
Bacchus as an Old Man), attended the coronation of their successor, "the Son of Man" as Ruler "of the Kingdom"
!
341
Matthew describes the coronation of the Messiah a"> follows: " His face did shine as the Sun, and his raim2nt was white as light. And behold there appeared unto them Moses and Ehas talking with him. Then answered Peter and said unto Jesus, Lord, it is good for us to be here if
'
:
thou
wilt, let
us
make here
While yet In spoke, behold a bright cloud overshadowed them and behold a voice out of the cloud, which said, This is my
for
and one
Elias.'
'
beloved son in
(c.
whom
am
is
well pleased.
Hear Ye Hoi."
The
xvii).
The "voice"
Luke
tells
us the
bstweon Jesus,
Moses,
and
at
Jerusalem
implied
In v. 32 we are told, significantly, Peter, James, and John, " w^re heavy with sleep.'' It is
(ix.,
30-ol).
was when they suddenly awoke they beheld the brilliant scene of the transfiguration. Then we have the extremely pathetic scene in the Garden of Gethsemane. Jesus had just told the disciples we believe he exclusively referred to Peter, James, and John, as symbolising the
it
Word
(\!/)
" / am
He
in
my
I in you^
(St.
other disciples to sit, and where he stationed Himself. Here again Peter, James, and John, as they did on the
high mountain,
as the
fell
into a sleep.
The
three disciples, in
same thing body and two wings of the dove or wren did to the
342
seems to be conveyed by the narratives that both on the high mountain and in the Garden of Gethsemane the presence of heavenly spiritual
incarnate Logos or
It
Word.
Word
to Jesus
new
and Jesus crying " Eli " and not Jehovah, Elohim, nor Adonai. The byEli standers supposed he was calling Elijah, and, as we have seen, Elijah was Saturn (the old sun), whose "day" is Eli is the Greek Ilos and the the Sabbath of Israel.
Observe
the
darkness,
Welsh Haul.
the
garden
Luke, in c. xxii., v. 43, states that in was an " angel from heaven strengthenthat of the generating or begetting
ing him."
occupied by James,
John on the left. Dr. Inman (vol. i., p. 599) states, the Hebrew meaning of lacab, or James, is "to make hollow," and "to be deep as in a pit." In reference to Sarah, her Thus in the matrix is called " pit " by the prophet Isaiah
:
me
ye pursuers of righteousness, ye
the stone with whicli ye
seekers of Jehovah.
Look unto
Isaiah
to
li.,
v.
and
Abraham's
virile
organ
is
an ancient stone obelisk, or one of the round towers of Ireland, and Sarah's womb to a " hollow pit."
compared
Linga and Yoni symbols. Abraham's Linga and Sarah's Yoni being old, the result is
figures refer to the ancient
The
In Acts
ii.,
1-2,
we
James was
is
said
and
in Acts xv.,
343
otherwise
we
find
of Cleopas,
and
Salome, and
in
v.
9,
c.
ii.
James
church
at
Jerusalem, in giving to
of the
viz.,
Paul
and Barnabas
named
first,
church, James, and not Peter, is " James, Cephas, and John." But in
and that of Gethsemane, Peter is mentioned The last-mentioned James the Just was also put to death by order of the high priest Ananius, son of Annas, father-in-law of Caiaphas. For the murder of James the
figuration
first.
Just
King Agrippa took the high priesthood away from Ananius after he had enjoyed the dignity three months, and for the same offence he was threatened with punishment by Albinus, the Roman governor
of the province.
The High
Priest's
priesthood
he passed as
officially
his
arms bound with the girdle, into the room called the Holy of Holies within the second veil. He was then absolutely alone, no one else
his forehead, and with both
Holy Place, but even in the great outer court, wherein But the High were the laver and great brazen altar. Priest had his priesthood renewed in the secrecy of the dark chamber of the Sannium Sanctorum, and he emerged forth with the priestly life, "renewed" as a babe as regards his priesthood through the eastern outlet, "the
or
344
most
secret
in that way.
Only the Seminal Logos, passed John (c. xx.), states Mary ]\Iagdalene
darhness
to
travelled
through
the
Sepulchre
of
the
Lord Jesus, and she being associated with Hades, from whence the Lord's soul was returning into his
glorified
body,^
first
to
see
7,
him
see
in the
In verses 6 and
we
that the shroud and the napkin of the head and face
had
same thing
as the
High
and the mitre and napkin of the head and face, after his return into the Holy Place from the Holy of Holies, and donning in their stead, the garments of the High Priesthood, " renewed " through the eastern outlet from the vulva of the Virgin of Israel. But in the case of the Christ, his grave and second birthplace, or " cave " of the garden, is the stone kist of the
linen robe, the abaneth,
Eeferring to
eastioard,
it
the
said,
last
act
of the
High
Priest going
is
"And he"
and
14.)
It
will
be
recollected the
feet square,
Holy of Holies was only about twenty-five and that the expression "before the mercy
it
Pool, in the
Rev. John Eadie, D.D., LL.D's Illustrated Bible, commenting on this verse, states, " EAST\yARD, with his face
easticard,
people."
the earth.
upon the eastern part of it towards the He came eastward from the west, underneath
or
345
clearly
the
Holy
of
Holies,
irapljiug
the
sun
The
following
is
clearly intended to
also, the
moment
his
body
Holy
And Jesus
spirit.
And
of the temple
"from
intended
to
imply the
the
spiritual white
dove or the
Word
descended
spirit
of
from the heights of Golgotha from the west, into the Holy of Holies containing the Delphus (womb) of Ced.
The force
ticulars.
is
He
states,
"
And
behold the
veil of the
;
temple
was rent
from the top to the bottom and the earth did quake and the rocks rent." The expression
in twain
Hades
or
Aunwn, beneath
the earth.
It will
Annwn
Among
or Hades,
(the
or,
name, Gwyllionwy
into
womb
whale,
of Cetus or as
(Delphus)
symbolising
o4G
THE LIGHT OF
BRITAJ^NIA.
startKngly remarkable
to find
a
Holy of Holies
^vas
The "badger's skin," translation of Hebrew name for the said skins (Tachash) is now given up, and it is now known Tachash is Arabic for the Dolphin {Delpliiis womb). In Numbers iv., 6, we find that the skin of the Tachash or Dolphin, was used also to cover the Ark of the Covenant when the Israelites were on the march
great fish species.
the
in the wilderness.
and his twelve Knights of the Hound Table. Peter, James, and John, the Lord Jesus's inner Cabinet, correspond with Plennydd, Alawn, and Gwron, the Druidic personification of the three elements of the Word or Divine emanations of the Creator
disciples
agree with
Arthur
work.
The
Further, as
if
was modelled upon the erroneous frame-work Druidism of the East, instead of on the pure original Druidism of the West, that is to say, of Britannia,
of
the
Avagddu,
set forth as
causing
by
St.
his murder, an
*'
old
man."
The
But, on the
is
contrary,
in
the
system,
St.
John
represented
of
as
being in
counterpart
(the
the
Lord Jesus
corresponds
The
third
Mary
Magdalene)
347
Eastern
his
trinity, viz.,
nephew
Morclrecl is the
page 178.)
Typhon. As we point out elsewhere, Judas of King Arthur. {See That one of the Knights of the Round Table
viz., either
and
at Borth, Aberdovey or that the monkish writer of Morte de Arthur, framed the legend on the framework of the apostolic church of
recovery of Taliesin
Christian
Jerusalem.
1-8
CHAPTER XXr.
THE GARDEN AND THE STOXE SEPULCHRE.
and that a garden was likewise the scene of mankind's redemption or uprise, namely, the Garden of Eden, and the Garden of It appears, by the .Joseph of Arimathea, respectively.
fall,
if
the
first
more
in
successful in pulling
It
is
uplifting.
all
said all
Adam, but
mankind
Adam.
No
to unriddle theological
conundrums, but we may state that the pith of the doctrine Mankind had no choice but to fall with the first is this
:
rise
is obvious. "We know whose "Welsh name was Morien, was a Glamorganshire man, and flourishing towards the close of the fourth century, and during the existence of the British Church as a distinct branch of the Christian Church, which naturally was strongly imbued with the Ancient Druidic philosophic doctrines, which taught that, while the animal creation was tied and regulated by instinct, man was entrusted with freewill, illustrated by the fact that he alone of earthly
dangerous thing as
fire.
as sacred by
349
it
it
man.
great
^vliich
The Druids,
tires,
at certain
seasons of the
often repeated,
Coelgcrth,
is
signifes
Manifest
to
say,
man
ultimately
attaining "perfection
man
with
fire.
commonly " Beltane,'"' is clearly of Phoenician origin, as the name Baal implies, introduced into Britain by those who came here principally for tin, and which was made to rival The "Welsh termination tan the old Druidic Coelgerth.
(fire),
to the vernal
among
AVe shall show in another portion of this work that the garden which the Lord Himself planted the Eden or is (1) the whole round earth Paradise of the Hebrews
above the rational horizon; (2) the Druidic Circular " Church as the symbol of the former ; (3) each tumulus ;
'
each Gwyddva, or the l*lace of iVesence, surrounded by a trench full of water, and on the summit of which a Druid and standing on a Cromleach or rocking priest stood
(4)
same thing
from a
offering
pulpit,
up
his
prayers,
also, as
he preached to the
(5) the
is
;
mound
the original
round shield of every British warrior. The mount of the congregation or assembly
of gods
Divine attributes on earth, were regarded, by virtue of the offices they held in the representations, as " gods " incarnate
350
THE
LIGPIT OF BRITANNIA.
The
DiTiidic Circular
"Chnrcir'
is
the
GarJen
;
of Arthur,
or the sun
the Garden of
Adonis, and
floral
rej^resentations,
Garden
of Adonis."
As a mound
of the dead
simply
emblems
^Yhicll floats in
was supposed
and
new
creations like
itself.
Iheir origin
like
the seeds
in
new
creations, like
it;;elf',
the
rational horizon.
The Garden
of the Sun.
Mount Meru,
that
is to
say,
Mynydd y Marw
Hill of
the Dead).
4.
Place of a skull
mean-
5.
kist in
the centre
of the
of the Creator.
To
and
in the
symbol of
it
it
dead.
iis
As
As
a garden,
a grave,
it
which everything
all
returns, and as a
womb
the birth-place of
things.
The
351
cultivator,
sun
Avas
the
husbaiidman
or
of
Paradise
is
a Persian
Lord
]iimself planted.
EASTERN ERROR
In the East the sun, as
Tammuz,
killed
in
the
heavens
at
the
and immediately
wards his divinity being received into the Delphus, that is to sa}', another symbol of the matrix of his mother Ced, in the ocean. The solar drama was enacted in innumerable number of places, but the localities of the Eed Sea and the Indian Ocean are sites most familiar to the vrorld. The sea called " Red," was so named because
wounded, as had hied into it, after being mortally wounded by Mars, Typhon, or Pluto. Each stone kist in a tumulus was, symbolically, the matrix-grave of the sun. And inasmuch as the sun itself rose again into life, it gave to
it
was
Tammuz
or Adonis,
dead.
new body with would also return from the In Britain, Silbury Hill, Wilts, was the principal
bodies, like the
new
clothed,
The reader
viz.,
will I ear in
is
mind what we
in
state elsewhere,
the
equator
called
352
and
symbol
was taught that Venus was born from a ship or ark, Llong Voel, (naked ship of That ship or ark was one of the symbols of Druidism). Ced, and the personified fecundity of the earth was Venus. Therefore it is probable the floating Lotos was another symbol of Ced, and that tlie Orientals believed the stars were, like Venus, her offspring, and that the seeds of the
the other hand, in the East
it
On
as symbols to
illustrate
that
beautiful
By
the way,
it
is
As intimated
already, in Druidism,
and
sun was regarded as his gardener. Hence the poetically under the titles or names Adam, Noah,
Adonis, Arthur, St. George, itc, are referred to as hus-
bandmen, or land cultivators. In Druidism, the sacred circular temple of the bards, be it small or large, was,
symbolically, the circular earth as a garden.
circle of Abiri or
circular
Avebury, Wilts, the largest of the kind in the world. The space within the circular moat, is, according to
Its diameter in one and twenty-seven perches. Endirection is 1,260 feet, and iu another 1,170 feet. circling the entire green arena is what remains of a broad
and deep moat, evidently formerly holding water as a Rising backwards from the outside of this canal or canal.
