lado jafariZe

mogonebebi
Canawerebi

Tbilisi
2004
 pedagogis, mTargmnelis, mxatvrisa da sazogado moRvawis –
lado (vladimer) malaqias-Ze jafariZis (1887-1981) winamdebare wi-
gnSi warmodgenilia araerTi didmniSvnelovani mogoneba da Cana-
weri XIX da XX saukuneebis gamoCenil qarTvel da ucxoel
mweralTa, xelovnebisa da sazogado moRvaweTa Sesaxeb.

krebuli Seadgines daviT maWavarianma da SoTa xodaSnelma

redaqtorebi prof. solomon xuciSvili

filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori boris darCia

gamomcemlobis redaqtorebi rusudan maxaTaZe da rusudan

yubaneiSvili

koreqtori nino svaniZe

kompiuterze teqstis amkrefi daviT maWavariani

damkabadonebeli zurab jafariZe

skanireba ramaz jafariZisa

 Semdgenlisagan
lado jafariZe gaxldaT Cemi babua (dedis mama). man SoTa
xodaSnelTan erTad gamosacemad moamzada am wignis erTi nawili
_ "memedbegis ambamde" (redaqtori prof. solomon xuciSvili).
gardacvalebis Semdeg misi arqivis Seswavlis Sedegad gamovlin-
da sxva masalebic.
krebuli waikiTxa da redaqtireba gaukeTa mecnier-filolo-
gma boris darCiam.
madlobas vuxdi mwerals, baton rezi TvaraZes saintereso
SeniSvnebisaTvis da baton ramaz kobalaZes sagulisxmo daxmare-
bisaTvis.
daviT maWavariani

lado jafariZe
vladimer jafariZe – pedagogi da sazogado moRvawe – daiba-
da cnobili pedagogisa da Tavisi xalxis WeSmariti moamagis –
malaqia jafariZis ojaxSi 1887 wlis 27 maiss, mTiani raWis sof-
el RarSi. malaqias mis garda kidev 5 vaJi hyavda. yvelaze umcro-
si iyo saqveynod cnobili mxatvari uCa jafariZe.
vladimeri amqveynad Tavis tyupiscal ZmasTan – grigolTan –
erTad moevlina. tyupebi gansacvifreblad ara marto garegnulad
hgavdnen erTimeores, aramed xasiaTiTac.
raWa-leCxumSi mogzaurobis dros akakisac unaxavs es ymawvi-
lebi da maTiT moxibluls uTqvams: „ra uWirs im ers, romelsac
aseTi axalgazrdoba ezrdebao.“
sazogadoebriv saqmianobas Zmebma adre mohkides xeli. isini
jer kidev mowafeobis dros dgamdnen patar-patara vodevilebs
mezoblebisTvis, 1906 wels ki onSic moawyves warmodgena, Semdeg
quTaisis gazeT „kolxidas“ redaqtoris mixeil jafariZis reJi-
sorobiT dadges akakis „patara kaxi“.
moskovis universitetis studentobis wlebi kidev ufro nay-
ofieri gamodga Zmebis erovnuli moRvaweobisaTvis. lado da gri-
Sa aqtiurad ebmebian studentur cxovrebaSi, kerZod, qarTuli
saTvistomos – e.w. „zemliaCestvos“ – saqmianobaSi. cdiloben
SeZlebisdagvarad qarTuli kultura da literatura gaacnon
ruseTis farTo wreebs.
ilia WavWavaZis tragikuli sikvdilis Semdeg Zmebma xeli
mohkides ilias ukvdavi prozauli nawarmoebebis rusulad Tar-
gmnas. mas male mohyva al.yazbegis e.w. mcire moTxrobebi (,,*liso”
i drugie rasskazj), akakis „baSi-aCuki“ da sxva. Targmanebi gamom-
cemloba „polzaSi“ gamoica.
Zmebs didi ltolva hqondaT saxviTi xelovnebisadmi. 1922 we-
ls, rodesac saqarTvelos samxatvro akademia gaixsna, lado ja-
fariZem swavla grafikis fakultetze daiwyo. masTan erTad swav-
lobdnen: vaxtang kotetiSvili (misi qaliSvilis naTlia), niko-
loz kandelaki, elene axvlediani, irakli ToiZe da sxva cnobi-
li mxatvrebi. ladom, marTalia, garemoebaTa gamo akademia mia-

3
tova, magram mxatvris funji da fanqari arasodes gadaudvia gve-
rdze.
studentobis dros ladom da griSam Seqmnes im dros mosko-
vSi mcxovrebi Cveni saxelovani kompozitoris dimitri arayiSvi-
lis portreti. yvelaze metad ki maTi „SoTa rusTavelis port-
reti“ gaxmaurda. Zmebma geniosi poeti avTandilis msgavsi Wabukis
saxiT warmoadgines, sruliad axali interpretaciiT. es portre-
ti xSirad ibeWdeboda qarTul Jurnal-gazeTebSi.
tyupebis mxatvrobis ZiriTadi Tema iyo Cveni didi erovnuli
moRvaweebis portretebi: ilia, akaki, yazbegi, gogebaSvili da sxv.
erTad, erTsulovnad eweodnen cxovrebis Wapans. isini mxo-
lod sikvdilma daaSora – grigoli adre gardaicvala – 1953
wlis Semodgomaze 66 wlisa, vladimeri ki 1981 wlis 8 noembers,
94 wlisa.
sikvdilic raRac gansakuTrebuli hqonda: batoni lado didi
moyvaruli da uerTgulesi gulSematkivari iyo yvelaferi qar-
Tulisa. is aRfrTovanebiT Sexvda 1981 wlis 13 maiss Tbilisis
„dinamos“ mier fexburTSi evropis Tasebis mflobelTa Tasis mo-
povebas. ilxenda, sixaruls da kmayofilebas ver malavda... amayad
daabijebda _ gulsruli, bednieri _ saxeze Suqmofenili da
xvalindel saqarTvelos fiqrSi efereboda. imave 1981 wlis 8 no-
embers Tbilisis „dinamo“ moskovis romeliRac gunds xvdeboda,
batoni lado TamaSs televiziiT adevnebda Tvals. pirvel taimSi
Cveni gundi 0:1 agebda, taimis miwuruls Cvenma gundma TerT-
metmetriani sajarimo dartyma ver gamoiyena. batonma ladom Tavi
cudad igrZno da ganerviulebuli, taimebs Soris Sesvenebisas
aResrula, TamaSi ki „dinamos“ gamarjvebiT damTavrda.
rogorc xalxuri leqsi ambobs:
„ar mokvda. RmerTTan wavida, Zma ari wilnayario.“ WeSmarit-
ad!
„ar aris mkvdari, vinc mokvdes da xalxs Seswiros dRenia
mkvdrad igi Tqmula, visac aq saxeli ar darCenia!!.“
lado jafariZe – friad saintereso pirovneba, aqtiurad iyo
Cabmuli yvelanair sazogadoebriv saqmianobaSi, rac ki samSob-
los keTildReobas waadgeboda. amis dasturia misi mogonebebis
krebulic, sadac mkiTxveli ufro farTod gaecnoba mis Rvawls,
cxovrebas da SemoqmedebiT saqmianobas.

SoTa xodaSneli

4
 gogla leoniZe

dRes 1963 wlis 23 aprilia. mivyvebi rusTavelis Zeglidan va-

kisaken mimaval quCas da ai, literaturis institutis win gogla
leoniZes vxedav; Tavis mxriv isic mamCnevs, mxiarulad mesalmeba
da, mokiTxvis Semdeg, sayveduriT mommarTavs:
_ rao, lado, isev damiviwye? ratom aRar mnaxulob?
_ Senma rCeva-darigebam, mogonebebze vimuSavo, Zalian damaf-
iqra; didxans vyoymanobdi da, ai, amas winaT gavbede da kalams
xeli movkide, movxaze kidec raRac-raRacebi, gavakeTe Canawerebi.
Zalian gamiWirda, magram TandaTan Sevdivar rolSi...
_ mogonebebis wera didebuli saqmea, man axali cnobebi unda
miawodos mkiTxvels da ara ise, rogorc erTma Cvenma nacnobma
gaakeTa. Seni ar iyos, masac vTxove akaki wereTelze mogonebebi
daewera. gavida xani, movida is kaci da, mogonebaTa magivrad, aka-
kis Semoqmedebis kritikuli ganxilva momitana: akakis leqsi ase-
Ti iyo da iseTio; me ki mogonebebi mindoda. akakis Semoqmedebas
me imaze ukeTesad vicnob, is ki poetis pirovnebis momswre iyo
da swored mogonebebi unda daewera, magram ar gamouvida... mogo-
nebaSi unda aisaxos pirovnebis yofa da ara poezia. mere gilia-
rovskis mixsenebs, romelsac Zalian emarjveboda yofiT sakiTxeb-
ze wera... yofaa mTavari, Cemo lado... moigone, rogor cxovrobda
moskovSi qarTveli studentoba, ras akeTebda, ra awuxebda da
sxva amgvari. gana cota rame ginaxavs cxovrebaSi?
_ aki giTxari, raRac-raRacebi kidec movxaze-meTqi, _ veubne-
bi Zvirfas goglas da Rimil-RimiliT vSordebiT erTmaneTs...

*
es iyo 1963 wlis 14 ivniss. sajaro biblioTekis qveda dar-
bazSi, sadac mecnier-muSakebi fusfuseben, isev Sevxvdi giorgi
leoniZes. igi romeliRac Zvel gazeTSi firosmanze kiTxulobda
werils; iqve axlos ijda osi poeti da dramaturgi ilia kavka-
zagi, igive kaCmazovi.
orTaves naxvam didad gamaxara.
samuSaos rom movrCiT, me da goglas erTad mogvixda bibli-
oTekidan gamosvla; Sin wasayvanad giorgisaTvis manqaniT unda
moekiTxaT, manqana jer ar Canda da Cvenc sakmao dro mogveca
samusaifod.
didxans videqiT sajaro biblioTekis kibeebze da vsaubrob-
diT, vixsenebdiT Zvels, warsul ambebs, barisas Tu mTisas, mavan-
sa da mavans, Cvens pirvel Sexvedras gazeT „saqarTvelos“ redaq-
ciaSi moskovis quCaze, sadac jer kidev axalgazrda poetma daiw-
yo muSaoba da sadac me da griSa gavecaniT.
goglas maSin wver-ulvaSi arc ki etyoboda, mTlad pirtit-
veli iyo, lamazi da Tvaltanadi. ambobdnen, damwyebi poetia, mag-
ram sityvas mSvenivrad imorCilebso. misi maSindeli poetobisa me
TiTqmis araferi maxsovs, samagierod, dRemde ar damviwyebia gog-
las Tavaziani da mokrZalebuli xasiaTi da erT-erTi werili,
gazeT „saqarTveloSi“ rom iyo gamoqveynebuli g.leoniZis xelmo-
weriT. aba, maSin ras vifiqrebdi, rom is g.leoniZe didi gogla
gaxdeboda.

5
 sxvasTan erTad gavixseneT Cemi da griSas erToblivi namuSe-
vari _ „rusTavelis portreti“, romelic swored imxanad iyo da-
beWdili gazeT „saqarTvelos“ suraTebian damatebaSi.
_ mec maxsovs, Sen da griSa sad da rodis gagicaniT. erTx-
el prospeqtze daginaxeT, sul erTnairad gecvaT da isedac
ali-kvali iyaviT erTmaneTisa. viRacam miTxra: Zmebi jafariZeebi
arian, „rusTavelis“ portreti rom daxates; ilia WavWavaZis „gl-
axis naambobic“ magaT Targmnes rusulad da moskovSi calke wig-
nadac gamosceso... Tqven saxelovan moRvaweebad iyaviT cnobili...
da mere ratom miuSviT xeli yvelafers?.. aRarc TargmniT, aRarc
xatavT... gardasulze mogonebebis weras raRa udgas win... amas
winaTac giTxari, vici, wera SegiZlia; madloba RmerTs, mosa-
gonari bevri gaqvs. Sen da griSa xom moskovis SuagulSi tri-
alebdiT. jer marto Sens tyup Zmaze rom dawero raime, sawigne
masalad isic geyofa! axla sxvebze?! oRond Sen rame dawere da
misi gamocema Cemzed iyos, _ damaimeda goglam...
ai, swored maSin gadavwyvite, kalami ameRo da weras Sevdgo-
modi. ramdeni ambis momswre viyavi da mTeli es codna, gamoc-
dileba, Tavgadasavali saflavSi ratom unda wameRo? amas winaT
daviwye kidec raRacebis wera, magram guli ver davude.
goglas manqana igvianebda, arc Cven gveleoda sasaubro da
am baasSi nacnobmac bevrma agviar-Cagviara. maT Soris iyo _ maSin
Tbilisis maswavlebelTa saxlis literaturuli wris xelmZRva-
neli, kargi kalmosani iuri CikvaiZe. iuri am wres savle abula-
Zis Semdeg Caudga saTaveSi da mec xSirad mixdeboda masTan
muSaoba.
iuric CaerTo Cvens saubarSi, ufro ki yurs gvigdebda. moxi-
bluli iyo goglas mWevrmetyveli, lamazi qarTuliT. Tavad iur-
ic Cinebulad flobda qarTul enas, apirebda sakandidato diser-
taciis dacvas vaJa-fSavelas sabavSvo nawarmoebebze da vTxove,
ar gamoeparebina CemTvis disertaciis dacvis dRe... magram, samwu-
xarod, am bednier dRes ver moveswariT, _ iuri avtokatastrofas
Seewira...
.

goglas rCeva-darigebam Zalian damafiqra. marTlac, ratom

arafers vwer an ratom ar vxatav? dae, nu daibeWdeba, dae, ujra-
Si eyaros, Sinaurebi xom mainc waikiTxaven da raRac axals gai-
geben. gogla ukve meramdened mirCevs weras, me ki yurad ar viReb
mis Txovnas, amieridan ki...
maS, ase, gadawyda: viwyeb mogonebebze muSaobas!... is oriode
mogoneba, rac daviwye, dasawyisi iyos Cemi namdvili, dauRalavi
SemoqmedebiTi literaturuli muSaobisa.
im saRamos saxlSi goglas manqaniT mivedi...
.

1964 wlis 24 maisi iyo. rusTavelis Zegls gavcdi, javaxiSvi-

lis quCis TavdaRmarTs mivuaxlovdi da is iyo, gabaSvilis quCi-
saken unda gadamexvia, sadac me vcxovrob, rom moulodnelad ja-
vaxiSvilis quCaze momaval manqanas movkari Tvali da isic Sevam-
Cnie, rom sarkmlidan viRac mamakacma damiqnia xeli. kargad dava-
kvirdi da gogla leoniZe vicani. igi Tavis manqanaSi ijda da mec

6
mepatiJeboda. karebi gamovaRe da savarZelze movTavsdi. goglam
mis gverdiT myof qalize mimiTiTa:
_ es balmontis qaliSvilia, lado, icnobdeT erTmaneTs. Cven
kavSirgabmulobis saxlSi gvaqvs saqme da cota gveCqareba, magram
mainc minda gTxovo raime mogonebis dawera balmontze. vici, Sen
mas Sexvedrixar TbilisSi. dagviwere yvelaferi _ sad da ra pi-
robebSi Sexvdi; mokled, rac gagaxsendes, gulSi araferi daito-
vo...
_ bevri mainca da mainc araferi maxsovs, balmonts pirvelad
me da Cemi Zma grigol diasamiZis kabinetSi SevxvdiT, Semdeg ki
qarTul klubSi, magram uSualod romel kabinetSi, es ukve aRar
maxsovs. is maSin iq kiTxulobda Tavis Targmans „vite“-dan...
_ me, albaT, isev male Camoval TbilisSi da imedi maqvs, rac
gagaxsendebaT, imas mainc damiwerT mamaCemze, _ mTxova balmontis
qaliSvilma.
Txovnaze uari ar miTqvams... am pirobiT davSordiT erTman-
eTs da imedi maqvs, Cems danapirebs pirnaTlad Sevasruleb.

Cemi megobrebi da xelisSemwyobni,

Cemi „mogonebebis“ weris Sefebi!

10. VIII. 78. ukve Tveze metia aRaraferi damiweria, dasaweri ki

bevri maqvs, uyma! xalisi aRara maqvs da imitom. imis magier, rom
90 wels gadacilebuli adamiani gaamxnevon da waaxalison, piriq-
iT, xaliss mikargaven, TiTqos Tavis gasarTobad gamogonil rame-
ebs vwerde. ai, Tundac, Cemi werili vaxuSti bagrationze! SarSan
(1977) noemberSi gavagzavne „literaturuli saqarTvelos“ redaq-
ciaSi da beWdaven Tu ara, dRemde pasuxic ki ar maRirses. arada,
werili sainteresoa Cveni kulturis istoriis TvalsazrisiT. as-
eve, Cemi mogoneba i. griSaSvilze ukve ori weliwadia „mnaTobSi“
devs, da sxvac mravali.
yvelaferi, rac dabeWdili maqvs, sul SoTas damsaxurebaa
da Tu marTla odesme Cemi mogonebebi vismes daainteresebs da ga-
moadgeba, me ki ara, SoTa xodaSnels unda umadlodes.
TviT is pirveli Cemi mogoneba („l. tolstois“ Semdeg), ro-
melic „ciskarSi“ daibeWda 1973 wels „maiakovskebis ojaxze“, _
SoTam damaZala. werili metad sainteresoa, radgan me da griSa
axlos viyaviT im ojaxTan da bevri ramec vicodiT maTi. „Ruki
opuskahts%“ – rom ityvian, iseT gunebaze vdgebi xolme, magram
SoTa ar meSveba, marwmunebs, „mogonebebze“ ukeTess ras dawero.
SoTam ase damawerina mogoneba „cisferyanwelebze“. gadameki-
da, dawereT uTuodo, radgan maTze amdeni ram vis ecodinebao.
sxva rom araferi, am ambebis momswre cocxali TiTqmis aRara-
vinaa da a.S. davwere Tu ara, maSinve Jurnal „kritikas“ wauRo. iq
Zalian moswonebodaT da pirvelsave Tavisufal nomerSi dabeW-
des.
damawerina agreTve sarkizov-serazinTan Cemi megobrobis am-
bavi da Cemi didi rolis Sesaxeb Tbilisis sajaro biblioTe-

7
kisaTvis misi unikaluri bukinisturi wignebis gamogzavnaSi. „ese-
ni sarkizovma ki ara, Tqven gamougzavneTo“ da, marTlac, me rom
ara, sarkizovi Tbilisis biblioTekas wignebs aRar gamougzavni-
da, radgan erTxel ukve gaegzavna, roca wignebis ganawileba dai-
wyo sxvadasxva biblioTekebsa da muzeumebSi. magram amaze mogo-
nebaSic maqvs moTxrobili da aq aRar gavimeoreb.
SoTas daJinebiT daiwera Cemi drois moskovze, studentur
„zemliaCestvoze“, i. griSaSvilze da sxva. rom davwerdi, is maSi-
nve manqanaze gadaabeWdvinebda da mihqonda redaqciaSi.
didi energiis kacia SoTa. muSaoba ar ezareba. gorkis saxe-
lobis klubis literaturuli wris xelmZRvanelia da ganizraxa,
Cems 90-e wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT klubSi Sexvedra moewyo. ram-
deni Sroma gaswia misi organizebisaTvis da saqme gamarjvebiT
daagvirgvina. vexvewebodi, – momeSviT, arc Rirsi var da arc
survili maqvs-meTqi, magram vin mogeSva?! marTlac, Cinebulad
Caatara, – "Na slavu". iSviaTi Sexvedra gamovida. foto-albomic
kargi gaakeTa griSa JorJolianma, romelic misi natifi xelovne-
bis sxva namuSevrebTan erTad (uCas iubile!), ueWvelia, saukunod
darCeba Cvens ojaxSi.
erTi sityviT, didad davalebuli var am keTilSobili adami-
anisagan da mis amags ver gadavixdi, Tumca, mas rom hkiTxo, Cemi
mogonebebi „Rirsia imisa“, rom misTvis energia ar daiSuros ada-
mianma.
didad davalebuli var agreTve ilia WavWavaZis saxelobis
literaturuli gaerTianebis Tavmjdomaris ioseb pavliaSvilisa-
gan, romelmac bevri ram gaakeTa imisaTvis, rom Cemi (da griSas)
85 wlisTavi ase brwyinvaled Caetarebina. iSviaTi adamiania, uke-
TilSobilesi sulis patroni. aseve patiosani da sayvareli adam-
iania misi uaxloesi megobari da „gaerTianebis“ erT-erTi deda-
boZi poeti ilia kavkazagi, osi poeti _ Cveni Zvirfasi javaxasi
da gigos * diswuli.
gulwrfeli siyvarulis gamo davalebuli var agreTve Cemi
Zvirfasi „ori aiaqsisagan“, eseni arian tyupi Zmebi _ tariel da
avTandil varTagavebi, SviliSvilebi cnobili literatorisa da
kritikosis ipolite varTagavasi. iSviaTi qarTveli axalgazrde-
bi arian _ mSromelebi, patriotebi; Jurnalistebi, poetebi _
sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo axalgazrdebi.

mcire mogoneba onis skolasa da mis pedagogebze

maxsendeba Cemi mowafeobis xana. es iyo gasuli saukunis 90-i-

ani wlebi „onis universitetSi“, rogorc xumrobiT uwodebdnen
xolme maSin orklasian samazro saswavlebels, romelic erTad-
erTi iyo mTels maSindel raWaSi.
xalxi maSinac didi gulmodginebiT miiswrafvoda ganaTle-
bisaken. orklasiani saswavleblis TeTrad mokiafe qviTkiris or-
sarTuliani Senoba magnitiviT izidavda mraval raWvel bavSvs,
rogorc winsvlis sawindari.

*
Cveni mojamagireebi
8
 dRes, rodesac am skolaSi aRzrdil Cems Tanaklaselebs Se-
vxvdebi xolme, madlierebis grZnobiT vigonebT mas da Cvens dau-
viwyar maswavleblebs: mamaCems _ malaqia jafariZes, emelian Tu-
TberiZes, nestor mindels, meliton gobeCiasa da sxva mravals,
romlebmac, SesaniSnav codnasTan erTad, Rrmad Cagvinerges kacu-
ri kacobisa da mSobliuri qveynis uangaro siyvarulis umaRlesi
grZnobebi.
skolis gamged mamaCemi muSaobda, romelic im drois kvalo-
baze saWiro da aucilebeli codniT iyo aRWurvili: damTavrebu-
li hqonda Tbilisis „amierkavkasiis samaswavleblo instituti“.
mamaCemis Rvawli ganaTlebis dargSi arc farTo sazogadoe-
bas gamorCenia mxedvelobidan. ase magaliTad, 1916 wels gazeTma
„saxalxo saqmem“ calke werili miuZRvna mamaCemis pedagogiuri
saqmianobis 35-e wlisTavs. aseve Tbilad moixsenies misi Rvawli
Tbilisis gazeTebma 1924 wels, roca raWis mazris xelisuflebam
zeimiT aRniSna malaqia jafariZis pedagogiuri moRvaweobis 45-e
wlisTavi, amasTan dakavSirebiT mas iubile gadauxades.
ai, swored am saswavlebelSi moRvawe aRmzrdelTa niWsa da
maRal kvalifikacias unda vumadlodeT im codnasa da erudici-
as, rac maTma namowafarebma cxovrebis gzaze gamovavlineT.
am maswavlebelTagan, cxadia, yvelas erTnairi codna da aRm-
zrdelobiTi unari ar gaaCnda, Tumca, mTeli mondomebiT iRvwod-
nen da mizansac sasikeTos aRwevdnen.
amitom Cems adamianur movaleobad miviCnie, mcire mogoneba
damewera maT Sesaxeb da amiT mSobliuri kuTxis istoriisaTvis
oriode furceli Semematebina.
dae, es iyos im Rirseul maswavlebelTa mimarT gamoTqmuli
samadlobeli, romlebic karga xania wasulan am wuTisoflidan,
magram maTi Rvawlis gamonaSuqi dResac gadadis Taobidan Taoba-
Si.
Cven valdebulni varT, gvaxsovdes isini, vinaidan, ilia Wav-
WavaZisa ar iyos, „vinc ori marcvali moiyvana iq, saca manamde ma-
rto erTi marcvali modioda, igi erTs udides samsaxurs uwevs
kacobriobas“.

moskovi Cemi droisa. universiteti

rogorc TiTqmis yovel xandazmuls, mec gardasul dReTa-

Tvis gonebis Tvalis gadavleba mCvevia.
_ vah, droni, droni! – vityviT xolme dananebiT... radgan
swored man Sva es cxovreba, romelic TavisTavad „aris mSobeli
momavalisa“.
ar damaviwydeba is bednieri wuTebi, roca quTaisis matarebe-
li mexuTe dilas moskovs miuaxlovda. es iyo 1906 wlis agvistos
damlevi. momavali studentebi gulis fancqaliT velodiT qalaq-
is gamoCenas. da, rogorc ki viRacam moskovs Tvali hkida da xma-
maRla warmoTqva misi saxeli, yvelani matareblis sarkmlebs mi-
vawydiT.

9
 adriani dila iyo da mzis pirveli sxivebi uamravi eklesiis
gumbaTebze irekleboda. pirvel rigSi ki maT Soris umaRlesis –
macxovris eklesiis * oqroTi movarayebul saxuravze.
vagzalze auarebeli komivoiaJori Semogvesia; TavianT sastu-
mroebSi wayvanas gvTavazobdnen, Tan lamazad dabeWdil reklamis
furclebs gvaCeCebdnen xelSi. bolos erTma maTganma Cvens Cemod-
nebs waavlo xeli da gagviZRva gareT, sadac misive sastumros
kareta eloda. Sig batonebiviT CavsxediT da mivediT sastumroSi,
romelic lubiankas moedanze fasadiT gadmoWimuliyo. sastumrom
Tavisi sisufTaviT da koxta nomrebiT kargi STabeWdileba dato-
va. nomrebi sakmaod Zviri iyo. ori adamiani – e.i. me da grigoli,
romelmac CemTan erTad im wels quTaisis realuri saswavlebeli
daamTavra, erT nomerSi dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi 80 kapiks vixdi-
diT.
imave dRes orTaveni moskovis universitetSi wavediT, raTa
iq Cveni Caricxvis ambavi gagvego.
universitetis saswavlo nawili im dros moxovaias quCis
erT Zvel SenobaSi iyo moTavsebuli. mokrZalebiT SevyurebdiT
mravali ambisa da araerTi gamoCenili pirovnebis momswre Senob-
as, mis svetebs, gvxiblavda misi xuroTmoZRvreba; didi mowiwebiT
avdiodiT mis kibeebze, romelzedac codnis wyurviliT anTebul
araerT axalgazrdas aevlo Cvenze TiTqmis ori aseuli wliT ad-
re. TiTqos maT Soris vxedavdiT sayvarel adamianebs: griboedov-
sa Tu lermontovs, gonCarovsa Tu belinskis, ogariovsa Tu ger-
cens, pirogovsa Tu botkins da am SenobaSi aRzrdil sxva did
ganmanaTleblebs, rusuli kulturis did maSuqebelT.
_ Cvenc xom am wminda savanes movaSureT, _ veubnebodiT erT-
maneTs me da griSa, _ da vin icis, raoden sulier sazrdos
gviwiladebs.
amas gansakuTrebuli grZnobiT ganicdida poeturad ganwyo-
bili grigoli da mdumared misCereboda Zvelebur TaRebs da mis
sidiadeSi TiTqmis gardasuli drois sunTqva esmoda.
Cveni gvarebi universitetSi Caricxul studentTa saerTo si-
aSi amovikiTxeT, es didi bedniereba iyo. sastumroSi gaxarebu-
lebi davbrundiT... Cveni sixaruli imiTac iyo gaorkecebuli, rom
imave Senobis mrgval saaqto darbazSi, universitetis damaarse-
belTa Soris, vaxuSti bagrationis saxelic amovikiTxeT.
moskovSi maSin TiTqmis martoni viyaviT da imdenad Segvawu-
xa am garemoebam, rom qalaqis datoveba da Cveni sabuTebis xar-
kovSi gadatanac ki gadavwyviteT, sadac didZali nacnobi studen-
ti gveguleboda. magram, Cvenda iRblad, bolos nacnobebic gamoC-
dnen da moskovidan wasvlaze fiqric gagviqra.
eseni iyvnen Cveni quTaiseli mezoblebis maiakovskebis bavS-
vebi _ da-Zma olia da valodia; moskovis samxatvro saswavleb-
lis studenti, SemdegSi saqarTvelos saxalxo mxatvari grigol
mesxi (agreTve quTaisidan) da, rac mTavaria, Cveni saukeTeso am-
xanagi da megobari andria razmaZe. im weliwads man CvenTan erT-
ad daamTavra quTaisis realuri saswavlebeli, mere moskovis
universitetSi moewyo da axla binas eZebda. Cvenc swored am
dros SevxvdiT mas.

*
dRes is eklesia ukve aRebulia. misi simaRle 100 metrs aRemateboda.
10
 samTavem universitetTan axlos erTad viqiraveT oTaxi, bo-
lSaia nikitskaias (dRevaneli gercenis) quCaze, konservatoriis
pirdapir, erT-erTi saxlis mesame sarTulze. binis patroni aRmo-
Cnda universitetis axalgazrda privat-docenti gidulianovi, Se-
mdegSi cnobili profesori. sami sulis miReba erT oTaxSi ar
undoda, magram bolos dagveTanxma – kavkasielebi kargi xalxi
xarTo. ai is didi oTaxic kavkasiel students ukaviao, _ gviTx-
ra kmayofilebiT.
im saRamosve gavicaniT Cveni kavkasieli mezobeli. igi metad
simpaTiuri axalgazrda aRmoCnda, garegnobiT namdvili kavkasi-
eli, warmosadegi vaJkaci. studenturi forma ecva da lamazi Sa-
vi TvalwarbiTa da patara Savi ulvaSebiT metad karg STabeWdi-
lebas tovebda. gvarad ambarcumiani aRmoCnda, amazasp ivanes Ze.
Cven mas amazasp ivanoviCs veZaxdiT da, rogorc ufrossa da gamo-
cdil students, Cvens damrigeblad vTvlidiT. asec iyo sinamd-
vileSi. aranakleb yuradRebiT gveqceoda binis patroni gidulia-
novic da es ori adamiani gamoucdel studentebs mzrunvelobas
ar gvaklebda. amazasp ivanes Ze gansakuTrebiT andria razmaZis
pirovnebiT dainteresda, romelic metad gulmodgined mecadineo-
bda, _ sul Tavis maTematikur wignebs ujda da sxvadasxva amoca-
nebis amoxsnaze muSaobda. amazasps moswonda es mondomeba da br-
wyinvale momavals uqadda mas: _ iswavleT, megobrebo, _ gveubne-
boda igi, _ kavkasias sWirdeba ganaTlebuli xalxi da aba, he, Tu
mieSvelebiT, Tu gaamarTlebT Tqveni mSoblebis imedebs!
* * *
moskovi imxanad ufro provinciul qalaqs hgavda, vidre pir-
vel sataxtos (pervoprestol>na%), rogorc mas uwodebdnen ofici-
alurad. Zalian hgavda riazans, novgorods, yazansa da tulas,
mxolod sididiTa da eklesiebis simravliT ganirCeoda maTgan.
aTas eqvsasamde eklesias Tvlidnen iq (sorok sorokov). maTi zare-
bis rekva, gansakuTrebiT uqme dReebSi, pirdapir gamayruebeli
iyo.
moskovs „did sofelsac“ uwodebdnen, gansakuTrebiT peter-
burgelebi (hgavda kidec Tavisi viwro da moukirwylavi quCebiT).
im dros asfalti ar arsebobda da quCebis safari riyis qva iyo.
cudad igveboda da sicxeSi mudam mtveri idga, xolo avdarSi ta-
laxdeboda. ase rom, „ukaloSod“ siaruli SeuZlebeli iyo, gan-
sakuTrebiT centridan daSorebul quCebze.
saxlebs xSirad nomrebi ar gaaCndaT da maT ufro patrone-
bis gvarebiT agnebdnen. Cemi misamarTi ase iwereboda: „bolSaia
nikitskaia, dom semenkoviCa“. „spiridonovka, dom elCinskova“ (aq
erT dros cxovrobda maiakovskebis ojaxi). tidovis saxli, bax-
ruSinis saxli da a.S. xSirad aseTi misamarTebic iyo: „Arbat.
Dom cerkvi sv%togo Nikolj Bogo%vlinskogo“. Dom greqeskogo pod-
vor>%“ da sxva amgvari.
es uzarmazari qalaqi Tavisi kontrastebiT gamoirCeoda. di-
di iyo sxvaoba mdidarsa da Raribs Soris; sruli ganukiTxaoba
iyo qalaqis ganaSenianebis mxrivac. brwyinvale arqiteqturuli
nagebobis gverdiT sul ubralo qoxi auSnoebda garemos. Cvens
mezoblad bolSaia bronnaias quCaze erTsarTuliani xis patara
saxli idga, TiTqmis mTel quCas ki 100-120 metris manZilze miuy-
veboda ezo, romelsac moZvelebuli SeuRebavi ficruli, alag-

11
 alag gverdze wamoqceuli da Catexili Robe gasdevda. Calewil
ficrebSi moCanda mouwyobeli kar-midamo Tavisi patar-patara
sameurneo nagebobebiT, dabmuli ZaRliTa da oriode mofusfuse
adamianiT. am qoxmaxebs ulmoblad awvebodnen mdidarTa sasaxle-
ebi, gadaylapvasa da mospobas rom uqadda TviTeul maTgans. maTi
gaxseneba CemSi xan siamovnebas, xanac did sevdas iwvevs xolme. me
miyvars yvelaferi is da maT Sesaxeb yoveli Selamazebisa da re-
tuSis gareSe minda movuTxro mkiTxvels.
an, Tu gnebavT, moskovis maSindeli transporti – erTi mxr-
iv, mdidari „lixaCebi“, xolo meore mxriv, ubralo „vankebi“. ase
eZaxdnen meetleebs, romlebic erTcxeniani ekipaJebiT moTminebiT
idgnen birJaze da muStars elodnen, Tundac sul raRac sam-
Saurian muStars, xSirad orSauriansac ki, imdenad gaWirvebulad
cxovrobdnen.
_ Izvo\ik!– davuZaxebdiT xolme aseT vankas da igrialeb-
dnen erTis magier yvela iq mdgomi vankebi.
_ Po[aluyte, barin, po[aluyte, svezu! Kuda prika[ete?
_ Zamoskvoreqie.
_ Poltinnik, barin, poltinnik! Daleko!
mogvdevdnen, ar gveSvebodnen manam, sanam ar aviyvandiT. pal-
tinnikidan (50kap) TandaTan „dvugrivennjy“-mde (20kap) da xSirad
„p%tialtjnnjy“-mdec (15kap) Camovidodnen. „grivennik“-sac (10kap)
xSirad dagvjerebian; tramvais uwevdnen metoqeobas is sacodavebi!
da raxan tramvai vaxseneT, barem imasac davumateb, rom es
eleqtrotransporti mxolod erT xazze dadioda moskovSi – e.w.
„bulvarTa wreze“. qalaqis danarCen nawilSi, yvela quCaze cxeni-
ani tramvai, anu „konka“ gvemsaxureboda. Sig ori cxeni iyo Seb-
muli da xSirad orsarTulianic gaxldaT: qvemoT daxurul sa-
lonSi mgzavrobis bileTi 5 kapiki Rirda, zemoTa gadauxurav mo-
nakveTSi – 3 kapiki: studentebi, rasakvirvelia, ufro zemo sarTu-
lis muStrebi viyaviT, Tundac wvima da TqeSi yofiliyo.
moskovis quCebi maincdamainc ver daikvexnidnen Tavisi brwyi-
nvalebiTa da sisufTaviT, TiTqmis erTnairad gamoimzireboda yve-
la, gamonaklisi tveris (dRevandeli gorkis) quCa da ufro ki
„kuznecki mosti“ gaxldaT, sadac maRaziebi da vitrinebi marTl-
ac evropul yaidaze iyo gaformebuli da xalxic ufro iqaurobas
etaneboda; tveris quCas eliseevis brwyinvale maRaziiT icnobd-
nen, romelSic kafe iyo da iq iSviaTi ostatobiT gamomcxvari
ugemrielesi „kalaCebi“ iyideboda. samagierod, tveris quCidan
sul raRac oriode wuTis savalze da isic kremlis maxloblad
gansacvifrebeli usufTaoba sufevda. aq iyo cnobili „oxotni ri-
ad“ (sanovagis bazari), romelsac Sua qalaqSi Tvaluwvdeneli ad-
gili ekava da Tavisi usufTaobiT, pirdapir, haers wamlavda. mis
gverdiT SesaniSnavi Senobebi idga, maT Soris pirveli iyo e.w. ke-
TilSobilTa sakrebulo (“blagorodnoe sobranie“ _ dRes profkavS-
irTa svetebiani sasaxle). usufTaobiT aranakleb iyo cnobili as-
eve qalaqis SuagulSi mdebare „zariadie“ _ Tavisi viwro ugegmo
SukebiT, sadac TavianT duqnebSi fulis mogebiT gatacebuli pir-
ebi buzebiviT ireodnen. sxvadasxva saqonels mamasisxlad yiddnen
da, cxadia, sisufTavisaTvis arc ecalaT.

12
 sxvafriv moskovi iSviaTi qalaqi iyo, cnobili Tavisi jansa-
Ri haeriT da gansakuTrebiT sufTa da gemrieli ankara civi
wyliT.
restornebsa da mdidarTa sxva saqeifo Tu drois satarebel
dawesebulebebs, qalaqgareT moeyaraT Tavi, magaliTad „iar“-s bo-
SaTa momRerlebiT gaeTqva saxeli. isini CvenisTana studentebisa-
Tvis miuwvdomeli iyo. amitom maTs „avan-Cavanze“verc verafers
getyviT, garda imisa, rom Tavqeifa vaWrebi pirdapir oqroebs
ayridnen Tavze iqaur momReral boSebs da „SampanurSi abanavebd-
nen“, maTi gulis mogebisaTvis arafers zogavdnen. vin ar icoda,
agreTve, maSindel mdidarTa „Wirokiy razmax. Sileqa!“
universitetSic xSirad modiodnen aseTi „razmaxistebi“, ro-
ca gaigebdnen, rom swavlis fulis SeutanlobisaTvis studentebs
ricxaveno da saproreqtoroSi mitanili fulis simravliT yvelas
akvirvebdnen: aTiaTasobiT maneTs tovebdnen studentTa swavlis
gadasaxadisagan ganTavisuflebis mizniT. roca gvarsa Tu vinao-
bas hkiTxavdnen, bevri maTgani xels Caiqnevda xolme da upasuxeb-
da: gvari ra saWiroa, CawereT „ucnobi pirisagan“. advilad naSovn
fuls aseve advilad Seeleodnen xolme. kidev kargi, rom es fu-
li keTili saqmisaTvis mainc ixarjeboda.
magram qarTveli studentebi moskovSi maincdamainc gaWirve-
bulni ar iyvnen. raki maSindel moskovs ufro Zvir qalaqad icno-
bdnen, amitom iq met-naklebad uzrunvelyofili studentebi Cadi-
odnen, (maT Soris iyvnen daviT sarajiSvilis, wera-kiTxvis gamav-
rcelebeli sazogadoebis, TavadaznaurTa da sxvaTa saxelobis
stipendiantebic), romelTac 15 maneTidan 50 maneTamde raodenobis
Tanxa hqondaT. es imis mixedviT, Tu vin an ra dawesebuleba aZle-
vda maT stipendias. stipendiebi kavkasiis saswavlo olqsac sakma-
risad hqonda, magram es Tanxa gankuTvnili iyo mxolod odesasa
Tu xarkovSi myofi studentebisaTvis.
iyvnen SeZlebuli ojaxis Svilebic. magaliTad, davasaxeleb-
di Tbilisidan Camosul oTx Zma foraqiSvils, romelTagan TiTo-
euli xuT-xuT Tumans iRebda saxlidan. cnobili baqoeli navTis
mrewvelis manTaSevis Svils TveSi 100 maneTi hqonda da es didi
fuli iyo maSin.
amitom me ar maxsovs, rom moskovSi myof romelime qarTvel
students gansakuTrebuli materialuri gaWirveba hqonoda. qar-
Tul presaSi qarTvel studentTa SimSilobis, usaxsrobisa Tu av-
admyofobis Taobaze arasodes araviTari masala ar gamoqveynebu-
la. aseTi SemTxvevebi ukve istoriis kuTvnilebas warmoadgenda,
radgan axalgazrdebs gamouCndnen mzrunveli adamianebi, Rarib
studentTa damxmare komitetebi, romlebic saWiro zomebs iRebd-
nen gaWirvebaSi myofi studentebis dasaxmareblad. maTi xelSewyo-
biT students SeeZlo gaTavisuflebuliyo swavlis fulis gada-
saxadisagan, ufasod eWama komitetis mier daarsebul sasadiloSi,
imave komitetis fondidan mieRo Tbili zamTris tansacmeli, pal-
to, kostiumi; rasakvirvelia, nacvami da Semowiruli, magram mainc
iseTi, romelic araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar Selaxavda axalgazrdis
Tavmoyvareobas.
repetitorobasac eweodnen, amis Sesaxeb xSirad naxavdiT ga-
ncxadebebs studentTa sasadilos kedlebze; SeiZleboda droebiT
samuSaoze gaformebac da sakmao moTxovnac iyo xolme. arsebobda

13
Rarib studentTa ufaso saerTo sacxovrebeli. aseTi gaxldaT,
magaliTad, vinme liapinis samsarTuliani saxli petrovkaze, sad-
ac studentebs ara marto ufaso binebi, kvebac metad SeRavaTian
fasebSi hqondaT da amitom gaWirvebuli axalgazrdisaTvis es pi-
rdapir „miswreba“ iyo. iq iseTi studentebi cxovrobdnen, romel-
nic saxlidan veraviTar daxmarebas ver Rebulobdnen da iZulebu-
lni iyvnen Tavi „liapinkaSi“ SeefarebinaT. maT Soris SemiZlia
davasaxelo samxatvro saswavleblis studentebi grigol mesxi,
aleqsandre cimakuriZe. rogorc maxsovs, es studentebi maincdama-
inc ar emdurodnen TavianT cxovrebas „liapinkaSi“ da saSualeba
hqondaT guldamSvidebiT dawafebodnen codnas. iq mcxovreb stud-
entebs sxva SeRavaTebic hqondaT: ufasod SeeZloT TeatrebSi was-
vla, oRond organizebulad, jgufebad, siis mixedviT. es dadastu-
rebuli unda yofiliyo administraciis warmomadgenlis mier. gri-
gol mesxi, SeiZleba iTqvas, saRamos ar gamotovebda, rom saTa-
nado sia ar Seedgina da Cvenc ar waveyvaneT did TeatrSi rome-
lime saopero warmodgenaze, an mcireSi, ufro ki, korSis da nez-
lobinis TeatrebSi.
grigol mesxi, liapinkis administraciis daxmarebiT, studen-
tTaTvis eqskursiebsac awyobda moskovidan Tbilissa da quTaisSi,
riTac saSualebas aZlevda axalgazrdebs SeRavaTian fasebSi „ko-
mfortabelurad“ emogzauraT calke saeqskursio vagoniT.
Zmebi liapinebi didi qonebis patronebi iyvnen, orTave uco-
lSvilo da qvelmoqmedi. tambovis guberniidan Camosuli uswavle-
li glexebi imdenad gamdidrdnen, rom petrovkaze sasaxle aiSenes
da saucxood moawyves. iqve meore sasaxle aaSenes Raribi stu-
dentebisaTvis da, rogorc vTqviT, daxmarebas uwevdnen maT.
Zalian miyvarda kremlSi siaruli. kremli da tretiakovis
samxatvro galerea _ ai, is adgilebi, sadac SeiZleboda kultu-
rulad dasveneba da datkboba, sulierad amaRleba. kremli igive
uzarmazari muzeumi iyo „Ria cis qveS“. uSesaniSnavesi kulturu-
li Zeglebi, monastrebi, taZrebi, sasaxleebi, sajabadro, istori-
uli muzeumi da mravali sxva.
marto „ivane didis“ samrekloze asvla rad Rirda, saidanac
mTel moskovs gadaxedavda kaci. samreklo macxovris eklesiis
Semdeg TiTqmis yvelaze maRali Senoba iyo maSindel moskovSi,
jvriT 98 metrs aRwevda, ujvrod – 90 metrs. igi aSenebulia bo-
ris godunovis mier 1600 wels didi SimSilobis dros da 33 zars
itevs, romelTagan yvelaze mZime 4000 fuTs, e.i. 64 tonas iwonis.
„ivane didis“ samreklosTan miwaze devs uzarmazari zarebis
mefe, romelic me-18 saukuneSia Camosxmuli da 10000 fuTs, e.i.
daaxloebiT 162 tonas iwonis. iqvea me-16 saukuneSi Camosxmuli
mefe zarbazani, romlis TiTo Wurvi 2 tonas aRwevs. cxadia, arc
zarebis mefe da arc mefe zarbazani araferSi gamosadegni ar
arian. dabadebidanve „invalidebi“ _ samSvenisebs warmoadgenen.
am garemoebam, rogorc cnobilia, imdroindel enamaxvilT
sxartad aTqmtvina: “V Rosii qto ni car>, to invalid“.
uamrav samlocveloTa Soris Tavisi simdidriT gamoirCeoda
me-14 saukunis miZinebis (Uspenskiy) taZari, sadac mravali oq-
ro-vercxli da unikaluri saeklesio nivTi inaxeboda. oficialu-
ri monacemebiT, marto napoleonis jarebma iqidan 325 fuTi verc-
xli da 18 fuTi oqro amoiRes.

14
 Zvel sakrebulo taZrebs oqro-vercxliT arc axali – 1840
wels aSenebuli macxovris eklesia Camouardeboda, romelic pre-
Cestenkaze idga, simaRliT jvarTan erTad 105 metrs aRwevda da
agebuli iyo napoleonis jarebisagan moskovis gaTavisuflebis
samaxsovrod, igi 15 milioni maneTi daujda mTavrobas; samlocve-
lo erTdroulad 10000 adamians itevda; misi uzarmazari gumbaTe-
bis mooqroebaze, imave cnobis mixedviT, 26 fuTi oqro daixarja,
mitomac ase lamazad brwyinavda mzeze. erTi sityviT, misi yovel-
mxrivi SemkobisaTvis mefis mTavrobas Tavi ar dauzogavs. Zvirfa-
si porfiriTa da marmariloTi mopirkeTebuli Senoba saxelovani
mxatvrebis namuSevrebma aavses. aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac, rom
eklesiis yvela kari brinjaosagan iyo Camosxmuli, romelTagan
erT-erTi maTgani 800 fuTs iwonida.
istoriul Senobebs Soris yvelaze ufro saintereso sanaxa-
vi iyo e.w. „Granovita% palata“, romelic jer kidev ivane mesamem
aago me-15 saukuneSi da gankuTvnili iyo ucxoeli elCebis misaR-
ebad, agreTve, mefeebis sazeimo sufris gasaSlelad.
cnobilia, rom qarTveli batoniSvili (SemdegSi erekle pir-
veli), romelsac ruseTSi nikolai davidoviCs eZaxdnen, moskovSi
Casvlisas, 1654 wlis 1 ianvars, mefe aleqsi mixeilis Zem „grano-
vitaia palataSi“ miiRo didi zar-zeimiT da amasTanave sazeimo
sadilic gaumarTa mTeli Tavisi amaliT.
erTi sityviT, moskovSi araerTi didebuli, istoriuli Zeg-
lia da roca maT vixseneb, uneburad magondeba saqarTvelos iav-
arqmnili Zeglebi, mterTan gauTavebel brZolebSi rom nadgur-
deboda, sanaxevrod dangreuli cixe-taZrebi. sasaxleebidan TiT-
qmis verc erTi ver gadaurCa mrisxane warsuls, samoqalaqo nage-
bobis Tundac erTi patara nimuSic ki. swored aseTi fiqrebi ami-
yoliebdnen xolme moskovSi, roca kremlis grandiozul xedebs
Sevyurebdi.
zemoTac vTqvi, rom moskovs Zvelad ormocjer ormoci ekle-
siis qalaqs („Sorok sorokov“) uwodebdnen. cxadia, es marTlac
ase iyo da ra saocari unda yofiliyo amdeni zaris gamayruebe-
li guguni.
me momismenia moskovis TiTqmis yvela zaris erTdrouli gu-
guni. es iyo 1913 wlis zafxuls, roca romanovebis dinastiis 300
wlisTavis dResaswaulze mefe Camovida moskovSi. zarebis rekva
manamde ar Senelebula, vidre kremlSi mefis misvlis ceremonia
ar damTavrda.
rusi glexebi Tu wvrili xelosnebi TavianTi ojaxebiT mar-
to eklesiaSi ki ara, mis gareTac loculobdnen xolme. me ara-
erTxel minaxavs moskovSi karetiT mimavali romelime sasuliero
piri, romelsac karetaSi didi zomis xati esvena. sakmarisi iyo
xatis danaxva, rom quCaSi mimavalni, qali Tu kaci, muxlebze
ecemodnen da manamde iwerdnen pirjvars, vidre kareta Tvals ar
moefareboda.
peterburgisagan gansxvavebiT, moskovi _ namdvili rusuli,
magram ucxoelebiT savse qalaqi iyo. cxovreba evropul yaidaze
iyo awyobili.
uqme dReebSi eklesiebSi dilidanve rom atydeboda zarebis
guguni, xolo qvafenilze etlebis rkinis salteebiani borble-
bisa da gansakuTrebiT ki uresoro urmebis rixini (rezinis Sine-

15
bi is-is iyo Semodioda xmarebaSi da amdenad iSviaTobas warmo-
adgenda), yurTasmena aRar iyo. amas emateboda gamyidvelTa SeZa-
xilic: “$bloki moqenje! Arbuzj, arbuzj!“ an Zvelmanebis myidvel
yazanelTa dausrulebeli yvirili: “stari veSC pakupaim!“ aseT
dros kacs sarkmeli unda daexura.
axla oriode sityviT, Tu rogor cxovrobda saSualo SeZl-
ebis studenti moskovSi. rogorc ukve vwerdi, Raribi qarTveli
studenti moskovSi me ar meguleboda, vinaidan iq cotad Tu bev-
rad SeZlebuli ojaxis Svilebi Camodiodnen. Tu romelime maT-
gani 20-25 maneTze naklebs iRebda, is ufasod sadilobda studen-
tur sasadiloSi. saWiro iyo mxolod saTanado gancxadebis Se-
tana komitetSi. TveSi sadili 6 maneTi Rirda, e.i. TiTo ulufa
20 kapiki. sadili Cinebuli gaxldaT: pirveli uTuod xorciT iyo
damzadebuli, romelic SeiZleboda ganmeorebiTac mogeTxovaT,
meorec aseve xorceuli iyo, Tanac imdeni, rom zogi verc ere-
oda. Rarib studentTa damxmare sazogadoebas sasadilos saqmee-
bis warmarTvisaTvis specialuri komiteti hyavda arCeuli da,
SeiZleba iTqvas, komiteti am saqmes kargad arTmevda Tavs.
amgvarad, sadili students TveSi 6 maneTi ujdeboda, xolo
daqiravebul oTaxTan erTad sul _ 16-18 maneTi, sxva saWmel-sas-
melsa da transports ki dasWirdeboda 5-6 maneTi. ra Tqma unda,
gaWirvebiT, magram 25 maneTi mainc sakmarisi iyo. me da Cemi Zma
erTdroulad 50 maneTs viRebdiT da savsebiT gvyofnida. oTaxSi
20 maneTze meti ar ixarjeboda, zogjer naklebic ki – 17-18 mane-
Ti. amitom zamTris susxSi sadils xSirad saxlSive viRebdiT, an
iqve mis axlos; amas Sinaur sadils eZaxdnen, sufTa erboze
mzaddeboda; samagierod, TveSi 7 maneTi jdeboda.
dilis sauzme CaiT iwyeboda. „samovari“, dila-saRamos, oT-
axis qiraSi Sedioda, oRond mosamsaxurisTvis „saCuqrad“ 50 an 75
kapiki unda migveca TveSi. karaqi, puri, Saqari da zeTi calke
xarji iyo, isic kapikebi... gazeTi im dros 3 kapiki Rirda da Tu
fulze mwyralad viyaviT, erTi maTgani _ ’’Russkoe slovo’’ sru-
liad sakmarisi iyo saqveyno ambebis gasagebad; Tumca, xSirad am
xarjisaganac vikavebdiT Tavs. Tu ara da, piriqiT, „Russkie vedo-
mosti“-sac SeviZendiT. mas _ werilTa seriozuli xasiaTis gamo
_ profesorebis gazeTs uwodebdnen.
gvqonda kidev erTi patara xarjic – Sveicars yovelTviurad
vaZlevdiT 75 kapiks, raTa telefonze daveZaxeT xolme, rodesac
amas saWiroeba moiTxovda. telefoni maSin arc ise xSiri iyo,
magram „SveicarskaiaSi“ igi TiTqmis yvelgan idga. ase rom, 25 ma-
neTi erTi studentisaTvis, yvela xarjis dasafaravad, sruliad
sakmarisi iyo. xolo Tu es ar hyofnida, SeeZlo raime samuSaoze
mowyobiliyo. magaliTad, erTi Cveni amxanagi, gvarad barnabiSvi-
li, romeliRac eklesiaSi medaviTned muSaobda. saqme bevri ar
hqonda, ufro uqme dReebSi iyo dakavebuli. jamagiri kargi iyo
da arc swavlaSi eSleboda xeli.
yvelaze ioli iyo repetitoroba da amas studentoba xSirad
mimarTavda xolme. mec araerTxel mqonia SemTxveva merepetitora.
erTxel qalaqis sammarTveloSiac mogvixda muSaoba saxelmwifo
saTaTbiroSi mowyobili arCevnebis dros. ojaxebSi daviarebodiT
da amomrCevelTa anketebs vavsebdiT. bevri kargi ojaxi gavicaniT
maSin.

16
 male moskovSi me da grigols ori umcrosi Zma – valeriani
da aleqsandrec SemogvierTda. Tumca arseboba ar gviWirda, ma-
inc vmuSaobdiT did saopero TeatrSi. axalgazrdebs ufro Sesa-
xedaobis mixedviT arCevdnen. Cven ZiriTadad masiur scenebSi vi-
RebdiT monawileobas da Tanac iseT did momRerlebTan, rogo-
rebic iyvnen Saliapini, sobinovi, neJdanova da sxvebi. scenis ad-
ministratorad muSaobda poloneli grafi kamarovski, axovani
vaJkaci, mas Tbilisis operaSi emuSavna da namdvil siamovnebas
hgvrida CvenTan Tavisi „damtvreuli“ qarTuliT gamosaubreba.
Cven rolebSiac viyaviT xolme dakavebuli da amitom repeticieb-
zec xSirad gveZaxdnen; amisTvis yovel misvlaze 50 kapiki gveZ-
leoda, xolo speqtaklSi monawileobisaTvis – TiTo maneTi, amiT
Tvis ganmavlobaSi kargi honorari grovdeboda – 20 maneTze meti.
es ukve didi SeRavaTi iyo CvenTvis. Tanac, rogorc maswavleblis
Svilebs, swavlis fulis gadaxda ar gvevaleboda.
qarTveli studentebidan TiTqmis aT kacamde viyaviT did Te-
atrSi dakavebuli da yvelas kargi urTierToba gvqonda iqaur
msaxiobebTan, gansakuTrebiT Cems Zmas valerians – samedicino fa-
kultetis students. mas Zalian emarjveboda Tbilisuri anekdo-
tebis moyola, rac metad amxiarulebda msaxiobebs, maT Soris ka-
marovskisac. amitom valeriani sakmaod popularuli iyo maT So-
ris, xolo, roca opera „xovanSCinaSi“ Saliapini ivane mrisxanes
rolSi TxuTmetiode cxenosnis TanxlebiT scenaze Semodioda
xolme, masTan yvelaze ufro axlos valeriani idga. didi momRe-
rali gverdidan ar iSorebda Cems Zmas. cxeni Tu damifrTxa,
valeriani yvelaze saimedoa CemTviso, xSirad ityoda xolme is.
valerianis ojaxSi dResac sapatio adgilze hkidia Saliapinis
fotosuraTi misive warweriT: “Valerianu Malakieviqu D[aparidze
na dobroe vospominanie o scene Bol>wogo teatra Moskvj. F.Wal%-
pin. 28. 12. 1914 g.“
Cveni Cveulebrivi, studenturi dRe moskovSi aseTi gaxldaT:
diliT adre mosamsaxure qali cxel samovars Semogvitanda, Se-
mdeg sanovagis maRaziebs moirbenda, romlebic imave SenobaSi, an
iqve axlos mdebareobda. da 5 kapikad Rirebul cxel „kalaCebs“,
karaqs, rZes da yvels moitanda. visauzmebdiT da mivdiodiT leq-
ciebze profesorebis: manuilovis, muromcevis, ozerovis, barovo-
is, pozniSevis, kassosa da trubeckois _ mosasmenad (iuridiuli
fakulteti); xSirad filologiis fakultetzec vusmendiT gamo-
Cenil leqtorebs: kliuCevskis, xvostovs, rozanovs, sakulins da
Celpanovs, lebedevs – fizikis, xolo timiriazevs, kablukovsa
da vernadskis – sabunebismetyvelo fakultetze.
nasadilevs rumiancevis (axlandeli sajaro) biblioTekaSi
vagrZelebdiT mecadineobas. saRamos, TeatrSi erToblivi dasw-
reba Tu ar iyo dagegmili, erT-erT gaSinaurebul ojaxs, an amxa-
nags vestumrebodiT xolme... Tu arada, ufro xSirad saxlSi gvi-
xdeboda yofna, radgan Cveni bina gansakuTrebuli popularobiT
sargeblobda mTel studentobaSi. mas „Stabkvartiras“ eZaxdnen.
modiodnen amxanagebi, vsaubrobdiT, vkamaTobdiT. diasaxliss ao-
cebda amdeni axalgazrdis Tavyriloba, gansakuTrebiT Cveni xma-
maRali kamaTi. Tu romelime qarTveli Camovidoda moskovSi da
vinmes naxvas moisurvebda, uTuod CvenTan gamogzavnidnen – jafa-
riZeebTan midiT, iq yvelafers gaigebT da gaerkveviTo.

17
 erTxel Tbilisidan werili momivida – migzavnida saSa aba-
Seli, maSin jer kidev damwyebi poeti. matyobinebda: moskovSi mo-
vdivar swavlis gasagrZeleblad, ar vicnob arc qalaqs da arc
mandaur Zexorciels, amitom gTxovT damexmaroT da ramdenime
dRe Tqvens binaze mimiRoTo. saSa male Camovida moskovSi da mTe-
li weliwadi cxovrobda CemTan, mere peterburgs gaemgzavra.
amiT is minda vTqva, rom moskovSi qarTvel studentobas er-
TmaneTTan mWidro, megobruli urTierToba gvqonda. roca saWiro
iyo, daxmarebasac vuwevdiT erTmaneTs, xolo, rodesac vSordebo-
diT, „sadarbazo baraTiT“ mainc SevaxsenebdiT Tavs.
sadarbazo baraTebi im dros pirdapir moda iyo. baraTze
ewera moqalaqis saxeli, gvari da tituli. magaliTad: „vladimer
malaqias Ze jafariZe, moskovis saimperatoro universitetis stu-
denti“. Tu mas megobars gaugzavnidi axal weliwads, aRdgomas an
sxva dReebSi, es milocvas niSnavda, TiTqos piradad misuliyavi
misalocad.
moskovSi erTi avTandilovi iyo – kargi, mSromeli kaci,
Tbiliseli. sadRac umniSvnelo Tanamdebobaze msaxurobda. mag-
ram sadarbazo baraTi mainc hqonda. rogorc Cans, sadarbazo bar-
aTze Tavisi Tanamdeboba aRniSvnis Rirsad ar CaTvala. magram
mis magier raRac xom unda daewera da dawera kidec: saxeli, mam-
is saxeli, gvari da qvemoT: „Plem%nnik kn%z% Argutinskogo.“ es
ambavi maSin bevrs saxumarod da sasacilod hqonda gadaqceuli,
magram aseTi iyo imdroindeli moda da modis Wirveuloba ki, mo-
gexsenebaT, TiTqmis versad veravis aucilebia Tavidan.
dResac sasiamovnod vixseneb moskovSi vaso kandelakis qor-
wils. man jer kidev studentma jvari daiwera erT mSvenier rus
qaliSvilze. qorwili Cvenma kargma megobarma jibilo lorTqifa-
niZem mouwyo Tavis ojaxSi _ zvenigorodis mazris erT-erT
sofelSi. „mayrebad“ me da griSac viyaviT da Zalian kargi droc
gavatareT. eklesiidan marxilebiT davbrundiT. gzad did Tovl-
Si xan erTi, xan meore marxili brundeboda da saerTo mxiaru-
lebas bolo ar uCanda. stumrebs Soris Cveni sayvareli msaxiobi
lado mesxiSvilic iyo colsa da orive qaliSvilTan erTad.
maxsovs qsenia lorTqifaniZis jvriswerac student kuli-
kovTan. me da griSa iqac mayrebad viyaviT, Tumca namdvili qor-
wili arc ki yofila. eklesiidan yvela pirdapir saxlSi wavida,
radgan nefe-dedofals „mayrebis“ dapatiJebis saSualeba ar hqon-
da.
maxsovs revoluciurad ganwyobili da mexiviT mgrgvinavi ga-
bo xundaZe. Tbilad vixseneb brwyinvale qarTvel patriotebs sa-
ingilodan: vano papiaSvils da giorgi gamxaraSvils; damwyeb
mwerlebs, maSin sul axalgazrda studentebs – tician tabiZesa
da sergo kldiaSvils, iliko qurxulsa da vaso beJaniSvils, da-
Tiko da ermile lobJaniZeebsa da bevr kidev sxvas.
vin moTvlis, ramdeni amxanagi, megobari da nacnobi damrCa aq
mouxseniebeli. Tavs ise vgrZnob, TiTqos danaSauli Camedinos
maT winaSe. magram mainc minda aucileblad gavixseno Cemi erTi
megobari kosta maisuraZe.
moskovSi Cemsobas sporti metad ganuviTarebeli iyo da misi
erTaderTi saxeoba, rac xalxs izidavda, franguli Widaoba iyo,
romelsac vinme ivan lebedevi meTaurobda. misi sqeli da dakunT-

18
uli sxeuli imas amtkicebda, rom odesRac TviTonac, maSin ukve
xanSi Sesuli mamakaci, am dargis mimdevari iyo. mis mier mowyob-
il CempionatSi moWidaveebi evropisa da aziis qveynebidanac ki
Camodiodnen. maT Soris saxelganTqmuli iaponeli moWidave sira-
kiki iyo. 1908-1910 wlebSi, Tu cota mogvianebiT, mis CempionatSi
monawileobda Tbiliseli cnobili sportsmeni kosta maisuraZe.
kosta raWis mazris sofel cxmoridan iyo. siWabukeSi TbilisSi
Camosul ymawvils mzareuloba Seeswavla da im dargSi muSaobda
kidec. magram SemdegSi sports gahyva. jer qarTuli, mere ki fra-
nguli Widaoba dauwyia (axla rom klasikurs uwodeben). kosta
didi warmatebiT gamodioda. kargi monacemebic hqonda. saSualo
tanis mxarbeWiani, mkerdganieri vaJkaci iyo, ZalRonec mosdevda
da Widaobis teqnikac kargad aeTvisebina. amitom saWidao xali-
Caze misi gamosvlebi sasiamovno sanaxavi iyo da mayurebelsac
sxva ra unda! sxvaTa Soris, garegnobac metad mimzidveli hqonda;
qarTvel studenobas Zalian uyvarda misi Widaoba da xSiradac
eswreboda lebedevis mier mowyobil Cempionatebs. kosta erT-er-
Ti wamyvani moWidave gaxldaT, xalxic misdami didi pativiscemiT
iyo ganmsWvaluli. me da griSa axlos vicnobdiT kostas da, bu-
nebrivia, mis gamosvlebs ar vacdendiT. es Zalian axalisebda da
guladobasac hmatebda. Teatri „akvariumi“ sadovaia-kudrinskaia-
ze, sadac warmodgenebis Semdeg Cempionati mimdinareobda, savse
iyo Widaobis moyvarulebiT. kostas garda, am CempionatSi sxva
popularuli moWidaveebic xSirad monawileobdnen, maT Soris ev-
ropidan Camosuli Svarci, iaponeli sirakiki, rusebi: zaikini,
poddubni da sxva.
erTxel, roca kostam evropidan Camosul romeliRac saxel-
ganTqmul falavanTan gaimarjva, xalxma taSiT kinaRam Teatri
daangria. am dros viRacam SesZaxa: „Lezginku, Kost%!..“ da, marTl-
ac, kostam lamazad da warmtacad Camouara Taviseburad. saxe
ucinoda, Savi ulvaSebi maRla aeprixa, xalxis aRtaceba marT-
lac gulwrfeli iyo. bolo dros kostas msoflio Cempionis
titulic hqonda mikuTvnebuli. afiSebze mis gvarTan „Qempion
mira“ ewera da amis gamo Cvens siamayes sazRvari ar hqonda. lama-
zi kaci iyo kosta. yovelTvis sufTa da lamazad Sekerili kos-
tumi ecva, xandaxan Coxa-axaluxSic iyo gamowyobili. sul axal-
gazrda gardaicvala 1919 wels e.w. „ispankiT“...

* * *
1906 wels, reaqciis periodSi, universitetis studentobas
ukve aRar hqonda krebebis mowyobis ufleba, miT ufro gaficvisa.
erTaderTi, rac ar aikrZala, es saTvistomoebi gaxldaT. arsebo-
bda iseTi organizaciac, romelic am saTvistomoebs aerTianebda
universitetis farglebSi.
hoda, ai, erT dRes, am gaerTianebam, ar maxsovs ra sakiTxis
irgvliv an ra mizeziT, saswrafod studentTa kreba gamoacxada.
Tavs rom policia ar dagvsxmoda, reqtorma studentebs daSla
sTxova, magram amaod. marTlac, sul raRac naxevar saaTSi poli-
ciam alya Semoartya universitets da Cvens auditoriaSic gamoCn-
da. iuridiuli fakultetis #2 didi auditoria studentebiT iyo
savse. amitom yvela monawilis dapatimreba SeuZlebeli Canda,
ris gamoc 50-mde studenti, viTom krebis prezidiumi da aqtivis-

19
tebi, oTaxSi Cagvketes, danarCeni ki universitetis Senobidan ga-
rekes. im dRes leqciebi, ra Tqma unda, aRar Catarebula.
dakavebuli studentebi, imis Semdeg, rac sabuTebis mixedviT
Cveni piradoba daadastures da misamarTebic Caiweres, romeli-
Rac policiur nawilSi wagviyvanes, erTxans gagvaCeres da bo-
los saxlebSic gamogvistumres. es iyo 1907 Tu 1908 wlis zamT-
ari.
amis Semdeg aT dResac ar gaevlo, rom binaze policielma
momakiTxa da rogorc moskovis universitetSi nebadaurTveli
krebis monawiles, administraciuli wesiT, TxuTmetdRiani patim-
robis ganaCeni gamomicxada. es brZaneba yvela „eWvmitanilze“ yo-
fila gacemuli. winadadeba momca, wavyolodi sapatimroSi. raRa
unda meTqva. misi nebarTviT, oriode sakiTxavi wigni da erTi sa-
xatavi albomi aviRe da ukan gavyevi. griSas patara werili davu-
tove momxdari ambis Sesaxeb da vTxove, nurc idardeb da nurc
momZebni, wvalebad ar eRireba-meTqi.
mimiyvanes sapatimros ufrosTan, romelic farTo kabinetSi
ijda da im siciveSi cxel Cais miirTmevda. msuqani kaci iyo,
„tolstiaks“ eZaxdnen. Cemda gasaocrad, metad Tbilad Semxvda,
TiTqos misi didi xnis unaxavi axlobeli vyofiliyavi da ara
ucnobi axalgazrda da isic patimari.
_ aha, kidev moiyvaneT studenti? _ ikiTxa man da TanagrZno-
biT Semomxeda. Canda, naoficrali iyo, Tvinieri, bunCula, uboro-
to moxuci. _ mesame kameraSi missave amxanagebTan moaTavseT bat-
oni studenti, _ brZana man da policielic, didi derefnis gav-
lis mere, erT mozrdil darbazSi SemiZRva, sadac ukve ijda im
krebis monawile ori rusi studenti. me maT pirvelad vxedavdi:
erTi maTgani maTematikosi iyo, maRali da grZelTmiani; ubralo
pijaki da maRalyeliani Ceqmebi ecva. Zalian uyvarda fanjaraSi
cqera; taburetze saaTobiT Semdgari Soreul sivrces an sapatim-
ros ezos gahyurebda. meore axalgazrda, romelic studentur
formaSi iyo koxtad gamowyobili, filologi gamodga. is sul
loginze iwva da erTTavad Sinidan motanil wignebs kiTxulobda.
rom giTxraT, Zalian gamiWirda sapatimroSi yofna–meTqi, ar
viqnebi marTali: mSvenivrad verTobodiT saubrebiT, anekdotebiT,
wignebis kiTxviT. dReSi rom samjer karebs gaaRebdnen da saWm-
el-sasmels Semogvitandnen, esec Cveni erTgvari garToba da dro-
is mokvla iyo. mec miveCvie sarkmelSi cqeras: taburetze Semdga-
ri, didxans mivCerebodi sapatimros TovliT dafarul ezos, sad-
ac Tbilad Cacmuli Tofiani policielebi daiarebodnen: axlad
mosuli karetidan patimrebi gadmohyavdaT an, piriqiT, cixidan
mihyavdaT sadRac.
me Cems albomSi bevri ram iseTi movxaze, axla rom davxedav
xolme, naTlad warmomidgeba iq yofnis dReebi. mxolod erT ram-
eze mwydeba guli, _ arc erTze TariRi ar damiweria da amitom
zustad ar vici, cxraas Svidi weli iyo, Tu cxraas rva. es ki
danamdvilebiT miweria: „V thr>me Arbatskoy 1 qasti,“ an „Arbat-
skiy policeyskiy dom“, da sxv. Canaxati fanqriTaa ubralod moxa-
zuli, magram CemTvis esec bevris mTqmelia.
TxuTmeti dRis ganmavlobaSi arc aravin gauyvaniaT Cveni ka-
meridan da arc aravin SemouyvaniaT. samiveni erTad gagvaTavisu-
fles. Cemma gaTavisuflebam qarTul saTvistomoSi didi furori

20
moaxdina. TiTqos raRac araCveulebrivi gmiroba Camedinos, an
didi xnis patimrobidan davbrunebuliyavi nacem-nawvalebi. luba
da kato gociriZeebi pirvelebi moiWrnen Cvens binaze da ise
gaxarebulebi iyvnen, TiTqos saiqiodan davbrunebuliyav. andro
razmaZe, avetik martirosovi, miSa Tuxareli, griSa cxakaia,
daTiko gagua da, ra vici, vin ar movida Cem sanaxavad!
didxans meyo Cemi patimrobis ambavi sulis sazrdod, salapa-
rakod da mosayolad.
amiT vamTavreb Cemi drois moskovze saubars. 1914 wlidan fe-
xi ar damedga iq da, roca 1956 wels mivlinebiT Cavedi, gamaoca
misma Tanamedrove iersaxem, gansakuTrebiT axalma universitetma,
romlis Sedareba arc ki SeiZleba maSindel universitetTan.
me mainc siyvaruliT vigoneb Cemi drois moskovs, mis Zvel
saxlebs, Sabolovkasa da iakimankas, boJedomkasa da tagankas, os-
tapenkasa da volxonkas, xamovniksa da presnas... romeli erTi Ca-
movTvalo... es saxelebi axlac tkbilad Camesmis yurSi, rogorc
gardasul dReTa dauviwyari mogoneba.

moskovis qarTuli saTvistomo

Cemi studentobis dros, revoluciamdel ruseTSi axalgazr-
debs Soris didi saxeliT sargeblobda studenturi organizacia
„saTvistomo“, romelic yvela eris studentTa enaze „Zeml%qest-
vo“-s saxelwodebiT iyo cnobili. es organizacia Tavs uyrida da
aerTianebda ruseTis sxvadasxva kuTxidan sauniversiteto qalaq-
Si Camosul axalgazrdebs, Tvistom (zeml%ki) TanamemamuleebTan
daaxlovebis, urTierTobis, kulturuli da materialuri daxma-
rebis mizniT.
moskovis universitetSi „zemliaCestvoebi“ ufro im qalaqeb-
is mixedviT iyo Camoyalibebuli, sadac axalgazrdobas damTavre-
buli hqonda gimnaziebi, xolo aseTi gimnaziebi im dros mxolod
did sagubernio qalaqebSi arsebobda. amitom saTvistomoebic im
qalaqebis saxelwodebebiT iyo organizebuli: R%zanskoe zeml%qes-
tvo, Orlovskoe, Tverskoe, Tambovskoe da a.S. erT dros „Tifliss-
koe zeml%qestvo“-c arsebobda, sadac gaerTianebulni iyvnen Tbil-
isis gimnaziis kursdamTavrebuli rusi da sxva erovnebis warmo-
madgenlebi. qarTvelebi ki ganurCevlad imisa, Tu romeli qalaq-
is gimnaziidan iyvnen Camosulni, erTiandebodnen erovnul orga-
nizaciaSi, romelsac “Gruzinskoe zeml%qestvo” ewodeboda.
Tbilisis saTvistomos am saxelwodebiT didxans ar uarse-
bia. rogorc maxsovs, male „Kavkazskoe zeml%qestvo“-s saxeliT ga-
erTianda. amiT Tavis organizacias meti Zala da Rone Semata, as-
parezi gaufarTova. am saTvistomoSi kavkasiis mTeli rigi qala-
qebis yofili gimnazielebi iyridnen Tavs.
moskovis universitetSi kulturulad Tu materialurad yv-
elaze Ronieri qarTuli saTvistomo iyo, sadac marto qarTvele-
bi iyvnen gaerTianebulni, ganurCevlad imisa, Tu romeli qalaqis
gimnaziidan iyvnen Camosulni – mxolod im pirobiT, rom maT au-
cileblad qarTuli ena unda scodnodaT, radgan mis ucodinaro-
bas xeli ar unda SeeSala erovnul saTvistomoSi maTi saqmiano-
bisaTvis.

21
 qarTvelebi, romlebmac qarTuli ena ar icodnen umetes wi-
lad imis gamo, rom dabadebulni da aRzrdilni saqarTelos far-
glebs gareT iyvnen, kavkasiis saTvistomoSi erTiandebodnen; maT
CvenTan TiTqmis araviTari urTierToba ar hqondaT, amitom arc ki
vicnobdiT erTimeores. magaliTad, Cveni erovnuli geologiis
erT-erTi fuZemdebeli da didi moamage akademikosi aleqsandre
TvalWreliZe, romelic Cems dros moskovis universitetSi
swavlobda, me mxolod meoTxe kursze gavicani da isic SemTxve-
viT. man qarTuli ena srulebiT ar icoda. fizika-maTematikis fa-
kultetze fizikis did auditoriaSi profesor umovis leqciaze
iuridiuli fakultetis ramdenime studenti viyaviT. umovi iSvia-
Ti leqtori gaxldaT da cdebsac sainteresod atarebda; amitom
xSirad vismendiT mis leqcias. es maSin daSvebuli iyo da studen-
tebi Tavisuflad eswrebodnen yvela leqcias universitetis nebi-
smier fakultetze.
roca leqcia damTavrda da studentebi ezoSi gamovidnen,
erTma studentma siiT ramdenime amxanagis gvari amoikiTxa da maT
Soris „TvalWreliZe“. ucbad SevCerdi, radgan es gvari moskovSi
pirvelad mesmoda, iqaur qarTvelobas ki ukve ramdenime weliwadi
iyo, rac vicnobdi. vin unda yofiliyo es TvalWreliZe, verafriT
ver gavixsene, amitom vikiTxe: romeli brZandebiT TvalWreliZe-me-
Tqi?
_ TvalWreliZes kiTxulobT? – warsdga Cem win erTi rusi
studenti, _ me gaxlavarT, xom araferi gnebavT?
Tvals ar vujerebdi: es iyo tipiuri rusi studenti qera Tm-
iT, mSvidi, cisferi da metad sandomiani TvalebiT, oqrosCarCo-
iani saTvaliT. mis saxes axlad amosuli wver-ulvaSi kidev
ufro mimzidvels xdida.
Cven gamovelaparakeT erTmaneTs; me didi interesi gamoviCine
misdami, rac mas Zalze esiamovna. igi aRmoCnda TvalWreliZeTa
cnobili ojaxis warmomadgeneli raWis mazris sofel caxidan, im
dros sakmaod saxelmoxveWili poetis parmen caxelis Zmiswuli.
studenti TvalWreliZe CrdiloeT kavkasiis erT-erT qalaqSi yo-
fila dabadebuli da aRzrdili, sadac mamamisi msaxurobda Tur-
me; amitom erTi Reri qarTulic ar icoda, miT ufro, rom dedac
iqauri rusi hyolia. aleqsandre TvalWreliZe geologias swav-
lobda da Rirseul studentad iTvleboda. masac guliT surda
qarTvelebTan daaxloeba. stavropolidan Camosuli studenti
aravis ar icnobda, radgan kavkasiis saTvistomoSi qarTveli
TiTqmis aravin iyo.
im dRidan aleqsandre TvalWreliZes xSirad vxvdebodi da
vmegobrobdiT kidec. es megobroba kidev ufro ganmtkicda Tbi-
lisSi, sadac igi moRvaweobda da daaarsa mineraluri nedleu-
lis instituti.
al. TvalWreliZes raWaSiac xSirad vxvdebodi, sadac sofel
RebTan mTebSi, did geologiur saqmeebs xelmZRvanelobda.
patriotma kacma energiulad mohkida xeli qarTuli enis Seswav-
las, magram qarTulad mainc ver alaparakda...
CvenTan araqarTuli warmoSobis studentebic iyvnen, magram
maT ucxo Tesl-tomobisa ukve aRaraferi etyobodaT, qarTvelob-
dnen da pativs miagebdnen qarTul miwas. zogierTi maTgani dediT
qarTvelic ki iyo, zogs mxolod gvari SerCenoda araqarTuli.

22
aseTebi iyvnen quTaisis mkvidrni: fridrix gerardi, vano matiux-
ovi, vano misenko, fedia Cudecki, ruben auStrovi, franguliani,
amiragovi da alaverdovi; Tbiliselni: krupenikovi miSa, sandro
Saligini, polumordvinovi da sxvebi... amis gamo saTvistomoSi
mudam erovnulTan Sezrdili internacionaluri suliskveTeba
sufevda, romelic did rols asrulebda axalgazrdobis sulier
da zneobriv davaJkacebaSi. iq studentebi erT ojaxad cxovrobd-
nen, sadac erovnulsa da sarwmunoebriv sxvadasxvaobas raime mni-
Svneloba ar eniWeboda. es sinamdvileSi asec unda yofiliyo, ra-
dgan saTvistomos erT-erTi ZiriTadi mizani erTmaneTisadmi mate-
rialuri daxmareba da pativiscema iyo, rasac sulieri urTier-
Tobis damyarebac mosdevda Tan.
rodesac pirvelad saTvistomos krebaze mivedi, Tvalebi ami-
Wrelda amdeni qarTveli studentis erTad danaxviT. yvela iseTi
lamazi da axovani iyo, gegonebodaT, sagangebod arian SerCeul-
nio. maT umetesobas saxes wver-ulvaSi umSvenebda. ise wynarad
isxdnen krebaze, TiTqos ucxo da sapatio ojaxSi misuliyvnen
stumrad, Tanac darbaislurad baasobdnen zafxulSi gatarebul
dReebze. magram ai, erTxel rogor aenTo es dinji krebuli,
roca saqme erovnul sims Seexo da haerSi misi mtkivneuli JRera
gaisma.
sakiTxi exeboda saTvistomos saxelis Secvlas, rac TiTqos
imiT iyo nakarnaxevi, rom „qarTuli saTvistomo“ studentTa or-
ganizacias erovnulad zRudavda da xels uSlida qarTuli enis
armcodne an araqarTveli studentis Cvens wreSi Semosvlas, miu-
xedavad imisa, rom mas gimnazia saqarTveloSi daemTavrebina da
qarTvel studentebTan surda muSaoba.
am sakiTxis irgvliv didi dava atyda.
saqme isaa, rom im dros yovelive „erovnuli“ „revoluciisa“
Tu „proletarulisaTvis“ xelis SemSlelad iTvleboda, amitom
bevri cdilobda erovnuli sakiTxebisadmi mtrulad Tu ara, nihi-
listurad mainc yofiliyo ganwyobili. am ultramemarcxeneebs
xsenebul sakiTxSi liderobdnen Zveli studentebi: evgeni gegeW-
kori _ SemdegSi ultranacionalisti, menSevikuri mTavrobis sa-
gareo saqmeTa ministri; giorgi koniaSvili – SemdegSi maTemati-
kis maswavlebeli, SesaniSnavi adamiani da kargi qarTveli; andro
tatiSvili, gizo anjafariZe, v.nemsaZe, samson wuwunava, sio Wan-
turiSvili da sxvebi. magram krebis umravlesobam mxari ar dau-
Wira maT. gansakuTrebiT cxared SeebrZola maT studenti silo-
van gabunia, romelic amtkicebda, rom araqarTvelTa masiuri gae-
rTianeba qarTul saTvistomoSi marto im mosazrebiT, rom maT
gimnaziebi saqarTveloSi daemTavrebinaT, mizanSewonili ar iyo
da xels SeuSlida saTvistomos muSaobas wminda erovnul, kult-
urul-saganmanaTleblo da ideur-politikur sakiTxebSi, studen-
tTa erovnul niadagze gaerTianebas da maTi erovnuli sakiTxeb-
iT dainteresebas. saTvistomo dakargavda Tavis erovnul saxes
da mTlad gaiTqvifeboda, rac aravisTvis ar iyo saWiro, miT uf-
ro saziano iqneboda qarTvelTaTvis. silovan gabunias mxari
dauWires studentebma, romlebmac mZafri kritikiT gailaSqres
antierovnuli sakiTxebis winaaRmdeg. maT Soris iyvnen giorgi
Jordania, giorgi foraqiSvili, severian RoRoberiZe da sxvebi.

23
 erTi sityviT, winadadeba ar gavida da saTvistomo kvlav
imave saxelwodebiT darCa.
silovan gabunia kolorituli figura iyo moskovis qarTvel
studentTa Soris.
im wels, roca me moskovSi Cavedi, silovani ukve Zveli stu-
denti gaxldaT. 1902 wels, quTaisis gimnaziis damTavrebis Semd-
eg, is moskovis universitetis iuridiul fakultetze Sesuliyo,
magram kursis damTavrebaze sulac ar zrunavda, imdenad iyo dak-
avebuli qarTuli saTvistomos sazogadoebrivi saqmianobiTa da
studentTa saerTo revoluciuri muSaobiT. is amasTanave „mosko-
vis qarTuli sazogadoebis“ aqtiuri wevri, mraval wamowyebaTa
sulisCamdgmel-xelmZRvanelic iyo, amitom universitetSi gamoc-
debis CabarebisaTvis ar ecala. aq mas xels uwyobda universite-
tSi im dros arsebuli swavlis e.w. „predmetna%“ sistema: studen-
ti Caewereboda leqciebze, rac aucileblad unda moesmina wlis
ganmavlobaSi, magram daeswreboda Tu ara am leqciebs, es misi
saqme iyo, mTavaria, gamocdebi da koloqviumebi Caebarebina am
sagnebSi. gamocdis vadebic studentis survilze iyo damokidebu-
li da ise gaepareboda xolme dro, sagnebis Cabareba Zalaunebu-
rad unda gadaedo. warmoidgineT, arc amisaTvis mogTxovdnen pa-
suxs, radgan kursidan kursze gadasvla ar xdeboda; mxolod im
leqciebis mosmena iyo saWiro, romelic saerTo kurss Seadgenda,
ufro ki leqciebis Cawera; es leqciebi ise iyo ganawilebuli,
rom students oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi SeeZlo maTi mosmena _
yovel weliwads garkveuli raodenobis saaTebi. Tu sxvadasxva
mosazrebiT nakleb leqcias Caiwerdi, amazec aravin mogTxovda
pasuxs, magram kursis damTavrebisaTvis oTxi weliwadi ukve aRar
geyofoda. iyo iseTi SemTxvevebic, rodesac studentebi, piriqiT,
_ 4 welze ufro adre amTavrebdnen universitets. ase moiqca, mag-
aliTad, Cemi umcrosi Zma aleqsandre, romelic 1913 wels Cavida
moskovs, sami wlis ganmavlobaSi iuridiul fakultetze Caabara
yvela savaldebulo sakurso sagani, 1916 wels ki saxelmwifo ga-
mocdebic moaTava. oRond saxelmwifo gamocdebis Cabarebis ufl-
ebis misaRebad peterburgSi ganaTlebis ministrTan daWirda was-
vla.
esec savsebiT Tqvens nebaze iyo damokidebuli da amis gamo
aravin ar dagiwyebdaT davas. SegeZloT Tund aTi weliwadic da-
rCeniliyaviT universitetSi, Tuki wesierad gadaixdidiT swavlis
fuls, romelic weliwadSi as maneTs Seadgenda. magam verc es
garemoeba aSinebda students, radgan is xSirad Tavisufldeboda
gadasaxadidan, Tu saTanado gancxadebas Seitanda „studentTa
damxmare komitetSi“ an TviT universitetis reqtoratSi da Tan
qarTuli saTvistomos Suamavlobasac daixmarda, reqtoratSi ki
yovel Soba-axalwels zogierT moskovel bobola vaWars aTaso-
biT da xSirad aTiaTasobiTac mohqonda Semowiruloba „Rarib
studentTa swavlis fulisagan gasaTavisufleblad (,,ot neizvest-
njx“). me ar maxsovs, rom romelime qarTveli studenti swavlis
fulis Seutanlobis gamo universitetis gareT darCeniliyo.
uTuod am mizezis gamo darCa silovani universitetSi ase
didxans. mxolod 1910 wels SeZlo misi damTavreba da didad
guldawyvetilma datova moskovi, romelsac ase mieCvia mTeli
rva wlis ganmavlobaSi.

24
 silovani didi demokrati iyo: mTeli guliTa da suliT, siy-
varuliTa da mondomebiT exmareboda axalgazrda studentobas.
da am daxmarebas Tavis sulier moTxovnilebad da patriotul
movaleobad miiCnevda.
1908 wels, akakis winasaiubileo dReebSi, qarTulma saTvis-
tomom, poetis cxovrebisa da Semoqmedebis gaSuqebis mizniT, saga-
ngebo literaturuli saRamos mowyoba ganizraxa. amasTanave sa-
Wirod cno mgosnis leqsTa krebulis rusul enaze gamocema, ro-
melic adre dabeWdili ki iyo, magram ukve bibliogrfiul iSvia-
Tobas warmoadgenda. rogorc movelodiT, am sakiTxis mogvareba
saTvistomom silovan gabunias miando. silovanma am saqmeSi me da
Cemi Zmac Cagvaba da, miuxedavad Cveni mravali mcdelobisa, sxva-
dasxva Jurnal-gazeTebidan mxolod aTiode leqsis moZieba Tu
SevZeliT. wignis gamosacemad ki es namdvilad ar kmaroda. silo-
vanma saWirod miiCnia me da griSas akakis rusulad uTargmneli
leqsebis bwkaredebi gagvekeTebina, raTa mere romelime rusi poe-
tisTvis gveTargmninebina. male am davalebis mosagvareblad, si-
lovanTan erTad, stoleSnikovis SesaxvevSi, saerTo megobars _
vladimer aleqsis Ze giliarovskis ojaxSi vewvieT. vladimer
aleqsis Ze – SesaniSnavi adamiani, poeti, Jurnalisti, sportsmeni,
didad popularuli gaxldaT moskovelTa Soris. maspinZlis meu-
Rle da im dros qalTa gimnaziis mowafe – maTi erTaderTi qali-
Svili nadeJda giliarovskaia gulRiad Segvxvdnen, gagvimaspinZl-
dnen.
vladimerma did pativiscemad CaTvala Cveni Txovna, eTargmna
akakis leqsebi da amis gamo didi madlobac uTxra Tavis Zvel
megobars silovans. akakis is icnobda, rogorc did poetsa da
qarTveli eris erT-erT TvalsaCino moRvawes.
ramdenime leqsi Targmnes vladimerma da misma qaliSvilma
nadeJdam, maT Soris „saidumlo baraTi“, „sanam viyav axalgazr-
da“, „Tavo Cemo“, „naxevari cxovrebis gza gavlie“ da sxva, rac
silovanma akakis ukve Sekrebil leqsebs miumata da momavali
wignis maketic gaakeTa.
giliarovskebTan orjer-samjer kidev dagvWirda Sevla, rom
mTargmnelebs Cvengan qarTuli originalis musikaluri JRerado-
ba moesminaT, raTa ritmi SeedarebinaT maT mier Targmnili masa-
lisaTvis. Semdeg saTvistomom miiRo momavali wignis saWiro mas-
ala, romelsac daerTo prof. al.xaxanaSvilis mSvenieri winasi-
tyvaoba da akakis saRamosaTvis wignic ukve mzad iyo. raRac
iRblad im wignis erTi egzempliari dRemde SemomrCa. is axla
bibliografiul iSviaTobas warmoadgens. amitom zogierTi dama-
tebiTi cnoba kidev minda mogawodoT mis Sesaxeb: wignis zomaa
20x15 sm. ydaze asea dabeWdili: „Gruzinskiy po+t kn.Akakiy
Cereteli. Izbrannje stixotvoreni% v perevode russkix po+tov. ( K
p%tides%tiletih literaturnoy de%tel>nosti). S predisloviem A.S.
Xaxanova. Izdanie studentov-gruzin v Moskve, N 1, Moskva, 1908 g.“
wignSi moTavsebulia akakis portreti da 19 leqsi. rogorc
zemoT vwerdi, Svidi giliarovskebis mier aris Targmnili. saTvi-
stomos gamgeobam specialuri dadgenilebiT madloba gamoucxada
silovan gabunias davalebis brwyinvaled SesrulebisaTvis.
akakis iubile moskovSi imave saTvistomos mier grandiozul-
ad Catarda. vityvi mxolod imas, rom igi Sedga universitetis

25
did saaqto darbazSi, romelic saucxood, sadResaswaulod iyo
morTuli, kedels akakis didi suraTi amSvenebda. saTvistomo Se-
ecada zeimisaTvis meti brwyinvaleba mieniWebina, risTvisac saRa-
moze dasaswrebad didZali xalxi moiwvia, umTavresad mwerlebi
da TvalsaCino sazogado moRvaweni. literaturuli saRamos Tav-
mjdomared taSis grialSi erTxmad airCies moskovis universite-
tis profesori p.n.sakulini, metad popularuli leqtori da ru-
suli literaturis didi specialisti. man vrceli sityva warmo-
Tqva qarTveli poetis udidesi mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb rogorc mi-
si eris, aseve, sazogadod, kulturis istoriaSi. aseve vrceli
moxsenebiT gamovida prof. al.xaxanaSvili, Semdeg kompozitori
dimitri arayiSvili. saRamoze mxurvale sityvebi warmoTqves aq-
tiurma studentebmac: kote faniaSvilma, siko vaCnaZem, grigol
cxakaiam, giorgi Jordaniam da sxvebma. iyo misaloci depeSebic,
maT Soris universitetis reqtoris a.a.manuilovisa. saRamo Cveu-
lebriv koncertiT damTavrda. mReroda qarTuli gundic, rome-
lsac lotbarobda studenti dimitri mgalobliSvili. studentma
iliko abaSiZem Celoze Seasrula qarTuli romansebi. waikiTxes
akakis leqsebi rogorc qarTul, ise rusul enebze.
erTi sityviT, akakis iubile metad gulTbilad da Cinebu-
lad Catarda. iubilars saTvistomos mTeli qarTveli studento-
bisa da damswre rusi sazogadoebis saxeliT misaloci depeSa
gaegzavna, romelsac profesori sakulini awerda xels.
meore dRes, akakis saiubileo saRamo ukve moskovis „salite-
raturo-samxatvro wreSi“ gaimarTa, romelsac al.sumbaTaSvil-iu-
Jini da poeti valeri briusovi meTaurobdnen. aqac didi iyo sa-
zeimo ganwyoba, magram es Cveni saTvistomos muSaobas ar Seexeba
da amitom aq aRar SevCerdebi.
aRvniSne ukve, rom saTvistomoebi universitetSi pirvel rig-
Si studentTa materialuri daxmarebis saqmes emsaxurebodnen da
maTi umravlesoba mxarisa Tu qalaqis mixedviT iyo organizebu-
li. qarTuli saTvistomo ki erovnulobis niSniT iyo Seqmnili,
ris gamoc is erTgvari warmomadgenelic iyo Tavisi erisa rog-
orc universitetis farglebSi, ise mis gareT. Tu erovnuli inte-
resebi ukarnaxebda, saTvistomo xSirad exmaureboda universite-
tis gareT mimdinare kulturul, politikur Tu sazogadoebrivi
mniSvnelobis movlenebs da saTanado monawileobasac iRebda. am
mimarTebiT Cvens saTvistomos araerTi mniSvnelovani RonisZieba
Cautarebia, sadac mec vmonawileobdi. marto is rad Rirs, rom
saTvistomom 1910 wlis Semodgomis yinvian dReebSi genialuri
mwerlisa da didi meamboxis lev tolstois dakrZalvis ceremo-
nialSi miiRo monawileoba.
1907 wels moskovSi Catarda gamoCenili msaxiobisa da mwer-
lis aleqsandre sumbaTaSvil-iuJinis Teatraluri moRvaweobis 25
wlis iubile. saTvistomo farTod gamoexmaura am movlenas, spe-
cialur sxdomaze erTxmad daadgina iubileze delegaciis gag-
zavna da iubilarisaTvis adresis mirTmeva. vinaidan delegatebi
speqtakls unda daswrebodnen, xolo bileTebis raodenoba Sez-
Ruduli iyo, delegaciaSi mxolod sami wevri agvirCies – me, Cemi
Zma griSa da Zveli studenti severian RoRoberZe.

26
 mcire Teatri, rom ityvian, xalxiT iyo „gajejgili“. midio-
da „otelo“, romelsac TamaSobda iubilari, dezdemonas rols
ki cnobili msaxiobi qali – gzovskaia asrulebda.
milocvebi pirveli Tu meore moqmedebis Semdeg daiwyo. far-
da rom aixada, mayurebels iSviaTi suraTi warmoudga. Teatris
mTeli Semadgenloba scenaze gamofeniliyo, zogi grimiT, zogi
ugrimod. a.i.sumbaTaSvil-iuJini otelos grimiT gaxldaT. iyo
dausrulebeli taSi. delegacia delegacias cvlida. sityvebs bo-
lo ar uCanda. mihqondaT saCuqrebi. visgan ar modioda molocva!
cnobilma frangma moqandakem rodenma Tavisi namuSevari gamoug-
zavna, lev tolstoim – TxzulebaTa krebuli, romelsac madli-
eri iubilari mowiwebiT eambora.
saqarTvelos delegacias qulajaSi gamowyobili msaxiobi
kote mesxi meTaurobda. didi ovacia gamoiwvia misma sityvam. man
kargad waikiTxa erT-erTi rusi poetis leqsi, sakuTari sityva ki
ase daasrula: „...Pust> nikto ne ska[et, qto tj izmenil rodnoy
scene, ibo tvo% „Izmena“ isklhqaet vs%kuh izmenu!...“
grigaliviT moswyda taSi darbazs...
Cveni gamosvlac mSvenivrad dasrulda. severianem mTeli gz-
nebiT waikiTxa sakmaod mozrdili adresi Cveni saTvistomosi. me
da griSa erTnair Coxa-axaluxSi gamowyobilni aqeT-iqiT vedeqiT
mas. darbazi gakvirvebiT mogvCereboda sameuls, romelTagan ori
mTlad erTnairi iyo, mesame ki _ studentur serTukSi gamowyobi-
li axovani axalgazrda, romlis lamaz saxes Ria wablisferi
wver-ulvaSi amSvenebda. taSis griali Cvenc uxvad gvergo da
didxans ar cxreboda igi. yvelgan qarTvel studentTa saTvisto-
mos qeba ismoda. Canda, kargi STabeWdileba movaxdineT mayure-
belze. gazeTebi farTod gamoexmaurnen a.sumbaTaSvil-iuJinis iu-
biles; erT-erT maTganSi aseTi megobruli SarJic iyo moTavsebu-
li: uzarmazari iuJini – otelos rolSi da CitiviT frTxiala
patara gzovskaia – dezdemonas rolSi. SarJis teqsti daaxlo-
ebiT aseTi iyo: „Otello H[ina, ili wawljk iz Gzovskoy“. „SaSli-
kis“ Tema mxatvars SeiZleba imanac ukarnaxa, rom iuJinis „iubi-
le“ im Rames gagrZelda demetraZis restoranSi, sadac saqarTve-
lodan Camosulma delegatebma, da gansakuTrebiT kote mesxma,
pirdapir moxibles am did banketze myofi sazogadoeba. mcire
Teatris cnobilma msaxiobma k.ribakovma yvelas misamarTiT gai-
xumra: dReidan me konstantin ribakovi aRara var, yvelam kote
TevzaZe miwodeTo...
al.sumbaTaSvil-iuJini didi popularobiT sargeblobda mos-
kovSi. garda imisa, rom mcire Teatris wamyvani msaxiobi da cno-
bili mwerali-dramaturgi iyo, iSviaTi garegnobis axovani vaJ-
kaci da namdvili mWevrmetyvelic gaxldaT.
erTxel, ilia WavWavaZis Semoqmedebisadmi miZRvnil saRamoze
man metad amaRelvebeli sityva warmoTqva, da mere leqsic daayo-
la: „S tex por, kak % polhbil, o Gruzi% rodna%“. es imdenad
grZnobiT iyo naTqvami, rom cremlebi moadga da Cvenc Zalze
agvaRelva.
qarTuli zereled icoda da, miuxedavad imisa, rom gimnazia
TbilisSi hqonda damTavrebuli, laparaki ar exerxeboda. maxsovs,
ninoobis sadResaswaulo banketze, sadac qarTveloba iyo TavSey-
rili da studentebic veswrebodiT, sTxoves qarTulad warmoeT-

27
qva sityva, daiwyo kidec, magram azrebis gamoTqma imdenad uWir-
da, rom bodiSi moixada da isev rusulze gadavida. Zalian uyvar-
da rusulad Targmnili qarTuli leqsebis kiTxva. isic maxsovs,
Tu ra iSviaTi grZnobiT waikiTxa akakis „Uljbka“, („Kogda %
okru[en... “).
aseTive aqtiuri monawileoba miiRo qarTulma saTvistomom
moskovis samxatvro Teatris 10 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnil saiubi-
leo saRamoSi 1908 wels. adresis Sedgena saTvistomom student-
ebs – silovan gabunias da mixeil daviTaSvils daavala, rac or-
Tavem droulad da kargad Seasrula. silovani mSvenieri mWerme-
tyveli gaxldaT da amasTanave rusul enasac Cinebulad flobda,
emarjveboda sityvis warmoTqma, galamazeba.
magram male maT TavianTi gamosvlis leqsad Camoyalibeba
moindomes da sakuTar Tavs rom ver endvnen, daxmarebisaTvis isev
Cvens megobar poet qals nadeJda vladimeris asul giliarov-
skaias mimarTes. leqsi marTlac kargi gamovida. igi sul xuTi
strofisagan Sedgeboda da saTaurad aseTi sityvebi hqonda: „Ot
Moskovskogo Gruzinskogo studenqeskogo zeml%qestva. Moskovskomu
Xudo[estvennomu teatru po povodu 10-letnego hbile%. 14 okt%br%
1908 goda.
Mj – deti Gruzii dalekoy
Ot vsey duwi prinosim Vam
Poklon poqtitel>njy, glubokiy
Iskusstva slavnogo [recam.
Vj xram vozdvigli soverwennjy,
Vj [izn> na scenu prinesli,
I novjy [ertvennik sv%\ennjy
Rukoh smeloh za[gli.
I verim mj, - tot fakel %snjy,
Qto %rko zdes>, v Moskve gorit.
Naw hg svobodnjy, hg prekrasnjy
Otqiznu nawu ozarit.
Cvetu\ey Gruzii dolinj,
Almazj cepi snegovoy
Blest%\ix lednikov ravninj
Bezdonnjx propastey pokoy.
Potoki burnje, obvalj,
Orlov zaoblaqnjx priht,
Tuman sedoy, sedje gorj
Vam qerez nas poklon svoy wlht. “
es leqsi TviTon mixeil daviTaSvilma gadmomca jer kidev
30-ian wlebSi. igi misive xeliT iyo dawerili da patara SeniSv-
nebic erTvoda imis Taobaze, Tu vin Seadgina es leqsi da vin
waikiTxa iubileze. mixeili gardacvalebamde TbilisSi, saavadm-
yofoSi, mTavar eqimad muSaobda.
Semonaxuli mqonda kote mesxis mier sumbaTaSvil-iuJinis iu-
bileze warmoTqmuli leqsic, magram, samwuxarod, veRar vipove.
is leqsi didi mowonebiT sargeblobda Cvens studentobaSi da,
merec, araerTxel miumarTavT misTvis sxvadasxva saWiroebis
dros. erTxel, 1916 wels, roca foTSi vmuSaobdi, aseTi depeSa
momivida: „Telegrafiruy stixotvorenie hbiley Sumbatova. Po kray-
ney mere kuplet Revnu%. Silovan“.
es silovan gabunias depeSa iyo Tbilisidan, sadac igi imave
mondomebiT ganagrZobda sasargeblo moRvaweobas da, albaT, raR-
28
ac saqmeze dasWirda aRniSnuli leqsi. mec siamovnebiT vudepeSe
leqsis is striqonebi, rac zepirad maxsovda.
silovani Tbilisis erT-erT advokaturaSi muSaobda da did
daxmarebas uwevda misi kuTxidan Camosul glexebs sasamarTlos
saqmeebSi. gardaicvala 40-ian wlebSi ise, rom daojaxebac ver
moaswro. piradi saqmisaTvis ver moicala am yovlad uangaro
adamianma; kupleti, romelsac is moiTxovda, mxolod nawilobriv
maxsovs: „I Gruzi%, lhb%, revnu%, wlet privet.“
qarTuli saTvistomos mier iubileze gagzavnil delegaci-
aSi sami studenti SevdiodiT: daviT gagua, akaki faRava da me.
leqsi daviT gaguam waikiTxa da SesaniSnavadac, magram imis gamo,
rom Cvenamde sul raRac naxevari saaTis win Teatrs Saliapinma
miuloca da umRera, TiTqos Cven raRa unda gamovCeniliyaviT.
Tumca, miuxedavad amisa, leqsis lamazma Sinaarsma moxibla msme-
nelebi da namdvili furori movaxdineT, rasac adasturebda
gazeT „Utro Rossii“-is saiubileo reportaJSi moTavsebuli lama-
zi „komplimenti“: „Studentj-gruzinj, _ ewera iq, _ prislali delega-
cih iz prekrasnjx predstaviteley svoey prekrasnoy nacii.“ es, ra
Tqma unda, sasixarulo iyo studentebisaTvis da Cvenc vcdilob-
diT kidev ufro gagveTqva saqarTvelosaTvis saxeli.
speqtaklis damTavrebis Semdeg migviwvies kabareSi romelsac
„letuCaia miS“ ewodeboda. is, mgoni, imave samxatvro Teatrs
ekuTvnoda. saRamo Zalze mxiarulad Catarda. igi mihyavda imave
Teatris metad niWier msaxiobs–balievs, warmoSobiT vgoneb Tbi-
lisel somexs, SesaniSnavi garegnobisa da maxvili enis patrons.
yoveli misi sityva did mxiarulebasa da xarxars iwvevda. litve-
li poeti da literatori baltruSaitisi patara leqsiT gamovi-
da da mxurvale taSic daimsaxura. sufrasTan rom ijda, balievma
xmamaRla mogvmarTa: “Dorogie gosti, ne stesn%ytes>, baltruwaytes>
na zdorov>e!“.. baltruSaitisi moridebuli da morcxvi axalgazr-
da iyo da, roca misi gvari saxumarod gamoiyenes, man kidev ufro
daircxvina.
amgvarad, Cveni saTvistomo moskovis universitetSi saqarTve-
los „sruluflebian elCs“ warmoadgenda. igi ar hgavda „qarTve-
lTa sazogadoebas“, romlis wevrebi ukve swavladamTavrebulni
da muSaobaSi Cabmulni iyvnen.
qarTuli saTvistomo mSobliuri mzrunvelobis erTgvar mad-
lsac gvaziarebda da gvaswavlida sakuTari eris siyvaruls, sxva
xalxTa pativiscemasac gvinergavda, akakis leqsis striqonebisa
ar iyos: „Cemi xatia samSoblo, saxate – mTeli qveyana“. es gvma-
tebda sulier simaRles, sidarbaislesa da keTilSobilebas. ami-
tomac qarTvelis saxels TvalisCiniviT vufrTxildebodiT da
vcdilobdiT ucxo xalxSi da qveyanaSi ar SegvebRala Cveni eris
avtoriteti da Rirseba.
me da Cemma Zmam qarTuli mxatvruli prozis nimuSebis Targ-
mna rom gadavwyviteT, raRac idumali biZgi saTvistomodanac mo-
dioda. marto is rad Rirda, rom saTvistomo studentTa Soris
namdvil megobrul urTierTobas da Zmur kavSirs ganamtkicebda,
qmnida erTsulovan ojaxs. rasakvirvelia gamonaklisis saxiT er-
Teuli „Cavardnebic“ iyo xolme. erTxel saTvistomos krebaze
(ar maxsovs ra sakiTxis gamo) silovan gabuniasa da Salva mesxi-
Svils Soris „magari Setakeba“ moxda. silovanma duelSi gamoiw-

29
via Salva, Zlivs daaSoSmines isini. maxsovs, karikaturac davxate
am Temaze. krebis Tavmjdomare leo naTaZe iyo.
saTvistomo qarTul saRamo-koncertebsac marTavda, romelic
Semosavlis wyaroc iyo da erovnuli Seferilobis Cveni SesaZ-
leblobebis, unaris, niWis demonstrirebac. 1906 wels, roca me
moskovSi Cavedi, saTvistomom ukve ricxviT ocdameore „tradici-
uli qarTuli saRamo“ moawyo. saRamo al. sumbaTaSvil-iuJinis
saxeliT imarTeboda: „XXII tradicionnjy gruzinskiy veqer ustra-
ivaemjy kn.Sumbatovjm-H[injm vo vsex zalax Blagorodnogo Sobra-
ni%“ _ gvauwyebda afiSa. bileTebi ucbad saRdeboda, romlis na-
wili sapatio pirTaTvis inaxeboda. am bileTebs mosawvev baraTe-
bTan erTad gansakuTrebulad pativsacem profesorebs mivutand-
iT xolme: reqtor manuilovs, proreqtorebs: menzbirs, kliuCevsk-
is, umovs, lebedevs, kablukovsa da a.S. agreTve qalaqis Tavs da
bobola komersantebs, romlebic did pativad miiCnevdnen „Tavad
sumbatov-iuJinis“ mier mirTmeul mosawvev baraTs da xSirad did
fulsac iZleodnen xolme. es iyo maTi wvlili qarTvel studen-
tTa daxmarebis fondisaTvis. TviTon al.sumbaTaSvil-iuJins, miu-
xedavad imisa, rom saRamos momwyobi iyo, saTvistomos salaroSi
Tavis mxriv yovelTvis Semohqonda 100 maneTi.
imave 1906 wlis koncertze T.i.Saliapinsac vTxoveT monawi-
leoba da, miuxedavad imisa, rom mas Zalze ar uyvarda saqvelmo-
qmedo saRamoebze gamosvla, mainc dagvTanxmda da, roca afiSaze
misi saxeli ixiles, zRva xalxi mogvawyda. maSin saerTo Semosa-
valma Svidi aTasamde miaRwia. marTalia, gasavalic didi iyo, ma-
gram salaroSi Tanxa imdeni darCa, ramdenic manamde, Turme,
arasdros yofila.
qarTuli saRamoebi didi zeimisa da aRfrTovanebis viTare-
baSi tardeboda. auarebeli xalxi eswreboda da mudam karg STa-
beWdilebas tovebda.
„keTilSobilTa sakrebulos“ (dRes profkavSirebis svetebia-
ni saxli) vrceli da feSenebeluri darbazebi savse iyo elegan-
turi adamianebiT. scenaze gamodiodnen cnobili msaxiobebi, qar-
Tvel studentTa TviTmoqmed momReralTa gundebi. damswreni ec-
nobodnen qarTul samyaros, da, rac mTavria, qarTvel studen-
tebs, romlebic amarTlebdnen im karg STabeWdilebas, rac maTze
hqondaT. Cvenc vecnobodiT iq mosul rus axalgazrdebs da Cvens
urTierTdamokidebulebaSi mtkicdeboda namdvili megobrobis
grZnoba.
es saRamoebi imiTac iyo aRsaniSnavi, rom Tavs uyrida mosko-
vis mTel qarTvelobas: muSa iyo is Tu inteligenti, moswavle
Tu mosamsaxure, isini xvdebodnen Tanamemamule studentebs, amya-
rebdnen maTTan megobrul, Zmur da saqmian kavSirs.
qarTul saRamoebze araerTxel minaxavs xanSi Sesuli mamaka-
ci jibilo lorTqifaniZe, romelic mouravad muSaobda moskovis
axlos zvenigorodis mazraSi, sadac olRa gruzinskaias iqaur
mamulebs ganagebda. ar SeiZleboda dahkleboda igi qarTul saRa-
moebs da ar daemSvenebina Tavisi iSviaTi garegnobiTa da Zveli
qarTuli yurTmajebiani Coxa-axaluxiT. iSviaTi Sesaxedaobis vaJ-
kaci iyo, maRali, mxarbeWiani, tanwerweta da lamazi, wablisferi,
WaRaraSereuli wver-ulvaSiTa da swori, mimzidveli klasikuri
saxis nakvTebiT. am kacs erTi nakli hqonda: 25 weli cxovrobda

30
ruseTSi da xeiriani rusuli laparaki ver eswavla, iseTi,
rogoric mis aristokratul garegnobas Seefereboda. ra kargi
iqneboda, jibilo, munji rom yofiliyavi, _ uTxra erTxel xum-
robiT misma erTma megobarma amis gamo.
erTi iSviaTi qarTvelic maxsovs Cvens saRamoze. ar vici, ra
mizeziT, an ra mizniT iyo igi moskovSi Camosuli, magram xalxis
gaocebas sazRvari ar hqonda, roca es namdvili goliaTi dai-
naxa. jibilosTan ver movidoda, magram sxvafriv iSviaTi vaJkaci
iyo. xalxSi rom davinaxe, megona, mxrebze ayvanili mohyavT-meTqi.
es leCxumeli aznauri vaRuria Ciqovani iyo.
imave qarTul saRamoze sxva ucnob qarTvelTa Soris me da
griSam erTi axalgazrda oficeri arsen lomaZec gavicaniT. igi
lamazi, SavTvalwarba da moxdenili tanis axalgazrda iyo, ula-
nTa oficris forma kidev ufro alamazebda da amSvenebda mas.
ramdenime xnis Semdeg arseni me da griSas Sin gvewvia da qorwi-
lSi dagvpatiJa. dapatiJebulTa Soris prof. al.xaxanaSvilic
gaxldaT. daTqmul dros samiveni erTad mivediT da kargi droc
gavatareT. arsenma SesaniSnavi megobari SeiZina, germaneli bar-
telsis qali, romelic garegnobiTa da maRali suliT pirwavar-
dnili faustis gretheni iyo. saxelad margarita erqva. mamamisi
iohan bartelsi sul axalgazrda Camosuliyo germaniidan da
rogorc pur-funTuSeulis karg mcxobels, didi qonebac SeeZina.
presniaze volkovis SesaxvevSi sakuTari saxli hqonda, ori qali-
Svili da erTi vaJi hyavda. bartelss sakonditro did Semosa-
vals aZlevda da SesaniSnavad cxovrobda. sakonditro moTavsebu-
li iyo nikitskaias quCaze tveris bulvaris gadasakveTTan da ma-
Ralxarisxiani da metad gemrieli namcxvrebis wyalobiT momxma-
rebelTa Soris didi popularobiT sargeblobda. sakonditros
marTavda bartelsis ufrosi qaliSvili klara, romelic Tavisi
ojaxiT iqve meore sarTulze cxovrobda. me da Cemi Zma xSiri
stumrebi viyaviT am ojaxSi da erTi dRec rom ar mivsuliyaviT,
ueWvelad Semogvexmianebodnen da mogvikiTxavdnen xolme. tkbi-
lad cxovrobda ojaxi da yvela bedis madlieri iyo, magram dai-
wyo pirveli msoflio omi da bartelsebis bedic ukuRma datri-
alda. rogorc germanelebi, omis pirvelsave dReebSi daarbies da
warmoebac waarTves. revoluciis Semdeg arsen lomaZec col-Svi-
liT dabrunda saqarTveloSi, samxedro samsaxurs Tavi daaneba
da samoqalaqo saqmianobaSi Caeba. aq mas axlo naTesavebi hyavda
da, pirvel yovlisa, SesaniSnavi mSromeli Zmebi _ Tu ar vcdebi,
rva Tu aTi Zma, romelTagan erTi amerikaSic ki iyo namyofi. me
TiTqmis yvelas vicnobdi, puSkinis quCaze muSaobdnen rkineulo-
bis maRaziaSi da iSviaTi Zmoba hqondaT. guriaSic erTad cxov-
robda yvela. me isini arsenis saSualebiT gavicani da kmayofi-
lic viyavi aseTi kargi adamianebis gacnobiT da megobrobiT.
bartelsi mamac ewvia Svilebs TbilisSi da aqve gardaicva-
la 30-ian wlebSi. arseni da margarita siamtkbilobiT cxovrob-
dnen da kargi ojaxic Seqmnes. maTi Svilebidan vaJi cnobili ma-
Tematikosia, Tbilisis universitetis profesori.
qarTuli saRamoebi moskovSi, tradiciulad studentobisaT-
vis yovelwliurad rom ewyoboda, sakoncerto programebis nair-
ferobiT gamoirCeoda. me maTze aRar SevCerdebi. vaxseneb mxolod
erT sakmaod mniSvnelovan RonisZiebas, romelic 1913 wels gazaf-

31
xulze ordinkaze Caatara saTvistomom „maswavleblis saxlis“
did darbazSi. es iyo samganyofilebiani qarTuli speqtakli. pir-
velSi Catarda d.kldiaSvilis „darispanis gasaWiri,“ meoreSi –
„ubeduri dRe,“ anu vodevili erT moqmedebad, xolo mesameSi dai-
dga divertismenti.
mniSvnelovani RonisZieba imitom vuwode am saRamos, rom qar-
Tuli piesebi qarTul enazeve daidga da msaxiobebic qarTvelebi
iyvnen. darispanis rols TamaSobda valerian SalikaSvili, karoJ-
nas – natalia javaxiSvili, osikos – iuza zardaliSvili. warmo-
dgenaSi Cveni studentebic monawileobdnen: luba bregvaZe, marga-
rita dundua, aneta amiragova da sxva. divertismentSiac aseve
studentebi gamodiodnen: Tamar abaSiZe, nino sayvareliZe – qar-
Tuli romansebi, giorgi qarcivaZe – oTar-begis aria opera „Ra-
latidan“ da a.S. cekvebsac qarTveli diriJorobda _ maswavlebe-
li iason roiniSvili. es metad saintereso iyo da didi aRtace-
bac gamoiwvia moskovel qarTvelebSi, miT ufro, rom rusuli
sazogadoebidanac bevri daeswro da gaecno qarTul kulturas.
amiT erTgvari propaganda eweoda Cvens xelovnebas.
moskovis universitetSi qarTuli saTvistomo, rogorc erov-
nuli organizacia, erTgvari parlamentis rols asrulebda qar-
Tvel studentTa cxovrebaSi. amitom Cveni saTvistomos krebebze
rusi studentebic xSirad isxdnen xolme da usmendnen qarTvel
studentTa brwyinvale gamosvlebs. saTvistomos krebebi ZiriTa-
dad rusul enaze mimdinareobda, magram gamosvlebi qarTul ena-
zedac iyo. sakiTxebi umravles SemTxvevaSi mSvidobian viTa-
rebaSi ixileboda, wynarad, auRelveblad. maxsovs, mxolod erT-
xel gawyda moTminebis Zafi. es iyo 1907-1908 wlebSi, roca saTvis-
tomoSi prof. al.xaxanaSvilis sakiTxi irCeoda. profesorma 1906
wels Tavis kaTedraze lazarevis saxelobis aRmosavlur enaTa
institutSi Jandarmeriis mier gadasaTargmnad gamogzavnili „Ka-
vkazska% dru[ina“-s wevrTa werilebi miiRo. es wevrebi dapatimre-
bulni iyvnen. profesorma xaxanaSvilma, rogorc qarTuli enis
kaTedris gamgem, miiRo werilebi, radgan oficialur momarTvaze
uari ver Tqva da arc hqonda amis ufleba.
prof. xaxanaSvili metad pativsacemi pirovneba, patrioti da
Rirseuli moqalaqe iyo, magram saTvistomom mainc ar daindo da
aRniSnuli sakiTxis gamo pasuxi mosTxova. es ambavi saTvistomos
principulobaze da mis keTilsindisierebaze metyvelebda, mas ar
surda, rom qarTveli mecnierisa da moRvawis sufTa saxels Tun-
dac iotisodena Cirqi moscxeboda JandarmeriasTan urTierTobis
gamo, Tundac igi oficialuri da samsaxureobrivi yofiliyo.
es sakiTxi karga xans irCeoda saTvistomoSi da aRar maxs-
ovs, riT damTvrda.
ai, swored am sakiTxma gayo studentoba or jgufad da unda
genaxaT, axalgazrda oratorebi ra brwyinvaled, ra mWevrmetyve-
lurad gamodiodnen! ara mgonia, zogierT parlementSi ufro la-
mazsa da Sinaarsian gamosvlebs hqonoda adgili.
arasodes damaviwydeba maSindeli cxare kamaTi, Seupovari,
Tavdadebuli da gulwrfeli brZola. studentebi: silovan gabu-
nia, Salva mesxiSvili, grigol cxakaia, kote faniaSvili, giorgi
Jordania, giorgi koniaSvili, sergo danelia, aleqsandre kvita-
iSvili da sxvebi kaTedraze erTimeores cvlidnen, erTmaneTze

32
brwyinvale da Seupovrebi iyvnen! marTlac, raoden maRali, speta-
ki da keTilSobiluri suli trialebda im dros qarTvel stude-
ntTa Soris.
auditoriis ukana merxebze isxdnen da oratorebs gulmod-
gined usmendnen universitetis TanamSromlebi da rusi studen-
tebi.
miuxedavad gadaRlilobisa, saTvistomos krebebze arasodes
irRveoda parlamenturi wesrigi. mRelvarebam mxolod kidev erT-
xel ifeTqa silovanis istoriis Semdeg da imgvari simZafriT,
rom studentma aleqsandre kvitaiSvilma duelSi gamoiwvia erT-
erTi studenti. atyda qalTa gniasi da Zlivs daaSoSmines moqiS-
peni. es iyo saTvistomos krebis meore didi mRelvareba, rac Cems
dros moxda moskovSi.
saTvistomo, cxadia, aqtiurad Caeba 1905 wlis SeiaraRebul
gamosvlebSi, rac imaSi gamoixata, rom misi mTeli Semadgenloba
dadga barikadebze.
qarTvelma studentebma Camoayalibes e.w. „Kavkazska% dru[i-
na“-s ori razmi: erTi – vaso arabiZis, xolo meore _ student
valerian jafariZis meTaurobiT.
1906 wels, rodesac pirvelad Cavedi moskovis universitetSi,
ukve reaqciis periodi iyo da razmi, ra Tqma unda, aRar arsebo-
bda, magram ori-sami kaci mainc moqmedebda. eseni iyvnen studen-
tebi: nika kandelaki, noe cincaZe da kananovi, romlebic gaasamar-
Tla moskovis sasamarTlo palatam. braldebulT umniSvnelo
sasjeli gamoutanes da, Cvenda sasixarulod, darbazSive gaaTavi-
sufles.
1905 wlis mRelvare dReebis koSmari yvelam icoda moskovSi.
misi monawile qarTveli studentebi saTvistomos Rirseuli war-
momadgenlebi iyvnen: vaso arabiZe, valerian jafariZe, Tedo kapa-
naZe, gizo anjafariZe, vaso da nika kandelakebi, alioSa da sam-
son wuwunavebi, pavle mesxi, kote dandurovi, mixeil arjevaniZe
da sxva. isini SemdegSiac erTgulad iRvwodnen qveynis samsaxur-
Si.
qarTvel studentTa saTvistomos wevrTa uangaro moRvaweoba
sazogadoebriv sarbielze revoluciamdel ruseTSi Tavmosawoni,
Seumcdari moqmedebebiT amdidrebs Cveni inteligenciis saxe-
lovan istorias.

rac Cemi TvaliT minaxavs

qarTul mecnierul literaturaSi karga xania WeSmariteba-
daa miCneuli is, rom didi qarTveli geografi da mecnieri vaxu-
Sti batoniSvili moskovis universitetis erT-erTi damaarsebel-
Tagania.
amis utyuari dasturia v.gabaSvilis narkvevi „vaxuSti bagra-
tioni“ (Tbilisi, 1969 w.), moskovis universitetis revoluciamdel
studentTa zepiri gancxadebebi da, sulac, Cemi sakuTari TvaliT
nanaxi dafa.
1906 wels me da Cemi tyupiscali grigol jafariZe mosko-
vis universitetis reqtorTan erT-erTi morigi audienciis dros
universitetis Zveli Senobis saaqto darbazSi movxvdiT, sadac
is student axalgazrdobas Rebulobda. me da Cems Zmas, vidre re-
33
qtorTan sasaubrod SevidodiT, saSualeba mogveca es mrgvali,
mdidrulad gaformebuli darbazi dagveTvalierebina. reqtori am
dros adre misul studentebs esaubreboda.
erT adgilze, kedelTan sul axlos, myar kvarcxlbekze da-
dgmul marmarlos dafas movkari Tvali. davinteresdi, davakvir-
di da... iq grafikuli Wris TvalsazrisiT lamazad gaformebuli
– oqros varayiTa da arSiiT damSvenebuli universitetis damaar-
sebelTa saxelebi iyo oqros asoebiT amoWrili.
Sevavle Tvali Tu ara dafaze amoWril saxelebs, maSinve
TvalSi meca: “Gruzinskiy careviq Vaxuwti Vaxtangeeviq“. moulod-
nelobisagan ise davibeni, erTxans Tvalebs ar vujerebdi... kidev
ufro axlos mivedi, kidev wavikiTxe – erTxel, aTjer da... roca
davrwmundi, rom es namdvilad vaxuSti batoniSvili iyo da ara
sxva, saswrafod Cems Zmas vuxme. is Cemze metad aRafrTovana am
siurprizma, mklavSi xeli CamWida da sixarulisagan lamis xmama-
Rla Sehyvira:
_ xedav... vaxuSti vaxtangeeviCi... vaxuSti batoniSvili! magram
ratom „vaxtangeeviCi“ da ara „vaxtangoviCi“... ha, ras ityvi, lado?
saxelis amnairad warmoebul formas, rasakvirvelia, mec vxe-
davdi da mwyinda, rom „vaxtangoviCis“ magier dafas „vaxtange-
eviCi“ ewera.
magram gaxarebulni imiT, rom Cven – raWis Soreuli sofli-
dan Camosulma qarTvelma studentma Zmebma, aseTi ram „aRmovaCi-
neT“, amgvar lafsuss arad dagidevdiT im wuTSi da manam vakvir-
debodiT marmarilosvarayian memorialur dafas, vidre, bolos
da bolos, rigis mixedviT, reqtorTan ar SevediT sasaubrod.
moskovis universitetis damaarsebelTa Soris, vaxuSti ba-
toniSvilis garda, araerTi pirovnebis gvari da saxeli iyo amoW-
rili, magram isini ar damamaxsovrda. mxolod bundovnad aRmebeW-
da graf Suvalovis saxeli, romelic dafis boloSi ewera.
amis Semdeg didma drom ganvlo, TiTqmis 70 welma da, ai, Ju-
rnal „ciskris“ 1977 wlis ivlisis nomerSi valerian maWaraZis
werils vkiTxulob: „moskovis universitetis daarsebaSi qarTve-
lTa monawileobis sakiTxisaTvis“. cxadia, werilma saTaurSive
miipyro Cemi yuradReba. vifiqre, aq saqmis Rrma codniT, istori-
kosis maxvili TvaliT iqneba-meTqi axsnili is, rac bundovnad
vicodi an saerTod ar vicodi da kiTxvas Sevudeqi.
werili Tavidan bolomdis ramdenjerme gadavikiTxe da aRmo-
Cnda, rom igi ZiriTadad vaxuSti batoniSvilis pirovnebas exebo-
da, romelsac, avtoris azriT, Turme araviTari wvlili ar miuZ-
Roda moskovis universitetis daarsebis saqmeSi. am niadagze av-
tori cdilobda mkvlevar v.gabaSvilis didad sayuradRebo wig-
nis („vaxuSti bagrationi“) srul ignorirebas.
qarTuli kulturis istoriisa da, saerTod, Cveni xalxisaT-
vis imdenad mniSvnelovania es sakiTxi, rom am werilis upasuxod
datoveba dauSveblad miviCnie, amitom Cemi Tavi movaledac ki Cav-
Tvale, xma amemaRlebina da amiT, rogorc ityvian, meTqva SeubRa-
lavi, obieqturi simarTle, mimego „keisrisaTvis _ keisrisa“.
90 wlis kacs mimZims wera, magram, ra vqna, dumili ar SemiZ-
lia. amgvari ram rogor davtovo upasuxod!
pativcemuli valerian maWaraZe uaryofs moskovis universi-
tetis daarsebis saSviliSvilo saqmeSi vaxuSti batoniSvilis mo-

34
nawileobis saamayo faqts. igi am versias dausabuTeblad Tvlis
da imasac ambobs, TiTqos v.gabaSvili dayrdnobia araseriozul
masalebs, kerZod, korespondentTa werilebs da Zvel studentTa
pirad gancxadebebs.
v.maWaraZis azriT, vaxuSti bagrationi ar warmoadgenda iseT
figuras, romelic mxarSi amoudgeboda lomonosovs politikur
mowinaaRmdegeebTan brZolaSi – es erTi. meore, _ moskovis uni-
versitetis profili maSin iseTi iyo, rom vaxuStis ar SeeZlo
monawileoba mieRo iq, rogorc profesors; mesamec, vaxuStis ma-
terialuri mdgomareoba imdenad unugeSo iyo, rom mas ar ZaluZ-
da raime Tanxis gaReba universitetis daarsebis fondisaTvis. ma-
Sasadame, aqedan gamomdinare, is verc am saswavlo keris wevr-dam-
fuZnebelTa siaSi da verc memorialur dafaze moxvdeboda.
gamodis, rom vaxuSti bagrationis pirovnebis dacvis yvela
gza mogviWra valerian maWaraZem. mxolod is unda davijeroT, vi-
rwmunoT, rasac is ase daJinebiT amtkicebs. avtori memorialuri
dafis saerTod arsebobasac ki uaryofs; sxvas rom yvelafers
Tavi davaneboT, is namdvilad arsebobda da Tavisi TvaliT una-
xavT amave universitetis kursdamTavrebulebs: Cito kapanaZes,
lado jafariZes, aleqsandre javaxiSvils (SemdgomSi akademik-
oss) da amis Sesaxeb v.gabaSvilis werilSic naTlad da garkvevi-
Taa naTqvami.
waikiTxavs romelime qarTvelTmoZule v.maWaraZis am werils
da siamovnebiT miiCnevs sinamdviled, irwmunebs amas.
mereda, vis Wirdeba faqtebis ase gayalbeba, im Rvawlis igno-
rireba, did winapars – vaxuSti batoniSvils – universitetis da-
arsebis saqmeSi rom miuZRvis?
didi xania ar vyofilvar aRniSnul universitetSi da ar
vici, kidev arsebobs Tu ara es dafa, – magram Tu aRar arsebobs,
unda vivaraudoT, rom is ganzrax aris ganadgurebuli.
asea Tu ise, memorialuri dafa moskovis universitetSi namd-
vilad arsebobda. is Cemi TvaliT minaxavs. yvelafer amas me vac-
xadeb da vadastureb mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT Cemi sindisis, sam-
Soblos winaSe. amas me mavalebs mxolod samarTlianobis grZno-
ba, moqalaqeobrivi maRali Segneba da ara crupatriotoba.
imasac aRvniSnav, rom xsenebuli dafis naxvam Cemze da, rasa-
kvirvelia, Cems Zmazec, iseTi waruSleli kvali datova, rom Ta-
nakurselebTan da ufrosi Taobis studentebTan, agreTve – pro-
fesor-maswavleblebTan Sexvedrisas, sul amaze vlaparakobdi.
ase gansajeT, mSoblebsac da TviT umcros Zmebsac ki mivwe-
reT saqarTveloSi amis Taobaze. mokled, ar SeiZleboda am saama-
yo faqtis sasxvaTaSorisod miCneva da Cvenc xmamaRla vacxadeb-
diT mas.
moskovis universitetSi swavlis periodi yvelaze ubedniere-
si monakveTia Cems cxovrebaSi.
vamTavreb ra Cems werils, minda madlobac ki gadavuxado pa-
tivcemul valerian maWaraZes iqneb uneblieT WeSmaritebis gayal-
bebisaTvis, ramac 90 wels gadacilebul adamians saSualeba mom-
ca naTeli momefina am erT dros eWvSeutaneli faqtisaTvis. rame-
Tu es aris erovnuli saqme, romlis damaxinjebasac STamomavlo-
ba ar gvapatiebs. minda davarwmuno Jurnal „ciskris“ redaqcia,
rom, aseTi, TiTqosda, yovelmxriv dadasturebuli faqtis uaryo-

35
fisas meti sifrTxilis gamoCena marTebs. zogi, rac ar gaukeTe-
bia, imas iCemebs da Cven ra gvemarTeba! Tu Cveni mowinaaRmdegea,
aSkarad tendenciuri cru mowmisaTvisac ki yvela gza xsnilia.
sapirispiro azri cxraklitulSi iketeba. me araviTari mizani ar
mamoZravebs, garda simarTlisa da WeSmaritebis dadgenisa. am sak-
iTxze yvelas Segvtkiva guli da, rogorc am faqtis cocxalma
mxilvelma, minda daxmareba gavuwio momaval mkvlevarT.
vwuxvar, rom gamoucdelma axalgazrdam ver gaviTvaliswine
memorialuri dafis mniSvneloba, ar gadavwere mTeli is teqsti,
dafaze rom ewera da ar Semovunaxe STamomavlobas.
amnairad, sakiTxi vaxuSti bagrationis wvlilis Sesaxeb mos-
kovis universitetis daarsebis saqmeSi usafuZvlo ki ara, piri-
qiT, savsebiT dasabuTebulia da faqtebiT ganmtkicebuli.
erTi cocxali mowme xom mec var amisa, me, vinc es-esaa 90
wels gadavabije.
es is asakia, rodesac adamians tyuilic ki daejerebao.magram
tyuili ra sakadrisia, imave dafis oqros Suqi dResac minaTebs
gzas da Cems azrs, gonebas Tu sindiss simarTlisa da WeSmarite-
bis saqadageblad moZRvravs.

lev tolstois dakrZalvaze

sruli naxevari saukunea mas Semdeg, rac me da Cemma Zmam

grigolma monawileoba miviReT lev tolstois dakrZalvaSi. Cemi
mexsierebidan ormocdaaTma welmac ver waSala es dauviwyari am-
bavi. dResac guSindeliviT maxsovs yvelaferi.
im xanebSi me da grigoli moskovis universitetSi vswavlob-
diT.
mowadinebuli viyaviT, raRac iseTi ram gagvekeTebina, rac
xels Seuwyobda Cveni didi kulturis popularizacias. am mizniT
vTargmneT qarTvel mweralTa rigi Txzulebebi da gamoveciT
kidec.
dRes aseTi ram Cveulebriv saqmed gveCveneba, magram im dr-
os es mxolod erTeul gulSematkivarTa kerZo iniciativaze iyo
damokidebuli. mefis xelisuflebis erovnuli politika aseT en-
Tuziastebs aTasgvar dabrkolebas uqmnida da yovelmxriv uxSob-
da gzas.
Cveni Targmnili wignebi maSindeli imperiis mraval kuTxeSi
gavugzavneT bevr nacnobsa da megobars. bolos vifiqreT, ilia
WavWavaZis „glaxis naambobi“, romelic aseve gamoqveynebuli gvqo-
nda calke wignakad, didi rusi mwerlis lev tolstoisTvisac
migverTmia. darwmunebuli viyaviT, rom tolstoi, romelsac „ru-
seTis sindiss“ uwodebdnen, icnobda i.WavWavaZes, rogorc saxelo-
van qarTvel mweralsa da did sazogado moRvawes, saxelmwifo
sabWos erT-erT popularul wevrs, romelmac 1907 wels mowameob-
rivi gvirgvini daidga.
gadavwyviteT piradad vxlebodiT did mwerals iasnaia poli-
anaSi da, Tundac ramdenime wuTiT, dagveinteresebina qarTuli
kulturis sakiTxebiT. oriode sityvac gveTqva mis awmyosa da wa-
rsulze, tolstois yoveli sityva ki dawvrilebiT Cagvewera da
36
qarTuli sazogadoebis yuramde migvetana. mTel msoflioSi cno-
bilia, Tu rogor afasebdnen da ra did angariSs uwevdnen im dr-
os tolstois TiToeul sityvas.
maSin araferi vicodiT tolstois megobruli damokidebu-
lebis Sesaxeb mweral ilia nakaSiZesTan, samagierod, misi biog-
rafiidan gvaxsovda, rom is axalgazrdobaSi erTxans TbilisSi
cxovrobda, mogvianebiT ki guruli glexebis 1906 wlis revolu-
ciur gamosvlebsac gamoexmaura.
Cven es saqme miT ufro WkuaSi gvijdeboda, rom msgavsi maga-
liTebi mwerlis cxovrebaSi araerTi iyo. tolstoisTan mravali
mnaxveli midioda, gansakuTrebiT e.w. „tolstoelebi“, da bevri
maTgani mizansac aRwevda – mwerals piradad xvdebodnen da
esaubrebodnen. bolos, Cven gvqonda erTi kargi magaliTi mosko-
veli Tanakurseli amxanagis student aleqsandre cagareiSvilisa,
romelmac iasnaia polianaSi imogzaura da moinaxula didi mwe-
rali.
me da Cemi Zma winaswar vawyobdiT gegmebs: rogor mivsuliya-
viT „polianaSi“, rogor warvdgomodiT did mwerals da gangvec-
vifrebina igi Cveni araCveulebrivi fizikuri msgavsebiT.
Cven, marTlac, Zalian vgavdiT erTmaneTs da araTu moskovSi,
ase gasinjeT, xSirad Sinaurebs, mSoblebsac ki veSlebodiT da
ra gasakviri iqneboda, Tu didi mwerali da fsiqologi, romel-
sac Tavisi xangrZlivi sicocxlis manZilze bevri ram enaxa, Se-
saZlebelia, namdvilad dainteresebuliyo CveniT da ojaxis wev-
rebisaTvisac ki warvedgineT.
erTi sityviT, mtkiced gvqonda gadawyvetili tolstoisTan
Casvla da xelsayrel wuTs velodiT, rom Cveni ganzraxva sisru-
leSi mogveyvana. da ai, swored im xanebSi moskovis gazeTebma da-
beWdes sensaciuri ambavi, rom lev nikolozis Ze 28 oqtombers
diliT adre saxlidan gavida da ukan aRar dabrunebula. Tan me-
uRlis saxelze baraTi dautovebia, nu momZebniT... radgan, erTx-
el da samudamod, ganmartoebuli cxovreba gadavwyviteo. SeiZra
mTeli ruseTi. am ambavs moskovi Rrmad ganicdida. msoflios ga-
daswvda tolstois Sinidan wasvlisa da misi dakargvis ambavi.
axmaurdnen gazeTebi; yvelas mxolod es ucnauri gauCinareba
ekera pirze.
aRmoCnda, rom ramdenime dRis mgzavrobis Semdeg avadmyofi
tolstoi astapovoSi CamousvamT matareblidan da momakvdavi mo-
xuci rkinigzis sadguris ufrosis binaSi mouTavsebiaT. patara
sadguri astapovo, romlis arseboba bevrs arc gaegona, myis kul-
turuli kacobriobis yuradRebis centrSi moeqca. yvela astapo-
vos gaiZaxoda da avadmyofi geniosis bedze fiqrobda... bolos, 7
noembers gazeTebma mkiTxvelebs samgloviaro ambavi auwyes: „di-
lis 6 saaTze lev nikolozis Ze mSvidad gardaicvalao“.
momxdari viTarebis gamo moskovis yvela gazeTma Savi samg-
loviaro arSiebiT damatebiTi furclebi dabeWda, sadac didi
mwerlis ukanasknel dReebsa da wuTebze iyo moTxrobili. im dR-
es Teatrebma warmodgenebi Sewyvites; daiketa, agreTve, bevri saz-
ogadoebrivi dawesebuleba da saswavlebeli. universitetis stu-
dentobam dilidanve aseTi gancxadeba gamoakra: ,,iasnaia poliana-
Si mivdivarT yvelani da visac survili gaqvT, dResve siebSi Cae-
wereTo.“ saxeldaxelod mowveul krebaze axalgazrdebma gada-

37
wyvites, ra saxe da mimarTuleba miecaT am erovnuli glovisaT-
vis.
qalaqis mTeli policia fexze dadga.
saRamos 10 saaTze ramdenime aTasma studentma kurskis rkini-
gzis sadgurze moviyareT Tavi. darbazebsa da moedanze teva aRa-
raa. policielebi studentobas gzas uketaven, raTa ase bevrni ki
ara, nawil-nawil gauSvan iasnaia polianaSi. TviT „gradonaCal-
nikis“ TanaSemwe polkovniki modlic ki aqaa da yvelanairad cdi-
lobs mRelvare axalgazrdobis daSoSminebas.
matareblis gasvlamde ki sul cota dro rCeba. irgvliv ra-
Rac saSineli zedaxora da oromtrialia...
didi wvalebis mere me da griSa im satvirTo vagonSi movxv-
diT, riTac, Cveulebriv, saqoneli da cxenebi gadahyavT xolme.
aTasze meti Wabuki da qaliSvili gaWedila ociode aseT vagon-
Si... arc sinaTle, arc dasajdomi adgilebi, mxolod stearinis
sanTeli Tu bJutavs aqa-iq; skamebis magier, xis ganieri taxtia ke-
dlis erTi bolodan meoremde. magram axalgazrdoba iseTi Tav-
daviwyebiT mieSureba didi mwerlis dakrZalvaze, rom srulebiT
aRar Civis am mdgomareobas, oRond ki Tavis droze CaaRwios da-
niSnul adgils.
rogorc iqna, gaTenebisas CavediT sadgur kozlovo-zasekaSi,
romelic dRes iasnaia polianas saxels atarebs. aq unda davxv-
deT astapovodan wamosul matarebels, romliTac micvalebuli
unda Camoasvenon.
civa. miwa naadrevi TovliTaa dafaruli... gvezareba gareT
gamosvla, magram baqans gadaRma cecxli guzguzebs, Cvenc iqiT
miveSurebiT da momlodine xalxs vuerTdebiT. es iasnopolia-
neli glexebi arian; isini soflidan urmebiT Camosulan, raTa
sayvareli maswavleblis cxedars ukanaskneli pativi miagon. maT
transparanti uWiravT aseTi gulisamaCuyebeli warweriT: “Lev
Nikolaeviq! Pam%t> o tvoem dobre ne umret sredi nas, osirotevwix
krest>%n $snoy Pol%nj.“
aq arian tolstois ojaxis wevrebic, romelTac, raRac mize-
ziT, astapovoSi wasvla ver mouswriaT.
ai, matarebelic Semodis sadgurSi da ubralo sabargo vago-
nidan gadmoaqvT daxuruli kubo... aqedan iasnaia polianamde kubo
ukve studentebs migvaqvs. daRlil Zmebs xSirad Tbiliseli stu-
dentebi _ momavali eqimi meburnuTovi da aseve momavali agro-
nomi nikita barxudarovi gvenacvlebian. iSviaTad, iasnopoliane-
li glexebic...
Cvens yuradRebas is garemoeba ipyrobs, rom im drois wesisa-
mebr kubos saxuravze jvari ara aqvs gamosaxuli, gvirgvinebic
urmebiT moaqvT da ara xeliT.
ucxoeli fotografebi da kinooperatorebi „leikebiTa“ da
kinoaparatebiT wamdauwum iReben dakrZalvis scenebs... meore Tu
mesame dRes moskovis ramdenime ekranze ukve uCvenebda iasnaia po-
lianaSi gadaRebul kadrebs. gaxarebuli davrCi, roca tolstois
ojaxis wevrebTan erTad sakuTari Tavi da Cemi Zma griSa vixile.
ase gasinjeT, quTaisis „sinematografiaSic“ vunaxivarT Zmebi
Cvens nacnob-megobrebs, rac mxurvale werilebiT gvacnobes mos-
kovSi.
kino im dros sul axali xili, ucxo da iSviaTi ram iyo...

38
 iasnaia polianamde samkilometriani soflis ubralo Sara-
gza miuyveba. Zalian gviWirs cxenebis floqvebiTa da urmis Tvl-
ebiT daRarul, noembris susxiT gaslipul, Tovlian gzaze fexis
“mokideba”, gansakuTrebiT, kubosTvis mxarSedgmulebs.
kubos mohyvebian tolstois uaxloesi adamianebi: meuRle so-
fio andreis asuli, vaJiSvilebi: sergei, andrei, lev, mixeili; qa-
liSvilebi: tatiana da aleqsandra. aqve modis eqimi makovski, ro-
melic saxlidan wasvlis dRidan gardacvalebamde Tan axlda
gansvenebuls. ager urmebs motanili oriode gvirgvinic moaqvT
aseTi warweriT: „dauviwyar qomags da mrCevels Cvens gaWirvebaSi
l.n.tolstois,“ „mezobeli soflebis glexobisagan“ da sxva.
procesias Soriaxlos cxenosani policielebic mohyvebian...
gamoCnda iasnaia polianac... patar-patara da CaliT daxurul
glexur qoxebs Suaze ganieri quCa Caudis; axlos saxnavi miwebi
da dausrulebeli naZvnari itacebs Tvals... ager tolstois qvis
orsarTuliani saxlic gamoCnda, romelsac irgvliv didi galava-
ni artyia. procesia wuTiT mwerlis kar-midamos did WiSkarTan
Sedga. aqeT-iqiT ori mozrdili da aseve TeTrad SeRebili mrgva-
li koSkura dgas, Zvelad darajebis TavSesafrad rom iyenebdnen.
saxls garSemo uzarmazari ezo da parki akravs. parkis did
guburaSi gedebi da saseirno navebi moCanan. ukan uRrani tye
gadaWimula...
tolstois es simdidre mZime tvirTad awva da gadawyvetili
hqonda glexebisaTvis gadaeca, magram col-Svilis did winaaRm-
degobas waawyda da ganzraxva Seusrulebeli daurCa.
„am WiSkarTan didi mwerlis kar-midamoSi Sesvlis win, vin
icis, ramdeni guli aZgerebula mowiwebiT... “ _ vfiqrob CemTvis
da Tan Tvalwin mexatebian turgenevi, gonCarovi, Cexovi, gorki,
tolstois megobari _ didi mxatvari repini da mravali sxva...
aqedan saxlisaken aryis xeTa grZeli xeivani miuyveba, rom-
lis garSemo didi parki, yana da xexilis baRia gadaWimuli. TeT-
ri gedebi guburis kriala zedapirs kortnian, niavisagan aSrial-
ebul talRebze patara navebi irwevian...
Rrubliani dRea, magram dilis susxi mainc igrZnoba da vc-
dilobT wayinuli fexebi miwaze bakuniT cotaTi mainc SeviTboT.
romeliRac CvenTaganma erT xeze ciyvi SeamCnia da yvelas yurad-
Reba iqiT miapyro. pawia cxoveli sulac ar grZnobda yinvas, Ta-
visi didi kudiT totidan totze xtoda da wina TaTebiT saWmels
Seeqceoda.
vdgavarT da vucdiT Cvens rigs, raTa bolos da bolos sax-
lSi SevideT da am samudamo damSvidobebis Jams Zvirfas cxedars
Tayvani vceT.
saxlis ukana ezoSi didi msxviltaniani Tela moCans, rom-
lisTvisac irgvliv ficruli skamebi SemouvliaT. aq Sori gziT
mosuli glexebi isvenebdnen Turme da did moamages Txovnisa da
rCeva-darigebisaTvis elodnen.
ezoSi SinaurTa fusfusia. marcxniv patara Senobidan sinaT-
le moCans da xandaxan niavs cxeli puris sasiamovno surneli
moaqvs. Sinamosamsaxure qalebi gobebiT Tu vedroebiT darbian da
fusfuseben.
me naklebad vxedav moskovidan Tu peterburgidan Camosul
inteligencias. es, uTuod, policiis damsaxurebaa. mxolod ram-

39
denime mwerals CamouRwevia moskovidan avtomobiliT, rac maSin
did iSviaTobas warmoadgenda. maT Soris iyvnen Cveni Tanamemamu-
le al.sumbaTaSvil-iuJini da poeti valeri briusovi.
xalxis rigi TandaTan uaxlovdeba saxls. rogorc iqna, Sev-
divarT oTaxSi, pirvel sarTulze, sadac mwerali asvenia. aq yva-
rebia mwerals muSaoba, am TaRian oTaxSi Seuqmnia Tavisi ukvdavi
qmnilebebi, maT Soris „omi da mSvidoba.“
kubos gverdiT micvalebulis axloblebi dganan: coli, Svi-
lebi da megobrebi. aqve dgas Cemi Zma grigoli. me gamoveyavi xal-
xis rigs da kubosTan Zmis gverdiT davdeqi. tolstois Svilebi
mogvCerebian da Cveni iSviaTi msgavsebis gamo erTmaneTs eCurCu-
lebian.
_ kolegav, Tqvenze laparakoben, _ CamCurCulebs megobari
studenti da tolstois ojaxis wevrebs akvirdeba, TiTqos maTi
moZraobisa da xasiaTis Seswavla surs.
aseT dros gamolaparakeba uxerxulia, amitom Semosul
xalxs gzas vuTmobT da uneburad ukana rigebisken miviwevT.
me vsargeblob xalxis simravliT, jibidan ubis wignaks viR-
eb da fanqriT mwerlis saxis Caxatvas viwyeb. xels aravin miS-
lis. SemiZlia mTeli saaTi vxato. vakeTeb ramdenime variants. es
wignaki didxans dakarguli megona, vidre sruliad SemTxveviT ar
aRmovaCine Cems qaRaldebSi. 1978 wels, tolstois dabadebis 150
wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT, mxatvarma avTandil varTagavam gamoma-
rTva da Cems mogonebasTan erTad pirvelad dabeWda almanax „sa-
unjeSi.“
tolstois Svilebi ukve xanSi Sesulebi arian. vaJebi gareg-
nobiT mamas hgvanan, gansakuTrebiT – sergei.
tatiana susti agebulebis qalia da daRlilobis gamo xSi-
rad isvenebs. misi da – aleqsandra ufro Caskvnilia, pirbutayi,
amSvenebs mokled SekreWili Savi Tma. magram yvelaze avadmyofu-
rad tolstois meuRle – sofio andrias asuli gamoiyureba...
kubo Tavaxdili dgas. did mwerals, TiTqos sZinavso, xelebi
gulze aqvs dakrefili; tanT Talxi xalaTi „tolstovka“ acvia.
kuboSi cotaodeni yvavilebic devs...
davCerebivar Zvirfas saxes, mkerdze dayril mis ganier
wvers, WaRara, dafanCul warbebs da vcdilob, es yvelaferi
kargad davimaxsovro, samudamod CavibeWdo gonebaSi.
ai, esaa lev tolstoi – genialuri moazrovne, yoveli adami-
anisaTvis Zvirfasi mwerali, ruseTis monarqiis, batonymobisa da
saxelmwifo politikis Seurigebeli mteri.
davyureb Zvirfas saxes da magondeba mwerlis „bavSvoba da
yrmoba“,araerTxel rom auRelvebia Cemi norCi guli; magondeba
misi „haji-murati“, romlis mTavari gmiris vaJkacuri sikvdili
aleqsandre yazbegis gmirTa sikvdils gvagonebs.
ramdenime saaTis Semdeg, rodesac xalxis mdinareba Sewyda,
Svilebsa da axloblebs kubo ukana oTaxidan ezoSi gamoaqvT, sa-
idanac gza pirdapir tyisken midis. am tyis patara borcvze momz-
adebulia mwerlis samudamo gansasvenebeli. es adgili aurCevia
Tavad lev nikolozis Zes. aq uyvarda mas dasveneba da fiqri; siy-
mawvilisas Turme aq TamaSobda Tavis Zma nikolenkasTan erTad;
bavSvebs aq gadauwyvetiaT sikeTisaTvis Rvwa da niSnad amisa, xse-
nebul adgilze patara warweriani joxic CausvamT.