A V E.
S U HY
THE GOLGOTHA OF
AvEBURY
correct
(Coelus).
is spelt Abri by the Rev, AV. Stukeley, M.D., Rector of All form of the name, and it signifies Ab Ri, or Son of God, Ri or Rlii
I
It -vrill be observed that Silbury Hill is due south from the tt summit, on the south side of very old British churches, was, it seems, in im
S 5-3
III
!
si
M =?
TPIE
LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
it all
353
circle,
is
embankment. On the sloping ascent of the said embankment, and facing the vast flat green arena within
by the moat,
are distinct
traces
of
seats, all, of course,
rows of
verdure.
enclosing within
it
perches.
Within the said arena were two great circles, and each circle consisting of two rows of circles of stones, one In the centre of one of the double inside the other. three immense upright stones, each 21 feet circles were high, and arranged like the three legs of an old-fashioned
Cymric chair or
stool.
on the top of the said three uprights, was an Each outward circle of upright flat stone. stones consisted of 30 stones, and each of the inner ones The space or cove formed by consisted of twelve stones. the three uprights, was open towards the east and the
Lying immense
flat
The
immense round single pillar of stone, its lower part imbedded in the earth, signifying It was its point, stood in the centre of this double circle. twentj'-one feet in height, and eight feet nine inches in
leuch as the other had, was an
diameter.
SILBURY HILL
CYVRYNGOM.
is
circular
artificial
the enormous
mound
called
Silbury Hill.
There
354
13
Hill of Mediatorship).
Owen Pughe
evident "
has interpreted
" is an " Cyvryngydd (Mediator). In the old form of the word fourteenth of the Welsh Bardic Triads, the name is rendered "Cyvrangom" ''a" instead of the middle "y." That is clearly another error. At the end of the word we
is
Cyvryngom
have placed
of
wz
some
Sir
old scribe.
mound
as follows
"
The circumference
feet.
;
of the
hill,
The diameter at the top is 120 possible is 2,027 feet the sloping height is 316 feet, and the perpendicular The entire mound covers the space of height 170 feet.
and thirty-four perches of land " It is important to observe that the meridian line of the icmple, or the line of the solstitial colure (see p. 95) runs through the centre of the mound. It is traditionally stated by the bards of "Wales, that the Druids watched the sun on the afternoon of each shortest day (December 20th in Druidism), when, in his supposed agony, he was in the heavens level with That the the cross on the summit of Silbury Hill. assembled Druids stood, on each such occasions, either on
five acres
In reply we received the following communication from Mr. H. H. Turner, M. A., the Assistant Astronomer Royal of Britain
level with the said hill.
:
355
With reference to your letter, the Astronomer Sir, Rojal requests me to inform you that the period you refer to, \Yhen the hititude of the British Isles was very different,
is
not con-
its
present value
about
feet
14"
at
which altitude
it
high at
is'.
3 16
feet,
is
170
feet.
That the
(Odin)
is
was associated with Mercury implied by the name of a vast dyke bordering it,,,
was intended
teat/.
to
passed thai
The
was
The
to
was constructed of
tcuo
describe
on the march.
mit of a gentle
The head
sum-
suu
hill, called Overton. The head faced the Us vising on every Dectviber 22)id, described as a " Crowned Jiabe," coming to rale the world another year. The exact spot where the head rested is still called "Hackoil
ben."
is
''
the mutated
is
Hack"
356
no such word in the Welsh language, and we, therefore, conclude " Hack " is a corrupt Welsh name.
But there
The serpent
rational
is
a gigantic symhol.
The temple
rising all
it.
itself is
The
serpent
Ced,
otherwise
Minerva,
or feminine Divine
She had
district
the
Divine
Sou
in
that
of
Annwn,
(Womb)
into
which the old sun's Divinity (\|/) had escaped at sunset on December 20th, and described by Homer as going like a
sea-gull
:
Mew
(that)
is
above described as
Mew,
is called
On
the morning
of the solar
new year he is returning clothed in a dazzling new body towards the very region of the heavens wherein, as an old man, his old body had bean shattered by
(e),
Avagddu
And now Avagddu and his dusky forces, like before. Pharaoh and the Egyptian army pursuing Mouses and the Children of Israel into the Red Sea, are pursuing the young son-babe, Hesus the Mighty, and his train of redeemed souls from Gwenydva It appears as if Gwenydva was beyond Hades, in Druidic mythology, and that in the East
!
The
to
immense
the
garden
Earth
to
swiftly
mother doing
so,
encourage him
and to
terrify his
pursuing enemies.
Her awful
357
is
him
Hackben
and
to
a corruption of the
name Ogben,
off!
which
spring,
signifies Swift
In the Druidic symbolical system there were two other The former serpents a golden dragon and a red dragon.
:
symbolised the life in matter the latter destruction, and called " the Ked Dragon," and is the Cymric or Welsh symbol
;
sometimes called the Red Dragon of Cadwalader Cad Chwalu Tir and signifying, literally, The Prince Cadwalader the tumult of earth scattering. ^
of
war
to this day.
It is
is
he was " the last of the Welsh princes who assumed the
title
But we refer etymology of the word, and not to any particular The great serpent of Avebary signified the mother Golden Dragon or Venus and Sun.
of chief sovereign of Britain."
prince.
of the
The water
of
the
moat
encircling
the Temple
of
Divine
artist,
and described by Homer as being where the or architect, or carpenter {See page 101)
The
their summits,
was a Cromlcach, and was another symbol The of that of the ark of the sun and belly of Ced. Egyptian city called Thsbes signifies ark and also cow. It
^
Referring, doubtless, to
Rai.-^iiig
Earthworks, &c.
358
will be
gates,
remembered Homer states Thebes had a linndml the exact number of stones alonp^ the outward rim
and euch'chng the Druidic ark,
in
shown
on the Nile.
to this
Egypt as a shrine on the deck of the sacred barge The barge was a symbol of the belly of Isis,
Isis ii.
hundred," as " cant " cant gogr " (rim of a sieve), olwyn " (the rim of a wheel) Bryant in his Analysis states, a hundred was, &c. anciently, a symbol for indefinable space. And the hundred stones encircling Avebury implied, like the " hundred
called
;
by
this
and outside the temple proper we have an mound, known now as " Silbury." When the present Enghsh name was given to it there were, no doubt,
serpent
;
artificial
people
alive
signified.
able
seen,
to
explain
what
called
it
it
really
Pych
Cyvryngom Cyvryngom.
Mediatorship),
Cluda'r
also imply
an intermediary, and
refers to
the sun in the character of intermediary between the inhabitants of the earth and utter darkness.
Silbury Hill
is
the
The
.say,
to
"without" the
circle of the
therefore,
emblematically,
ment and order (Hebrews xiii., 12), and, therefore, in " Sodom" and Egypt, each the allegorical Hades or Shoe!
(Rev. xi., 8) of the Bible.
It is
350
summit
colure
^
\j
the
and the
the
it
horizontal cross
beam
Tropic
of
Capricornus,
loop
being
to receive into
for
safety
and symbolised v. 1). During the sun's supposed sufferings, the multitude here wept and lamented, as likewise did the multitude at Carn Ochain (Hill of Groans), St. David's and Bryn Wylfa
Divinity
inhabiting
the sun,
c.
{See Galatians,
iii.,
(Hill of Weepiu.;),
Borth
the
PwllheU (Pwll-Haul-Le), the Chasm Place of the Sun, meaning the adjacent channel to the west. These rites agreed with the weeping for Tammuz mentioned by Ezekiel (c. viii., v. 14., but when the sun is on the Tropic of Cancer), aad with the Adonia and the Saturnalia and with the solemnities of the Day of Atonement when the
Ireland, and called
360
CHAPTER XXVI.
THE TEMPLE OF AVEBURY (aB RHI), BRITAIN, AND THE CIRCUS :\IAXIMUS, OR GREAT CIRCLE, ROME.
HE
the vast
It
Circle
Maximus
at
other.
The legend
is to
referring to
Circus,
was constructed by Tarquinius Priscus, a character as It is stated that while legendary as our own King Arthur. Tarquinius Priscus and his wife Tanaquil, were journeying with a large number of people from Etruria towards Rome, and when they were on Mount Janculum in full view of the city, an eagle came down with a gentle swoop, and took the cap off the head of Tarquinius Priscus, and then wheeling round him, replaced it. His wife Tanaquil, who
was
of
this to be
an
Omen
:
of good.
He
eventually
became King
The following is another bit of legend founded on the solar myth When King Tarquinius was in the regal office, two countrymen, who pretended to have quarrelled, appeared before him as if to seek judgement, and while one of them was speaking, the other smote the
Rome.
fell
dead.
We
are
and Horus between Osiris and Typlion, (and the latter and of Jesus dying between two thieves on the Place of the Head. Now, the following is what After stating Taris stated about the Circus Maximus. Priscus constructed it, we are told, "it lay between quinius the Palatine and Aventine hills, and was of an oblong
circular form," {egg shaped), like Stonehenge.
361
of it was three stadia (or furlongs), and a the hreadth, a little 437 paces, or 2187.J feet more than a stadium (006 feet and 6 inches). It had rows of seats all round called fori or spectacule, rising one above the other. The lowest row^ of seats was of stone and the highest of wood, where separate places were allotted to each class of the people, and also to the senators, and to the equites. It was said to have held at least 150,000 persons, or according to others, above double that number according to Pliny 250,000. Some moderns say 380,0D0. It was stirrounded icifh a Its circumference wiis a mile.
half,
i.
The length
e.
ditch or canal called Euripus, ten feet hroarl, and ten feet
deep,
and with
porticoes
three
stories
high, both
the
Caesar.
Two
statues of
Mercury (Odin or
seems
37).
to
lime),
have
l7,
s.
58;
xviii.,
It is to
"line" Horace
death
is
i.,
alludes,,
the line
Augustus placed here an obelisk 132 feet high, which he had brought from Egypt, and at a small There distance from it, another obelisk 88 feet high.
Ep.
16, tin.
were also seven other pillars, having oval figures, called ova (eggs), which were raised, to denote how many
Above each of rounds the charioteers had completed. Dolphin (Delphus these ova (eggs), was the figure of a Womb), from which the earth's Anima, symbolised as
an
egg.,
had
originally
at
come.
Public games,
in the
like
the
courses
Stoneheuge,
were then
associated
with
religion,
Circus Maximus,
the
images of the gods were led along in procession on on men's shoulders, with a great train of attendants, part on horseback and part on foot.
carriages, in frames, or
3G2
THE
LIGfIT OF BRITANNIA.
Next followed the combatants, dancers, musicians, &c. the procession was over, the consuls and priests performed sacred rites. Vid3 Jloman Antiquities by
When
p.p. 27-1-27G.
Avebnry, there was a serpent associated with the Circns Maximus, and she was once seen as an awful omen, " issuing from the altar of the Eoyal Palace."
As
at
March, but represented as an old sun-god, Saturn, in December. This hill was sacred to Saturn, or old sun, as Silbury Hill, Avebury, was, and as we suppose Salisbury or Old Sarum was in relation to Stonehenge. Tarquinius
obtained the Sybilline books of the
fied
Cumaean
Sybil, identi-
by Aristotle with the Erythr^an Sybil, who seems to have been identical with the Cimmerian Sybil. The reader will recollect what we state elsewhere about "Erythia" of Herodotus that it is really Brythia or Britain. The " Cimmerian" name is undoubtedly Cymmru
;
(Wales).
It
is
simply
sheer lunacy,
the
allegation
that
It
the
Romans
of
may
the
including
the
many
in
Palestine
which
Palestine Exploration
Society's
surveyors
have recently
discovered there.
It
Maximus was
constructed after
eucircHng
it,
the
Roman
One
existence
fact that
structed,
was in when the Romans invaded this country, is the the road from London to Bath, which they conon its approach to Silbury Hill makes a sudden
363
bend to avoid Silbiiry Hill. We have stood on the summit of that hill, and have seen with our own eves that peculiarity in the course of the Yia Badonica.
IMMORTALITY OF ADONIS. In reference to the " death of Adonis at the vernal equinox, on the following day they feign that he is alive and ascended into heaven ('the heavens') and shave their
heads as the Egyptians do
Apis."^
at the
sun
is
(from
said his
''
hair,"
and
that,
when
Dalilah, said to
consort
had "cut
to
ofif
his hair as
he
his
lay
asleep
in
hair,
his
enemies
'
" In
stated literally,
the hairs of
"
head began
were shaved.'
Calmet
says
Samson continued in prison at Gaza about a year (this means one day, December 21st), and on the morrow " a year and a day" he re-asserted his
further that
povsrers as
Hu
See
p.
1:!3.
were not mistaken when they supposed many things in the Olil Testament were sacred allegories, and therefore were
not to be understood
literally.
honour of Bacchus (the sun), and the sun wa? painted by the Egyptians at the winter solstice as having but a single hair on his head. When the hair was cut ofi in honour of
the dead
it
was done
in a circular form.
Allusion
is
made
to
cum
pp.
vc3te capillos."
a id 577.
iii.
')76
Bi')le,
undtT "Samson."
364
By way of humiliation to a captive woman, if a foreigner, Jew was directed to shave her head.^ In page 198 of
is
Herodotus
borean
the following
virgins (Britons),
who
which they
No
human
hair
came
in
and humiliation among his sympathisers. and south of the temple Avebury runs through the middle of Silbury Hill.- xVnd the sun is at noon on the shortest day (December 20th) exactly above Silbury Hill, and south of the temple.
the meridian
line^
Now,
-north
of
Kenan,
in
his Life
states,
on the
This,
was on
the south
was associated in the popular mind with that direction from Mount Zion. It will be recollected that in Druidism the old sun, every year, was put to death on the meridian line in tlie south, running through the Tropic of Capricornus.
We
1
Dr. Stukely
'
and confirnifd
is
Scholars, however, are not name. Is it Acli (Hebrew for brother). Kl There is e.xcecding (sun), Dama (blood) JJiood of the Brother (of) the Sun ? probal)ility Judas Iscariot Avas intended to re])resent Typhon, who killed Osiris his brother, and that Osiris, Horns, and Typlion were identical with Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto, who, in the corrupt mythology wliich concentrated at Alexandra, Avere said to be "three suns of Saturn," or the old sun of eacli dying
llakeltlama
tlie
agreed upon
meaning
yrar.
3C5
shortest day
is still
It is
known
to the learned,
pagan
trinity
instead of the
(the
as in
Druidism
was
Tamniuz
sun in Syriac)
titles,
are said to
have been
As
to
at the winter
end of the solar year, was typical of Lord Jesus Christ at the end of the Nisan 14th or March 25th, O.S., sacred year of the Jews each reader must determine in his own opinion.
solstice, that is, at the
St.
among
regard
follows:
Minor,
and
to
"0 foolish
it
as
typical
rite
for
he addresses tliem as
you,
Galatians,
that ye should not obey the truth, before whose eijes Jesus Christ hath been evidently " (" openly," says Arnold) " set
forth, crucified
among
yov.^'
and no doubt,
the Galatians
were Druids
performed
annually
at
the
Judging
by the mode the Druidic wren symbol of the sun's death is set forth in the Isle of Man, it appears that the sun was depicted as being crucified with arms stretched out, and
that those arms
were symbolised by the Druids by the {See Psalm stretched out wings of the wren on a pole. This leads us to suppose that in ancient times xxii., 16.) a great cross with an oval loop on top stood on the summit
and that when the sun apf eared to the south from the temple and level with the middle of the cross,, he
of Silbury Hill,
3G3
on the
tree,
But
now comes
a tremendous
difficulty
as to
how
to
reconcile
Power of Darkness who puts the sun to death, as it was Mars or the Destroyer, in the shape of a wild boar, who mortally wounded Adonis on Mount Libanus, and Typhou killing Osiris.
of the Lord Jesus. In Druidism
it is
THREE DEVILS PURSUING- THE DIVINE LOGOS. The Divine Logos in the sun, however escaped, symbolised by a white dove in Syria and by a wren in Britain^
and
is
symbolised
is
Ced
an ark.
of the
also as
in
Delphus
The
trinity of
Uades, that
to
Dove
form of a three-headed
from the body of the sun, pursuing him in the Montfaucon dog called Cerberus
;
shows
it
on the ark into which the sun has escaped from him.
The
head
head
shown thus a human a dog's head (fidelity), a monkey's These, in Druidism, are Avagddu,
:
We
the Druids not only had a garden, similar in every respect to the
Garden of Eden, but also their Mount Calvary, which was also a garden, and signifying both the birth-place and the same womb and grave, or dual symbol, grave of the sun
moon
We
now
There were,
we
Garden of
367
Eden, namely, ''the Tree cf Knowledge of Good and Evil," growing in the midst of that garden, and also "the Tree of Life," likewise in the midst of the garden. Two trees in the middle of Eden. Adam and Eve "ate " of " the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil," and the result
was that the Elohim (gods) became alarmed, and said to each other, " Behold the man is become one of us to knov; good and evil," and to prevent the man Irom attaining to
the possession of a
still
immortality,
it is
said
"And
now,
lest
he put forth his hand and take also of the Tree of Life, and
eat and live for ever
;'"
Lord God
Elohim,
re-
till
he was turned out of the Garden ground fro7n whence he had hefn originalhj of Eden to that for the earth or ground of the taken into the garden Garden of Eden was not different to any other mould, therefore, the reference here is not to tiie substance with which the body of Adam was made, but to his excommunication, and to his being sent back to the plase from which he w-as
taken.
This
signifies
'.'he
cherubim guarding
it,
them,
on the east
side af
the tabernacle,
and what
is
Abbe Pezron,
in his Antiquities
makes the following important statement " We find that the Phoenicians, by the testimony of Sanchoniathon, quoted
by Eusebius, the companions of Saturn"
^
(old
Jf.A.'^,
Enqnirif into
tlie
Patriarchalayid Druidical
1-.
Jitli(jion,
Temples, ^x.,
pjif,'*'
368
sons)
''whom he calls II" (Sun Haul ''signifying God, were called Elohim"
Phoenician language
;
it
of the
Druids,)
(gods)
"in the
wherefore
is
The Titans
Creator
(See
page
C8).
Hence Tydain,
Divine
voice, is said to be
of the
Holy Muse).
is
But Nature
is
God
is
Anima, hence
also Ihe
Bath Kol.
it
We
in the
proper place
REEDS.
book of his Georgics, intimates as an Arkite boat) by playing on his pipes or SjTynx, he also confounds the old sun with the Almighty Cell of the British Druids. " The
in the third
When Virgil,
that
of all
King of the Atlantic Islands, was reputed father the gods, and gave his name to the heavens, which from
Coelum, because he invented astrology (astronomy), which was unknown till his time."^ Here again is confounded the old sun (Arawn) with the Almighty Celi. " Others," Dr.
Potter continues, "ascribe the invention both of astrology
him
^
and the whole science of the celestial bodies to Atlas from these discoveries were communicated to Hercules, wdio
;
Diodorus Siculus,
lib.,
iii.,
p.
132
Ef
l)j-
p. 518.
369
The
reader
what we
state elsewhere
tion
Adlais of
flat
Cell,
the great
In the foregoing
;
Atlas (Adlais)
Hercules
is
the
The allegory of the sun and nature, otherwise Tegid and Mofwyn, answering each other vocally in spring after
crossing the river of
life
is
thus
described by Lucretius.
After stating
He
it is
He
In
sighs
god
surprise,
Yet
this shall
make
us friends at
last,'
he cries."
Lncretiuif.
i.,
5.
Here also the sun carries the title meaning Chief,) through the solar year.
Virgil states
:
of
''Pan" (Pen,
The reader
Silenus, is
in
mind
Bacchus as an old man, and that Bacchus is Pan, and the vocal reeds answering also called Moses. his musical sighs, "in soft small notes," are much like
^
I'salm, xxiii.,
I.
370
Red
Sea (Exodus xv.). Here it is the \l/ (Seminal Logos) in spring (March 2125) that sings, and the echo is the
*'
are
meant.
The "voices" of spring Thus the singing of Moses and Miriam Red Sea.
Pan's
The
life
error
is
due to the
365 the deficit being from December days, minus 40 hours 4 o'clock p.m. on the 20th, to 8 o'clock a.m. on the 22nd of that month.
lasted each year
Not only was the old sun called Saturn Silenus, Pan, Arawn, e^c, but also II (Haul Sun) by the Phoenicians, according to Sanchoniathon, and H's three sons are called Elohim (gods). Those three sons of Saturn or II, were symbolised by three Druidic Priests, as we have frequently
explained.
This
is
the reason
why
"gods"
or
regarded as
goddesses.
To
to habit, to
National Eisteddfod of Wales, it is customary, according announce the " gods " Plennydd, Alawn, and
Gwron
are present,
though
invisible, in the
Holy
Circle.
eminent
Hebrew
scholar,
He
judge.
How
long
^vi\\
371
Verses 6 and 7
"
High are ye all. Yet as men shall ye and as one of the princes shall ye fall." Then the same name as given to the " men," no doubt the priests,
sons of the Most
die,
is
given to Jehovah (Jahve) himself in the eighth verse " Arise, Elohim, oh judge the earth, for thou liast a claim
:
upon
'
all
nations."
is
"God"
translated
first
named
Elohim "
when it is
evident that
gregation of God."
Psalm, and
to the apphcation of
ANIJ
to the priests,
HIS
NAME OR WORD.
Name
This
Word
" And throws a flood of light on the following statement: to Seth, to him also there was born a son, and he called
his
name Enos.
to call
upon the
NAME
oftheLord."^
The Druids
of the
its priestly
symbol of the
NAME
of the Lord,
and therefore
of
for it is said
" Einigan,
the
Great, beheld
he took Three Rods (\I/) of the Quicken Tree, and placed on them the forms and signs of all sciences so as to be remembered ; and exhibited them.
"And
>
Qtnesit
iv.,
26th.
372
" But those who saw him misunderstood, and falsely apprehended them, and taught illusive sciences, regarding the Rods as a
his
GOD,
whereas
they
only bore
NAME.
When
Einigan saw
this,
"
He
was so distressed on that account that his heart broke, and with his parting breath, he prayed God that there should be accurate science among men in the flesh, and
there should be a correct understanding for
the proper
discernment thereof.
" At the end of a year and a day after the decease of
which exhibited the sciences of ten letters, and the mode in which all the sciences of language and speech were arranged by them, and in language and speech all distinguishing
sciences
secret,
all
except the
NAME
of God,
which he made
;
should be falsely discerned and hsnce arose the secret of Bardism of the Isle of Britain.
lest
the
NAME
And God imparted His protejtion to this secret, and Menw a very discreet understanding of sciences under His protection which understanding is called Awen from
" gave
for
ever
is
it.
mouth
of
Adda (Good
mouth
of
Adda."
impHed three
crosses.
{Bardism,
\).
50.)
373
is
''Adda"
Druidic
is
translated
of the sun.
"Adam,"
but
it
a borrowed
name
The
leach.
is
the
great stone in the centre of the circle and top of the cromIt is very
at
church
with
Jerusalem,
we
find Jesus,
and John, corresponding with the British Archdruid, and Plennydd, Alawn, and Gwron. In the Garden of Gethsemane, after leaving the rest of the apostles in the rear, the Lord Jesus said to them, " sit ye here while I
shall pray yonder.
And he
taketh with
to be sore
On
As
met
in
Him
god-head centred in
Him
bodily.
9.)
In the book of Revelation we are told something more " And about the Tree of Life than is given in Genesis.
he showed
me
life,
God and
Lamb^ and
stream of
and yielded
^
twelve
manner
of fruits,^
St.
Murk, xiv., 32, 33. St. Matthew, xxvi., 36. 2 The tree itself standing in " the river."
Revelation, xxii
2.
Branches.
374
Lamh.
located.
to inquire
where the
God and
line,
Jupiter Avas
eastern
the
equinoctial
and
the
space
summer, the seasons when the influence of the sunbeams fertilise, and afterwards ripens, the fruit of the earth, the northern heavens were supposed by the ancients to be the locality of the throne of the Creator and the sun. The
throne of the Destroyer
darkness.
is
in the
south, the
to the
region
of
To
this
northern
heavens as the
as round.