40
 _ barem iq damasaflaveT, sadac erT dros Cven, bavSvebma,
warweriani joxi davarWveT. es iqneba Cemi Zmis nikolenkas samax-
sovroc, – uTqvams lev nikolozis Zes axloblebisaTvis.
da ai, misi danabarebi asrulda...
kubo karebSi gamoCnda da ezoSi mdgomi xalxi muxlebze dae-
mxo. Wirisuflebi axlos moyvebian cxedars da studentobas didi
TavazianobiT gvekidebian, cdiloben xSirad Segvenacvlon. anaz-
dad qudi xelidan mivardeba da es-esaa fexebiT unda gadaTqeron,
magram tolstois vaJi sergei, maRali, brge, grZeli WaRara wve-
riT damSvenebuli, Cem gverdiT rom moabijebs, ixreba, quds iRebs
da manamde moaqvs, vidre sxva ar Semenacvleba. me madlobas vuxdi
sergeis da moridebiT varTmev quds...
ukve binddeba... procesia Ria saflavTan Cerdeba da male Wi-
risufalTa gamoTxovebac mTavrdeba. kubos saflavSi uSveben da
yvelani muxlebze vemxobiT. gaismis „saukuno xseneba“, romlis
SeZaxilSi Cvenc vmonawileobT. mere irgvliv samariseburi siCume
isadgurebs. mxolod policielTa cxenebis lagamTa JRaruni Tu
arRvevs am dumils. axlos mosuli, CamoqveiTebuli policielebi
gverdiT udganan TavianT cxenebs.
erTi mWeqare SeZaxili: ”Na koleni, polici%!” da isinic iZu-
lebulni xdebian, uyoymanod daiCoqon tolstois saflavTan.
am mWeqare da mbrZanebluri gankargulebis gamcemi Cveni amxa-
nagi, studenti lazare SurRaiaa...
procesiis dasasruls tolstois erT-erTi megobari, samxat-
vro Teatris reJisori sulerJicki xmamaRali SeZaxiliT ambobs
mgznebare sityvas...
xalxi TandaTan iSleba da tolstois saflavi oblad rCeba.
fizikurad daRlilni, magram sulierad amRlebulni mivabi-
jebT me da Cemi Zma kozlovo-zasekas rkinigzis sadgurisaken mar-
xilebiTa da urmis TvlebiT daRarul Tovlian gzaze, romelic
saRamos susxs kidev ufro mouyinavs...
es garegnulad TiTqos ubralo, magram Rrma SinaarsiT savse
sanaxaoba – mRelvare studentebiT, gulCaTxrobili glexebiTa
da daCoqili policielebiT ukvdavi meamboxis saflavis win –
Cvens warmodgenaSi didi ganaxlebis dasawyisis StabeWdilebas
tovebda...
„me uarvyavi eklesia da aRar vasruleb mis araviTar wesebs...
anderZs vtoveb, rom roca movkvdebi, ar mouSvaT CemTan eklesiis
arc erTi msaxuri da Cemi gvami gaitanon saxlidan rac SeiZleba
male yovelgvari locvebisa da kurTxevis gareSe...“ _ werda didi
mwerali sinodis misamarTiT, roca gaigo eklesiidan misi gandev-
nis ambavi. saxelganTqmuli mwerlis aseTi dasaflaveba pirveli
magaliTi, pirveli samoqalaqo dasaflaveba iyo yovelgvari saek-
lesio wesebis gareSe. ubralo da mainc diadi!...
ukve Tendeboda, rodesac Cven isev im „saxelovani“ matareb-
liT davbrundiT moskovSi. baqanze SevxvdiT CvensaviT dasafla-
vebaze myof ali arseniSvils, aleqsandre cagareiSvils, irakli
lekiSvilsa da sxvebs.
Cemma Zmam grigolma moskovSi dabrunebisTanave Caiwera Tavi-
si STabeWdilebani da TbilisSi gamosaqveyneblad gamogzavna. cas
vewieT sixaruliT, roca gazeTSi grigolis mozrdili werili

41
vixileT. igi profesorma al.xaxanaSvilma leqciis dawyebis win
gadmogvca. es grigolis pirveli nabeWdi nakalmari iyo.
dResac mowiwebiT vinaxav am gazeTs, 1910 wlis 24 noembris
ricxviT rom aris daTariRebuli. igi cocxlad magonebs garda-
sul dReebs, Cems Zmas da im axalgazrdul gatacebas, ramac Cven
yovelgvari dabrkoleba gadagvalaxvina, iasnaia polianSi Cagviy-
vana da amiT ukvdavi mwerlis dasaflavebis monawileni gagvxada.
tolstois dasaflavebaze Cveni monawileoba yvelas didxans
aocebda da ukvirdaT, rogor movaxerxeT iq Casvla, rac uamrav
siZnelesTan iyo dakavSirebuli. amis gamo megobrebi dResac „is-
toriul pirs“ meZaxian xolme. _ Xoronil Tolstogo! _ gaacno
erTxel Cemi Tavi erTma megobarma Jurnalistebs.
vkiTxulob am gazeTs da TiTqos axlac Camesmis dauviwyari
mwerlisadmi mimarTuli madlieri xalxis maSindeli sityvebi:
“dae, msubuqi iyos SenTvis is miwa, romlis wuxili gaRelveb-
dao“.
amas winaT, Turme, morigi sixarulis mowme unda gavmxdari-
yavi: Jurnal „Ogonek“-Si erT-erT Zvel fotosuraTze, romelic
lev tolstois dakrZalvis dauviwyar wuTebs asaxavs, Cemi da
Cemi Zmis gamosaxulebac vixile. Cven, studentur tansacmelSi
gamowyobili axalgazrdebi, samudamo gansasveneblisaken mivaci-
lebT didi mwerlis cxedars...
guliT mewada, samaxsovrod am Jurnalis ramdenime cali mqo-
noda. da amisaTvis redaqcias TxovniT mivmarTe. ramdenime xnis
Semdeg, marTlac, miviRe „Ogonek“-is ori egzempliari, risTvisac
udides madlobas vwirav Jurnalis yvela TanamSromels. me ki am
faqtma TiTqos siWabuke damibruna da dauviwyar dReTa yvaviloba
magrZnobina.

andria razmaZe

Tbilisis universitetis profesori, saxelovani maTematiko-

si andria razmaZe studentobis periodSi Cemi Zmis griSas erT-er-
Ti uaxloesi megobari iyo.
1903 Tu 1904 weli iyo. me da Cemi Zma quTaisis realuri sas-
wavleblis mexuTe klasis mowafeebi viyaviT. mamaCemi, romelic im
dros quTaisis samoqalaqo saswavlebelSi muSaobda, bevr sainte-
reso ambavs yveboda Tavisi saqmianobis, maswavlebelTa Tu moswa-
vleTa Sesaxeb. da, ai, erT-erTi aseTi saubris dros man andria
razmaZec axsena, romelic gulmodgined mecadineobda skolaSi da
Turme maTematikur sagnebSi gansakuTrebul niWs amJRavnebda.
sxvaTa Soris, razmaZeebi raWaSi, sofel wmendaurSi cxovro-
bden. isini metad Raribebi iyvnen, magram gamoirCeodnen didi Sro-
mismoyvareobiT, Tumca swavla-ganaTlebas TiTqmis ar etanebodnen.
diax, mama aqebda mas da ambobda, rom, Tu ekonomikurma mdgo-
mareobam ar SeuSala xeli da swavlas Tavi ar daaneba, uTuod ga-
moCenili pirovneba dadgebao.
rodesac meeqvse klasSi gadavediT, swored maSin gavigeT,
rom samoqalaqo saswavleblidan realur saswavlebelSi gadmovi-
da da misaRebi gamocdebi daiWira mamaCemis yofilma Segirdma
42
andria razmaZem. miuxedavad imisa, rom Cvenze ori wliT umcrosi
gaxldaT, mainc didad davmegobrdiT da davuaxlovdiT erTmaneTs.
andria guliT xarobda misi sayvareli maswavleblis Svile-
bis gacnobiT, maswavleblisa, romelic mudam mSobliur mzrunve-
lobas uwevda mas.
1906 wlis ivnisSi davamTavreT sawavlebeli da maSinve mos-
kovSi gavemgzavreT. roca Casvlis pirvelsave dReebSi universite-
tis kancelariaSi mivediT da Cveni gancxadebebis beds vecnobo-
diT, moulodnelad andria razmaZes SevefeTeT, maTematikur faku-
ltetze Seetana sabuTebi da masac pasuxis gageba undoda.
am ambavma didad gagvaxara, miT ufro, rom amden xalxSi jer
kidev aravis vicnobdiT maSin, roca quTaisSi ganebivrebulebi vi-
yaviT nacnob-megobrebiT, naTesavebiT da maT yovel nabijze vxvde-
bodiT.
SeuZlebelia im sixarulis gadmocema, rac maSin vigrZeniT...
am sixaruls Cveulebrivi sityvebiT ver gadmoscems adamiani.
meoTxe klasis moswavlem andria razmaZem mexuTe klasis
gamotovebiT pirdapir meeqvseSi daiWira gamocdebi da amiT erTi
weli moigo, magram meeqvse klasis Semdeg meSvidec gamoatovebines
da pirdapir atestatis gamocdebi Caabarebines.
es yvelaferi misi didi niWis wyalobiT moxda.
gavigeT Tu ara Cveni universitetSi Caricxvis ambavi, maSinve
gadavwyviteT, rom bina erTad dagveqiravebina.
bevri siaruli ar dagvWirvebia da iqve universitetis axlos
_ bolSaia nikitovkaze (dRes gercenis quCa) semenkoviCis eqvssar-
Tulian saxlSi davbinavdiT.
binis patroni metad keTili da saTno axalgazrda aRmoCnda.
mas ukve miRebuli hqonda docentis samecniero xarisxi da mosko-
vis universitetSi msaxurobda, binac axlad daekavebina da zed-
meti farTobi, daaxloebiT 20 kv.m. Cven mogvaqirava. sami studen-
tisaTvis es sruliad sakmarisi iyo, Tanac TveSi 14 maneTs
vixdidiT.
binis patronis gvari gidulinovi gaxldaT; igi SemdegSi
imave universitetis profesori gaxda da iuridiuli fakultetis
dekanis Tanamdeboba daikava.
Cvenc metad kmayofilni davrCiT rogorc binis siaxloviT,
ise misi patronisa da sxva mdgmurTa sikeTiT. nikitskaias quCaze
erTi weliwadi vicxovreT mxolod. namdvilad karg garemoSi viya-
viT. xSirad davdiodiT xolme koncertebze iqve, konservatoriaSi.
stumari arc Cvens saxls aklda; gansakuTrebiT xSirad modiodnen
Cveni quTaiseli amxanagebi, visTan erTadac davamTavreT realuri
saswavlebeli. eseni iyvnen: ter-martirosiani da ruben auStovi,
iaSa alaverdovi, aleqsandre badriZe Tbilisis gimnaziidan, agre-
Tve ori rusi maTematikosi, romelTagan erTis gvari CiJovi iyo,
meorisa ki aRar damamaxsovrda... vin icis, iqneb is dRes gamoCe-
nili maTematikosia!...
andria razmaZe gatacebiT mecadineobda maTematikur sagnebSi
da amasTan erTad inglisur da, mgoni, italiur enebsac eufle-
boda. erTxel, rodesac vkiTxe – ase ratom itvirTav Tavs-meTqi,
man mipasuxa, _ CemTvis araa Zneli, radgan maTematikuri ena yvel-
gan erTia: punqtiri yvelgan punqtiria, aseve sinusic da kosinu-
sic, es ki Zalian miadvilebs Sromaso.

43
 andro mudam gveubneboda, _ wamodiT, andreevis leqcias mo-
gasmeninebT da maSin naxavT, rogori sainteresoa maTematikao. an-
dro sul mis xsenebaSi iyo. axsenebda agreTve cesarskis gvarsac,
romelic astronomiis kurss kiTxulobda. danarCen leqtorTa
gvarebs ukve veRar vixseneb.
erTxel andros profesor umovis leqciaze wavyevi, romelic
fizikas aswavlida. igi SesaniSnavi aRnagobis adamiani iyo, maRa-
li, WaRara wver-ulvaSiTa da sqeli, ukan gadavarcxnili TmiT.
mokled, marto gonebiT ki ara, garegnobiTac namdvili mecnieri
iyo. fizikis Teoriuli nawilis garda, me ufro cdebi maintere-
sebda; amisaTvis profesors sagangebo TanamSromeli hyavda, erTi
maRal-maRali, metad ubralo adamiani da bavSvobidan Tavis saqme-
Si daxelovnebuli imdenad, rom leqciebsac ki ukiTxavda studen-
tebs...
aqebdnen profesor lebedevsac, magram me ufro umovis piro-
vnebam damainteresa.
im pirveli wlis Semdeg andro razmaZes Zalian iSviaTad
vxvdebodi, radgan igi sxvagan gadavida sacxovreblad. „zemlia-
CestvoSi“ Tu Semoivlida xandaxan qarTul saRamoze dasaswrebad,
Torem sxvagan TiTqmis aRarc vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs. tyuilad
drois kargvas erideboda, mudam saxlSi ijda da muSaobda. arc
is vici, sad an visTan cxovrobda, mxolod is vici, rom moskovis
universiteti zustad oTx weliwadSi daamTavra da samsaxuric
sadRac ruseTSi daiwyo, mgoni, qalTa gimnaziis maswavleblad.
qalebTan ki Zalian moridebuli iyo.
1919 wlidan andros ukve TbilisSi vxvdebodi. maSin mec Tbi-
lisSi davsaxldi da samsaxuric daviwye. aRar maxsovs, Tu ra pi-
robebSi Sevxvdi Tavdapirvelad; ramdenjerme TviTonac minaxula,
erTxel ki me da griSa sagangebod wagviyvana TavisTan meliqiSvi-
lis quCaze. es iyo sastumro „saqarTvelos“ pirdapir, kuTxis erT
saxlSi, romlis nomeri dRes ukve aRar maxsovs. lamazad mowyobi-
li patara, magram koxta bina meore sarTulze iyo, masTan erTad
cxovrobdnen deda da ori da – elene da maro, saxiT ali-kvali
TavianTi RviZli Zmisa. andros ki metad simpaTiuri saxe hqonda,
lamazi da mimzidveli. tanad maRali iyo, Txeli da Camosxmuli.
laparakic Zalian daxvewili hqonda da cdilobda qarTulad swo-
rad da gamarTulad esaubra. rogorc Cans, leqciebis kiTxvam
uaRresad dauxvewa metyveleba. magram mainc rusulad saubari uf-
ro emarjveboda. Zalian uyvarda mxatvruli literatura da fi-
losofia, koxtad da moxdenilad Cacma.
am metad Tavazian da keTilSobilur bunebasTan erTad, me-
tad ficxic iyo. saubris dros Tu SemTxveviT raime sawyens etyo-
diT, ucbad ifeTqebda, magram, sazogadod, gulis mosvla ar sCve-
oda.
ratomRac sakuTari saxeli ar mowonda da xSirad andrias
magier androniks werda, magram male amasac mianeba Tavi. xeli
araCveulebrivad lamazi hqonda da roca dafaze raimes werda,
gegonebodaT, xatavso.
me SemomrCa andros orad ori namuSevari, romelTagan erTi
frangul, meore ki germanul enebzea dawerili. asoebi margali-
tebiviTaa Camosxmuli: „Cems megobars lado jafariZes avtorisa-
gan. tfilisi. 17.4.22 w.“ amaTgan pirvelia „tfilisis universite-

44
 tis moambe #1“. marTalia, es CemTvis gaugebari sagania, magram
mainc siamovnebiT vaTvaliereb xolme. andrias meore naSromi
calke amonabeWdia berlinis 1921 wlis Jurnalidan...
guldasawyveti is iyo, rom andrias, maTematikis garda, sxva
araferi axsovda. Cven vamCnevdiT amas, xSirad vexumrebodiT xol-
me da bevrsac vicinodiT.
erT diliT, Cai rom davlieT da mosamsaxure qalma Cveni
oTaxidan samovaric ki gaitana, andriam frangul da germanul wi-
gnebs mohkida xeli da seriozuli kiloTi gvkiTxa: - megobrebo,
Cai Tu davlieT?... axla xom universitetSi wasvlis droao...
Cven sicili wagvskda da SevaxseneT, rom Cai ukve daleuli
gvqonda: _ rogor, aRar gaxsovs? _ vkiTxeT Cven.
_ ah, ara, ar maxsovs, _ gadaWriT gvipasuxa man, magram mere
dafiqrda, yvelaferi gaixsena da Tavadac bevri icina. es iyo da
es, wamoavlo xeli wignebs da saCqarod gaiqca universitetSi.
erTxel isev gvkiTxa: _ Cai Tu davlieT, megobrebo?
miuxedavad imisa, rom adre iyo, Cven mainc gangeb vupasuxeT: _
ra Tqma unda, davlieT, gana aRar gaxsovs?
_ maSin ratom var aseTi mSieri? – ikiTxa man.
am dros karic gaiRo da qalic gamoCnda moTuxTuxe samova-
riT xelSi. maSin mixvda andro, rom vexumrebodiT.
andros mistikur-astraluri ambebisac sjeroda. namdvilad
swamda Tu Cven gvaCvenebda Tavs, amas danamdvilebiT ver vityvi,
magram erTxel abasTumanSi Cvens ojaxSi „sulis gamoZaxebac“ iTa-
va da amisaTvis qalebs sagangebod magidac moatanina. me iq ar vi-
yavi da am seansis Sesaxeb Cemma meuRlem miambo.
yvelani cariel magidas Semousxdnen Turme da magidaze xe-
lebi daawyves, androm ki Cumad puSkinis ”gamoZaxebis” procesi
daiwyo... suli Tu „movidoda“, magida unda amoZravebuliyo da es
iqneboda „puSkinis mosvlis“ niSani. magram, miuxedavad mravali
cdisa, magida mainc ar ganZreula. roca cdis uSedegobis gamo
damswreebma sicili atexes, andro ganawyenebula da uTqvams: _ es
albaT imitom, rom Tqven araseriozulad moekideT cdaso da
maSinve Tavi daunebebia morigi seansisaTvis.
guSindeliviT maxsovs is mware dRe, roca gavige andros av-
admyofoba, xolo Semdeg misi gardacvalebis ambavi. TiTqos RviZ-
li Zma momkvdomodes, ise ganvicade.
igi universitetidan gamoasvenes da am ceremonias uamravi
xalxi daeswro. iTqva bevri gulisamaCuyebeli da mgZnobiare sit-
yva, aRiniSna, rom andros sikvdili didi danaklisia qarTuli
maTematikuri mecnierebisaTvis, rom 39 wlis asakSi mecnierebi
mxolod iwyeben gafurCqvnas da sxv.
daasaflaves igi didubis mweralTa da sazogado moRvaweTa
panTeonSi.

maiakovskebis ojaxi

maiakovskebis ojaxi mudam gamoirCeoda Tavisi keTilSobile-

biTa da adamianuri RirsebebiT. maTi ojaxis wevrebs saqarTvelo
Tavis samSoblod miaCndaT da zogierTi maTgani, mgoni, qarTve-
lobda kidec.
45
 es mogoneba maiakovskebis ojaxze 1903 wlidan iwyeba. Cveni
ojaxi im dros quTaisSi cxovrobda, sadac mamaCemi – malaqia ja-
fariZe – samoqalaqo saswavlebelSi msaxurobda. es saswavlebeli
rionis marjvena mxares, geguTis quCis erT patara SesaxvevSi iyo,
binac im midamoebSi gvqonda. maiakovskebis ojaxic aRniSnul uban-
Si cxovrobda. olia da valodia gimnaziaSi geguTis quCiT dadi-
odnen da amitom yovel diliT vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs.
valodia da Cemi umcrosi Zma aleqsandre tolebi iyvnen,
klasikur gimnaziaSi erTad swavlobdnen da dilaobiT saswavle-
belSiac erTad uxdebodaT siaruli. Zneli iyo formaSi gamowyo-
bili biWunebis erTmaneTisagan garCeva, magram valodia Tavisi
aRnagobiT, didroni, Savi, azriani TvalebiT da cocxali saxiT
yvelasagan gamoirCeoda. da-Zma am mxriv Zalian hgavda erTmaneTs,
orTave ki _ mamas, brge tanis, sandomiani saxis vaJkacs, romelsac
kidev ufro amSvenebda wablisferi mogrZo wveri, Cvenebur, qarT-
ul iers rom aZlevda. masac xSirad vxvdebodiT geguTis quCaze
da yoveli Sexvedrisas mowiwebiT vuxdidiT xolme quds.
maiakovskebis mama baRdadSi muSaobda, magram xSirad Camodi-
oda quTaisSi Tavisi col-Svilis sanaxavad. mas, iseve rogorc
mTel ojaxs, Zalze kargi damokidebuleba hqonda mezoblebTan,
amitom yvelasaTvis sayvareli da pativsacemi adamiani iyo. yovel
Camosvlaze mamaCems xvdeboda xolme. araerTxel vyofilvar maTi
gulTbili saubris mowme.
Cveni patara megobrebis mamisadmi kidev imitom viyaviT keTi-
lad ganwyobilni, rom man qarTuli ena Cinebulad icoda.
1905 wels mamaCemi erevnis guberniaSi rom gadaiyvanes saswav-
leblis inspeqtorad, Zmebi rionis marcxena napirze gadavediT
sacxovreblad da amiT ufro davuaxlovdiT Cvens realur saswav-
lebels, samagierod, ufro iSviaTad vxvdebodiT maiakovskebis ba-
vSvebs, ufro ki _ demonstraciebis dros.
im xanebSi quTaisSi moswavleTa gamosvlebic iyo. sxvadasxva
saswavleblis bavSvebi darazmulni daiarebodnen qalaqis quCebSi
da „marseliozasa“ da sxva revoluciur simRerebs mRerodnen.
valodia maiakovski moswavleTagan mudam gamoirCeoda Tavisi mgz-
nebare sityvebiTa da im adreuli leqsebiT, romlebSiac ukve Can-
da momavali mgosnis maRalniWiereba. gamosvlebSi mxurvaled mon-
awileobda misi da oliac.
da-Zmas ise vuyurebdi, rogorc axloblebsa da megobrebs;
amitomac ase Rrmad CamrCa mexsierebaSi maTi saxe. Cven marto quCa-
Si ki ara, quTaisis TeatrSiac vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs. lado mes-
xiSvilis mier dadgmuli speqtaklebi sulierad enaTesaveboda va-
lodias boboqar bunebas.
ganvlo xanma, droebiT Cawynarda gaficvebi, gamosvlebi da
axalgazrdebic merxebs davubrundiT. xolo 1906 wels me da Cemma
Zmam grigolma davamTavreT quTaisis realuri saswavlebeli da
moskovs gavemgzavreT universitetSi swavlis gasagrZeleblad.
moskovSi ucnob adamianTa Soris cxovrebam sevda mogvgvara.
quTaisis Semdeg oblad vgrZnobdiT Tavs. iq xom yovel nabijze
megobari Tu ara, nacnobi mainc gvxvdeboda xolme.
magram erT dRes bronnaias quCaze moulodnelad nacnobi
saxeebi davinaxeT.

46
 _ es xom Cveni quTaislebi arian! – wamoviZaxeT gaxarebuleb-
ma da didi xniT daSorebuli ZmebiviT gadavexvieT erTmaneTs.
eseni iyvnen Cveni bavSvobis megobrebi da-Zma olia da valodia
maiakovskebi.
Znelia kacma warmoidginos is didi sixaruli, quTaisel meg-
obrebTan aseTi moulodneli Sexvedris dros rom ganvicadeT,
miT ufro ucnob zRva xalxSi. Cvenda moulodnelad, gavigeT maia-
kovskebis mamis daRupvis ambavi. am mizeziT ojaxs samudamod dae-
tovebina quTaisi da moskovSi gadmosaxlebuliyo, sadac swavlob-
da da cxovrobda ojaxis ufrosi qaliSvili liudmila.
marTalia, guli dagvwyvita SesaniSnavi adamianis dakargvam,
magram amave dros sixaruli vigrZeniT imis gamo, rom Turme mar-
toni ar vyofilvarT ucxo qalaqSi, mokeTeni aqac gvyolia.
im saRamosve movnaxeT elCinskis saxli spiridonovkaze, sa-
dac CvenTvis Zvirfasi ojaxi iyo dabinavebuli da sayvarel Tana-
memamuleebTan Tavi ise vigrZeniT, rogorc mSobliur saxlSi.
ojaxis dedas, _ aleqsandra aleqsis asuls, jer kidev ar
gaqroboda im didi mwuxarebis kvali, romelic Zvirfasi adamianis
dakargvam gamoiwvia masSi, magram dagvinaxa Tu ara quTaislebi,
naRvliani Tvalebi gaubrwyinda da saxeze sixaruli moefina.
Zalze Tbilad Segvxvda, Cvenebi moikiTxa, tkbilad gagviba sauba-
ri, igonebda yovelgvar wvrilmans, rac ki quTaisTan iyo dakav-
Sirebuli.
_ droebiT martooba nu daganaRvlianebT, biWebo, _ gviTxra
aleqsandra aleqsis asulma, _ male gaiCenT megobrebs, Cvenc aqa
varT. Cemi Svilebic mowyenilebi arian, mSobliuri mxare enatre-
baT, gansakuTrebiT valodias, sul baRdadze ocnebobs, magram ra
vqnaT, gaivlis dro da mieCveviT aqaurobas.
am sityvebma sevdisa da sulieri oblobis grZnoba maSinve
waSala Cvens sulSi.
mas mere didma drom ganvlo, bevrma wyalma Caiara, welTa be-
vri aTeulic damrCa ukan. vfurclav Cems sayvarel wignebs; gansa-
kuTrebuli mowiwebiT vCerdebi xolme liudmila maiakovskaias
mier sakuTar ojaxze daweril wignze, romlis Tavfurcels avto-
ris lamazi xeliT aseTi warwera amSvenebs: „Cveni ojaxis Zvirfas
megobars studenturi wlebidan _ lado jafariZes im wlebis
mcire nakveTi Cemi aRweriT. liudmila maiakovskaia.“
vfurclav aRniSnul wigns da Cemi Tavi isev maiakovskebis
ojaxSi mgonia. madlierebis grZnobiT vixseneb im Sexvedras, rom-
lis wyalobiT me da Cemi Zma moskovSi davrCiT, xolo, mere, Tan-
daTan ara Tu SevegueT moskovsa da studentur cxovrebas, sul
male qarTvel studentTa saTvistomos aqtiuri wevrebic gavxdiT
da monawileobas vRebulobdiT mis yvela RonisZiebaSi.
am saTvistomosTan dakavSirebuli Cveni saqmianoba mudam ke-
Tiladaa gasaxsenebeli. orive Zmas bevrjer gagvxsenebia Cveni pir-
veli Znelbedobis dReebi moskovSi da maiakovskebis sasikeTo gav-
lena Cvens cxovrebaze, gavlena, romelmac moskovi Cvens Sobliur
qalaqad aqcia. aseve mSobliur qalaqad iqca moskovi maiakovs-
kebis ojaxisTvisac. maTi Cemdami siyvarulis naTeli dadasture-
baa olRa maiakovskaias mier qalaq Cilgopolidan 1941 wlis oq-
tomberSi gamogzavnili Tbili werili. am qalaqSi olRa droebiT
imyofeboda meore msoflio omis dros. ai, xsenebuli werilic:

47
 „guliTadi salami lados! – mwerda igi, _ miviRe Tqveni Ria
baraTi da Zalian amaRelva Tqvenma yuradRebam. adgili aq, ma-
rTalia, lamazi da warmtacia, magram amJamad qveynierebaze Cveni
moskovisTana araferi araa. Cemi fiqri da goneba mas dastria-
lebs. Zalian vwuxvarT, aseT dros TbilisSi rom ar CamovediT,
magram, sadac ar unda viyo, Cemi ocnebaa, rac SeiZleba male dav-
brunde mSobliur moskovSi. salami Tqvens ojaxs da griSas. iya-
viT kargad. olia.“ sityva „olia“ mas qarTulad aqvs dawerili,
Tanac frCxilebSi aseTi minaweric gaukeTebia: „jer kidev maxso-
vs, Tu rogor iwereba Cemi saxeli.“
marTalia, drom feri daukarga melniT Sesrulebul pwkar-
ebs, magram dauviwyari megobris naTeli suli, romelic Sig uxi-
lavad trialebs, isev ise cocxlobs Cems mexsierebaSi.
1907 wlis Semodgomaze universitetis saTvistomos krebaze
Tavzardamcemi ambavi gavigeT: veragulad moeklaT Cveni eris didi
moamage ilia WavWavaZe. es cnoba mTel universitets moedo da qa-
rTvel studentebSi didi mwuxareba gamoiwvia. Cvenma saTvistomom
gansakuTrebuli saRamo moawyo, xolo ramdenime dRis Semdeg ase-
Tive saRamo, mxolod ufro Rrmad gaazrebuli programiT, mosko-
vis eTnografiulma sazogadoebamac gamarTa.
qarTvelma studentebma gadavwyviteT, rac SeiZleba, meti na-
cnob-megobari wagveyvana am saRamoze da Cveni erovnuli kultu-
risaTvis propaganda gagvewia. guli dagvwyda, rodesac zogierTma
maTganma friad gaioca es ambavi, radgan ar egonaT, rom qarTve-
lebs hyavdaT mwerlebi da hqondaT damwerloba. mizezi is gaxl-
daT, rom mefis ruseTis pirobebSi „inorodcebis“, e.i. ararus
xalxTa literatura ar iTargmneboda rusul enaze da, maSasada-
me, arc arsebobda.
xsenebul saRamoze olia maiakovskaiac movida da amxanagebic
moiyvana, romlebsac gatacebiT uyveboda saqarTvelos Sesaxeb da
ganmartebebs aZlevda saintereso moxsenebis irgvliv. saerTod,
olia maiakovskaias Zalian uyvarda iseT krebebze siaruli, sadac
SeiZleboda Sexvedroda Tavis Tanamemamuleebs, uyvarda e.w. „qarT-
ul saRamoebSi“ monawileobis miReba. es saRamoebi Tavisi origin-
alobisa da erovnuli koloritis gamo, sakmao popularobiT sar-
geblobda moskovSi. am „saRamoebis“ xSiri stumari valodiac iyo.
ai, Cemi Zmis grigolisadmi moskovidan gamogzavnili olia
maiakovskaias werili, romelSic „qarTul saRamoebs“ igonebs:
„gulwrfeli salami griSas! metad gavixare Tqveni werilis
miRebiT; man Soreuli axalgazrdoba gamaxsena, roca valodia iyo
da masTan erTad „qarTul saRamoebze“ davdiodiT, magram cxovre-
ba Zalian gamoicvala. didi survili maqvs Camovide samSobloSi,
magram es yvelaferi metad rTulia da ar vici, rodis movaxerxeb
amas. Tu moskovSi moxvdiT, aucileblad modiT CvenTan Tqven da
lado. cxovreba midis, magram Zveli megobrebi ar iviwyeben erTma-
neTs, da es metad sasiamovnoa. gisurvebT yovelive kargs. dedam
da liudam mogikiTxes, salami lados da yvela Tqvenebs. mudam
maxsovxarT. olia.“
eTnografiuli sazogadoebis mier Catarebulma saRamom mniS-
vnelovani biZgi misca Cvens Zvel ganzraxvas, rusuli farTo
sazogadoebisaTvis qarTuli kultura da, kerZod, ilia WavWavaZis
Semoqmedeba gagvecno.

48
 maiakovskebTan SeviareT. mTeli ojaxi sixaruliT Semogve-
geba me da grigols. Segvxvdnen rogorc didi xnis unaxav, sasur-
vel stumrebs. valodia ufro davaJkacebuliyo. xma daboxeboda.
Cvenda sasiamovnod, iqve dagvxvda Cveni Zveli quTaiseli megobari
da cnobili revolucioneri kola (isidore) morCaZe, moskovis
1905 wlis ajanyebis aqtiuri monawile. mTeli is saRamo quTaissa
da saqarTveloze iyo saubari. gamoiTqva azric, rom, rac SeiZle-
ba srulyofilad gagvecno rusi mkiTxvelisaTvis qarTuli lite-
raturis nimuSebi. maiakovskebis ojaxi mxurvaled gamoexmaura ga-
dawyvetilebas da daxmarebac aRgviTqva, gansakuTrebiT aqtiurob-
dnen olia da valodia.
ramdenime xnis Semdeg me da Cemma Zmam grigolma vTargmneT
ilia WavWavaZis „glaxis naambobi“, romelic profesor aleqsand-
re xaxanaSvilis daxmarebiT, misi redaqciiTa da winasityvaobiT
dabeWda gamomcemloba „polzam“. wigni rom gamoqveynda da gareka-
nze rusulad warwerili „ilia WavWavaZe“ wavikiTxeT, Cvens sixa-
ruls sazRvari ar hqonda. maiakovskebma pirvelebma gaiziares
Cveni sixaruli da es savsebiT gasagebia, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im
garemoebas, rom es iyo pirveli nabiji an, ukeT rom vTqvaT, qar-
Tuli mwerlobis sagzuri did sarbielze gasasvlelad.
gavida ramdenime weli da universitetis damTavrebisTanave
saqarTveloSi davbrundi.
male rus poetTa Soris maiakovskis gvaric gaxmaurda, da
raoden didi gaxldaT Cemi sixaruli, rodesac gavige, rom es
Cveni valodia maiakovski iyo, Cemi Tanamemamule da siyrmis mego-
bari, visac mudam gulwrfelad uyvarda saqarTvelo, mSobliuri
baRdadi da romelic ambobda: “Cemi samSoblo sofeli baRdadia,
quTaisis gubernia, saqarTvelo.“
quTaisma gansakuTrebuli roli iTamaSa maiakovskebisa da,
uSualod, vladimeris sulieri cxovrebis CamoyalibebaSi. im dr-
os quTaisSi didi akaki imyofeboda, romlis mebrZoli poezia
udides zegavlenas axdenda axalgazrdobaze da maT soris, ueWve-
lia, valodiazec. „gmirebs daeZebs, uyivis Cemi dafi da naRara.“
ase rom, didi poetis Semoqmedebam dasabami „baRdadis caTa qveS“
cxraasiani wlebis quTaisSi hpova, xolo Semdeg, misi poeturi ni-
Wi sabolood moskovSi gaRvivda da gaifurCqna.
amave azrisa iyo poetis da liudmilac. igi ambobda: Cemi Zm-
is zogierT biografs ratomRac aviwydeba misi SemoqmedebiTi da,
saerTod, biografiis uSualo kavSiri kavkasiasTan; me ki vamtki-
ceb, rom kavkasia da, kerZod, saqarTvelo, quTaisi, misTvis yvela-
feri iyo. man igive azri gaimeora 30-ian wlebSi misi deidaSvilis
vera agaCova-naneiSvilis binaze TbilisSi, rodesac me da miqel
patariZem vinaxuleT liudmila. amave azrs aviTarebda mwerali
g.v.bebuTovi wignSi: „maiakovskis mowafeobis wlebi da pedagogi
vs.i.kapanaZe.“
aRsaniSnavia maiakovskebis didi siyvaruli qarTuli enisad-
mi. me ukve vTqvi, rom maT ojaxSi Cinebulad laparakobdnen qarT-
ulad, gansakuTrebiT – vladimeri, romelmac bolomde Semoinaxa
es codna. igi pativs miagebda Tavis axlo megobrebs vaso kande-
laksa da kola morCaZes, rom aRaraferi vTqva sxva megobrebze.
Zalian uyvarda irodion evdoSvilis leqsi: „megobrebo, win, win

49
gaswiT!“ amasTan, mSvenivrad waumRerebda xolme cnobil romanss
„mxolod Sen erTs“...
Cemi Zma grigoli universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg xSirad
imyofeboda moskovSi da yovelTvis moinaxulebda xolme maiakov-
skebis ojaxs. TbilisSi dabrunebuli ki siamayiT miambobda valo-
dias arnaxul warmatebebze. 1930 wels, rodesac misi moulodneli
gardacvalebis ambavi gavigeT, Tavzari dagveca da ise ganvicadeT,
rogorc SeiZleba kacma yvelaze axlobeli adamianis dakargva
ganicados.
ukanasknelad vladimer maiakovski TbilisSi 1929 wlis gaz-
afxulze vnaxe: uecrad tramvaidan davinaxe igi. yavisferkostumia-
ni, brge da axovani vaJkaci farTo nabijebiT modioda quCaSi; gve-
rdiT qarTvel poetTa jgufi miyveboda. marTalia, didi xnis una-
xavi myavda, magram mainc vicani. im dRes masTan misvla damagvi-
anda, xolo meore dRes moskovSi gamaswro.
vladimeri iSviaTi enamaxvili iyo da eqspromtebic moxdeni-
li icoda; cnobilia misi mimarTva valerian guniasadmi baqoSi ga-
marTul erT-erT banketze 1927 wels, romelic „saliteraturo ga-
zeTSi“ daibeWda 1933 wlis 31 oqtombers. moviyvan nawyvets:
I teper> v dali ot Vas
Visurvebdi vkopilikav
tkventan ertad,
Kak s bratom brat.
Xotelos> vnov> i v glaz i v brov>
Delit> i lasku i lhbov>,
I posme%t>s%, i pobalagurit>,
Kvlav mogvelxina gvinit da purit,
Maglari gvesva kancit da qurit.
TbilisSi Camosvlisas maiakovskebi Cerdebodnen leninis *
quCis erT patara SesaxvevSi, sadac cxovrobdnen agaCovebi: aleq-
sandra aleqsis asulis da mariami da misi Svilebi vera da kons-
tantine. me da grigoli xSirad viyaviT agaCovebis ojaxSi, anu,
rogorc xSirad vambobdiT, „maiakovskebis filialSi“, metadre ki
maSin, roca olia Camovidoda xolme moskovidan. aseT dros agaCo-
vebis ojaxSi bevri quTaiseli megobari viyridiT Tavs: me da gri-
goli, kolau nadiraZe, vaso kandelaki, kako marusiZe, miqel pata-
riZe, kola morCaZe da sxvebi. bevrs vsaubrobdiT, vigonebdiT
quTaisSi gatarebul dReebs, vseirnobdiT Tbilisis quCebSi. olRa
qarTul laparaks eZaleboda, radgan es yvelaferi bavSvobas ago-
nebda, Tanac xSir-xSirad gvekiTxeboda, Tu rogor axerxebda qar-
Tulad laparaks an ra Secdomebs uSvebda.
olRa aRnagobiT Zalian hgavda Tavis goliaT Zmas, iseTive
tanmaRali iyo, iseTive cocxali da metyveli Savi Tvalebi hqon-
da. igi sul axalgazda gardaicvala moskovSi gulis avadmyofo-
biT 1949 wlis gazafxulze.
moviyvan erT amonawers Cemi Zmis grigolis 1949 wlis 5 iv-
niss mowerili werilidan: „...dRes ki orTaveni (kola morCaZesTan
erTad) maiakovskebTan viyaviT da es aris davbrundiT saxlSi. Za-
lian gulTbilad Segvxvdnen. aq arian aleqsandra aleqsis asuli,
liuda da vera agaCova. Cveni pirveli sityva, ra Tqma unda, olias
gaxseneba iyo: rogor uyvarda gansvenebuls Tqveni mogoneba, orive

*
axlandeli g.kostavas quCa
50
Zmis gaxseneba, rom ver garCevdiT da gekiTxebodiT, romeli griSa
xar da romeli ladoo. raoden aRfrTovanebiT laparakobda saqa-
rTveloze! – igonebdnen liuda da dedamisi. saaTis Svididan To-
rmetamde Cveni cocxali saubari am Temaze ar Sewyvetila.“
aleqsandra aleqseevna metad keTili adamiani iyo, gulTbi-
li da stumarTmoyvare. dRe da Rame gaerTianebuli hqonda Svile-
bis movlasa da samsaxurSi. pensias iRebda, magram ojaxs ar yof-
nida da xelmokled cxovrobda.
sicocxlis bolo wlebSi SesaniSnavi mogoneba dawera Svi-
lze „vladimer maiakovskis bavSvoba da yrmoba,“ romelic sabavS-
vo gamomcemlobam gamosca moskovSi 1959 wels.
maiakovskebis ojaxis gulTbili damokidebuleba Cvendami,
didi siyvaruli saqarTvelosadmi naTlad Cans Tundac im weril-
Si, romelic liudmila vladimeris asulma daurTo CemTvis gamo-
gzavnil Tavis wigns, moskovSi rom daibeWda da romelic vladi-
mer maiakovskis cxovrebasa da Semoqmedebas Seexeba. „Cveni ojaxis
didi xnis megobars Zvirfas lado jafariZes, saqarTvelosa da
moskovSi Cveni Sexvedrebis keTilad mosagoneblad. siyvaruliTa
da salmiT liudmila maiakovskaia, moskovi, 1966 wlis 26 agvisto.“
es wigni, iseve rogorc yvela misi naweri, sainteresod aR-
wers maiakovskebis ojaxsa da mis cxovrebas baRdadsa da quTa-
isSi, savsea Cveni qveynis amsaxveli lamazi ilustraciebiT.
amiT minda movaTavo Cemi mcire mogoneba.
1964 wlis gazafxulze gardaicvala aleqsandra aleqsis
asuli, maiakovskebis deda, xolo 1972 wlis Semodgomaze 88 wlisa
sicocxles gamoeTxova maiakovskebis ojaxis ukanaskneli warmoma-
dgenelic – liudmila vladimeris asuli maiakovskaia.
liudmila energiuli, Sromismoyvare da Tavmdabali adamiani
iyo. rodesac 1906 wels mis ojaxs ubedureba ewvia da marCenali
mama daeRupa, umweod da usaxsrod darCenili ojaxis patronoba
man, gamoucdelma studentma ido Tavs. deda mcirewlovani bavSve-
biT quTaisidan moskovSi gadaiyvana da wlebis manZilze misi er-
TaderTi mzrunveli da msaxuri iyo. xolo roca 1930 wels Zmac
daeRupa, misi literaturuli memkvidreobis Tavgamodebuli meur-
ve Seiqna da SesaniSnavi wignebic dawera Tavis ojaxsa da Zmaze,
romlebsac vladimer maiakovskis mkvlevari gverds ver auvlis.

Sexvedra kote marjaniSvilTan moskovSi

es iyo 1909 wels, roca kote marjaniSvili moskovSi nez-

lobinis TeatrSi reJisorobda da l.andreevis „Savi niRbebis“ da-
dgmiT iyo dakavebuli.
leonid andreevis es piesa erTi ulamazesTagania mwerlis
SemoqmedebaSi da Tavisi daxvewili ostatobiT namdvil poemas
mogvagonebs. amis gamo man didi gamoxmaureba pova maSindel ru-
sul literaturul da Teatralur wreebSi.
„Savi niRbebis“ personaJebi metwilad usityvod moqmedeben
da scenis daxelovnebul ostatebs ar saWiroeben. amitom Tavisu-
fal msaxiobTa simciris gamo Tu sxva raRac mosazrebiT, piesis
damdgmelma reJisorma kote marjaniSvilma am rolebze aTi qarT-
51
veli studenti migviwvia, maT Soris: me, Cemi Zma grigoli, vano
mWedliZe, mixeil Tuxareli, grigol cxakaia, daviT gagua, vaso
SaraSiZe, grigol laRiZe da sxv.
qarTvel axalgazrdebs metad sasiamovnod dagvrCa Tanamema-
mulesa da gamoCenil Teatralur moRvawesTan pirispir Sexvedra,
miT ufro, rom mas pirvelad vxedavdi; piradad me kote marjaniS-
vilis namdvili Tayvanismcemeli gavxdi. kotes esoden didi saxe-
li da popularoba mudam aRfrTovanebas iwvevda CemSi. TeatrSi
samuSaod misuli, mokrZalebiT vusmendi mis yovel sityvas da Ta-
yvans vcemdi didi xelovanis mimzidvelsa da metyvel saxes.
Tbilad migviRo kote marjaniSvilma Tanamemamuleni, magram
aranaklebi siTbo gvagrZnobines iqaurma msaxiobebmac, rodesac
scenaze maTTvis sayvareli reJisoris Tvistomi qarTveli studen-
tebi gvixiles.
yvelaferma aman, cxadia, kargi ganwyobileba Segviqmna da
siTamame Segvmata, magram saocreba is iyo, rom TeatrSi CvenTvis
uCveulo disciplina sufevda...
Cveulebrivi repeticiis dRe iyo. muSavdeboda pirveli moq-
medebis mesame suraTis masobrivi scena da Cvenc, sxva msaxiobeb-
Tan erTad, scenaze videqiT. reJisori repeticias parteridan xel-
mZRvanelobda, Tanac ratomRac nerviulobda da erTsa da imaves
gvameorebinebda...
_ ar varga!... xelmeored!... daviqanceT! – malimal gaiZaxoda
kote.
da ai, roca „Savi niRbebi“ buxarTan iyrian Tavs da gaismis
maTi sityvebi: _ gvciva!... gvciva!... _ erTma msaxiobma qalma sapiri-
spiro wamoiZaxa: _ mcxela!...
erTbaSad gafuWda xumrobis ganwyobileba da qalebs feri
daekargaT, SekrTnen mosalodneli mrisxanebis SiSiT.
_ vis cxela mand? – Sehyvira reJisorma parterSi da muSti
ise magrad daartya patara magidas, rom yvelani SiSma agvitana.
mere uecrad adgilidan mowyda da scenisken gamoemarTa.
_ vis cxela aq? – isev gaimeora kotem, roca maRla amovida
da Savi Tvalebi daabriala.
gaqvavebuli videqiT da velodiT, Tu ra unda momxdariyo;
risxva ki garduvali Canda, radgan did ostats aseT SemTxvevaSi
xumroba ar uyvarda; magram hoi, sakvirvelebav! Rrublebma gadai-
ara da yvelaferi kargad damTavrda.
qalebs Turme scodniaT aRelvebuli kotes damSvidebis ue-
bari saSualeba: isini siyvaruliT Semoexvivnen sayvarel maswav-
lebels da bodiSiT, sinanuliT da tkbili sityviT uecrad daac-
xres misi mrisxaneba.
reJisorma scenis daRlil muSakebs apatia es Secodeba da
isev Tavis sameTauro adgilas dabrunda. yvelas gulze mogveSva
da Tavisuflad amovisunTqeT.
ramdenime wuTis Semdeg yvelaferi isev Tavidan daiwyo, Ti-
Tqos arc araferi momxdariyos, mxolod im msaxiob qals kidev
karga xans etyoboda SiSis nakvalevi da saxeze sanTlis feri
edo.
_ madloba RmerTs, agvcda qariSxali!... – momibrunda erTi
xnieri msaxiobi, roca muSaoba damTavrda da msaxiobebma nel-ne-
la iwyes daSla, _ qarTvelebi gulficxni xarT, magram uboro-

52
 toni. me micxovria TbilisSi da kargad vicnob Tqveni xalxis
xasiaTs...
_ ficxia Cveni reJisori, magram samarTliani, kacs tyuil-
ubralod ar gawiravs, _ gamoexmaura meore...
didxans vugdebdi yurs maT da axalgazrda qarTvel stud-
ents mixaroda, rom Cveni Tanamemamule, didi Teatraluri moRvawe
kote marjaniSvili ase uyvardaT da afasebdnen...

i.WavWavaZisa da al.yazbegis TxzulebaTa

Targmanis istoriisaTvis

rogorc cnobilia, al.yazbegis moTxroba „eliso“ araerT-

xel Targmnila da gamocemula rusul enaze rogorc calkeul
wignakebad, ise mwerlis sxva moTxrobebTan erTad mis Txzuleba-
Ta saerTo krebulSi. am ukanasknels ganekuTvneba „universaluri
biblioTekis“ seriiT (# 401) moskovSi gamomcemloba „polzas“ mi-
er jer kidev revoluciamde dabeWdili „*liso i drugie rasskazj“.
yviTel garekanSi lamazad Casmuli patara wignaki, romlis zoma
15 X 10 sm. iyo, imave seriiT gamocemul sxva mraval wignakebTan
erTad, Tavis droze uamrav mkiTxvels izidavda.
misi satitulo furclis mTliani warwera aseTia: A.Kazbek.
*liso i drugie rasskazj. Perevod s gruzinskogo G. i V.D[afari pod
redakciey i s predisloviem A.S.Xaxanova. Knigoizdatel>stvo
„Pol>za“. Moskva.
gamocemis weli, marTalia, wignze aRniSnuli araa, radgan
aseTi ram im dros ratomRac aucileblad ar iyo miCneuli, mag-
ram me, rogorc erT-erTma mTargmnelma, danamdvilebiT vici, rom
wigni dabeWdilia moskovSi 1911 wels.
misi Targmnisa da gamocemis mokle istoria, vfiqrob, mok-
lebuli ar unda iyos sazogadoebriv interess...
cxraasian wlebSi rusi sazogadoeba naklebad erkveoda qa-
rTuli kulturis sakiTxebSi da warmodgenac ki ar hqonda, Cven
Tu aseTi mdidruli da uZvelesi anbanis patronebi viyaviT. me
aRarafers vambob rusTavelis, ilias, akakis, vaJasa da sxvaTa
Sesaxeb, romelTa Semoqmedebas isini saerTod ar icnobdnen.
yvelafer amas Cven Zalze mtkivneulad ganvicdidiT.
am didi xarvezis Sesavsebad me da griSam gadavwviteT gveT-
argmna qarTuli mwerlobis zogierTi nimuSi da maT Soris „gla-
xis naambobi“.
profesorma aleqsandre xaxanaSvilma, romelic sakmaod mi-
Rebuli iyo iqaur inteligenciaSi, aRfrTovanebiT moismina Cveni
ganzraxva da dagvpirda saTanado daxmarebas imaSi, rac beWdvis
sirTuleebTan iyo dakavSirebuli. am mizniT SeuTanxmda kidec
gamomcemloba „polzas“ xelmZRvanelobas.
es gamomcemloba kerZo amxanagobas ekuTvnoda, igi „univer-
saluri biblioTekis“ seriiT Targmnida da rusul enaze uSvebda
lamazad gaformebul ucxouri mxatvruli literaturis nimuSebs,
romelTa SeZena yvelasaTvis SesaZlebeli iyo xelmisawvdomi fa-
sebis gamo. amitom iqauri wignebi metad popularuli iyo, gansa-
kuTrebiT, axalgazrda mkiTxvelTa Soris...

53
 imis Semdeg, rac „glaxis naambobis“ Sinaarss gaecvnen, „po-
lzis“ redaqciis TanamSromlebma me da Cems Zmas iSviaTi Sexvedra
mogviwyves. am patara moTxrobam pirdapir furori moaxdina; gansa-
kuTrebiT aRtacebuli iyo gamomcemlobis mTavari redaqtori
n.bronSteini, romelic Tavis mxriv italiuri mwerlobis saukeTe-
so nimuSebs Targmnida.
man sxva qarTuli moTxrobebis mitanac gvTxova, raTa isini,
mowonebis SemTxvevaSi, gveTargmna da gamosacemad mogvemzadebina.
aseTma keTilma damokidebulebam didad wagvaxalisa da sul
male bronSteins al.yazbegis moTxrobebi: „elberdi“, „fati“, „ci-
cka“ da sxv. warvudgineT, romlebic aseve aRfrTovanebiT miiRes.
gavida raRac xani.
erT dRes redaqciidan werili miviReT: me da Cems Zmas iq
misvlas gvTxovdnen.
_ sacenzuro komiteti uars gveubneba Tqveni meore wignakis
gamocemaze, - aRSfoTebiT gviTxra bronSteinma, - gansakuTrebiT
„elberdis“ dabeWdvaze... gviSveleT, axlgazrdebo, axlave waiReT
komitetSi qarTuli dedani da daarwmuneT cenzori, rom is neba-
darTulia... vah, vah, vah, vah!... SeiZleba ar daibeWdos aseTi mSveni-
eri moTxroba?! – Cioda igi da Tan „elberdis“ ukve Sekrul gver-
debs nerviulad furclavda, _ amis amoReba pirdapir wignis daR-
upva iqneba...
komitetSi imave dRes mivediT, nebarTvaze Cvenc civi uari
gviTxres. verc qarTulma dedanma (al.yazbegis erTtomeulma) Sec-
vala cenzoris gadawyvetileba (erTtomeuls xom Tan erTvoda
misi gamocemis nebarTva!).
_ es sqeli wigni, _ gvipasuxa man, _ gansazRvruli raodeno-
biT ibeWdeba da mkiTxvelic sxva hyavs. „polzas“ gamocemebi ki
masobrivia da didi tiraJiT vrceldeba muSebsa da studentebs
Soris. rogor SeiZleba aseTi nawarmoebis gamocema?!
man magidis ujra gamoaRo, „elberdis“ wiTeli melniT aWr-
elebuli gverdebi amoalaga da saTiTaod dauwyo furcvla.
meti ra gza iyo: araviTari Txovna ar gavidoda masTan da
Cvenc iZulebulni gavxdiT, akrZaluli „elberdis“ nacvlad gamo-
mcemlobaSi misi moculobis sxva moTxroba migvetana, raTa ukve
dasabeWdad gamzadebul „cickasa“ da „fatisTan“ erTad erT wig-
nakSi moTavsebuliyo da gverdebi Segvevso.
Tanac dro ar iTmenda.
am mZime mdgomareobidan isev Cvenma moamage profesorma al-
eqsandre xaxanaSvilma gamogviyvana. man saCqarod gamoZebna Tavis
did arqivSi Semonaxuli Zveli rusuli Jurnalebi, romlebSiac
nawyvetebad iyo dabeWdili mis mier odesRac Targmnili al.yazbe-
gis „eliso“.
es nawarmoebi savsebiT gamodgeboda „elberdis“ magier, mag-
ram savalalo is iyo, rom Jurnalis yvela nomeri ver moinaxa,
moTxrobis teqsts mesame Tavi aklda, romlis Targmnac Cveni
saerTo amxanagis giorgi Jordanias meuRles q-n ninos eTxova.
isini Cven mezoblad cxovrobdnen da al.xaxanaSvilTanac megob-
robdnen. magram sabolood ise gamovida, TiTqos erT patara wig-
naks erTdroulad oTxi mTargmneli hyavda, romelTa gvarebi aR-
niSnuli unda yofiliyo satitulo furcelze, es ki gamomcemlo-
bas mizanSeuwonlad miaCnda.

54
 amitom al.xaxanaSvilma, rogorc am saerTo Targmanis redaq-
torma da misi winasityvaobis avtorma, Tavisi gvari waSala.
amgvarad, aSkaraa, rom yazbegis „eliso“ pirvelad al.xaxa-
naSvils uTargmnia, SesaZloa, studentobis drosac ki.
Jurnalis saxelwodeba, romlis nomrebSiac misi Targmani
iyo moTavsebuli, samwuxarod, aRar maxsovs; verc welsa da Tve-
ebs vixseneb.
dRes es wigni, il.WavWavaZis „glaxis naambobTan“ da akakis
„baSi-aCukTan“ erTad, bibliografiul iSviaTobas warmoadgens da
sul ramdenime calia daculi Tbilisis marqsis * sax. respubli-
kur, i.griSaSvilis saxelobisa da inJiner n.i.kvezereli-kopaZis
mdidar saojaxo biblioTekebSi; SesaZlebelia, universitetSiac
inaxebodes.
mec maqvs erTaderTi cali, romelic i.griSaSvilma misaxso-
vra 50-an wlebSi da mas Tvalis CiniviT vufrTxildebi...
piradad Cveni egzempliarebidan, 30 calis raodenobiT rom
miviReT wignis gamosvlisas, arc erTi aRar SemogvrCa. isini nac-
nob-megobarTa Soris davarigeT, rogorc Zvirfasi saCuqari. es
asec iyo sinamdvileSi, radgan rusul enaze dastambuli qarTuli
nawarmoebi im dros iSviaTobas warmoadgenda da amitom masze di-
di moTxovnileba iyo.
dRes aseTi ram Cveulebrivi movlenaa: qarTuli wignebi di-
di raodenobiT ibeWdeba rusul enaze, Tavi rom davaneboT sxvada-
sxva xalxTa enebze gamoqveynebul qarTul gamocemebs.
ar damaviwydeba is gulTbili Sexvedrebi, „glaxis naambo-
bis“ dabeWdvis Semdeg ardadegebze TbilisSi Camosulebs rom gv-
xvda wilad. qarTul da rusul redaqciebSi me da Cems Zmas, pir-
dapir, pativiscemiTa da siyvaruliT gvxvdebodnen.
maSin gavicaniT dauviwyari adamianebi: parTen goTua, gri-
gol diasamiZe, sandro yanCeli, Sio aragvispireli, Sio mRvimeli,
giorgi amirejibi, ovanes Tumaniani, samson fircxalava da kidev
bevri sxva, romlebic did kmayofilebas gamoTqvamdnen im keTili
saqmis gamo. marTlac, es ar iyo umniSvnelo ram, radgan „univer-
saluri biblioTekis“ gamomcemloba „polza“ didi raodenobiT
uSvebda aseT wignebs da maT mTel ruseTSi avrcelebda. ise gamo-
vida, rom qarTuli wigni pirvelad aRebda rusulenovan ojaxTa
kars da Rirseul adgils iWerda sayvareli wignebis gverdiT.
marTlac, „glaxis naambobis“ gamoqveynebas didi warmateba
xvda wilad da ori Tu sami wlis ganmavlobaSi samjer daibeWda.
aseve orjer daibeWda al.yazbegis „elisoc“. Cems ojaxSi
swored am gamocemis erTaderTi nimuSia Semonaxuli.
is mxurvale madloba qarTveli sazogadoebisagan aseve eku-
Tvnoda iseT uangaro moRvawes, rogoric prof. al.xaxanaSvili
gaxldaT.
zemoT moviyvane „elisos“ satitulo furclis amonaweri, sa-
dac mTargmnelad nino Jordania aris moxseniebuli da ara al.xa-
xanaSvili, radgan aseTi iyo misi survili.
rac Seexeba Cven mier Targmnil „elberds“, romelic „cicka-
sa“ da „fatisTan“ erTad am wignakSi unda gamoqveynebuliyo, misi
anabeWdebi didxans SerCaT „polzas“ redaqciaSi da araerT iq

*
amJamad i.WavWavaZis sax. respublikuri biblioTeka.
55
moxvedril mkiTxvels aRelvebda Tavisi mxatvruli RirsebiTa da
siuJetis simZafriT.
redaqciaSi TiTo-TiTo cali me da Cems Zmasac gvisaxsov-
res, magram droTa ganmavlobaSi uamrav nacnob-megobrebSi xeli-
dan xelSi „siarulis“ gamo ukvalod daikarga.
magram is uTuod iqneba sadRac, SesaZloa, „sacenzuro komi-
tetSi,“ romelic ase gaafTrebiT icavda mefis TviTmpyrobelur
ideologias.
ai, am sacenzuro komitetis „centrarqivSi“ iqneba igi dacu-
li da, vfiqrob, moinaxeba kidec...
amas winaT Zveli gazeTis „zakavkazies“ 1911 wlis 18 oqtomb-
ris „qronikis“ ganyofilebaSi SemTxveviT wavawydi cnobas saTau-
riT: „al.yazbegis Txzuleba da rusuli cenzura“, romelSiac na-
Tqvamia, rom ,,moskovis cenzuram gavrcelebis neba ar misca al.
yazbegis wignakebad dabeWdil moTxrobebs, miuxedavad imisa, rom
Targmani Sesrulebulia cenzuris mier nebadarTuli qarTuli ga-
mocemidano“...
marTalia, „elberdma“ saWiro sagzuri ver miiRo mkiTxvel-
Ta gulebisaken da mkacrad aikrZala cenzurisagan, magram, sama-
gierod, „elisom“ pova Tavisi gza da kidev erTxel aaRelva rusi
mkiTxveli im zneobrivi simaRliT da siwmindiT, riTac ganmsWva-
lulia al.yazbegis yvela moTxroba.

yvelaferi xalxs misca...

cnobilma mecnierma, aRmosavleTmcodnem aleqsandre solo-

monis Ze xaxanaSvilma mTeli cxovreba sayvareli samSoblos ku-
lturis, istoriis Seswavlas miuZRvna da didi Zalisxmeva moan-
doma maT popularizacias Tavisi samSoblos gareT, ZiriTadad
ki, rusuli sazogadoebis farTo wreebSi. saqarTvelos istorii-
sa da literaturis sakiTxebis damuSavebisas man pirvelma gamoi-
yena evropuli mecnierebis meTodebi. swored is iyo qarTuli li-
teraturis zepiri da werilobiTi Zeglebis pirveli mkvlevari.
misi kapitaluri naSromi, oTxtomeuli, “qarTuli sityvier-
ebis istoriis narkvevebi” (“Oqerki po istorii gruzinskoy sloves-
nosti”), romelic moskovis universitetTan arsebulma istoriisa
da ruseTis siZveleTa saimperatoro sazogadoebam gamosca, war-
moadgens qarTuli literaturis zepiri da werilobiTi Zeglebis
mimoxilvas uZvelesi droidan XX saukunis dasawyisamde. is yvel-
asaTvis samagido wignad miiCneva, vinc mcired mainc dainterese-
bula qarTveli xalxis warsuliT da misi kulturiT.
aleqsandre xaxanaSvili daibada gorSi, daamTavra Tbilisis
vaJTa pirveli gimnazia, Semdeg friadebiT daasrula moskovis un-
iversitetis istoriul-filologiuri fakulteti, sadac 1900 wl-
idan, rogorc privat-docenti, leqciebs kiTxulobda qarTuli
istoriisa da literaturis sakiTxebze. ukve misma pirvelive nabe-
Wdma Sromebma “xalxuri poeziis kvali qarTul matianeSi” (“Sle-
dj narodnoy po+zii v gruzinskoy letopisi”) da ,,batonymoba saqar-
TveloSi ruseTTan mis mierTebamde" (,,Krepostnoe pravo v Gruzii
do prisoedineni% ee k Rosii”) dagvarwmuna mis WeSmarit mowodeba-
56
Si da is profesorebis geries, vinogradovis, kliuCevskis, miler-
is erT-erT saukeTeso mowafed warmogvidga.
Tavisi xanmokle sicocxlis (1864-1912) manZilze aleqsandre
xaxanaSvilma Seqmna 180-ze meti naSromi literaturis, istoriis,
arqeologiis, pedagogikis, eTnografiis da a.S. sakiTxebze.
akademikos ivane javaxiSvilis azriT, “moskovSi aleqsandre
xaxanaSvilis samecniero Sromis Sedegad rusul sazogadoebas
SesaZlebloba mieca,YTavisuflad garkveuliyo qarTuli kultu-
ris sakiTxebSi. saimedod gamyarda is safuZveli, romelic misma
didebulma winamorbedebma Cayares _ ufliswulma vaxuStim, mefe
vaxtangma, profesorma serebriakovma (oqromWedliSvili) da sxve-
bma. es is samecniero skolaa, romelic moskovSi Caisaxa da Tavis
momaval moRvaweebs elodeba, rogorc es qarTuli samecniero az-
ris uZveles centrebSi _ palestinaSi, sinas mTaze da aTonSi
iyo”.
aleqsandre xaxanaSvilis moRvaweobis periodSi peterburgSi
kavkasiologiis sarbielze meore didi swavluli _ profesori
niko mari moRvaweobda. cnobilia, rom aleqsandre xaxanaSvilma,
pirvelma qarTvel mecnierTa Soris, SeuRo samecniero taZris ka-
ri qarTvelologias, rogorc konkretul mecnierebas. swored am
orma didma mecnierma Seuqmna rusuli sazogadoebis farTo
wreebs warmodgena Cveni da mTeli kavkasiis xalxis kulturasa
da istoriaze. maT saerTaSoriso asparezzec gaitanes qarTuli
kultura.
profesor aleqsandre xaxanaSvilis saxeli CemTvis pirvel-
ad cnobili gaxda 1905-1906 wlebSi quTaisis realuri saswavleb-
lis maRal klasebSi swavlis dros, misi im droisaTvis Zalian
popularuli “narkvevebis” wyalobiT. maT TavdaviwyebiT kiTxu-
lobda erovnul-revoluciuri grigaliT moculi axalgazrdoba.
am naSromis wakiTxva da safuZvliani Seswavla yoveli moswavle
axalgazrdis Rirsebad iTvleboda.
amis Semdeg ra gasakviria, rom gastudentebulma orma Zmam _
me da grigolma _ 1906 wlis Semodgomaze moskovSi pirvelad
Casvlisas Cvens movaleobad CavTvaleT mivsuliyaviT Tanamemamu-
le profesorTan, mTeli quTaisis axalgazrdobis didi pativis-
cema gamogvecxadebina “qarTuli sityvierebis istoriis narkveve-
bis” avtorisaTvis da gveambna misi mSobliuri saqarTvelos am
kuTxis yofis Sesaxeb.
Cveni stumrobiT profesori Zalian kmayofili darCa, gvTxo-
va, momavalSic vwveodiT, miT umetes, rom bina mis mezoblad
gvqonda daqiravebuli. iqidan moyolebuli, Cven xSirad daviare-
bodiT Zvirfas maswavlebelTan. vxvdebodiT, agreTve, universite-
tSi mis leqciebze kavkasiologiaSi.
me cocxlad maxsovs aleqsandre xaxanaSvilis mimzidveli
garegnoba, misi gamxdari, patara tanis odnav moxrili figura,
simpaTiuri, madlmofenili saxe Savi wveriT, ukan gadavarcxnili
sqeli TmiT, kupriviT Savi metyveli TvalebiT, romlebic saTva-
lis oqros CarCodan imzirebodnen.
briusovis SesaxvevSi profesori sadad cxovrobda, bolSaia
nikitskaiasa da tverskaias Soris (amJamad gercenisa da gorkis
quCebi), “ruskie vedomostis” redaqciis maxloblad. misi bina
mesame sarTulze wignebiT savse ori didi oTaxisagan Sedgeboda.

57
saerTod, masTan Sesvlisas SeamCnevdiT, rom mTel mis avladide-
bas mxolod didi biblioTeka Seadgenda.
aleqsandre xaxanaSvili kavkasiis didi patrioti da yvela
erovnebis progresul ZalTa gaerTianebis uryevi momxre iyo. man
Tavisi mdidari biblioTeka, gansakuTrebiT, kavkasiologiaze ga-
mocemuli friad iSviaTi wignebi lazarevis aRmosavluri enebis
instituts uanderZa (axla is erevanSia).
aleqsandre xaxanaSvili araCveulebrivad Sromismoyvare ada-
miani iyo: lazarevis aRmosavluri enebis institutSi leqciebs
saqarTvelos istoriasa da literaturaze kiTxulobda, moskovis
universitetSi ki, garda amisa, kavkasiologiaSic. iyo rusuli si-
tyvierebis pedagogi moskovis uZveles saswavlo dawesebulebaSi
_ qalTa pirvel gimnaziaSi; is iricxeboda agreTve gazeT “rus-
kie vedomostis” redaqciis wevrad, TanamSromlobda JurnalebSi
“ruskaia misl”, “vestnik evropi”, “vestnik vsemirnoi istorii”,
“etnografiCeskoe obozrenie” da sxva, werda agreTve statiebs
kavkasiasa da mis moRvaweebze brokhauzisa da efronis “enciklo-
pediur leqsikonSi”. xaxanaSvili uyuradRebod arc qarTul Jur-
nal-gazeTebs tovebda, romlebSic Tavis statiebs aTavsebda.
mas uwignod ver naxavdiT. morigi samecniero naSromis wera
misi yoveldRiuri saqmianoba gaxldaT, romelsac seriozuli
sababis gareSe ar miatovebda.
igi didi Sinayuda iyo da saRamoobiT arsad gavidoda, Tu
ara raime samecniero sxdoma an warmodgena TeatrSi. xaxanaSvils
megobrebTanac ki ar uyvarda saqeifod siaruli. amitom Cven fri-
ad gakvirvebulni davrCiT, roca CvenTan binaze a.lomaZem Semoi-
ara Tavis qorwilze misapatiJeblad, gagvafrTxila, rom iq pro-
fesori xaxanaSvilic iqneboda, mTxova gzad masTan Semevlo da
qorwilSi mimeyvana.
rogorc Semdgom SevityveT, qorwilze daswrebaze Zalian
Znelad miucia Tanxmoba, mxolod mas Semdeg, rac gaigo, rom
Cvenc viqnebodiT. Cven xaxanaSvili gansakuTrebiT gvendoboda.
stumrad bevri xalxi iyo, gansakuTrebiT qaliSvilebi, rom-
lebic “axalgazrda mimzidvel swavluls exveodnen” (Tanac uco-
los!). iq didi mxiaruleba sufevda, magram xaxanaSvili yvelaf-
ris mimarT gulgrili iyo. is sufrasTan Cven gverdiT ijda, ar
Wamda, ar svamda da mxolod mdumared akvirdeboda stumrebs. qe-
if-nadimebs miuCveveli, cxadia, aseT xmaurian sazogadoebaSi
Tavs ucxod grZnobda, guli saxlisaken, Cveuli samuSaosaken miu-
wevda da, marTlac, rogorc ki etiketiT SesaZleblad miiCnia, ma-
Sinve wavida.
amiT imis Tqma ar minda, rom profesori xaxanaSvili anaqo-
retad * cxovrobda da sazogadoebas gaurboda; magram mas mxo-
lod axloblebTan SeeZlo yofna, isic, SeZlebisdagvarad, saqmi-
an viTarebaSi. ar sCveoda samuSaos mowyveta, magram, aucileblo-
bis SemTxvevaSi, Tu saWiro iyo vinmesTvis saqmiani daxmareba,
gansakuTrebiT, moswavle axalgazrdobisaTvis, is gulwrfelad
mzad iyo, Seewira misTvis ZviradRirebuli dro. leqciebze Zali-
an TavdaWerili iyo, Tavis kurss gatacebiT kiTxulobda. studen-
tebis mimarT yovelTvis keTilganwyobils, arasodes dascdeboda
mkvaxe sityva.
*
anaqoreti (berZn.) _ gandegili, meudabnoe.
58
 misi gulisxmiereba xom yovelgvar zRvars scildeboda nebi-
smieri kulturuli wamowyebis mimarT, gansakuTrebiT, Tu is saqa-
rTvelos da mis kulturas exeboda.
kidev erTi saintereso faqti. 1910 wels, Cemi da Cemi Zmis
grigolis iasnaia polianadan dabrunebis Semdeg, grigolma stu-
dentTa literaturuli wris sxdomaze Tavis STabeWdilebaTa Se-
saxeb moxseneba waikiTxa. roca es aleqsandre xaxanaSvilma Seit-
yo, friad kmayofilma griSas naSromiT, is Tavisi sarekomenda-
cio baraTiT dauyovnebliv gaugzavna Tbilisis gazeT “zakavka-
zies” redaqcias. rogori iyo Cveni da Cveni yvela kolega-axlob-
lis sixaruli, roca garkveuli drois Semdeg batonma profesor-
ma gadmogvca gazeTi “zakavkazie”, sadac griSas werili iyo dabe-
Wdili. es axalgazrduli sixaruli dauviwyaria! aseTi sasiamov-
no siurpriziT waxalisebulma Cemma Zmam xaxanaSvils Tavisi meo-
re naSromi aCvena, isic studentur wreSi wakiTxuli _ “daviT
guramiSvili da qarTvelTa dasaxleba malorosiaSi”, romelic
agreTve gazeT “zakavkazieSi” daibeWda or gverdze.
1912 wels me da grigolma davamTavreT Cveni Ziebani SoTa
rusTavelis portretisa, romelic tradiciuli wveris gareSe
davxateT. cxadia, raki ar vicodiT, ramdenad daakmayofilebda
Cveni interpretacia genialuri poetis TayvanismcemelTa farTo
wreebs, didxans vikavebdiT Tavs misi gamoqveynebisagan, Tumca
bevri Cveni megobari moskovSi da im dros cnobili mxatvari g.b.
iakulovic ki gviqebdnen namuSevars.
aleqsandre xaxanaSvilic, agreTve, kmayofili darCa portre-
tiT. sxvaTa Soris, man isic aRniSna, rom dRes ukve tradiciuli
wveri saqarTveloSi mogvianebiT, dekadansis periodSi sparseTis
gavleniT damkvidrda; da amdenad, rusTaveli wvers albaT ar
atarebdao. poetis Tavdapirveli portreti, romelic safuZvlad
daedo Semdgom mis tradiciul wverian portretebs, Seqmnili iyo
ucnobi avtoris mier (albaT beris) swored dekadansis epoqaSi,
roca wveri mamakacis saxis ganuyrel atributad miiCneoda.
rogorc cnobilia, aleqsandre xaxanaSvili bavSvobidan sus-
ti janmrTelobiT gamoirCeoda. bolo wlebSi, gansakuTrebiT 1908
wlidan, is ukve Tavs Zalian cudad grZnobda. amitom me da Cemi
Zma xSirad vaxsenebdiT Cveni mSobliuri kuTxis gamajansaRebeli
klimatis gansakuTrebulobas, vTxovdiT, zafxulSi CvenTan, raWa-
Si daesvena (marTalia, maSin Sovis xsenebac ar iyo, magram iyo
uwera da sxva). batonma aleqsandrem CvenTan Camosvla 1911 wlis
zafxulSi gadawyvita, mogvwera kidec, magram danapirebis Sesru-
leba veRar SeZlo. Cveni maswavleblis da megobris akuratulad
daweril baraTs me axlac vinaxav, rogorc Zvirfas reliqvias.
1912 wlis gazafxulze, zafxulis ardadegebze moskovidan
wamosvlis win, me, Cemma Zmam da kidev ramdenime studentma Cvens
Zvirfas profesorTan erTad fotosuraTi gadaviReT. imave wlis
zafxulSi ki igi aResrula.
aleqsandre xaxanaSvilis gardacvalebis wlisTavze, mosko-
vis sinoduri saswavleblis did darbazSi, bolSaia nikitskaiaze,
sadac mravlad iyvnen misi aRzrdilni da Tayvanismcemelni, Cata-
rda gamoCenili mecnieris xsovnisadmi miZRvnili “qarTuli mecni-
erebis, literaturisa da xelovnebis sazogadoebis” Ria sxdoma,
romelsac kompozitori dimitri arayiSvili xelmZRvanelobda.

59
moxsenebebiT gamovidnen: profesorebi ianCuki, krimovi, durnovo,
dimitri arayiSvili, Cemi Zma grigoli (“aleqsandre xaxanaSvili,
rogorc qarTuli literaturis istorikosi”) da me (“aleqsandre
xaxanaSvilis pirovnebis daxasiaTebisaTvis”).
popularuli mecnieris, sazogado moRvawis, istorikosis, fi-
lologis, eTnografis, kavkasiologisa da, saerTod, enciklope-
diuri codnis mqone sayvareli adamianis sikvdilma didi tkivili
miayena saqarTvelos yoveli kuTxis mcxovrebT. gazeTebi da Jur-
nalebi erTsulovnad aRniSnavdnen did, aunazRaurebel danak-
liss.
,,aleqsandre xaxanaSvili yovelnairad Seecada bunebisagan
boZebuli niWi da unari ganeviTarebina da mowiwebiT daedo igi
samSoblosa da mTeli kacobriobis keTildReobis samsxverplo-
ze, _ werda gazeTi “Temi”, _ is erTgulad emsaxureboda Tavisi
qveynis kulturis aRorZinebis saqmes, mas miuZRvna mTeli Tavisi
axalgazrduli Zala da energia.
gansvenebulma mSobliur qveyanas Seswira yvelaferi, rac
ebada.
profesor xaxanaSvilis saxeli damsaxurebulad daiWers sap-
atio adgils im saxelebs Soris, romlebmac samudamod daimkvid-
res adgili Cveni xalxis gulebSi”.
didebuli akaki wereTeli, romelic imxanad CvenTan, raWa-
leCxumSi stumrobda, friad daanaRvliana axalgazrda mecnieris
dakargvam, romelmac ver moaswro Tavisi bolo sityvis Tqma mec-
nierebaSi; akakim gulistkiviliT, grZnobiT gamsWvaluli sityviT
mimarTa xalxs da aRniSna: ,,marTalia, garemoebebma ganusazRvres
gansvenebul profesors samSoblodan moSorebiT cxovreba, mag-
ram is iqidanac axerxebda Tavisi niWi da SesaZlebloba CvenTvis
Semoewira. is kelaptariviT iwvoda da CrdiloeTidan mecnierebis
SuqiT unaTebda mSobel qveyanas. aseTi adamiani ar kvdeba, is mu-
dam icocxlebs mis gamomzrdel xalxTan erTad”, _ daamTavra
sityva poetma.
marTlac, Tavdadebuli muSakis da mecnieris, saqarTvelos
mgznebare patriotis, kavkasiis yvela eris progresuli Zalebis
gaerTianebis mgznebare qomagis, Cvens qveyanaSi mecnieruli azris
ganviTarebis saqmeSi didi wvlilis Semtanis, profesor aleqsan-
dre xaxanaSvilis xsovna dResac cocxalia.

Sexvedra anatol fransTan

did frang mweral anatol fransTan Sexvedras ufro ue-

car SefeTebas vuwodeb da mexsierebaSi axlac sasoebiT vinaxav
am faqts, rogorc Cemi siWabukis erT-erT ulamazes epizods.
SemTxveva iSviaTi da metad sainteresoa, Tumca cota xmama-
Rla kia naTqvami „Cemi Sexvedra anatol fransTan“ da vSiSob, am
TiTqos daujerebelma faqtma, romelmac maSin didi siamaye ganma-
cdevina, erTgvari gamonagonis STabeWdileba ar Seuqmnas mkiTx-
vels.
magram is, rasac axla mogaxsenebT, Tavidan bolomde sru-
li WeSmaritebaa.
60
 1913 wlis zafxuli idga, me jer kidev Cems studentur bina-
Si vcxovrobdi. im zafxuls raRac saqmeze Sevyovndi moskovSi; Ce-
mi Zma griSa ukve wamosuli iyo zafxulis ardadegebze.
kvira dRe iyo. Sin vijeqi da msaxuris mier samovarTan er-
Tad Semotanil dilis gazeTebs vaTvalierebdi. uceb, axali ambe-
bis rubrikaSi Tvali movkari cnobas, rom im dRes dilis mata-
rebliT samSobloSi miemgzavreboda frangi mwerali anatol
fransi, romelic Turme moskovSi yofiliyo stumrad.
_ anatol fransi?!... – gancvifrebisagan zeze wamoviWeri.
am did mwerals, did humanists, safrangeTis akademiis
wevrs da nobelis premiis laureats Rrma pativs vcemdi mudam.
myis Tvalwin damidga masTan erTad frang mweralTa mTeli ple-
ada – viqtor hiugo, floberi, balzaki, emil zola da yvela isi-
ni, msoflios rom anaTeben TavianTi ukvdavi SemoqmedebiT.
RmerTo Cemo, rogor moxda, rom anatol fransi moskovSi
yofila da amis Taobaze gazeTebi arafers iuwyebodnen!
rogorc mwerali da moazrovne, is didi figura gaxldaT
imdroindel evropaSi da didi saxelic hqonda mTel kulturul
msoflioSi.
tyuilad ki ar wers konstantine gamsaxurdia 1924 wliT da-
TariRebul werilSi, romelic anatol fransis gardacvalebisad-
mia miZRvnili da Setanilia misi Txzulebebis me-6 tomSi: „ana-
tol fransi ukanaskneli iyo did kacTa Soris, romelnic adami-
ans acvifreben TavianTi universaluri mravalmxrivobiT“ da rom
igi „renesansis yalibis mweralia, poeti, novelisti, kritikosi,
istorikosi...“
bunebis did katastrofas adarebs didi qarTveli mwerali
anatol fransis gardacvalebas:
_ „SemcxadebeliviT daiwivla radiom da ramdenime wuTSi
mTeli kulturuli kacobrioba SeSfoTda am katastrofisagan.“
im dros, romelzedac me mogaxsenebT, anatol fransi prog-
resulad moazrovneTa Soris ufro iyo popularuli da vfiqrob,
albaT, amis gamo Caiara uxmaurod misma moskovSi stumrobam da
masTan Sexvedrebma.
mokled, wavikiTxe Tu ara gazeTSi, rom anatol fransi di-
lis matarebliT miemgzavreboda samSobloSi, sulma wamZlia da
am Zvirfasi adamianis sanaxavad wavedi. bednierad vigrZnobdi
Tavs, Tavisuflebismoyvare safrangeTis es didebuli mwerali
Tundac Soridan rom menaxa!.. – cda bedis monaxevrea, unda wavide!
maSinve Cems wignebSi saTuTad Semonaxuli matareblebis mi-
mosvlis ganrigi movnaxe, davxede saaTs da davrwmundi, rom Tavi-
suflad SemeZlo mimeswro matareblisaTvis. mxolod simartove
mawuxebda. tyupi Zmis gareSe arsad ar davdiodi da, miT ufro, as-
eT viTarebaSi. griSa rom CemTan yofiliyo, orTave ufro Tamamad
SevxvdebodiT mwerals.
mainc ar gavitexe ixtibari, mezobel oTaxSi myof or stud-
ents Cemi ganzraxva gavuziare da rkinigzis sadgurze wayola vT-
xove.
_ biWebo! – SevZaxe karis gaRebisTanave, _ gazeTidan gavige,
rom moskovSi anatol fransi yofila stumrad, dRes diliT ki
matarebliT parizSi miemgzavreba. Tu dro gaqvT, wavideT da
gavaciloT.