Bwrdd Arthur
is
singular that
in
the
also
stellation
question
name
It
Arthur, one of
or gardener.
in very
husbandman
seems as
if
remote
times,
himself imperfectly acquainted with their language, supposed Arthur, because of the similarity of Arth the first
syllable in the
name
of Arthur
to the
Welsh name
for a
bear (Arth), gave the name of Bear to the constellation of the northern sky. As to where the ancient Hebrews supposed the throne of God to be situated, see pages 22 and 23
on
this subject.
The River
eastern
of Life is
the
equinoctial
line,
from the
apex of
to
according
which the fertilising essence coming, the mistaken geography of the ancients,
through the sun, streams into the earth in the spring time.
That
line is described
I,
the letter
375
Iwen or Holy
is
now
spelt
posed to refer to the evergreen sacred tree growing within ecclesiastical enclosures, but the name, without a doubt,
to the
sacred enclosure
itself,
when
is
belonged to
the
Druids.
"
Ewe "
and the Phoenicians, &c., adopted the sheep as the symbol of their " church," as the
consort of Jupiter
Amon,
Eam
in spring, in the
same way
had previously
adopted the cow as the consort of the sun in the sign of the Bull in spring {see p. 37 j. We remind the reader that Mai I or Mali (like I), is to this day a Welsh pet name
for
Mary.
It is identical
all
with the
name
is
reputed mother of
mankind
in the
In reference to
the
Astronomer Royal of England states, "the vernal equinox passed from the Bull to the Ram in 1845 b.c, and from the Ram to Fishes in 125 B.C., and will pass from Fishes to the Waterer in 2719 A.D. But if slightly difterent boundaries be adopted for the constellations, the above figures would be modified."
sun and earth, in a
letter to us, the
the Paschal
Lamb
before
Egypt
have
1845 b.c, neither could the exodus from taken place before that date. But the
to annually slay the
Hebrews continued
Paschal
Lamb
after
Ram Lamb
and rose in the sign Fishes on March 21st, or, lunarly, on Nisan lOth, when the Paschal Lamb was " housed " or
instead, as
it
does
still
imprisoned.
376
life
" in the
Tne
attaining
the
chief point in
the
last
named
21st,
region at
June
when
the
sun
is
It is the period of
The period
is
of his greatest
day on December 20th, when he is crossing the Tropic of That meridian line Capricornus in the southern heavens. is the Druidic River of Life. Let the reader always recollect
we
was
The
parallels of terrestrial
were the Druidic circles called Abred (see p. 21), through which " lives" transmigrated by the agency of the
animal kingdom.
It
supposed animal
velopment, to
lives
be delivered eventually to a
human
con-
lives"
is
compared
graphy.
north of
it
To the south of it is winter and death summer and life eternal in the heavens.
to the
The
same idea is seen in comparing the " wilderness " to this life, the Jordan to the River of Death, the Dead Sea to Sheol or Hades, and Palestine to Paradise or Heaven.
was anciently believed that the lives of the dead would return from Annwn or Hades, along the apparent meridian path of the sun and drawn by it, hence the most ancient way of burying the dead was with the feet, and
It
therefore, the face southward.
That
;
is
the Persian
mode
to the
of interring the
and on Pontypridd
there,
is
seen
377
The other
in the sign
physical growth,
The sun
eastern
rising
it
of the
lamh
(Aries) on
its
point,
then floods the earth along the equinoctial " river," witli chemical "life" properties, re-animating, hy its flood of
ra3's,
vegetation, that
is
to
say,
earth.
Thus the
sun's position at
the
summer
solstice,
equinox
two
positions
are
referred to as
"the throne
of God and the Lamh." This is what the Prophet Isaiah means by referring to the northern heavens as the " Mount Assembly of Gods," and "the corner of the north."
The Tree
is
in
which bears twelve manner of fruit, the Seminal Logos exercised spring along the line of the equator, here compared to
of Life,
a " river."
"
the
sun's
power
sustains the
fruitful
branches,
sun
in
each
exercising
in-
37S
CHAPTER
THE
XXYII.
THE
SUN.
GARDEN
OF
HE
The
last
named
referred
its
indicated by
is
the sacred
name symbol
\i/
divided
sign,
/|\
with the cromleach lying horizontally on its top, is the symbol of the Word of God as Adlais (A.tlas) or reverberation, returning
Annwn
(Great Deep)
it
up
The
described by various
flowers
all
and
fruit
the belly of
Ced (source and also grave of Almighty as a tumulus, it is Mount Meru, otherwise Mount Moriah
;
symbol of mother of the sun, of Ced, and into which he returns as Old on each December 20th it is then the Mount of the as a blackened skull or head
kist in its centre is the
;
Skull or Golgotha.
379
each said to be the middle of the earth's surface, with the ' cave " in the centre of its circumference.
BAPTISM OF RE-GENERATION.
In the Christian
is
the
cave " or
womb
is
of Ced,
The
idea
borrowed
itself is
regenerated on each
December 22-25 from the womb of Ced, who is said in mythology to be floating in the sea, the earth being her
and the stone kist or font being her symbolical womb. Here we have the tumulus or belly represented
belly,
itself.
In the act of
the time
symbolising the
is
Almighty
uttering
His
in a
Word.
water,
This
spiritual sense.
similarly regenerated was the babe Son of God, on the morning of the first day of creation, and repeated on the morning of every December
first
The
sun, or
Rome, England, and we believe in the Greek Church also, the priest, when the triune Word is pronounced by him over the head of the child that is being regenerated from the font, holds up his thumb and two fingers to symbolise the sacred \|/ the venerable emblem of the Word of God which animates.
;
380
To symbolise
which
is
Word,
is
lath,
shaped thus
/|^
This
is
is
Titania's
called
name
to be
signifies
For the Roman T the Druidic /l\ is Ydain is compounded of ud (vociferaIn Welsh, Cainc is tion) and cain (beautiful or charming). used to describe a strophe in music, and by the proverb is
the Holy Spirit (Awen).
understood.
to
Word three notes in one melody echoing back from Annwn or Hades through the entire fabric of physical
Sacred
nature, and the
Holy
Spirit or
it.
No wonder
the Isles
of the
The
entire
It is
stated
the
Druids,
by
way
it
of
lustration,
was performed at noon on the longest day, therefore when the sun was on the meridian on June 2lst, which w^as called by them Sul-Gwyn, or "Holy Sun" day; literally, White Sun Day. It seems that to symbolise that holiness, each disciple was The Sul-Gwyn was the Pentecost of the robed in white.
Britons.
Each
it,
dew
drops,
stood with his back to the sun, but the officiating Druid stood facing
in his hand,
and dipping
vessel,
it
in the collected
dew drops
381
The
birch
is still
called
another form of Bad (boat), a symbol of Ced, the mother of the smi [vide the boat in p, 66, with the infant sun rising out of it). The dew symbolised the masculine principle of God descending as heat in the dew the boat the feminine principle of Ced. It is stated that owing to the
;
brilliant
arch of
called
in
old
Welsh,
of
It is a
compound
Ein
and Mysg (midst), and implying the rainbow was of the Divine presence at the ceremony, as was the flashing of the diamonds on the shoulders of the high
(our)
an emblem
Dew
is
called in
Welsh
gicylith, or
priest stood
by a trench
full
of
His own water, symbolising the sea around the earth. person symbolised the sun on earth as the husband of
the
church representing
Morewyn
or
Venus Marina or
It is to this
Divine paternity and maternity, as two principles but one natural force, the poet Aratus alludes in the words " we are
his
offspring,"
The Archdruid
Duw
is
and
Dad
hence
Lucan
states
It
the Druids
worshipped Teucalled
Tates (Teutates).
will
be recollected Father
382
the
language
of the Eruids,
and that
Dew
(God) as Tew, as
Tew-Kesbury,
in various parts of
England.
The Arch-
He had
middle was the incarnate Mercury, the minister " gods," that is to say, of the Divine emanations of the
self in the
Mercury is identical with Odin and Woden, hence Woden's day (Woodman's day, that is to say, Man of Letters) is the middle day of the week, with three days on each side of it.
The wand
and the
/|\
equinoctial line,
or the
rever-
beration of
said to have
WORD
The
in
follow-
in the
Meyryg Davydd.
Raglan That
its
was the
resort of the
bards
for information
MSS.
Druids:
"God
Word
to
in vocalising
\(/,
and
with the
all
taneously
being
or
and
life,
/i\,
Name
Word
of the Creator."
We
find in
383
l\y
the
CeU Ahiiighty
b}'
for that
:
is
the
of the
following lines
Prince Aueurin
Babe, on the
"The Crowned
Sang a
cliaut in
first
GWEXYDVA (Elysium)
tlie
By Awen from
Highest
Good A.
lived."
meant the luminous body of the sun, as the vehicle of the Awen. See page 68, and /olo MSS., pages 45, 424, and 265. It will be borne in mind that the sign /l\ is tha symbol of the echo or" the Divine voice coming from Ced and the sign T with a longer vertical centre stroke, is the symbol of the echo of the voice of Tegid, transmitted by his
It is clear,
is
;
,
we
sister-spouse
Morwyn
She
is
Moses
and Miriam, after (Miriam answering the song of Moses), signify Tegid and Morwyn on March 2lst after crossing into spring; Red Sea
placed instead of the River of Life.
Be
it
from Egypt
is
Land
But there
difference
and the second after crossing the Jordan. The first is said to have been followed by the destruction of Pharaoh and the Egyptian army and
occurred hejore crossing the
Sea,
;
The Red
first
event
is
said to have
Wxo,
and
its
inhabitants, and
crossing the
Red Sea
384
and the people shouted, hefore the destruction of Jericho and its inhabitants. 8ee Exodus xii. and xiii., also Joshua iv. and vi. In the two narratives the Druidic solar allegories of the winter solstice and the vernal equinox are mixed. Joshua or Jesus is both Hesus the Mighty, of December
22-25, and Tegid, of
March 21-25.
called
The
cross
of
Egypt
is
Tau
(Father)
r\
\]
Druidism by the Egyptians at some remote epoch in the The loop on the top of the history of religion. said cross is the Delphus (Womb) of Ced, and belongs to It is into it that the symbols of the winter solstice. the Divinity of the Sun (\|/), symbolised by a wliite dove, a wren, &c., escapes at sunset on December 20th, from the But the name Tau cross of the Tropic of Capricornus.^
tion of the corruption introduced into
(Father),
incorrectly
given
to this
cross
of
itself,
proves
it
placed
\|/
symbol
the
Seminal
Word the
to be
the
middle stroke of
is
middle
of
as
shown
of the
Sun
\!/
The
^ The Wren. We forgot to mention in p. 99, tliat Dry", the Welsh name of Wren. 8i<^nifies Druid. We may as well mention the esoteric teaching tliat the wren's nest is a Druidic syml)ol of the membrum virginalis, and tlie body of the wren of the Seminal Logos. The wren's nest, too, is an emblem of the vulva of tile great goddess-mother C6d as the "grave" into which the Divinity of the sun escapes for refuge and also rehabilitation, December 20-22, and from which his
385
was made by those responsible for placing the death of Osiris, Adonis, Arawn, Silenus, Tammuz, Saturn, Pan, &c. all meaning the same old sun at the
solstice.
They
the place of the death of the old sun in the heavens, instead
of the spot where the Solstitial Colure crosses the Tropic
Having thus blundered in one thing they did so in the other by substituting for the cross of the death
of Capricornus.
and gave
in
it
the
name
of Father,
and describe
it
also
noon
March
instead of
December
days of the personified sun's marriage to his sister-spouse the day also of his death at noon in the air at the hands of
his " brother,"
Typhon, or Avagddu
in
Druidism.
(\|/)
The young
Word
in all its
to the equator.
He
is
now
prime
is
Titania
Morewyn,
and transmits his pollen to the seeds When now he is on the equator in
spring, the points of his wings touch the Tropic of Cancer and
In
short, the
body
\|/,
him by
and Ced
on December 22nd-25th.
"GoJ
NAME
Y
WORD, with
3S6
Oh
Heavenly utterance
melodious
tiie
WORD
"
Thou grand
creative music of
Lord
Taliesin
Ab
lolo's
Lrui/h:
But owing
to either the
or
Adonis and
to
Morwyn
alone, are
made
perform
the duties apertaiuing in the first place to Almighty Celi and his consort Ced Amen Ra and Isis i. and forgetting them altogether The same music of the sun is set forth by tlie pipes of Pan, and the piping reeds.
In the
is
light of
very remarkable
sing, if
we sing properly,
it
is
we
produce.
Mrs. Hughes sings into a tube of her own invention, which she calls the Eidophone, and the sound waves register their vibrations on an elastic
Hazell, Watson, and Viney.
membrane,
in definite shapes.
When
the
membrane
is
this
manner, and they might have l^een printed straight from the ferns themselves. The geometrical shapes are perhaps the most curious. Here are stars, and circles, and crosses, and a sort of letter "S" which looks like a double-
Some
6oi
the most
If
you sing in
wrong way, with the wrong pitch, or the wrong intensity, you simply addle your egg of sound shape and get a more or less formless figure. Mrs. Watts Hughes
does not claim to be the discoverer of this extraordinary
process.
More than
century since,
to
form
regular patterns.
by a vocal sound.
The Eidophoneis
When
covered
skilful
ball, a
can
make
this
exquisitely
sensitive
material
do
to be
is
a,
demonstration that
may
Londom
The
signs
\|/
and
/|\
are
shown
in
is
combination as a
double triangle
{sec p.
250;, by which
the masculine and feminine principles as divine agents at work perpetuating creation. Both symbolical signs were
made by
both,
therefore,
the Druids with the wood of the sacred oak, and were " trees." Those two " trees " are
the Druidic " Tree of Life," and the " Tree of Knowledge
Good and Evil" of the Druidic Garden of the sun. The sign \|/ was named the Tree of Life because it symbolised the " Word of God " or of the Celi Creator,
of
most melodiously, and as the result " life vibrated through all existences, and through every existing materiality, and the blessed in heaven shall hear it for Y 2 ever and ever."
uttering
it
388
as
The wand
itself,
as already stated,
was held in the middle Thus the southern wing indicates the of the sacred circle. route of the sun during the winter months south w^ard of the line, and the northern wing the route of the sun As during the summer months northward of the line. already stated, winter with its darkness, coldness, and discomfort was regarded by the Druids as typical of physical and moral evil. Summer, W'ith its light, w^armth, and myriads of blessings, as typical of every physical and moral
indicates the equinoctial line that
goodness.
Therefore the
its
Titania's
Wand
of
with
vertical
beam, and
respectively,
was
"the Tree
Knowledge of
the Druids.
upon which the Druids placed three golden apples symbolising the sun in spring, summer, and winter, as already explained in preceding pages. It is very curious and remarkable to find the penitent and the impenitent thieves, one on either side of the d3ang Saviour, represented good and evil one on each side of the Sun of Eighteousness.
;
We
or.
Melodious Re-
Holy Spirit. was not a cross of death, but one of knowledge of good and evil, and adorned with three apples as symbols
verberation of the Voice of the Father of the
of the
year.
the
In
St.
seems
among
389
in
As
stated already,
it
is
at
middle
of the
Tropic
is
of
Capricornus every
December
a most cin^ious coincidence that at the ; most ancient of our churches the cross is jound fixed on the top of a miniature Calvary opposite the southern
it
20th
and
as
said
elsewhere, the
great
mound
to be a
from Sol-Barrow, or Grave of the Sun, and it bears the same solar relation to Stonehenge as Silbury Hill does to Avebury, being, like the latter from Avebury, to the south
of Stonehenge.
Having names
signifying sepulchres of
to
be his death
Hades
It
called Gvvenydva.
appears to us
quite
certain
line,
at the
custom of observ-
Decemtlie
March 25th,
Hebrew
sacred year.
300
"j
Saitli
Gyvrinacli
Orddovn"
These refer to the operahis influence on the earth, as the garden tions of tlie snn by of the sun, during his annual progress through the seven There were seven corresponding ones planetary spheres. emanating from Ced by the agency of Morwyn, assisted by the Adlais (Atlas) which is the musical reverberation of the voice of God, which musical voice gave the vocalising
(the Seven Profound Mysteries).
We
named
the Atlantides.
In Greek mythology
In
Atlas
is
Shem, the middle and Ham, the south. In other words, Japheth, Europe; Shem, Asia; and Ham,
;
391
Circle,
the incarnate
office.
He
is
the incarnate
Word who
is
Hu
Tegid
at
other-
He is Oaranos,
as Ced's
Anima
As
and Gwron, the personified three elementary emanations of God, and he is, therefore, the complete "Word and it is
;
said,
therefore, that in
head bodily.
him dwell the fulness of the GodAs mentioned before, when the Archdruid is Divine Worship he faces the east. His left
is
;
his right
is
hand
side is
(right
towards the
called
De
hand
side)
the Avest
allusion to
called
Gorllewin
y-Llewyrch
Goror-
DE,.iGOX.
Now
to revert to
wand
arms indicate as stated before, respectively summer and and knowledge of good and evil. winter; light and darkness on the geographical equator opposite to Being stationed where the sun rises when day and night are of equal length, it is regarded by the Druids as a period of truce between
;
3S2
The Druids represent the Ked Dragon of blood as twirling up, on the southern arm of and the Golden Dragon twirling on the right the cross arm, as if preparing for another light for mastery the Red Dragon is preparing to attack the sun as the cause of life
and between
life
and death.
is
On
the rod of
the
the
wand
are
serpent,
dallying
in
loving
embrace,
symbolising
W'isdom of
gation.
God and
simply
whole earth
emblem of the Adam, the gardener, is the personified sun in spring and Eve is or Mor'wyn (Maid) of Druidism, called Mai I Venus and Myrrah of the Phoenicians, the I being the (Mali) symbol as the upright wand of Titania, that is to say, same
as
the
garden
the
sun.
revert to
see that
what we
a
Taurine period, he
Adam A-dda and a and that the four '' rivers" In the of Eden are \\\.^ four udders of the sacred cow.^^ period when the Druids abandoned the Taurine symbols, three priests instead of three bulls, and three priestesses instead of three cows, came to be employed as symbols, and it appears the three priests, judging by what Sanchoniathon states, were called gods, and that those three priests would
white
bull stood for
Mai
I,
393
the
Garden from
annoyed
with
outside,
their
became
had taken off " the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil," and lest they should also " take of the Tree of Life, and eat and live for ever," the Elohim (gods) had both Adam and Eve turned out of the garden, to till the groand outside, " from whence they So they had had an were taken " into the garden.
reference to the apple they
some lay sphere before they ivere taken into There cannot be any doubt, we think, that by Paradise the garden is meant an ecclesiastical enclosure.
existence in
the garden.
is
the Persian
name
to this
day
for
an enclosed garden.
What
the
tion that
can be more astonishingly absurd than the interpretait was the Almighty saying to Himself, " Behold
is
man
become one
of us
(!)
to
evil
he put forth his hand and take also of the Tree of Life, and live for ever," therefore, Jehovah Elohim (observe it is Jehovah gods, or gods of the Name
and now,
lest
or
Word)
sent
forth to
till
the ground
This implies they were turned out, meaning, we think, excommunicated, from the " garden," to till other ground
That other ground was the earth, in the sense we now call "the world," as distinguished from the " church," which, in Druidism, would be called Cylch It implies that or Circle (Paradiso Circular Garden). Adam was returned into the place from whence he was originally taken into the garden, which it appears was
than that of Eden.
simply a circular structure of stones emblematical of the circular earth above the rational horizon, as the gardc-n
The
allegory implies
"
394
Adam
is
was a layman, who had made the priests jealous. It Adam is Ad Hama (the Persian a medley throughout.
of Lord, the sun).
'i'
,
name
Titania
"
an oak large and handsome, growing up wn'tli two principal arms in the form of a cross, besides the main upright
stem.
If the
sufficiently
adapted to
the
right
beam
to
it.
Upon
the
in
fair
upon the upright stem " above the junction of the two arms " the word The last name should have been Tarianydd Taramis." the porch. (shielder), meaning Ced, or the loop Delphus "Upon the left branch," Shedius goes on to state, "is Now Belenus is identical with the Belenus.' " carved
characters, the
name Hesus
(Jesus)
'
Druidic
trinity,
Gwrou
is
branch
of the cross
Avhen facing the eastern point of the heavens, and that by the " right branch," is meant that opposite the spectator's
left
when he
is
branch
that line.
Belenus,
or
Gwron,
Hesus, or Jesus,
the conquering
Shedius continues:
(3od
"In
the
two
re-
Father), "and under the same The upright or trunk of the sympeatedly Thau." and west where the the equinoctial
Thau"
(Tad
^
of the
bolises
line
east
305
due
Father Hermes, exercises, when then rising influence upon the seeds in the earth, hence he is Tad (Thau, Thoth, Tat, Tot, Toot, &c.,
east,
his fertilising
in
various languages).
"We believe
correct
it is
cross, and the names inscribed thereon, from the Druids themselves, with Latin translations of two of the names, nameh% (Hesus),
Hu
"
ASSOCIATED
theory of the ancients as to the birth of souls. Bees," writes he, " were thought to be proper emblems of
^
what the Opoptne termed New-born Souls." Faber further states, "those new-born souls were believed to have been produced from bull," Taurine Sun. "Hence," he pro-
"Bees were named Bugenis." In Welsh Bu is the ancient name of bull, and the Welsh name is prounced " bee," and Geni is the Welsh verb to be born. A cow in Welsh is Bu-Hwch, and signifies Bull's Sow.
ceeds,
Virgil,
after
1
describing
in
an
extremel}^
interesting
manner the
tions,
"From
these indica-
and led by these examples, some have alleged that a mind and a heavenly emanation, may
the tracts of the sea, the depth of the heavens;
species
its
Mys.
Cabiri, \o\.
ii.,
p. 367.
Virgil's Georijics,
Book
iv.
396
flowers are
make
That
known
to all Celtic
was
Cler by the
Welsh of the present day, and bees are, as a distinctive name called Gwenyn. In the Ancient Laws of Wales is " The extraction of nobility in bees is from the following: Paradise, and on account of the sins of man did they come from thence and God gave His blessing upon them."
was compiled,
era.
But obviously
that,
the allusion
is to
the emanations of
by comparison, the Druidic bardic clergy, as Divine messengers to mankind, were called Cler, and that Cler
and
among
flies
sym-
bolised
among them
We think not.
modern exclusive Welsh name for Bees, viz., "Gwenyn," which ought to be Gwynyn, It is a compound. affords us a key to the matter. Gwyn (white) signifies Holy', the termination " Yn," used in a plural sense, is evidently the word Yni (energy) Gwynyn, therefore, signifies with the "i" clipped off. Holy Energy.
The
etjanology of the
The
(vol.
ii.,
'
Dr.
Owen
397
See also
entertained in
many
Bees
ii.,
parts of Engla,nd.
(MelissiiD p. 365.
Bryant's
Analysis on
or Melittae), and
Hugh
having
Miller,
in
his
My
mentions a Highland
its
story,
which doubtless,
with bees.
is
a legend
life,
origin in
the
Druids associating
human
:
His cousin,
"
young men had been spending the earl}^ portion of a summer's day in exactly such a scene as that in which he communicated the anecdote. There was an ancient ruin beside them, separated however from the mossy bank on which they sat by a slender runnel, across which there lay,
immediately over
grass-stalks.