61
 – rao? anatol fransio?... mereda magisaTvis kargav dros?!
ra axirebuli xalxi xarT es filologebi Tu istorikosebi...
am ori axalgazrdidan igori maTematikosi iyo da sxva ram
naklebad ainteresebda, magram arc momavali filologi valeri
Sexvda Cems winadadebas aRtacebiT.
_ anatol fransi didi mweralia, kolega, magram mas imdeni
gamcilebeli eyoleba, rom mis naxvas verc moaxerxebT. dRes kvi-
raa. darCiT da sokolnikebisaken gaviaroT. dajeqiT, jer adrea.
vilaparakoT.
magram me maTTan salaparakod ukve aRar mecala. saCqarod
davixure qudi, rakiRa im dros uqudod quCaSi gasvla ar iyo „mo-
daSi“ da burTiviT gavvardi tveris quCaze.
riT mivsuliyavi vagzalze, rom ar damgvianeboda? „lixaC-
ebs“ CemTvis ar ecalaT, „vankebi“ ki sandoni ar iyvnen, damagviane-
bdnen. mrCeboda erTaderTi: tramvai... aba sad iyo dRevandeli Cve-
ni taqsi, an Tundac avtobusi da sazogadod iseTi swrafi trans-
porti, rogoric dRes gvaqvs.
erTiRa mrCeboda _ unda davlodebodi tramvais da asec
moviqeci. gaCerebisaken aviRe gezi da davdeqi sxvebTan erTad puS-
kinis Zeglis maxloblad.
tramvai im dros pirdapir midioda „strastnois“ – dRevan-
deli puSkinis moednis gavliT, sokolnikebidan tveris quCiT bre-
stis – dRes belorusiis – vagzlamde, saidanac im dros evropis
qalaqebisaken mimavali matareblebi gadiodnen.
vdgavar gaCerebaze da sakmaod vRelav. TiTqos jibrze, ara
da ar Cans nanatri tramvai. Tan fiqri mawvalebs _ Rirs Tu ara
ase dagvianebiT sadgurze wasvla? egeb arc ki Rirdes! modi, isev
sokolnikSi wavyvebi mezoblebs, es ufro Wkvianuri iqneba ...
am dros mgzavrebiT „axorxlili“ tramvaic gamoCnda. jiqur
aviWer gaWedili vagonis baqanze, rogorc ki rkinigzis sadgurze
mivedi, saCqarod gadmovxti da SurduliviT gaveqane baqnisaken.
matareblis gasvlamde wuTiRa rCeboda. is iyo rkinigzis
sadguris baqanis bileTis SesaZenad salarosTan mivirbine, rom
mesame zaric darekes. molarem zed cxvirwin momixura sarkmeli.
Zalian Sevwuxdi _ pirdapir xelidan mecleboda didi mwer-
lis naxvis saSualeba, magram Tavs zeviT Zala ar iyo.
rkinigzis sadguris baqnidan didZali xalxi brundeboda,
romelTa umetesi nawili frangulad laparakobda. bednierad Cav-
Tvale isini, radgan ukve gaecilebinaT didi mwerali da axla
Sin brundebodnen. me ki iRbali ara mqonia!
ukan gamovbrundi da is iyo moedans mivaRwie, rom isev SevC-
erdi da kvlav baqnisaken movkurcxle.
iq ukve sruli sicariele iyo. Zexorcieli ar WaWanebda. vx-
edav liandagebze raRac matarebeli dgas. iqve erTi konduqtori
sastveniT raRac niSans aZlevs memanqanes... zari, marTalia, dare-
kili iyo, magram matarebeli mainc ar iZroda adgilidan.
zafxulis mziani dRe iyo, mgzavrebs sarkmlebi gaeRoT da
gareT iyurebodnen. baqani maRali iyo da amis gamo kupeSi msxdom-
Tac ki kargad vxedavdi.
vagonis erT kupeSi or mgzavrs Sevavle Tvali. isini Ria
sarkmelTan idgnen da saqmianad baasobdnen. metad eleganturad

62
da lamazad ecvaT. erTi maTgani TiTqos vicani da mravalmniSvne-
lovnad mivapyari mzera.
_ vah, es xom anatol fransia?! – wamoviyvire Cemdauneburad,
_ anatol fransia!...
ruxi, axali kostumi ecva, romelic ise uxdeboda mis aris-
tokratul figuras, rom sxvaTagan aSkarad gamoirCeoda.
SekreWili Tma-wveriTa da maRali cxviriT daviT kldiaSvi-
lis gmirs – imerel aznaurs – Camohgavda.
_ diax, es anatol fransia, _ erTxel kidev gavimeore gul-
Si da nerviulad avwrialdi.
Cemda iRblad anatolma Tvali momkra cariel baqanze kent-
ad mosiarule axalgazrdas, „dagvianebul mayars“ da Tanamgzavrs
raRac gadaulaparaka.
amas arc movelodi da, cxadia, SevkrTi kidec, magram maSin-
ve gabedulad gadavdgi nabiji, sarkmelTan mivedi da Tanamosaub-
reebs mdablad davukari Tavi. sul uvicad rom ar CaveTvale stu-
mrebs, frangulad oriode winadadeba Sevakowiwe da mivmarTe: _
ra dasanania, rom frangulad ar vlaparakob! _ da maSinve gada-
vedi rusulze da movaxsene did stumars, rom erovnebiT qarTve-
li var, moskovis universitetis studenti.
_ JorJien, _ gadaulaparaka man Tavis Tanamgzavrs.
_ saqarTvelodan-meTqi, _ davumate rixianad.
_ georgia, _ kidev gaimeora anatol fransma da Tavic dami-
qnia imis niSnad, rom man aRniSnuli qveyana kargad icoda.
_ me Tqveni Semoqmedebis mxurvale Tayvanismcemeli var, _
ganvagrZe Cemi sityva, _ da roca Tqveni aq yofna gavige, gadavwyvi-
te, aucileblad SegxvedrodiT da qarTveli studentebis saxel-
iT, romlebic aseve Tqveni gulmodgine mkiTxvelebi arian, gadmo-
meca uRrmesi pativiscema da siyvaruli.
_ nu geSinia sikvdilisa, geSinodes sircxvilisa, _ mainc
CamZaxoda Zveli andaza yurSi, radgan vSiSobdi, ar Sevrcxveni-
liyavi es Tavmoyvare ymawvili, magram imasac vgrZnobdi, rom yve-
laferi rigze midioda.
is iyo saqarTveloze unda meTqva oriode sityva, rom am
dros isev gaisma sastvenis xma...
_ eeh, ra dros mimuxTla! – gavifiqre gunebaSi, _ ra dros
mimuxTla! – magram, gulaxdilad rom vTqva, mesiamovna kidec, ra-
dgan mRelvarebisa da daZabulobisagan gavTavisufldi. mwerals
Rimili auTamaSda saxeze. vigrZeni, rom Cemi sityvebi esiamovna.
man isev raRaca gadaulaparaka Tarjimans, romelmac Tavis mxriv
gadmomca anatol fransis sityvebi: _ moxaruli var, moxaruli...
gmadlobT!
amasobaSi matarebelic daiZra. didma mweralma sarkmlidan
megobrulad gamomiwoda marjvena da imave saamo RimiliT magrad
CamomarTva xeli.
matarebelma siCqares umata, magram anatol fransi marjvena
xels mainc ar miSvebda; TiTqos didi xnis megobrebi vyofili-
yaviT.
_ mSvidobiT, mSvidobiT, dido xelovano! – vCurCulebdi me
CemTvis da, vidre SemeZlo, gverdSi mivyvebodi daZrul matare-
bels.
_ mSvidobiT, keTili mgzavroba!...

63
 da roca matarebelma siCqare aiRo, erT adgilze gavCerdi
da niSnad gulTbili gamoTxovebisa, manam vuqnevdi xels, vidre
ukanaskneli vagoni Tvals ar miefara.
yvelaferi kargad dasrulda.
Sin dabrunebamde tveris bulvarSi gaseirneba gadavwyvite,
raTa vinme nacnobi an megobari Semxvedroda da Cemi Tavgadasava-
li meambna. saamisod zedgamoWrili iyo puSkinis ZeglTan jdoma.
gumanma ar mimtyuna.
iq, marTlac, aRmoCnda Cveni ramdenime studenti, romlebic
Zveli Taobis qarTvelebs Sexvedrodnen da maTTan saubrobdnen.
isini grZel merxebze isxdnen Zeglis pirdapir.
me jiqur miviWer maTTan da yvelaferi dawvrilebiT vuambe.
_ anatol fransi? saidan sadao, wmindao sabao?... franss aq
ra undoda? –gaioces maT.
_ saqmec isaa, rom yofila da Cven ki WurSi visxediT Tur-
me. mec xom dRes gavige da movaswari kidec misi gacileba! _
vxarobdi me.
megobrebma Semaqes da kmayofilni darCnen, rom qarTveli
studentebis saxeliTac mivesalme did frangs.
_ yoCaR, ai, yoCaR! – gaiZaxodnen isini.
_ es ubralo ambavi rodia, megobrebo. es SemTxveva, SesaZ-
loa, anatol fransis dRiurSiac ki moxvdes! – Tqva ali arseni-
Svilma, romelmac oriode wuTis win, sanam me am ambavs vyvebodi,
jer guliT icina, mere ki dananebiT warmoTqva: _ rogor vwuxvar,
lado, rom diliTve ver Segxvdi! Torem mec uTuod wamovidodi!
ra samwuxaroa, rom aseTi iSviaTi SemTxveva gavuSvi xelidan!
iuridiuli fakultetis studenti ali arseniSvili mwerl-
obis didi trfiali iyo da moskovSi bevr Semoqmedsac piradad
icnobda, zogierTs megobrobda kidec.
karga xans visxediT grZel merxze puSkinis ZeglTan, vidre
am saintereso laparakiT gulnajerebi sergo wereTeli Tavisebu-
ri sidinjiT ar wamoimarTa. sergo provizori iyo, ukve xanSi
Sesuli, metad mimzidveli qarTveli, didi patrioti da eris mo-
Wirnaxule, amasTan, literaturisa da xelovnebis kargi mcodne.
_ gmadlobT, axalgazrdebo, aseTi mSvenieri saubrisaTvis.
axla ki droa, dagSordeT... _ Tqva man wasvlisas da daumata, _
Cvens Zvirfas lados es SesaniSnavi ambavi kidev didxans eyofa
salaparakod.
_ da saamayodac, batono sergo, saamayodac! anatol franss
ase oilad quCaSi ver Sexvdebi, miT ufro salaparakod... es iSvia-
Ti SemTxvevaa! unikaluri!... – gamoexmaura mas iaSa kupraZe, misi
axalgazrda megobari, mere isic wamodga wasasvlelad.
_ ra daudgromlebi xarT Zmebi jafariZeebi, _ gviTxra erT-
xel erTma megobarma, viTom xumrobiT, _ tolstois ambavi ar ge-
yoT, axla anatol fransTan mogexalisaT Sexvedra?!... ufro daba-
li rangis xalxi ar gainteresebT Tu rogoraa Tqveni saqme...
amis Tqma iyo da uceb metad sawyeni ram amomitivtivda gon-
ebaSi, _ fransTan Sexvedrisas Tan rom ar mqonda ilia WavWavaZis
„glaxis naambobi“. Torem me, rogorc mTargmneli, saCuqrad mivar-
Tmevdi. igi dainteresdeboda wignis avtoriT, misi vinaobiT da,
SesaZlebelia, franguladac ki eTargmna. ai, ra ver SevZeli im
dRes me, misma qarTvelma gamcilebelma.

64
 SemdgomSi, roca did mweralTan Cemi Sexvedra kidev ufro
gaxmaurda, bevri mirCevda, gansakuTrebiT, Cemi Zma griSa, rom mis-
Tvis werili da Cveni Targmnili „glaxis naambobi“ gamegzavna,
magram didi moridebulobis gamo, kadnierebad CavTvale da Tavi
Sevikave.
mere ki vinane, magram ukve gviani iyo.
erTi sityviT, mec ise unda movqceuliyavi, rogorc griSa.
man Tavis sayvarel norvegiel mwerals knut hamsuns gaugzavna
werili da Tan „vefxistyaosnis“ erTi egzemplaric daurTo saCuq-
rad, risTvisac male pasuxi miiRo mwerlis SesaniSnav fotoport-
retTan da gulTbil warwerasTan erTad. griSam am portretis as-
lebi gadaiRo da erTi mec miboZa. es ukve misi didi warmateba
iyo. Cven SegvZina knut hamsunis iSviaTi fotoportreti avtograf-
iT, xolo „vefxistyaosanma“ qarTuli kulturis didi saxeli gai-
yolia norvegiaSi. vin icis, iqneb aseTive Sedegi mohyoloda Cems
werils da „glaxis naambobs“, anatol fransisaTvis rom gameg-
zavna, magram es yvelaferi ocnebaa da meti araferi. sinamdvile
ki is gaxldaT, rac moxda da rac, Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, SeZlebis-
dagvarad, Tqvenc _ giambeT.

Sexvedrebi kompozitor dimitri arayiSvilTan

dimitri arayiSvilTan TiTqmis naxevarsaukunovani megobroba

makavSirebda. es dro grZeldeboda Cemi studentobis droidan
dawyebuli, vidre kompozitoris gardacvalebamde, e.i. 1953 wlis
CaTvliT.
am xangrZlivi drois manZilze imdeni Rirssaxsovari ram aR-
nusxa Cemma gonebam, rom, vfiqrob, Rirs im gardasulis gaxseneba.
minda imiT vinugeSo Tavi, rom arayiSvilis portreti ragind uxe-
irodac unda iyos dawerili, mainc ar iqneba sazogadoebisTvis
interess moklebuli.

1906 wlis gazafxulze me da griSam davamTavreT realuri

saswavlebeli da ardadegebi mSobliur raWaSi gavatareT, Semod-
gomaze ki gamoveTxoveT Sinaurebs, ~naCvev baRebs~, davsxediT
ezoSi Semosul orcxenian osur ~lineikaze~ da sayvarel adgil-
ebTan ganSorebiT guldawyvetilni gavudeqiT ruseTis gzas.
gaviareT uwera, Sovi, gadaviareT mamisonis Tvalwarmtaci
uReltexili, ardonis xeoba, qarTvelebiT dasaxlebuli alagiri
da mesame dRes kavkavSi CavediT. ramdenime dRis Semdeg ukve mos-
kovSi, universitetis Zveli Senobis win videqiT; Tvals gvWrida
misi maRali svetebi da Taviseburi xuroTmoZRvreba. mis rkinis
kibeebze TiTqos vxedavdiT CvenTvis sayvareli griboedovis, ler-
montovis, belinskis, botkinis, ogariovis, gercenisa da sxvaTa
saxeebs.
male qarTuli saTvistomoc _ e.w. `zemliaCestvoc~ _ Seikri-
ba da Cvenc iq aRmovCndiT. da ai, saTvistomos erT-erT krebaze

65
1906 wels pirvelad vnaxe dimitri arayiSvili. is studentTa kre-
baze qarTvelTa ufrosi Taobis zogierT warmomadgenelTan erT-
ad mosuliyo da saerTo erovnul sakiTxebze baasobda, kerZod,
morigi ~qarTuli saRamos~ warmodgenisa da iq qarTuli xalxuri
simRerebis gamotanis Sesaxeb. igi gatacebiT laparakobda qarT-
ul musikasa da simRerebze. misi gvari arakCievi iyo, saubris
kiloc zedmiwevniT rusuli hqonda. yuradRebas ipyrobda misi
mimzidveli da sandomiani saxe, mayvaliviT Savi Tvalebi da
swori, saSualo zomis cxviri.. Savi, sqeli da ukan gadavarcxni-
li Tma da patara wver-ulvaSi TiTqos ufro mis qarTvelobaze
metyvelebda.
erTma studentma dimitris Sesaxeb miTxra, _ dimitri qarTve-
lia, gvaric qarTuli aqvs da, rac mTavaria, qarTuli musikis
didi mcodne gaxlavTo.
es CemTvis namdvili aRmoCena iyo, radgan qarTuli musikis
mcodne im dros TiTqmis arc ki gvyavda; amitom dimitri imTavi-
Tve iseT pirovnebad warmomidga, vinc qarTuli erovnuli kul-
turis siyvaruliT anTebuliyo da misi samsaxurisaTvis gadaedo
Tavi. es man SemdegSi brwyinvaled daamtkica kidec da gamoCenil
qarTvel kompozitorebTan _ meliton balanCivaZesa da zaqaria
faliaSvilTan erTad qarTuli musikis aRmavlobas Sealia mTeli
Tavisi Zala da energia.
samSoblodan Soreul moskovSi gadaxvewilma qarTvelma ax-
algazrdebma gulwrfelad SeviyvareT es uangaro adamiani da es
siyvaruli SemdegSi mtkice megobrobaSi gadaizarda.

dimitri 1873 wels Rarib qarTul ojaxSi qalaq kavkavSi (ax-

landel orjonikiZeSi) dabadebula, sadac mSobliuri qarTuli
ena TiTqmis daviwyebodaT da Tavisi qveynis siyvarulis wyalo-
biT, mxolod suli TuRa hqondaT SerCenili. aTi wlis bavSvi fa-
rTlis patara savaWroSi miubarebiaT, saidanac mere sxvagan
gadauyvaniaT xelobis Sesaswavlad.
_ sad ar viyavi, ra xeloba ar movsinje, samzareuloSiac ki
vimuSave mzareulis xelobis dasaufleblad, magram mZime gaWir-
vebidan mainc ver amovZveri, _ gviambobda dimitri arayiSvili, _
kviraobiT eklesiaSic ki vgalobdi oriode groSis gulisaTvis...
•

da ai, erT dRes Wabuks TiTqos ca gaexsna, rodesac qalaq

armavirSi SemTxveviT Camosul qarTvel momReralTa gunds mous-
mina. am gunds cnobili lado aRniaSvili xelmZRvanelobda. im
dRidan qarTuli xalxuri musikis Seswavla gadaeqca dimitri
arayiSvils ocnebad. man gulmodgined mohkida xeli am WeSmari-
tad saSviliSvilo saqmes. erTxans iqaur musikalur wreebSi mu-
Saobis Semdeg, pirdapir moskovs ewvia da 1894 wels musikal-
ur-dramatul saswavlebelSi moewyo, romelic male brwyinvaled
daamTavra. im dRidan moskovi dimitris meore samSoblod iqca;
TiTqos xelmeored daibada igi, magram amjerad ukve qarTuli
musikisaTvis.

66
 •

amgvarad, dimitri arayiSvili im dros gavicani, rodesac is

jer kidev „arakCievi~ iyo, rac maSin, mogexsenebaT, Cveulebrivi
ram gaxldaT ararus xalxTa garusebis mizniT, nacionalur
gvarebs rusul yaidaze ukeTebdnen. ase, magaliTad: sumbaTov,
Tulaev, baxutov, Ciliaev, cicianov da ase Semdeg. TviT vaJa-
fSavelac ki _ razikaSvili, rogorc cnobilia, misi mowafeobis
dros saklaso JurnalSi razikovad ewera.
dimitri arayiSvilis am gziT gadakeTebuli gvaris gamo mos-
kovel studentebs didxans egonaT, rom aleqsandre pirvelis
cnobili favoriti, imdroindeli ruseTis faqtiuri diqtatori
ultrareaqcioneri a.arakCievic qarTuli warmoSobisa iyo. am
garemoebas isic uwyobda xels, rom a.arakCievis sofels novgo-
rodis guberniaSi „gruzino~ erqva ratomRac.
sinamdvileSi am Zvel rusul gvarsa da dimitri arayiSvilis
gadakeTebul gvars _ arakCievs Soris araviTari saerTo ar
arsebobda.
dimitri arayiSvilma bavSvobidanve gaiTavisa qarTuli war-
momavloba da miznad daisaxa Rrmad Seeswavla mSobliuri qar-
Tuli ena da qarTveli erisaTvis Sesaferisi samsaxuri gaewia. es
man moaxerxa kidec Tavisi SesaniSnavi musikiT. aRarafers vambob
qarTul enaze, romelic mSvenivrad Seiswavla...
dimitris mxolod mogvianebiT mieca saSualeba Tavisi gvari
_ arakCievi _ pirvandel qarTul yaidaze gadaekeTebina da amiT
mamapapeul samwysos dabruneboda.

1907 wlis Semodgomaze, rodesac qarTveli studentoba mori-

gi tradiciuli qarTuli saRamosaTvis emzadeboda, dimitrim mom-
ReralTa gundisaTvis Seumcdarad SearCia niWieri axalgazrdebi
da mTeli mondomebiT Seudga muSaobas.
tradiciuli qarTuli saRamoebi yovelwliurad tardeboda
e.w. „keTilSobilTa sakrebulos~ vrcel darbazebSi (axlandeli
profkavSirebis saxlis svetebian darbazebSi).
qarTuli saRamoebi im dros, ise rogorc moskovsa da ruse-
Tis sxva qalaqebSi, studentTa sasargeblod ewyoboda, saTvisto-
moebis materialuri bazis gasamagreblad; amasTanave, isini qarT-
uli kulturis _ simRerebis, cekvebis, Cacmulobis populariza-
ciisTvisac iyo gaTvaliswinebuli. Tan ecnobodnen qarTvel axa-
lgazrdobas. amitom yoveli qarTveli dainteresebuli iyo, es sa-
Ramoebi Rirseulad waremarTa.
rogorc vwerdi, qarTuli saRamoebi moskovSi aleqsandre
ivanes Ze sumbaTaSvili-iuJinis saxels ukavSirdeboda da didZal
xalxsac izidavda.
dimitri arayiSvilma SesaniSnavad moamzada momReralTa gun-
di da Tavadve udiriJora kantantas mis mier ukve Cafiqrebuli
da dawyebuli operidan: „Tqmuleba SoTa rusTavelze~.
am kantantam didi mowoneba daimsaxura damswre sazogadoeba-
Si, xolo qarTvelebs Cagvisaxa rwmena imisa, rom axlo momava-
lSi Cveni sakuTari erovnuli opera gveqneboda.
67
 •

wlebis ganmavlobaSi me da griSa davumegobrdiT dimitris,

romelic, marTalia, asakiT Cvenze ufrosi iyo, magram Tavazia-
nobis gamo arafers gvagrZnobinebda da ise megobrobda CvenTan,
rogorc TanatolebTan. ojaxSiac xSirad davdiodiT masTan
„presniaze~, sadac mas patara, SemoqmedebiTi muSaobisaTvis metad
mouxerxebeli, bina ekava. materialuradac ver iyo uzrunvelyo-
fili, magram bedis samduravi iSviaTad Tu dascdeboda:
_ ver momixerxebia, kaco, erT xeirian binaSi gadavide da Cems
sayvarel operas mivxedo. qarTvelebi musikaluri xalxi varT da
Cvens did literaturasTan erTad, droa, sakuTari operebic
gvqondes. da gveqneba kidec, ymawvilebo, sul male gveqneba.
operaze muSaobasTan erTad dimitri arayiSvili moskovis sa-
xalxo filarmoniaSi pedagogiur moRvaweobasac eweoda, Tan qar-
Tul simRerebsac ar iviwyebda. am simRerebiT cxovrobda igi, ma-
Ti bediT suldgmulobda. wuTs ar gauSvebda xelidan maT gasac-
nobad, Sesaswavlad. amis gamo dimitris Cveni qveynis yvela kuTxe
ainteresebda da studentebTanac niadag am sakiTxze saubrobda.
Cvenc xSirad gvekiTxeboda xolme raWis cxovrebasa da iqaur
xalxur simRerebze. 1908 wlis gazafxulze ki gamogvicxada, rom
zafxulSi uTuod wamovidoda raWaSi, gaecnoboda da Caiwerda
adgilobriv simRerebs, ise rogorc Cawerili hqonda qarTl-kaxu-
ri, megruli da mdinare Tergis piras mcxovreb qarTvelTa simRe-
rebi - Sesabamisad 1901, 1902 da 1904 wlebSi.
am ambavma Zalian gagvaxara. sazafxulo ardadegebze raWaSi
gamgzavrebis win xelaxla vinaxuleT Zvirfasi megobari da daw-
vrilebiT gavacaniT saekipaJo marSruti _ quTaisi_oni, romelic
im dros erTaderTi iyo raWaSi asasvlelad. gza metad cudi gax-
ldaT, magram safosto masala e.w. ~troikebiT~ gadahqondaT da
yoveli 17-20 kilometris Semdeg, axal sadgurebamde cxenebi ic-
vlebodnen, magram calkeuli mgzavrisaTvis ufro xelsayreli
iyo kerZo lineikebi, romlebic asockilometrian gzas quTai-
sidan onamde or dRes Tu dRenaxevars mainc andomebdnen. es imi-
tom, rom gza metad mouwyobeli gaxldaT. igi viwro zolad gas-
devda mdinare rionis napirs. SeuCvevel adamians SiSis zars
scemda Rrma, kldovani xeobebi da ucnauri mosaxvevebi.
vicodiT, rom Cveni Zvirfasi stumari aseT gzebze siaruls
Cveuli ar iyo, amitom vafrTxilebdiT da winaswar vaCvevdiT mis
siZneleebs.

marTlac, dimitri arayiSvili 1908 wlis zafxulSi raWaSi

amobrZanda da Tavisi stumrobiT yvelani Zalian gagvaxara. me da
griSa onSi SevegebeT, radgan winaswar viyaviT gafrTxilebulni.
quTaisidan onSi amosvlas ori dRe mondomeboda da amitom, Za-
lian daRlili, mainc didad kmayofili iyo, rom survili Seis-
rula. Cveni Sexvedris sixarulma ki daRliloba mTlad gada-
aviwya da is ori Tu sami kilometri onidan Cvens sofel Raramde
68
STabeWdilebebiT savse kompozitorma CvenTan saubarSi Seum-
Cnevlad gamoiara.

onSi dimitri arayiSvils Cveni saukeTeso momRerlebi gavac-

aniT, maT Soris cnobili sameulic: anton januaSvili, samson mi-
qiaSvili da petre jafariZe, romelTa xmaSewyobil simRerebs
mTel raWaSi gaeTqva saxeli. isini garegnuli silamaziTa da vaJ-
kacobiTac gamoirCeodnen. lamaz sxeulSi lamazi sulis arsebo-
bas es sameulic adasturebda. Cvenma sasiqadulo mweralma sergo
kldiaSvilma „patara moTxroba~ miuZRvna am sam axalgazrda mom-
Rerals da isini moTxrobaSi „sami muSketeris~ saxiT warmogvid-
gina.
kompozitors Zalian moewona maTi simRerebi, fonografzec
gadaiRo sagangebod, magram „namdvili~ raWuli simRerebis Casawe-
rad mainc adgilobrivi glexkacebisagan Semdgari gundis mosmena
moisurva, rogorc ufro uSualo, Seulamazebeli da bunebrivi.
im dros aseT momReralTa monaxva Zneli ar iyo, gansakuT-
rebiT `paraskeobas~, rodesac onSi bazrobaze raWis TiTqmis yo-
veli kuTxidan bevri sofleli iyrida Tavs. isini „qalaqSi~ saWi-
ro saqmeebsac agvarebdnen da xalxsac naxulobdnen. marTlac,
vis ar SexvdebodiT im dRes onSi, moxucsa da axalgazrdas, qal-
sa Tu kacs... amis gamo advili iyo momRerlis moZebna da masTan
gasaubreba...

bolos da bolos, dimitri arayiSvilma mravali simRera

Caiwera. mixeil jafariZem sofel xirxonisidan mezobeli glexe-
bic mouyvana. sergo kldiaSvilis imave moTxrobaSi mixeili „miS-
agos~ prototipia. swored am kacma Caawerina dimitri arayiSvils
maT mier saucxood naTqvami simRera _ „qvedrula adidebula~.
Rebelma momRerlebma ki _ „dalie, Cemo batono~, Rarelebma _
„qriste aRdga, gvixarodes, madli maxarebelsao~ da a.S. saqmis
Sesrulebas is gviadvilebda, rom yvelam kargad icoda, romel
sofelSi vin mReroda ukeT da Cvenc am saukeTesoebs vstumrob-
diT.
Cveni glexebi siamovnebiT modiodnen, gansakuTrebiT ki imis
Semdeg, rac gaiges, rom maT simRerebs `yuTSi iweren da inaxaven~.
isini Tavisi cnobismoyvareobiTa da gulubryvilobiT xSirad
acinebdnen dimitris. maxsovs, erTxel TavianTi simRera fono-
grafze moismines da erTmaneTs pirdaRebulni ekiTxebodnen: nuTu
am simReras marTla Cven vasrulebdiTo?.. yurebs ar ujerebdnen,
rom es maTi niWis gamonaSuqi iyo, maTi sulis xma, sevda, tki-
vili. isini Tvals ar aSorebdnen fonografis lilvakis brunvas,
saidanac maTi xmebi moismoda.
Tumca edisonis gamogonili es aparati simReras bgeris dau-
kargavad iwerda, cxadia, dRevandel Camwer aparatebTan Sedare-
bac ar SeiZleba. erTi kia, im droisTvis igi didi miRweva gax-
ldaT da misi meSveobiT araerTi xalxuri simRera gadaurCa
daviwyebas Tu srul dakargvas.
69
 dRes aravis aRar ukvirs Tanamedrove eleqtroakustikuri
Camweri, magram im dros fonografic ki aRtacebasa da gaognebas
iwvevda. TviT bevri ramis mnaxveli babuaCemic ki mwared Caafiqra
iman, rom erT dRes kompozitorma Cawerili xalxuri simRerebi
moasmenina.
_ mamiCemis suli ar wamiwydeba, es naswavli xalxi sul
gadarevs qveyanas! es ra gamougoniaT, Tqveni Wirime?!.. _ dananebiT
da naRvlianad Tqva man.
dimitrim simRerebis didi nawili onSi paraskeobas mosuli
glexebisagan Caiwera, magram axlo soflebis movla da maTi ad-
gilze mosmena mainc aucileblad miiCnia; wavediT kidec da unda
genaxaT, rogori TavdadebiT muSaobda yvelgan! saqmes mxolod is
arTulebda, rom dimitris mTis aRmarT-daRmarTebze siaruli Za-
lian uWirda. Cveni saxlis ukan, ferdobze „mJave wyali~ gadmo-
CuxCuxebs. gadavwyviteT, stumari iq agveyvana, wyalic daelia da,
rac mTavaria, Tvali moevlo Sodis ulamazesi mTisaTvis, rome-
lic vefxviviTaa gawolili cis dasasrulTan. aqedanve moCans
mdinare Rarulas iSviaTi silamazis xeobac, magram dimitrim
ferdobze asvla ver SeZlo da iZulebuli gavxdiT ukan davbru-
nebuliyaviT.
_ ara var, kaco, am aRmarTebs Cveuli da verc im cicabosken
vizam pirs, _ gveubneboda guldawyvetili stumari, _ rasac aqe-
dan vxedav, CemTvis isic sakmarisia...
dimitri arayiSvils gansakuTrebuli sixaruli mohgvara on-
Si misi moskoveli megobrebis moulodnelma Sexvedram. eseni iyv-
nen moskovis universitetis privatdocenti al. javaxiSvili, Sem-
degSi akademikosi, geografi da studenti vaxtang ciciSvili, ase-
ve, studentebi mixeil Tuxareli da mixeil daviTaSvili. isini
Cemi Zmis axlo megobrebic iyvnen da amitom maTi Sexvedra Cvenc
Zalian gvesiamovna. es megobrebi raWaSi movlinebulni iyvnen ad-
gilobriv xalxTa anTropologiuri gamokvlevisaTvis.
saqmeebs rom morCa, dimitri megobrebTan erTad quTaisisaken
gaemgzavra, iqedan ki moskovSi unda wasuliyo.
dimitri arayiSvilma raWaSi ormociode simRera Caiwera Se-
sabamis teqstebTan erTad, romlebic Semdeg mTlianad gadaamu-
Sava da Seitana Tavis wignSi: „Gruzinskoe narodnoe muzjkal>noe
tvorqestvo~. am wignSi moTavsebulia mTel saqarTveloSi Segro-
vili 225 xalxuri simRera da teqsti.
es wigni 1916 wels daibeWda moskovSi. mis Seqmnas kompozi-
torma didi Sroma moandoma. moskoveli asoTamwyobebi, romlebic
qarTul anbanSi ver erkveodnen, teqsts mxolod mimgvanebiT awyo-
bdnen, risTvisac dimitris sagangebo kaligrafiuli samuSaoebis
Catareba dasWirda. igi Tavad uwerda zust qarTul asoebs, ufro
ki uxatavda da amiT ostatebs muSaobas uadvilebda. TiTqmis yov-
eldRe dadioda stambaSi, Tvalyurs adevnebda asoTamwyobTa muS-
aobas, exmareboda asoebis moZebnaSi, raTa Zvirfasi wigni, SeZle-
bisdagvarad, uSecdomod dabeWdiliyo.
sabolood wigni sakmaod mozrdili gamovida, radgan masSi
Tavi moiyara rogorc aRmosavleT, ise dasavleT saqarTvelos
xalxurma da agreTve Crdilo kavkasiaSi Cawerilma e.w. qarTveli
kazakebis simRerebmac.

70
 xalxuri leqsebis anu teqstebis rusulad Targmna ki dimit-
rim Cven, qarTvel studentebs mogvando. man Tavis patara binaSi
dagvsxa: me da Cemi Zma grigoli, mixeil zandukeli, irakli amir-
ejibi, mixeil daviTaSvili da Cvenc, rogorc SegveZlo, saqme
bolomde miviyvaneT. roca wigni daibeWda, avtorma saTanado war-
weriT yvelas TiTo-TiTo cali gvisaCuqra.
es Zvirfasi wigni dResac amSvenebs Cems mokrZalebul patara
wignsacavs.
1910 wlis 4 noembers moskovis politeqnikuri muzeumis dar-
bazSi eTnografiuli sazogadoebis sxdomaze dimitri arayiSvil-
ma waikiTxa moxseneba, sadac daaxasiaTa maSindeli raWis patri-
arqaluri cxovreba da adgilobrivi simRerebi. aRniSna, rom isi-
ni metad harmoniulia, xasiaTdeba erTgvari simZimiT da enaTesa-
veba qarTl-kaxur simRerebso.
_ raWa Znelad misadgomia, _ Tqva momxsenebelma, _ da amitom
isev Zveleburad cxovrobs; mamapapuri tradiciebi jer kidev mtk-
icedaa SenarCunebuli iq da ojaxSi xSirad 40 da meti suli
cxovrobs. raWuli simRerebi samxmiania, mZime, magram harmoniuli.
man gamoTqva varaudi, rom raWulma simRerebma swored is
elementebi Semogvinaxa, rac odesRac axasiaTebda aRmosavleT da
dasavleT saqarTvelos simRerebs.
dimitri arayiSvilis moxsenebis Sesaxeb Cemma Zmam grigolma
„faiqomelis~ fsevdonimiT quTaisis gazeT „kutaiski listokSi~
(#202. 17.11.1910) dabeWda vrceli angariSi.

raWaSi yofnis dros dimitris ZiriTadad mamaCemi _ malaqia

jafariZe exmareboda. me da griSa, rogorc yovel zafxuls, maSi-
nac dakavebulni viyaviT dramatul warmodgenebSi monawileobiT.
raWis Soreul soflebSi siaruli advili saqme rodi iyo, magram
mamaCemica da dimitric siamovnebiT midiodnen yvelgan da iwer-
dnen uZvirfases xalxur simRerebs, romlebic dRes, SesaZloa,
aRarc ki gvqonoda.
mama TiTqmis erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi dahyveboda mas. Sem-
degSi dimitri gulTbilad igonebda mamasTan erTad raWis sof-
lebSi gatarebul dReebs da am ambavs 1952 wels patara werilic
miuZRvna.
_ am mogonebiT Tavadac visiamovne da minda Tqvenc gasiamov-
noT, Zmebo, _ gviTxra Zvirfasma megobarma da wasakiTxad gadmog-
vca mamaCemze dawerili mogoneba.
amis Semdgom mamaCemma madlobis werili miiRo moskovis eT-
nografiuli sazogadoebisagan, sadac aRniSnuli iyo is wvlili,
rac mamam miago im sazogadoebis wevrs dimitri arayiSvils _
„misi raWaSi mogzaurobis dros xalxuri simRerebis Sekrebisas
keTili da uangaro daxmarebisaTvis“. samadlobeli werili dimi-
trisac gavacaniT, romelic amis Taobaze Turme xSirad saubrob-
da xolme Cvens moskovel TanakurselebTan da xumrobiT dasZen-
da: ~jafariZeebi orRobeSi dgamen warmodgenebs, rom soflad
kulturas emsaxurono~.
es xumroba CvenTvis marto Seqeba ki ara, waxalisebac iyo.

71
 Cemi Zveli moskoveli amxanagebi dimitri mgalobliSvili da
solomon erisTavi, romelTac megobruli urTierToba hqondaT
dimitri arayiSvilTan, yovel Sexvedraze moigonebdnen xolme di-
mitris naxseneb „orRobes~. amgvarad, Cveni patara da uCinari mo-
Rvaweoba soflad dimitri arayiSvilma cnobili gaxada TviT mo-
skovSiac ki da amiT TiTqos madloba miago speqtaklebis yvela
monawiles, romlebmac mokrZalebuli wvlili Seitanes qarTuli
Teatris ganviTarebis saqmeSi.

dimitri arayiSvilis gacnobis pirvel wlebSi me da griSam

erTad davxateT misi portreti, romelic bunebriv zomaze cota
meti iyo. igi SevasruleT TeTr qaRaldze naxSiriT. am portret-
ze dimitri odnav gverdzea mibrunebuli da Zalian Svenis wver--
ulvaSi, axalgazrduli ieri da ukan gadavarcxnili gruza Tma.
Tavze fetris farTofarflebiani qudi axuravs, xolo mxrebs
lamazad mogdebuli pledi umSvenebs.
es portreti moskovidan saqarTveloSi CamovitaneT da igi
didxans amSvenebda Cvens binas, magram 1931 wels igi Cvenma mego-
barma, cnobilma xelovnebaTmcodnem daviT arseniSvilma Teatra-
luri muzeumisaTvis gvTxova, romelic im xanebSi man Tavad daa-
arsa. daviTs Cveni naxati gadaveciT, rogorc mciredi Sewirulo-
ba. samwuxarod, mas Semdeg is namuSevari aRarc minaxavs. mxolod
daviT arseniSvilis datovebuli xelwerili Tu Semaxsenebs xol-
me am namuSevars da metad vRondebi, radgan igi samudamod wavida
Cemgan, Tumca saimedo adgilzea daculi da iq gacilebiT ufro
saWiroa muzeumisTvisac da xalxisTvisac.
ramdenime xnis Semdeg gulma mainc ar momiTmina da portre-
ti zustad aRvadgine xelweriTac da imave zomiTac.
kompozitoris Tavdapirveli portreti gazeT `saqarTvelos~
suraTebian damatebaSi 1916 wlis ivlisSi (#29) daibeWda.

dimitri arayiSvili mudam mousvenari da saqmis erTguli

kaci iyo. moskovis qarTul sazogadoebaSi, romlis Seucvleli
Tavmjdomare aleqsandre sumbaTaSvil-iuJini gaxldaT, is mTeli
mondomebiT iRvwoda _ ivane TulaSvilTan, aleqsandre xaxanaSvi-
lTan, aleqsandre javaxiSvilTan, mixeil zandukelTan, niko xo-
ravasTan (eqimi) da sxvebTan erTad. dimitrim iq Camoayaliba „mec-
nierebis, xelovnebisa da literaturis qarTuli sazogadoeba.~
1913 wlis gazafxulze man ganizraxa Caetarebina am sazoga-
doebis Ria sajaro sxdoma, sadac unda aReniSnaT prof. al. xaxa-
naSvilis gardacvalebis wlisTavi. amis gamo me da griSac gagva-
frTxiles da gvTxoves, monawileoba migveRo im sxdomaze da
sityvebi mogvemzadebina. Cven jer viuareT, radgan gamosvla gvi-
wevda cnobil mecnierTa gverdiT da saerTod moskovis sazoga-
doebis winaSe, magram araviTarma uarma ar gaWra. male dimitrim
mosawvevi baraTebi daabeWdvina, romelSic naCvenebi iyo mTeli
saRamos programa da momxsenebelTa gvarebi, maT Soris _ Cvenic.
meti ra gza iyo, moxsenebebi davwereT da gamosasvlelad
movemzadeT.

72
 1913 wlis martSi sinoduri saswavleblis did darbazSi sa-
zogadoebis sajaro sxdoma Catarda (axlandel gercenis quCaze).
momxseneblebi iyvnen: prof. n.i.ianCuki, prof. a.e.krimski, qarTuli
eklesiis cnobili moamage n.n. durnovo, Cemi Zma grigoli, dimi-
tri da me.
didi darbazi savse iyo. blomad iyvnen lazarevis saxelobis
aRmosavluri enebis institutis warmomadgenlebi, sadac ZiriTa-
dad moRvaweobda gansvenebuli al. xaxanaSvili, kiTxulobda le-
qciebs da amave dros xelmZRvanelobda qarTvelologiis kaTed-
ras. bevri stumari iyo qalTa pirveli gimnaziidanac, iq gansvene-
buli profesori rusul sityvierebas aswavlida.
maxsovs, ra didebulad gamovida dimitri arayiSvili. sxdo-
maze man aseTi moxseneba waikiTxa: „ramdenime sityva musikal-
ur-eTnografiuli cnobebis Sesaxeb al. xaxanaSvilis SromebSi.~
dimitris Tavis gamosvlebSi sazogadod sCveoda Sinaarsis
siRrmiseuli warmoCena. igi pirdapir daxelovnebuli iyo am saq-
meSi. amasTan erTad, mas metad lamazi ena, diqcia da mdidari
leqsika hqonda.
grigolis moxsenebis saTauri aseTi gaxldaT _ „prof. al.
xaxanaSvili, rogorc qarTuli literaturis istorikosi~, Cemi
moxseneba ki ufro ubralod iyo dasaTaurebuli _ „prof. al.
xaxanaSvili~.
SemiZlia Tamamad da siamayiT vTqva, rom orTave moxsenebam
gaamarTla Cveni didi megobris imedebi. madlobac ki davimsaxu-
reT dimitrisgan, magram madloblebi Cven ufro unda vyofiliya-
viT, radgan swored man Segvaguliana gamoucdeli studentebi da
amiT farTo gza gagvixsna sazogadoebisaken.
am sxdomis mosawvev baraTs, dimitris did da saSviliSvilo
wignTan erTad, dRemde vinaxav sasoebiT. aseve siyvaruliT vina-
xav mis Ria baraTs, romelic moskovidan 1916 wlis oqtomberSi
erTi Cemi werilis pasuxad gamomigzavna.
„Zvirfaso lado! _ mwers dauviwyari megobari, _ damnaSaved
vgrZnob Tavs, rom aqamde pasuxi ver mogwere, magram xom ici,
rogor Segvicvala omianobam mdgomareoba da agviria cxovreba...~
werilSi dimitri Tavis gulistkivils gamoTqvams imis gamo,
rom bavSvebma qarTuli ena ar ician da verc vaswavli, imdenad
araxelsayreli pirobebi maqvs cxovrebaSio.
dimitris metad lamazi xelwera mZiviviTaa asxmuli.
is ojaxSiac muyaiTi da gamrje pirovneba iyo. amaSi did
daxmarebas uwevda sayvareli meuRle matrona gerasimes asuli –
iSviaTi deda, ubadlo megobari da meojaxe, romelmac Cvens qve-
yanas eqvsi SesaniSnavi qal-vaJi aRuzarda.
dimitri amasTanave Zveli tradiciebis moyvarulic gaxldaT,
iSviaTi stumarTmoyvare da gulRia adamiani. maxsovs, 1910 wlis
gazafxulze me da griSas moskovSi saqarTvelodan monatrebuli
mSoblebi da patara Zma _ uCa gvewvivnen. dimitrim didad gaixara
Tavisi yofili maspinZlebis xilviT, presniaze, Tavis binaze da-
gvpatiJa da mTeli dRe Tavs dagvtrialebda, gvarTobda iSviaTi
musikiT, saubriT da amas imdenad gatacebiT akeTebda, rom mezo-
bel oTaxSi violinoze momecadine Tavis patara vaJs _ sandro-
sac ki xSirad gasZaxebda xolme, xels nu gviSlio.
me da uCa dResac kmayofilebiT vigonebT im ambavs.

73
 Cven maSin bolSaia gruzinskaias raionSi vcxovrobdiT. da
erTxel, rodesac presniasken mivdiodiT, moulodnelad Cvenken
momavali avtomanqana SevamCnieT, rac maSin iSviaTi ram iyo mos-
kovis quCebisTvisac ki. es Seuxedavi, TavRia, Tanac nela moxri-
gine manqana dRevandels rogor Seedreboda. Tumca ki erTcxe-
niani etlebis fonze mainc ucxo sanaxavi gaxldaT. Cemi mSoble-
bi pirvelad xedavdnen am axali modis transports.
manqanaSi ori moxuci ijda; TiTqos garegnuli ieric erT-
nairi hqondaT: moSvebuli Tma-wveri, WaRara da qaTqaTa. Tavze
farTofarfliani Calis qudebi exuraT; moaxlovda Tu ara man-
qana, griSam Sehyvira:
_ lev tolstoi, mamaCemo, lev tolstoi, Sexede!
marTlac, erTi maTgani lev tolstoi iyo, mis gverdiT
mjdomi moxuci ki cnobili mecnieri, parizis pasteris institu-
tis direqtori ilia meCnikovi gaxldaT, romelic im dros mos-
kovs stumrobda da amis Sesaxeb TiTqmis mTelma moskovma icoda.
sinanuliT gavayoleT Tvali am ucxo transports, magram am
dros xelSi ayvanilma uCam morTo tirili: _ „CamajineT im urem-
Si~... ar cxreboda igi, _ „CamajineT, CamajineT...“ bolos da bo-
los Zlivs gavaCumeT uCa.
dimitrisTan rom mivediT, TiTqmis mTeli dRe tolstoize
da am axal avtomanqanaze vlaparakobdiT, magram dimitrisTvis
ucxo ar yofila arc is manqana da arc ori didi adamianis xil-
va. tolstoi iqve samovnikebSi cxovrobda da dimitri arayiSvils
araerTxel moukravs Tvali, rodesac igi manqaniT quCaSi gaivli-
da xolme.
samagierod, mamaCemi veRar ikavebda mRelvarebas da, rogorc
ki SemTxveva miecemoda, maSinve tolstoize Camoagdebda sityvas.
erTi patara SemTxvevac minda gavixseno, uromlisodac Cemi
mogoneba dimitri arayiSvilze srulyofili ar gamova.
mgoni 1908 weli iyo. dimitrim erT koncertze migviwvia ar-
batze, saxalxo filarmoniaSi, sadac igi maswavleblobda kidec.
wveulTa Soris viyaviT: me, griSa cxakaia, daTiko gagua da miSa
Tuxareli.
dimitri filarmoniaSi dagvxvda. masTan erTad iyvnen debi
baxutaSvilebi, romlebic moskovis konservatoriaSi swavlobd-
nen, maTi Zma, aseve moskovis erT-erTi saswavleblis studenti da
solomon erisTavi.
darbazi savse iyo mayurebliT.
dimitrisTan erTad scenaze movewyveT.
adgilobriv SemsrulebelTa Semdeg dimitrim debi baxuta-
Svilebi miiwvia scenaze; amaTgan erTma imRera, meorem ki roial-
ze daukra. amiT yvelaferi unda damTavrebuliyo, magram anazdad
dimitrim moisurva, rom student solomon erisTavsac emRera ra-
me. mas SesaniSnavi lirikuli tenori hqonda da xSirad gamodio-
da studentTa saRamoebze.
solomonma mSvenivrad imRera romansi _ „Na xolmax Gruzii~
da didi STabeWdilebac moaxdina, miT ufro, rom garegnobac
SesaniSnavi hqonda. darbazSi didxans grialebda taSi.
am dros ucbad miSa Tuxarelma wamoiZaxa:
_Avtora! _ da dimitrize miuTiTa.

74
 _Avtora, avtora! _ ahyva mas darbazic. maSin studentebma cim-
cim aitaces kompozitori da rampasTan gaiyvanes. roca xalxma
„avtori~ dainaxa, taSi pirdapir ovaciad gadaiqca. ar vici, es
dimitris mokrZalebiT iyo gamowveuli Tu riT, magram is Tavis
dakvrasac ki ver axerxebda. erTi-orjer gaqcevac ki scada, Tum-
ca scenidan vin gauSvebda. igi tyvesaviT idga scenaze da ovacia
mxolod maSin Sewyda, rodesac farda daeSva.
_ Tqve yurumsaRebo, es ra miyaviT, is romansi Cemi ki ara,
rimski-korsakovisa iyo...
Turme „Na xolmax Gruzii~-s sityvebze, dimitris garda, rim-
ski-korsakovsac hqonia romansi dawerili.
am ambavs me da dimitri xSirad vigonebdiT xolme da bevr-
sac vicinodiT.
1918 wels dimitri arayiSvili moskovidan ojaxianad samuda-
mod gadmosaxlda TbilisSi.
xSirad vxvdebodiT erTmaneTs da siyvaruliT vigonebdiT
moskovSi gatarebul arc Tu iol, magram romantikulsa da ime-
debiT aRsavse cxovrebas.
cal-calke rom Segvxvdeboda me da griSas, uTuod gvkiT-
xavda: _ romeli xar, griSa Tu lado?..
magram erTadac rom gadagveyreboda, maSinac ver gvarCevda
erTmaneTisagan da TiTqos sinanuliT gveubneboda:
_ kaco, amdeni welia gicnobT, magram Tqveni garCeva mainc
miWirs. netav, Tqveni mSoblebi Tu garCeven erTmaneTisagan?
da roca movuyvebodiT Cveni msgavsebis gamo gamowvul kuri-
ozebs, bevrs icinoda.
miyvarda misi sicili, guliani, xmamaRli, sicocxliTa da
xalisiT savse. da Tvalebze momdgar cremlebs TeTrad gaqaTqaT-
ebuli cxvirsaxociT iwmendda.
dimitri sacxovreblad erekles moedanze, SavTelis quCis
dasawyisSi, yofili egzarxosis saxlis erT patara fligelSi
moewyo.
marTalia, didi darbazebi ar hqonia, magram mainc kmayofili
iyo. misi WeSmaritad patriotuli suli didad xarobda, bolos
da bolos, samSobloSi cxovrebas rom eRirsa. misma Svilebmac
kargad iswavles qarTuli ena.
mokled, kompozitoris winaSe cxovrebis naTeli perspeqtiva
gadaiSala.
is did SemoqmedebiT muSaobaSi Caeba da male araerTi musi-
kaluri Janris nawarmoebi miuZRvna mSobliur qveyanas. daamTavra
opera `Tqmuleba SoTa rusTavelze~, romlis meore aqti _ nadimi
Tamaris sasaxleSi _ jer kidev 1907 wels mogvasmenina moskovSi
gamarTul qarTul saRamoze.
1919 wlis 5 Tebervals ukve damTavrebuli opera dadga Tbi-
lisis operis scenaze. es dRe qarTuli erovnuli operis dabade-
bis dRedac iTvleba.
qarTvelma xalxma Rirseulad daafasa erovnuli suliskve-
Tebis opera da mis avtors tkbili hangebis mgosani uwoda.
igi xelovnebis umaRles mwvervalebs daeufla. gaxda profe-
sori da respublikis mecnierebaTa akademiis namdvili wevri.
meti raRa unda inatro kacma!

75
 40-ian wlebSi man mravaloTaxiani bina miiRo gmirTa moedan-
ze TerTmetsarTulian saxlSi da amiT sabolood gaimarjva ubi-
naobasTan dausrulebel WidilSi, rac mZime tvirTad awva mis
mravalricxovan ojaxs.
_ didebuli bina momces, kaco, iSviaTi, _ miTxra erT dRes
dimitrim, _ magram qalaqis gareT aris... sanam SeveCveode, Zalian
gamiWirdeba.
marTlac, xsenebuli saxli im dros ukacriel adgilze id-
ga, centridan Sors, magram gavida dro da es saxli TiTqmis qa-
laqis centrSi moeqca.
ra ucbad icvleba dro, ra ucbad Sendeba qalaqi!..

qarTul musikalur samyaroSi im dros namdvili yamiri iyo

da am yamirze mxned miabijebda dimitri arayiSvili Tavisi mSve-
nieri qmnilebebiT. marto misi opera _ „Tqmuleba SoTa rusTa-
velze~ _ rad Rirs, romlis warmateba gacilebiT didi iqneboda,
uxeiro libreto rom ar uSlides xels.
dimitri didad ganicdida am garemoebas da cdilobda daSve-
buli Secdomis gamosworebas, magram ver iqna da Zveli libreto
ver Secvala. drodadro icavda kidec mas.
samwuxarod, me arasodes mikiTxavs am libretos warmoSobis
istoria, magram unda vifiqroT, rom man igi amoiRo al. xaxanaS-
vilis samtomeulidan „Oqerki po istorii gruzinskoy slovesnosti~,
romelic 1910 wels ukve gamocemuli iyo.
legenda SoTa rusTavelze iq xalxur TqmulebebTan, apokri-
febTan Tu Zvel zepir gadmocemebTan erTadaa dabeWdili da
lamazi epizodebiT ipyrobs yuradRebas. aman moajadova kompozi-
tori da Tavis operas daudo sarCulad.
1906 Tu 1907 wels erTi moqmedeba ukve mzad hqonda da qarT-
ul saRamoze kompozitorma Tavad udiriJora. es iyo „Tamaris ka-
vatina~ anu mejlisi Tamaris sasaxleSi SoTa rusTavelis pativ-
sacemad. magram operis Sinaarsiis Semdgomma ganviTarebam scenaze
abdul-arabi gamoiyvana, romelmac araTu xeli Seuwyo SoTas sax-
is kidev ufro gabrwyinebas, aramed, daCrdila kidec. SoTa nega-
tiur saxed warmoaCina. operis namdvil gmirad ki SoTa rusTave-
lis mejinibe, viRac abdul-arabi, iqca. amgvarad, „Tqmuleba SoTa
rusTavelze~ gadaiqca operad _ „Tqmuleba vinme abdul-arabze~,
ramac, ra Tqma unda, guli aucrua mayurebels da operaze dasw-
rebis xalisic daakargvina. es ki wlidan wlamde ufro da ufro
SesamCnevi Seiqna.
TandaTan gamoirkva, rom am SesaniSnav lirikul-dramatuli
Janris operas, romelsac aRtacebaSi mohyavda xelovnebaTmcodne-
ebi da mas qarTuli musikaluri kulturis siamayed Tvlidnen,
Turme aseTi ususuri libreto hqonia. miuxedavad aTasgvari Seke-
Teba-Sesworebisa, libretos mainc SerCa gamousworebeli nakli,
ramac ase SeuSala xeli operis warmatebas.
dimitris didxans ar sjeroda es mware ambavi da ukvirda mi-
si qmnilebis warumatebloba.
erTxel, roca me da Cemi Zma griSa Cveulebisamebr vstumrob-
diT kompozitors, saubari am operazedac Camovarda.
76
 dimitris, cxadia, uyvarda Tavisi qmnileba da masze saubars
araferi erCia.
_ gaxsovs, dimitri, ra warmatebiT gaisma moskovSi ~qarTul
saRamoze~ ~Tamaris kavatina~, ra sixaruli da imedebi moutana
Cvens studentobas? _ laparaki wamoiwyo grigolma.
kompozitors siamovnebis Rimilma gadauara saxeze.
_ maxsovs, kaco, rogor ar maxsovs!... mereda, ra wvaleba
gvWirdeboda im dawyevlil droSi, raTa patara ramec ki saja-
rod gamogvetana!... Zlivs movaxerxe im erTi kavatinis warmodgena
da rogori aRtaceba gamoiwvia xalxSi!... magram dRes rom aRar
idgmeba? _ SeniSna naRvlianad.
_ eg araferia, mama, _ gamosZaxa meore oTaxidan dimitris
qaliSvilma Tamarma, _ es imitomaa, rom xalxs ar akmayofilebs
misi libreto.
_ ratom, libreto riTia cudi?
saubarSi axla me Caverie:
_ Cemo Zvirfaso dimitri, libreto imiTaa cudi, rom masSi
rusTavelis saxe Seuracxyofili da daCrdilulia viRac ab-
dul-arabis gamo.
_ Sen cdebi, lado, abdul-arabi ukve popularuli gaxda Cve-
nSi, is ukve uyvars xalxs...
_ SeiZleba uyvars, magram rusTavelze metad? – moridebiT
Sevesityve kompozitors, raTa misi Tavmoyvareoba ar Semelaxa, _
musika SesaniSnavia, magram libretos sisustis gamo mayurebelma
guli aicrua.
_ kaco, es Tqmulebaa, xalxuri Tqmuleba... aq rusTavels ra
Crdili unda miadges?... me vxedav, Tqvenc uaryofiTad uyurebT
Cemi nawarmoebis gmirs. es didi Secdomaa, Zvirfaso megobrebo,
didi Secdoma, _ rusulad warmoTqva man.
aseTsave SeniSvnas aZlevdnen dimitris misi sxva megobrebic:
giorgi Jordania, solomon erisTavi, dimitri mgalobliSvili da
sxvebi. isini urCevdnen libretos an mniSvnelovan gadakeTebas an
mTlianad Secvlas, magram es saqme advili ar iyo kompo-
zitorisaTvis. man araerTxel gadaakeTebina xan visa da xan vis,
poetsa Tu dramaturgs, bolos sandro SanSiaSvilsac mimarTa,
magram gadakeTebulsac imdeni Zveli „codvebi~ SerCa, rom
saerTo mowoneba mainc ver daimsaxura.
da am misi „aqilevsis quslis~ gamo operam iseTi sapatio ad-
gili ver daimkvidra scenaze, rogoric es mis musikalur Rirse-
bas ekadreba. miviwyebulia abdul-arabisa da gulCinas dueti,
aseve, davluri da saTamaSo, _ qarTuli hangebis es uWknobi nimu-
Sebi.

kompozitorma gansakuTrebiT mwvaved libretos nakli 1931

wels igrZno, roca qarTuli xelovnebis dekadaze moskovSi misi
opera ar waiRes.
swored im dReebSi dimitris operis Teatris win Sevxvdi.
garSemo qaliSvilebi exvivnen: iqve idgnen misi studentebi konse-
rvatoriidan. isini esiyvarulebodnen Zvirfas maswavlebels, xum-
robdnen, laRobdnen, magram kompozitori mainc warbSekruli id-
ga axalgazrdebs Soris.
daminaxa Tu ara, maSinve Cemken gamoemarTa.

77
 _ romeli xar, kaco, griSa Tu lado? vaglax, rom mudam
aseTi SekiTxvebi mWirdeba TqvenTan, _ miTxra dimitrim Cveuli
RimiliT da, roca Cemi vinaoba Seityo, isev warbi Seikra da
daRonebulma miTxra: _ cud gunebaze var, lado, Cemi opera ar
waiRes moskovSi! rogorc gadmomces, sul im oxeri libretos
bralia, magram axla raRas vuSveli. metad daRonebuli var, Cemo
megobaro, metad... axla davrwmundi, rom Secdoma davuSvi, roca
am siuJets movkide xeli. Rirseuli misgan araferi gamova, _ Tqva
kompozitorma da Tavi Cahkida, _ erTaderTi gamosavali isaa, rom
libreto Zirfesvianad gadamuSavdes, _ Tqva man, saCqarod gamo-
meTxova da Sinisaken gaswia.
mec gamifuWda guneba da fiqri momeZala: „marTalia, mayu-
rebels siamovnebs rusTavelis scenaze naxva da isic Tamaris
sasaxleSi, magram es bedniereba mxolod erTi moqmedebis manZil-
ze grZeldeba. mTavari, rac sulis siRrmeSi rCeba mayurebels,
esaa viRac abdul-arabi Tavisi qurduli siyvaruliT: „ra tkbi-
lia siyvaruli!~ rusTaveli ki, piriqiT, Seuracxyofili da Serc-
xvenili rCeba, rogorc Zvelad ityodnen _ „qudmoxdili~, mora-
lurad dacemuli.
aseTi rusTaveli saintereso ar aris, ragind kargi musika
axldes mas da kargi momRerali mRerodes. musika maSin xiblavs
msmenels, Tu misi Sinaarsic musikasaviT momxiblavia.
roca dimitris imdroindel sulier mdgomareobas vigoneb,
pirdapir, mogonebis weris xalisi mekargeba.
samagierod, siamovnebiT vixseneb misi dabadebis 80 wlisTa-
vis iubiles, romelic Tbilisis operisa da baletis TeatrSi mo-
uwyo qarTvelma xalxma. maxsovs, raoden gaxarebuli iyo madlie-
ri da valmoxdili xelovani, vinac ase gaamdidra qarTuli musi-
kaluri kultura.
misma moskovelma megobrebma gadavwyviteT, calke sityviT
gamovsuliyaviT saiubileo saRamoze, aRgveniSna misi Tavdade-
buli muSaoba moskovSi qarTuli kulturis farTo propagandis
saqmeSi, mokle adresic ki davwereT, magram „droSi ver Cagvties~
da amis gamo Cveni gamosvla ar moxerxda.
~Sen, Zvirfaso dimitri, TavdadebiT iRvwodi moskovSi da
energias ar zogavdi, raTa qarTuli kultura da, kerZod, qar-
Tveli xalxis musikaluri Semoqmedeba xelmisawvdomi gagexada
imdroindeli rusuli mowinave sazogadoebis farTo fenebisaT-
vis, _ vwerdiT Cven im adresSi. _ Sen gamodiodi SesaniSnavi mox-
senebebiT, beWdavdi wignebs, werilebs. kargad gvaxsovs, Tu rarig
giWirda maSin, ra Zviri gijdeboda am tvirTis zidva, magram win
mainc medgrad, TavdadebiTa da imedebiT savse miabijebdi.
Sen mier Seqmnili tkbili qarTuli hangebi yoveldRiurad
gaismis sivrceSi da SromiT daRlil guls usazRvro siamovnebas
aniWebs“.
adress xels vawerdiT me, griSa, Cito kapanaZe, solomon er-
isTavi, seno wereTeli, grigol mesxi, mixeil Tuxareli, dimitri
mgalobliSvili da daviT gagua. dRes amaTgan aRarc erTi aRar
aris cocxali.
iubile Zalze Tbilad Catarda. operis Teatri xalxiT iyo
gaWedili. scenaze delegacias delegacia cvlida da yvela
aRniSnavda sayvareli kompozitoris did damsaxurebas.

78
 dimitri, marTalia, Relavda, magram mainc kargad gamoiyure-
boda. da es yvelaferi SesaniSnavad gamoxata Tavis samadlobelo
sityvaSi:
_ davberdi, magram ar davCaCanakdi, _ daiwyo man sadad da
lamazad.
uecrad mTel Teatrs taSi moswyda da ase grZeldeboda igi
mTeli misi sityvis manZilze.
iubilidan raRac oriode Tvis Semdeg, imave 1953 wels garda-
icvala es didi adamiani.
wavida igi fizikurad, magram sulierad mainc CvenTan darCa
samudamod.
TbilisSi, gmirTa moedanze, leninis quCis * 63 nomerSi, Ter-
TmetsarTuliani saxlis sadarbazo karze aseTi Sinaarsis memo-
rialuri dafaa gakruli:
„am saxlSi 1939-1953 wlebSi cxovrobda gamoCenili qarTveli
kompozitori, akademikosi, saqarTvelos ssr saxalxo artisti
dimitri arayiSvili.~
WeSmaritad bednier varskvlavze iyo dabadebuli dimitri
arayiSvili. amqveynad samduravi araferi unda hqonoda. erT dros
welSi siRaribiT gawyvetili biWuna, momReralTa gundSi muSao-
bas rom natrobda, Tavdadebuli SromiT gamoCenili kompozitori
gaxda. dimitris mieniWa yvela sapatio tituli da es didi jil-
doebi Tu wodebani dauyvedreblad daimsaxura man.
araferia amqveynad ufro maRali da Rirseuli!.. mis cxovre-
bas SeiZleba Tamamad ewodos:
„ocneba, romelic Sesrulda,
xolo Sesrulda igi brwyinvaled!..~

mcire mogoneba knut hamsunze

Cems ojaxSi mTel rig mweralTa da mxatvarTa samaxsovro

fotoportretebs Soris Semonaxulia gamoCenili norvegieli
mwerlis knut hamsunis fotosuraTic. igi miZRvnilia Cemi Zmis
grigolisadmi da gamogzavnilia 1935 wels norvegiis patara
qalaq norholmidan, sadac knut hamsunma Tavisi xangrZlivi cxov-
rebis ukanaskneli wlebi gaatara.
saTanado warweriTa da mwerlis xelmoweriT damSvenebuli
fotosuraTi warmoadgens pasuxs Cemi Zmis mier gagzavnil weril-
ze.
saqme is gaxlavT, rom moskovSi Cveni studentobis dros ax-
algazrdebi hamsunis SemoqmedebiT viyaviT gatacebulni, xolo
Cemi Zma, pirdapir, mojadoebuli iyo misi nawerebiTa da cxovre-
biseuli TavgadasavlebiT. amitom didxans fiqrobda misTvis we-
rilis gagzavnas.
da bolos, mogvianebiT, 1935 wels Seasrula kidec Tavisi
ganzraxva. griSam, niSnad didi pativiscemisa, ~vefxistyaosnis~
qarTuli gamocemis erT-erTi nimuSic gaugzavna.

*
axlandeli kostavas quCa
79
 me ki es ambavi aseve mogvianebiT minda gavixseno da davukav-
Siro igi knut hamsunis 120 wlisTavs...
Cveni studentobis dros moskovSi, cxraasiani wlebis dasaw-
yisSi, ZiriTadad ucxour literaturas vkiTxulobdiT, radgan
rusul mwerlobas, rogorc sagimnazio kurss, zedmiwevniT kar-
gad vicnobdiT, rom aRaraferi vTqvaT qarTul literaturaze. da
ai, knut hamsunma daipyro Cveni suli da guli, misi „viqtoria~,
„SimSili~, „misteriebi~ da sxv. TiTqmis yvelas TavsasTumalTan
edo.
Cemi Zma pirdapir „Camwvari~ iyo mis nawerebSi da mTxovda,
Rirseuli werili gagvegzavna mwerlisaTvis, magulianebda da mi-
rCevda Cvens msgavsebazec gvemcno oriod sityviT, raTa amis Se-
saxeb raime daewera; is xom adamianis sulis siRrmeTa poetiao, _
meubneboda, magram me vvuarobdi, radgan mimaCnda, rom didi mwer-
ali ver moiclida amden TayvanismcemelTa werilebis wasakiTxad.
iyo Cvens Soris dausrulebeli azrTa gacvla-gamocvla, vid-
re ocdaaTian wlebSi griSam Tbilisidan piradad ar gaugzavna
werili.
norvegia, saidanac knut hamsunis Semoqmedeba msoflios mwe-
rlobas moevlina, evropis ukidures CrdiloeTSi mdebare erTi
patara qveyanaa sul raRac 3 milioni mosaxleobiT, magram didi
kulturiTa da warsuliT. gansakuTrebiT cnobilia mxatvruli
literaturiT da misi iseTi Rirseuli warmomadgenlebiT, rogo-
rebic arian: biernstierne _ biernsoni, henrik ibseni Tavisi ganT-
qmuli dramebiT: „nora~, „eqimi Stokmani~, „brandi~, „moCvenebebi~
da mravali sxva. saqveynod cnobilia, aseve, didi kompozitori
edvard grigi.
am gamoCenil norvegielTa jgufs ekuTvnis maTive Tanamed-
rove knut hamsuni (1859-1952), magram gansxvaveba is gaxlavT, rom
warmoSobiT hamsuni RaribTa wres ganekuTvneba da amitom Tavisi
originaluri biografiiT ufro maqsim gorkis mogvagonebs. mas,
gorkis msgavsad, Rirseuli saskolo ganaTleba ar miuRia, Tu ar
gaviTvaliswinebT dawyebiTi skolis kurss, romelic man Tavis
mSobliur sofelSi gaiara, xolo ufro didi ganaTleba uSua-
lod cxovrebidan da wignebidan SeiZina. wignebs ki es swavlas
mowyurebuli da mZime Sromisagan daRdasmuli glexi biWi rva
wlis asakidan ewafeboda; aseT Wapan-wyvetaSi gaatara man Tavisi
bavSvobis ulamazesi wlebi da ukve ToTxmeti wlis asakSi iZu-
lebuli gaxda mSobliuri kera mietovebina da lukma-puris saSo-
vnelad daewyo xetiali.
romel qalaqsa Tu qveyanaSi ar yofila knut hamsuni, ameri-
kaSic ki amoyo Tavi; sad ar imuSava, ras ar akeTebda; mojamagi-
reobda, muSaobda fermerebTan, omnibusis konduqtorad, maRaziis
noqris TanaSemwed da sxv. magram versad hpova verc materialuri
uzrunvelyofa da verc sulieri kmayofileba.
da ai, 1877 wels, Tvrameti wlis ymawvilma, sruliad moulo-
dnelad xeli mohkida kalams da literaturul sarbielzec mos-
inja bedi. anazdeulad gamobrwyinvebuli SemoqmedebiTi niWis wy-
alobiT daiwyo moTxrobebisa Tu patar-patara sagazeTo werile-
bis wera, romelTac zogjer ubeWdavdnen kidec. aseT wvalebaSi
icxovra ramdenime weliwads naxevrad mSieri literatoris cxov-
rebiT.

80
 amerikaSi yofnis STabeWdilebebi erT mozrdil werilad Ca-
moayaliba da male dabeWda kidec. man mkiTxvelTa farTo inte-
resi gamoiwvia, magram gaWirvebas mainc ver daaRwia Tavi. bolos
da bolos Tavisi tanjuli cxovrebis aRweras mohkida xeli. 1890
wels knut hamsunma erTad mouyara Tavi xsenebul nawerebs, Zir-
fesvianad gadaamuSava isini da erT did moTxrobad Camoayaliba,
romelsac saTaurad „SimSili~ uwoda.
aq ukve aSkarad gauRima bedma da naxevrad avtobiografiuli
xasiaTisa da didi fsiqologiuri ostatobiT dawerili moTxro-
bebis wyalobiT knut hamsuni erTbaSad gaxda cnobili mTeli
norvegiisaTvis, xolo Semdeg _ evropisTvisac. mxatvruli sit-
yvis Tayvanismcemlebma misi saxiT uzarmazari da metad Tavise-
buri mwerali aRmoaCines.
didi mwerlebi biernsoni, georg brandesi, henrik ibseni da
sxvebi gaocebulni darCnen am „erTbaSad amoxeTqili niWis~ gamo-
CeniT, xolo misi moTxroba „SimSili~ yvelasTvis sayvarel na-
warmoebad iqca.
am qmnilebebma dasabami misces knut hamsunis uaRresad sain-
tereso literaturul biografias. mkiTxvelebma male ixiles
aseve maRalmxatvrulad dawerili momdevno moTxrobebi da roma-
nebi: _ „viqtoria~, „pani~, `misteriebi~ da sxva, xolo 1917 wels
gamodis knut hamsunis yvelaze didi romani, romelsac rusul
TargmanSi „Sok Zemli~ ewodeba. me mas qarTul enaze pirobiTad
„miwis madls~ vuwodebdi. es nawarmoebi miCneulia meoce saukunis
msoflio literaturis erT-erT yvelaze monumentur epikur
nawarmoebad, risTvisac knut hamsuns nobelis premia mieniWa.
knut hamsunma 93 weli icocxla da am drois manZilze ara-
erTi mxatvruli qmnileba SesZina msoflio mwerlobas. 1959 wels,
misi dabadebis 100 wlisTavze, norvegiaSi gamoqveynebulma mwer-
lis TxzulebaTa saerTo moculobam 15 tomi Seadgina.
mwerali bevrs muSaobda da mogzaurobda, ecnoboda sxvadas-
xva xalxTa cxovrebas; sxvaTa Soris, saqarTveloSic iyo, roca
ruseTi da kavkasia moiara. es mogzauroba WeSmariti poeturi aR-
mafreniT dagvixata naSromSi „zRaprul qveyanaSi~. aqaa saqarTve-
loSi miRebuli STabeWdilebebic. amasTan, Cvens qveyanas miuZRvna
drama „Tamar mefe~.
es ori nawarmoebi ufro imiTaa CvenTvis saintereso, rom, Tu
SeiZleba ase iTqvas, “qarTuli Tema” uSualo STabeWdilebebiTaa
nasazrdoebi.
„Tamar mefe~ sammoqmedebiani dramaa, magram istoriul sinam-
dvilesTan TiTqmis araferi akavSirebs. is ufro romantikuli
Tzulebaa _ Seqmnili hamsunisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli xelweriT.
is siyvarulisa da silamazis himns warmoadgens, Tumca misi zo-
gierTi moqmedi piri istoriulia, maT Soris Tamaris Svilebi
giorgi da rusudani, romlebic Tamars meore qmarTan _ daviT
soslanTan hyavda da ara giorgi rusTan; daviTi ki nawarmoebSi,
rogorc giorgi, isea moxseniebuli.
Tavis did mogzaurobas hamsuni uZRvnis meore wigns _ „zRap-
rul qveyanaSi~, romelSiac gvawvdis SesaniSnav poetur sentenci-
ebs.
gzad mwerali moskovSi Cerdeba. is pirdapir gancvifrebulia
am qalaqis originalobiTa da silamaziT: _ „sad ar vyofilvar,

81
qveynis romeli kuTxe ar minaxavs, magram arsad Semxvedria mos-
kovis kremlis msgavsi silamaze. is pirdapir zRaprulia~!
gakvirvebulia agreTve moskovis eklesiebis simravliTa da
rusi xalxis gansakuTrebuli RvTismosaobiT.
_ es slavianebi arian, _ vfiqrob me da mivCerebivar maT, - es
momavali xalxia... aseT xalxs SeuZlia warmoSvas rusuli xasia-
Tis usazRvro da ukidegano literatura... Cven yvelas bevri dro
dagvWirdeba, raTa SeveguoT da mivuaxlovdeT mas...
moskovidan saqarTvelomde hamsuni jer kavkavSi Cerdeba (ax-
landeli orjonikiZe). saqarTvelos samxedro gziT Tbilisisaken
miemgzavreba, aqedan ki STabeWdilebebiT savse gadahyurebs duS-
eTs, aragvsa da mxrebze kokebSedgmul qalebs.
da bolos Tbilisic...
_ esec Tbilisi, _ ambobs knut hamsuni, _ qalaqi, romel-
zedac ase xSirad werdnen rusi poetebi da sadac araerTi rusu-
li romanis moqmedeba iSleba.
_ davaTvaliereT Tbilisi, _ ganagrZobs mwerali, _ da ar
mogvewona igi, magram mis wiaRSi movnaxeT patara kuTxe, romelic
Zalze originaluri gveCvena. xSirad vestumrebodiT xolme mas
da iq yofniT vera vZRebodiT. es iyo qalaqis aziuri kvartali,
romelsac raRac Taviseburi ieri da saxe hqonda. aq raRac sar-
Tulebiani labirinTebia, kibeebi gadian saxlidan saxlamde, miwi-
dan banebamde, TiTqos raRac sxva qveyanaao. da swored aseTi iS-
viaTi kuTxe garSemortymulia Tanamedrove vaWruli qalaqis xma-
uriT.
_ Cemi sastumro „londonia~, _ ganagrZobs knut hamsuni da
Tanac aseTi cnobebic moaqvs Tbilisze: _ qalaqSi 160 aTasi mcx-
ovrebia amJamad (igulisxmeba gasuli saukunis bolo wlebi.
l.j.). kacebi orjer metia qalebze. aq 70 enaze laparakoben... qal-
aqSi Semonaxulia qarTvel mefeTa sasaxle, romelic amJamad
sapatimrodaa gadaqceuli. qalaqSi romeliRac rusi generlis er-
Ti Zegli dgas (gulisxmobs voroncovis Zegls, romelic revo-
luciamde idga dRevandeli marqsis moedanze. l.j.). Sors, qala-
qis Tavze gaSenebulia wminda daviTis monasteri. is dgas qarTve-
lebisaTvis wmindad miCneul „mTawmindaze~. monastris axlosaa
griboedovis saflavi...
Tbilisis Semdeg mwerali baqos swvevia: yvelaze ufro Seux-
edavi qalaqia, _ ambobs igi, _ mtverSia gaxveuli adamianebic,
cxovelebic da is oriode buCqic ki, romelic qalaqis parkSi
SevamCnieT. irgvliv yvelaferi navTis suniTaa gaJRenTili, yovel
nabijze dgas mazuTiT CaSavebuli konkebi da dRedaRam gauCereb-
liv guguneben miwis saburRavi manqanebi...
samagierod, dasavleT saqarTveloSi, Tbilisidan baTumamde
matarebliT mgzavrobam aseTi sityvebi aTqmevina mas:
_ aq irgvliv iseTi mcenareulobaa da iseTi mdidaria buneba,
romlis msgavsi arsad Semxvedria: tyeebi, gauvali tevrebi, kaka-
li, muxa, Tela, wabli, Txili, ra gindaT, ar iyos aq yovel
nabijze. Cven matareblis fanjridan xarbad mivCerebivarT yvela-
fer amas, am RvTivkurTxeul qveyanas, gvaocebs aseTi Tvalwarm-
tacoba da vumadliT beds, wyaloba rom ar mogviSala da am iS-
viaTi sanaxaobis Rirsi gagvxada. es adgili umSvenieresi kuTxea
kavkasiaSi. xval Cven isev unda davbrundeT baqoSi, raTa iqidan

82
ukve aRmosavleTSi wavideT da davtovebT kidec am mxares, magram
me is samudamod CamrCeba gulSi da misi xelaxali naxvis didi
natvra yovelTvis mtkivneulad momawveba gulze, radgan me xom
erTi imaTgani var, visac cxovrebaSi erTxel mainc rgebia „mtkv-
ris wylis dalevis bedniereba.~
ai, is cotaodeni ram, rac knut hamsunis mogzaurobis STabeW-
dilebebze mindoda meTqva _ is gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa Cven-
Tvis, radgan xsenebuli Txzulebebi maSindeli saqarTvelos su-
raTebsac gvixatavs.
literaturaTmcodneTa saerTo azriT, knut hamsunma lite-
raturaSi aRmoaCina siyvarulis axali, sul sxvagvari, manamde
ucnobi mxareebi, axali saxeebi, axali gageba.
misi lirikuli romani „viqtoria~ erT-erT umniSvnelovanes
nawarmoebad iTvleba, imaT Soris rac ki siyvarulis Temaze daw-
erila XX saukunis msoflio literaturaSi. igi Targmnilia qar-
Tul enaze cnobili mTargmnelis ilia aglaZis mier da naw-
il-nawil daibeWda erT-erT maSindel qarTul JurnalSi, Tu ar
vcdebi, ocdaaTian wlebSi.
hamsunis Txzulebebis ruseTSi _ da kerZod, Cemi drois
moskovSi _ rusul enaze mTargmneli da gamomcemeli bevri iyo,
magram Cven _ maSindeli studentoba _ am didi mwerlis nawerebs,
iseve rogorc bevr sxvas, gvaziara erTma mSvenierma gamomcem-
lobam „polza~-m, romelic kerZo pirs v.antiksa da amxanagobas
ekuTvnoda. is sagangebod ucxouri literaturis gamocemaze mu-
Saobda da Targmnil wignebs „universaluri biblioTekis~
saxelwodebiT awvdida ruseTis farTo sazogadoebas.
sxvaTa Soris, es is ,,polzaa” romelmac Cveni Targmnili
„glaxis naambobi~, „baSi-aCuki~, yazbegis „eliso~ da sxva moTxro-
bebic gamoaqveyna.
yoveli avtoris calkeul nawarmoebs „polza~ cal-calke, pa-
tara zomis, erTi formatis wignad da erTnairi gaformebiT beW-
davda. TiToeuli wigni aTi kapiki Rirda da yvelas Tavisi nome-
ri hqonda, rac aadvilebda mis mikvlevas. Tu nawarmoebi didi mo-
culobis iyo da erT nomerSi ar Tavsdeboda, „polza~ mainc erT
wignad beWdavda, magram ori nomriT da fassac ormags - 20 kapiks
adebda. aseTi wesiT iyo gamocemuli floberis „madam bovari~,
dikensis „daviT koperfildi~, Sileris „yaCaRebi~ da bevri sxva.
zogierTi misi gamoSvebuli wigni sam da oTxnomrianic ki iyo.
ase gaacno `polzam~ Tavis mkiTxvels maSin CvenTvis jer
kidev naklebad cnobil xalxTa mwerloba, aRaras vityvi didi
qveynebis _ inglisis, safrangeTis, germaniisa da sxvaTa
literaturaze.
mokled, swored ”polzas” meSveobiT veziareT daniuri, bel-
giuri, Sveduri, norvegiuli, finuri literaturis nimuSebs. ase
gavecaniT knut hamsunis Txzulebebsac.
swrafad vrceldeboda „polzas~ mier gamocemuli es uamravi
literatura ruseTis mTel teritoriaze, iyideboda maRaziebSic
da rkinigzis sadgurebSi Jurnal-gazeTebisTvis gankuTvnil ji-
xurebSic. romeli mgzavri ar SeiZenda ase iafsa da lamazad ga-
mocemul wignaks? aseTi gamocemebi xSirad did tiraJs aRwevda
da ramdenjerme ibeWdeboda, magram mkiTxvels mainc ar yofnida.
maxsovs, samjer daibeWda Cveni Targmnili „glaxis naambobi~, mag-

83
ram mkiTxveli mainc uwignod darCa. bevri mas or-sam cals da
metsac iZenda. rogorc ioseb griSaSvilis naambobidan vici, miu-
xedavad misi xelmokleobisa, poetma am wignis ramdenime cali
SeiZina, xolo Zveli inteligenciis warmomadgenelma inJinerma
niko kvezerelma-kopaZem peterburgSi aTi cali iyida.

diax, TavdaviwyebiT vkiTxulobdiT knut hamsunis nawerebs,

romelic adamianTa sulis moZraobis niuansebsa da saidumloe-
bebs gvaziarebda da gvayvarebda kidec.
o, ra brwyinvaled pasuxobdnen misi wignebi Cvens maSindel
axalgazrdul ganwyobilebebs!
raWaSi, mSobliur sofel RarSi, Cvens binaSi xativiT gamov-
kideT knut hamsunis didi portreti, romelic me da griSam nax-
SiriT SevasruleT.
Cvenebic saTayvanebel mwerlad miiCnevdnen mas. mxolod pata-
ra uCa, maSin skolis cerodena moswavle, ver erkveoda mis vinao-
baSi; magram gavida dro, gaizarda Cemi umcrosi Zma da manac mTe-
li arsebiT Seiyvara knut hamsunis Semoqmedeba.
1935 wels griSam xeli mohkida hamsunis erT-erTi Sedevris
~pan~-is qarTul enaze Targmnas. amasTan dakavSirebiT, bolos da
bolos, gadawyvita werili gaegzavna sayvareli mwerlisaTvis,
raTa axla mainc aesrulebina Tavisi didi xnis survili da mis-
wera kidec.
griSam mis mier rusulad dawerili baraTi Tavis erT uni-
versitetel megobars gadaaTargmnina germanul enaze, mere lama-
zi xeliT sufTad gadawera da frTxilad Cado konvertSi. wer-
ils Tan „vefxistyaosnis~ axali egzemplari daurTo da norve-
giaSi gagzavna.
griSas werili aseTi iyo:
„uRrmesad pativcemulo dido xelovano batono hamsun!
TiTqmis yoveldRe mixdeba me im sastumro „londonis~ win
gavla, romelSic Tqven gagitarebiaT ramdenime dRe TbilisSi
yofnis dros da yoveli gavlisas cxovlad warmomidgeba xolme
Tvalwin momentebi Tqveni dauviwyari mxatvruli personaJebis
cxovrebidan; am dros me xSirad meufleba xolme survili gamo-
gexmauroT aqedan da mogawodoT Cemi uguliTadesi, gulidan amo-
Rebuli salami, dido hamsun _ sayvarelTa Soris usayvarleso
poeto.
minda gagaxsenoT Tbilisi da sazogadod saqarTvelo, rome-
lsac Tqven jer kidev im dros uyvardiT, roca misi cis qveS da-
iarebodiT Soreuli norvegiidan Camosuli axalgazrda stumari.
gulwrfeli siyvarulis niSnad am werilTan erTad saCuqrad
gigzavniT qarTveli kacisaTvis yvelaze ufro sayvarel wigns _
XII saukunis didi qarTveli poetis _ rusTavelis poemas.
daviwye Tqveni romanis „pan~-is Targmna da viTxov Tqvens neb-
arTvas am romanisa da sxva Tqveni nawerebis Targmnaze, romelTa
Sesruleba uaxloes momavalSi maqvs ganzraxuli.
Tqveni ramdenime nawarmoebi axmaurdeba saqarTveloSi, ro-
gorc Tqveni poeziis ulamazesi nawyveti da uZvirfasesi reli-
qvia, agreTve, rogorc Tqveni salami Cvens Zvel rainds _ rus-
Tavels, romelic saukuneebiT daSorebulia Cvengan.