Two warm
miniature
cascade,
few
withered
young men
beside him,
attention
fell
Overcome by the heat of the day, one of the asleep; his companion watched drowsily
all
when
at
by seeing a
little
scarce larger
man, and leaping upon the moss, move downward to the runnel, which it crossed along the withered grass-stalks, and then disappeared in the ruin. Alarmed by what he saw, the watcher hastil}^ shook his companion by the but with all his haste, the shoulder and awoke him more rapid in its movements, little cloudlike creature, still issued from the interstice into which it had gone, and
;
flying
instead of creeping
along the
of the
grass-stalks
re-entered
the
mouth
The sleeper, just as he was in the act of aw^akening. " sleeper then told his companion, he was in the midst of a
delightful
firing at
398
tliis
wombs
tively set
down
as,
end of any six months after the fertilisation of the human Wordsworth, in the following stanza, imples a ovum.
belief in the former existence of souls
"
:
Our birth is but a sleep, and a forgetting The soul that rL-es in us, our life's star, Has had elsewhere its setting.
afar."
is
comes from the ancient practice of making the event knowm to the Druidic Clergy called Bees or Cler. Some
years ago, observe a correspondent of the Athenceum, a
gentleman at a dinner-table happened to mention that he was surprised, on the death of a relative, by his servant inquiring whether his master would inform the hecs of tho
event, or whether he should do so.
On
him
that
would resent the neglect by deserting the hive. Aftervvards it was ascertained the practice of informing the bees, and placing tokens of mourning on beehives, prevails
or they
in
Cornwall,
Devonshire,
Isle
of Ely,
Gloucestershire,
still
Benefit societies
place out
of the
death of a
brother.^
In Leviticus xi., 23, Bees are described by the Mosaic Law as "unclean."
''
390
The
celestial
or aetherial
by the insect which first appears from the egg in the shape of a grub crawling upon the earth, and feeding upon the leaves of plants. In this state it was apt'y made an emblem of man
symbolical
writing
in his earthly form,
was butterfly, an
soul
representeil
in
when the
the
aetherial vigour
and
activity
is
of
the
celestial
soul,
dlvinw
^ja?'^ic?^^a
mentis
In
its
by
its
stillness,
torpor,
and
insensibility, a natural
image
mounting into the air, afforded a no image of the celestial soul bursting from the restraints of matter and mixing again with its native BBther."' "The soul was supposed to be part of the rethereal substance of the Deity, detached from the rest, and doomed for some unknown cause to remain during certain periods
torpid chrysalis and
less natural
imprisoned in matter;
all
its
derived from the material organs, were, of course, impulses * * According to the ancient system of the Deity.
there were ttvo souls, one the principle of thought and perception, the other the
mere power of animal motion and sensation, both of which were allowed to remain entirely
"
"'
Tirisia
mean
in
Welsh
''
lowest earth."
tD
400
The Divinity
the
rest."
was supposed
to
be
"a
part
This idea
is,
respecting the
Logos
Word, which,
it
is
said,
TUE
" The
I'LY.
its first
common
fly
being, in
stage of existence, a
and dissipating all putrescent The bodies, was adopted as an emblem of the Diety."^ Jupiter Fly is the Beelzebub of the Hebrews.
THE BOAR.
"In
of the
ancient
Scandinavians,
Frey, the Deity of the Sun, was fabled to have been killed
to
him
at
It was,
it
honour and
the
ancient
Did
flesh
Jews
abstain
originally
from
swine's
through fear of offending that "adverse power"? The "Juul" of the Scandinavians seems to be identical with
the
1
Welsh Gicyl
Payne
(Festival).
-
401
CHAPTER XXIX.
SPIRITUAL AND NATURAL LIVES.
HIS seems
to be the proper place to describe tbe notion of the Dmicls respecting the incorporeal priestly life, as symbolising the spiritual or
inteJlectual
human
or animal
Avere
life,
beHeved to be endowed.
human and animal beiuf's This most ancient philohuman and animal
In the
aiiiuial,
was
man became
is
a living soul."
first
In the
New
Testament
it is
stated,
which
is
spiritual,
which
priest
is spiritual.'"
In his
is
official
say,
Divine,
Spiritual,
Soul
life,
called
life.
It
constituted
every
individuality.
In
its birth,
lives w-ere
whom
is
and
with
poetically
taught,
or
that
the
life,
sun
also
is
endowed
z
physical
corporeal
as well
as
with the
Divine
402
spiritual life
wise as
\I/.
Divinity.
The human,
was represented as operating on Nature, triunally See what we state elsewhere about the sword of \|/. The body and two Arthur, and the Phallus of Orisis. wings of the sacred white dove, and the body and two wings of the sacred wren of the Druids, and the body and two wings of the cock, and the Shechiuah (Seminal Logos) and two winged cherubs, or bulls, of the Holy of Holies, the same triune agent of the Creator's living principle transmitted to the earth on March 21st, June 21st, and But it appears that the December 20th, respectively. middle stroke, on March 21-25, applied exclusively to the On March 21-25 vegetable life and human natural life.
the fulness of the sun's
virile
power was,
the
it
was thought,
as the
efifect
human babe
conceived in the
It is the
womb, but
as
the
when
It
life,
when
Wisdom.
the earth receives a similar impulse from the sun, hence the
sun
In
is called
force is called
Maid
Mor'wyn.
Druidism she
same sense
renewed one.
403
Now,
bocl}^"
Divine Nature
came
into existence, as a
'
spiritual
and
sun
itself, in
Gwenydva,
where is located the Great Mother Ced, or Ceridwen, or Medusa, otherwise Minerva, Consort of the Almighty, on each Dec. 2'2nd. Regarded as the passive principle in the
spiritual nature of the Creator, her co-operation, the
Druids
The The
months from
March
to
September
in the
womb,
March 21-25,
it.
to
September 23rd.
is
They
September 22nd
nine months
The
womb
it
of Elizabeth at
moment
of
the Virgin
Mary
of the complete
Word
was born, as a carnal substratum, to operate therefrom upon the womb of the Royal Virgin of the House of David. This explains the additional curious legend about John the Baptist being Old Elijah, or the Old Sun, with the Logos in it, as explained elsewhere
the Baptist, before he
(see p. 133).
John
The human
months
Elizabeth,
child,
Mary
stayed with
when
the
human
and the
spiritual lives
two
The
Luke
i.,
56 and
7?.
404
in the
human
body.
act, is called
it
We
found
necessary to
it.
The cherubim,"
states
ix., 5),
" are
so also is
mas-
sun in spring, and male consort of the Ark of the Covenant. " Brethren, I would not that St. Paul has the following
:
ye should be ignorant
the cloud,
all all
how
and
all
passed
through the
sea;
and were
;
baptised unto
did eat
Moses in the cloud and in the sea and the same spiritual food and did all drink the
;
same
spiritual
drink
for they
drank of that
is
spiritual rock
i Cor.,
and
!
4.
Observe Moses
Shechinah
But Moses, as the leader, was the first to pass through the Red Sea and under the cloud, and the others followed. Therefore, Moses himself was baptised, like the rest, "in
the
'
cloud
'
and
in the
'
regeneration by water
sea.' "
"cloud"
Ced.
(the
And
the
Ked
ignored
Moreover, the
bolise the wine.
Manna
of the
is
mado Bock of
to
s3"mbolise
is
the bread,
to
Iloreb
made
sym-
Here wc have
How
singularly
is
new
birth of
from the
405
Cecl out of the
Bacchus
sea
Mouses
signifies
and
the
commence a new
the Creator
life
reflect pas-
life is
an expression
of the Divine
Mind
lineaments
of the
Almighty."
The
Gwyion
became united w^ith the material life by Cxwyion Bach taking into his body the three Divine sprays that leaped out of the cauldron, which illustrates Gwenydva.
'j'he spiritual
life
The
natural
life,
animating
physical
bodies,
was
living
Mundane Egg,
emanations or ^Eons.
is
Ceridwen,
as
the
is
material source,
(\|/).
and one, who, entering the egg or matter as Gwyion Bach with the three drops in him, comes Here, by out of it under the dignified title of Taliesiu. in his representative Taliesin, is meant the Archdruid
yields the eggy
The hen
and
also both
mind and
the
matter
natural
and
spiritual lives,
and
\|/.
tliat
sun
is
Man's natural
life is
That is wdiat is meant by the emanations are impressed. expression that the Elohim, or Divine emanations, under
the
title of Gods, made man after his (their) own image. Our Druidic Ancestors illustrated the natural and spiritual
lives of
man by
symbolising natural
406
as
man grew
he became.
They regarded
man
weakened its hold the spiritual life in him became more and more dominant. White is the Welsh for Sanctus.
" ELI, ELI,
It
is
LAMA ASABATANi
that
"
A.V. Sabactkam).
Eli,
well
known
by the words,
first
Eh,
Lama
The
is
Precentor.
Upon
:
the
Hind
of the
Hind
is
following
is a Hind let loose." Therefore, it Hind" is used also in a masculine sense. These facts prove Hind is used for the genus of the deer, which Besides, in Hebrew, a stag is called Ail, includes goats. * guided me with In Psalm xviii., 33, is said, "God * strength, and made my way perfect, making my feet like Hinds' feet, and who setmeupon my high places." (Delitzsch's The allusion is to the security of foot of the translation.) A city in goats among beetling crags, or "high places."
" Naphtali
plain "
was
we know Pan
is
represented as hav-
ing the lower half like the he-goat, and the upper half like
Thus it is conclusively proved the Hebrewan old man. Psalm xxii. word translated Hind signifies a he-goat. and the words therefore, the song of the he-goat is, of it are put into the mouth of that symbolical character by It will be recollected that Pan and the Hebrew bard. It will Elijah are both symbols of Saturn, the old sun. be recollected we state elsewhere the old sun was annually crucified at noon in the heavens on the Tropic of CapriIn the Authorised Version the cornus, or the He-Goat, "For dogs" (the threesixteenth verse is as follows: headed dog Cerberus of Hell,) "have compassed me, the
;
407
assembly of the wicked have inclosed me, they pierced my hands and my feet." In the reign of Tiberius Caesar,
states
Plutarch, a
voice
in
{Eomans
vi., 6).
The Psalmist
represents
suffering
Pan,
or
" Hind,"
as calling plaintively
poem
that,
have been observed throughout ancient mythology, the diurnal sun and
is
wonderful
and
to
Eli.
each solar year, are described as two old men, namely, Saturn and Silenus (Apollo and Bacchus respectively aged), Saidwrn and Seithynun Veddw (Hu Gadarn and
Taliesin respectively aged),
Adam
Elijah and
different
is
As we
of Silenus,
man. In the sense that the old sun young sun, that is to say, Saturn is
is
the father
be
that
his
"
foster "-father
said to
of Bacchus.
But
and,
in the sense
is
the
cause,
therefore,
the
at
left
Ion
Taliesin),
and personified by the Druids as Bacchus (Gwy Saturn is tlie father of Pan, otherwise
Pan
Psalm, "EH,
Eli,
Lama
Elijah,
why
of the
the meaning
skull of
Adam
(old
on Mount Calvary.^
'
St.
Matthew
xxvii., 46-7
St.
Mark
xv., :i4-5.
408
is a connection between the announcement made by the Angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary to the effect that Elizabeth was pregnant and gone six months with child, and her own forthcoming pregnancy. During the Angel's interview with the Virgin Mary at
Nazareth he simply
ing words
the
:
Spirit shall
come upon
thee,
and
Power
Son
is
which shall be born of thee shall be God." The event itself is simply pro-
mised.
The
figure
employed
Most theologians are oblivious to the fact that by' the Seminal Logos is meant the middle attribute transmitted in spring through the sun (March 21-25), and that the complete Word, in three elements, is implied by the body and wings of the symbolical wren, white dove, and the cock with Therefore, the expression overshadow a Priapian beak. deliberately intended to convey the meaning that thee was the Seminal Logos, Himself, would descend and fertilise the ovum in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and become, Himself, thereby incarnate. See p. 161.
Now, be
it
carefully
observed,
Elijah,
or Elias,
was
known by
and he
and
down
we
find
old Zacharias^
The
first
act is generating
the physical body of John in the womb of Elizabeth, whose name translated is '' House of the Helper of the
^
Tlie
name
signifies
409
When John
is
months
old he
to
Eecollect
the
similar
circumstances
to
those
in
the
who
is
Messiah.
(Aries),
Isaac also
represented by the
Ram
or
Lamb
Gen.
xxii., 13,
is
is
human trinity, namely, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Here ''Ram" is placed instead of "Man," but in Joshua v., 1314, "Man " is placed instead of " Ram." It will
Jewish
be recollected, also, what we state elsewhere about the
Man " and the High Priest. In the case Man " is placed in the station occupied, Ram-Lamb (Jupiter).
" "
himself as the Divine
of Jesus the
elsewhere, by
Word
in
in these
words
'
:
'
Even
the
Ouranos "Arawn or Aaron, the named, the Old Sun, and the last named, the High first Priest on the Day of Atonement (end of the civil year), representing the Old Sun with the Son of Jupiter (Word) The within it, the Huan (Abode of Hu) of the Druids.
Son
of
Man which
is
following
Kai
is
ouSets avajie^-qKev
rdv oi'pavbv,
el fii]
6 (k
" And no V. Heaven (Ouranon), but he that man hath ascended up to came down from Heaven (Ouranou), even the Son of Man which is in Heaven (Ourano). John hi., 13.
The
410
Let the reader at this point, refer carefully to pp. 236-7, and observe what Dean Alford states about the meaning of also in page 422 wbat Archbishop the name Ouranos Potter states, as to the identity of Ouranos with Coelus. But they are not identical, Ouranos is the Old Sun in the December, and Coelus is the Druidic Most High Celi
;
!
Hebrew
that, genealogi-
Abraham is reproduced in Isaac and Jacob, and Abraham, as old Saturn, to whom a Typhonic character is <];iveu, appears as an old man circumcised Gen. xvii., 24. It seems, too, that by " the eighth day" is meant the Day of the Sun, that is to say, the morrow after the day of the week sacred to Saturn. Annually that would be on Dec. 22ndthe Old Sun's "Day of Rest" would be on the 21st On the 22nd the Young Sun of {see pp. 121 and 360). the solar new year would appear, and the Circumcision, on that day, implied the Jews clung to the worship of the Old one, impotent though he was, and sanguinary since Pluto came to be identified with him.
was called Tammuz, and the day dedicated now to " St. Thomas'' (Dec. 21st,) was given that Saint's name as a substitute for Tammuz, But we find, in Ez. viii., 14, that some of the Hebrews " wept for Tammuz " when the sun sets on the
old sun, at the winter solstice,
in the East,
The
when he
on the shortest
day (Dec.
21st).
now
Egyptian
of the
Typhou,
Observe, also,
what Mauetho
Hebrew
worship.
411
Now
Divine
is
" are
arranged according
Word
or
Name.
on the longest day instead of where he is on the sho/'/^.s/ day, the usual order is reversed, and Typhon is made to occupy the first position that of Osiris and Osiris the
:
Typhon and Horus, the middle position, between the two. Abraham, then, is here placed first and still is identical with Typhon (the Oriental Saturn, or Tammuz, of Phoenicia) Isaac is identical with Horus
last
position
that of
and Jacob with Osiris the sun on June 21, March 21 and Dec. 21, respectively; or, in other words, the sun on the Tropic of Cancer, on the Equator,
(Jupiter
lu-Father)
Day
the
last of the
week
right enough.
The learned reader will recollect the Egyptian stoiy about Typhon killing his brother Osiris (see pp. 191-2-3). Now Horus is the name of Osiris on March 21, when the sun is in the first point of Aries or Eam. Abraham, in the
character of Typhon, offers to
kill
Isaac (Horus
!
Os'ris),
it
but
is
given a
doubt as to
kill in
his stead
Can
?
there be a
sacrifice
?
was made
That
was of
their
a Typhonic character
No wonder
viii.,
was
37-44).
Sarri, another Sarah is Sarrat the Assyrian for Queen. form of the name, is Sar-Ri, or Queen is Hi. Sarapli is
Sar (Queen) and Oph (Ophis) a Serpent Queen Serpent. This means Ced as Divine Wisdom, as at Ab-Hi or Avebury,
Wilts, and six miles from Calne.
end of
412
the year.
That signification, too, is alluded to in the Gospel of St. Matthew, xix., 12, where it is stated by the Lord Jesns that " some make themselves eunuchs for the Kingdom of Heaven's sake " Observe, it is not done for
" Bfsi/riaii fan Ourauo)),'' that
is
to say,
of
Ouranos Arawn or Saturn. See " Onranos," see pp. 230 and 237.
Wc
first
Gospel.
Galilee,
tells
" a
city of
named
six
child.
We
woman
another was
enciente.
self is
Be it observed that what would happen to hermentioned by the angel before he informs her (Virgin Mary) as to the condition of Elizabeth, and in a mysterious manner the two events are associated with each other. The
Virgin
Mary "
And
when Elizabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was like Ced receiving into her filled with the Holy Spirit," body the Awen, or the Melodious Vociferation of the
came
to pass, that,
it
"And
voice,
she"
and
is
(Elizabeth)
out
with
loud
said,
Blessed
art
thou
blessed
of the
'
womb." The leaping teas that Divine IVord, about to "overshadow" the V^gin.^
the fruit of thy
beam
of the sprijig sun.
ll-lb,
J)ean Alford
tnmslatos
S.'niinal
" light."
when
the sun
is
\\w
and Isaiaii ix., 2. In the first chapter of the Epistle to theColossians, St. Paul, from the 15th verse onwards, founding his argument on the docti-ine that the Lord Jesus came into existence, as a Man, by tlie action of the Seminal Logos the only man
7H
xi., 1,
413
note,
when
tliat
act
fulfilled to
what took place at the haptism of ?-6'generaby John, seems to imply the Seminal Word impregnated the Virgin by the instrumentality of an c;nanation from his own essence; but at the baptism the " bird,"
the symbolical white dove (V), in
all his spiritual effulgence,
Elijah
in both generations
the
"EHas,''
Dr. Inman, "means Sun and Elijah signifies El is " Saturn's Day was made sacred to the God of the Jews, and the planet is called Cochab Shabbath (the Sabbath Star) and Shabbetha (Jah is Saturn)."1
We must
ticulars
to
and
rites of the
We
who came
Son,"
is
into existence in that svay, and, tlicrofore, "the only begottru himself an extraction of the Seminal JiOi>;os, and is, therefore, the
Father incarnate.
by him were
all
things created that are in heaven and that are in i-arth, and lie is befor.- all things, and by liim all things consist." The Logos, or Word, is an emanation of the Creatoi', and personified as the triune Elohini or Adonai, also symbolised
person of the triune Kluliini, and not the Creator, Himself; in other words, Alawn, of tiie Oruidic system, and Hermes, of other systems, symI)olised by the middle stroke of \|/, but, incariiat.', thus /|\. Alawn is identical with Tegid, the All I'eautiful of the Druids,
liord
the
.<!eco<:?
and
is
also with their Taliesin or Lofty Hesus, or Hesous, or Jesus! one of the Titles of the Archdruid, and he says of himself
Taliesin
'
I
I
Ed.
is
i'vi<li'ntly
as
llif
i..
p.
oL
''
I^'i'f,
vol. ir.,
]>.
3U4.
414
name
for
Womb.
That
Womb
was
As if ascending by an opening in the rocks, called Cave. That tripod was a from that cave was a tripod (/l\).
of the Divine Word ascending as an echo (Adlais Atlas) of \\/, as explained elsewhere in this work, through the " Cave," tohich implied the Vulva of Ccd who, like '' aged parent" {See ^^^q 91). Elizabeth, is styled acjed echo of \(/, where a circular seat On the apex of /l\, as the was constructed, sat a naked virgin* who received into her matrix the Divine Word, which, by the instrumentality of
sijmhol
made
itself
about
the
now
name Hyperboreans beyond the North Winds), the Greeks meant (Dwellers And Pausanias x., 5, states the Britons, who were Druids. Delphian Oracle was founded by the Hyperboreans, the especially Glen (Alawn) one of the Druidic titles of the sun
established beyond question that by the
in spring, and, therefore, of the priest of the sun.
also quotes one of the h3'mns of Bcea, a
Pausanias
to
Delphian lady,
that effect.
it is
have been enriched with such vast presents from almost all kings and nations, had not the truth of its predictions been
sufficiently attested
In reference
of the
to the foregoing,
to
be the
Lord Jesus
as the Divine
"Word made
flesh,"
we
beg
At the
is
still
older Oracle of
Dodona
in
it
stated,
in Bell's
'
* lu laurel.
Bell's Pmitheon.
415
loas
women
(Strabo),
who were
called
from a boat on
a boat,
viz.,
tlie
water,
same thing as ^^, child in page QiQ, also rising from Logos \|/ echoing back from Ced the'earth was supposed to float.
Word
or
on the
sea,
upon which
Ced
is,
in both figures,
Word
of the
is
is
also called
T-udain, Father
Awen
or
Holy A.
or Logos, is
or Speech, otherwise
Celi, himself,
Word
is
an abstraction of the
and
new body, and called Haul or Hu {Kee) Ail, or Second Hu. A is represented also as a white dove, WTen, &c., coming out of the Ark! In pp. 259-G0-61, the descent of the Mind of the
clothed by Ced, his mother, with a radiant
made
to
appear to have
Owing
is
Lord Jesus
solarly,
Womb,
on Nisan 14
March
25, o
s.
(Lady Day).
We
same eastern
This
is
why
Paul saw
in the
i.
Abbot Dunawd,
in
410
of
Wales
Lord Jesus, and kiss the earth in body The sacred Dee flows from the Lake of Tegid, called Bala Lake. Tegid is a title of the sun in spring, or time of the Passover, and, no doubt, the lake had been, during untold ages, associated with the worship of the emanations of Celi passing through the sun, poetically personified as Tegid, and, as we have seen, reof the blood of the of his
memory
Abbot Dunawd had learned to regard Tegid as typical of Jesus and of Moses, and that he founded his direction to the arm}^ of Wales upon what
year.
It
appears as
if
St.
longitude
in
it
geography.
Instinct
is
called
Greddv
of
in
Welsh
1"he V termination to
Van
(Place or
is the same as Gradd (Degree). Greddv seems to be an abbreviation Station). In Druidism the lines of the
;
considered as a garden,
whose husbandman
is
the sun
under as many
titles as
The
Druidic system of transmigration of lives, starting from Hades, down south, and ascending to the equator of lives was the the position occupied by man as a free agent spiritual garden where lives grow by the fostering intluencc of
Word inhabiting
the sun.
'*
Then
lives," at
made
perfect,
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
417
Abed
or
spiritual
longitude
to
be
which
sin
had produced on
their souls
human
beings,
life
and
to be
for
another
The dual
anima
is
when
the sun
is
above the
reason
why Venus
16.
called in
See
p.
For
as
Thus we have
lore of the
orally,
by the bards
At Caerlleon-on-Usk, Arthur and his Knights of So we the Round Table disappeared in the mist of ages.
Siluria.
have been the instrument to dispel the clouds, and to reveal beyond the gloom of time, the entire Druidic system
of religion, which, at
in the history
of
the
earth,
its
during
mankind
life,
to adore
men
to
only
way
to reach
it is
by the exercise of
virtue.
ZZ
418
THE LIGHT OF
Br.lTANNIA.
APPEISTDIX.
THE SACRED TEEES AND PLANTS OF THE DRUIDS.
HE
Oak.
The
female oak
is is
called
D^rwen
in in
called
Darwen
The
"
Holy Der
Der
;
is
an abbreviated
sacred to the
Earth
Dar seems
and
to be identical with
of the Deity.
Reading
is
called
Og
compound
used in the
oaks.
also called
which
Blessed
This
eminently
names in Welsh, viz., Echel-lawr (high stationed), Uchel-wydd (high shrub), and Pren-awyr (the tree of the air). As is well known, this shrub was eminently sacred among our Druidic ancestors. The ancient custom of the sexes kissing under
sacred shrub of the Druidic religion bears several
it at the festive season of Christmas proves two things, namely, that the shrub was associated in the olden time
solstice,
Now in
and with the relation of the two spring, summer, and autumn,
419
titles
;
and
At
the winter
longer to
title of Dyrwas re^^arded as old and withered. But the mistletoe in the midst of the general deciiy and death of vegetation, manifests vigorous life, and that, too, between the aged earth and the aged sun It attains blooming perfection at the winter
.
For these reasons, the mistletoe was sacred to Celi(Coelus),and Ced (Cetus), the Divine Father and Divine
solstice.
The kissing under the Mother of the sun and the earth. mistletoe at the winter solstice was performed as a loving symbolical act, perpetuating commemoratively the affectionate relationship eternally existing between Celi and Ced,
the universal parents.