84
 minda mjerodes, rom me da Cems megobrebs gveRirseba saxsov-
rad miviRoT Tqveni romelime wigni an portreti. me mas waviReb
sastumro „londonSi~ an mopirdapire baRSi da gavaxseneb odes-
Rac Tqveni iq yofnis dReebs.
icocxleT didxans da iyaviT janmrTelad, dido hamsun, da
im mravalmilionian Tqvens mkiTxvelTa Soris, romelTac uyvar-
xarT da eyvarebiT mudam momavalSic, saukuneebis manZilze,
gTxovT miguloT mec _ Tqveni erTguli pativismcemeli grigol
jafariZe, romelic moelis Tqvengan Cemi werilisa da wignis miR-
ebis raime damadasturebel niSans.
kavkasia. Tbilisi. orbelianis quCa, 36.
1935 wlis noemberi.“
male griSam norvegiidan erTi mozrdili konverti miiRo da
gulis fancqaliT gaxsna. igi madlobis aRmniSvneli oficialuri
werili egona, rogoric ician xolme didma adamianebma aseT Sem-
TxvevaSi, _ da ra gaxarebuli da frTaSesxmuli iyo, roca kon-
vertSi mwerlis portreti aRmoCnda misive avtografiT.
es iyo knut hamsunis mier germanul enaze dawerili da mar-
galitis mZivebad asxmuli sityvebi:
„grigol jafariZes madlobiT misi uTavazianesi werili-
saTvis, norhelmi, 16 dekemberi, 1935, knut hamsuni~...
Soreuli qveynidan miRebuli Zvirfasi nobaTi griSam Tavisi
survilebis keTil dagvirgvinebad miiCnia.
male am fotosuraTis asli CemTvisac gadaaRebina da saCuq-
rad gadmomca.
ase gaCnda Cems ojaxSic didi norvegieli mwerlis portreti
avtografiT, romelic Zalian bevr sasiamovno wuTs momagonebs
da TiTqos siWabukesac ki mibrunebs xolme.
griSas mier knut hamsunTan gagzavnili werili da „vefxis-
tyaosani~, albaT, gamofenili iqneba mwerlis memorialur muze-
umSi norvegiaSi.

Cemi scenismoyvareoba

am cota xnis winaT TbilisSi onidan sagastrolod Camovida

adgilobrivi raionuli Teatri da marjaniSvilis saxelobis
TeatrSi dadga Tavisi erT-erTi saukeTeso speqtakli.
warmodgenas uamravi xalxi daeswro da mayurebelTa wridan
araerTi aRfrTovanebuli sityvac warmoiTqva dasisa da misi
xelmZRvanelobis misamarTiT.
CvenSi raionuli Teatrebis mier TavianTi dadgmebis Tbilis-
Si Camotanisa da Cvenebis kargi tradicia damyarda. cxadia, gemo-
vnebian mayurebelTa farTo auditoriasTan Sexvedra didi stimu-
lia maT wasaxaliseblad da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobis asamaR-
leblad. amasTan, izrdeba Teatris popularobac.
vfiqrob, raionuli Teatrebis dRevandel moRvaweobasTan da-
kavSirebiT interess moklebuli ar iqneba mogaxsenoT maTi mdgo-
mareoba Cemi axalgazrdobis dros.
stacionaruli Teatri, Tbilisis gamoklebiT, maSin TiTqmis
arsad ar arsebobda CvenSi.
85
 TviT saqarTvelos guberniisa da olqis centrebi – quTaisi
da baTumic ki ver daikvexnidnen TeatrisTvis Sesaferisi Senobe-
biT da, aba, onsa da mis msgavs dabebSi ra Teatri unda
yofiliyo, an kidec rom yofiliyo, ra donis mxatvruli saxe
unda hqonoda?!
TviT iseT did qalaqsac ki, rogoric saqarTvelos sazRvao
WiSkari foTi iyo, Teatris calke Senoba ar gaaCnda da roca
raime warmodgenis dadgma an saRamos Catareba gvWirdeboda (me iq
vmuSaobdi 1914 wlidan 1920 wlamde), sagangebod unda gveZia Sesa-
ferisi Senoba.
magram cxovreba Tavisi gziT midioda da Tavisas mainc ar
iSlida. xalxis SegnebaSi izrdeboda ganaTlebis, winsvlisa da
bedSavi yofis gaumjobesebis survili. ase, TandaTan Cndeboda
imedismomcem scenis-moyvareTa jgufebi, romelnic patar-patara
speqtaklebis dadgmiTac ki did saxalxo saqmes akeTebdnen.
provincia ar iyo, scenis moyvareni rom ara hyoloda da av-
ad Tu kargad, dgamdnen kidec im droisTvis Sesaferis da popu-
larul piesebs.
mSvenivrad Tqva Jurnal „Teatri da cxovrebis“ cnobilma
redaqtorma ioseb imedaSvilma:
„Tu vinmes SeuZlia Tqvas, revoluciis cecxls vaRvivebdi,
TviTmpyrobelobas Zirs vuTxridi, wodebriv urTierTobas Tu sa-
zogadoebriv usamarTlobas vaaSkaravebdi da Zveli weswyobile-
bis damxobas mTeli Cemi arsebiT vemsaxurebodio, es yvelaze
Tamamad SeuZlia Tqvas xalxurma Teatrma“.
da es gaxldaT sruli WeSmariteba!
viqnebodiT ase aTi wlisani, me da griSam scena pirvelad
rom vnaxeT onSi. mogvewona axalgazrdebis TamaSi da didi STa-
beWdilebiT aRvsilni davbrundiT Sin. es iyo daaxloebiT 1897-98
wlebSi.
mere patarebma Cvens mSobliur RarSic vsinjeT „scenis“
warmodgena. erT zafxulis ardadegebze ki patara vodevilic
davdgiT _ „sacole erTi saaTiT“, romelSic umcrosi Zmebic
CavabiT da amiT sruliad SeumCnevlad scenismoyvareTa dasSi
„SevdgiT fexi“.
samsaxiobo saqmeSi ukve karga gawvrTniladac vgrZnobdiT
Tavs, roca 1906 wlis zafxulis erT mSvenier dRes ojaxSi Cveni
naTesavi, bavSvobis megobari griSa jafariZe movida da orive
Zmas gvTxova masTan erTad migveRo monawileoba onSi warmodge-
nis dadgmaSi.
im dros raWaSi aseTi ram iSviaTi movlena iyo. aTasSi erT-
xel Tu gavigonebdiT, rom onelma moswavle axalgazrdebma, Sesa-
Zlebelia igive adgilobrivma kulturtregerebma, warmodgena ga-
marTeso. es pirdapir dResaswauli iyo onelebisaTvis.
pirveli aseTi dadgma onSi Zmebis – spiridon da arCil ja-
fariZeebis iniciativiTa da monawileobiT moxda. spiridoni da
arCili sofel velTeTidan iyvnen _ e.w. lomkaciSvilebi, moskov-
is universitetSi swavlobdnen da didi dafasebac hqondaT Cven-
Si, amitomac aravis gakvirvebia zafxulis erT mSvenier dRes ma-
Tgan onSi warmodgenis dadgma. scena mowyobili hqondaT onis
orklasiani samazro saswavleblis SenobaSi, maSin saukeTeso rom
iyo mTel mazraSi. am Senobas hqonda mozrdili saklaso oTaxebi,

86
romlebic im dros, sazafxulo ardadegebis gamo, Tavisufali
iyo da savsebiT akmayofilebda maSindel moTxovnebs.
dadges valerian gunias cnobili piesa „da-Zma“ da gansakuT-
rebuli STabeWdilebac moaxdines. warmateba kidev ufro didi
iqneboda, marines Semsrulebeli qali rom hyolodaT. am rols
vaJi asrulebda, rasakvirvelia, kacis xmiTa da ieriT, magram
qalis samoselSi gamowyobili.
im dros jer kidev ar iyvnen scenaze gamosvlis mosurne qa-
lebi, jer kidev akldaT saamiso „gambedaoba“.
aseTi xarvezebis gamosworeba mxolod SemdegSi moxerxda,
roca scenimoyvareTa rigebSi Cadgnen adgilobrivi oneli axal-
gazrdebi – Zmebi ermile da giorgi lobJaniZeebi, romlebmac qa-
lebis rolebis Semsruleblebad TavianTi debi gamoiyvanes: mari-
ami (SemdgomSi, mweral mixeil mrevliSvilis deda), babuca da
nino. es ukve gvariani ansambli iyo da xalxsac bevrs izidavda.
Tanac, Zmebi scenas TavianT ezoSi Ria cis qveS awyobdnen, sadac
xalxic bevri eteoda da moxerxebulic iyo.
lobJaniZeebis da-ZmaTa ansamblma imdenad mniSvnelovani ro-
li Seasrula adgilobrivi mayureblis aRzrdaSi, rom, roca za-
fxulSi raime mizeziT warmodgena ar Sedgeboda xolme, mayu-
rebeli ukve „kulturul SimSils“ grZnobda da ukmayofilebas
gamoTqvamda.
swored am dros gimnazielma miSa jafariZem, romelsac qu-
TaisSi ramdenime wlis swavlisa da TeatrSi xSiri siarulis ga-
mo kargad Seeswavla scenis saqme, iTava onSi warmodgenebis gama-
rTva, raTa mowyurebuli xalxisaTvis sulieri sazrdo miewo-
debina.
miSa jafariZe, ufro sworad miSago, rogorc mas megobrebi
veZaxdiT Cveni sasiqadulo mwerlis sergo kldiaSvilis CaTv-
liT, aseve rom uwodebs mas Tavis SesaniSnav novelaSi „patara
cxovreba“, sofel xirxonisidan iyo, raWaSi metad popularuli
ojaxis – „didi svimonis“ ojaxis – Svili, metad fxiani da mar-
jve, SemdgomSi quTaisis gazeTis „imereTis“ redaqtori.
miSagom male mouyara Tavi axalgazrdebis jgufs da gvari-
ani dasic Camoayaliba. im zafxuls jer onSi dadga ori piesa –
„patara kaxi“, a.yazbegis „arsena“ da mere am piesebiT qvemo
raWasac estumra. ambrolauri im dros arc ki arsebobda da Cven
sofel xidikarSi, iqve xidTan axlos, TeatrisaTvis erTi orsar-
Tuliani, im xanebSi Tavisufali Senoba davikaveT. miSagom Cveu-
li simarjviT ucbad moagvara saqmeebi, scenisa da darbazis mo-
sawyobad maSinve iSova saWiro masala da xelosnebic.
RmerTo Cemo, romeli Soreuli soflidan aRar Camovidnen
warmodgenaze dasaswrebad _ bugeuli, jvarisa, xonWiori, nikor-
wminda da sxv. _ onidan artistebi Camosulan xidikarSio. axal-
gazrdebi sibneleSi kvariTa da kelaptrebiT inaTebdnen gzas da
simRer-simReriT modiodnen xidikarisaken.
kvirikewmindidan axalgazrda mezoblebTan erTad sagangebod
Camovida studenti grigol mesxi. igi imdenad gaxarebuli iyo
Cveni kulturuli RonisZiebebiT, rom scenazec ki gveaxla, ga-
gvecno da speqtaklis dawyebis win xalxs aRfrTovanebuli sit-
yviT mimarTa. man speqtaklis damdgmelebs xalxis saxeliT mad-
loba gadauxada, mere ki mayureblebs mouwoda daewyoT Tanxis

87
Segroveba xidikarSi specialuri primitiuli fardulis asaSeneb-
lad, sadac msgavsi warmodgenebi sistematurad gaimarTeboda.
am winadadebas yvela aRtacebiT Sexvda.
saamisod iqve saTanado komisiac airCies da maxsovs, am keT-
il saqmes gansakuTrebuli xalisiT sof. wkadisis mkvidrma, ofi-
cerma svimon enuqiZem mohkida xeli.
erTi sityviT, im dros Cveni xalxi didad iyo mowyurebuli
sulier sazrdos.
dRes mTel raWaSi – onSiac da ambrolaurSiac _ fardule-
bi ki ara, profesional msaxiob-reJisorTa samoRvaweod sagangeb-
od aSenebuli Teatrebi da kulturis saxlebi arsebobs. am saqmes
moTaveobs iseTi xelmZRvaneli, rogoricaa xelovnebis damsaxu-
rebuli moRvawe, raWaSi metad popularuli giga jafariZe; onSi
mas scenis qurums uwodeben da aqvT kidec amis safuZveli.
aba, im dros sad iyo „SemoqmedebiTi tradiciebi“, sad iyo
maswavlebeli da damrigebeli?! Cven TviTon viyaviT sakuTari Ta-
vis mowafeca da maswavlebelic. cxadia, am pirobebSi Cvens Ta-
maSs aklda saTanado ostatoba da gamocdileba.
magram im dros mxatvruloba imdenad ar gvainteresebda, ram-
denadac patriotuli sityvis gadasrola scenidan mayurebelTa
gulebSi, maTSi mamuliSviluri grZnobebis gaRviveba.
axla mogaxsenebT, ras erqva ,,aqtivi” miSa jafariZis enaze.
es iyvnen axalgazrdebi, romlebsac, marTalia, scenaze TamaSi ar
SeeZloT, magram sxva mxriv sasargebloni iyvnen Teatrisa da msa-
xiobTaTvis, dadiodnen mezoblebSi saWiro tansacmlis da sxva
aucilebeli nivTebis saSovnelad, _ anu yvela, visac ki SeeZlo
raime sargebloba moetana TeatrisaTvis, riTime daxmareboda mas.
didsa da pataras saamayod miaCnda TeatrTan aseTi siaxlove. pa-
tara mowafeebic ki gvexmarebodnen da gvegzavnebodnen sxvadasxva
saqmeebze; werdnen, xatavdnen. aseTebi iyvnen, Tundac – dRes Cvens
sazogadoebaSi ukve kargad cnobili pirebi, moRvaweni – uCa ja-
fariZe, Cemi Zma, sabWoTa kavSiris saxalxo mxatvari, akademikosi;
dimitri janeliZe, Teatrmcodne, xelovnebis mecnierebaTa doqto-
ri, profesori; gercel baazovi, SemdegSi cnobili mwerali da
sxvebic. magram es sami erTmaneTTan Sezrdili mowafe-Tanaklase-
li mainc sul sxva iyo _ namdvili enTuziastebi, dauzarelni.
Tavs ar zogavdnen TeatrisaTvis, sazogado saqmisaTvis, nametna-
vad, patara dimitri.
erTi sityviT, Cveni patara scenismoyvareTa dasi, garda imi-
sa, rom speqtaklebs dgamda da amiT aRmzrdelobiTs muSaobas
eweoda, karg magaliTs aZlevda axalgazrdobas. ramdenma maTganma
miatova klubSi siaruli, sadac azartul TamaSobebSi iyvnen CaT-
reulni; Rvinis smac ki miatova zogierTma da Teatris TanamSro-
meli gaxda.
onis maSindeli axalgazrdobis garToba klubSi siaruli da
banqos TamaSi iyo, an e.w. „qeifi“ _ maTi janmrTelobis gamanad-
gurebeli da damRupveli. fulis wagebas vin Cioda, rac Tavis-
Tavad didad sazaralo da saziano ram iyo. es wageba-mogeba
metad cud gzaze ayenebda axalgazrdebs.
am mizeziT onSi araerTi adamiani gaubedurda... erTxelac,
rogorc yovelTvis, banqos TamaSobdnen jer Tavis Sesaqcevad, me-

88
re mogeba-wagebazec da Tan imdenad azartulad, rom bevrma mTe-
li Tavisi axlad aRebuli xelfasi waago.
erTi sityviT, yvela es wagebuli Tanxa erT bedniers daugr-
ovda xelSi, mazraSi sul axlad gadmoyvanil sasamarTlos gam-
omZiebel russ, romlis gvari aRar maxsovs. onSi es ambavi Zali-
an gaxmaurda. mokled, gamomZiebelma didZali fuli moigo da Sin
wavida. wagebulebi darCnen gawbilebulni, imedgacruebulni da
sasowarkveTilni. ra eqnaT, ra unda eRonaT?! jer scades RvinoSi
CaexrCoT javri, magram aman sul gaaxela isini da mTvralebma
gadawyvites gamomZiebelisaTvis mogebuli fulis warTmeva.
marTlac, ase qnes: tansacmeli gamoicvales, saxeze Cabala-
xebi Semoixvies, ar gvicnoso, im kacs Sin Seucvivdnen da mogebu-
li Tanxa mTlianad waarTves. Tan icinodnen: „axla daitrabaxos,
Tu biWia, Tavisi mogebao“.
magram sicili naadrevi aRmoCnda: dazaralebuls erTi Tav-
damsxmelTagani misi araCveulebrivad lamazi TvalebiT ecno. me-
ore dResve yvelani gamomZiebelTan miiyvanes da, raRa Tqma unda,
daapatimres kidec, mere katorRaSi ukres Tavi. tusaRobaSi ori
am ubedurTagani male gardaicvala. danarCenebma 1917 wlamde
Zlivs miatanes da mxolod revoluciis talRam ixsna, magram
katorRuli cxovrebiT jangatexilebs da daavadebulebs tuber-
kulozma maTac male mouRo bolo.
mere ra kargi axalgazrdebi da ra kargi ojaxis Svilebi iy-
vnen! cudi araferi CaudeniaT cxovrebaSi, magram azartulma Ta-
maSma da Rvinom am borotebisaken ubiZga maT.
onSi warmodgenebis dadgmisaTvis daTa beruCaSvilis saxls
viyenebdiT xolme, sadac erT dros samazro sasamarTlo iyo mo-
Tavsebuli da gvarianad mozrdili darbazic hqonda mayureb-
lisaTvis.
magram ufro xSirad saxeldaxelo Senobebsac vagebdiT, ma-
salad advilad saSovar da iafad Rirebul lamfas (Txel fi-
cars) viyenebdiT. ramdenime dReSi kvalificiuri xis ostatebis-
Tvis Teatris Senobis ageba – saWiro skamebiTa da sceniT _ ara-
viTar sirTules ar warmoadgenda. yvelafer amas sul advilad
axerxebda dasis xelmZRvaneli miSa jafariZe.
aseTi lamfis Senoba erTxel uweraSic avageT, roca iq erT
zafxuls sagastrolod wavediT.
Cveni stabiluri repertuari aseTi iyo: „patara kaxi“, „arse-
na“ – a.yazbegis, „da-Zma“ – v.guniasi, „qarTveli deda“, „xanuma“ –
avqs.cagarelisa, „samSoblo“ da oriode kidev sxva; rusuladac
vTamaSobdiT, magaliTad _ n.gogolis „SeSlilis werilebs“. amas
kargad asrulebda Cveni dasis wevri viqtor eliava, onSi xazinis
erT-erTi TanamSromeli, SemdegSi Tbilisis xazinis mmarTveli.
warmovadgineT agreTve, a.n.Cexovis „daTvi“.
sul repeticiebsa da saorganizacio saqmeebs viyaviT gada-
yolili. raki dasadgmelad xels romelime piesas movkidebdiT,
sxva aRaraferi gvaxsovda, Sin Rame vbrundebodiT xolme.
_ bavSvebo, bolos da bolos, saxlSiac gamoCndiT, ra saqme
gaqvT aseTi gauTavebeli, sul erTTavad onSi rom xarT dilidan
saRamomde? – gvsayvedurobdnen xolme mSoblebi.
Teatri materialur daxmarebasac uwevda onis sazogadoebas.
qalaqis baRSi, romelsac adgilobrivi macxovreblebi „bulvars“

89
uwodebdnen, idga xis erTi patara oroTaxiani Senoba. erTi
oTaxis oTxive kedeli savse iyo TaroebiTa da maTze dalagebu-
li wignebiT, meoreSi ki moTavsebuli iyo samkiTxvelo. iq idga
skamebSemowyobili grZeli, Jurnal-gazeTebiT damSvenebuli magi-
da, romelTanac sul xalxi ireoda. ai, swored, es „bulvari“ da
is patara ori oTaxi Tavisi wignebiTa da Jurnal-gazeTebiT iqau-
ri inteligenciisa da moswavle axalgazrdobis usayvarles adgi-
lad iTvleboda. im dros Jurnal-gazeTebis gasayidi jixurebi
jer kidev ar arsebobda. amitom erTaderTi „kulturuli“ dawe-
sebuleba, sadac saqveyno ambebis gageba SeiZleboda, onis „samki-
Txvelo“ gaxldaT.
es Senoba agebuli iyo qalaqis (maSin – dabis) mmarTvelobis
mier da mas ekuTvnoda biblioTekac da samkiTxveloc.
mTeli es biblioTeka cxraasiani wlebis dasawyisSi qalaqs
Semoswira kaxelma niko mrevliSvilma, sofel iyalTos mkvidrma,
romelic didxans muSaobda onis sasamarTloSi da iq daojaxda
kidec mariam lobJaniZeze. es qali didad ganaTlebuli da wignis
moyvaruli adamiani iyo. nikom onidan wasvlisas es wignebi qal-
aqs im pirobiT dautova, rom iq sajaro biblioTeka daearsebi-
naT, raRa Tqma unda, saTanado Senobis agebis Semdgom. niko da
mariami mSoblebi iyvnen cnobili mwerlis mixeil da profesor
Saliko mrevliSvilebisa.
da, ai, am biblioTeka-samkiTxvelosTvis Tanxis Sesawiradac
vdgamdiT Cven warmodgenebs, amitom qalaqis mmarTveloba da xal-
xi yovelmxriv ufro meti xalisiT gviwyobda xels.
dasSi viyaviT: xelmZRvaneli miSa (miSago) jafariZe, grigol
dvali, vladimer grZeliZe (maswavlebeli), viqtor eliava
(mosamsaxure), ivane (pasko) landia (mosamsaxure), sergo gamyreli-
Ze (studenti), debi lobJaniZeebi, babuca, nino; me da Cemi Zma
griSa.
qvemo raWaSi, xidikarSi, Semogvematnen debi luba da kato
gociriZeebi Tavisi umcrosi ZmiT akakiT, romelic maSin gimna-
zieli iyo _ SemdgomSi cnobili nevropaTologi, profesori, da
maTi mezobeli valodia erisTavi _ raWis erisTavebis ukanaskne-
li warmomadgeneli, provizori, didi popularobiT rom sargeb-
lobda Tavis sofelSi, roca revoluciis Semdeg Tavisi sayvare-
li barakoni datova da samuSaod TbilisSi Camovida, aqac aranak-
lebi siyvaruli da pativiscema daimsaxura.
luba da kato gociriZeebi sul axalgazrdebi iyvnen da quT-
aisis eparqiul qalTa saswavlebelSi swavlobdnen, amasTan, did
kulturul muSaobas eweodnen soflad da Cven gulwrfelad
gvexmarebodnen warmodgenebis dros.
erTxel uweraSi speqtaklis dasadgmelad miSago jafariZem
lamfisagan saxeldaxelod lamazi Senoba aago. Senoba maSindeli
uweris yvelaze TvalsaCino adgilze daidga _ eklesiis gverdiT
mdebare sakmaod mozrdil ezoSi, romelic Tbilisis pirveli
gimnaziis direqtors vano gamyreliZes ekuTvnoda da mwvaned bib-
inebda gzatkecilis gaswvriv, mquxare rionis maRal napirze.
uweraSi dadgmuli speqtaklebidan maxsovs: „qarTveli deda“,
„patara kaxi“ da yazbegis – „arsena“.

90
 im zafxuls uweraSi gansakuTrebiT bevri moagarake isveneb-
da da amitom Cveni speqtaklebic sul „anSlagebiT“ midioda. Tum-
ca mayurebeli arc sxva dros gvaklda.
1912 wlis zafxuls didi mgosnis – akaki wereTlis raWa-leC-
xumSi mogzaurobis molodinSi TiTqmis mTeli dasi mgosnis
dasaxvedrad emzadeboda. zogi axal Coxa-axaluxs ikeravda, zogi
lamaz iaraRs eZebda, zogi – cxens, zogi kidev – ras. magram
umTavresi is gaxldaT, rom sagangebod vamzadebdiT mis „patara
kaxs“, raTa kargi dadgmiT sapatio stumris guli gagvexarebina.
poetis dasaxvedrad ufrosebic adgendnen TavianT gegmebs da
saamisod specialuri komitetic iyo arCeuli.
ase rom, yvela Tavisi saqmiT iyo dakavebuli...
ai swored amis gamo, rodesac poeti da misi mravalricxova-
ni amala ons estumra, damxvdurTa programa imdenad gadatvirTu-
li aRmoCnda sxvadasxva RonisZiebebiT, purmariliT, oficialuri
SexvedrebiT, sityvebiT, simRerebiT, cekviTa da sxva gasarTobiT,
rom speqtaklisaTvis dro veRar gamoinaxa.
ase rom, im wlis zafxuli scenaze gamousvlelad gavatare
mSobliur sofel RarSi da bolos seqtembris pirvel ricxvebSi
wavedi lanCxuTSi, sadac saswavlo wlis dawyebasTan dakavSire-
biT Cemi mSoblebi ukve Casuliyvnen patara uCasTan erTad. mamaCe-
mi iq samoqalaqo saswavleblis gamged (inspeqtorad) muSaobda
1909 wlidan da Cvenc ise SeveCvieT iqaurobas, rom lanCxuTze
ukeTesi adgili arsad gveguleboda. axlac ki, TiTqmis samoci
wlis Semdeg, iseve miyvars is adgili da is xalxi, Tumca sadRa
arian isini dRes?
lanCxuTSi bevri kargi axalgazrda iyo da araerT maTganTan
vmegobrobdi kidec, gansakuTrebiT, Cvens mezobel, mamaCemTan
momuSave simReris axalgazrda maswavlebel kalenike JRentTan.
xSirad vsaubrobdiT Teatrze, msaxiobebze. kalenike pirdapir
„Camwvari“ iyo msaxiobobaSi da ar iqneboda, dadgmebSi monawile-
oba ar mieRo. lanCxuTelebic, saerTod, didi motrfialeni iyvnen
speqtaklebisa, magram ra unda eRonaT, Tuki araviTari xelisSem-
wyobi piroba ar gaaCndaT.
Cveni saubrebis Semdeg kalenikem piesis dadgmisaTvis daxma-
reba mTxova. me siamovnebiT daveTanxme da male man axalgazrda
scenismoyvareTa wris Camoyalibebac moaxerxa.
dasadgmelad avirCieT paolo mreTelis piesa „qristine“, eg-
nate ninoSvilis amave saxelwodebis moTxrobis mixedviT.
piesis dadgmisaTvis saWiro saorganizacio saqmeebis mogva-
reba, reJisoroba da saerTo xelmZRvaneloba TviTon kalenike
JRentma ikisra. rolebic manve gaanawila da TavisTvis spiridon
mciriSvilis roli airCia. tariel mklavaZis roli me momca, xo-
lo raki qristines rolis Semsruleblad lanCxuTSi aravin aR-
moCnda, kalenikem mis karg nacnobs, quTaisis dramatuli Teatris
cnobil msaxiobs mariam mdivans miswera. man Tanxmoba SemouTva-
la da warmodgenis dRes Camovida kidec lanCxuTSi.
warmodgena moewyo rkinigzis sadgurTan mdebare erT did
SenobaSi, romlis sigrZe oci, xolo sigane aTi metri mainc iqne-
boda. igi raRac iRblad Tavisufali aRmoCnda da marjvedac
moergo Cvens warmodgenas.

91
 dadgmam Cinebulad Caiara da lanCxuTis sazogadoeba metad
nasiamovnebi darCa, miT ufro, rom igi adgilobrivi ZalebiT iqna
Catarebuli, rac imxanad lanCxuTSi metad iSviaTi ram gaxldaT.
auarebeli xalxi sulganabuli usmenda piesas da aRtacebiT
egebeboda TiToeul msaxiobs.
yovelmxriv kargi iyo lanCxuTi, gansakuTrebiT ki _ iqauri
xalxiT. yovel maTganSi egnate ninoSvilis romelime personaJs
vxedavdi.
sizmariviT gaqra im SesaniSnav kuTxeSi gatarebuli dReebi
da uaRresad sanatrel mogonebebad CamrCa mexsierebaSi.
raki scenaze da scenismoyvareobaze giyvebiT, barem Cems,
moskovur ”Teatralur moRvaweobasac” gavixseneb. warmoidgineT,
monawileoba mimiRia moskovis konservatoriaSi kompozitor bal-
ambergis mier dadgmul saopero speqtaklSi „demoni“, nezlobinis
TeatrSi reJisor kote marjaniSvilis mier dadgmul leonid
andreevis piesaSi „Savi niRbebi“ da bolos _ gind daijereT,
gind ara _ bedad ”didi Teatris”, an rogorc mas uwodeben, „mso-
flio kulturis siamayis“ – „xelovnebis akademiis“ scenaze gamo-
svlac ki mxvda wilad.
diax, mqonda es bedniereba da Tumca did rolebs ar vasru-
lebdi, samagierod, scenaze did msaxiobebTan – SaliapinTan, so-
binovTan, neJdanovasTan da sxvebTan erTad vmdgarvar. es ki didi
pativi da Rirsebaa. dResac saamayod maqvs Cemi studentobisdroi-
ndeli es ulamazesi xana – did TeatrSi muSaobis ori weli.
iq rogor movxvdi?
maSin Teatri statistebze konkurss acxadebda xolme, rom-
lebic masiuri scenebisaTvis sWirdeboda. konkurss umetesad,
studentoba eZaleboda, radgan es maT did dros ar arTmevda da
Tanac scenaze saxelganTqmul msaxiobebTan erTad gamodiodnen.
amasTan, Zalian xSirad evropis sxvadasxva qveynebidan gastro-
liorebic Camodiodnen da aba amas ra jobda?
aseT speqtaklebze mosaxvedrad xalxi bileTebis saSovrad
rigSi Rameebs aTevda, Cven ki statistis wignakiT TeatrSi Tavis-
uflad SevdiodiT, oRond marto scenaze da ara mayurebelTa
darbazSi.
garda amisa, am statistobisas saSualeba gveZleoda axlos
gavcnobodiT msaxiobTa sazogadoebas da iq momuSave sxva pirebs.
Tan, sxva sikeTesTan erTad, honorarsac viRebdiT. repeticiaze
daswrebisaTvis 50 kapiks, xolo speqtaklSi monawileobisTvis
erT maneTs gvaZlevdnen. ise rom, jamSi, Tve ar gavidoda, 20-25
maneTi ar migveRo.
statistad Caricxva did TeatrSi arc ise advili iyo. speci-
aluri Jiuri saaTobiT arCevda am saqmisaTvis gamosadeg mozRva-
vebul axalgazrdobas. yuradReba eqceoda umTavresad tanadobas,
warmosadegobas, siarulis da, sazogadod, moZraobis kulturas.
qarTveli studentebidan did TeatrSi TiTqmis aTamde kaci
viyaviT da maT Soris me da griSac. es ki didad saxaliso iyo
CvenTvis da saamayoc, vinaidan, rogorc zemoTac aRvniSne, scena-
ze gamosvla did msaxiobebTan erTad gvixdeboda da xSirad viya-
viT maT sazogadoebaSi.
1913 wlidan did Teatrs kidev Semoemata statistTa axali
nakadi da, maT Soris, im wels moskovis universitetSi Caricxu-

92
li Cveni ori Zma – valeriani da aleqsandre. marTalia, mamaCemi
oTxive Zmas yovelTviurad gvigzavnida sakmao Tanxas, magram Te-
atrSi muSaobiT kidev ufro viadvilebdiT cxovrebas, amasTan
droc cota gvexarjeboda.
TiTqmis yoveldRiuri urTierTobis wyalobiT axlos gaveca-
niT, gavuSinaurdiT da davumegobrdiT didi Teatris msaxiobebsa
da TanamSromlebs.
es gansakuTrebiT Cems Zma valerianze iTqmis. valeriani same-
dicino fakultetis studenti iyo da xSirad, saWiroebisamebr,
samedicino daxmarebas uwevda yvelas, ris gamoc TeatrSi sakma-
od popularuli „eqimi“ gaxda; amas isic daerTo, rom valeriani
metad enamaxvili iyo, Tbilisuri anekdotebiT arTobda msaxio-
bebs, maT Soris, yofil “Tbilisels” Teodor Saliapins, rome-
lic kargad icnobda Tbiliss da Tbiliselebs. amitomac Saliap-
ini Zalian daumegobrda valerians, miT ufro, roca opera „psko-
vitianka“ midioda. aq cxenze mjdomi valerian „boiarini“ mouSo-
reblad Tan axlda aseve cxenze amxedrebul ivane mrisxanes par-
tiis Semsrulebel Saliapins. cxenosnebidan, romelnic mas axld-
nen scenaze, valeriani yvelaze ufro eimedeboda da gverdidan
ar iSorebda. Saliapinma valerians Tavisi fotoportretic usax-
sovra Tbili warweriT: „Valerianu Malakieviqu D[aparidze na
dobroe vospominanie o scene Bol>wogo teatra. 1914 g. F.Wal%pin.“
es portreti axlac amSvenebs valerianis saojaxo fotoga-
lereas da dRemde Tvalis CiniviT inaxaven.
ori weliwadi davyavi didi Teatris scenaze da Tumca iq
mxolod mdumare statistad „vmuSaobdi,“ mainc iq gatarebul
dros didi siamovnebiTa da kmayofilebiT vixseneb Tundac imi-
tom, rom Tavs savsebiT Sinaurulad vgrZnobdi am didi xelov-
nebis wminda taZarSi.
zemoT moskovis konservatoria da nezlobinis Teatric vax-
sene. am scenebze qarTvelma studentebma mxolod TiTo speqtak-
lSi miviReT monawileoba da orive maTgani tkbil mogonebebs
miRvivebs.
konservatoriaSi daidga kompozitor balambergis opera „de-
moni“, romlis Sinaarsic igivea, rac lermontovis cnobili poe-
misa, musika ki didad gansxvavdeba rubinSteinis operis „demonis“
musikisagan, romelsac karga xania SeCveulia Cveni msmeneli.
qarTveli studentebi qoreografiul nawilSi viRebdiT mona-
wileobas. repeticiebze Cven konservatoriis student qalebTan
erTad gvavarjiSebdnen da iq sruliad SemTxveviT „aRmovaCineT“
erTi metad sandomiani da lamazi qarTveli qaliSvili, gvarad
abulaZe, garusebuli Svili im ojaxisa, romelmac erTi sityvac
ki ar icoda qarTuli. am ambavma guli matkina da axlac mtkiv-
neulad ganvicdi, roca warmovidgen, Tu ramdeni qarTveli axal-
gazrdaa mowyvetili Tavis mSobliur qveyanas da albaT aRarc ki
ainteresebs misi winaprebis ena, kultura da istoria.
nezlobinis TeatrSi kote marjaniSvilma migviwvia, sadac
igi reJisorobda. imxanad leonid andreevis piesa „Savi niRbebi“
dadga. usityvo rolebisaTvis TiTqmis TxuTmetamde studentma
karga xans viareT repeticiebze.

93
 es repeticiebi arasodes damaviwydeba. specxalaTSi gamowyo-
bili kote qurumiviT idga da araferi axsovda, Tavisi saqmis
garda.
1914 wels foTSi daviwye muSaoba. es moxda didi qarTveli
publicistis niko nikolaZis wardginebiT. niko im dros qalaqis
Tavi gaxldaT. me amirCies adgilobrivi saurTierTo ndobis sa-
zogadoebis gamgeobis Tavmjdomared da sul male mSvenivrad Se-
vegue iqaurobas. gavicani xalxi da isinic gamecvnen. iq, Cems Zi-
riTad movaleobasTan erTad, TandaTan davitvirTe sxva sazoga-
doebrivi saqmeebiTac.
vmuSaobdi da, amasTan, vxelmZRvanelobdi dramatul sazoga-
doebas. maxsovs, ra gawvalebuli viyavi ubinaobis gamo; erTi
ubralo fardulic ar gagvaCnda, drodadro repeticiebi mainc
rom Cagvetarebina. amitom xSirad vawuxebdiT xolme kinoTeatr
„kometas“ mepatrones baton nikolaiSvils darbazis saTxovne-
lad.
„kometa“ im dros erTaderTi didi darbazi iyo foTSi. axa-
li aSenebuli gaxldaT da xalxic Zalze etaneboda kinoseansebs,
rogorc erTaderT gasarTobs. adgilic iSviaTi aerCia mis pat-
rons – qalaqis centraluri adgili. warmodgenebis dasadgmelad
ukeTess verafers vnaxavdiT da, cxadia, xSirad vawuxebdiT mas
xan speqtaklis dasadgmelad, xan literaturuli saRamos an ro-
melime gamoCenili piris leqciis Casatareblad.
erTxel Salva nucubiZe moviwvieT quTaisidan, xolo Tbili-
sidan ioseb griSaSvili gvewvia. am saRamoebs didZali xalxi
daeswro. maxsovs, avqsenti megreliZis winadadebiT, sufsaSiac
warmovadgineT Cveni speqtakli. warmodgenaSi avqsentisTan erTad
misi meuRle – „mimqralis“ fsevdonimiT cnobili poeti qali li-
dia megreliZec monawileobda. avqsenti im dros foTSi msaxu-
robda. piesa raRac saqvelmoqmedo mizniT davdgiT.
rasakvirvelia, gviWirda saTanado Senobis uqonloba da ax-
lac mikvirs, rogor axerxebda imodena qalaqi uTeatrod cxovre-
bas. albaT, am mxriv did miznebs isaxavda foTis imdroindeli
mesveuri da moamage niko nikolaZe, magram Sesaferis dros elo-
da.
bevri tkbili mogoneba SemomrCa im droidan, gansakuTrebiT
ki valerian gunias iubileze Cemi da ioseb griSaSvilis gamosv-
la TbilisSi 1917 wels.
Cemi axalgazrdobis is dauviwyari STabeWdilebani axlac
guSindel dResaviT maxsovs. amas mTlianad foTis dramatul sa-
zogadoebasa da foTelebs vumadli.
scena!...
amboben, vinc erTxel scenas eziareba, mas veRar daiviwyebso.
onis patara scenidan didi Teatris did scenamde!
ai, manZili!...
manZili, marTlac, udidesia!... oi, ra auwoneli bedniereba
mewvia axalgazrdobaSi!
did TeatrSi erT Sexedvasac ki bednierebad Tvlis zogi-
erTi, me ki iq SinauriviT viyavi karga xans.
ukanasknelad momajadoebeli STabeWdileba Tbilisis operi-
sa da baletis Teatris scenidan damrCa, rodesac 1968 wlis 19

94
ianvars Cemi Zmis uCas 60 wlisTavis saiubileo saRamoze sityviT
momixda gamosvla meore ZmasTan _ daviTTan erTad.
„Teatris mizania mayurebels mianiWos sixaruli, Sehmatos
mxneoba“, _ ambobda didi kote marjaniSvili.
me amas mudam vcdilobdi da mgoni vakeTebdi kidec.

maqsim gorki qalaq onSi

1903 wlis zafxuli idga.

Cveni ojaxi ardadegebze mSobliur saxlSi, zemo raWis sof-
el RarSi isvenebda. sofeli Rari maSindeli mazris administra-
ciul centrs _ ons _ 3 kilometriT iyo daSorebuli.
oni patara, umniSvnelo, magram Tavisi mdebareobis wyalobiT
sakmaod cnobili daba iyo.
dRes oni qalaqia, raionuli centri.
mamaCemi, malaqia jafariZe, imxanad maswavleblad quTaisSi
muSaobda da Svilebsac iqaur gimnaziaSi gvaswavlida, magram
mtkice Cveuleba hqonda, zafxulis ardadegebis dawyebisTanave
mTeli ojaxiT raWaSi wasuliyo, sadac mas mouTmenlad elodnen
mSoblebi da axloblebi, mamapapeuli sofluri saxli. Cven ki, ba-
vSvebs, sayvareli bebia da babuas garda, xexiliT savse didi
mwvane ezo, tye, mindori, veli da, rac mTavaria, SesaniSnavi saba-
nao civi da ankara mdinare Rarula gvizidavda. mdinare kvaJis
mTidan moedineba da Cveni soflis bolos rions erTvis. amitom
sofeli Tavisi yoveldRiuri da mousvenari cxovrebiT mimzidve-
li da sanatreli iyo. onSi iSviaTad Tu CavdiodiT; yidva araf-
risa gvWirdeboda. zogjer Jurnal-gazeTebisaTvis mivakiTxavdiT
fostas, mxolod kviraSi orjer rom amodioda quTaisidan.
erTxel, saRamo Jams, roca mamaCemi yanidan dabrunda, dana-
nebiT gviTxra:
_ ai ramdeni dRea Tqven onSi ar CasulxarT da Turme rogo-
ri didi ambavi gamogvparvia: maqsim gorki yofila iq quTaisidan
kavkavSi mimavalio.
am sruliad moulodneli ambiT pirdapir gaocebulni davr-
CiT.
ojaxSi imxanad xuTi Zma viyaviT; meeqvse Zma uCa mxolod
sami wlis Semdeg, 1906-Si Semogvemata.
_ gorki udavod didi mweralia, _ gadavulaparakeT erTma-
neTs, _ misi wignebi xom mamaCvenis karadaSic awyvia... ramdeni ram
gvaswavles am wignebma! marto qarTveli kacis _ erTi sawyali
Saqro faTaZis ambavi rad Rirs, romlis saxelic Cven mwerlis
moTxrobidan – „Cemi Tanamgzavri“ – amovikiTxeT.
Tavisuflebisa da sinaTlisaken gorkis mowodebebi mudam
gvxiblavda me da Cems Zmas.
Cven maSin mexuTe Tu meeqvse klasis gimnazielebi viyaviT da
sakmaod kargad verkveodiT mwerlobis sakiTxebSi; gansakuTrebiT
kargad vicnobdiT rus klasikosebs. gorki, marTalia, axali Sem-
osuli iyo literaturaSi, magram mainc gvizidavda. misi moTxro-
bebi azrsa da ganwyobilebas gviforiaqebda.

95
 amitomac gadavwyviteT, rogorme SevxvedrodiT maqsim gor-
kis.
meore dRes diliT, gamTeniis xans me da Cemi Zma xalisiT
gavuyeviT Cveulebriv saurme gzas. ufro sworad, gza SevamokleT
da bilikiTa Tu ubilikod, xetialis Semdeg, onSi amovyaviT Tavi.
Tan waviReT mamis mier sagangebod CvenTvis nayidi fotokamera _
„kodaki“, romelic im dros iSviaTobas warmoadgenda. cxadia, es
kamera dRevandelTan SedarebiT didi veraferi bedena iyo, magram
misi saSualebiT bevri portreti da soflis xedi gadaviReT. ax-
lac am fotoaparatiT sayvareli mwerlis portretis gadaReba
gvqonda gadawyvetili.
onSi im dros, msgavsad araerTi sxva patara qalaqisa Tu
soflisa, erTgvari „sanaxSo“ iyo.
Cvenc aq gavigeT, rom ,,gorki Tavisi megobrebiT es-esaa „li-
neikiT“ gavida uweris gziTao”.
ra unda gveqna? nuTu Sin ise unda davbrunebuliyaviT, Sori-
dan mainc ar gvexila sayvareli mwerali? sanaxSoze TavSeyril-
ebma gvirCies, dro ar dagvekarga, „lineikas“ gamovdgomodiT da
xidis gaRma aRmarTiT gza gadagveWra. asec moviqeciT. magram,
miuxedavad Cveni gulamovardnamde sirbilisa, mainc ver movaxer-
xeT davweodiT mgzavrebs da roca Zneli aRmarTi aviareT da
fostis gzaze avediT, „lineika“ ukve grial-grialiT miuyveboda
mamisonisaken mimaval Saras. Sig ramdenime mgzavri ijda, romel-
Ta Sorisac naTlad gamoirCeoda gorkis maRali figura nabdis
TeTri farTofarfliani qudiT, rogoric axuravT xolme zafxu-
lobiT turistebs. man moixeda Cvenken da didxans mogvCereboda
dakvirvebiT, sanam etli mosaxvevs ar miefara.
Cven advilad SegveZlo gagveCerebina „lineika“, Tuki xels
davuqnevdiT da gavZaxebdiT, magram es kadnierebad miviCnieT.
davrCiT gawbilebulni.
Sors, qvemodan, TiTqo nugeSis niSnad, aTas xmaze SemogvSxu-
oda giJmaJi rioni.
ra STambeWdavi iyo im dros Cven irgvliv gaSlili sivrce,
romelsac kavkasionis marad Tovliani qedi agvirgvinebda. ra ka-
rgi iqneboda, cota adre rom movsuliyaviT da am lamazi peizaJ-
is fonze iSviaTi stumrisa da misi megobrebisTvis samaxsovro
suraTi gadagveRo Cveni fotoaparatiT.
ukan imedgacruebulni davbrundiT.
onSi megobrebisa da nacnobebis gamokiTxvis Semdeg dawvri-
lebiT gavigeT gorkis iq yofnis ambavi.
aleqsi maqsimes Ze onSi quTaisidan Tavis megobar konstanti-
ne petres Ze piatnickisTan erTad Camovida, romelic peterburgis
erT-erTi gamomcemlobis „znanies“ xelmZRvaneli iyo. aqeT im gan-
zraxviT gamouvlia, rom osuri „lineika“ eSovna da gza kavkavam-
de ganegrZo. interesi hqonia oseTis samxedro gzas gascnoboda
da amiT Tavisi didi xnis survili aesrulebina.
mwerlis “Cveni gziT” wamosvla gasagebi gaxda, Tu gaviTva-
liswinebT im garemoebas, rom erTaderTi saSualeba, romliTac
mamisonis uReltexiliT kavkavSi gadasvla SeiZleboda im dros,
„lineika“ iyo. misi Sovna ki mxolod onSi SeiZleboda, radgan
tvirTi Crdilo kavkasiidan mxolod onamde gadmohqondaT.

96
 amrigad, Crdilo oseTidan gadmosuli „lineikis“ bolo gaCe-
rebis adgili oni iyo. mgzavrebmac icodnen es da amitom „gadaR-
ma“ wasvlis msurvelebi onSi modiodnen. didi mweralic, eWvi
araa, xsenebuli mizniT aRmoCnda Cvens qalaqSi.
marTlac, am patara „lineikebs“ marjved SeeZloT daeZliaT
iqauri viwro gzebi. aseTi ram ki am marSrutze xSiri iyo. sxvaTa
Soris, mgzavrebs xSirad uxdebodaT CamoqveiTeba, rom cxenebi-
saTvis simZime SeemsubuqebinaT da TviTonac xifaTs ar gadahy-
rodnen.
me, piradad, Cems tyup ZmasTan, grigolTan, erTad, xSirad mi-
vlia am gziT. gimnaziis damTavrebis Semdeg, ruseTisaken swored
am gziT da aseTi „lineikiT“ gavemgzavre. pirvelad mogvixda
mgzavroba onidan kavkavamde. pirdapir gaocebuli viyavi ara
marto gzis zRapruli silamaziT, aramed am patara etlis gamZ-
leobiTa da im sruliad mouwyobel gzaze cxenebis simarjviTac.
gzas ki, didis ambiT, „oseTis samxedro gza“ erqva. gza im
pirobebSic Tu mainc inarCunebda Tavis funqcias da dasavleT
saqarTvelosa da oseTs Sua mimosvla ar wydeboda, me vfiqrob,
pirvel yovlisa, amas osi „melineikeebis“ unars unda vumadlo-
deT, maTi patara etlebisa da kunTmagari cxenebis iSviaT gam-
Zleobas.
maSasadame, gorkis ganzraxva hqonia ons stumreboda, rom
kavkavSi samgzavro „lineika“ eSovna, Tanac, isic hqonia gagonili,
rom iq (onSi) Ramis gasaTevs versad iSovida, Tu ara sadme ojax-
Si. amaSi mas daxmareba gauwia misma keTilma megobarma, imxanad
quTaisSi myofma, SemdgomSi baqos 26 komisarTagan erT-erTma _
alioSa jafariZem. mas Tavisi oneli naTesavisaTvis, SemdgomSi
cnobili otolaringologis daviT jafariZisaTvis miewera, rome-
lmac mwerali didi sixaruliT miiRo ojaxSi da onis axal-
gazrdobac gaacno.
maqsim gorkis onSi didi pativiscemiT Sexvdnen da bolos
vercxliT moWedili jixvis yanwebic aCuqes.
onSi maqsim gorkim or dRes dahyo. maspinZlebma mTeli es
dro erT did, daumTavrebel zeimad uqcies Zvirfas stumars. amas
dResac igonebs Cemi megobari prokofi erisTavi, romelic uSua-
lo monawile iyo aRniSnuli ambisa.
am Sexvedra-dResaswaulis namdvili sulisCamdgmeli iyo maS-
in sul axalgazrda parmen gamyreliZe – SemdgomSi TvalsaCino
iuristi da sazogado moRvawe, WiaTuris saeqsporto marganecis
sazogadoebis („Cemos“) saqmeTa mmarTveli.
literaturis didma moyvarulma parmen gamyreliZem saamayo
stumars ara marto onSi gauwia maspinZloba, aramed oseTis saz-
Rvramde – mamisonis uReltexilamdec – gaacila igi da metad ka-
rgi STabeWdilebac datova stumarze. es naTlad Cans didi
mwerlis mier misTvis niJni novgorodidan gamogzavnil Txzule-
baTa eqvstomeulis pirveli tomis satitulo furcelze Sesru-
lebuli warweridan: „Na pam%t> Parmenu Davidoviqu Gamkrelidze.
Gluboko blagodarnjy za gostepriymstvo i lhbeznost>, M.Gorkiy. N.
Novgorod. 5-go avgusta 1903 goda.“
maqsim gorkis es wignebi dResac inaxeba parmen gamyreliZis
ojaxSi, rogorc Zvirfasi saojaxo reliqvia da axlandel mis
mflobels simon parmenis Zes, Tbilisis universitetis docents,

97
ganzraxuli aqvs is TbilisSi axlad gaxsnil gorkis muzeums
Seswiros.
gorkis wignebTan erTad p.gamyreliZisaTvis Tavisi fotopor-
tretic gamougzavnia, isic sakuTari warweriT. es portretic
daamSvenebs gorkis saxelobis Tbilisis muzeumis eqsponatebs.
gavida ramdenime weli. me da grigoli ukve moskovis univer-
sitetSi vswavlobdiT. gorkic albaT iqve sadRac axlos cxov-
robda da amitom quCaSi xSirad SegvimCnevia fexiT mosiarule.
da ai, erTxel saxelovani mwerali „Tavisufal TeatrSi“,
anu rogorc mas xSirad uwodebdnen moskovelebi, „marjanovTan“
(radgan Teatris xelmZRvaneli cnobili reJisori kote marjani-
Svili iyo) SevniSneT: is pirveli rigis rbil da Rrma savarZel-
Si ijda sapatio stumrebTan erTad da didi yuradRebiT misCere-
boda scenas.
Cven visargebleT antraqtiT da aleqsi maqsimes ZesTan mive-
diT. gamovecnaureT. esiamovna, radgan qarTvelebisagan da saqar-
Tvelodan bevri ram axsovda sasiamovno, movagoneT 1903 weli da
misi onSi yofna. vuambeT agreTve, Tu ra amao gamodga maSin Cveni
Tavgamodeba da maraToni, radgan bavSvebs ar gveyo gambedaoba,
gagveCerebina misi etli. didma mweralma bevri icina, magram Tan
sinanulic gamoTqva, rom ver gadaviReT is qalaq onisa da kavka-
siis mTebis fonze.
_ Tqven rom maSin gambedaoba gyofnodaT, megobrebo, _ gviT-
xra gorkim gamoTxovebisas da Tan qera ulvaSebSi saamod CaiRi-
ma, _ dRes erTi lamazi sabuTic gveqneboda xelT odesRac kav-
kasiis mTebSi oseTis samxedro gzaze Sexvedris mosagoneblad.
Cveni sayvareli fotoaparati „kodaki“ dResac saTuTad ina-
xeba Cvens ojaxSi, rogorc im lamazi, magram uiRblo epizodis
utyvi mowme.

akakisTan erTad raWa-leCxumSi

Cveni sayvareli mgosani akaki wereTeli pirvelad quTaisSi

vnaxe, roca is 60 wlis vaJkaci iyo, me ki, gimnaziis mowafes, misi
xilva ocnebad mqonda gadaqceuli. da mainc, bolos da bolos,
1912 wels, akakis raWa-leCxumSi mogzaurobis dros, masTan piris-
pir Sexvedris bednierebac meRirsa. maSin mgosani ukve Warmagi
moxuci brZandeboda.
rogorc im istoriuli mogzaurobis monawilem, minda zogi
ram gavixseno piradad akakisa da im sazeimo Sexvedrebis Sesaxe-
bac, mgosans rom raWa-leCxumSi mouwyves da WeSmaritad saxalxo
dResaswaulis xasiaTi miiRo. es, saerTod, cnobili ambavi gaxla-
vT, magram me Cemi TvaliT nanax ambebze giambobT Tqven, visac di-
di akaki TvaliT arasodes ginaxavT.
daviwyeb imiT, Tu ra gafacicebiT vemzadebodiT didi Tu
patara, axal Coxebs vikeravdiT. Cems patara Zmas uCasac ki, rome-
lic maSin mxolod xuTi wlisa iyo, dedam sirmiT movlebuli
mSvenieri qulaja Seukera...
stumars onidan 12 kilometris daSorebiT, soris WalebSi
davxvdiT. samasi cxenosani vegebebodiT sapatio stumarsa da mis
TanmxlebT. pirveli etli, romelSiac akakis didebul saxes mov-
98
kariT Tvali, sxva etlebisagan gansxvavebiT, cocxali yvavilebiT
iyo morTuli.
vixileT Tu ara mgosani, maSinve xmamaRali vaSa SevZaxeT da
am gundur Zaxils taSis grialic davurTeT Tan.
man aRfrTovanebuli salmiTa da qudis moxdiT upasuxa Cvens
sazeimo SeZaxils da roca SeniSna, rom sityviT mimarTavdnen,
fexze wamodgoma scada, magram daRlili Canda da, xalxis Txov-
niT, isev etlis savarZelSi dabrZanda. sityvac qudmoxdilma da
etlSi mjdarma moismina; iaraRSi Camsxdar cxenosnebs gvadevneb-
da Tvals. Canda, rom Relavda, radgan TvalebTan wamdauwum mihq-
onda cxvirsaxoci da cremls imSralebda.
amis Semdeg mgosnisa da mis TanamgzavrTa etlebis ukan dave-
wyveT da simReris guguniT avaTqaruneT cxenebi...
iSviaTi sanaxavi gaxldaT onis misadgomTan aRmarTuli tri-
umfaluri TaRi, romelic yvavilebiTa da lozungebiT iyo Sem-
kuli. am TaRTan auarebel xalxs moeyara Tavi. qalaqis warmomad-
genelma isev morigi misasalmebeli sityviT mimarTa mgosans.
da, ai, am dros xalxis wiaRidan, rogorc wylis Wavlidan
TeTri gedebi, amoimarTa TeTriT Semosili da TaigulebiT xel-
damSvenebuli sami ulamazesi gogona; isini msubuqad gamoeyvnen
xalxis talRas da, rogorc mgosnis muzebi, feriebiviT miegebnen
mas, mere ki etlSi Causxdnen Zvirfas stumars.
am ”muzebTan” dakavSirebiT minda mcirediT gadavuxvio mTa-
var saTqmels da Tqveni yuradReba maTze gadavitano.
akakis sami poeturi muza, sami ulamazesi qaliSvili onis
mowinave sazogadoebidan, erTad swavlobda quTaisis wminda ni-
nos qalTa gimnaziaSi, romelic maT erTad daamTavres 1912 wlis
zafxulSi...
lena giorgobiani iyo ulamazesi ulamazesTa Soris; saTno
da moridebuli ufrosebis mimarT, xolo amxanagebis wreSi –
xalisiani da sicocxliT savse, gulRia da gulmxurvale. mas
jer kidev saswavlebelSi eZaxdnen „RvTaebas“ da es epiTeti ara
marto silamazis, iSviaTi garegnobisa da maRali adamianuri Tvi-
sebebisaTvis, aramed qaluri sinatifisa da momxibvlelobisaTvis,
keTili qcevisa da yvelasadmi siyvaruliT savse da sufTa guli-
saTvis SeerqmiaT misTvis.
lena quTaisSi cnobili eqimis dimitri nazariSvilis qali-
Svil isiasTan erTad izrdeboda. isiac mTel quTaisSi aseve saT-
no da momxibvleli gogona gaxldaT da orTave iqaur mowinave
sazogadoebaSi trialebda. poetebi aRmerTebdnen maT. 1912-1913
wlebSi quTaisis imdroindel gazeTebSi lenasadmi miZRvnili
araerTi leqsia dabeWdili; Tundac leqsi „fiordebis asuls“,
romelic „oqros verZis“ 1913 wlis me-5 nomerSia gamoqveynebuli.
aRarafers vityvi gamouqveynebel werilebze da paolo iaSvilis
leqsze _ „meores“, isia nazariSvils rom eZRvneba. aseTi saTauri
paolos leqss imitom hqonda, rom misi warmodgeniT „pirveli“
lena giorgobiani iyo.
magram lena Zalze mokrZalebuli da kdemamosili gaxldaT
da amden qebas yuradRebas ar aqcevda, TiTqos arc gaegonos da
arc araferi smenodes. amitom iyo, rom mas arc erTi gazeTi ar
Seunaxavs, romlebSiac misdami miZRvnili leqsebia dabeWdili.

99
 im dros jer kidev axalgazrda poetma leli jafariZem moi-
wadina yvela am leqsTa Sekreba da erT wignad gamoqveyneba, raTa
igi saCuqrad mierTmia adresatisaTvis, magram lenam Sors
daiWira da yuric ar aTxova lelis survils...
lena cekvisTvis iyo dabadebuli. marTlac iSviaTi momxibv-
lelobiT asrulebda rogorc evropul, ise qarTul cekvebs, pri-
zic ki miiRo „naurulis“ cekvisaTvis 1913 wels quTaisis klubSi.
„Kutaisskiy listok“-mac aRniSna: „V konce bjla ispolnena naurska%
lezginka Lenoy Giorgobiani“.
raWa-leCxumSi lenas Sexvedra did akakisTan pirveli da
ukanaskneli ar yofila; quTaisSi mas kidev eloda mTel saRamos
mgosnis gverdiT yofna.
lenas gasaocrad, akakim Tavad icno misi erT-erTi muza, gam-
oelaparaka da darbazSi vano sarajiSvilsac ki gaacno, romelic
im saRamos koncertze gamodioda.
es dauviwyari Sexvedra lena giorgobians _ igive Cems meuR-
les _ aRwerili aqvs erT mcire mogonebaSi da remingtonze
gadabeWdili Cvens ojaxSi inaxeba.
lenas SemdgomSiac kargad icnobdnen qarTul sazogadoeba-
Si... mas moxucebulobamde ar daukargavs momxibvleloba da iSvi-
aTi adamianuri Tvisebebi...
naTqvamia „colis qeba ra rigiao“ da mec aq minda davusva
wertili...
akakis meore muza – nadia CikvaiZe – lenas deidaSvili, eqim
CikvaiZis qaliSvili, Cemma Zmam griSam iTxova. xolo mesame muza
– Tamar gelovani – eqim aslan gelovanis qaliSvili da SemdegSi
poet lado gegeWkoris meuRle, msaxiobi Zmebis merab da gogi
gegeWkorebis deda gaxldaT.
ai, is sami TeTri poeturi muza, romlebic gverds umSveneb-
dnen akakis raWa-leCxumSi mogzaurobis dros...
etlis gverdiTa safexurebze me da Cemi Zma grigoli davde-
qiT, ori erTnairi qandakeba da erTnairad morTul-mokazmulni.
amis Semdeg etlic daiZra, magram ris vai-vaglaxiT miiwevda xal-
xiT gaWedil quCaSi da, roca gaSlil mindorze aRmovCndiT, Sek-
rebilTa iseTi sixarulis yiJina da vaSas Zaxili gaisma, rom
cxenebi dafrTxnen da Zlivs Seakaves isini.
paraskevi iyo, adgilobrivi bazrobis dRe, rac Zalauneburad
xels uwyobda xalxis simravles; gegonebodaT, mTel raWas aq
mouyria Tavio.
daviT gociriZis saxli, romelic stumris misaRebad iyo
gaTvaliswinebuli, Zvirfas sazogadoebas aevso; ezoSi ferxuli
moewyoT da didebuli simRerebiT atkbobdnen yurTasmenas.
sami dRe dahyo akakim onSi da am xnis manZilze gverdidan
ar movSorebivarT, sul Tavs vevlebodiT, SevcqerodiT mas da
vxarobdiT misi imeruli kiloTi Sezavebuli qarTuliT, xumro-
bebiTa da moswrebuli sityviT.
rac unda Rrma azris Semcveli yofiliyo misi sityva akaki
sadad da martivad gadmoscemda, Tanac xmis yoveli awevisa da
dawevis gareSe. misi saubari Tanabari, mSvidi da wynari iyo, rac
Zalian Svenoda akakis olimpiur Sesaxedaobas, mis sidinjesa Tu
sidarbaisles.

100
 xma didi ar hqonda, rogorc es mgosnis goliaTur sxeuls
Seefereboda, magram tkbili, sasiamovno da odnav maRali toni
uTuod Svenoda mis saSualo siZlieris tembrs. mgosnis xmadaba-
li sityvebic ki mkafiod da garkveviT ismoda.
yovelmxriv Semkuli iyo Cveni mgosani. mis RvTiur saxes
TiTqos idumali Saravandedi mosavda. erTi sityviT, bednier var-
skvlavze dabadebulio, rom ityvian, swored is iyo...
akakis warmosadegoba da mefuri sidiade bunebrivad iwvevda
xalxis mowiwebasa da Tayvaniscemas.
ar darCenila raWa-leCxumis arc erTi gzajvaredini, rom
Soreuli soflebidan Camosuli xalxiT ar yofiliyo savse. qali
Tu kaci, moxuci Tu axalgazrda – yvela iq iyo; yvelas undoda
misi danaxva, yvela xarobda; mis danaxvaze qudebs maRla isrod-
nen. ai, siyvaruli, ai, namdvili, WeSmariti siyvaruli!...
cnobilia, rom 1908 wels, akakis iubilis dReebSi, quTaisis
axalgazrdobam mgosnis etlidan cxenebi gamouSva da Sig Tavad
Seeba...
Tu ara aseTi siyvaruli, maS, ram aiZula ubralo sofleli
adamianebi, saxl-kari mietovebinaT da bilik-bilik erbinaT tyeeb-
sa da velebze, raTa „foStis gzaze“ mieswroT da sakuTari Tva-
liT exilaT poeti, romlis leqsebi, miuxedavad wera-kiTxvis
ucodinrobisa, bevrma maTganma zepirad icoda.
cxadia, mgosanic didad gaxarebuli iyo.
_ gana SeiZleba Cemi aRtacebis gadmocema? – Tqva man
mogzaurobidan dabrunebis Semdeg, _ an aRwera yvelafer imisa,
rac me vnaxe da ganvicade?... iseTi aRfrTovaneba sufevda yvelgan,
rom Tavi sizmarSi megona...
amitom arc ki gamkvirvebia, rodesac Sqmeridan, bajixevidan,
Rebidan Tu Wioradan Camosul farajian moxucebs vxedavdi.
Cems SekiTxvaze erTma maTganma isic ki miTxra, _ akakis leq-
sebi rogor ar vici? gana man ara Tqva, „gmirebs deeZebs, uyivis
Cemi dafi da naRara“, magram kargad maxsovs, rom „naRaras“
nacvlad „neRera” Tqva... „neRera deeZebso“, – imeruli kiloTi mi-
pasuxa man. etyoba, kiTxva ar icoda da Taviseburi variantiT
warmoTqvamda akakis leqss...
mgosans gansakuTrebiT moswonda raWuli simRerebi, ufro ki,
„maRla mTas modga“, „qriste aRdga“, „TvalJuJuna“ da sxv. romel-
Tac moxucebi didi gatacebiT, mRerodnen ferxulSi, amasTan,
akvirdeboda maT Tavisebur cekvebs, xSirad saubrobda maTTan.
akaki sufris TavSi „RmerTiviT“ ijda da yuradRebiT usmen-
da saubars. Rvinos Zalze Zunwad svamda, TiTqmis arc ki ekarebo-
da, miuxedavad imisa, rom sufras uxvad amSvenebdnen xvanWkaridan
motanili ugemrielesi aleqsandrouliT savse doqebi da verc-
xlis yelsalamura surebi.
maspinZlebs gaegoT, rom akakis arc sxvisgan moswonda Rvi-
nis sma da Troba, miT ufro, gadaWarbebuli, da amitom yvela
frTxilobda, _ TavdaWerilad svamdnen, raTa mgosani ar Seewuxe-
binaT.
roca sityvaSi gamosulebi mis Semoqmedebasa da samSoblos
siyvarulze laparakobdnen, akakis grZnoba ereoda da cremlebs
ver faravda. Tavad ki iSviaTad axsenebda sakuTar leqsebs da
did mokrZalebasac iCenda maTi Sefasebisas.

101
 _ me gmiri ara var, _ Tqva erTxel, roca mas erovnuli gmi-
ri uwodes, _ me mxolod misi winamorbedi gaxlavarT da Rirsi
ar viqnebi „xamli Sevxsna ferxTa misTao“. guliT xarobda, imden
xalxs rom xedavda Tavis garSemo da mis mefur saxes ufro meti
brwyinvaleba emateboda.
sufraze mudam sityvebis korianteli idga, gulwrfeli da
gulidan amosuli, magram Seatyobdnen Tu ara, mgosani Tavad api-
rebs sityvis warmoTqmaso, imwamsve samariseburi siCume Camovar-
deboda xolme... da iwyeboda mgosnis tkbili, amaRelvebeli,
gulsmosaxvedri da momxibvleli saubari.
roca akaki wamoimarTeboda xolme sufris TavSi, gegonebo-
daT, mTa wamomdgarao; raRac Taviseburi iyo, gansakuTrebuli da
gamorCeuli. rac unda zRva xalxSi mdgariyo, mainc TvalSi gece-
modaT misi impozanturi figura da RirsebiT aRsavse saxe.
1913 wels moskovSi adgilobriv mwerlebsa da sazogadoebas-
Tan Sexvedris dros akakis gamoCenisTanave mTeli darbazi fexze
wamodga, xolo uxucesi rusi mwerali boborikini, rogorc
RvTaebas, ise emTxvia xelze.
72 wlis iyo akaki, raWa-leCxumSi rom imogzaura da, Tumca
misi neli siaruli poetis xandazmulobas amJRavnebda, mis Sexed-
vas mainc araferi sjobda. gruza TmiTa da Cawikwikebuli TeTri
kbilebiT bevr axalgazrdas araTu tols daudebda, albaT, ajo-
bebda kidec. danamdvilebiT ambobdnen da mogonebebic adasture-
ben imas, rom, miuxedavad asakisa, mgosani Txilsa da kakals ise
ar SeWamda, Tavad Tu ar gatexda sakuTari kbiliTo...
_ nayofs ra gemo aqvs, Tavad Tu ar daamtvrie naWuWio, _
ityoda Turme sufraze.
Svenoda mgosans kargi sityvac da moxdenili xumrobac, sic-
ilica da Tvalze momdgari cremlic, _ saqarTvelos xsenebis
dros rom gadmocvivdeboda xolme TvalTa kiloebze.
_ akakis bevri gataceba hqonia, magram namdvili siyvaruliT
mxolod misi saTayvanebeli samSoblo uyvarda, _ ambobs ilia
zurabiSvili Tavis mogonebaSi poetis Sesaxeb. _ moskovSi Cemi
studentobis dros araerT saxelovan pirTan, Rirseul adamian-
Tan da sulierad maRal Tu fizikurad Semkul pirovnebasTan
mqonia Sexvedra, romelTa Soris bevri SesaniSnavi garegnobisac
yofila, magram iseTi STambeWdavi Sesaxedaobis, rogorisac Cveni
saxelovani poeti iyo, marTla olimpiuri da zeSTagonebuli, me
aravin maxsovs, aravin Semxvedria.
miuxedavad amisa, didi mgosani iseTi mokrZalebuli, Tav-
mdabali da moridebuli iyo, ise ubralod eWira Tavi da ise
esaubreboda yvelas, gegonebodaT, maTi didi xnis megobari an
axlobeliao.
Tu Cven vaWarbebdiT an vaWarbebT akakis Sefasebis dros,
sxvebic xom ase eTayvanebodnen mas! amisaTvis marto moskovisa
Tu peterburgis SexvedraTa gaxsenebac ikmarebda. Tavi rom dava-
neboT im udides STabeWdilebas, rac man safrangeTSi moaxdina
1909 wels. amas iuwyeba erT-erTi maSindeli Jurnali, me ki amis
Taobaze (18.9.60) gazeT „komunistis“furclebze wavikiTxe.
werilis avtori, pirvel yovlisa, poetis garegnul silama-
zesa da axovanebas aRwers da bolos daaskvnis:

102
 _ „gasuli wlis 20 dekembers saqarTvelom izeima akaki were-
Tlis iubile. es iyo mTeli eris aRtacebul grZnobaTa gamomJRa-
vneba, iseTi, romelsac arc erTi poeti ar Rirsebia, garda, Sesa-
Zloa, viqtor hiugosi. 240 deputatze meti warudga mas, raTa
poetisaTvis gamoexata TanamemamuleTa da msoflio mweralTa si-
yvaruli da pativiscema. qveynierebis yvela kuTxidan mouvida de-
peSebi, Jurnal-gazeTebma Sewyvites sxva masalebis beWdva da mxo-
lod didi poetisadmi miZRvnil masalebs aqveynebdnen. TviT mos-
kovisa da peterburgis presam akaki wereTeli iseTi didebiT Se-
mosa, rasac didi tolstoic ki ar Rirsebia. saxalxo zeimi, _
dasZens gazeTi, _ ramdenime Tves gagrZelda...“
aseTi aRtacebiT werda franguli gazeTi akaki wereTelze
Cveni saukunis dasawyisSi da ase gadmoeca es ambavi istorias...
bednierad vTvli Tavs, rom gangebam ase axlos damakavSira
Cveni eris sasiqadulo SvilTan. videqi mis gverdiT da mesmoda
misi mRelvare sunTqva, romelic sixarulisagan mkerdSi veRar
eteoda.
vismendi akakis mxurvale sityvebs da vxedavdi cremlebs, gu-
lidan rom amoduRdebodnen da wamwamebze usxdebodnen patara
margalitebad...
xolo roca mgosani quTaisSi dabrunda, TiTqos mTeli raWa-
leCxumi erTianad dacarielda, TiTqos erTbaSad davobldiT yve-
lani.
imave wels me da griSam vTargmneT da moskovSi gamoveciT
akakis „baSi-aCuki“ da amasTanave misi portretis daxatvac moviwa-
dineT, romelic mxolod 1917 wels piradad me davasrule. akaki,
natur alur zomaze didi, profilSi davxate da darbazSi mowi-
webiT davkide.
es portreti ara marto maxarebs, aramed warsulis siRrmeeb-
sac minaTebs.
akaki wereTeli marto Semoqmedi ki ara, sulieri moZRvari
da winamZRolic iyo da aseTad darCeba igi momavali Taobebis-
Tvisac.

foTis periodi

moskovis universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg, 1914 wels samSo-

bloSi im dros davbrundi, rodesac pirveli imperialisturi omi
ukve mZvinvarebda.
magram brZolis cecxli uSualod im adgilebs mosdeboda,
sadac ruseT-germaniis jarebi erkineboda erTmaneTs. zurgis mo-
saxleoba ki Zveleburad ganagrZobda cxovrebas da ver grZnobda
mis garSemo atexil saSinelebas.
muSaoba da ojaxuri cxovreba qalaq foTSi mec swored maS-
in momixda. da, miuxedavad imisa, rom mas Semdeg 65 weliwadze me-
tia gasuli, yvelaferi Zveleburad maxsovs. axlac Tvalwin mid-
gas imdroindeli Cemi moRvaweobis dauviwyari suraTebi, Sexved-
rebi sazogadoebis gamoCenil warmomadgenlebTan, rigiT adamiane-
bTan da sxv.