The Holly.
all
This
:
tree is
branches and
called Celyn
energy) Con-
cealed Energy.
The
allusion
is
energy,
viz., Celi,
and Ced, though concealed in Britain at The English word Holly signifies Holy.
ivy is called lorvvg, which
The
Ivy.
In Welsh
The
ivy,
name
seems prone to clothe things into decay and ruin, and to support things
too,
''
" The women (of the on their foundation. " crowned with Ivy, celebrated his (Bacchus) British Isles), nocturnal rites upon the shore of the Northern Ocean." KUsos or Ivy is a Dionysius the Geographer i., p. 170. z z 2
420
Greek
Ivy
is
of Bacchus.
of Goats for
well known.
Doubtless, this
the reason
among
the Druids.
It is similar
why acorn
them.
is
called
Ceninen
in
Welsh.
It is a
Its roots
sym-
bohse the sun's rays, and should be always worn with the
We
name
is
compound
of Ceti, as in
and pni (Energ}^), with the "i" at the end omitted, and "yn," alone, standing for a plural sign. Cenjnan is the
name
sign.
Some may
;
thing
suppose Cen signifies the skin of anybut the terminations " yn " (plural) and "an"
Birch
This
Ark
is
called
it
Bedwen
or
Holy Bed
in
Welsh.
According to tradition
Druids lustrated their disciples with dew held in a boatshaped vessel, hence bed, here meaning boat, symbol of
Ced
still
as the
of the
Ship).
It is with a
bough
Welsh mothers
Using the sacred bough is an act of love. The maypole was always one of these trees and the birch was invaiiably used in the construction of the gallows.
chastise
their
children.
At
the
Summer
Solstice
At At
the
Ears of Wheat.
Mistletoe.
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
421
THE
THE
NAME
"
OF
DUW
THE
CELI."
ANTIQUITY
PEITHYNEN.
The following, by the author, appeared in the Western Mail, on February 20th, 1893 :
In the deeply interesting leading article on Thursday on the Rev. Canon D. Silvan Evans' Dictionary of the Welsh
language there are some points which, in the interest of
pure history, should be noticed without a moment's delay.
The Welsh
High,
first
of those points
is
a corruption of
Welsh
Duw Dad
is
Teu
Tates (Teutates)
of the Latins!
Now, Dr.
of Greece,
vol,
i.,
p.
518
"Writers
Latins call
whom the
to the
Iving
all
of
the
name
from
Ouranos, and, by the Latins, Caelum, because he invented astronomy, which was unknown till his time" (Diodorus
Siculus, Lib.
is
iii.,
There
no doubt Uranus, Ouranos, and Aaron are, likewise, each the British Arawn, a title of the Sun, compared at the end of the solar year to an old man. Arawn signifies the same thing as Aros (to wait, as an old man), hence the proverb,
(it is
He
But Ced
Der Eetos
422
consort.
emanations personified, hence Diodorus Siculus (b.c. 44,) could truly state that Ccelus, " King of the Atlantic Islands," was " the father of all the gods."
The Druids compared the Sun's annual " life " to the life " of man on earth. The Sun was a bahe at the winter solstice, and in old Welsh poems he was called " Crowned
"
At the vernal equinox he was Tegid, and called Hesus) at the autumnal equinox he was Tegid Voel or Bald Tegid, with hut few hairs (rays)
Babe."
also Taliesin (or Lofty
;
left.
From
known
and
by the names Dyfnwawl Moelmud (sombre dumb), Saidwrn, Pan, and, finally, Arawn.
solstice,
light, bald,
Many
nations,
Morwyn
(the Virgin)
with Ced. The Old Sun was said to be the father of every next year's " Crowned Babe," who is represented as a
trinity,
dove of the Phoenicians. Many other nations greeted the " Crowned Babe," or New Sun, with the cry, "Hail to the
Dove
the giver of
is
;
light
"
Coelus,
"King
of the Atlantic
is
Islands,"
the Celi
to say, the
Creator
Latin Coelum and the Greek Ouranos are derived from the name of the " King
before the Christian era, declares the
of the Atlantic Islands."
Isles.
Greek
Atlas, after
is
whom
name "Atlantic,"
whom
423
identical, too,
Mars
with
He
is
Amen-Ra
of the
Egyptians.
The meaning
!
of the
names
Hidden One
The second
is
point in the
of the Bards,"
Roman
alphabet."
with patience
alphabet, as distinguished
one of the Druidic bards, is called " Coelbren of the Monks." If there were not two systems of letters in existence in the British Isles, why two separate names for
from, the older
Caesar
(b.c.
99-4i)
states
the
inhabitants
of
France (Gaul) were the pupils of the inhabitants of Britain, and we are told by implication by Caesar that the Gauls for he states {Lib v., cap. 48) that he were literary men had to write a letter to Cicero in the Greek language, lest, being intercepteil, his (Caesar's) designs might be known to But that the Gauls could read both Greek the enemy.
;
is
made
clear
Greek language. The inference derived from the writing to Cicero in Creek instead of the Latin tongue is, that the last-named was better known than Greek by the
pupils of the Britons.
as
" The bending willows into barks they twine, Then line the work with skins of slaughtered kine, Such are the floats Venetian ftshers know Where in dull marshes stands the settling Po.
On
such to neighbouring Gaul, allured by gain, The Nobler Britons cross the swelling main. Like these, when fruitful Egypt lies afloat,
The Memphiau
324
Can
Further, can
it
be supposed by any
man
who
had a
tion
had no alphabet of
following
is
:
their
own
The
"
first
that
made a
letter to
be a sign of the
vocalisation that
of
namely
/|\,
the
name
God.
for other
and speech, and subjected the rays to other combinations, from which were made the signs I and R and S, whence
they were sixteen signs or letters. After that, wise
men
were appointed to commit them to memory and knowledge, according to the art which he made ; and those men were called " Gwyddoniad."
The
last
name
is
signifies, literally,
Woodmen,
but to this
day scholarship
language.
called
" Gwyddoniaeth
is,
" in the
Welsh
The
inference
" Peith-
mode
of carving literature
on bars of wood, the Welshman says " cutting " my name I am told some of the records of instead of " writing " it. the British Exchequer are kept by notching bars of hard
wood
ing to
In Welsh the verb signifycalled Tally or Tallies. "pay " is called talu (pronounced tally).
first letter
was a symbol of
the
name
of
God, I find
iv., p.
this
confirmed in
Hebrew
writings, quoted
Antiquities, Vol.
is
425
the
name
Jehovah," and
is
it
the sign
/1\
rendered thus
represented by the letter Shin, which " The three branches \|/.
emblem
of the
Heavenly Father, Jehovah, our Lord Jehovah." Lifting the three fingers by the fol. 54, col. 2).
giving the Benediction signifies the sacred
also stated the
{Zohcir,
priest in
It is
Name.
Name
is
Before the Rev. Canon D. Silvan Evans, B. D., can prove that the " Coelbren y Beirdd " (the Druidic alpha-
Roman alphabet," he must prove likewise that the Hebrew alphabet also is derived from the same source, and destroy the accepted
bet)
Hebrew
alpha-
bet
is
as old as the
;
that, as in the
alphabet.
Then we have
1450,
carving
:
of allusions
p.
694
Extensive
is
the
The
426
THE LIGHT OF BRITANNIA.
/^
lu reference to the above most sacred sign of the British
is
p.
Number
Three,
or in
allusion
to
'
the
(the
THREE CELESTIAL
two Tropics) ''the Sun
(the Equator)
CIRCLES, two
of which
" in
And
that Scholiast
upon Aristophanes
of God." The Tripod, as the white dove, wren, " Crowned Babe," each signifjnng the same thing, rising from the sea each December 22nd, from Ced, the Divine Mother of the Word, is thus fabled by the Greeks
ledge
was
the result.
The Oracle
" Give
right (to
it)
Above
It
others."
ibid, p. 324.
has been clearly estabhshed the Britons were called Hyperboreans, and, in the story of Abaris, also Scythians,
by Ancient Greeks.
Archbishop Potter,
p.
(Alawn
instituted
this "
hymns, "with the Hyperboreans, ?) " Oracle, and returned (Delphi) of which he was the first inventor."
lady, in one of her (a.d. 200) to be thus
:
Her words we
find in Pausanias
427
Where
No
fire.
Could
th'
lyre,
And chang'd
Archbishop Potter also further states " The Pjtha " being placed on the Tripod, received the (Priestess)
:
"
her other
behaviour
appearing
like
one frantic
and
distracted.'
"that under the Tripod" (whera was the cave symbol of the Vulva of Ced) " sometimes a serpent
appeared that returned answers, and that the Pytha was
once killed by
it.
And
the
its
"
When
Hyperboreans
" The
p. o31.
DAWEN,
This
is
COWBRIDGE.
river
the
name
of the
name
of Pont-y-V6n,
It
i.e.,
p. 51).
appears the
428
Amne
side of the
district
still
Dawen, and Bovium (Oxen or Cows,) to the on the west side of it, where the old town stood, and
;
stands
the
name
of an ancient
and that the name applied as far as Bovirton, mansion four miles beyond the town
of Cowbridge.
Ddweti is a compound of two words, Da and Wen. The Dd is the Welsh legal name for goods or chattels. It is applied to horned cattle generally, but with more
definiteness to
cows
in
particular.
" Cerdda
vovyn y
Dd"
would be understood by a Glamorgan peasant to imply exclusively " Go and fetch the Coivs"
'
Wen,
is
an abbre-
viated form of
for the
Gwen, the g being dropped in the compound sake of euphony. Gwen, in Dawen, signifies Holy
(feminine),
Gwyn
to
Therefore,
Dawen
signifies
As applied
Wen
is
in
the Da, in
the sacred
But Da is plural for cows. has no form singular, but the singular number. Therefore, we conclude Dawen was used in the singular number for
Holy Da.
cattle,
horned
Da
White Cow
to
The bridge leading into the old town, over the Dawen river, is named after the Von, mutated from Mon, which is another Welsh word signifying Cow. At present Buhiuch, or Sow of Bu (Bee) i.e. Bull, is the name for Cow.
period (4,619 B.C.
2,505
B.C.)
No
river,
doubt,
in
bank of the
it.
name from
429
Barry
It
Island,
Glamorgan.
like the Island of Delos,
was, in Druidic times, sacred, and that, after the introduction of Christianity into
lieu of the
its
adoption in
former religion,
Leland,
pilgrims.
who
:
visited
a.d.,
"
lies
Barry
The passage into it at full sea is a flight of a Isle. bow shot across as much as the Thames above the bridge. At low water there is a broken causeway to go over, or
;
else
The island is about a mile in circumference, and sauds. * * has very good corn, grass, and some wood. There is no dwelling on the island, but there is in the
middle of
''
it
a fair
little
much
and
p. 27,
" On
which
i.,
a small
cleft (cave), to
ear,
you
will
hear a
Sometimes the blast of the bellows, noise as of a forge. sometimes the stroke of the hammer, sometimes the loud gratings of the grindstone and the iron, the hissing of the
I could easily suppose and the roaring of the fire. occasioned by the sea, which enters these sounds to be these cavities unseen, were it not that the same noises are heard when the sea is out and the shore left bare, as well Camden in his Brltanma, vol. ii.^ as when it is in."
steel,
p.
ment
*
494, has the following in reference to Giraldus' state" Clemens Alexandrinus {Stromata, vii. Book),
:
Camden
gives this
name
as " Baruch."
Doubtless this
is
a corruption
of
"
430
states,
'
the top
and
when
recesses, the
is
heard.
noise.'
For
It is needless to
island, as
supposed to be a
to
writers
The
superstitious
exaggerations of
visit
He
Erratum.
p.
Bos,
Ox
or Cow."
1>ANIEL
OWEX AM)
CO.,
LIMITED, CARDIFF.
"
PEITHYXAN."'
which
revolves,
is
four-sided
1)ar.
and has a
on each
Parliament made it a criminal offence to keep AVelsli cliildren at learning, or to apprentice them to any trade or calling in any town or borough of the realm. .S'p<? "Ordinances of AVales," January, 1401. Tlie VVelsli People then fell back on the ancient Druidic mode of impflrting education on Dars
of
Wood.