103
 marto imis gaxseneba rad Rirs, rom iseT did savaWro cen-
trSi, rogoric imdroindeli foTi iyo, araviTari kulturuli
gasarTobi ar arsebobda, maT Soris arc Teatri, arc raime klu-
bis msgavsi, arc raime sakrebulo. garTobis erTaderT keras, ro-
gorc ukve aRvniSne, moqalaqe nikolaiSvilis kerZo mozrdili
Senoba, saxelwodebiT „kometa“ warmoadgenda, sadac is xSirad
uCvenebda kinosuraTebs.
„kometas“ iseTi didi darbazi hqonda, rom iq Tavisuflad
SeiZleboda speqtaklebic gamarTuliyo, leqciebic mogvesmina da
sasurvel stumrebsac – xelovani iqneboda is Tu mecnieri – saka-
drisad davxvedrodiT.
ase iyo Tu ise, Teatris uqonloba mainc sagrZnobi iyo. ami-
tomac iseTi scenismoyvareebic, rogorebic iyvnen nuca norakiZe,
stefane xaraziSvili, noe JRenti, emelian nodia da sxvebi, mouT-
menlad elodnen im dRes, rodesac „kometis“ mepatrone mowyale-
bas gaiRebda da ramdenime dRiT Tavis kuTvnil Senobas maT dau-
Tmobda.
gulaxdilad rom vTqvaT, foTis imdroindel mosaxleobas
hqonda imis materialuri SesaZlebloba, rom Teatris asagebad
saWiro Tanxa Seegrovebina, magram ar arsebobda saerTo inicia-
tiva, saqmis siyvaruli da mondomeba miuxedavad imisa, rom xalxi
Teatrebs da amisTana gasarTobebs didad etaneboda.
foTSi 1914 wels Cavedi. es iyo Cemi pirveli Sexvedra am la-
maz zRvispira qalaqTan. manamde ki mas Jurnal-gazeTebidan an wi-
gnebidan vicnobdi, ufro ki mweral giorgi wereTlis romanis –
„pirveli nabijis“ furclebidan, sadac ase SesaniSnavadaa daxa-
tuli imdroindeli qarTveli burJua, misi cxovreba, romanis
calkeuli gmirebi – eremia warba, baxva fulava da sxv. romelTa
Tavgadasavali foTis imdroindeli cxovrebis fonze iSleba.
da ai, foTis sazogadoebisaTvis sruliad ucnobi axalgaz-
rda saurTierTo sazogadoebis, igive saurTierTo bankis Tavmjd-
omared amirCies didi samocianelis, publicistisa da sazogado
moRvawis, qalaqis sabWos Tavmjdomaris niko nikolaZis winadade-
biT. amis gamo, me didi pasuxisgeblobiT movekide saqmes da mTe-
li axalgazrduli energiiT Sevudeqi muSaobas.
magram manamde jer sakiTxis sabolood gasarkvevad sofel
did jixaiSSi niko nikolaZesTan Cavedi. saqme is iyo, rom im pe-
riodSi ojaxs movekide, coli SevirTe da axlobel-naTesavebi
daJinebiT mTxovdnen foTSi wasvlis ganzraxvaze xeli ameRo,
raTa iq raime sens, kerZod, malarias ar gadavyrodi, romelic im
dros ase iyo gavrcelebuli foTSi.
batonma nikom Sematyo uguneboba da arc gakvirvebia, magram
man imdeni ilaparaka am Woris usafuZvlobaze, ise mWevrmetyvelu-
rad, ise damajereblad, rom eWvis burusi maSinve gamifanta da
damiTanxma muSaobis dawyebaze.
aRfrTovanebuli davbrundi Sin – TbilisSi ojaxis wevrebs
yvelaferi vuambe, saqme SevuTanxme da meore dResve foTSi gavem-
gzavre.
aqve minda visargeblo SemTxveviT da oriode sityviT Sevexo
TviT niko nikolaZis pirovnebasac, romelmac ase momxibla da
mamaSviluri daxmarebis xeli gamomiwoda; Sevexo did jixaiSSi
mis samoTxisdar ezo-karmidamos, saxls da sxvasac.

104
 marTlac, originaluri gegmiT iyo aSenebuli xexilis tevr-
Si Cafluli misi veeba saxli, romelic evropul feSenebelur
vilas mogagonebdaT. xexilis garda, mas dekoratiuli xeebiTa da
yvavilnariT daemSvenebina ezo-karmidamo da ise movlili hqonda,
rom ityvian _ av Tvals ar daenaxveboda.
aRfrTovanebuli davrCi, roca aseTi silamaze vnaxe.
batoni niko ZiriTadad aq, am sofelSi cxovrobda da foTSi
iSviaTad Camodioda, mxolod maSin, roca amas qalaqis saWiroeba
moiTxovda.
damSvidobebis win bevri melaparaka Cemi momavali muSaobis
Sesaxeb. damarwmuna, rom bankSi muSaoba seriozuli saqme iyo,
rac gansakuTrebul moTminebas, windaxedulobasa da SorsmWvre-
telobas moiTxovda.
_ mouareT da gaufrTxildiT mis saxes, prestiJs, raTa xal-
xSi da sakredito dawesebulebebSi ndoba ar dakargos, Tu gin-
daT, rom saqme Cinebulad midiodes.
banki da qali erTi da igivea: ndobaa maTi siwmindisa da
urTierTobis warmmarTveli niSani. da Tu maT es ndoba dakarges,
morCa yoveli: samudamod SebRalulia saxeli misi.
foTSi batoni niko koSkSi cxovrobda, romelSic sxva sike-
TesTan erTad, iSviaTi biblioTekac hqonda. am biblioTekas is
TvalisCiniviT uvlida. zepirad icoda, saxlis romel sarTulze,
romel oTaxSi an romel Taroze ra wigni ido, ris wyalobiTac,
maT ZebnaSi amaod ar kargavda dros.
erTxel bankis garSemo raRac sakiTxis gamo masTan, rogorc
qalaqis sabWos TavmjdomaresTan, koSkSi mivedi. SeuZlod iyo,
iwva, Tumca ramdenime inJineri mainc mieRo da saqmianad saubrob-
dnen melioraciis sakiTxebis garSemo. inJinrebs misgan rCeva-da-
rigeba esaWiroebodaT.
am sakiTxis garSemo maspinZels raRac wigni dasWirda da me
mommarTa:
_ batono vladimer, Tu ar damzardebiT, ama da am sarTul-
ze, ama da am oTaxSi, ama da am adgilze da ama da am Taroze ama
da am saxelwodebis wigni iqneba, airbineT da CamomitaneT.
marTlac, avedi Tu ara biblioTekaSi saxlis zemo sarTul-
ze, wigni ise swrafad movnaxe, Zebna arc ki damWirvebia.
diax, iSviaTi pirovneba iyo es didi adamiani _ eris didi
moWirnaxule. araCveulebrivad organizebuli, windaxeduli da
sazriani, erudirebuli, yvela dargSi gamocdili da gamobrZmedi-
li, metadre ki _ ekonomikis sakiTxebSi. qalaqi foTi misi gamoc-
dilebisa da gamWriaxobis wyalobiTaa dagegmili da gaSenebuli.
Tu dRes es qalaqi arqiteqturulad ase lamazad gamoiyureba da
agre rigad xiblavs mnaxvelTa Tvals, es, pirvel yovlisa, misi
damsaxurebaa. tyuilad rodi uwodeben maSindel foTs „niko-
pols“.
urigo ar iqneba, Tu vityviT imasac, rom am adamians Cacma-da-
xurvac lazaTiani da moxdenili uyvarda. rac unda sicxe yofi-
liyo, metwilad ruxi feris pijaks da Jilets icvamda. erTi si-
tyviT, amgvari Cacmulobis wyalobiT ise gamoiyureboda, Tvrame-
ti wlis Wabuki gegonebodaT.
Sav pijaks ufro saparadod xmarobda, Tumca saamisod
grZelkalTiani serTukic hqonda. Tavze mudam Sliapa exura da

105
misalmebisas energiulad moixdida, dabla daswevda da roca Sem-
xvedrs karga manZilze daSordeboda an masTan saubars gaabamda,
mxolod maSin daixuravda xolme.
niko nikolaZe – es namdvili eris Svili da olimpieli,
mSobliur enasaviT flobda frangul da rusul enebs. lapara-
kobda inglisuradac, magram SedarebiT sustad. Jurnal-gazeTe-
bsac Rebulobda londonidan (erT Jurnals amerikidanac), kiTxu-
lobda, Tavis azrs gamoTqvamda wakiTxulis irgvliv, laparaks
ki am enaze erideboda, ris mizezsac axlave mogaxsenebT.
erTxel bankis saqmeebze kvlav vestumre koSkSi. is romeli-
Rac Tavisi sagazeTo werilis beWdviT iyo garTuli patara sab-
eWd manqanaze.
magidaze axlad miRebuli ucxouri da rusul-qarTuli Jur-
nal-gazeTebi ewyo. erT-erTi maTgani niu-iorkidanac mieRo, gada-
eTvalierebina da gadaSlili edo magidaze.
damainteresa am gazeTma. xelSi aviRe da Tvali gadavavle –
teqnikuri xasiaTisa iyo. Tvalierebas rom movrCi, baton nikos
vkiTxe:
_ inglisuradac ise Tavisuflad laparakobT, rogorc fran-
gulad?
_ Tavisuflad ki vkiTxulob, magram laparaki miWirso, _ me-
re mizezic daayola, _ inglisuri ena parizSi Seviswavle, maSin
jer kidev axalgazrda viyavi. parizidan londonSi unda wavsu-
liyavi uaqcento metyvelebis dasaufleblad, Cvevebisa da praqti-
kis misaRebad. eSmakad erTi frangi gogona gavicani, aRar mome-
Sva, Tan mdevda da, ase gasinjeT, londonSiac ki wamomyva. mTeli
dro inglisSi ise davyavi, es gogonac Tan maxlda da roca
parizSi davbrundi, inglisuri enis praqtika gvedze damrCenodao,
_ RimiliT, Tumca sinanuliT moigona es ambavi da daamata: „es
ver momivida kargado“.
masTan roca ar unda mivsuliyavi, mudam saqmiT iyo dakave-
buli, werda, kiTxulobda, aanalizebda wakiTxuls. amis gamo
sul vcdilobdi, bevri dro ar wamerTmia da maleve gamoveT-
xovebodi xolme.
Tavisufal dros araCveulebrivi mosaubre iyo. axlo megob-
roba akavSirebda eqim konstantine miqaberiZis ojaxTan, sadac
xSirad daiareboda.
iq batoni niko gansakuTrebiT enawyliani, sityvamoswrebuli
da laRi gaxldaT, sazogadoebaSi ki – saocrad dinji da Tav-
daWerili.
aqeT-iqiT xSiri siaruli ar sCveoda, Zalze moridebuli
brZandeboda. erTxel quTaiseli daviT niJaraZis binaze mivediT
da bevric visaubreT, magram meored iq misuli aRar minaxavs.
arada, maSin megobar-nacnobTa Soris misvla-mosvla Zalze xSiri
iyo, radganac sxva kulturuli gasarTobi ar arsebobda da
dros metwilad saubrebSi vatarebdiT.
erTxel gavkadnierdi da bavSvis monaTvla vTxove. binaze me-
wvia, rasakvirvelia, bavSvic monaTla da amiT daminaTesavda
kidec.
araferi jobda im dRes mis Sexedvas. RmerTiviT ijda magi-
dasTan – lamazi, axovani, sityvaZunwi da seriozuli. is ufro

106
usmenda, vidre laparakobda. samocdaaT wels gadacilebuli iyo,
magram bevrad axalgazrdulad gamoiyureboda.
yvela mas misCereboda.
„zRva SemoRobao“, – ambobdnen foTSi am adamianze, roca man
gemebis misadgomad zRvis piras grZeli rkinis moajiri gaakeTa.
qalTa sazogadoebaSi metismetad enawyliani da enamoswrebu-
li iyo.
aseTi gaxldaT Cemi vaJis naTlobis dResac.
_ nikolai iakovleviC, _ siciliT mimarTes mandilosnebma, _
rogor axalgazrdulad, Wabukurad gamoiyurebiT... ra aris amis
umTavresi mizezi?
_ es, batonebo, Cemi saidumloebaa, _ siciliTve upasuxa man,
_ momabareT cota xniT Tqveni qmrebi da me maT vaswavli, rogor
SeinarCunon axalgazrdoba da siWabuke Tvisi.
_ gviTxari, gviTxari, batono niko, ra aris magis wamali? _
dainteresden qalebi.
_ rac SeiZleba meti dro ataron qalebSi, _ iyo oqropiris
pasuxi.
Tu rogori miRebuli iyo sazogadoebaSi da rad fasobda
misi sityva da azri, amis Sesaxeb momdevno mogonebaSi mogaxsen-
ebT.
aseTi pirovneba sruliad umniSvnelo saqmis gamo mefis dam-
qaSebma erTxel pasuxisgebaSic misces. procesi quTaisSi mimdina-
reobda. sasamarTlos sxdomis dros fanqriT bloknotSi Canaxat-
ebs vakeTebdi. maT Soris arian „braldebuli“ niko nikolaZe da
veqili kapapCevski. dRes es bloknoti Cems arqivSi inaxeba. ise ar
gadavSli im bloknots, rom sinanuliT an, piriqiT, sixaruliT
ar movigono is wlebi, romlebmac me aseT did pirovnebasTan
Sexvedrebi da urTierToba marguna bedad.
diax, didi pirovneba iyo niko nikolaZe da megobrobac did
adamianebTan akavSirebda. maT Soris aRsaniSnavia CerniSevski, bak-
unini, mixailovski, pleSCeevi, uspenski, gerceni, ogariovi, viqtor
hiugo, pol lafargi, alfons dode, lui blaz, gambeta da sxv.
politikur asparezzec mniSvnelovan pirovnebaTa gverdiT
gamodioda. TanamSromlobda Jurnal „kolokolSi“ da im dros
gamomaval mraval sxva periodul gamocemebSi.
roca aseTi brwyinvale moqalaqe da mamuliSvili gardaic-
vala, sazogadoebam gulwrfelad daitira, imdroindelma presam
Sesaferisi qeba-didebiT aRniSna misi didi damsaxureba eris
winaSe.
analogiuri nekrologi n.nikolaZis gardacvalebis gamo dab-
eWda teqnikurma sazogadoebamac. sabednierod, Cems arqivs Semor-
Ca am nekrologis teqsti. romelic aq momyavs Seumokleblad:
„Pravlenie Texniqeskogo Ob\estva Gruzii ob]%vl%et, qto 1 aprel%
s.g. posle 70-letney neustannoy rabotj skonqals% zaslu[ennjy
ob\estvennjy de%tel>: glavnjy iniciator i uqastnik postroyki
[el.dor.linii Poti-Tiflis, organizator Tkibul>skix kopey i post-
royki Tkibul>skoy [el.dor.vetki, odin iz glavnjx de%teley po Qia-
turskoy margancevoy promjwlennosti i postroyke Qiaturskoy
vetki, iniciator postroyki Tiflisskogo i Bakinskogo vodoprovo-
dov, bli[aywiy uqastnik i rukovoditel> sooru[eni% nefteprovoda
Baku-Batum, bli[aywiy uqastnik i rukovoditel> dela razviti% neft-
e+ksporta i neft%noy promjwlennosti Bakinskogo rayona, sozdatel>
107
i stroitel>, pobornik i de%tel> +lektrofikacii Gruzii i Kavkaza,
krupnjy specialist i iniciativna% sila po mnogim drugim
texniko-+konomiqeskim voprosam Gruzii, Zakavkaz>% i Rossii, po-
qetnjy qlen Texniqeskogo Ob\estva Gruzii, Nikolay $kovleviq
Nikoladze.“
isev foTis Sesaxeb. rogorc iTqva, aq, am qalaqSi, samsaxu-
rebrivi mizniT 1914 wels Cavedi da 1919 wlamde vimsaxure. am
xnis ganmavlobaSi saSualeba mqonda kargad gavcnobodi mas da
Semeswavla Zirfesvianad. umeteswilad mis arqiteqturas, quCebs
da kerZo baRebs, skverebs... xalxs, sazogadoebas vakvirdebodi.
davabijebdi mis quCebSi da uneburad maxsendeboda diuma da
misi „kavkasia“, roca man, am wignis mixedviT, naviT „foTis naxe-
varkunZuls“ miaRwia rionis gziT da iq sxvebTan erTad muxleba-
mde lafSi aRmoCnda. „me TavCaqindruli gavemarTe qalaqisaken,
romelic aTi-TxuTmeti saxlisagan Sedgeboda“, – aRniSnavs am
wignSi sinanuliT.
es, rasakvirvelia, diumas dros iyo, gasuli saukunis Sua
xanebSi, magram Cems dros qalaqi foTi ukve qalaqad iyo
Camoyalibebuli. teritoriiTac sakmaod didi iyo. maRaziebi,
daxuruli bazari, saqalaqo da saxelmwifo dawesebulebebi da
uzarmazri baRi qalaqis centrSi. baRSi idga uZvelesi koSki,
romlis gadakeTebul interierSi bina daedo niko nikolaZes.
qalaqis ganapira ubnebi soflebidan Camosuli portSi momu-
Save ojaxebiT iyo dasaxlebuli da soflebs ufro waagavda. a-
mitomac maT ganier da swor quCebSi bevrgan Zroxa da sxva pir-
utyvic balaxobda.
centrSi iyo moTavsebuli Cveni bankis Senobac – guriis qu-
Cis dasawyisSi, xazinis pirdapir, erTsarTulian mzian SenobaSi.
CemTan erTad bankSi muSaobdnen Zveli da Tavdadebuli muSa-
kebi – Tadeoz keSelava da vano didia, iSviaTi bunebis adamiane-
bi. aqve iyvnen vladimer kaWarava, miSa esakia, farina kobalaZe,
pavle xoWolava da sxvebi. qalaqis sabWos Tavmjdomare, rogorc
iTqva, iyo niko nikolaZe.
xalxSi didi siyvaruliTa da pativiscemiT sargeblobdnen
eqimebi konstantine miqaberiZe, a.xoWolava, s.osiZe, k.Telia, al.m-
divani, lev.zodelava, Jvaniebi da sxvebi. mimaCnia, rom maT Sesaxe-
bac unda vTqva ramdenime sityva, radganac isini Rirsni arian,
STamomavlobam icodes maTi saxelebi.
qalaqis Tavis moadgile iyo SesaniSnavi moqalaqe da umwik-
vlo adamiani g.tyemalaZe.
foTis maSindeli qalaqis transports warmoadgenda „konka“,
romelSic erTi cxeni eba da qalaqis centridan navsadguramde
xidis gavliT midioda. am transports didi jafa ar adga, xalxi
didad ar awuxebda, radganac qalaqSi bevri iyo kerZo faetoni.
mgzavrobis Rirebulebac Zalze iafi iyo _ 20-25 kapiki TiToeul
mgzavrze.
maxsovs, rionis adidebisa Tu raRac stiqiuri movlenis ga-
mo, quCebSi brtyelZiriani navebiTac davdiodiT xolme.
foTSi sacxovreblad kosta Telias ojaxSi davide bina. dia-
saxlisi babo _ jojuas qali, iSviaTi gamrje adamiani, saTno da
keTili _ erT ganier da naTel oTaxSi, romelic kargi avejiT
iyo gawyobili, 10 maneTs maxdevinebda TveSi. oTaxsac es qali

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alagebda, 18 maneTad saWmelsac mimzadebda. meniuSi kargi Rvino
da sacivic Sedioda.
maRaziebi savse iyo sanovagiT. gansakuTrebiT Warbobda Tev-
zeuli, axali daWerili kefali. Tadeoz keSelava ise ar dajde-
boda sufrasTan, zuTxi da Samfurze Semwvari cxeli mwvadi Tu
ar iqneboda blomad.
daqiravebul binaSi didxans ar gagrZelebula Cemi cxovreba,
male iurist evgeni gabunias qvis saxli viyide, romelic svaneTis
quCaze mdebareobda. bina metad moxerxebuli da sacxovreblad
kargi iyo, naTeli, mziani.
veqili gabunia TbilisSi gadasaxlebuliyo, saxli saxelmwi-
fo bankSi daegiravebina da aRar gamoesyida. amitom Zalze iafad
SeviZine, sul raRac samas maneTad.
amrigad, ase gavxdi foTis moqalaqe.
am faqtze erTxel niko nikolaZem miTxra: Sen foTis mkvid-
roba ufro SegSvenis, vidre sadRac migdebul, daqiravebul kuT-
xeSi cxovrebao. Tavad gansaje, aba ras hgavda is bina, es arc Sen
da arc bankis avtoritets ar Sehferoda, TqvenTvis saWiroa uZra-
vi qoneba, anu saxli. TanxiT Cvenc dagexmarebiT, remontsac advi-
lad gaakeTebT da saqme aewyobao.
es asec moxda.
saxli sul male gavaremonteT da, ase gansajeT, Cqara tele-
fonic ki damidges.
amiT isedac sayvareli qalaqi kidev ufro Semiyvarda.
mada WamaSi modiso, da mec, am andazisa ar iyos, xeli miv-
yavi cxovrebisaTvis aucilebeli qonebis SeZenas. rakiRa saxli
vargisi iyo da mtkice saZirkvelzec idga, axla sakuTari etlis
SeZenisaTvisac daviwye zrunva. sul male karg cxenTan erTad
orTvala etlic viyide, cxenis momvlelic SevarCie da cxen-etli
mas Cavabare. mere ki cxen-etlTa Sejibrebanic movawyveT guriis
quCaze da mis gagrZelebaze – malTayvamde. ase verTobodi xolme
samuSaosagan Tavisufal dros da didadac momwonda garTobis es
saxeoba. cxadia, manqana aravis gvqonia.
es iyo 1917 wels.
revoluciurad ganwyobilma jariskacebma miatoves osmale-
Tis fronti da saxlebisaken qnes piri. portSi blomad ireodnen
isini da Tan frontidan wamoRebul nivTebs muqTad yiddnen.
erTxel cxenis sayidlad megobrebma mec wamiyvanes. TviTon-
ac iyides da mec mayidvines kargi iorRa cxeni raRac 500 maneT-
ad. imave „talkuCkaze“ viyide, agreTve, patara kvici, romelic so-
flad Cems aTi wlis Zmas uCas gavugzavne. blomad SeviZine agre-
Tve erbo, radganac jariskacebi mudariTa Tu TiTqmis ZaliT
gvaCeCebdnen yvelafers, rakiRa gasayidi bevri iyo, myidveli ki
cota.
_ waiReT, waiReT iafad, xeli dagvicaleTo, _ gvemudarebo-
dnen isini.
Cveni qalaqis maSindeli inteligenciis warmomadgenlebs ke-
Tili urTierToba hqondaT erTmaneTSi. magram erTxel mainc mox-
da gaugebroba, kerZod, foTis gimnaziis kursdamTavrebul mixe-
il sabaxtaraSvilsa da gimnaziis direqtors Soris.
Cxubi da dava sul ubralo rameze daiwyo:

109
 vaJTa gimnaziis direqtorma iagulovma, romelic am saswav-
leblis didi moamage da mzrunveli iyo, erTxel qalaqis sabWo-
dan TavisTan migviwvia, rogorc qalaqis warmomadgenelTa komit-
eti. erT dRes dagviZaxa kidec sxdomaze, sadac pedagogiuri sab-
Wos wevri maswavleblebic gveswrebodnen. am komitetSi TxuTme-
tiode kaci SevdiodiT. roca Tavmjdomarisa da mdivnis arCevaze
midga saqme, direqtorma saTiTaod mogvmarTa TxovniT – erT-erT
Cvengans mdivnis movaleoba etvirTa, magram „mouclelobis mizez-
iT“ yvelam iuara.
Sewuxda direqtori da rakiRa darwmunda, rom Txovna ar ga-
udioda, naRvlianad warmoTqva: Gospoda, v konce koncov pridets%
obratit>s% s pros>boy k Mixailu Aleksandroviqu, _ da mzera mixe-
il sabaxtaraSvilze gadaitana.
_ rogor Tu v konce koncov, _ zeze wamoiWra aRSfoTebuli
mixeili. _ maS, me ukanaskneli vyofilvar aq? ha?!
iagulovs qaRaldis feri daedo. Zalian Sewuxda... Cven ki mi-
xeils vawynarebdiT da bodiSs vuxdidiT direqtoris magier. mag-
ram araferma gaWra – gagulisebulma darbazi datova da wavida.
gvegona, amiT damTavrdeboda yvelaferi, magram es ase ar mo-
xda. mixeil sabaxtaraSvilma „Seuracxmyofels“ sasamarTloSi
uCivla.
momCivanma aRniSnuli gimnazia ramdenime wlis win daamTavra
da, rogorc ambobdnen, iagulovTan adrec ver yofila karg damo-
kidebulebaSi. swored amitom ifiqra, direqtorma Zveli SuRli
gaixsena da damcinao.
mosamarTled foTSi metad patiosani da umwikvlo adamiani
ugrenoviCi iyo. saqme mas unda gaerCia. mixeil sabaxtaraSvilic
iuristi, daxelovnebuli veqili gaxldaT da wesiT, ar unda
dasWirveboda advokati, magram mTels guberniaSi aRiarebuli
quTaiseli nafici veqili meqi faRava mainc Camoiyvana.
yvela gaakvirva mixeilis amgvarma saqcielma: ra saWiro iyo
aseTi patara saqmisaTvis amxela kacis Sewuxebao, _ ambobdnen.
sasamarTlom xalxis naxevaric ver daitia. yvelas aintere-
sebda am saqmis arsi da, rac mTavaria, saxelganTqmuli iuristis
meqi faRavas gamosvla. magram moxda ise, rom sxdoma didxans ar
gagrZelebula da sul male Sewyda.
saqme is iyo, rom meqi faRava sasamarTloze Zalian mkvaxed
gamovida, rac, rasakvirvelia, mosamarTles ar moewona. man SeniS-
vna misca advokats da Tanac gaafrTxila. es sagubernio qalaqi-
dan Camosulma stumarma iukadrisa da sityva Seubruna, gagulise-
bulma mosamarTlem mas darbazi daatovebina. darbazidan gaZeve-
buli veqili procesze aRar dabrunebula, Tumca mere bevri eZe-
bes, magram amaod...
rogor damTavrda es saqme, ar maxsovs, magram mixeil sabax-
taraSvili, mgoni, male darwmunda Tavis uniadago gaficxebaSi
da mianeba Tavi.
miuxedavad imisa, rom Teatris Senoba ar gvqonda, foTSi
kulturuli cxovreba, ase Tu ise, Tavisi gziT midioda. erTxans
me iq dramatuli sazogadoebis Tavmjdomarec viyavi da xangamo-
SvebiT warmodgenebsac vdgamdiT imave „kometas“ darbazSi.
erTxel meuRlesTan erTad avqsenti megreliZemac miiRo mo-
nawileoba erT-erT speqtaklSi da – misive iniciativiT, sufsaSic

110
CavediT am warmodgenis saCveneblad. movawyveT didi akakis xsov-
nis saRamo da misive „patara kaxic“ davdgiT; dramatuli sazo-
gadoebis saxeliT daveswariT valerian gunias iubiles Tbilis-
Si da saTanado misalmebiTac gamovediT; daveswariT agreTve
akaki wereTlisa da ir.evdoSvilis dakrZalvebs.
Semdeg Jurnalistur moRvaweobasac movkideT xeli: gamovuS-
viT gazeTi – yovelkvireuli organo „amxanagi“. gamovida gazeTis
mxolod xuTi nomeri, romelic dRes bibliografiuli iSviaTo-
baa. Tu ar vcdebi, wesiT misi calebi unda moiZebnebodes sajaro
da universitetis biblioTekebSi, agreTve, TviTon foTSi. maxs-
ovs, ioseb griSaSvilsac gamovugzavneT misive werilobiTi Txov-
niT da mikvirs, rom mis biblioTekaSi es nomeri ar aRmoCnda.
griSaSvilis es werili dResac inaxeba Cems ojaxur arqivSi. mec
mqonda am gazeTis nomrebi, magram cnobismoyvareTa xelidan xel-
Si ,,brunvis” dros, samwuxarod, daikarga.
siamayiT unda iTqvas, rom foTeli inteligenciisaTvis Jur-
nal-gazeTebis jixuri imdenad sayvareli da aucilebeli ram ga-
xldaT, rom umisod erTi dRec ar SegveZlo gaZleba. dauviwyaria
jixurSi momuSave vaso qadeiSvilisa da simon oragveliZis
saxelebi. qarTuli wignis am didi motrfialeebis mecadineobiT
jixurebSi mudam ewyo mravali dasaxelebis wigni, Jurnal-gaze-
Tebi, sxva saxis perioduli gamocemebi, rasac Cven xarbad
vetanebodiT.
qalaqis centrSi erT-erT mTavar quCaze, bulvaris pirze mo-
Tavsebuli jixuri iyo Cveni klubic da gasarTobic.
mis pirdapir, guriis quCis kuTxeSi mdebare restorani „make-
donia“ ki – imaTTvis, visac uyvarda nardi, yava da sxva amgvari
gasarTobi. isini isxdnen restornis ganier darbazSi an res-
tornis gareT pirdapir trotuarze da TamaSobdnen nards, svam-
dnen yavas. ufro ki oxunjobiT da enamoswrebulobiT irTobdnen
Tavs.
diax, CemTvis sayvareli qalaqi iyo foTi, iqauri megobrebi,
Cemi saxli da kari. verasodes vifiqrebdi, Tu aqedan odesme samu-
Saod sxvagan gadavidodi. magram im droisaTvis wamoWrilma lo-
zungma _ „Tbilisisaken qarTvelebi!“ – mec macduna da qarTlis
gulisaken maqnevina piri.
a.iagulovis Semdeg foTis vaJTa gimnaziis direqtorad miiw-
vies maSin sruliad axalgazrda pedagogi sergi danelia – erT
dros Tbilisis universitetis profesori, Cemi megobari moskovis
universitetidan. mas kargad axsovda Cemi enTuziazmi da dauzare-
li saqmianoba studentur literaturul wreebSi da amitom gim-
naziaSi qarTuli ena-literaturis maswavlebloba SemomTavaza.
arasodes damaviwydeba gimnazielTa didi sixaruli da aRtaceba
qarTuli literaturis kursis SemoRebasTan dakavSirebiT, rac
didi movlena iyo ara mxolod foTeli sazogadoebis cxovre-
baSi...
foTis gimnazia is didi saswavlo kera iyo, romelmac araer-
Ti gamoCenili moRvawe aRuzarda samSoblos, maT Soris minda
davasaxelo: akademikosebi nikoloz anTelava, Salva amiranaSvi-
li, egnate fifia, aleqsandre baramiZe, profesorebi – iase cin-
caZe, vladimer zambaxiZe, vladimer comaia, saxalxo mxatvari ap-
olon quTaTelaZe – sxvani da sxvani. maTi saxelebiT mudam

111
iamayebs Cveni qveyana. da mec uzomod kmayofili var, rom moRva-
weoba momixda im ubrwyinvales saswavlo dawesebulebaSi, ro-
mlis daarsebis erT-erTi iniciatori naTliT mosili niko ni-
kolaZe gaxldaT.

TaTbirze mefisnacvalTan

erTxel CemTan niko nikolaZis msaxuri movida da gadmomca

misi Txovna, erTi metad aucilebeli da mniSvnelovani saqmis ga-
mo masTan mivsuliyavi. aRniSnul saqmeze Tbilisidan sagangebod
Camosuliyo spiridon kedia. me mivatove Cemi saqmeebi da koSkSi
wavedi. es iyo 1916 wlis damdegi. kabinetSi nikosTan erTad spi-
ridon kediac damxvda, romelsac manamdec kargad vicnobdi.
_ batono vladimer, Tbilisidan metad mniSvnelovani sazoga-
doebrivi saqmis gamo batoni spiridonia Camosuli, _ misvlisTa-
nave mommarTa batonma nikom, _ da rac Cvenzea damokidebuli,
aucileblad unda gavakeToT.
Turme saqme SemdegSi iyo: mefisnacvals kavkasiaSi erobis
SemoReba gadauwyvetia da im daskvnamde misula, rom es sakiTxi
TviT adgilobriv warmomadgenlebs unda gadaewyvitaT.
TaTbirze miwveulni iyvnen gubernatorebi, TavadaznaurTa
winamZRolebi da marSlebi, sasuliero wodebaTa umaRlesi war-
momadgenlebi, qalaqis warCinebulni, sabirJo komitetis Tavmjdo-
mareebi, vaWarTa da mrewvelTa msgavsi SenaerTebis xelmZRvanele-
bi, sazogadoebaTa deputatebi.
saWiro iyo TaTbirze umetesad qarTvelTa mowveva. amas Cveni
meTaurebic cdilobdnen.
vinaidan qalaqis Tavebis siaSi maTi foTeli kolega ar mo-
xvedriliyo, TaTbirze erTi xma gvakldeboda. saWiro gaxda ra-
Rac formis gamonaxva da magieri deputatis moyvana.
spiridon kediac am mizeziT iyo foTSi Camosuli. batonma
nikom gonebis TvaliT gadaxeda foTis sazogadoebriv cxovrebas
da iq e.w. sabirJo komiteti gamoarCia. komitets formalurad
didi uflebebi eniWeboda, radgan erTad aerTianebda adgilobriv
vaWrobasa da mrewvelobas. es ki uTuod mniSvnelovani Zala iyo.
aseTi komitetebi ufro did qalaqebSi _ TbilisSi, baTumSi,
novorosiiskSi moqmedebdnen da Rirseul saqmeebsac akeTebdnen.
niko nikolaZis iniciativiT, foTSic daarsda msgavsi komiteti,
romlis Tavmjdomareebad mudam kargi saxelis mqone mrewvelebs
irCevdnen. 1914 wels, roca me foTis adgilobrivi bankis Tavm-
jdomared daviwye muSaoba, batoni niko gamendo, rom male Catar-
deboda foTis sabirJo komitetis wevrTa saerTo kreba, romlis
Tavmjdomaredac Cemi arCeva gadaewyvita. Tan gamafrTxila, rom
saTanadod movmzadebuliyavi, raTa yrilobis dros, komitetis
muSaobasTan dakavSirebiT, saqmis arsSi safuZvlianad gavrkveu-
liyavi.
raRa bevri gavagrZelo _ Catarda yriloba da komitetis Ta-
vmjdomaredac amirCies.
sabirJo komitetis baza imave saurTierTo ndobis bankis bi-
naSive movawyve da gamogzavnili werilebi sul iq modioda. mag-
ram sabirJo komitetSi dasamuSavebeli sakiTxebi aTasSi erTxel
112
Tu gamoCndeboda. gamgeobis komitetis wevrebad ufro foTis
msxvili vaWrebi da mrewvelebi iTvlebodnen, romlebic sabirJo
sazogadoebis wevrTa mier iyvnen arCeulni.
me araerTxel mimimarTavs baton nikosaTvis imis Taobaze,
rom sabirJo komitetis funqciebi xSirad bankis zogierT funqci-
ebs emTxveoda, es ki zedmetad meCveneboda. maSin batoni niko gak-
virvebuli metyoda xolme: _ ras giSlis, batono, bankic iyos da
isic. mas didi uflebebi aqvs Cvens „JamTa siaveSi“ da dagvWir-
deba misi gamoyenebac.
marTlac, Tu sadme sazogadoebis warmomadgenloba iyo saWi-
ro, qalaqis Tavis mere sabirJo komitetis Tavmjdomares pirvel
rigSi mouwodebdnen xolme. es saSualebas maZlevda iseT dawese-
bulebaTa TaTbirebSi mimeRo monawileoba, romlebic sxva dros
miuwvdomeli iqneboda CemTvis.
batonma nikom damavala depeSis teqstis Sedgena mefis nacv-
lis kancelariis direqtoris saxelze da unda meTxova Cemi
TaTbirze gamoZaxeba.
depeSis SedgenaSi TviTonac damexmara. Cems sabuTebSi axlac
inaxeba bloknoti Cveni erToblivad Sedgenili teqstiT, romlis
didi nawili batoni nikos xeliTaa dawerili.
meore dResve movida dadebiTi pasuxi. me TaTbirze miwvevd-
nen. aman didi kmayofileba gamoiwvia Cvens sazogadoebaSi. quTai-
sis gazeTmac ki saWirod miiCnia am ambebis qronikaSi dabeWdva.
TbilisSi Casulma Zlivs viSove sastumro. davbinavdi rusTa-
velis (maSindeli golovinis) gamzirze axlandeli kulturis
saministros SenobaSi. sastumros, mgoni, „pale roiali“ erqva;
igi viRac sxirtlaZes ekuTvnoda. raki mesame welia omi mimdina-
reobda da ekonomikac sakmaod „SenjRreuli“ iyo, nomerSi 4
maneTs Tu metsac maxdevinebdnen; es maSin did Tanxad iTvleboda.
meore dRes sagangebod Cavicvi „vizitka“ da sasaxleSi (SemdegSi
pionerTa sasaxle) wavedi. SenobasTan misuls SemefeTnen soxumis
qalaqis Tavi niko TavdgiriZe da WiaTuris marganecis mrewvelTa
sabWos Tavmjdomaris moadgile, cnobili literatori da kriti-
kosi kita abaSiZe. didad mesiamovna maTi danaxva. mivxvdi, rom de-
putatebad iqnebodnen TaTbirze. magram maTac aranakleb gaexar-
daT Cemi naxva.
_ jer adrea, zustad 11 saaTisaTvis unda movideT, _ gamafr-
Txiles maT, _ am „vizitkiT“ ar moxvide, Torem ar SegiSveben;
saWiroa fraki an serTuki mainc.
gafrTxilebisaTvis madlobeli davrCi. maSinve ukan gamovbr-
undi Sesaferisi tansacmlis saSovnelad. Sorsac ar damWirvebia
wasvla: iqve qaSueTis eklesiis pirdapir mza tansacmlis maRazia
iyo. Sevedi maRaziaSi da viqirave SesaniSnavi serTuki.
sasaxleSi SemsvlelTaTvis e.w. CrdiloeTis kari iyo gaTva-
liswinebuli; meore, e.w. samxreTis karTan mudam guSagi idga,
radgan aRniSnuli Sesasvleli mefisnacvlis, misi ojaxis wevre-
bisa da stumrebisaTvis iyo gamiznuli.
daniSnul dros deputatTa jgufi didi darbazis win sasax-
lis marmarilos ganier kibeebze gamoCnda. meore sarTulze, meu-
RliTurT, xmliT damSvenebuli mefisnacvali nikoloz nikolo-
zis Ze idga. Cven saTiTaod mivyvebodiT erTimeores. maspinZlebi
xels gvarTmevdnen da im darbazSi gviwvevdnen, romelsac Semd-

113
gom menSevikuri xelisuflebis dros parlamentis sxdomaTaTvis
iyenebdnen.
im diliT, anu 1916 wlis 26 aprils, sxdoma ar Semdgara, mxo-
lod sauzmeze migviwvies. sxdomis darbazSi TaTbiris 150 wev-
risaTvis sufra iyo gawyobili. yvelani dabeWdili siebis
mixedviT visxediT. siebi TefSebze elaga.
me kita abaSiZesa da parTen goTuas Soris movxvdi. orTaves
kargad vicnobdi da amitom sufris damTavrebamde ar Segviwyve-
tia tkbili maslaaTi.
sufris TavSi mefisnacvali da misi TanaSemwe Tavadi orlo-
vi isxdnen; Semdeg senatorebi, gubernatorebi, Tavad-aznaurTa wi-
namZRolebi, didi sasuliero pirni, maT Soris – kalistrate cin-
caZe (SemdegSi sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqi), some-
xTa da musulmanTa meTaurni, kooperaciis, vaWroba-mrewvelobisa
da kulturul-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa xelmZRvanelebi.
foTis qalaqis Tavi niko nikolaZe TaTbirze mowveuli ar
yofila; mis movaleobas im dros iuristi galaqtion tyemalaZe
asrulebda.
minda aq moviyvano im zemoxsenebuli depeSis teqsti, romel-
ic baton nikos karnaxiT davwere da TbilisSi gavagzavne:
Tiflis. V Kancel%rih Namestnika EIV na Kavkaze. Po pronik-
wim v peqat> svedeni%m na sove\anie po vvedenih zemstva na Kav-
kaze, otkrjvaemoe 26 aprel% pod predsedatel>stvom Ego Imperators-
kogo Vjsoqestva Namestnika Kavkazskogo, priglawenj predstaviteli
Zakavkazskix Bir[evjx komitetov krome Potiyskogo. Me[du tem
rayon poslednego zainteresovan v rewenii +togo voprosa i ne imeet
na sove\anii nikakogo golosa; tak kak ne priglawen na sove\anie i
i.d. Potiyskogo Gorodskogo Golovj. Po+tomu Potiyskiy Bir[evoy
Komitet imeet qest> pokorneywe prosit> Kancel%rih, isxodotayst-
vovat> blagosklonnoe razrewenie EIV Namestnika Kavkazskogo na
vjzov v sove\anie predstavitel% Potiyskogo Bir[evogo Komiteta.
Predsedatel> D[aparidze, Sekretar> Kaqarava.
rodesac stumrebi TavTavianT adgilebze dasxdnen, mefisnac-
valma, romelic Txeli, kargi aRnagobisa da vaJkacuri Sesaxedao-
bis WaRara mamakaci iyo, damswreT winadadebiT mimarTa – gag-
vegzavna misasalmebeli depeSa „misi imperatorobiTi udidebule-
sobisaTvis“.
minda moviyvano is sityvebi maSindeli oficialuri eniT, ra-
Ta ukeT warmovidginoT erTgvarad Savrazmuli suraTi. mogexse-
nebaT, rom yovel Sinaarss Tavisi formac aqvs:
Predstaviteli vsex narodnostey Zakavkazi%... _ pros%t pover-
gnut> k stopam Vawego Imperatorskogo Veliqestva vooduwevl%h\ie
ix iskrenneywie quvstva vernopoddanniqeskoy predannosti i lhb-
vi, da sxva aseTebi.
... Slova telegrammj i req> Avgusteywego predstavitel% Sove\a-
ni% bjli pokrjtj vostor[ennjm ura vsex uqastnikov Sove\ani%...
da ase, amisTana brtyel-brtyeli sityvebi, magram me danamd-
vilebiT vityodi, rom „daleko ne vsex“; – „uras“ mxolod „Cinovni-
kebi“ iZaxdnen da isic ufro didi Tanamdebobis mqoneni: guberna-
torebi, generlebi, mefisnacvlis sabWos wevrebi da sxvadasxva
tituliani „sovetnikebi“. sazogadoebaTa warmomadgenlebi ki Tav-
Sekavebulad isxdnen da am aRtyinebaSi, rasakvirvelia, monawile-
obas ar iRebdnen, Tumca arc TavianT suliskveTebas amJRavneb-

114
dnen da, miT umetes, demonstraciul xasiaTs ver miscemdnen mas.
es uazroba iqneboda.
rogorc ki oficialuri „Rreoba“ gaTavda, TaTbiris monawi-
leni sasaxlis baRSi migviwvies, romelic, cxadia, daculi iyo
da, mefisnacvlis sabWos wevrTa garda, ucxo veravin Sevidoda. iq
Tavisi didi fotoaparatiT dagvxvda cnobili Tbiliseli fotog-
rafi kozaki da mefisnacvalTan erTad TaTbiris monawileTa sa-
erTo suraTi gadaiRo. es suraTi 1922 wels movspe, radgan meSi-
noda, aseT sazogadoebaSi aravis venaxe.
saRamo xans gaixsna TaTbiris pirveli plenaruli sxdoma,
sadac mefisnacvalma, anu im dRes igive Tavmjdomarem, warmoTqva
dRis Sesaferisi sityva. mas oficialuri sityvebiT upasuxes Tbi-
lisis guberniis TavadaznaurTa winamZRolma Tavadma kote afxa-
zma da Tbilisis qalaqis Tavma a.i.xatisovma.
sakiTxTa gansaxilvelad airCies 4 seqcia TavianTi Tavmjdo-
mareebiTa da mdivnebiT.
pirvel seqcias Tavmjdomareobda kote afxazi; mdivnobdnen
baTumis sabirJo komitetis Tavmjdomare, budu mdivnis Zma –
simon mdivani da iason afaqiZe.
meore seqcias Tavmjdomareobda quTaisis guberniis Tavadaz-
naurTa winamZRoli Tavadi niJaraZe da baqoeli TofCibaSevi, xo-
lo samdivno saqmeebs vawarmoebdiT me da Cemi skolis amxanagi
quTaisis realuri saswavleblidan aleqsandre asaTiani, agreTve,
vasil rcxilaZe.
me TiTqmis yvelaze axalgazrda viyavi TaTbiris monawileTa
Soris. mefis reJimisaTvis es bolo TaTbiri gaxldaT da amito-
mac ase dawvrilebiT vigoneb yovelives, sakuTari TvaliT nanaxs.
TaTbirze qarTvel Tavad-aznaurTa warmomadgenlebs Rirseu-
lad eWiraT Tavi. gansakuTrebiT gamoirCeoda Tbilisis guberni-
is, anu igive aRmosavleT saqarTvelos, Tavad-aznaurTa winamZRo-
li kote afxazi. is Tavdadebuli, farTo ganaTlebis, keTilSobi-
li adamiani da mSobliuri qveynis erTi burjTagani da didi
sazogado moRvawe iyo. mis gamosvlebs TaTbirze yvela udidesi
yuradRebiT usmenda.
didebuli garegnobiT gamoirCeoda agreTve daviT niJaraZec.
ecva qarTuli Coxa da zed polkovnikis samxreebi ekeTa. warmosa-
degi da rixiani vaJkaci iyo, cota amayi. qalaqSi fexiT mosiaru-
le aravis unaxavs, mudam etliT dagrialebda. mamulebi, marTa-
lia, Semoxarjvoda, magram guls mainc ar itexda.
erTxel, quTaisSi, me da batoni niko Tavad-aznaurTa deputa-
tebis sakrebuloSi movxvdiT. daviT niJaraZem ocdaaTamde kaci
migviwvia Tavis saxlSi, geguTis quCaze. me gamakvirva ara SesaniS-
navma saxlma da baRma, aramed mdidrulma sufram da TeTr
xelTaTmanebSi gamowyobil fareSTa momsaxurebam.
roca daviTi faetoniT eklesiaSi Cagrialdeboda xolme,
mTeli iq myofni locavdnen im ers, romelsac SeeZlo, amdeni
tanjvis Semdeg, kidev warmoeSva aseTi vaJkaci.
vsargeblob SemTxveviT da minda dagisaxeloT is wigni, rom-
elic im wels dabeWda mefisnacvlis kancelariam: „Materialj po
voprosu o vvedenii zemskix uqre[deniy v Zakavkaz>e. Trudj Krae-
vogo sove\ani% 26 aprel% 1916 g. T.1, qast> perva%. {urnalj plenar-
njx i sekcionnjx zasedaniy. Tiflis, 1916 g.“

115
 zemoT dasaxelebul pirTa garda, TaTbirze iyvnen: marSali
d.ColoyaSvili, warmosadegi garegnobiT cnobili oTar dadeSqe-
liani, giorgi da konstantine TumaniSvilebi, gurieli, kowia er-
isTavi, petre wulukiZe da elisabed wereTlis vaJi petia wereTe-
li. yvela eseni TavianTi mazrebis Tavad-aznaurTa marSlebi iy-
vnen; parTen goTua cnobili sazogado moRvawe gaxldaT; giorgi
lasxiSvili – social-federalistTa lideri da gazeT „cnobis
furclis“ redaqtori; iliko Ciqovani – quTaisis qalaqis Tavi;
evgeni krinicki (daraxveliZe) – baTumis qalaqis Tavi; giorgi Ju-
ruli – SemdegSi finansTa ministri saqarTvelos demokratiul
mTavrobaSi; filipe gogiCaiSvili – SemdegSi profesori; solo-
mon miqelaZe – veqili da quTaiseli sazogado moRvawe; Cemi mego-
bari moskovidan, agronomi da qarTveli patrioti – giorgi gamxa-
raSvili, saingiloze dawerili wignis avtori; cnobili litera-
tori iona meunargia; cnobili kooperatori kowia kandelaki, vas-
il rcxilaZe, spiridon virsalaZe da sxvani.
amaTgan zogs manamde vicnobdi, zogic TaTbiris msvleloba-
Si gavicani. iqve gavicani Cveni mowinaaRmdegeni, magram TavianTi
qveynebis patriotebi: Tbilisis qalaqis Tavi al.iv.xatisovi, isak
markis Ze doluxanovi, baqoeli qristefore vermiSevi, ali maha-
dan beg TofCibaSevi, xan xoiski da kidev mravali sxva. or maT-
gans, quTaisis gubernator guloviCsa da baqos gubernator po-
tulovs, adrec vicnobdi. vicnobdi agreTve zemoxsenebuli oTar
dadeSqelianis Zmas – jansuR (giorgi) Tengizis Zesac, romelic
im dros daRestnis gubernatori iyo _ ulamazesi qeraTmiani vaJ-
kaci, axovani, keTilSobili da metad Tavaziani. me is jer kidev
bavSvobidan maxsovda, roca igi raWis mazris ufrosad muSaobda.
maSin axalgazrda gaxldaT, axla ki gadaRlili momeCvena, magram
es gasakviri arc iyo, radgan im avadsaxsenebel imperialistur
omSi man ori vaJkacis dakargviT gamowveuli ubedureba iwvnia.
TaTbiris muSaoba ufro seqciebSi mimdinareobda. unda gena-
xaT, rogor cxarobdnen kamaTSi gamosuli oratorebi, roca isini
erobis ama Tu im formebis SemoRebaze davobdnen. qarTvelTagan
yvelaze ufro cxared da ufro xSiradac soxumis qalaqis Tavi
niko TavdgiriZe gamodioda. aseve, mxned da vaJkacurad icavdnen
TavianT poziciebs giorgi lasxiSvili, parTen goTua, quTaisis
qalaqis Tavi iliko Ciqovani, eqimi spiridon virsalaZe, oqropi-
rad wodebuli kita abaSiZe, iason afaqiZe, giorgi Juruli, mixe-
il maCabeli, gazeT „zakavkazies“ redaqtori konstantine Tumani-
Svili, Tbilisis mazris marSali dimitri ColoyaSvili, agrono-
mi yazaxaSvili, ingilo giorgi gamxaraSvili da sxvebi; ufro iS-
viaTad gamodiodnen: cnobili literatori iona meunargia, baTu-
mis qalaqis Tavi evgeni krinicki, igive daraxveliZe; agreTve kon-
stantine kandelaki, veqili ivane zurabiSvili. es ukanaskneli me-
tad warmosadegi vaJkaci gaxldaT, mgoni, niko nikolaZis siZe
iyo.
danarCenebi kamaTSi ar gamosulan, mxolod kenWisyraSi mona-
wileobdnen. kote afxazi ki Cveulebriv gamodioda xolme Tavisi
dinji da saqmiani sityviT da bolos uRebda ama Tu im sadavo
sakiTxs.
brZolaSi aqtiurobda daviT niJaraZec, Tumca oratorobiT
maincadamainc ar gamoirCeoda. igi mxolod erTxel gamovida Tav-

116
ad-aznaurTa saxeliT. Cvenebis poziciebi ekavaT ganjel da baqo-
el musulmanebs, romelTa TvalsaCino warmomadgenlebic iyvnen
fatali xan xoiski da ali mahamad beg TofCibaSevi.
somexTa mxriv pirvelebi iyvnen cnobili Tbiliseli veqili
isak markis Ze doluxanovi da Tbilisis qalaqis Tavi xatisovi.
orTave TavianTi oratorobiT iqcevdnen damswreTa yuradRebas.
seqciebSi xSirad Semodioda xolme ama Tu im sakiTxebTan
dakavSirebuli winadadebebi. erTxel mec movawere xeli kote af-
xazis, general giorgi yazbegis, kita abaSiZis, solomon miqela-
Zis, filipe gogiCaiSvilis, vasil demidovisa da sxvaTa xelmowe-
rebis gverdiT. es iyo sabuTi, romelSiac aRZruli iyo zaqaTa-
lis (saingilo) olqebSi saerobo dawesebulebaTa sakiTxebi.
giorgi gamxaraSvilma winadadeba wamoayena, raTa Tbilisis
guberniis saerobo erTeulSi SeetanaT saingilo, rogorc samaz-
ro erTeuli. es imiT iyo gamowveuli, rom zogierTi maTgani
mxars uWerda saingilos calke erTeulad gamoyofas da, amgva-
rad, mis saqarTvelosagan mowyvetas.
somexTa mxriv yuradRebas iqcevda Sua xnis inteligenti, gan-
aTlebuli sazogado moRvawe, erT dros Tbilisis Tavi, baqoeli
qristefore vermiSevi.
me pirvelad mixdeboda aseT did sazogadoebaSi yofna; amit-
om vcdilobdi, yvelaferi aRmebeWda gonebaSi da uyuradRebod
araferi damrCenoda. gansakuTrebiT didi iyo TaTbiris monawile-
Ta swrafva erovnuli saqmeebis mosagvareblad.
didad vwuxdi, rom aseT dros iq ar imyofeboda niko niko-
laZec, es „Cveni didi falavani“ – ilias sityvebiT rom davaxasi-
aTo, „mZime artileriiT“ SeWurvili adamiani, romelic sabolood
anadgurebda Tavis mowinaRmdeges.
niko imxanad mefis mTavrobis mier pasuxisgebaSi iyo micemu-
li da oficialurad qalaqis Tavic aRar iyo; is mxolod faqti-
urad xelmZRvanelobda foTis qalaqis saqmes, formalurad ki
mis movaleobas misi moadgile galaqtion tyemalaZe asrulebda.
rom ara aseTi mdgomareoba, is uTuod daeswreboda am TaTbirs
da Tavisi didi avtoritetiT bevr karg saqmes gaakeTebda.
foTSi dabrunebulma yvelaferi dawvrilebiT vuambe baton
nikos. rodesac Cveni deputatebis gamosvlebze vuyvebodi, mas
Tvalebi ubrwyinavda, moswonda maTi erovnuli pozicia, magram
aranaklebi qebiT ixseniebda maT mowinaaRmdegeebs: xatisovs, do-
luxanovs, vermiSevs, rogorc TavianTi eris erTgul guSagebs: _
batono, Wkvianebi arian, Tavisi xalxisaTvis muSaoben, moqmedeben,
Tavs ar izogaven, momavals emsaxurebian; erTi sityviT, sazogado
moRvaweebi arian. didi Tu patara, Tavisi qveynis patriotebi ari-
an. Cvenc rom ase vibrZodeT, vin gagvtexda, vin gvajobebda ukeTe-
si momavlis aSenebaSi? Cveni xalxi niWieria, magram niWs swori
gza unda, swori mimarTuleba; ai, maSin Sedegic sasurveli iqne-
ba! Torem ras hgavs es: erTi alTas miiwevs, meore – balTas! Cven
gaerTianeba gvWirdeba, erTi xelmZRvaneli gvinda. vnaxoT, egeba
es eroba mainc mogveSvelos! Tuki misi SemoReba dascaldaT!...
magram arc ise kargadaa awyobili Cveni politikuri cxovreba,
rogorc gvarwmuneben xolme.
magidaze qarTul da rusul Jurnal-gazeTebTan erTad, saf-
rangeTidan, inglisidan da amerikidan miRebuli Jurnal-gazeTe-

117
bic ewyo. rogorc didi adamiani, niko ver eteoda viwro CarCoeb-
Si da mas mTeli msoflios kulturuli ambebi ainteresebda.
_ vnaxoT, rogor damTavrdeba es didi Sexla! sinaTles ma-
inc mohfens Cvens cxovrebas!... vnaxoT, vnaxoT!... momavali gviCvene-
bs. is arc ise Sorsaa, rogorc zogierTs hgonia! – ambobda bato-
ni niko darwmunebiT.
hoda, kidev ufro sarwmuno da STambeWdavi xdeboda am didi
moazrovnis naTqvami. mokrZalebiT vusmendi mis saubars da
vcdilobdi, araferi gamomrCenoda...
72 wlis kaci axalgazrdulad gamoiyureboda; iSviaTad gamo-
dioda gareT da roca gamodioda, salams veravin daaswrebda.
aseTi iyo batoni niko nikolaZe – qarTveli xalxis erTgu-
li da Rirseuli Svili.

irodion evdoSvili foTSi

meoce saukune axali dawyebuli iyo. mowafe viyavi, magram

imdenad moCituli, rom axal TaobaSi wili medo.
maSin revoluciis xana iyo da moswavleebic drois Sesaferi
literaturiT vikvebebodiT. nabeWdi wignebi ar gvqonda da popu-
larul nakalmars erTmaneTisagan viwerdiT.
Cemi bavSvuri warmodgeniT bevri ram iyo saintereso revol-
uciur poeziaSi, magram yvelaze ufro irodion evdoSvilis leq-
si „megobrebo, win, win gaswiT“ miyvarda.
im viTarebaSi me ar meguleboda sxva leqsi, romelSic ase
STamagoneblad da mgznebarebiT, ase sxartad yofiliyo gadmoce-
muli revoluciuri brZolisken mowodeba.
unda aRiniSnos, rom imdroindeli qarTveli avtorebis na-
werTa gamocemis saqme ver idga saTanado simaRleze. CvenSi mowi-
nave ojaxebSi Tu naxavdiT ilias, akakis, vaJasa da yazbegis cal-
keul nawarmoebTa wignebs. maT erTad Tavmoyril naRvawTa gamo-
cemebze ocnebac ar SegveZlo. ai, aseT pirobebSi ra imedi unda
mqonoda, rom axalgazrda poetis evdoSvilis leqsebs calke wig-
nad dabeWdils vnaxavdi, magram vnaxe da Tanac rusi mezoblis –
ulianovskis ojaxSi. es iyo patara zomis Txeli wigni, iaffasia-
ni gamocema, romlis garekanze poetis suraTi iyo moTavsebuli.
ulianovskaias, moxucebul qvriv qals ori qaliSvili da erTi
vaJi hyavda. zustad ar maxsovs, rusebi iyvnen Tu polonelebi,
magram qarTulad kargad laparakobdnen da qarTul ojaxebTan
megobruli urTierToba hqondaT.
miSa ulianovski jer isev mowafe iyo, magram, rom ityvian,
Tavdadebuli revolucioneri. man im mgznebare drois Sesaferisi
bevri leqsi icoda zepirad, maT Soris qarTuli leqsi „megobre-
bo“. vTxove, gadamiwere-meTqi.
_ me magis wignic maqvs, _ miTxra miSam.
_ rogor, _ gavikvirve me. –evdoSvilis wigni gaqvs?
_ ho, ginda, giCveno da gaTxovo kidec?
miSa saCqarod Setrialda Sin da wigni gamoitana.
didxans videqi xmaamouReblad da sixaruliT vfurclavdi am
iSviaT gamocemas.

118
 ramdeni xani gavida mas Semdeg da axlac mikvirs, rogor mo-
xvda is iSviaTi wigni ulianovskebis ojaxSi im dros, roca
bevrs misi naxvac ki natvrad hqonda gadaqceuli. evdoSvilis „me-
gobrebo“ imdenad popularuli iyo, rom, rogorc ityvian, yvelas
pirze ekera.
quTaisis saswavleblis damTavrebisa da iqidan wasvlis Sem-
deg evdoSvilis leqsebis wigni me aRarsad Semxvedria. arc mis
avtorze gamegona rame da cxovrebis pirobebis SecvlasTan dakav-
SirebiT yvelaferi TiTqos erTgvar daviwyebasac mieca.
1907 wlis Semodgomaze, wiwamuris tragediis dReebSi kvlav
gaielva poetis TiTqmis miviwyebulma saxelma. is dReebi iyo, ro-
ca mTeli eri, saerTo risxviT Sekruli, jalaTebisadmi zizRiT
aRvsiliyo. irodion evdoSvilic, romelic didi ilias erovnul
ideebze iyo aRzrdili, mowinaveTa rigebSi vixileT: „visac unda,
is gaCumdes, me ar ZalmiZs moTmineba, TviT kalami braz-naRveliT
aTrTolda da ileseba“, _ werda poeti.
imxanad moskovis universitetSi vswavlobdi da kargad max-
sovs qarTveli studentebis erTsulovani aRSfoTeba da Tan is
didi aRfrTovanebac, poet irodion evdoSvilis gulwrfeli,
Tavdadebuli gamosvlebi rom iwvevda.
im dReebSi poeti-tribuni, poeti-moqalaqe irodion evdoSvi-
li kidev ufro metad amaRlda studentebis TvalSi, yvelgan mas-
ze iyo laparaki, mis leqsebs kiTxulobdnen.
sagulisxmoa is garemoebac, rom Cvens saTvistomoSi iseTe-
bic iyvnen, romlebsac srulebiT ar moswondaT poetis aseTi
gamosvlebi. is amiT TiTqos proletarul motivebs uaryofda da
nacionalistebis banakSi gadadioda.
1909 wels Tbilisis gazeT „zakavkazieSi“, romelic moskovSi
mogvdioda, amovikiTxeT evdoSvilis Soreul CrdiloeTSi gadasa-
xlebis ambavi, rac Tbilisis gubernatoris gankargulebis safuZ-
velze momxdara.
1916 wlis gazafxuli idga. rogorc araerTxel mogaxseneT,
maSin foTSi vmuSaobdi. da ai, erT dRes Cvens dawesebulebaSi
gvewvia friad pativsacemi pirovneba _ niko TavdgiriZe, romelic
im dros erT-erTi popularuli qarTveli sazogado moRvawe iyo.
niko soxumSi cxovrobda da erTxans qalaqis Tavis metad sapa-
tio Tanamdebobac ekava, im xanad ki soxumis saurTierTo kredi-
tis sazogadoebaSi gamgeobis Tavmjdomare gaxldaT.
Cvens dawesebulebebs saqmiani urTierToba hqondaT erTma-
neTTan, ris gamoc n.TavdgiriZis mosvla ar gagvkvirvebia, magram
saubrisas gamoirkva, rom igi Turme TbilisSi miemgzavreboda, sa-
dac soxumidan avadmyofi poeti evdoSvili mihyavda.
poet evdoSvilis xsenebaze yvela smenad gadaviqeciT. pirad-
ad me Zalze davinteresdi am ambiT, radgan, karga xani iyo, aRa-
raferi gamegona masze.
gamoirkva, rom avadmyofi poeti bolo dros soxumSi mkurna-
lobda, magram misi janmrTeloba kidev ufro gauaresebuliyo da
aucilebloba moiTxovda misTvis adgilis gamocvlas. TviTon
avadmyofsac TbilisSi dabruneba uTxovia. poetis soxumidan
TbilisSi wayvana n.TavdgiriZes ukisria, foTSi Camosvlisas man
CvenTan Semoiara, megobrebic gvinaxula da sayvareli poetis
ambavic Segvatyobina.

119
 aqve minda aRvniSno, rom maSin soxumis centrTan damakavSi-
rebeli rkinigza ar arsebobda (gaiyvanes 20-ian wlebSi). amitom
soxumidan TbilisSi mimavali mgzavrebi jer foTSi unda Camosu-
liyvnen zRviT da mere iqidan TbilisSi matarebliT wasuliyvnen.
Cveni soxumeli mgzavrebic ase moqculiyvnen da foTSi Camosule-
bi Tbilisis matarebels elodnen.
poet evdoSvilis foTSi yofnis ambavi erTbaSad gavrcelda
muSebsa da inteligentebs Soris. bevrma moindoma misi naxva, mag-
ram gemiT mgzavrobisagan avadmyofi Zalze dasustebuliyo da
xalxis miRebis Tavi ar hqonda, amitom Cveni dawesebulebidan
TavdgiriZes vagzalze ramdenime piriRa gavyeviT: me, gamgeobis
wevri vano didia da qalaqis gamgeobaSi momuSave popularuli
moRvawe _ cxraasxuTeli revolucioneri mixa esakia.
_ Zvirfaso irodion, xedav, ramdeni megobrebi gyolia foT-
Si! – SesZaxa man Tavisi rixiani xmiT, roca vagzlis baqanze gave-
diT da iqve mdgari poetis sawols Tavs wavadeqiT. _ rogorc ki
Seni aq yofnis ambavi gaiges, yvelam Seni monaxuleba moisurva,
magram, rom vuTxari mgzavrobiT daRlili iyavi, Tavi Seikaves,
Tumca TavianTi warmomadgenlebi mainc gamogzavnes.
nikos xmaze skam-loginze mwoliare irodionma odnav wamoi-
wia da naRvliani Tvalebi gakvirvebiT SemogvanaTa, magram male
isev milula.
sulis kvnesa ismoda misi naRvliani saxidan da gamxdari
sxeulidan. guli metkina da xmis amoRebis xalisic, rogorc yve-
las, mec wamerTva.
TviTmpyrobelobis cixeebsa da gadasaxlebebSi natanji da
nawvalebi, WleqiT Sepyrobili, Ronemixdili poeti dauZlurebu-
li esvena sawolze da naRvliani TvalebiT xmaamouReblad misCe-
reboda sivrces. gamaxsenda misi leqsidan aseTi striqoni – „me
ferfliRa var cecxlze damwvar salamuridan.“
male matarebelic Camodga da avadmyofi vagonSi SeviyvaneT.
iq rbil sawolze movaTavseT da erTxans mis axlos mdumared vi-
deqiT, mere isev uxmod da ulaparakod CamovediT baqanze.
poetis naxvis msurvelebi mainc mosuliyvnen da baqanze moe-
yaraT Tavi. maT Soris iyvnen qalaqis sabWos deputatebi. videqiT
daRvremilni da umweoni sayvareli poetis aseTi unugeSo mdgoma-
reobis gamo.
meore dRes me da vano didia foTSi Tbilisidan dabrunebul
qalaqis Tavs, niko nikolaZes vestumreT da vuambeT evdoSvilis
soxumidan foTSi gamovlis ambavi. batonma nikom sinanuli gamoT-
qva, rom, samwuxarod, im dRes foTSi ar imyofeboda da saSuale-
ba ar mieca Sexvedroda avadmyof poetsa da niko TavdgiriZes.
sul oriode kvira arc ki iyo gasuli, rom poetis gardacva-
lebis cnoba miviReT. dakrZalvaze Camosuli foTis delegaciis
wevrTa Soris mec viyavi.
qaSueTis eklesiis galavani da mosazRvre quCebi savse iyo
xalxiT, maT Soris saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxidan Camosuli
delegaciebiT. bevri ram iTqva sazriani da gulSi Camwvdomi, mag-
ram Cemze gansakuTrebuli STabeWdileba datova mwerlisa da sa-
zogado moRvawis, cnobili eqimis ivane gomarTelis Sinaarsianma
sityvam. man aRniSna, rom irodion evdoSvilma Tavis samSoblosa
da mSromel xalxs marto Semoqmedeba ki ar miuZRvna, Tavisi jan-

120
mrTeloba da sicocxlec anacvala. mSobliuri qveynis bedniereb-
isTvis sakuTari nebiT daidga mowameobrivi gvirgvinio.
mSvenieri sityva Tqva qarTvel ebraelTa warmomadgenelma
daviT baazovmac. mexsierebaSi am sityvis ramdenime fragmentiRa
SemomrCa: „_ itireT irodion evdoSvili, xalxno da jamaaTno,
oRond mxolod TvaliT da ara guliT, _ ambobda Sav tansac-
melSi gamowyobili vaJkaci, ambobda ki ara, ufro mReroda, rog-
orc es Zvel bibliur oratorebs sCveodaT warsulSi. – itireT
TvaliT da ara guliT, rameTu igi gmiria da amieridan samudam-
od aris gabrwyinebuli xalxis gulSi ukvdavebis sxivebiT. gul-
iT itireT mxolod is, vinc Tavis ers ganze gasdgomia...“
quCebSi didubis panTeonamde xSirad gvxvdebodnen jguf-jgu-
fad mdgari axalgazrdebi, muSebi, inteligentebi, poetis damfa-
seblebi, romlebic mwuxare dumiliT uerTdebodnen procesias.
Rrma STabeWdilebiT davbrundiT panTeonidan. meore dRes
gazeT „zvirTis“ redaqciaSi Seviare da patara werili davtove
poetis dakrZalvis gamo. werili sul male dabeWdes. im gazeTs
didxans vinaxavdi, radgan saintereso bevri ram iyo mis furc-
lebze da, maT Soris, haziras kargad mozrdili muxambazi: „wadi,
wadi, nuRar moxval, Se oxero martis Tveo,“ ramdenime werili
evdoSvilze da mis poeziaze, „arCil jorjaZis nawerebidan,“ „mu-
SaTa cxovreba“ da sxva, magram Semdeg igi i.evdoSvilis saxl-mu-
zeums gavugzavne saCuqrad.
irodion evdoSvilma Tavisi SemoqmedebiT bevri ram axali
SesZina Cvens literaturas.
irodion evdoSvilis Rvawli Rirseulad daafasa Cvenma xal-
xma. mSobliuri literaturis istoriaSi mas sapatio adgili miu-
Cina.
poetis dasaflavebis meore dRes gazeT „zvirTis“ 1916 wlis
16 maisis nomerSi daibeWda Cemi werili: „ir.evdoSvilis dakrZal-
vaze“ (STabeWdilebani), romlis nawyvetebsac SemogTavazebT Cemi
mogonebis dasasruls:
kvira. rva maisi. dilidan mSvenieri mziani, xalisiani dRe ep-
ireboda... qvaSveTis eklesiis galavani, romlis sivrce ukve xal-
xiT gaWediliyo, mowiwebiT moeloda mgosnis daxuWul TvalTa
ukanasknel xilvas. warbebSekrulni SevediT me da erTi Cemi me-
gobari galavanSi da xalxis Sav talRas SeverieT...
ager zarebmac gul-sawvavad daiwkriales da... eklesiis siRr-
midan Sav talRaTa qeCoze Jamisferi kuboc gamoCnda tivtiviT..
kubo...
es sulis Semzaravi sityva! gulis mosaklavi sanaxaoba! iro-
dionmac Tqva: „...Cavscqeri kuboso“-o, „Sig badri mTvare narna-
rebs, stkbeba“-o...
sicocxliT gamwarebul mgosans am kubodan „satrfoc ki
ealerseboda“ TiTqos...
gamoCnda kubo, mas acremlebuli kvnesac mosdevda Tan.
onel rabinis sityvam Rrma warsulSi gadamisrola, win TiT-
qo sul sxva suraTi gadamifina... samxreTi... papanaqeba sicxe... ga-
damwvari, oqrosfrad gamomyure, ufoTlo da ubalaxo qedebi da...
iqve ki qvaze Semdgari, fexSiSveli, saxedamwvari da Tma-wver gab-
uwuli xalxis maswavlebeli, romelic aRgznebuli sityvebiT
zRva xalxs cecxlur sityvebs esroda...

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 Sors ki... xSiri miwurebiT mofenili, Cafiqrebuli, daRvre-
mili ebrauli qalaqi.
rabin baazovis gulsaklavi sityvebiT, ierusalimi, beTlemi
Tu nazareTi sevdiani sikaJiT iyo savse. is iyo mware kvnesa, viTa
tirili babilonis mdinarisa pirs...
mere isev tfilisi, isev quCa, isev zRva xalxi da amoZrave-
buls Sav talRaTa qeCoze kidev motivtive Jamisferi kubo.
samaradiso dasvenebis adgils mieCqaroda irodionis ukve
maradis dasvenebuli gvami.
Tvalwin gadameSala is warsuli dro, rodesac mkveTri da
gabeduli leqsi pirvelad esma Cems yurs... gamaxsenda bavSvoba,
quTaisi, saswavlebeli, yvela is Cemi patara amxanagi, visTan erT-
adac Seviyvare irodionis naTeli poezia.
„ megobrebo, win, win gaswiT,
nu Sedrkeba Tqveni guli,
de, mkerds sisxlis daRi aCndes
da Subls oflis nakaduli!“
didubes rom mivuaxlovdiT, cam warbi Seikra. ca RrublebiT
daifara da xalisiani dRe mwuxris JangiT Seimosa. qaric amovar-
da da xSiri xeebi aaxmaura.
kubo saflavis pirze daasvenes. es is kuboa, romlidanac
mgosans „satrfoc ealerseboda“. ai, sada hpova sicocxliT gam-
warebulma Sveba! aqeTken mas xom TviT raRac ucnauri Zalac
uxmobda:
„vdgavar martoka, Cavcqeri kubos,
Sig badri mTvare narnarebs, stkbeba,
da am wyvdiadSi, am kaeSanSi
satrfo kubodan mealerseba.“
misi Cangi mwuxared aJRerda: „satrfo kubodan mealersebao,“
da, vin uwyis, egeba guldatanjul mgosans misi xSir-mosaubre
cis feriebi ukve aRarc ki umalavdnen aSkarad moaxloebuls
kubos da... satrfos alersiT iwvevdnen mis suls...
amitomac iyo, rom, rodesac oriode kviris win soxumidan
tfiliss mimavali mgosani foTis sadgurze vixile, gulma dauma-
lavad miTxra, rom mgosnis Tvalebs ukve saflavi Sehyvareboda:
„miyvars saflavi: Cemi satrfoa,
iq Cavasvene me siyvaruli“-o.
da vigrZeni, rom mgosani aRarc malavda:
„iq aris Cemi wmidaTa wmida,
Cemi edemi da gazafxuli“-o.
me ukve maSin Camoviwure cremli RawvTagan da „TvaliT
vitire“ is, vinc iyo ara marto „mgosani“ da „mebrZoli“, romelic
xalxis gulSi marad icocxlebs, aramed...
mxolod da mxolod udrood damdnari da bevris mTqmelis
SemZle guli, romlis saxeli amqveynad iyo: - irodioni!...

Jurnali „cisferi yanwebi“

mniSvnelovani movlena iyo CvenSi Jurnal „cisferi yanwe-

bis“ gamosvla, romelmac mTeli epoqa Seqmna qarTul literatu-

122
raSi, rogorc dekadentur-simbolisturi ideebis pirvelma Semom-
tanma, medroSem da mqadagebelma.
am Jurnalis istoria misi winamorbedis – „oqros verZis“ –
gamoCenis Semdeg iwyeba. orive Jurnals hqonda erTi saTave, erTi
sawyisi da mitomac arian erTnairad mimzidvelni da saintereso-
ni. am literaturuli mimdinareobis moTave poeti da tribuni
paolo iaSvili iyo, qarTuli poeziis es momxiblavi raindi da
laparakic, cxadia, paolo iaSviliT unda daviwyo.
man didi Sromisa da rudunebis Sedegad gamouSva zemoxsene-
buli ori literaturuli Jurnali _ „oqros verZi“ (1913 wels)
da „cisferi yanwebi“ (1916 wels). man Tavi mouyara did litera-
turul Zalebs, yvelas, visac ki saamiso unari hqonda da aRelve-
bda qarTuli literaturis bedi.
es Jurnalebi marTlac rom originaluri iyo rogorc Sesa-
xedavad, ise SinaarsiT; raRac axali, lamazi, TiTqos sayvareli
adamianisaTvis saCuqrad gamzadebuli Zvirfasi nivTi. zomac _
kargi, qaRaldic _ maRali xarisxis, Sriftic _ uebro, ydebi –
mxatvrulad gaformebuli.
„cisferi yanwebi“ ori saRebaviT iyo dabeWdili. riTmebi
wiTeli feriT iyo gamoyofili _ ise, rogorc es Zvelad qarTve-
lma kaligrafebma da wignis moyvarulma gamformeblebma icod-
nen.
Semonaxuli maqvs am Jurnalebis TiTo egzemplari (orive no-
meri), romelTac azizad vinaxav, vufrTxildebi, rogorc Tvalis-
Cins. es ufro imitom, rom isini redaqciis mier CemTvis iyo gan-
kuTvnili, rogorc JurnalSi momuSave koleqtivis erT-erTi wev-
risaTvis. es faqti aRniSnulic aris #1 Jurnalis egzemplarebze.
TvalsaCino adgilze stamburad dabeWdilia „lado jafariZes“.
qvemoT – Jurnalis gerbi, gamocemis adgili da TariRi: quTaisi,
gazafxuli, CSiv, e.i. 1916 w.
es siurprizi Jurnalis redaqciam da ufro Jurnalis erTad-
erTma Tavkacma paolo iaSvilma miuZRvna yvela monawiles: gr.ro-
baqiZes, i.griSaSvils, g.tabiZes, v.gafrindaSvils, leli jafari-
Zes da sxvebs, daaxloebiT TxuTmet kacs, _ SesaZloa, stambis
muSakebsac, romlebmac didi pativi dasdes redaqtors Jurnalis
xarisxianad da lamazad gaformebis saqmeSi.
me, marTalia, leqsi an raime literaturuli masala aq ar
damibeWdavs, magram is ki marguna bedma, rom Jurnalis erT-erTi
mxatvari da gamformebeli vyofiliyavi.
Jurnalis ydaze avtorTa saxelebis gamotana metad Svenoda
gamocemas, raRac Tavisebur iers da originalobas hmatebda. ase-
Ti yuradReba redaqciis mxriv JurnalSi monawile avtorebis mi-
marT iSviaTia. yovel SemTxvevaSi, Cvens droSi arsad Semxvedria.
vfiqrob es redaqtor-gamomcemlis paolo iaSvilis maRali kul-
turis, taqtis, gemovnebisa da avtorTa dafasebis gamoxatulebaa.
rac Seexeba Jurnalis meore nomers, aseTi warwera mas, saer-
Tod, ar hqonia, da maxsovs, paolo Zalian swuxda amis gamo. rat-
om, risTvis? paolo amas raRac sapatio mizezs miawerda, romlis
gamosworebac Semdeg SeuZlebeli Seiqna. es miTxra foTSi raRac
saqmeze Camosulma poetma. swored maSin gadmomca Jurnalis ax-
ladgamosuli nomeri.

123
 _ nu gewyineba, Cemo lado, rom am nomerze monawileTa gvare-
bi ver mivabeWdeT ise, rogorc es pirvel nomerze gvqonda gakeT-
ebuli, magram ara uSavs – SemdegisaTvis es nakli gamoswordeba.
am Sens kuTvnil nomerze ki, modi, Cems warweras davjerdeT da
xeliT mivawer imas, rac stamburad unda dagvebeWda, _ Tqva man
da Jurnalis garekanze ase waawera: „lados, Cveni cisferi sax-
lis Zvirfas xuroTmoZRvars. paolo iaSvili.“ TariRi daviwynia.
es dRes SevniSne! Jurnalis gerbis qveS ki mibeWdilia: quTaisi,
zamTari, CSiv“.
paolo iaSvilis aRniSnuli warwera kidev ufro amSvenebs
Jurnalis am nomers da Cems TvalSi am egzemplars unikalur mni-
Svnelobas aniWebs.
paolos mier Jurnali „cisferi yanwebi“ gansakuTrebuli mo-
ndomebiT iqna momzadebuli da gamoSvebuli. Jurnalma 1916 wlis
dasawyisSi ixila dRis sinaTle.
orive Jurnali _ rogorc „oqros verZi“, ise „cisferi yanwe-
bi“ gamosacemad ise momzadda, rom paolo iaSvils am saqmeSi
TiTqmis aravin daxmarebia. is Zalze Sromismoyvare iyo da am
Sromas, azrs, energias mTlianad literaturas anacvalebda. gim-
naziis wlebidan ase mosdgamda. sxvaTa Soris, is eqspromtis di-
di ostatic iyo. moviyvan erTi mandilosnis – qalbaton lenas
mcire mogonebas. is qaliSvilobisas quTaisSi swavlobda. Turme
erTxel mas ojaxSi mezobeli gimnazielebi swvevian, maT Soris
paolo iaSvilic yofila. gazafxuli iyo da qaliSvilma Tavis
ezoSi saxeldaxelod aluCa dakrifa da stumrebs miarTva. ir-
gvliv buneba yvaoda da axalgazrda gimnaziel paoloSi poetma
ifeTqa: „lxenaa, lxena!... – wamoiZaxa man Turme, _ frinvelTa
stvena, aluCas gvawodebs Zvirfasi lena!“
am ambavs dResac siamovnebiT igonebs xolme qalbatoni lena.
paolo rom gamaxsendeba, misi Sno, lazaTi da goliaTuri,
vaJkacuri figura, yovelTvis Cveni poeziis namdvil raindad war-
momidgeba.
1964 wels mec mergo pativi sxvebTan erTad monawileoba mi-
meRo paolos dabadebidan 70 wlisTavis aRsaniSnav saRamoze qa-
laq TbilisSi da erTxel kidev davrwmundi, Tu raoden ganuzo-
meli siyvaruliT sargeblobs igi Cvens droSi. saRamo Catarda
mecnierebaTa akademiis darbazSi da didZali xalxic daeswro.
moxsenebebiT da mogonebebiT gamovidnen Cveni cnobili mwerlebi
da yvelani erTnairi siTboTi da siyvaruliT igonebdnen mas.
darbazSi gamofenili iyo Cem mier specialurad im saRamosaTvis
daxatuli paolos didi portreti. vis ar Sevxvdi iq Cveni mowi-
nave sazogadoebidan Tu mwerlebidan, visTan ar vijere guli sa-
siamovno saubriT paolosa Tu mis uaxloes megobar ticianze.
sxvaTa Soris, ticianis meuRle qalbatoni nino aq brZandeboda
da isic gulaZgerebuli usmenda oratorebis mier Tqmul uaRre-
sad Tbil, mravlismetyvel sityvebs da malulad iwmendda Tval-
ebze momdgar cremls.
am saRamos mieZRvna saocrad Tbili sagazeTo informacia,
romelic „veCerni Tbilisis“ imave wlis 15 ivnisis nomerSi dai-
beWda.
paolo quTaisis klasikur gimnaziaSi Cemi umcrosi Zmis val-
erianis Tanaklaseli iyo, ris gamoc bevri ram gamegona mis niWsa

124
da unarze. amdenad, is imTaviTve momaval did mwerlad da lite-
ratorad mesaxeboda. Cemi es prognozic savsebiT gamarTlda
maSin, roca gavigone, rom pavluSa iaSvilma (maSin jer kidev ar
atarebda axal saxels – paolos) Jurnali „oqros verZi“ gamo-
uSvao. igi gimnaziaSi swavlobda da literaturuli gamocdile-
ba, raRa Tqma unda, saerTod ara hqonia. me da grigoli moskovSi
vswavlobdiT im dros da moulodnelad Cveni umcrosi Zmebisagan
_ valerianisa da aleqsandresagan quTaisidan sul cota xnis win
gamocemuli „oqros verZis“ pirveli nomeri miviReT. gadavfurc-
leT da Jurnalis pirvel gverdze Cven mier Sesrulebuli rus-
Tavelis portreti gveca TvalSi. sixaruliT cas vewieT – imde-
nad moulodneli iyo CvenTvis es siurprizi. maSinve Cvens amxa-
nag-megobrebTan gavaqaneT da vaCveneT. yvelam gaiziara Cveni didi
sixaruli.
Jurnalis momdevno gverdi – rusTavelis portretis mere –
eWira leqsebs, novelebs da sxva saxis literaturul masalas,
gansakuTrebiT gamoirCeoda saredaqcio werili, romelSic Jurna-
lis gamocemis mizandasaxulobis Sesaxeb iyo saubari. Semdeg mo-
dioda patara werili rusTavelze, werili saqarTveloze da misi
gacnobis mizniT, eqskursiebis mowyobis aucileblobaze; bolos,
quTaisis sazogadoebrivi da literaturuli cxovrebis mimo-
xilvaiT mTavrdeboda.
ase detalurad amas imitom vigoneb, rom igi dRes bibliogr-
afiul iSviaTobas warmoadgens da axalgazrdobisaTvis miuwvdo-
melia (misi sul xuTi nomeri gamovida). samwuxarod, dRes ramde-
nime cali biblioTekaSi TuRaa Semonaxuli. danamdvilebiT vici,
rom misi mTeli kompleqti (xuTive nomeri) daculia sajaro da
saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis Tu griSaSvilis saxelobis
biblioTekebSi. vfiqrob, Tbilisis universitetis biblioTekaSic
moiZebneba igi. piradad me erT dros am Jurnalis yvela nomeri
mqonda, magram TandaTan Semomefanta da damrCa mxolod pirveli
nomeri. aq Jurnalis redaqtorad b.jaiania gamocxadebuli. es
imitom, rom paolo im dros gimnaziaSi swavlobda da mowafis
redaqtorad gamocxadeba ar SeiZleboda. beso jaiani quTaisSi
saadgilmamulo bankSi muSaobda da paolos, rogorc axalgazr-
da literators, exmareboda. ai es iyo mizezi misi ,,garedaqtore-
bisa”. faqtiuri redaqtori paolo ki JurnalisaTvis saWiro yve-
la saqmeebs TviTon ganagebda. redaqciac Tavis saxlSi hqonda da
ojaxic materialurad exmareboda. ufro ki mamamisi iyo xelgaS-
lili da am saqmis xelSemwyobi. mas ekuTvnoda kozakovis Sesa-
xvevSi mdebare lamazi orsarTuliani saxli ganieri, mwvane da
xexiliT savse ezoTi.
raki „oqros verZze“ Camovagde sityva, barem aqve misi ukanas-
kneli (mexuTe) nomris Sinaarssac gagacnobT. mkiTxvelis yurad-
Rebas im or leqsze SevaCereb, romelsac quTaisis maSindel sa-
zogadoebaSi cnobil or ulamazes qaliSvils uZRvnian. erTi
maTgania „fiordebis asuls“. igi gr.robaqiZes ekuTvnis: „me Sore-
uli var – ar vici arc dRe da arc Rame Cemi movlenis“. mas ori
gverdi ukavia da TeTri leqsis saukeTeso nimuSs warmoadgens.
xolo leqsi saTauriT _ ,,meores” _ ekuTvnis paolo iaSvils: ,,me
msurs, yvelam gaigonos Seyvarebul mgosnis leqsi...” da esec
siyvarulis umaRlesi grZnobiTaa gamTbari.

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 asea Tu ise, Jurnali „oqros verZi“ mxolod paolos mSob-
lebis xarjze gamodioda. roca erTxel amis Taobaze hkiTxes Tu-
rme paolos: _ samsaxurSi ara xar, xelfass ar iReb da ase xel-
gaSlilad riTi cxovrobo, paolos maSinve moswrebulad upasux-
nia: „jerjerobiT jibos jibiTo“.
paolo pirvelad quTaisSi vnaxe 1914 wels. is axali dabru-
nebuli iyo evropidan da TiTqos mTeli iqauri brwyinvaleba Tan
Camoetana. Zalze Svenoda lamazi Savi, briala Tvalebi, sqeli
qoCori, Wabukuri goliaTuri figura. amasTan, axalgazrda
poetebs Soris mas ukve saxeli moexveWa.
ise Semxvda, rogorc Zvel nacnobs da megobars, radgan kar-
gad axsovda Cemi da Cemi Zmis mier daxatuli „rusTavelis“ port-
reti, Jurnal „oqros verZis“ pirvelsave nomerSi rom gadabeWda
gazeT „Temidan“. „arwiviviT imzirebao“, ambobda is am portretze.
axla oriode sityva imaze, Tu rogor moxvda rusTavelis es
portreti gazeT „TemSi“. me da grigolma is 1912 wels studento-
bis dros davxateT da akaki wereTlis raWa-leCxumSi mogzauro-
bisas mis erT-erT mxlebels – gazeT „Temis“ redaqtors – gri-
gol diasamiZes vaCuqeT. man is Tavisi gazeTis 1913 wlis 15 apri-
lis nomerSi moaTavsa. amis mere paolom suraTi Tavis „oqros
verZSic“ gadabeWda. Turme imdenad moixibla Cveni erToblivi na-
warmoebiT, rom, roca 1915 wels Tavisi morigi axali literatu-
rul-mxatvruli Jurnalis („cisferi yanwebi“) gamocema ganizraxa,
mxatvruli gaformeba me SemomTavaza.
imxanad foTSi momuSaves quTaisSic xSirad mixdeboda Casv-
la da paolos valerian gafrindaSvilTan erTad iq vxvdebodi
xolme. paolos meore axlo megobari tite tabiZe ki im dros
studenti iyo da moskovSi swavlobda. werilebsac JurnalisaT-
vis paolos iqidan ugzavnida. me da grigoli ufrosebi viyaviT
paolos jgufelebze, magram isini ise megobrobdnen CvenTan, ro-
gorc TavianT tolebTan. Cvens am urTierTobas saTave rusTave-
lis portretma daudo. isini masSi raRac siaxles xedavdnen. si-
axle ki umTavresi devizi iyo cisferyanwelebisa.
unda aRiniSnos, rom im droisaTvis me da Cems Zmas mTargmne-
lebis saxelic gvqonda gavardnili, ramac, agreTve, Seuwyo xeli
simbolistebTan Cvens megobrobas.
erT mSvenier dRes sasurveli stumari paolo iaSvili foT-
Si gamomecxada. Zalze mesiamovna paolos danaxva. mas axlda val-
erian gafrindaSvili da, Tu ar vcdebi, ivane yifianic (poeti). am
stumrobisas bevri vilaparakeT axali Jurnalis gamocemis irgv-
liv. paolom ki ar mTxova, pirdapir, damavala Jurnalis gare-
kanis mxatvruli gaformeba. me vvuarobdi, magram Cemma uarma ar
gaWra.
aqve minda gavixseno erTi patara detalic, kerZod, rogor
Sexvdnen isini pavle ingoroyvas Zmas – Tedos da raoden sasia-
movno da cremlis momgvreli iyo es Sexvedra.
paolo megobrebTan erTad qalaqs aTvalierebda. swored am
dros Semogvxvda aborigeni Tedo ingoroyva, romelsac ZmasaviT
gadaexvivnen da ise hkocnidnen, cremlic ki moeriaT.
Tedo ingoroyvas qalaqis centrSi, iqve, sastumros Sesasv-
lelTan, patara maRazia hqonda. xiliT vaWrobda da Tavsac am
vaWrobiT irCenda. janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo mZime samu-

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Saoze wasvla ar SeeZlo. Tedo foTSi pativiscemiT sargeblob-
da, rogorc wesieri moqalaqe da sayovelTaod cnobili mecni-
eris pavle ingoroyvas Zma.
bolos da bolos, paolos daveTanxme Jurnalis gaformebis
Taobaze da didi pasuxisgeblobis grZnobiT Sevudeqi davalebis
Sesrulebas. isic vicodi, rogori siyvaruliT ekideboda saJur-
nalo masalas, rogor arCevda, amuSavebda, asworebda da mxolod
saukeTesos beWdavda.
mec, rasakvirvelia, pasuxismgeblobiT movekide mindobil sa-
qmes, Jurnalis ydis ramdenime eskizi gavakeTe da bolos erTze
SevCerdi. eskizze iyo Jurnalis saerTo saxelwodeba da Rerbi.
namuSevari maSinve quTaisSi waviRe da paolos da mis jgufs vaC-
vene. yvelas moewona, gansakuTrebiT ki mis redaqtors – paolo
iaSvils. man Rerbis Zvirfasi liTonisagan Camosxmac ki ganiz-
raxa cisferyanwelTa ordenis wevrebisaTvis mkerdze misabnevad,
magram Seasrula Tu ara es ganzraxva, dResac ar vici.
„cisferi yanwebis“ pirveli nomeri 1916 wlis TebervalSi ga-
movida. es TariRi aRniSnuli maqvs Cemdami moZRvnili egzemplar-
is satitulo furcelze, romelic paolosaTvis Cveuli akuratu-
lobiTa da sifaqiziTaa Sedgenili: zemoT, marcxniv, kuTxeSi Re-
rbia dabeWdili, igive emblema Jurnalisa, SuaSi – Sinaarsi. isic
metad originaluri; marcxniv – avtorebia dasaxelebuli (awyobi-
lia erT zomaze), xolo marjvniv – maTive nawarmoebebis saTaure-
bi. imdenad sainteresoa es Sinaarsi, rom guli ar miTmens, Tan-
mimdevrobiT ise ar moviyvano, rogorc is JurnalSia dabeWdili:
paolo iaSvili – pirveli Tqma. manifesti; mere leqsebia: gr.r-
obaqiZe – ,,sirenas simRera;“ i.griSaSvili – ,,sZinavs dedofals;“
galaktion tabiZe – ,,mTawmindis mTvare.“ ,,lurja cxenebi;“ elene
dariani – ,,uvertiura.“ ,,piramidebi;“ iv.yifiani – ,,soneti;“ v.gaf-
rindaSvili – sami leqsi; tite tabiZe – „qaldeas qalaqebi“, pao-
lo iaSvili – „paolo iaSvils“, n.lorTqifaniZe – ,,qal-vaJiani;“
leli jafariZe – ,,dResaswaulze;“ balmonti – ori leqsi; al.ci-
rekiZe – ,,raindTa landebi;“ ar.WumbaZe – miniatura; akaki faRava
– ,,Cemi survili;“ tite tabiZe – ,,cisferi yanwebiT;“ yda lado
jafariZisa; redaqtori paolo iaSvili. iqve, rasakvirvelia, Cemi
saxeli da gvaric iyo miwerili, rogorc mxatvrisa.
„cisferi yanwebis“ sul ori nomeri gamovida, orive erTi-
meoreze lamazad dastambuli. qarTvelma mkiTxvelma wesiT da
rigiT, pirdapir, xelixelsagogmanebi ganZi miiRo am Jurnalebis
saxiT. magram...
magram moxda piriqiT. moulodnelad, mkiTxvelTa didi nawi-
li uaryofiTad gamoexmaura mas. ar moewonaT manifestis xmamaRa-
li gancxadeba, gansakuTrebiT, misi sawyisi sityvebi: „saqarTve-
los mgosnebs, yvela meocnebes, qarTvel xalxs“ da a.S. ar moe-
wonaT misi „cisferi qadageba“ individualizmisa da kosmopo-
lituri esTetizmisa; agreTve, erotiuli xasiaTis zogierTi leq-
si manamde sruliad ucnobi poeti qalis – elene darianisa.
mereda, vin iyo es elene dariani? saidan moxvda JurnalSi?
amitom, gansakuTrebiT, ieriSi miitanes „yanwelTa“ jgufTan ax-
los mdgom pirebze, romelTa gvarebic „ianze“ mTavrdeboda: gor-
deziani, giorgobiani, devdariani. agreTve, visac elene erqva. er-

127
Ti sityviT, yvela amaT darianobas swamebdnen da maTze ilesav-
dnen kbilebs.
_ Sen mainc gecodineba, kaco, _ mkiTxa erTma foTelma mego-
barma, _ axlosa xar yanwelebTan, Seni megobrebi arian. miTxari,
Tu giyvarde, vinaa es elene dariani?
erTma mandilosanma, Cemma axlobelma, metad pativcemuli
ojaxs Svilma, pirdapir momaxala: _ Tqveni coli xom elene gi-
orgobiania. yvela ambobs, swored isaa elene darianio da ratom
malavT? aq xom cudi araferia? piriqiT, niWieri qali yofila da
gaumarjos RmerTma.
_ ras ambobT, qalbatono... rogor hkadrebT amas qalbaton
elenes?! ris leqsi, ris poezia, sicocxleSi sityvac arasodes
dauweria, miT ufro pornografiuli xasiaTisa... gagonila aseTi
ram? – eqomagebodnen meoreni, romelTac kargad icodnen Cemi
meuRlis xasiaTi da poeziisadmi misi damokidebuleba.
da isev da isev grZeldeboda elene darianis Zieba.
mxolod karga xnis Semdeg aexada farda am saidumlos da
sazogadoebisaTvis naTeli Seiqna, rom poeti qalis _ elene
darianis saxels TviT am Jurnalis redaqtori paolo iaSvili
iyo amofarebuli.
am garemoebam kidev ufro gaaRiziana opozicia. ar davmalav
da, mec gadmomwvdnen: „rogor moxda, rom es yovlad patiosani
adamiani maTSi gaeriao.“ aseT opozicionerTa risxvis erTaderTi
mizezi is iyo, rom maT ver gauges qarTul literaturaSi evro-
pidan SemoWril moduri literaturis siaxleTa mravalmxrivo-
bas. am adamianTa azriT, „TavaSvebulma axalgazrdobam,“ e.i. cis-
feryanwelebma da maTma mimdevrebma fexqveS gaTeles saukuneebiT
damkvidrebuli da ganmtkicebuli qarTuli klasikuri literatu-
ris normebi da erotizmis mqadageblebad iqcnen.
amave azrisa iyo im droisaTvis foTSi mcxovrebi guria-same-
grelos episkoposi leonide (oqropiriZe) – SemdegSi saqarTve-
los kaTalikosi – didad ganaTlebuli pirovneba, patrioti, qar-
Tuli poeziisa da literaturis didi mcodne. „cisferi yanwebis“
gamosvlasTan dakavSirebiT man erTxel gulistkivili ver dama-
la da masTan morigi stumrobis Jams miTxra:
_ batono vladimer! didi interesiT wavikiTxe Cveni axalgaz-
rdobis, Cveni axali poeziis warmomadgenelTa Jurnali „cisferi
yanwebi“. Tqma ar unda, niWieri axalgazrdebi Canan, magram, Tqve
dalocvilebo, Cvens sisxlsavse axalgazrdobas gana kidev gaRi-
zianeba eWirveba? rogor kadrulobs pativcemuli Jurnali viRac
elene darianis leqsebis gamoqveynebas? marTalia, rogorc Cans,
niWieria es avtori, magram ra? miT uaresi, radgan ufro saSiSia
sazogadoebisaTvis da, maSasadame, miT ufro miuRebeli.
amasobaSi Jurnalis meore nomeric gamovida. „yviTel
mtrebs“ _ asea dasaTaurebuli saredaqcio werili, romelic
sakadriss miuzRavda „filisterebs“: – ,,mxecur yvirilSi gsurT
CaaxrCoT Cveni Seuryeveli xmebi!“ – „viciT, kidev didxans iqneba
Cven garSemo Tqveni sacodavi yvirili“ da a.S.
Jurnali kvlav da kvlav sabrZolo poziciaze idga, magram
toni mainc Serbilebuli iyo da naklebad gamaRizianebeli. niWi-
er, damwyeb poetTa rigebs kidev ori axali saxeli Semoemata: ni-

128
koloz nadiraZe da grigol jafariZe TavianTi iSviaTi da ma-
Ralgemovnebiani lirikiT.
cisferyanwelTa erT-erTi saRamo TbilisSi Catarda. me
xelTa maqvs gazeT „zakavkazskaia reCis“ erTi nomeri, sadac swo-
red am saRamos Sesaxeb aris laparaki. recenziidan irkveva, rom
saRamos metad mSvid atmosferoSi Cauvlia – araviTari gaRizia-
neba da mowinaaRmdegeTa Tavdasxmebi. quTaisSi gamowveulma aur-
zaurma veraviTari gamoZaxili ver hpova TbilisSi. gazeTi qebiT
ixseniebs gafrindaSvilis, agreTve, iaSvilisa da darianis leq-
sebs.
qebisa da aRiarebis Rirsni sworedac isini iyvnen. marTalia,
paolo iaSvili simbolizms da kosmopolitur esTetizmsac qada-
gebda, magram es ufro im dro-Jamis modisadmi gaRebuli xarki
iyo.
is WeSmariti patrioti iyo qarTuli kulturis, qarTuli
leqsis ganaxlebisa; misi formisa da Sinaarsis gamdidrebisaTvis
daucxromeli mebrZoli. man, rogorc poetma, es brZola axal
literaturul mimdinareobas _ simbolizms daukavSira. etrfoda
yvelafer axals, rac Sablons da rutinas upirispirdeboda.
vfiqrob, zedmeti ar iqneba, Tu vityviT, rom paolo iaSvilis
STagonebulma Semoqmedebam, am ori literaturul-mxatvruli
Jurnalis gamocemam, iq dabeWdilma mravalma maRalxarisxovanma
leqsma da rusTavelis im portretma, ris Sesaxebac ukve vilapa-
rake, didi zegavlena moaxdina Cvens axalgazrdobaze.
gansakuTrebuli interesi gamoiwvia rusTavelis portretma.
magaliTad, Cems umcros Zmas uCas, jer kidev bavSvs, am suraTma
aaRebina xelSi funji. amave portretma ubiZga mxatvrobisaken,
agreTve, or saxelovan mxatvars – apolon quTaTelaZes da niko-
loz kandelaks, romlebic Jurnalis gamocemis dros quTaisSi
swavlobdnen. amis Taobaze maT araerTxel uTqvamT CemTan pirad
saubrebSi.
Tu ramdenad popularuli iyo rusTavelis aRniSnuli port-
reti, amaze is faqtic metyvelebs, rom 1924 wels Jurnalma „Teat-
ri da cxovreba“ igi gaamravla da xelismomwerebs dauriga. xo-
lo 40-ian wlebSi „saxelgamma“ is safosto baraTebis saxiT ga-
mosca.
gavixseneb kuriozsac: gazeT „soflis cxovrebaSi“ moTavse-
buli iyo sofel nikorwmindeli cnobili Jurnalistis mamasax-
lisis werili, romelic iqaur maswavlebels, moyvarul mxatvars
SarabiZes Seexeboda. werilSi ,,Cveni rusTavelis” avtorad Sara-
biZe iyo gamoyvanili.
redaqciaSi wavedi gaugebrobis gasarkvevad. iq momibodiSes,
_ SecdomiT gagvepara, Torem vin ar icis am portretis istoria
da misi namdvili avtorio. uyvarT axalgazrdebs igi da xataveno.
am faqtebis gaxseneba me aq imitom damWirda, rom naTeli ga-
xados paolo iaSvilis Jurnalis „oqros verZis“ is didi gavle-
na, rasac is swavlasa da literaturas mowyurebul imdroindel
axalgazrdobaze axdenda. TviTonac xom SesaniSnavi mxatvari iyo
paolo da am saqmeSic albaT bevrs aravis udebda tols.
aRniSnul portrets arc bolo aTeul wlebSi dahklebia
popularoba. magaliTad, poetma jansuR Carkvianma mis Sesaxeb

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friad Sinaarsiani moxseneba waikiTxa 1954 wels mweralTa erT
jgufSi.
aseve Tbili, mravlismTqmeli werili miuZRvna mas osma poet-
ma ilia kavkazagma da igi heqtografiulad daibeWda medicinis
muSakTa kulturis saxlTan arsebuli ilia WavWavaZis saxelobis
literaturuli gaerTianebis mier gamocemul krebulSi. am saqme-
Si gansakuTrebiT didi Rvawli miuZRvis gaerTianebis ucvlel
xelmZRvanels _ mweral ioseb pavliaSvils.
krebuli 1966 wels iqna dastambuli (vimeoreb, heqtografiu-
li wesiT).

*
axla ramdenime sityva tician tabiZis Sesaxeb:
ticiani paolos quTaisis klasikuri gimnaziidan megobrobda.
isini jer kidev moswavleobis periodSi iyvnen cnobilni, ro-
gorc poetebi da mxatvruli sityvis saukeTeso ostatebi.
tician tabiZe 1912 wels gavicani. isic iseve, rogorc paolo
iaSvili, imxanad quTaisSi Cems umcros ZmebTan – valerianTan da
aleqsandresTan erTad swavlobda. tite tabiZe! am saxels erTg-
vari siamayiTac warmoTqvamdnen gimnazielebi da, bunebrivia, mec
amitom aranaklebi pativiscemiT viyavi ganwyobili; xolo, roca
pirvelad vnaxe es simpaTiuri, cisferTvaleba tanmorCili gimnaz-
ieli sqeli tuCebiTa da lamazi vardisferi saxiT, kidev ufro
meti pativiscemiT ganvimsWvale misdami. rogorc yovel gimnazi-
els, formis tansacmeli ecva, xolo qudis gerbze da qamris ba-
lTaze ucvleli sami rusuli aso „KKG“ – e.i. „quTaisis kla-
sikuri gimnazia“ hqonda amokveTili. dinji iyo, seriozuli, fiq-
riani.
1913 wlis agvistoSi, roca moskovis universitetSi saqarTve-
lodan abiturientTa jgufi Camovida, maT Soris Cemi Zmebi vale-
riani da aleqsandrec iyvnen. moskovs swored maSin ewvia tite
tabiZec. is ticianad jer kidev ar iyo monaTluli. Camovidnen
agreTve daviT kldiaSvilis vaJi sergo, romelsac kargad vic-
nobdi quTaisidan, galaktion beJaniSvili – amJamad pensioneri
(cxovrobs moskovSi) da mravali sxva. qaliSvilebidan aq iyvnen
susana janaSia, nina sayvareliZe, zina kvitaSvili, fenia korZaia
da sxvebi.
ticiani universitetis filologiur fakultetze Cairicxa.
bejiTad swavlobda da Tanac Jurnalis gamocemaze fiqrobda.
maxsovs, erTxel Jurnalis (Tu almanaxis) gamocemis organize-
baSi mTxova daxmareba.
magram Jurnali ar gamosula da dResac ar vici, ram SeuSa-
la xeli am keTili ganzraxvis SesrulebaSi.
moskovSi 1914 wlamde viyavi da axalgazrda poets xSirad vx-
vdebodi qarTuli sazogadoebisa da universitetTan arsebuli qa-
rTuli saTvistomos mier mowyobil sxvadasxva literaturul
RonisZiebasa Tu calkeul Sexvedrebze. vakvirdebodi, yovelTvis
raRacas werda, uqmad ar ijda. is mozrdili werilic ki, rome-
lic mas „cisferi yanwebis“ pirvel nomerSi aqvs dabeWdili, stu-
dentobis dros dawera. meore nomerSic sakmaod soliduri adgi-
li ekava. dabeWdili aqvs erTi leqsi (wignidan „qaldeas qalaqe-
bi“), agreTve, erTi vrceli werili saTauriT „cisferi yanwebiT“,

130
romelic arsebiTad pasuxia yvela im gamolaSqrebaze, „cisfer-
yanwelebs“ rom mouwyves quTaisSi. pasuxi metad Tamami da mouri-
debeli iyo. „cisferi yanwebiT“ iwyeba axali periodi qarTul
mwerlobaSi, _ werda is da amtkicebda, rom simbolizmi, rogorc
literaturuli skola, ar yofila CvenSi manamde. is unda Semovi-
des da damkvidrdes saboloodo.
ticiani universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg 1917 wels dabrun-
da saqarTveloSi da energiulad Caeba aqaur literaturul saq-
mianobaSi. aRar maxsovs, romel wels da ra pirobebSi gadaikeTa
saxeli tite ticianad, msgavsad misi Tanamokalmis paolo iaSvi-
lisa, romelmac Tavisi axali saxeli „paolo“ safrangeTidan Cam-
oitana. tites ticianad gadakeTebac paolos mibaZviT iyo. amis
Semdeg poetebs Soris saxelis axleburad gadakeTeba TiTqos mo-
dad iqca da igi mTel literaturul saqarTvelos moedo.
ticiani, yvela sxva sikeTesTan erTad, udidesi patrioti
iyo. ase rom ara, rodi ityoda:
„davbadebulvar, rom viyo mona
da saqarTvelos medgas uReli,
maS, gamarjveba, tkbilo sicocxle,
davrCebiT erTad Cven ganuyreli! “
ticianisa da paolos Semdeg yvelaze gamorCeuli cisferyan-
weli valerian gafrindaSvili iyo, cxadia, Tu arafers vityviT
grigol robaqiZeze, romelic Tavisi didi avtoritetiT da niWi-
erebiT dedaboZi iyo aRniSnuli Jurnalisa. magram grigols nak-
lebad ecala cisferyanwelebTan saurTierTobod. is didi mwera-
li da literaturaTmcodne, ubadlo oratori da qarTuli zepi-
ri sityvis namdvili jadoqari gaxldaT. misma leqciebma vaJa-
fSavelasa da sxva qarTvel mwerlebze sabolood moxibla Cveni
sazogadoeba. amitom cisferyanwelTa saqmianobaSi mxolod spo-
radulad iRebda monawileobas.
valerian gafrindaSvilma quTaisSi daamTavra klasikuri gim-
nazia, magram me is mxolod moskovSi gavicani _ iuridiul faku-
ltetze CemTan erTad swavlobda. Zalze moridebuli axalgazr-
da iyo, Tavaziani, Cumi, upretenzio. laparaki ar uyvarda, arc
xalxSi gamosvla, amitom mTeli cxovreba TiTqmis martoobaSi
gaatara. moskovSi valerianis yvelaze axlo megobari ali arse-
niSvili iyo, isic didi moyvaruli poeziisa da literaturisa,
magram sakvirvelia, rom 1916-1917 wlebSi valerianTan erTad cis-
feryanwelTa jgufSi ar iyo gaerTianebuli.
valerianma leqsebis wera moskovSi rusul enaze daiwyo da
es faqti iq myof qarTvel studentobas gvakvirvebda, magram male
qarTuli leqsebis werasac SeeWida da, marTlac, iSviaTi osta-
tobiT Wedda yovel striqons, Wedda, rogorc kargi oqromWede-
li.
„vin aris, sarkis ufskrulidan rom mevlineba.
visi Tvalebi emuqreba Cems fermkrTal Tvalebs?..“
valerians gansakuTrebiT rusuli emarjveboda da TiTqmis
mTlianad Targmna n.baraTaSvilis leqsebi. Sesaxedavad jmuxi
iyo, warbSekruli, magram guli keTili hqonda. es uwyinari adami-
ani yvelas uyvarda da pativsa scemdnen, magram „filisterebma“
isic ar dazoges da karikaturiT gaumaspinZldnen iumoristul
Jurnal „eSmakis maTraxSi“: suraTze rusTavelis giganturi figu-

131
raa daxatuli da mis orTave mxares, aqeT-iqiT, klounis qudiani
paolo iaSvilisa da valerian gafrindaSvilis juja figurebia.
rusTavelis giganturi figuris fonze isini marTla sacodavad
da sasacilod gamoiyurebian; karikaturas qvemoT warwera hqonda
balmontis cnobili leqsidan: „Lhblh sodru[njx Rustaveli
Gaprindawvili i $wvili“.
cisferyanwelTa pleadidan TiTqmis yvelasTan axlos da me-
gobrulad viyavi, magram yovel maTganze calke laparaki, rasa-
kvirvelia, Sors wagviyvanda. vityvi mxolod imas, rom maTi Jur-
nali wminda xelovnebis qadageba iyo. magram TiToeul ,,yanwels”
didi kultura, taqti Tu aRzrda gamoarCevda sxvaTagan. isini pi-
rvelobdnen rogorc SemoqmedebiT, ise sazogadoebasTan urTier-
TobiT. aseTebi iyvnen galaktion tabiZe, n.lorTqifaniZe, i.griSa-
Svili, leli jafariZe, a.WumbaZe, al.cirekiZe, a.faRava, n.nadiraZe,
gr.jafari, i.yifiani, sxvani da sxvani.
aq dasaxelebulTagan umravlesoba mxolod Tavisi Semoqme-
debiT iyo dakavSirebuli „cisfer yanwebTan“ da vidre Jurnali
ar gamovida, misi mimarTuleba yvelasaTvis cnobili ar iyo. aseve
viyavi mec, roca misma redaqtor-gamomcemelma paolo iaSvilma
Jurnalis mxatvrad amiyvana. Jurnalis ideologiuri mimarTule-
bis Sesaxeb araferi uTqvams da mec darwmunebuli viyavi, rom igi
iqneboda iseTive nimuSi xelovnebisa, rogoric iyo misi winamor-
bedi Jurnali – „oqros verZi“.
„pirvelTqma“, – aseTi iyo saTauri im mowinave werilisa, ro-
melic, saerTod, redaqtoris svetis saxeliTaa cnobili.
„saqarTvelos mgosnebs, yvela meocnebes, qarTvel xalxs!“ –
mimarTavda Jurnali mkiTxvelebs, – ,,ismineT yvelam Cveni qadage-
ba!..“
davinteresdi _ netav, ra qadagebaa-meTqi da xarbad daviwye
am striqonebis kiTxva:
_„ Cven SevikribeT axali silamazis sadideblad... vumReriT
raindobas da alur sixaruls... axal silamazes... Cven vadidebT
sityvas axals, mkacrs da gabeduls, rogorc mefuri xelis gaq-
nevas gagiJebul diriJorisa.“
vkiTxulob ganmeorebiT da vxvdebi, rom Jurnali simbol-
izms qadagebs, rogorc axal literaturul momarTulebas. mag-
ram, amasTan erTad, is rusTavelsac aRmerTebs; warsuls ki uary-
ofs, magram iseT warsuls, romelic uimedo artaxebSi amwyvdevs
Cvens awmyos.
_ cecxli, cecxli yvelafers, rac Sobs mwuxarebas da daR-
lilobas!.. – da vgrZnob, TandaTan rogor mSordeba gulidan
yovelgvari mwuxri da usasooba.
miuxedavad amisa, Jurnalis manifestma, misma xmamaRalma gan-
cxadebam sazogadoebis iseTi guliswyroma gamoiwvia, rom bevrs
da, maT Soris, Zvel Jurnalist filipe maxaraZes kalamic ki aaR-
ebina.
Cemi azriT, sazogadoebis am aRSfoTebis mizezi iyo yanwel-
Ta gadaWarbebuli siTamame: „giyvardeT qali vnebianad da amrav-
leT adamianebi dauzogavad.“
es quTaisis patriarqalur sazogadoebas gulze tyviasaviT
moxvda.

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 rasakvirvelia, sazogadoebas gansakuTrebiT warsulis uar-
yofa aRizianebda.
_ maS, Tu asea, uarvyoT Cveni warsuli, ilia, akaki; uarvyoT
saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi xalxis mier rudunebiTa da siyvaru-
liT naRvawi literatura, xelovneba da yanweli poetebi davis-
vaT kerpebad?! _ cxarobda mkiTxveli.
magram yanwelebi ilias da akakis ki ar uaryofdnen, piriqiT,
didad afasebdnen. aRiarebdnen maT Rvawls, rom maT Seqmnes pat-
riotuli saqarTvelo; yanwelebma ki poeturi saqarTvelo unda
SevqmnaTo. paolo sastikad ilaSqrebda im xalxis winaaRmdeg,
vinc mis jgufs – cisferyanwelebs – futuristebad racxavda.
futuristebi cecxlis alSi xvevdnen warsuli kulturis yovel-
gvar faseulobas da mxolod momavals aRiarebdnen, magram moma-
vali xom warmoudgenelia warsulis gareSe, is xom momavlis sa-
Zirkvelia! paolo ki piriqiT: araTu uaryofda warsuls, is imiT
sunTqavda. rusTaveli RmerTi iyo misTvis, ilia da akaki – udi-
desi erovnuli moRvaweebi.
opozicionerTa da Jurnalis ideebis uarmyofelTa Semotevam
cisferyanwelebi da ufro ki paolo iaSvili, rogorc ukve vTqvi,
aiZula erTgvarad SeerbilebinaT toni, rac Jurnalis meore nom-
ris Sinaarssac aSkarad daetyo; gansakuTrebiT mas Semdeg, rac
quTaisis erT-erT maSindel kafeSi yanwelTa winaaRmdeg gamox-
doma skandalSi gadaizarda.
yanwelTa winaaRmdeg presaSi gamoqveynebuli erT-erTi weri-
li, romlis dabeWdvam kidev ufro gaaZliera miTqma-moTqma maT
e.w. „TavaSvebulobaze“, swored ase iyo dasaTaurebuli: „skanda-
li kafeSi“.
me es gazeTi foTSi wavikiTxe da metad Sevwuxdi; miT ufro,
rom am usiamovnebis mizezad gazeTi „rusTavelis portrets“ asa-
xelebda. Cveni naxati Turme kafeSi ekida. ratomRac (ratom, aRar
maxsovs) yanwelTa mowinaaRmdegeebs ar moswonebiaT. mouTxoviaT
misi, rogorc viTomda maTi emblemis, Camoxsna. axalgazrdobam da
metadre iq myofma poetebma es metismetad iukadrises da Seiqna
erTi ayalmayali, Cxubi da gawev-gamoweva. bolos mowinaaRmdegeni
SemTxveviT iq myof cnobil kritikoss – kita abaSiZes Zlivs
dauSoSminebia.
_ ra SuaSia aq rusTavelis portretio, _ uTqvams kita aba-
SiZes, _ me kargad vici, rom es namuSevari jer kidev Tbilisis
gazeT „TemSi“ iyo dabeWdili, roca „cisferi yanwebis“ xsenebac
ar iyo amqveynad. es portreti Jurnalma dabeWda, rogorc erT-er-
Ti lamazi varianti didi poetis – SoTa rusTavelisao...
Cavedi Tu ara quTaisSi, maSinve vinaxule paolo. bulvaris
piras, megobrebis wreSi Semxvda. damawynara da miTxra: rusTa-
velis portreti mxolod sababi iyo skandalisTvis, magram javri
nurafris geqneba, yvelas Tanabrad gavumaspinZldebiTo.
am periodSi Cemi umcrosi Zma daviT jafariZe quTaisis gim-
naziaSi swavlobda da iqve cxovrobda pansionSi. is ,,omgadaxdi-
li” kafec iqve gimnaziis Senobas emijneboda.
davSordi Tu ara paolos, pansionSi ZmasTan gaveSure.
daviTma dawvrilebiT miambo yvelaferi. misTvis amxanagebs
ecnobebinaT: „ariqa, daTiko, Seni Zmebis daxatuli rusTavelis
gamo Cxubia kafeSi da mieSveleo“.

133
 rasakvirvelia, bavSvi ver mieSveleboda maT da CxubSic ver
Caereoda, magram mainc gaqceula da swored im dros misula, ro-
ca Cxubi ukve Cawynarebuliyo da kita abaSiZec damSvidebuli ga-
modioda kafedan.
paolos Tqmisa ar iyos, rusTavelis portreti mxolod mize-
zi iyo, Torem maT gauTavebel Cxubs sxvadasxva jgufebad dayo-
fa, urTierTSeurigebloba, mxatvruli sityvis mniSvnelobisadmi
gansxvavebuli damokidebuleba, moWarbebuli pretenziebi iwvevda
da ara Cveni rusTavelis portreti. piriqiT, is yvelas moswonda,
gansakuTrebiT ki yanwelebs, romlebic TavianT Jurnals ar
dasjerdnen da Teatralur afiSazec dabeWdes.
am afiSebidan amonaxevi rusTavelis portreti dResac maqvs
Senaxuli da Tvalis CiniviT vufrTxildebi.
didi xani gavida mas Semdeg, magram me mainc siamovnebiT vig-
oneb cxovrebis im monakveTs, „ocnebis naperwklebs rom fantavd-
nen poeturi xeliT xalxSi“.
miyvars is dro _ quTaisi, rogorc qarTuli literaturisa
da Semoqmedebis poeturi duRilis saasparezo.
„ismineT yvelam Cveni qadageba!..“
dResac zaris rekvasaviT Camesmis yurSi 90 wels gadacile-
bul moxucs Jurnalis es fraza.
miyvars masSi dastambuli mxatvruli nawarmoebebi, leqsebi
Tu mxatvruli eskizebi: galaktioni misi „lurja cxenebiT“, gri-
SaSvili „SeSlili oTaxiT“, elene dariani leqsiT – „magiJebs
siTbo“, gr.jafariZe „firuzisferi ocnebebiT“... miyvaran _ tici-
ani, valeriani, kolau, leli jafariZe, lamazad moxatuli orad-
ori sityva: _ „cisferi yanwebi“ da, bolos, SoTa rusTavelis
Cveneuli portreti.
da kidev Jurnalis gamocemis droisa da adgilis maniSnebe-
li ramdenime sityva: „quTaisi, gazafxuli. CSiv“.
am „CSiv“-is Semdeg ukve samoci welia gasuli. guli ki ar
berdeba – isev im cisferi ocnebebiT dadis da xarobs am qveya-
naze.

grigol robaqiZe

grigol robaqiZe im did qarTvelTa pleadas ekuTvnis, rom-

elTa ukvdavi saxelebic SuqurvarskvlaviviT brwyinaven Cveni er-
ovnuli kulturis istoriaSi.
me bedniereba mqonda wlebis ganmavlobaSi megobruli urTi-
erToba mqonoda masTan. amitom Tavs valdebulad vTvli, cota
ram movigono mis Sesaxeb. mosagonari ki arc Tu cota maqvs da
STamomavlobis winaSe saflavSi maTi waReba danaSaulad mimaCnia.
Cemi ganzraxva erTaderTia _ simarTle da mxolod simarT-
le movuTxro momaval Taobas. simarTle ki is gaxlavT, rom gri-
gol robaqiZe araTu moRalate, udidesi patrioti gaxldaT saqa-
rTveloisa, qarTveli xalxisa, misi warsulisa da momavlisa,
misi didi kulturisa Tu mwerlobisa.
134
 am mxriv is sanimuSo moqalaqe gaxldaT.
grigol robaqiZes kargad icnoben, rogorc mwerals, ro-
gorc Zalze gaxmaurebuli romanis – „gvelis perangisa“ da popu-
laruli dramatuli nawarmoebis – „lamaras“ avtors.
magram gansakuTrebiT didi saxeli grigols 1908-1930 wleb-
ma moutana, rodesac mwerali germaniidan dabrunda da quTaissa
da TbilisSi qarTuli mwerlobis sakiTxebis garSemo sajaro
leqciebis qarTul enaze kiTxva daiwyo. diax, qarTul enaze!
Tamamad vityvi, rom im dros grigol robaqiZe TvalsaCino
da uaRresad kolorituli figura iyo, uniWieresi oratori,
saxelganTqmuli mWevrmetyveli, SaravandediT mosili pirovneba.
diax, grigoli gaxldaT udidesi niWis mqone poeti, drama-
turgi da, yvelaferTan erTad _ filosofosic. filosofia misi
ZiriTadi specialoba gaxldaT: man xom laifcihis universitetis
filosofiis fakulteti daamTavra da am dargSi didis warmate-
biT kiTxulobda leqciebs.
ase rom, grigolis saxiT im dros saqarTveloSi erT-erTi
didi pirovneba moRvaweobda.
vTqvi, rom is qarTul enaze kiTxulobda-meTqi leqciebs. zo-
gierTma SeiZleba mkiTxos: aba, ra enaze unda waekiTxa qarTuli
auditoriis winaSeo, magram im dros rusifikatoruli politikis
wyalobiT mTels ruseTis imperiaSi leqciebis kiTxva mxolod
rusul enaze iyo nebadarTuli.
amitom qarTuli ena TiTqmis daviwyebuli gaxldaT. kidec
rom moendomebinaT am enaze sajarod gamosvla, mis aRsrulebas
imdeni winaaRmdegoba Sexvdeboda, rom faqtiurad verc ganxorci-
eldeboda.
diax, saukuneTa manZilze devnili qarTuli ena imdenad daC-
lungda, rom is mxolod „saSinao xmarebisTvisRa“ gamoiyeneboda.
yovelive amis gamo qarTveli xalxi kargavda rwmenas sakuTa-
ri enisadmi da misdauneburad rusulze gadadioda, uromliso-
dac, xalxis azriT, „nabijis gadadgmac ki ar SeiZleboda.“
mokled, qarTuli enis daviwyeba da mospoba istoriulad ga-
rduval procesad aRiqmeboda, da, vin icis, sanamde mividoda
saqme, rom Cveni didi samocianelebis – ilias, akakisa da sxvaTa
moRvaweoba ar wamoSveleboda. swored maT aRimaRles xma qarTu-
li enis uflebaTa dasacavad da igi kvlav daubrunes mSobel
xalxs.
erTaderTi adgili, sadac qarTul enas, Cveni soflebis gar-
da, sulis moTqma SeeZlo, iyo Teatri, Jurnal-gazeTebi. cocxali
sityva anu sajarod gamosvla im drois gasaWirze jer kidev ar
Canda. igi akrZaluli iyo.
da, ai, swored aseT viTarebaSi gamoCnda grigol robaqiZe,
romelmac Cveni xalxis farTo fenebs sajaro leqciebi _ uaRre-
sad saWiro, didi xnis nanatri sulieri sazrdo _ mSobliur qar-
Tul enaze waukiTxa.
Tan rogor kiTxulobda! rogori eniT, diqciiT, mWevrmetyve-
lebiT? –es iyo oratoruli xelovnebis Seudarebeli nimuSi. ase-
Ti Sinaarsis gamosvlebi saqarTveloSi manamde aravis moesmina.
es iyo cxraasiani wlebis pirveli aTeulis miwuruls.
imxanad, e.i. 1908 wels, qarTveli sazogadoebrioba emzadebo-
da didi mgosnis – akaki wereTlis – literaturuli moRvaweobis

135
50 wlisTavis iubilisaTvis. im saRamoze moxsenebis wasakiTxavad
grigol robaqiZe miiwvies, magram gubernatorma mas qarTul ena-
ze gamosvlis neba ar darTo.
ai, imis cocxali magaliTi, Tu rogor epyroboda mefis
xelisufleba qarTul enas!
kidev kargi, rom saqmes gavlenian pirTa Carevam uSvela. pir-
vel rigSi vgulisxmob cnobil generals giorgi yazbegs – we-
ra-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis gamgeobis maSindel
Tavmjdomares. swored misi wyalobiT gamovida axalgazrda gri-
goli qarTul enaze.
robaqiZis mSobliuri enis silamaziTa da mdidruli leqsi-
kiT aRtacebuli sazogadoeba aRfrTovanebas ver malavda. diax,
STabeWdilebam yovelgvar molodins gadaaWarba.
cnobilma mweralma ilia elefTeriZem gazeTSi werilic ki
dabeWda saTauriT: „amomavali mze“.
TviT didi mgosani akaki imdenad aaRelva grigol robaqiZis
am moxsenebam, rom igi wamdauwum imeorebda gulis siRrmidan wam-
osul sityvebs: „aw ganmiteve, meufeo, me mona Seni!“
aseve mWevrmetyvelebis nimuSi iyo grigolis mier vaJa-fSave-
las Semoqmedebisadmi miZRvnili moxsenebac. is leqcia namdvil
Sedevrad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.
gulaxdilad unda iTqvas, rom vaJa-fSavela, rogorc msof-
lio masStabis poeti, romlis Semoqmedeba farTod exmaureba kac-
obriobis maRal idealebs da mxars usworebs Cveni planetis
TiTqmis yvela genios mwerals, Tavdapirvelad grigol robaqiZem
aRmoaCina. pirvelad man Tqva logikurad da mecnierulad dasabu-
Tebuli sityva. me es Zalian kargad maxsovs da amis cocxali
mowmec gaxlavarT. gulaxdilad unda iTqvas, rom vaJa-fSavelas
kulti swored grigol robaqiZis moxsenebis Semdeg damkvidrda.
didi fSaveli ruseTsac man gaacno „Russka% mjsl>“-Si (1911, 8) ga-
moqveynebuli weriliT...
grigol robaqiZis saxeli pirvelad swored 1908 wels akaki
wereTlis iubilis dReebSi gavigone. maSin jer kidev moskovis
universitetSi vswavlobdi da kargad maxsovs is didi mowoneba
da aRtacebuli SeZaxilebi, qarTvel studentTa Soris rom gais-
moda Soreul ruseTSi.
gvainteresebda, vin iyo es axalgazrda ucnobi leqtori, ra
ganaTleba hqonda da misTanani, _ mokled, yvelaferi, rac ki mis
pirovnebasTan iyo dakavSirebuli.
bolos da bolos, gavigeT, rom grigoli zemo imereTidan
iyo, Cxareli glexis Svili; daemTavrebina quTaisis sasuliero
seminaria, ris Semdeg niko nikolaZis, giorgi zdaneviCisa da kita
abaSiZis uSualo xelSewyobiT gaugzavniaT sazRvargareT saswav-
leblad, rogorc WiaTuris Savi qvis mrewvelTa sazogadoebis
stipendianti.
aseTi didi adamianebis erTsulovani mondomeba da maTi saxe-
lis dakavSireba maSin jer kidev sruliad ucnobi axalgazrdis
pirovnebasTan ukve raRacas niSnavda. rogorc Cans, grigol roba-
qiZis xalasi niWi jer kidev seminariis kedlebSi gamJRavnda da
aman qvelmoqmed adamianTa yuramdec miaRwia. amis safuZvelze maT
grigolis momavalic iwinaswarmetyveles da aki arc motyuebul-
an. grigolma warmatebiT daamTavra laifcihis universitetis fi-

136
losofiis fakulteti da didi codniT aRWurvili dabrunda
saqarTveloSi.
rogorc zemoTac vwerdi, man Tavisi leqciebiT male gaiTqva
saxeli, gansakuTrebiT, axalgazrdobaSi. mis pativismcemelTa So-
ris viyaviT me da Cemi Zma griSac.
gagonils TvaliT nanaxi jobiao, da Cvenc guliT vcdilob-
diT masTan Sexvedrasa da saubars, rac 1914 wlis gazafxulze
quTaisSi, cnobili eqimis dimitri nazariSvilis ojaxSi moxda.
es ojaxi metad pativsacem da stumarTmoyvare kerad iTvleboda
mTel qalaqSi da iqauri mowinave inteligenciis TavSeyris adgi-
lad iyo miCneuli.
romel cnobil sazogado moRvawes ar SexvdebodiT am ojax-
Si – adgilobrivsa Tu Camosuls. rogorc Cans, grigol robaqi-
Zec Sinaur kacad iyo miRebuli, magram Tavi mainc misi avtorite-
tis Sesabamisi sidinjiT eWira da xalxic mokrZalebiT eqceoda.
erTi sityviT, grigoli imTaviTve gamoirCeoda Tavisi ganaT-
lebiT, sidarbaisliTa da Rirsebis grZnobiT.
grigoli Tundac imitom iyo sayovelTao aRiarebis Rirsi,
rom did propagandas uwevda qarTul enas, qarTul sityvas da
mas didi xnis winaT dakargul saxelsa da wonas ubrunebda.
es udidesi ram iyo mTeli qarTveli xalxisaTvis. vityvi met-
sac: es iyo namdvili revolucia.
es yovelive grigol robaqiZes didad amaRlebda Cvens Tval-
Si da mas gansakuTrebul moRvawed miviCnevdiT.
swored amitom dRes yoveli Segnebuli qarTveli didad wu-
xs misi saxelis amoSlas qarTuli mwerlobisa da kulturis is-
toriidan. *
imedi unda viqonioT, rom es droebiTi movlenaa da istoria
yvelafers gadaafasebs, yvelafers Tavis adgils miuCens.
grigoli tanad saSualo simaRlisa gaxldaT, Txeli, pirxme-
li, mxrebSi gamarTuli, xolo saxe metad mimzidveli da sasia-
movno hqonda.
did STabeWdilebas axdenda misi Wkviani, metyveli da elvare
Savi Tvalebi; isini TiTqos Cvens sulSi imzirebodnen.
rodesac gaiRimebda da TeTrad Camwkrivebul kbilebs gamoa-
Cenda, gegonebodaT, Tqven irgvliv yvelaferi ganaTdao.
mudam gemovnebiT da faqizad iyo Cacmul-daxurulic.
bunebiT dinji iyo, saubaric dinji, auCqarebeli sCveoda,
siarulic neli icoda. misi xaverdovani baritoniT mJReri sxa-
rti da gonebamaxviluri saubari erT ramed Rirda. namdvil sia-
movnebas aniWebda msmenels.
TxemiT terfamde sufTa da amaRlebuli sulis patroni mSo-
beli qveynis siyvaruliT iyo ,,dasneulebuli”. misTvis saqarT-
velo yvelaferi iyo, misi macocxlebeli da masazrdoebeli. mag-
ram dadga dro, roca is unda gascloda moaxloebul safrTxes.
Tumca ganSorebis sevda tanjavda, mainc imedianad iyo: _ ,,sa-
mSoblos gareT yofna, albaT, didxans ar momixdeba da male
davbrundebi. saqarTvelo Cemi sunTqvaa, Cemi guliscema. umisod
me araraoba var, sxvagan ra gamaZlebinebs...” Cemi azriT, amiT uf-
ro Tavs imxnevebda.

*
am ,,mogonebis” werisasGjer kidev tabudadebuli iyo gr.robaqiZis saxeli.
137
 amis Semdeg ar gasula ori-sami weli, rom CvenSi iseTi xma
dairxa, yuro, nu gaigonebo, rom ityvian: grigol robaqiZe faSis-
tebs mimxrobia da hitleris marjvena xelic ki gamxdarao.
es, ra Tqma unda, Zalze arasasiamovno ram gaxldaT da ra-
gind usafuZvloc unda yofiliyo, CvenSi mainc did aRSfoTebas
iwvevda.
grigol robaqiZe ar yofila iseTi ubralo pirovneba, rom
mis dakargvas ase advilad Seleoda qarTveli xalxi. dakargvas
da Tanac rogors: samarcxvinosa da TavismomWrels. mwerali da
Ralati? samSoblos moyvaruli da gamcemloba?! SeuZlebeli iyo
amis dajereba, magram misi gamamarTlebeli faqtebic rom aravin
icoda!
marTalia, xmebi modioda, rom grigol robaqiZe iqaur
progresul mweralTa Soris idga da es mwerlebi iyvnen Stefan
cvaigi, Tomas mani, romen rolani, marsel brioni da sxvani,
romlebic hitlers opoziciaSi edgnen... magram amqveynad raRa ar
xdeba moulodneli.
Stefan cvaigma grigol robaqiZis germanul enaze gamocemul
romans – „gvelis perangs“ – gulTbili winasityvaoba warumZRva-
ra (“ogonioki,“ 1929 w., # 26), hitleris axlobel mwerals ki Ste-
fan cvaigi Tavis mSvenier winasityvaobas ar Seawevda! mokled,
viyaviT aseT orWoful mdgomareobaSi... magram, rogorc irkveva,
araferi amis msgavsi ar momxdara da mis saxels Cirqi ar mosc-
xebia.

grigol robaqiZe iyo ubralo, nazi grZnobebis patroni, fa-

qizi, uboroto. uyvarda yvelaferi inteligenturi da uCveulo,
originalurs igi TviT CveulebrivSiac xedavda da SeigrZnobda.
erTxel me da Cemi Zma griSa quTaisidan TbilisSi CamovediT;
mgoni, es, 1916 wels unda yofiliyo, prospeqtze miviCqarodiT.
uecrad xalxSi win mimavali grigol robaqiZe SevniSneT. dinjad,
misTvis Cveuli neli nabijebiT miuyveboda quCas. igi aSkarad
gamoirCeoda yvelasagan garegnobiT, ieriT, siarulis maneriT.
gagvixarda misi danaxva da nabijs kidev ufro avuCqareT;
maleve wamovewieT. grigolsac aranakleb esiamovna CvenTan
moulodneli Sexvedra.
_ vah! saidan, megobrebo, ase erTad, rogorc yovelTvis? ra
kargia, rom SegxvdiT!...
laparakiT guli rom vijereT, grigoli axla Cvens arcTu
urigo Cacmulobas daakvirda da rom gaigo, quTaisuri naxelavi
iyo, siamayiT warmoTqva:
_ ai, uyureT quTaiss!... brwyinvale qalaqia quTaisi!...
asec icoda _ yvelaferi moswonda iqauri. Segiqebda, gasia-
movnebda...
Tavad ki evropaSi Sekerili kostumi ecva, pirdapir, iSviaTi
ostatobis nimuSi.
_ eh, Tumca ra dros egenia! – TiTqos ucbad gamoerkva, _ mo-
diT, isev quTaisisa da Tqveni ambavi miTxariT; didi xania, aRar
minaxixarT... aba, Tu gamogicnobT, romeli xar griSa da romeli
– lado. yovelTvis meSlebiT...
da amis Taobaze gulianad icinoda.

138
 gamogvkiTxa Cveni zne-xasiaTisa da bunebis Taviseburebani,
Cveulebrivisagan gansxvavebuli. rogorc fsiqologs, didad ain-
teresebda tyupTa fizikuri da sulieri msgavsebis sakiTxi.
sxvaTa Soris, es pirveli SemTxveva ar iyo. yoveli Sexvedris
dros am sakiTxis irgvliv aucileblad raRac unda ekiTxa, raTa
Cveni pasuxebiT tyupebis, rogorc bunebis iSviaTi fenomenis, mis-
Tvis saidumloebiT moculi sakiTxebi gaerkvia.
erTxel mas romeliRac leqciaSic ki vuxsenebivarT sakuTa-
ri debulebis dasadastureblad imis Sesaxeb, rom tyupebi erTma-
neTs usityvodac ki ugebeno...
aseTi SemTxvevebi Cven, marTlac, gvqonda da es grigols ga-
gonili hqonda Cvengan.

grigol robaqiZes kidev ufro davuaxlovdi da davumegobr-

di 1921-1931 wlebSi, rodesac me saxelgamSi daviwye muSaoba –
pavle sayvareliZesa da aleqsandre abaSelTan erTad.
„saxelgamSi“ sxvadasxva sakiTxebis gasarkvevad xSirad modi-
odnen mwerlebi.
„saxelgami“ – anu saxelmwifo gamomcemloba, moTavsebuli
gaxldaT rusTavelis gazirze (# 22), operis Teatris pirdapir,
wignis maRaziis Tavze, meore sarTulze. metad moxerxebuli ad-
gili iyo mweralTa Sesaxvedrad Tu sagamomcemlo saqmeebze mo-
sasvlelad. beWdviT saqmes poeti nikolo miwiSvili ganagebda.
Cveni dawesebuleba namdvili mweralTa klubi iyo, maTi Tav-
Sesafari. kargad maxsovs, yovel mweralTan saqmeebiT Tu megob-
ruli urTierTobiT viyavi dakavSirebuli, rac did sulier kma-
yofilebas mgvrida. eseni iyvnen: daviT suliaSvili, mixeil java-
xiSvili, daviT kasraZe, grigol robaqiZe, geronti qiqoZe, Tedo
saxokia, Sio mRvimeli, aristo WumbaZe, Salva dadiani, konstan-
tine gamsaxurdia, mamed-beg abaSiZe, pavle ingoroyva, galaktion
tabiZe, sandro SanSiaSvili, ioseb griSaSvili, giorgi quCiSvili,
konstantine WiWinaZe, paolo iaSvili, tician tabiZe, valerian
gafrindaSvili, sergo kldiaSvili, iona vakeli, iakinTe lisaSvi-
li da sxvebi.
iSviaTad Semoivlidnen xolme ufrosi Taobis mwerlebic: va-
sil barnovi, daviT kldiaSvili da TavianTi darbaisluri
baasiT gvatkbobdnen.
mwerlebma „saxelgamSi“ siaruls kidev ufro mouxSires, ro-
desac sursaT-sanovagis naklebobis gamo warmoeba-dawesebulebe-
bSi muSa-mosamsaxureebze siiT papirosis gayidva SemoiRes.
CvenTan papirosisa da sxva sanovagis misaRebad, muSa-mosamsa-
xureTa garda, mwerlebic moamagres, romlebic arsad ar msaxur-
obdnen. siaSi mxolod imaT werdnen, vinc TuTuns eweoda, radgan
siZviris gamo misi bazarze Sovna TiTqmis SeuZlebeli iyo. im ga-
WirvebaSi aramweveli patiosani mSromeli kacic mwevlebSi ewera,
radgan mere papirosis sanacvlod da safasuriT is sxva saxis
sursaT-sanovages iZenda.
marTalia, arc grigol robaqiZe eweoda, magram papirosis si-
aSi isic Caewera da mTxova, ukeTu raime mizeziT romelime dRes
gamomcemlobaSi ver movidoda, misi kuTvnili norma me ameRo.

139
 magram grigoli, rogorc yvela sxva saqmeSi, did akuratu-
lobas iCenda da yoveldRe Semodioda CemTan misi wili papiro-
sis misaRebad.
magram erT dRes grigoli ar movida. es metad meucnaura. ar
movida arc meore da arc mesame dRes. Sevwuxdi da is iyo, mis
sanaxavad wasvlas vapirebdi (cxovrobda axlandel kote mayaSvi-
lis quCaze, TofuriZis saxlSi), rom moulodnelad misi werili
miviRe: „Tbilisi. rusTavelis pr. „saxelgami“. lado jafariZes".
gulze momeSva: madloba RmerTs, avad ar yofila-meTqi, _ vifiqre
CemTvis.
„Zvirfaso lado, _ mwerda grigoli, _ guSin gamoveqec Tbi-
lisis sicxes. papirosebi dapirebisamebr damigrove. „Literat.
gazeta“ – fostiT. momikiTxe yvela. misamarTi: kojori. qvemo gza-
tkecili. agaraki soSCenkosi. Seni grigol robaqiZe.“
ai, Turme ra yofila grigolis mousvlelobis mizezi!
aseTi didi deficitis gamo usiamovnebac xSirad gvqonda
xolme, zogjer – komikuri.
rogorc adgilkomis Tavmjdomare, am saqmes me ganvagebdi.
erTxel CemTan TanamSromeli qali Semovida, romelsac savaWro
organizaciidan siis mixedviT papirosis motana hqonda davalebu-
li da daxmareba mTxova. moxuci qali iyo. rogorc Canda, gaWir-
vebas moeyvana am saqmeze. Canda, rom warmoSobiT didgvarovani
unda yofiliyo da, rom vkiTxe, „gruzinskaia“ aRmoCnda. qarTuli
ar icoda, radgan ruseTSi iyo gazrdili da iq nacxovrebi. rome-
liRac batoniSvilis STamomavali unda yofiliyo. SevekiTxe: _
ra iyo, qalbatono, ram SegawuxaT-meTqi?
gamoirkva, rom papiross sTxovs viRac ucnobi kaci, romelic
siaSi ar uweria.
-Trebuet, skandalit, a u men% ego v spiske net. Ego famili%
Sezman. Vero%tno, evrey!...
_ fxui! – sicili waskda saSa abaSels, _ sezman erTawmind-
els gaujavrebiao...
iyo im dros aseTi adamiani, Zalian kargi pirovneba.
marTlac ase gamodga: oRond sezmani saxeli iyo da ara gva-
ri.
„sezmani“ gamyidvels gvari hgonebia da amitomac siaSi ver
moeZebna. amis gamo mTxovnels, cxadia, Tavaziani uari uTxra. es
ki sezmans ar mouTmenia da amtydara erTi vaiuSvelebeli. saqmeSi
pavle sayvareliZec Caeria, mas nikolo miwiSvili da akaki gvaxa-
riac wamoeSvelnen. yvelaferi gairkva, „sezmanis“ magivrad, siaSi
„erTawmindeli“ monaxa da kuTvnili papirosic udavidarabod ga-
daeca. sicili moedo yvelas: sezmansac da Cvenc. moxucma qalma
moibodiSa, magram is ki ver gaego namdvilad, Tu ratom atarebda
sezmani aseT ucnaur saxels.
erTxel, papirosTan dakavSirebiT aseTi baraTic mogvivida:
„pavles, an saSas, an lados, _ gvwerda Salva SaraSiZe, iumoris-
ti mwerali, metad simpaTiuri da sayvareli adamiani, mwerlobaSi
„Tagunas“ fsevdonimiT cnobili, _ „Zmao pavle, an Zmao saSa, an
Zmao lado, an samive! gevedrebiT, gaikiTxoT davrdomili,
sneuli, papirosi miwyalobeT, aTeuli rveuli. vwuxvar, vkvnesi,
arvina myavs mwyalobeli, momvleli, fexi mtkiva, papirosebs
wamaliviT moveli.

140
 Tqveni S.SaraSiZe.
aba, Tqven iciT, Tu miSoviT ramdenime papiross.“
ai, aseTi gaWirveba iyo maSin Tambaqozec da amitom yvela
cdilobda, Tavisi norma ar dahkargvoda.
grigol robaqiZisa da Tagunas orTave baraTs dRemde siyva-
ruliT vinaxav Cems saqaRaldeebSi.

quTaisSi, eqim dimitri nazariSvilis ojaxSi Sexvedris Sem-

deg, grigol robaqiZesTan Cveni nacnoboba megobrobaSi gadaizar-
da, gansakuTrebiT 1915 wlidan, roca quTaisel axalgazrda lit-
eratorTa da poetTa wreSi mixdeboda yofna.
is udidesi siyvaruliTa da pativiscemiT sargeblobda, rog-
orc aRiarebuli sazogado moRvawe, poeti, mWevrmetyveli da
rogorc namdvili evropeli saqarTveloSi.
grigol robaqiZem didi monawileoba miiRo paolo iaSvilisa
da misi poeturi wris Jurnal „cisferi yanwebis“ gamocemaSi, did
daxmarebas uwevda am wres, iyo misi ideuri xelmZRvaneli da, Se-
iZleba iTqvas, beladic ki.
rogorc Cans, yovelive es Cveni qveynis gareTac ki iyo cnob-
ili, radgan grigols „cisferi yanwebis“ Teoretikosadac ki asa-
xeleben. aq minda davimowmo estoneTSi gamocemuli wigni: „Skvoz>
godj i rassto%ni%,“ romlis avtoria s.isakovi da dabeWdilia
qalaq talinSi 1969 wels. s.isakovi mimoixilavs tartus (igive
iurievis) universitetis studentTa cxovrebas da, sxvaTa Soris,
iqaur qarTvel studentTa saTvistomos cxovrebasac exeba, kerZ-
od, im wlebs, roca iq 1910-1914 wlebSi grigol robaqiZec swavl-
obda. man xom germaniaSi yofnis Semdeg tartus universitetic
daamTavra!...
me Tavs nebas mivcem, amoviwero grigolze arsebuli cnobebi
am wignidan, radgan isini udavod sainteresoa: „V sostave
zeml%qestva (gruzinskogo – l.j.) okazalos> sil>noe literaturnoe
%dro, vklhqavwee neskol>ko pisateley. Samjm krupnjm iz nix bjl
Gr.Robakidze, odin iz vo[dey gruzinskogo simvolizma, teoretik
izvestnoy literaturnoy organizacii ,,Golubje rogi“.
avtori vrclad laparakobs gr.robaqiZis literaturul mo-
Rvaweobaze saqarTveloSi da SeniSnavs: „Nezadolgo do smerti
Gr.Robakidze predprin%l wagi k ustanovlenih sv%zi s rodinoy.
V sovetskom literaturovedenii issledovanie tvorqestva Gr.ro-
bakidze tol>ko naqinaets%.“
Tavis werils s.isakovi ase amTavrebs: „V nekrologax, po%viv-
wixs% v zapadnoy peqati posle ego smerti v 1962 godu, Gr.Robakidze
nazjvali da[e klassikom mirovoy literaturj.“
wyarod miTiTebuli aqvs 1963 wels q.tartuSi gamosuli mso-
flio literaturis leqsikoni: „Lexikon der weltliteratur“.
me arasodes damaviwydeba Cveni sasiqadulo mwerlis daviT
kldiaSvilis sityvebic:
_ gasaocaria, batono, gasaocari! – ityoda xolme igi, imde-
nad STagonebuli gaxldaT grigolis niWis ZlierebiT. am Tavis
SeZaxilze raimes damatebas igi ukve zedmetad miiCnevda.
axalgazrdoba da, gansakuTrebiT, „cisferyanwelTa“ ordenis
wevrebi Cveuli moridebiT eqceodnen, rogorc gamorCeul pirov-
nebas.

141
 grigol robaqiZe yvela Tavis Tayvanismcemels Tavadac did-
is TavazianobiT eqceoda.
grigoli aqebda „yanwelTa“ leqsebs, xSirad zepiradac war-
moTqvamda xolme calkeul striqonebs, magram Tavis nawerebze ar
maxsovs, rodesme raime eTqvas. arada, nawerebi grigol robaqiZes
sakmaod bevri hqonda, calke wignad gamocemuli ki – mxolod
sami piesa: „londa“, „malStremi“ da „lamara“. 1926 wels gamovida
misi „gvelis perangi“, magram, rogorc misi pirveli piesebis wig-
ni, es ukanasknelic Zalze mcire tiraJiT iyo gamocemuli: 3 aTa-
si calis raodenobiT. da imave 20-ian wlebSi isini ukve bibliog-
rafiul iSviaTobas warmoadgendnen. Cemda iRblad, pirveli wigni
adreve SeviZine, meore ki Tavad grigolma misaxsovra Tavisi avt-
ografiT: „Zvirfas lado jafariZes. grigol robaqiZe. Tbilisi...
1930, oqtomberi.“ am dros xsenebuli wignis Sovna bazarze ukve
SeuZlebeli iyo.
im dros grigol robaqiZes kidev gamocemuli aqvs „Portre-
tj“ da broSuris saxiT – „baqo da haiastani“, romelic mwerlis
baqosa da erevanSi mogzaurobis STabeWdilebaTa Sedegad aris
dawerili.
rac Seexeba mis leqsebs, agreTve kritikul narkvevebs qarT-
vel da ucxoel mwerlebze, werilebs esTetikur problemebze,
isini calke wignebad arasodes yofila gamoqveynebuli da sxva-
dasxva periodul gamocemebSia gabneuli.
grigol robaqiZis nawerebi didi popularobiT sargeblobda,
Tumca misi zepiri gamosvlebi gacilebiT ufro STambeWdavi iyo.
didi mwerlis saxeli romanma „gvelis perangma“ daumkvidra,
xolo dafnis gvirgvini piesa „lamaram“ daadga, romelic sandro
axmetelma ganaxorciela rusTavelis Teatris scenaze 1926 wels.
„lamaras“ gamoCenam yovelgvar molodins gadaaWarba. man im-
denad moxibla mayurebeli, rom yoveli misi dadgma namdvili
dResaswauli iyo, xolo, roca 1930 wels sruliad sakavSiro
Teatralur olimpiadaze aCvenes moskovSi, iseTi aRfrTovaneba
gamoiwvia, rom rvajer gaameorebines moskovSi da rvajerve uam-
ravi mayurebeli hyavda.
mis erT-erT dadgmas stalinic ki daeswro; iq iyvnen agreTve
sazRvargareTeli stumrebi, Jurnalistebic. darbazi grgvinavda
Turme da mTeli es warmodgena namdvili saxalxo dResaswaulis
elfers iZenda.
niu-iorkis Teatris „vassari“-is direqtori sandro axmetel-
is misamarTiT gamogzavnil misalmebaSi werda: „lamara“ me momeC-
vena sruliad araCveulebriv warmodgenad. musika, cekva, msaxio-
bis moqmedeba harmoniuladaa Serwymuli scenasTan, romelic
erTsa da imave dros warmoadgens mxatvrobasac da gabedul ar-
qiteqturasac...“
Tavad grigol robaqiZec didad afasebda „lamaras“,ambobda
xolme: „marTalia, me aRar viqnebi odesme, magram „lamara“ xom
iqneba!...“ marTalic iyo: „lamara“ arasodes mokvdeba arc qarTul
mwerlobaSi da arc Teatris scenaze.
me araerTxel davswrebivar mis warmodgenas da mudam suliT
amaRlebuli da ganspetakebuli gamovsulvar Teatridan.
sul sxva Sinaarsisa da xasiaTis iyo grigol robaqiZis
meore piesa – „malStremi“.

142
 Rirseba uTuod didi hqonda: samjer Tu oTxjer mainc daid-
ga rusTavelis saxelobis TeatrSi, darbazi mudam xalxiT iyo
gaWedili. piesas saTanadod afasebdnen recenzentebi evropuli
masStabiTac ki. mayurebels xiblavda piesis siaxle da jadoqari
kote marjaniSvilisagan misTvis Cadgmuli namdvili sasceno
suli.
„aprilis sami Cveni ganaxlebuli scenis sruli gamarjveba
iyo, _ werda cnobili mwerali da sazogado moRvawe ivane gomar-
Teli, _ Cvens winaSe qarTuli scena ki ar iyo, aramed evropuli
Tavidan bolomde; da me, rogorc qarTveli eris Svilma da moqa-
laqem, sruli siamaye vigrZeni. Zmoba da erToba didi ram aris,
magram mis salaroSi xelcarieli Sesvla saSinelebaa. „malStre-
mis“ dadgmam ki sruliad damarwmuna, rom Cven ara Tu ar Camovu-
vardebiT evropas, gaTanasworebisa da zogierT xazebSi gaswre-
bis niWi da SesaZleblobac mogvepoveba.
piesaSi, _ ganagrZobs ivane gomarTeli, _ eqvsi moqmedebaa
sxvadasxva ideebiT, magram yvela maTgani agebulia krialosani-
viT erT mTavar azrze. es azria – burJuaziuli kulturis sru-
li gaTaxsireba da gadagvareba. burJuaziulma kulturam daiviw-
ya ideali, adamianis mowodeba, misi mizani, absoluti-maradiuli
da daemorCila fuls, gaamefa relativi warmavali da yovelisfe-
ri gadaaqcia manqanad...
avtori am piesas fantasmagorias uwodebs qvesaTaurSi da
marTlac, Tavisi saxiT is metad originaluria; arc misteria
aris, arc drama, arc tragedia, arc komedia da ufro „gadaxlar-
Tvaa“ yovelgvari skolisa da mimarTulebisa, romelSiac rea-
lizms cvlis romantizmi, tragikuls – komikuri; erTi suraTi
cremlis tba aris, meore – sicilis Sadrevani.
piesis ena, _ daaskvnis i.gomarTeli, _ rogorc gr.robaqiZis
sxva nawerebSi, daxvewilia da dawmendili.“

1931 wlidan grigol robaqiZe germaniaSi cxovrobs da iqauri

kulturis, iqauri xalxis stumarTmoyvareobiT sargeblobs, mag-
ram mTeli misi gulisyuri, misi yuradReba mainc misi sayvareli
samSobloskenaa mipyrobili. ocnebobda samSobloSi dabrunebaze
da Tavis adamianur, moqalaqeobriv movaleobas wuTiTac ar iviw-
yebda.
igi, marTalia, germanulad werda, magram nawerebis Sinaarsi
saqarTvelosadmi did siyvarulzea agebuli. mwerali saqarTvel-
oTi sunTqavda da saqarTvelo iyo misi daucxromeli sulis mar-
adiuli Relva.
aviRoT Tundac romani „mcvelni gralisa.“ momyavs amonaweri
Jurnalidan „bedi qarTlisa“ *: „Tvali Casula mtevanSi“ – romanis
engadi. im vazis lerwebidan, romelTac es mtevani gamousxamT,
wminda ninos jvari gamouWria da igi Tavis TmebiT Seuxvevia. mi-
Tiuri nawili: JamTa ubedurebisa vazis jvars mtevnebi gamouRia.
am mtevnebidan zedaSi raindebs SeunaxavT TasiT. es Tasi „gra-
li“-a saqarTvelos guli. igi mcvelTa xelSia, romelnic mas
inaxaven. wveTi diddeba nel-nela, uCinarad. diddeba rwmenac da
imedic saqarTvelos ukeTesi momavlisa.“
*
istoriuli, literaturuli da samecniero krebuli #47, parizi 1964w.
143
 _ unda aRiniSnos, _ SeniSnavs Jurnalis redaqtori kale sa-
lia, _ rom „gralis mcvelni“-s moqmedni pirni arian namdvilni
da ara gamogonilni. grigols surda maTi vinaobis gaxsna erT-
-erT nomerSi Cveni Jurnalisa saTanado werilis darTviT. mas es
ar dascalda. Cven vasrulebT mis survils:
odiliani – paolo iaSvili; avala – tician tabiZe; mamia od-
iSvili – Salva dadiani; mzisafar – apolon wulaZe; daTa da ko-
sta – Zmani jafariZeni, lado da griSa (tyupebi); hiddir –
mamed-beg abaSiZe; saRara – mfrinavi saRaraZe; s.o. – sergo orjo-
nikiZe; aiSa – aisori gogona; Savdia – lavrenti beria; legi –
levan RoRoberiZe; besia – Saqro falavandiSvili; marjani – ko-
te marjaniSvili; uSang – uSangi CxeiZe; xorav – akaki xorava;
vassa – akaki vasaZe; vano - iakob nikolaZe (gamoyvanilia, rogorc
mxatvari); sandro – vano naniSvili (mrokavi); yarangozi –
yarangoziSvili (mrokavi) da muSni dadiani...“

grigol robaqiZes didad uqebdnen qarTul enas, magram man,

qarTulis garda, germanulica da rusuli enebic brwyinvaled
icoda, erTnairad flobda orives.
60-ian wlebSi, grigol robaqiZis gardacvalebis Semdeg, sa-
jaro biblioTekaSi me gavecani zemoT xsenebul Jurnals – „bedi
qarTlisa“, saidanac minda amovwero zogierTi adgili imis Sesa-
xeb, Tu rogor srulyofilad iyo dauflebuli is germanul
enas.
cnobili poeti frank mariuni grigols swerda: „gancvifre-
buli vdgevar gasaocari SeTvisebis winaSe, romliTac Tqven ger-
manuli ena da poeturi gamoTqmis saSualebani jer miuRwevel,
arnaxul doneze aiyvaneT sxva enaTa Soris; Cemi gulwrfeli
rwmenaa, rom rilkes Semdeg ase srulyofili araferi gamosula
germanul enaze.“
meore cnobili germaneli poeti, homerosis mTargmneli, an-
tikuri msoflios mkvlevari t.fon-Seferi ki ase werda: „Zvirfa-
so maestro! ra SesaniSnavia Tqveni Sairi „mokvdavi arwivi!“ rog-
or SesZeliT Tqven, ucxoelma, Cveni rTuli enis esoden amaRle-
ba, rasac TviT germanelic ki ver SeZlebda?... me SemSurdeboda
Tqveni geniisa, Surianobisadmi raime midrekileba rom mqondes,
magram, radgan es ara maqvs, isRa damrCenia mxolod, aRfrTovane-
buli viyo TqveniT.“
sxvaTa Soris, Jurnali „bedi qarTlisas“ 1964 wlis 47-e
nomeri mTlianad grigol robaqiZis xsovnisadmia miZRvnili.
axla imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor flobda is rusul enas.
im dros sxvadasxva xasiaTis werilebs is xSirad beWdavda
rusul JurnalebSi, romelTac xels awerda fsevdonimiT _
„Gr.Robakidze-Kavkasieli.“ araCveulebrivi iyo misi gamoCenil rus
mweralTa portretebi, romelTac saocari poeturi ferebiT xa-
tavda.
1919 wels grigol robaqiZem es nawerebi calke wignad gamos-
ca TbilisSi (Gr.Robakidze – Portretj. Vjpusk pervjy, T. 1919),
sadac gamoqveynebulia petre Caadaevis, mixeil lermontovis, vas-
il rozanovisa da andrei belis poeturi portretebi. araferi
sjobs am wignis kiTxvas. es proza ki ara, namdvili poeziaa! xal-

144
asi, ankara, kriala poezia! iSviaTi silamazisa da siRrmis rusu-
li ena! am wigns avtori uZRvnis did ruseTs: „Strane, gde v besp-
redel>njx step%x sljwen dalekiy gul apokaliptiqeskix koney.
Rossii +ti razdum>% gruzinskiy po+t lhbovno posv%\aet.“
Cems ojaxur biblioTekaSi SemomrCa grigol robaqiZis xse-
nebuli „portretebi“ da Tavisufal dros udidesi siamovnebiT
vkiTxulob mas.
samwuxarod, dRes es wigni bibliografiuli iSviaTobaa da
yvelas ara aqvs misi wakiTxvis saSualeba.
grigol robaqiZis mWevrmetyvelebis aRiareba gaxldaT pet-
rogradSi ilia WavWavaZis xsovnisadmi miZRvnili misi sityviT
aRtacebuli didi rusi mecnieris maqsim kovalevskis Sefaseba:
„kidec rom ar gvcodnoda saqarTvelosa da misi kulturuli
cxovrebis mravalsaxeoba da sidiade, sakmao iyo mogvesmina yov-
lad niWieri Wabukis grigol robaqiZis saucxoo sityva, rom ga-
daWriT gveTqva: „im ers, romelsac aseTi axalgazrda Taoba
hyavs, didebuli mermisi moelis!“
mere da vin iyo Tavad maqsim kovalevski? – saxelganTqmuli
rusi mecnieri, sociologi, rusulis brwyinvale mcodne da ara-
Cveulebrivi oratori. me araerTxel momismenia misi leqciebi
sociologiaze q.moskovSi da mudam usazRvro kmayofilebiT mav-
sebda misi brZnuli, araCveulebrivad poeturi gamosvlebi.

grigol robaqiZis araCveulebrivma niWma da Semoqmedebam be-

vri mwerali boRmiTa da SuriT aavso. zogierTma ganqiqeba dauw-
yo: _ vin aris bolos da bolos grigol robaqiZe, ra Rvawli
muZRvis Cveni eris winaSe?! _ magram aseT vai-kritikosebs Tavad
dro aZlevs sakadris pasuxs.
grigoli moSurneebs didad ar aqcevda yuradRebas da mimte-
veblurad olimpiuri simaRlidan dascqerda maT.
grigoli „susti“ mxolod mxatvruli nawarmoebis kiTxvis
dros iyo. raRac Tu moewoneboda, maSinve Tvalze cremli moad-
geboda. aseT zemoqmedebas axdenda, magaliTad, vaJa-fSavelas le-
qsi „fSaveli jariskacis werili,“ rasac Tavadac aRiarebda
erT-erT werilSi:
„ramdenjer maqvs wakiTxuli „fSaveli jariskacis werili,“
ucremlod ver wamikiTxavs! mTel saqarTvelos vgrZnob aq, viTar
cocxal arss.“
masze didi STabeWdileba mouxdenia JenevaSi qarTvel mocek-
vaveTa ansamblis gamosvlas, romelsac n.ramiSvili da i.suxiSvi-
li xelmZRvaneloben. igi ansamblis yvela warmodgenas daswrebia
da maT koncertebs aRfrTovanebuli weriliT gamoxmaurebia: „qa-
rTuli genia rokviT ganfenili.“
qarTul balets grigol robaqiZe „jiSis balets,“ „rasis ba-
lets“ uwodebda.
„mocekvaveTa dasSi arc erTi vaJi araa niJinski, arc erTi qa-
li _ pavlova. xolo, vera-romeli niJinski icekvebs, magaliTad,
„qarTuls“ ise, rogorc cekvavs amas romelime vaJi am dasisa.
verca-romeli pavlova gahyveba mocekvave vaJs, magaliTad, imave
„qarTulSi“ ise, rogorc amas asrulebs romelime qali uwyebuli

145
dasiTgan. es imitom, rom: qarTuli baleti aris baleti jiSis,
rassis.“
am werilis Semdeg gr.robaqiZes didxans aRar ucocxlia.
sainteresoa mwerlis anderZic, romelic aq SemoklebiT mom-
yavs:
„Cemma mkiTxvelma icis, Tu rogor mesaxvis me mcxeTa, igi
wminda saSoa Cveni miwis. iq egulebodaT Cvens Zvelebs saflavi
kardusi, mcxeTis midamoebSi airCies Zvelad mogvebma erTi adgi-
li: iq adidebdnen da Tayvans scemdnen isini mzesa da cecxls.
mcxeTis ubeSi miviReT Cven qristes sjuli... aqve mtkicdeboda
xelmwifoba saqarTvelosi...
Cemi natvraa: roca me am soflad aRar viqnebi, midiodes vin-
me qarTveli deda yovel wels mcxeTas, mwifobis, Cemi dabadebis
TveSi *, sanTels aanTebdes pawa salocavis win da locviT axse-
nebdes Cems saxels. mets aras vTxov saqarTvelos.“

grigol robaqiZe gardaicvala 1962 wels, Semodgomaze da

misi neSti gadasvenebul iqna parizSi qarTvelTa koloniis sasa-
flaoze. JenevaSi aResrula, parizSi hpova samudamo savane.
„1962 wlis noembris 19-s samudamod gamogveTxova... didi qar-
Tveli poeti da moazrovne grigol robaqiZe, _ wers rudolf
karmani, cnobili germaneli mwerali Tavis mimoxilvaSi „grigol
robaqiZe da miTosis aRorZineba.“ _ Tavisi sicocxlis ukanasknel
wuTamde grigol robaqiZe iyo gonebiT da suliT Zlieri. golia-
TiviT amaRlebuli...
mwerali dawvrilebiT aRwers gr.robaqiZis Semoqmedebas da
dasZens: „misi nawerebi, uwinares yovlisa, gansxvavdebian TavianTi
originalobiT. isini itaceben mkiTxvelebs TavianTi momajadoebe-
li sityvebiT, ferebis siuxviT da amomavali mzis cecxlovani
sxivebiT. misi Semoqmedeba gardaiqca, viTarca simbolo qarTuli
literaturisa, romelmac saTanado da jerovani adgili daikava
msoflio literaturaSi...
rabindranaT Tagoris saxeli iyo pirveli saxeli, romelic
aRmosavleTidan dasavleTSi SemoSuqda. mas mosdevda grigol
robaqiZe, ufro pirvelqmnili, ufro dakavSirebuli bunebasTan,
vidre nobelis premiis matarebeli indoeli.
Cven, dasavleTevropelebs, grigol robaqiZem gadagviSala
qarTuli miwa, misi madli, misi sisxli, sunTqva qarTuli miwisa,
misi SoreTidan momdinare zRapruli ferebi.“
da bolos werils ase amTavrebs:
„rogorc yvela didi, droiT ganusazRvreli naqmi, grigol
robaqiZis Semoqmedeba marad awmyoa da ukvdavi...“
Cveni qveynis aseTi saxelovani Svilis fasdaudebel Semoqme-
debas, romelmac evropac ki aalaparaka, me vfiqrob, codvad
CagveTvleba, Tu samzeoze ar gamovitanT.

*
oqtomberi
146
 Cemi drois Tbilisi

1921 wlis damdegi iyo. me im dros demokratiuli saqarTve-

los sagareo saqmeTa saministroSi vmuSaobdi. maSin axali Camo-
suli viyavi baqodan da gulis tkiviliT vadevnebdi Tvalyurs
Tbilisis misadgomebTan warmoebul brZolebs. xolo roca 25
Tebervals Cveulebisamebr samsaxurSi mivedi, iq oriode TanamS-
romeliRa damxvda, maT Soris poeti aleqsandre abaSeli da cno-
bili germaneli qarTvelologi arTur laisti; isini oblebiviT
isxdnen TavianT magidebTan da daRvremilebma ar icodnen, ra saq-
mes sweodnen. mec maT mivemate. darbazi areul-dareuli iyo, iata-
kze qaRaldebi eyara, wignebic uwesrigod mimoefantaT magidebze.
Canda, saministro gaxiznuliyo da dalagebisaTvis aravis eca-
la.
sagareo saqmeTa saministro moTavsebuli iyo Sio CitaZis qu-
Caze, sam Tu oTxsarTulian saxlSi, romelic im dros erT-erT
saukeTeso sacxovreblad iTvleboda TbilisSi; mTavrobis Tavmjd-
omaresac aq edo bina...
is iyo, sxva samsaxurze daviwye fiqri, rom moulodnelad saq-
me sxvagvarad warimarTa: erT dRes saxlSi mewvia Cemi foTeli me-
gobari, cnobili inJineri andria kacitaZe, romelic axal xelis-
uflebas saqarTvelos rkinigzebis ufrosad daeniSna. man am
uwyebas daqvemdebarebuli saswavleblis saswavlo nawilis gamgis
Tanamdeboba SemomTavaza. mas kargad xsomebia Cemi maswavleblad
muSaoba foTis vaJTa gimnaziaSi.
maSin pirveli maisis quCaze vcxovrobdi, axali samsaxuri ki
klara cetkinis # 200 saxlSi iyo moTavsebuli da amis gamo cota
Sori meCvena, magram uari veRar vuTxari da saqmesac mondomebiT
Sevudeqi.
ar damaviwydeba Cemi pirveli Sexvedra da Semdeg saqmiani dam-
okidebuleba skolis gamgeebTan, romelTa Soris aRmoCndnen iseTi
cnobili maswavleblebi, rogorebic iyvnen nino ZiZiguri, vladi-
mer kandelaki, evgeni xoStaria, giorgi CixlaZe da sxvebi. maT gve-
rdiT Tavs mSobliur garemoSi vgrZnobdi.
rasakvirvelia, samsaxurSi tramvaiT davdiodi, radgan sxva
transporti qalaqSi arc arsebobda, garda kerZo faetonebisa.
avtomanqanebi, marTalia, Canda aqa-iq, magram iSviaTad; am
privilegiiT mxolod mTavrobis xalxi an didi dawesebulebebis
xelmZRvanelebi Tu sargeblobdnen.
tramvais xazi viwroliandagiani iyo da, Sesabamisad, vagone-
bic _ viwro da momcro.
miuxedavad amisa, ar maxsovs xalxiT gaWedili vagonebi. mo-
rig gaCerebaze mgzavrebi Tavisuflad adiodnen. mosacdelTan
TiTqmis aravin rCeboda, arc gaCerebaze WirdebodaT didxans cda.
mgzavroba Sauri Rirda, magram erT dros fasi gaaormages da
axla Sauri mxolod vagzlidan kirkis (dRevandeli marjaniSvili)
moednamde Rirda, aqedan erevnis moednamde _ kidev erTi Sauri. ase
rom, dRevandelTan SedarebiT, tramvaiT mgzavroba gacilebiT
Zviri Rirda.
aseve xdeboda Cemi studentobis dros moskovSic da amitom
xSirad ramdenimekilometrian gzas studentebi fexiT gavdiodiT.
amiT Cven kapikebs vzogavdiT da Semdeg wignebs vyidulobdiT
147
xolme. ubileTo mgzavroba SeuZlebeli ki ara, TiTqmis warmoud-
geneli iyo.
samsaxurSi misasvlelad erevnis moednidan vagzlis moednam-
de mixdeboda mgzavroba, amitom qalaqis im nawils tramvais fan-
jrebidan gavecani.
erevnis moedani dRevandel leninis * moedans erqva, magram uf-
ro momcro iyo, radgan misi didi nawili qarvaslis uzarmazar
Senobas ekava.
Cemamde iq eniT auwereli talaxi iyo Turme, Cems ymawvilka-
cobaSi ki golovinis prospeqtsa da sxva mTavar quCebze ukve qva-
fenili ego.
erevnis moednidan rkinigzis sadguramde tramvai rusTavelis
gamziris gavliT miemarTeboda, magram Tavad gamziri dRevandeli
leninis moednidan ki ara, mefisnacvlis (dRes – pionerTa) sasax-
lidan iwyeboda, xolo moedansa da sasaxles Soris patara, magram
lariviT swori quCa gadioda _ sufTa, koxta da lamazi, mdidari
Tavisi maRaziebiT. namdvili gamziri TbilisSi swored es quCa
iyo, oRond gamziris nacvlad „sasaxlis quCa“ erqva.
Tu raime qarTuli iyo maSindel TbilisSi, am quCaze iyrida
Tavs: qarTuli Teatri (dRes griboedovis saxelobis Teatri), yve-
la qarTuli ojaxisaTvis didad popularuli qarTuli klubi; qa-
rTvel Tavad-aznaurTa qarvasla, qarTvelTa Soris wera-kiTxvis
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoeba, daviT sarajiSvilis saxlebi, gazeT
„cnobis furclis“ redaqcia, wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazoga-
doebis biblioTeka da sxva aseTebi...
sxvaTa Soris, am quCidan warmoTqva Tavisi istoriuli sityva
akaki wereTelma ilia WavWavaZis cxedris win zRva xalxis Tandas-
wrebiT 1907 wels.
aseve patara iyo maSindeli namdvili gamziri, romelic sasax-
lidan iwyeboda da griboedovis asaxvevTan mTavrdeboda. amis Sem-
deg ukve sxva viwro, patar-patara maRaziebiTa da duqnebiT savse
„olginskaias“ quCaze gavdiodiT. is gaivlida mWidrod dasaxle-
bul patara moedans, romelsac dRemde SemorCa saxeli _ „zemeli“,
iqve, kuTxis saxlis pirvel sarTulze erT dros moTavsebuli
germaneli provizoris _ zemelis afTiaqis misaniSneblad damkvid-
rebuli.
aqedan gadioda sxva quCa, romelic bozarjiancis TuTunis
fabrikamde (dRevandeli abreSumis fabrika) grZeldeboda, xolo
fabrikis iqiT dausaxlebeli da verani adgilebi iwyeboda.
zemelis Semdeg olRas quCa bolomde gacilebiT ukeT iyo mo-
wyobili. man Tavisi saxe TiTqmis ucvlelad Semoinaxa bolomde,
sarajiSvilis koniakis qarxnis gamoklebiT, romelic ukve aRebu-
lia da mis adgilze amJamad „komunistis“ redaqciis Senobaa aR-
marTuli.
tramvai „zemelTan“ marjvniv, veris daRmarTTan Cauxvevda da
veris xidis gavliT mixeilis (dRes plexanovis) † gamzirze gadi-
oda.
veris daRmarTi imxanad, rogorc Tbilisis bevri viwro quCa,
Tavidan bolomde duqnebiTa da jixurebiT iyo gadatenili.
sakvirvelia, iq rogor Tavsdeboda tramvais liandagi...
*
axla: Tavisuflebis moedani
†
amJamad: daviT aRmaSeneblis
148
 es siviwrove imdenad damaxasiaTebeli iyo maSindeli Tbili-
sisaTvis, rom arc ki igrZnoboda.
mogvianebiT orjer Tu metad gaganierda veris daRmarTi;
daangries erTmaneTze Sexorxlili qoxmaxebi, duqnebi da igi
siganiT TiTqmis rusTavelis gamzirsac ki gautolda. moxda veris
xidis rekonstruqcia, romlis daqaneba xidis sworma zedapirma
Seamcira.
voroncovis moedani im wlebSi axleburad gadakeTda. mis Sua-
gulSi maRal kvarcxlbekze mefisnacval voroncovis Zegli idga
piriT mTawmindisaken mibrunebuli da gars moajiri ertya. is kla-
sikur stilSi iyo Camosxmuli da mnaxvelze grandiozul STabeW-
dilebas axdenda. aseTi mTliani figura im drois TbilisSi mxo-
lod es Zegli iyo da mTeli qalaqis siamayed iTvleboda...
Tbiliss amSvenebdnen da dResac amkoben, agreTve, puSkinisa
da gogolis biustebi.
SemdgomSi, mefisnacvlis Zeglis aRebasTan erTad, aRebul iq-
na mis garSemo mdgari umniSvnelo nagebobani da amiT moedani ga-
farTovda, xolo mogvianebiT moednis garSemo mravalsarTuliani
saxlebi aRimarTa.
TbilisSi sacxovreblad 1919 wels Camovedi. manamde xuTi wl-
is manZilze, samsaxuris gamo araerTxel Camovsulvar, magram qa-
laqs mainc kargad ar vicnobdi.
adre, roca myudro da mSobliuri quTaisidan TbilisSi mo-
mixda Camosvla, igi uzarmazar qalaqad momeCvena, magram studen-
tobis wlebSi, moskovidan momavals axla ukve Tbilisi mepatarava.
vidre axlos gavicnobdi Cvens dedaqalaqs, masze sul sxva
warmodgena mqonda. axla, roca Tbiliss ase kargad vicnob, mik-
virs, wlebis ganmavlobaSi ras akeTebdnen qalaqis mesveurebi
quCebisa da moednebis keTilmosawyobad?!
aRarafers vambob baRebisa da parkebis mouwyoblobaze da maT
simcireze. iseTi baRebis SeqmnaSi, rogoric iyo „aleqsandres“, bo-
tanikuri Tu mefisnacvlis sasaxlis baRebi, muStaidi da sxva _
araviTari Rvawli ar miuZRvis qalaqis gamgeobas.
aviRoT, Tundac, vagzlis moedani, romelsac „moedani“ ki er-
qva, magram vai mis ,,moednobas”! iq Tu oriode faetoni an tramvai
erTad gaivlida, Tagvi kuds veRar moiqnevda. amas miumateT pat-
ar-patara duqnebi, jixurebi da vagzlis moednidan aRaraferi rCe-
boda.
yoveli matareblis Camosvlaze, roca iqauroba mgzavrTa xel-
bargebiT aivseboda, qurd-bacacebs „rTveli“ hqondaT. ramdeni
gulubryvilo mgzavri irtyamda TavSi xels, roca xelbargidan
raimes dahkargavda da amaod eZebda.
vagzlis, anu dRevandeli CeluskinelTa * quCac, viwro, mokle
da keTilmouwyobeli, axlandeli klara cetkinis quCasTan wydebo-
da. es iyo da es. 20-ian wlebSi gaiWra dRevandel cirkis Senobasa
da akademqalaqs Soris aRmarTuli mTa da aigo CeluskinelTa xi-
di riTac quCa gmirTa moedans SeuerTda.
manamde vagzlidan wamosuli tramvai gadauxvevda klara cet-
kinis quCaze da pirogovis (axla kargareTlis) quCiT plexanovis
gamzirze Cadioda. dRes es marSruti ukve daviwyebulia, aRaravis
axsovs.
*
amJamad Tamar mefis gamziri
149
 madaTovis kunZuli ki or xids Sua, aTonelis quCidan marqs-
is *moednisaken mimaval monakveTs erqva, sadac axla baRia da erT
dros stalinis Zeglic idga.
kunZuli imitom Seerqva, rom igi mtkvris or tots Sua mdeba-
reobda.
im adgilas, romelic dRes moasfaltebul sanapiros ukavia,
aTonelis quCidan pirveli xidis qveS mtkvris marjvena toti
moedineboda, magram wylis simciris gamo, gansakuTrebiT zafxu-
lobiT, toti xSirad Sreboda. amitom atalaxebul kalapotSi
autaneli, janmrTelobisaTvis saziano Smoris suni dgeboda, rac
koRoebis budeebsa da malariis gavrcelebis keras qmnida.
qalaqis gamgeobaSi araerTxel dasmula mtkvris am totis am-
oSrobis sakiTxi. magram es mxolod Semdeg gaxda SesaZlebeli da
igi Zvirfas sanapiro quCad gadaiqca.
madaTovis kunZulze _ xididan xidamde _ viwro quCa miuyve-
boda, romelic orive mxares patar-patara maRaziebiT, duqnebiTa
da saxelosnoebiT Caxergiliyo, danarCeni adgilebi ki umTavresad
meetleebis, mefaetoneebisa Tu cxeniani transportis sxva mflobe-
lTa, traqtirebisa da samikitnoebis adgils warmoadgenda; amas
mivumatoT cxenebis sadgomic _ mTlianad dabinZurebuli.
1922 wlis zafxulidan Tbilisis saqalaqo aRmaskomSi daviwye
muSaoba da Cveni qalaqic swored maSin gavicani Zirfesvianad.
raionuli aRmaskomebi maSin jer kidev ar arsebobda da saqa-
laqo aRmaskomi Tavad uwevda momsaxurebas mTel qalaqs.
damniSnes safinanso kolegiis wevrad da gamomyves komisiis
xelmZRvanelad, romelsac daevala savaWro Tu sawarmoo obieq-
tebidan saijaro qiris gadasinjva da maTi obieqtebis xelaxla
Sefaseba Semosavlis gazrdis mizniT.
im dros aRricxuli da danomrili iyo 16 aTasze meti werti,
romelTagan zogi didi iyo, zogi patara.
aRmaskomis Tavmjdomared maSin lado dumbaZe muSaobda.
vTqvi ukve, avtomanqanebi qalaqSi Zalian naklebad iyo, komisi-
is muSaobisaTvis ki aucilebel saWiroebas warmoadgenda; amitom
daiqiraves kerZo piris manqana, rac maSin sruliad dasaSvebi iyo.
is manqana dRevandeli manqanebiviT moduri da eleganturi ar yo-
fila, patara iyo, TavRia, uZaro, magram komisiis muSaobisaTvis
mainc savsebiT kmaroda. igi Zalian lamazi gveCveneboda, siamayis
grZnobac ki gveufleboda, roca rusTavelis gamzirze samuSao ob-
ieqtebisaken mivqrodiT.
ai, swored maSin gavicani imdroindeli Tbilisi. sad ar vyo-
filvar im Cveni patara koxta manqaniT, Tbilisis romel kuTxe-
kunWuls ar gavcnobivar, romel bakSi ar Segvixvevia, romel sar-
dafSi, romel sastumroSi. da imdroindeli Tbilisis siavkarge
swored maSin Sevicani.
pirveli quCa, romlis gafarToebac aucileblad miiCnia Cvenma
aRmaskomma, dRevandeli leseliZis quCaze mdebare bazari iyo,
romelsac oficialurad „Arm%nskiy bazar“, qarTulad „Suabazari“
ewodeboda. is bazars naklebad hgavda, Zalze viwro iyo da faeto-
nebi gverds Zlivs uqcevdnen erTmaneTs. yovel nabijze savaWro da
saxelosno idga. muStris misazidad, gareT yovelgvari saqoneli

*
amJamad zaarbrukenis moedani
150
iyo gamofenili da, miuxedavad amisa, qurdoba ar xdeboda. yovel
SemTxvevaSi, aseTi ram arasodes gamigonia.
Cems dros Suabazars iseTive ZvelTaZveli saxe hqonda Semor-
Cenili, rogorc is aRwera cnobilma turneforma asze meti wlis
winaT. TiTqos nakrZalad yofiliyo gamocxadebuli. es is Suabaza-
ria, romelzedac poeti vaxtang orbeliani ambobs: „me ar miyvars
kilo muxambazisa, kintoT kilo, kilo Suabazrisa.“
quCis gaganierebas didi gulmodgineobiT Seudga Cveni Zveli
teqnikuri inteligenciis Rirseuli warmomadgeneli, cnobili inJi-
neri grigol qurdiani, Tavaziani, keTili da Tavisi saqmis brwyin-
vale mcodne. igi TavdadebiT xelmZRvanelobda mindobil saqmes,
magram sifrTxiliT ki iqceoda, radgan aseTi didi moculobis sa-
muSaoebSi gawvrTnili ar iyo. amasTan, mosaxleobasac uwevda anga-
riSs. ganisazRvra ara marto Suabazris gafarToeba, aramed axali
quCis gayvanac sionidan ,,maidnamde.” unda iTqvas, rom niWierma xu-
roTmoZRvarma Cinebulad gaarTva Tavi mindobil saqmes da ,,maid-
namde” mSvenieri, im droisaTvis sakmaod ganieri quCa gaiyvana. aba-
noebisaken iseT adgilze gaxsna samanqano gza, sadac adre fexis
dasadgmelic ar yofila da mTlianad sacxovrebeli saxlebiT iyo
Caxergili. am saqmiT yvela kmayofili darCa da aravin ar ganawye-
nebula maTi saxlebis aRebiT.
axlac mikvirs, aseTi viwro quCebiTa da quCabandebiT xalxi
rogor dadioda.
cnobilia, am gzis gayvanas rogor cdilobda didi niko niko-
laZe im farTo xasiaTis samSeneblo proeqtis safuZvelze, romel-
ic man, rogorc xmosanma, waradgina Tbilisis qalaqis gamgeobaSi.
magram es proeqti CaiSala maSindelma qalaqma ver SeZlo am uzar-
mazari xarjis gaweva, rac kerZo mflobelebisagan im adgilebis
gamosyidvas sWirdeboda. maSin es sakiTxi Zalze Zneli da TiTqmis
dauZleveli iyo.
grigol qurdianma, rasakvirvelia, icoda niko nikolaZis pro-
eqtis Seusruleblobis mizezi. an romelma qarTvelma inteli-
gentma ar icoda es?...
maxsovs, sionis quCis iqiT, Cveni komisia pirvelad gavida sa-
muSaod, magram manqana win veRar wavida, quCa orsarTuliani sax-
liT iyo gadaketili. manqana pirdapir „bnel rigze“ gavatareT,
romelic cis qveS arsebul „universams“ warmoadgenda, radgan, ra-
sac moisurvebdiT, iq iSoveboda.
am savaWroebsa da qoxmaxebs Soris idga gorelaSvilis sakma-
od mozrdili qarvaslac.
amasTan erTad isic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom qalaqi nela
izrdeboda, aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi TiTqmis Seucvleli iyo
misi sazRvari, romelic wyneTis quCis (amJamad meliqiSvilis), anu
varazis xevis marjvena napirTan wydeboda. cxadia, wyneTis quCac
sakmaod viwro da keTilmouwyobeli iyo.
xevze patara xidi gaedoT, romlis iqiT idga dRevandeli uni-
versitetis anu maSindeli qarTuli gimnaziis erT-erTi korpusi.
aq imperialisturi omis dros samxedro hospitali iyo moTavsebu-
li. am SenobaSi 1915 wlis zafxulSi gardaicvala didi vaJa-fSave-
la.
qarTuli gimnaziis Senoba oblad idga im ukacriel mindorSi.
irgvliv xrioki adgilebis meti araferi Canda.

151
 erTaderTi, rac TvalSi mogxvdebodaT, viwro biliki iyo, ro-
melsac sofel wyneTisaken mivyavdiT.
dRes es adgili da, masTan, mTeli vake, Cveni dedaqalaqis
erT-erTi privilegirebuli raionia.
varazisxevis mTeli is uzarmazari xrami dRevandeli gmirTa
moednis iqiTac aRwevda. xrami Zalian Rrma iyo da nagvis sayrel-
ad iyenebdnen, ris gamoc irgvliv saSineli suni trialebda.
sakmaod gvian daiwyo qalaqma saburTalos Tavisufali miwe-
bis aTviseba. omis dros is miwebi gamoyenebuli iyo dawesebuleba-
Ta TanamSromlebis sayane adgilebad da Cven, fizikuri kulturis
maswavleblebi, 1943 Tu 44 wlebSi siminds vTesavdiT xolme. nam-
dvili triali mindori iyo, xis Crdilic ki arsaiT Canda.
kargad maxsovs is nakveTi, romelsac me vamuSavebdi _ dRevan-
deli pavlovis quCis mikroraionSi. aba ras warmovidgendi, rom iq
Cqara samedicino institutis Senoba aRimarTeboda da studenteb-
Tan mec momiwevda muSaoba.
dRevandeli kirovis baRi * im dros veris moqmed sasaflaos
warmoadgenda. 1919 wels, iq erTi Cemi axlo naTesavi, eqimi iaSvi-
li davasaflaveT, romelmac 1907 wels ilia WavWavaZis gvami gakve-
Ta. vakis sasaflao im dros ar arsebobda da kidec rom yofili-
yo, im siSores Tavis micvalebuls aravin gaimetebda dasakrZala-
vad.
Zveli „veris sasaflaoze“ axlac mkafiod ikiTxeba daniel
WonqaZisa da „solomon isakiC mejRanuaSvilis“ avtoris _ lavren-
ti ardazianis gvarebi sagangebod dacul maTi saflavis qvebze...
oriode sityva „dinamos“ stadionze. 30-ian wlebSi qoxmaxebiTa
da sabostne miwebiT dafarul didubeSi aSenda sportis moyva-
rulTa yvelaze sayvareli nageboba. iqve iyo sasoflo-sameurneo
teqnikumic, romelsac Tavisi mozrdili miwis nakveTi hqonda. „din-
amos“ kompleqss xuroTmoZRvrebi da mSeneblebi rom ewvivnen, Sem-
TxveviT, mec iq viyavi, sadac Sevxvdi erT dros Tbilisis pirveli
gimnaziis, xolo SemdegSi sasoflo-sameurneo institutis saxelo-
van direqtors, Cems axlo naTesavs ivane evdokimis Ze gamyreliZes.
man miTxra: teqnikumisaTvis ninoSvilis quCaze mogvces samagiero
adgili da iq gadavdivarT, aq ki fexburTis didi stadioni unda
aSendeso...
marTlac, Cqara aSenda Cveni didebuli stadioni.
ar damaviwydeba Cemi uzomo sixaruli, roca ocian wlebSi
erT romeliRac dawesebulebaSi gamofines momavali Tbilisis re-
konstruqciisa da ganaSenianebis xuroTmoZRvruli ocdaxuTwliani
gegma. es dro Zalian xangrZlivi meCvena da uimedod CaviqnieT xe-
li, magram Turme vcdebodi. Cem Tvalwin moxda Tbilisis arnaxu-
li zrda, Zveli daingra da mis adgilze axali Senobebi aRimarTa.
axlac ar SemiZlia, gulgrilad Cavuaro rusTavelis gamzir-
ze mdebare # 52 veeba saxls. me iq xis WiSkari mizidavda, „omCins-
kaia, # 4“ad wodebuli. am WiSkriT „Temis“ redaqciaSi Sedioda
xolme didi akaki.
erTxel, studentobis dros, me da griSam „Temis“ redaqtori
grigol diasamiZe movinaxuleT. gamoTxovebisas grigolma gviTxra:
dRes saRamos redaqciaSi akaki da ovanes Tumaniani unda gvewvion
da Tqvenc modiTo, magram Cven quTaisSi migveCqareboda da redaq-
*
axla veris baRi
152
toris mipatiJebaze uari vTqviT. mere es ambavi mTeli sicocxle
sananeblad dagvrCa orive Zmas.
xsenebuli xis WiSkari dRes, rasakvirvelia, aRar aris, magram
ezos siRrmeSi darCenilia saxli # 4, sadac Tavis droze „Temis“
redaqcia iyo moTavsebuli.
mosagonari Zvel Tbilisze Zalian bevria, magram yvelafers
erTad ver vixseneb. SeuZlebelia, Tvalwin ar warmomidges xarfu-
xi, aSpaSxani, cicianovis TavdaRmarTze dagorebuli tramvai, ve-
res daRmarTi da uamravi sxva. mis yaraCoxelebze, kintoebze, kriv-
ze Tu abanoebze xom bevri dawerila da daxatula, amitom aRar
gavimeoreb ukve mravalgzis naTqvams. mxolod gulistkiviliT min-
da aRvniSno, rom 1795 wlis jojoxeTurma mexTatexam, agreTve,
Semdegi drois avbediTobam TbilisSi uamravi Zveli nageboba, Ta-
Rovani xidi Tu Sadrevniani baRebi daangria, rac Cveni drois sia-
maye iqneboda. rad eRireboda Tundac erekle meoris sasaxle, ro-
melic dRes aRar aris. aRarc Tbilisis cnobili Walebi da tye-
ebi Srialeben... samwuxarod, bevri ram waritana drois dinebam.
Tbiliss didi qartexilebi gadautania, roca ieremias godeba-
saviT gaismoda qarTvelis Civili: „puri mogvdis, sxva vaWrobs,
Cveni venaxi sxvis xelSia, Cvens Rvinos sxva hyidis da Cven metic
aRaraferi gagvaCniao.“ iveriis dedaqalaqi bevrjer aqcies nangre-
vebad. sisxlis zRvac gamoucuravs da mainc moaRwia dRemde.
rogorc Zvelma Tbiliselma, is gavixsene, rac sakuTari
TvaliT mqonda nanaxi, riTac bednierad da valmoxdilad vgrZnob
Tavs.

CargalSi

araerTxel vTqvi, rom 1909 wels moskovSi student Zmebs

bedniereba gvqonda, rusul enaze gveTargmna da wignebad gamogve-
ca qarTuli mxatvruli prozis zogierTi nimuSi; saTargmnel
nawarmoebTa Soris Cafiqrebuli gvqonda vaJa-fSavelas moTxrobe-
bic, ris Sesaxebac Tavad avtors unda movTaTbirebodiT; amisaT-
vis ki fSavSi Casvla iqneboda saWiro.
magram Cvens axalgazrdul wadils im xanebSi bevri damabr-
kolebeli mizezi gamouCnda da poetis mSobliur sofel Cargal-
Si wasvlis saSualeba Zalian gvian, mxolod 1935 wels mogveca,
roca Cveni qveyana vaJa-fSavelas gardacvalebis 20 wlisTavs aR-
niSnavda.
am TariRTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos saxelmwifo litera-
turulma muzeumma sofel CargalSi sagangebo eqspedicia miavli-
na, romelsac mgosnis Sesaxeb zogierTi biografiuli xasiaTis
masala unda Seekriba da, amasTan erTad, memorialuri nivTebic
SeeZina.
eqspediciaSi Sediodnen: literaturaTmcodne ivane enikolo-
fovi da Cemi Zmebi: poeti da literatori grigol jafariZe da
maSin jer kidev damwyebi mxatvari uCa jafariZe.
eqspedicias mec SevuerTdi Cemi fotoaparatiT.
literaturul muzeums imxanad giorgi leoniZe xelmZRvane-
lobda...

153
 *
Semodgomis namdvili „oqros dReebi“ idga.
avtobusiT swrafad gaviareT jer duSeTi, mere _ ananuri mi-
si cixe-koSkiT da gadavuxvieT fSav-xevsureTisaken mimaval axal
gzaze, romelic sul oriode weli iyo, rac gaexsnaT da amitom
Savi gudroni isev prialebda mzeze. es gza aqaur adgilebs bari-
saxosTan aerTebs.
avtobusSi CvenTan erTad ramdenime fSaveli da xevsuri
mgzavrobda. isini Tbilisidan brundebodnen saxlebSi savse xur-
jinebiTa da daclili kasrebiT; garemo erbos suniT gaJRenTili-
yo. Cveni Tanamgzavrebi erTimeoreze ufro vaJkacuri aRnagobisa-
ni iyvnen da mzeze garujuli saxeebiT vaJas ukvdav gmirebs _
gogoTurs, aludas Tu afSinas Camohgavdnen.
gaviareT Jinvali, fSavis aragvis napirebi da maRaroskarSi
SevediT. Zvelad aq soflis kancelaria da dawyebiTi skola yo-
fila, sadac erT dros vaJa-fSavelas Zma _ niko (baCana) maswav-
leblobda.
axla es adgili am kuTxis kulturis centria. iq aris saa-
vadmyofo, afTiaqi, skola, fosta, kooperativi da soflis sabWo,
romelsac vaJas sofeli Cargalic eqvemdebareba.
fSav-xevsureTis xsenebuli saavtomobilo gzis mSenebloba
im dros jer kidev ar iyo damTavrebuli, ganuwyvetliv ismoda
naRmis afeTqebis xma da moglejili kldeebis griali. alag-alag
rkina-betonis xidebis gverdiT Zveli xid-bogirebic SemorCeni-
liyo.
maRaroskars rom gavcdiT, patara mdinare „Carglula“
Semogveyara, vaJas mSobliur Cargalze rom moedineba da saxelic
am soflisagan miuRia. is tyiT dafaruli xeobiT marcxena mxri-
dan erTvis aragvs.
„Cargliskaridan“ ukve soflis gza miuyveboda zemoT da
Cvenc fexiT ganvagrZeT siaruli, avtobusma ki barisaxosaken
aiRo gezi.
aqedan Carglamde sul raRac oTxiode kilometria.
Cven win viwro xeoba, alag-alag yanebi da xSiri, foTlovani
xeebiT Semosili maRali mTebia.
es vaJas mSobliuri kuTxea...
salami Senda, kurTxeulo adgilo, didi mgosnis cxovrebisa
da Semoqmedebis cocxalo mowmev!...
„mogesalmebiT, qedebo, momaqvs salami gviani!“

*
rac ufro zeviT avdivarT da sofels vuaxlovebiT, miT uf-
ro viwrovdeba xeoba.
seqtemberia, magram qeri da simindi jer kidev mwvaned bibi-
nebs.
ukve daRamda.
„daRamda, wvrilni varskvlavni
ayovdnen, dasxdnen cazeda,
mTvare ki jer arsada Cans,
ar dagvnaTois Tavzeda...“

154
 Zexorcieli aravin Cans, vaJas saxlisaken mimavali gza rom
migvaswavlos. anazdad mbJutavi sinaTle gamoCnda da Soridan
ZaRlebis yefac Semogvesma.
_ maspinZelo! _ SevZaxeT erT-erT qoxs, _ maspinZelo!
saxlidan viRacis silueti gamoCnda da Cvenc CvenTvis saWi-
ro misamarTs vekiTxebiT.
_ vaJais saxli? _ gvpasuxobs qalis xma, _ ra vqna, romeli
vaJais? _ magram bolos mainc iazra da darwmunebiT gvipasuxa: _
razikaanT saxli gindaT? hoo... is gaRmaa, Svilo, wyalgaRma, aqeT
ras modixarT? qvemod CadiT da riye-riye auyeviT wyals...
erT qoxSi, romelSic, rogorc Semdeg gavigeT, vaJas mego-
bars bekura baCiaSvils ucxovria, sinaTle ainTo da nagazebmac
boxi xmiT atexes yefa. am saxlidan viRac axalgazrda kaci gamo-
vida, mogvesalma da vaJas saxlisaken gagviZRva.

*
_ ai, am gorakzea vaJais saxli, _ gviTxra gamyolma karga-
xnis siarulis Semdeg, mere Carglulaze gadebuli xis bogiri
gadagvatara da... Cven ukve didi mgosnis kar-midamoze vdgavarT,
mis ezoSi.
bnela da Cvenc TiTqos vaJas ukvdav gmirTa landebs vxedavT,
TiTqos maT sunTqvas vgrZnobT: „usulo sagans suli Cavbere,
avasaubre lodebi kldisa.“
didi interesiT vakvirdebiT landebad qceul xeebs, saxls,
patara damxmare nagebobebs; ager kaloze aRmarTuli oriode
zvini, ager gomuri, qviTkiris momcro qoxi.
irgvliv sruli siCumea da mxolod Carglulas Cumi JRur-
tuli moismis qvemodan.
am ezoSi, ratomRac, arc ZaRlis yefa moismis, romelic TiT-
qos Cveulebrivi movlenaa iq, sadac saxli ganmartoebiT dgas.
mgosnis es mokrZalebuli samyofeli TiTqos amiT Tu gansx-
vavdeba fSaveli glexis tipiuri kar-midamosagan.
es wminda savane, sadac mgosanma Tavisi bavSvoba da Segnebu-
li cxovrebis umetesi nawili gaatara, kidev ufro wminda gaxda
CvenTvis, rodesac misi qoxidan mbJutavma sinaTlem gamoaSuqa.
rogorc Canda, maspinZels jer kidev ar eZina.
diax, Cven ukve im adgilze varT, ase rom uyvarda vaJas da
ris gamoc yvelas SesTxovda: _ „Cems adgils mimabareTa, sicocx-
liT gamwarebuli mkvdar mainc gamaxareTa“-o.

*
karma gaiWriala da Sav tansacmelSi gamowyobili maRali,
Txeli tanis Warmagi mandilosani gamogvegeba, romelmac moride-
buli mosalmebis Semdeg, Sin Tavazianad SegvipatiJa.
es vaJas meuRle _ Tamari gaxldaT.
qals Cveni vinoba gavumxileT da vTxoveT, araferze Sewuxe-
buliyo, radgan SevatyveT, sufris mzadeba daewyo.
Tamari metad sandomiani qali Cans, zrdilobiani da moride-
buli. gvsiamovnebs misi metyvelebis fSavuri kilo.
igi ukve xanSi Sesulia, misi sityvebiT „samoczedac gadasu-
li“, magram garegnulad jer kidev kargad gamoiyureba. is laRad,
Tavaweuli daiareba.

155
 gasakviri araa, rom suliTa da sisxliT namdvil mTiels _
vaJas es qali moswoneboda da misi Tval-tanadobiT moxibluli-
yo.
mTis pirobebSi uTuod lamazi gamoCndeboda da dResac to-
ls ar daudebs mezobel qalTa umetesobas. mas odnav SemaRlebu-
li Txeli cxviri aqvs, Savi Tval-warbi da didi xelebi; ganier
Sav tansacmels bunebrivad erwymis aseve Savi Tavsafari.
Tamari vaJas meore colia. mgosanma igi sofel xorxidan
„moitaca“, „cxenis gavaze moigdo.“
„cxenis gavaze movigdo, sdiodes cremli mwarea,
SuaRamisas Cargalsa gadaviwero jvaria.
mere moides sadaod Tundac osmalos jaria!...“
Tamars kargad axsovs es ambavi, ris gamoc „kinaRam sisxlic
Camovardnila or ojaxs Sua.“ es miT ufro, rom qali gaTxovebas
ar apirebda da monasterSi wasasvlelad emzadeboda Turme.
_ mamaCemma xanjarsac wamaavlo xeli, _ gviyveba Tamari, _
roca luka da misi Zma niko movidnen Cem wasayvanad; mamaCems xe-
lebSi veci da Zliv davamSvide: „ZaliT xom ar wamiyvanen-meTqi.”
lukas me ar vicnobdi manamde. wigni ki wamekiTxa vaJa-fSavelasi;
saxlSic mqonda, magram ki ar vicodi, Tu is mwerali vaJa-fSave-
la Cargleli razikaanT luka iyo. es mere gavige.“
Tamaris garda am ojaxSi misi vaJi, vaxtangi, cxovrobda,
magram im dros igi Tbilisis universitetSi swavlobda da Tam-
ars martodmarto, TiTqmis umezoblod uxdeboda yofna. amis ga-
mo didi wvalebiT eweoda soflur meojaxeobas.
_ wyalic ver momitania jer, dedaSvilobas, _ gveubneba mas-
pinZeli, _ erTi Zroxa-Ra myav, davkarge da mis ZebnaSi sul Semo-
viare Cveni tyeebi; Zliv vipove da esaa davbrundi Sin. daviqance,
Svilo, magram ra vqna, sayvedurs ver vityvi. cxovreba garjas
moiTxovs.
daRlilma Tamarma spilenZis didi Tungi mxarze Seigdo da
im kunapet RameSi sadRac gauCinarda. wyali Tumca Sors ar yofi-
la, xevSi gamoedineba Turme, magram im berbecoSi Casvla da is-
ic, am RameSi, arc Tu ioli saqmea.
_ eeh, Cemo batono, mTaSi Raribuli cxovreba gvaqvs da, Tu
ar viSromebT, aras gvargia! _ ambobs Rrma amooxvriT wyarodan
ukve Sin dabrunebuli Tamari da bodiSs ixdis, rom „sakadrisad
ver gagvimaspinZldeba.“
qals patara sufra Semoaqvs da zed uxvad awyobs „Raribuli
cxovrebis“ damadasturebel sanovages: axlad mowvelil rZes,
karaqs, xaWosa da Wyint yvels, romelsac Tamari vaJas naqoni bas-
ri daniT veeba naWrebad Wris. TiToeuli naWeri qalaqSi vaJkac-
sac ki daapurebda.
Cven bodiSs vixdiT misi ase udrood SewuxebisaTvis, magram
Tamari sulac ar grZnobs Tavs Sewuxebulad da mSvidad gveubne-
ba: „aravin modis aq, mTaSi mowyenilad varT. amas winaT mixeil
javaxiSvili iyo mxolod da isic imave dRes gabrunda ukan...“

*
es saxli ki ara, erTi ubralo qoxia. nuTu am kedlebSi iwe-
reboda „gvelis mWameli“, „aluda qeTelauri“, „stumar-maspinZe-
li“, „CxikvTa qorwili“ da vaJas sxva didebuli qmnilebebi?... ara,

156
patara is fizikuradaa, Torem, wminda sauflo taZaria, muzaTa
TavSesayari, maTi samosaxlo...
Cemi cxovrebis manZilze araerTi gamoCenili mwerlis saxli
da kar-midamo minaxavs, maT Soris iliasi _ yvarelSi, akakisa _
mSobliur sxvitorSi, lev tolstoisa _ iasnaia polianaSi.
rodesac maT sasaxleebs vaJa-fSavelas qvis patara qoxs vadareb,
guli sevdiT mevseba, ucnauri, eniT gamouTqmeli grZnoba
mipyrobs... magram swored es patara kedlebi meubnebian, rom didi
niWisaTvis sra-sasaxleebs araviTari mniSvneloba ara aqvs. gana
amaze ar metyvelebs saxelganTqmuli Sotlandieli poetis
robert bernsis cxovrebiseuli istoriac?!...
amazeve ar metyvelebs genialuri firosmanis duxWiri cxov-
rebis sinamdvilec?!...
sad aris aq ucxouri aveji, franguli preferansis magida,
italiuri suraTebi, sparsuli noxebi, „gammondis“ sabeWdi manqana
da mravali sxva, rac im drois mdidarTa ojaxebisTvis
Cveulebrivi ram gaxldaT?!
es ubralo, nivTebi Tavisi pirvelyofilebiT gvaoceben, ro-
gorc vaJas naxevrad warmarTi, naxevrad zRapruli da miTiuri
gmirebi.
ai, yvelaferi is, rac TvalSi gveca Cven, Tbilisidan miv-
linebiT Camosul stumrebs, rac gvafiqrebs, rac sevdiTa da amave
dros didi siamayiTac gvavsebs...

*
Tamari jarasaviT trialebs ojaxSi, dRe da Rame gaswore-
buli aqvs.
sami dRe davyaviT mis keraze da vxedavdiT am dauRalavi ad-
amianis garjas: acxobda, wvelida, saqonels uvlida, SeSa moh-
qonda, wyals ezideboda, sadils amzadebda da am xnis manZilze
mxolod erTxel vnaxeT oTaxSi damjdari da gana dasasveneblad?
ara _ is wnelze Camokidebul „varias“ ujda da rZisTavsa dRveb-
da, raTa ucxo stumrebi axali karaqiTa da gemrieli doTi vesi-
amovnebineT.
_ ra vqna, Svilo, aseTia Raribi kacis bedi, _ gvpasuxobda
Tamari Cveni gakvirvebuli Tvalebis Semxedvare, magram mas yvela-
ze ufro martooba awuxebda.
mxolod ojaxis didi siyvaruli da mamapapuri saxlis erT-
guleba aZlebinebda martoxela qals.
_ ratom mezoblis bavSvebi mainc ar Semovlen da xels ar
wagaSveleben xolme? _ vekiTxebiT Tamars.
_ rogor Semovlen, gana scaliaT? _ gvpasuxobs Tamari, _
mTaSi balRebic muSaoben; da kidevac rom ecaloT, usaqmurad is-
ini mezoblis kars ar moadgebian; araa adaTi...
Tavad vaJasac fizikuri da sulieri Zalebis araadamianuri
daZabva sWirdeboda, arseboba rom SeenarCunebina. mainc ver
sZlia naRvels, ramac es jan-RoniT savse bunebis Svili sikvdi-
lis piramde miiyvana sul raRac 54 wlis asakSi.
mere da rogor swyuroda sicocxle da rogor eficeboda
Tavis mSobel qveyanas:
Tu giRalato, dedao,
numc davimarxo mTaSia,

157
 nu dasdon vaJis-fSavlisa
xmali satirlad TavSia,
nu damitiros qal-rZalma
sakacezea karSia,
SaveTSi gamgzavrebulsa
cxeni wameqces wyalSia.
qveynisgan SeCvenebulma
bina davkargo caSia.
gamiwydes bewvis xidai,
Cavvarde kupris zRvaSia.

*
dilauTenia gamovdivar ezoSi. Carglulas gaRma mTis fer-
dobze moCans soflis erTi ubani; is jer kidev dilis bindSia
gaxveuli, magram soflelebi ukve fexze arian da adreul saqmes
Sesdgomian. bavSvebi saqonels mierekebian xmauriTa da SeZaxile-
biT...
aqaurma xalxma, rogorc CvenSi yvelgan, garjac icis da das-
venebac. daRamdeba Tu ara, maSinve wvebian da amitom mbJutavi
sinaTle maTTvis saWiroebas aRar warmoadgens. ukidures SemTx-
vevaSi mamapapeul kvarsac mimarTaven, navTis lampisaTvis ki saw-
vavia saWiro da aba, muSaobiT daRlilma Carglelma kacma navTi-
saTvis rogor unda iaros maRaroskarSi? amisTvis naxevari dRe
mainc unda daikargos!
ager imave wyalgaRma bilikze viRac qali gamoCnda, zurgze
guda hkidia, albaT wisqvilisaken miiCqaris. aq Zalauneburad max-
sendeba vaJas sasimRerod qceuli leqsi:
„gamoRmiT me var, gaRmiT Sen, Suaze modis mdinare,
xidi ar gviZevs wyalzeda, fiqri mklavs mouTminare.“

*
vaJas saxli Carglulas gaswvriv, erT maRal kordzea wamom-
dgari. ezo mwvaneSia Cafluli, ufro anwli da, gansakuTrebiT,
WinWari da „WinWris deda“ Warbobs; aqa-iq moCans Rolo, „mayalu-
rZa“ da „tuxtic“.
am mcenareTa fesvebs da nayofebs aqauri xalxi samkurnalod
iyenebs; an mwvanes xmaroben an axmoben, xarSaven da naxarSs
svamen.
ezodan mdinaremde daferdebuli napiri vaJas ojaxs bostnad
da saTibad aqvs gamoyenebuli...
yvelani ezoSi vsxedvarT da SevyurebT mzrunveli xeliT na-
xareb vaSlisa da msxlis xeebs, RoRnaSos, zRmartls, anu “xut-
karas“, WanWurs, Sindsa da, rac mTavaria, kaklis xeebs.
Tamaris TqmiT, yvela es xe vaJas dargulia da mis mier aris
damynobili.
kaklis xe, rogorc Cans, Zalze gavrcelebulia fSavSi. mar-
to vaJas ezosa da saTibSi aTamde Ziri mainc dgas, gverdiT kid-
ev ufro metic.
xis totebs lamazad Semoxvevia svia _ Tavisi Ria-Calisferi
pawia burTulebiT.
_ es svia lukais motanili da dargulia, _ gveubneba Tamari,
_ umagisod ludi ar gamaixdebao... uvlida Zalian.

158
 damxmare Senobebidan (aseTebs raWaSi „Sromels“ uwodeben)
dgas boseli anu igive gomuri, romlis zemoT saTive aris gawyo-
bili. iq Cveni misvlis dros ,,mSvidobianad mezoblobdnen” Tamar-
is Zroxa da cxeni...
ezos ukana nawilSi gancalkevebiT dgas patara „furne“. esec
Turme vaJas gaukeTebia Tavisi xeliT, raTa amiT diasaxlisisa-
Tvis puris cxobis mZime saqme Seemsubuqebina.
saxli, sadac mgosani ojaxTan erTad cxovrobda, am damxma-
re nagebobaTa ukan dgas da piriT xeviskenaa miqceuli, ukana ked-
eli ki _ tyiT dafaruli ferdobisaken.
saxli, rogorc es mTaSia miRebuli, qviT aris naSenebi da
daxurulia kramitiT; es ki, Tamaris ganmartebiT, SeZlebulobis
niSania, Tumca am ukanasknel xans TiTqmis yvelas aseTi Senoba
udgas, oRond kramitis magier isev Zveleburi saxuravi „yarti“
aqvs gamoyenebuli. yarti sagangebod iTeseba yanaSi.
vaJas saxli sul oriode oTaxisagan Sedgeba. es ase yofila
mgosnis sicocxleSiac, mxolod im gansxvavebiT, rom win xis pa-
tara aivani hqonia. erT-erTi oTaxi sastumrod yofila gankuTvni-
li, romelic duSeTis raiaRmaskomis iniciativiTa da xarjiT
gaudidebiaT rogorc siganeSi, ise simaRleSi. Senobis sxva dana-
rCeni nawili isevea SemorCenili, rogorc es mgosnis dros iyo.
saxlis erTi oTaxi jer kidev poetis mamas pavle razika-
Svils vaJas mowafeobis dros auSenebia, manamde ki aqac baniani
miwuri saxli hqoniaT.
am Zvel patara oTaxs, romelic zomiT Tormetiode kvadra-
tuli metri Tu iqneba, Tamari „lukas oTaxs“ uwodebs, radgan is
vaJas samuSao da sawoli oTaxi yofila. mas ezos mxriv erTi
patara kari da ori sarkmeli hqonia, romelic dRemde asevea
SemorCenili; meore oTaxis msgavsad, iataki aqac miwisaa. oTaxis
erT kuTxeSi buxaria datanebuli, romelic gansakuTrebiT hyvare-
bia Turme vaJas.
am buxris win Seuqmnia Tavisi araerTi Sedevri da, maT So-
ris, dauviwyari „fSaveli jariskacis werili“:
„gulmkerdic agiyovdeba,
dedao, ia-vardiTa...
fiqriT SenTan var. saCeClis
kbilebis mesmis wkriali...
gicqer, matylsa sCeC, fartenas
cremli gisvelebs tiali...“
vaJas avejeulobidan mis yofil oTaxSi rkinis sawoli da
mcire zomis gamoCorknili xis ubralo magidaa. es iyo vaJas saw-
eri magida. misi erT-erTi ujra gamoRebulia da, mgoni, dakargu-
lic ki...
aqvea erTi dabali da ubralo karada, romelSiac mgosani
Tavis nawerebsa da wignebs inaxavda.
buxris aqeT-iqiT, kedlebSi Catanebul TaxCebSi ori Wraqia
Sedgmuli. magidaze dgas moSlili maRviZara saaTi, romelic ra-
Rac musikis msgavs bgerebs gamoscemda da amisTvis ufro yidu-
lobdnen, vidre drois gasagebad. vaJasac Turme Zalian uyvarda
is saaTi, momarTavda da usmenda mis musikas.
oTaxis erT kuTxeSi vaJas Tofi, misi nanadirevi irmis rqebi
da ori yanwi hkidia.

159
 _ lukais jixvis rqebic hqonda aq, _ SeniSnavs Tamari, _ mag-
ram romeliRac mezobels aCuqa.
irmis rqebs ukan mgosans Tavisi didi suraTi ekida Turme,
wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis mier liTografi-
ulad gamocemuli; aqve ekida meore didi suraTic _ „qarTvel
mweralTa jgufi“, romelic im dros metad gavrcelebuli iyo
CvenSi da TiTqmis yovel qarTul ojaxSi naxavdiT.
imave oTaxis erT kuTxeSi ewyo vaJas samuSao iaraRebi: Toxi,
bari, namgali, xerxi, culi da sxva. kedels mcire zomis farda-
gic amSvenebs.
_ es fardagi ki Cemi moqsovilia, _ ganmartavs Tamari, _
CvenTan yvela qsovs da, cxadia, mec movqsove. qalma uTuod unda
gaakeTos es saqme, moqsovos xaliCa, xurjinebi da gaTxovebisas
Tan gaiyolos. aseTia Cveneburi adaTi.
oTaxidan ezoSi gamovdivarT. mwvane balaxi Tvals axarebs.
Tamars moswons Tavisi samosaxlo.
_ zamTar aq sicive ar icis, rogorc mindvrad, _ gveubneba
is, _ myudrod varT, SeSac naklebi gvWirdeba.
Tamari Tavis oTaxSi Sedis da mcire xnis Semdeg raRac mo-
Zvelebuli da dro-Jams gadarCenili mcire zomis, Txelydiani
lukas wigni gamoaqvs.
rogori sixaruliTa da mRelvarebiT gadavfurcleT es Zve-
li, wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebel sazogadoebis mier 1911 wels
dastambuli patara wignaki, romlis satitulo furcelsa da ga-
rekanze dabeWdilia:
„vaJa-fSavela. sami saymawvilo ambavi rva suraTiT da avto-
ris mokle biografiiT“.
aqve vkiTxulobT: „vaJam male maswavleblobas sruliad mia-
neba Tavi da dasaxlda col-SviliT Tavis sofel CargalSi. sof-
elSi vaJa-fSavela soflur muSaobas misdevs – xnavs, sTesavs da
mxneobs iseve, rogorc sxva misi mezobeli glexkacoba, xolo
Tavisufal dros andomebs mwerlobas.“
diax, es sruli WeSmaritebaa: marTlac, „Tavisufal dros“
Tu gaimetebda mwerlobisaTvis im dros adamiani!...
Cven beds unda vumadlodeT, rom didi mgosani, miuxedavad
didi garjisa, kidev axerxebda „Tavisufali drois“ gamonaxvas
da buxris mbJutavi cecxlis win, roca „jalabs eZina,“ sakacob-
rio mniSvnelobis qmnilebebs werda.

*
_ Tunuqis Rumeli ar eWaSnikeboda, _ gviambobs Tamari, _
„cecxls Tu TvaliT ar vxedav, ise siTbos ra gemo aqvso”.
_ leqsebis wera Tumca dRisiTac icoda, magram aseT dros
is iSviaTad iyo moclili, rogorc ojaxis erT-erTi burji da
marCenali amitom is ufro Ram-RamobiT werda, _ ganmartavs igi. _
roca werda da Cven vfxizlobdiT, albaT xels vuSlidiT, _
daiZineTo, gvetyoda. xSirad Ramec wamoiWreboda loginidan da
SemomZaxebda: „Tamar, Sens mzesa, sawer-kalami momitane erT
wamso.“ dajdeboda da ise werda riJraJamde.
iriJraJebda Tu ara, vaJa mxarze nabads moigdebda da iara-
RiT aRWurvili, sanadirod midioda, an saTib-samkalSi gaswevda.

160
 _ Zalian iRleboda beCavi ganuwyveteli muSaobiT, _ naRvli-
anad dasZens Tamari, _ Rameebic ki ar eZina, xSirad TeTrad aTe-
nebda.
aki Tavadac Cioda:
ise gaivlis sTvlis Rame,
ar momexuWvis Tvalia!...
miSvele, Cemo gamCeno,
miSvele, momec Zalia.
akmare beCavs Cems Tavsa
amdeni codo-bralia!...
_ xSirad vusayvedurebdi xolme: _ ra aris, sul raRacas
swer da eg Seni Sroma Cveni siRaribis wilad ki arafers gvargia.
is gaiRimebda, mere rveuls xelSi aiRebda da wamikiTxavda Tavis
nawers. magram, aba, me ra mesmoda, Svilo? erTi uswavleli qali
var..
Zalian uyvarda sakuTari leqsebis fandurze damRereba; kar-
gi fanduri hqonda, magram damimtvries xelidan xelSi tarebiT,
ver gadavarCine.
stumari uyvarda, amitom Sin Rvinos ar gamailevda, magram
simTvrale ki ar icoda, rigze somda, Wamac ise rigze icoda, co-
ta, magram xSirad...
Tavisi soflidan Znelad Tu wavidoda didi xniT, ufro
zamTarSi midioda xolme Tavisi cxeniT duSeTs an TianeTs. xSi-
rad TbilisSiac Cadioda. kaxeTSiac icoda gasvla; iq mas qali-
Svili hyavda gaTxovili da, garda amisa, nadirobasac eweoda
gareul Rorze, xanac kidev jixvze...

*
CargalSi vnaxeT vaJas erTi mezobelTagani _ ivane molodi-
naSvili. Tumca axalgazrda kaci iyo, vaJaze bevri ram icoda. Ta-
vis erTaderT aRmzrdelad da moamaged miiCnevda:
_ damiZaxebda xolme da metyoda: _ aba, ivane, Svilo, xval
diliT qalaqs mivdivar da duSeTidan cxeni unda damibrunoo...
diliT jer kidev Rameul gavudgebodiT duSeTis gzas, ai, im
tyeebze, xedavT im goras?... bilikebi viwro da iseTi saxifaTo
savali iyo _ xan aRmarTi, xan daRmarTi, rom sanaxevrod fexiT
mivdiodiT, radgan cxenze jdoma SeuZlebeli iyo. duSeTSi Tavis
cxens Camabarebda, Tavad lineikas daujdeboda da savse xurjin-
iT miemgzavreboda qalaqs.
am xurjinSi, rogorc cnobilia, vaJas xSirad Tavisi nawere-
bic elaga. iq is am savse xurjiniT Jurnal-gazeTebis redaqci-
isaTvis yovelTvis sanatreli da Zvirfasi stumari iyo.
dedaqalaqSi Ramis gasaTevad Tavis Zma sandrosTan Cerdebo-
da. sandro fostis uwyebaSi msaxurobda da ojaxTan erTad vera-
ze, mleTis quCaze cxovrobda. dRes am saxlis fasads marma-
rilos memorialuri dafa amSvenebs.
magram qalaqSi vaJa didxans ver Zlebda, guli isev fSavis-
ken miuwevda.
isev fSavis xevs venacvle, gulkeTils, Tavaziansa.
mis mTebs, moxdeniT daqarguls, mis aremares wyliansa.

161
 bevr Zvirfas ambavs ixsenebda Tamari misi dauviwyari „vaJa-
is“ cxovrebidan _ mis yoveldRiur yofaze, mis damqancvel muSa-
obaze mindvrad Tu tyeSi, saxnav-saTessa Tu samkal-saTibSi. wux-
da, roca ixsenebda sayvarel adamians, romelmac Semoxeuli Co-
xiTa da naxevradZirgavardnili qalamnebiT daaRama Tavisi cxov-
rebis dReni.
_ Raribebi viyaviT, magram lukai guls mainc arasodes ar
itexda. rarig uyvarda beCavs es patara Raribuli qoxi da mTeli
ojaxi! rarig uyvarda saqoneli! Tu romelime maTgani gareT
darCeboda, wavidoda da mTeli Rame eZebda. eZebda da bolos ma-
inc moiyvanda Sin. mainc ar gaxdida nadiris lukmad...
Tamari moxucebulobas uCivis:
_ davberdi, Svilo, ra vqna?!... sibere lomsac mareviav, xom
gagigoniaT? mec movidrike, aRar SemiZlia; sanam lukai cocxali
iyo, ojaxsac Tavad uvlida da gareTac Tavad iyo, magram roca
aRar aris, maS, vin unda moabas Tavi aqaurobas? isev me, maS, ra
vqna? me ki jer missobasac ver viyavi srul janze da vCiodi amas,
magram lukai yovelTvis gamamxnevebda xolme Tavisi SeZaxiliT:
_ kargi ra, dedakaco, dadeq, moeSvi wuwuns! mTieli qali
xar, ar gekadreba... ar SegiZlia? neba-neba imuSave, ra geCqareba?
vin mogdevs? janic mogiva da Ronec...
Tamari ixsenebs agreTve vaJas mier araerTxel anderZiviT na-
Tqvams: roca movkvdebi, nu mimatoveb martodmartoo da wuxs, ase
Sors rom aris misi saflavi da ver uvlis mas, ver asrulebs
sayvareli adamianis anderZs:
mkvdars minda Seni sinaTle,
cocxals sicocxlec mkmaria;
trfobiT aRvsili gulisTvis
ca Rrublianic daria.
Tu mze xar, maSin mimzeve,
miSvele Semibralia...
_ bolo wlebSi luka gverds itkivebda, _ naRvlianad igo-
nebs Tamari, _ karga xans Cioda amas, magram ra unda meSvela?...
mere qalaqSi wavida, male davbrundebio, damibara, damibara da
is iyo... veRarc vnaxe meti...
da qali Tavsafris yuriT moridebiT iSrobs Tvalze momd-
gar cremls da Tan mZime fiqrebSi iZireba...

*
vaJas gardacvalebis Semdeg misi naqoni wignebi, agreTve saw-
er-kalmi, xmali, fari da zogierTi ram misi tansacmlidan, Ta-
maris sityviT, wauRia poetis ufros vaJs levans, romelic gorSi
cxovrobda. levanis Semdeg ra bedi ewia am nivTebs, Tamarma ar
icis, radgan levani 1924 wels daxvrites da misi nivTebis Zebnas
vin ras gabedavda.
_ mereda, ukvalod rad unda dakarguliyo vaJas naqoni niv-
Tebi? _ swuxs Cemi Zma grigoli, _ isini xom fasdaudebeli eqspo-
natebi iqneboda poetis memorialuri muzeumisaTvis?...
magram aseTebi jer kidev mainc moiZebnebian vaJaseul qoxSi
da grigoli da vano Tamars am nivTebis SeZenis Sesaxeb esaubre-
bian.

162
 Tamars Zalze enaneba maTi moSoreba, TiTqmis Sezrdilia am
nivTebTan, uyvars isini, magram ra qnas, uars ver ambobs da mxo-
lod moridebiT warmoTqvams:
_ ra vqna, e Zvelmanebi rom waiRoT qalaqSi, merideba, ras
ityvis xalxi... sircxvilia. _ Tan naRvliani TvalebiT dasCerebia
im ,,Zvelmanebs”, TiTqos Zvirfas megobrebs eTxovebao.
„xsovnai Cemi qveynisa aqve, CemTana marxia!...“
gulsa swvdeba poetis es amoZaxili, TiTqos is sios mihqon-
des sadRac da Carglis mTebsa da xeobebs sevdiT avsebdes.

*
uCas, Cems umcros Zmas, ukve mouswria da akvareliT dauxa-
tavs vaJas es patara, WvartliT Semuruli buxriani oTaxi. ar
gamorCenia magida, kedelze Camokidebuli irmis rqebi da, saer-
Tod, ojaxis mTeli garnituri. vaJas, rogorc Tamari ambobs,
didi survili hqonia mSobliur sofelSi damarxuliyo da TiT-
qos anderZiviT werda:
aq nu gamwiravT, wamiReT,
Cems kuTxes mimabareTa,
gza-gza qurdulad mavlieT,
nabadi wamafareTa.
CemT mamapaT gverdiTa
samare gamiTxareTa,
damcqerdes diyelis gori,
inos mTa Wiuxiani...
marTalia, guramiSvilisadmi miZRvnil leqsSi vaJa metismet-
ad Tavmdablobs, roca qveynis gasagonad acxadebs: „poetad vixse-
niebi, Tumca xari var labao, CemisTanebi bagaze asiaTasi abao“,
mas mainc sjeroda Tavisi geniisa da kargad icoda, rom gardac-
valebis mere aucileblad TbilisSi waasvenebdnen da iqaur miwas
miabarebdnen. amis Sesaxeb TviT meuRlesTanac araerTxel uTqvams
Turme.
da axda is, risi Rirsic iyo Cveni didebuli mgosani.

vaJas mezoblebi

aRiniSna, rom im dros vaJas saxli ganmartoebiT idga da

axlo mezoblebi ar hyavda. magram Sori iqneba is Tu axlo, mezo-
beli mainc mudam mezoblis Wirsa da lxins iziarebs.
diliT, rodesac mec da Cemi Zmebic qalbaton TamarTan mas-
laaTiT da garemos TvalierebiT viyaviT garTulni, mezoblis
eqvsi-Svidiode wlis, fexSiSvela da perangisamara patara gogo-
nam Semoirbina. raRac saqmeze gamoegzavna dedas TamarTan. arc ki
amousunTqavs, ise Sedga maspinZlis winaSe da sxapasxupiT raRac
saintereso ambis moyola daiwyo; Tanac, ise seriozulad eWira
Tavi, cxovrebaSi gamocdili didi adamiani gegonebodaT.
cnobismoyvareobam mZlia da bavSvs mivuaxlovdi. axla ukve
garkveviT gavige, Tu ris macned mosuliyo es cerodena gogona:
Turme maTi „boCola“ wuxel mglebs daukbeniaT da biWebs Zlivs
gamouglejiaT. axla SedarebiT ukeT yofila maTi xbo da misi
mSoblebi guldasmiT wamlobdnen sabolood gansakurneblad.
zustad „mzis dabrZanebis dros“ momxdara es yvelaferi.
163
 _ karga mzis dabrZaneba iqneboda, _ gulmodgined ganagrZob-
da gogona da Cvenc siyvaruliT mivCerebodiT mis namzeur lamaz
saxes, bednier Rimils rom afrqvevda garSemo.
bolos gogonam daamTavra tiktiki da iseve swrafad gabrun-
da ukan, rogorc movida. swrafadve gadairbina Carglulaze bo-
giri, mere _ riye da sirbiliT auyva aRmarTs.
meore dRes sagangebod wavediT gogonas sanaxavad, raTa mis-
Tvis suraTi gadagveRo, magram is ukve gaTenebamde amdgariyo da
dedas gahyoloda „ToTo bavSvis misaxedavad“.
netavi sad aris dRes es gogona? _ xSirad vekiTxebi xolme
Tavs da mwyins, didad mwyins, rom SesaZlebloba ver gamoviyeneT
maSin, suraTi ver gadavuReT, saxeli da gvari ver CaviwereT misi,
magram sadac ar unda iyos, mjera, rom dedaa da patara Svilebs
uzrdis samSoblos.
esec didi nugeSia CemTvis da ara marto CemTvis...

Wedela razikaSvili, bekura baCiaSvili, Tedo, ivane

molodinaSvilebi

am yoCaRi gogonas Semdeg fiqrad mogvivida didi mgosnis

sxva zogierTi mezobelic gagvecno.
vaJas saxli Tumca sakmaod daSorebulia soflis ubnebs,
xalxs iqac gaego, rom „razikaanTsa qalaqidan ucxo stumrebi
mosvliaTo, lukais Sesaxeb raime cnobebs hkrefeno“ da Tavad
daiwyes CvenTan siaruli. aq naxavdiT bavSvebs, axalgazrdebs da
moxucebsac.
movidnen da gagvecnen: Wedela razikaSvili, vaJas megobari
da naTlimama _ bekura baCiaSvili, axalgazrda Tedo, solomona,
maRaroskaris Tavmjdomare ioseba da sxvebi. saubris dros movin-
dome am jgufisaTvis samaxsovro fotosuraTis gadaReba da apar-
atic movimarjve, magram maT xelebi gaasavsaves:
_ nu, Tqveni Wirime, samagiso samoseli ar Cagvicvams da ar
ivargebso...
samagierod, uCa akeTebs CarglelTa Canaxatebs da fanqriT
xelSi rig-rigobiT misCerebia bekuras, Wedelas, ivanes, Tedosa
da sxvebs.
bekur baCiaSvilma bevri ram icis Tavis siyrmis megobarze.
Wedela da Tedoc bevr rames gviamboben sainteresos...
_ winaT aseTi saxlebi ar icodnen CvenSi, _ ambobs Tedo, _
iseTi ki ar iyo, vaJas qviTkiri rom aris: saxlebi aq mxolod ba-
niani, miwaSi SeWrili Sendeboda, „moqceuls“ rom etyodnen. maSin
arc buxari hqonda da arc sanaTuri, Tqveneburad _ fanjara, mxo-
lod erTi kari hqonda da eg iyo sul... cecxli keraze enTo,
Tbiloda kidec da mosaxerxebelic iyo Raribi kacisaTvis. magra-
ma qveyana gamoicvala, batono, yvelgan qvitkiris saxli moiwyves!
es kidev fanjarao, es buxario, da ra vici, kidev ra. lukais mama-
sac miwuri hqonda Cems bavSvobaSia, ai, iq, _ xeliT gviCvenebs ez-
os bolos, _ xedavT nasaxlars? is Rvdeli iyo, SaZlebuli, da
TavisTvina mere qviTkiris saxli daidga. exla yvela qviTkiris

164
saxls etaneba. am axloSi cotaRa darCa Zveleburi moqceuli...
„moqceuli saxli“.
_ gana aseT moqceulSi ar gazarda Svilebi pavlema? _ das-
Zens Tedo, _ giorgi, lukai, niko da yvela. giorgi xom peterbux-
Si swavlobda da didi kaci iyo, magram gana sxvaze naklebi
ganaTleba hqondaT Tedosa da sandrosa?

bebo babale

saubarSi isic gamoirkva, rom vaJas saxlidan erTi saaTis

savalze, mTaSi, afxuSos axlos, xidis sofelSi Turme poetis
biZis _ Rvdela razikaSvilis _ qvrivi, moxuci babale cxovrobs
aseT „moqceul saxlSi.“ Cvenc didi mondomebiT da interesiT
gavwieT misken.
gza sul aRmarTiT midis. qvemoT nairferad morTuli velebi
da tyeebi moCanan... CvenTan erTad modis axalgazrda fSaveli
solomona. igi mglis muxliT miabijebs da Tan ganmartebebs gvaZ-
levs: _ ager „CarglisTavi“ alpiuri saZovrebiTa da kldovani
wveriT, ager „diyelisgori“ xSiri foTlovani tyiT, „inos mTa“,
mgosani „Wiuxians“ rom uwodebs, ager kidev „Saldayiani xevebi!“
vaJa albaT am adgilebs gulisxmobda: „damcqerdes diyelis gori,
inos mTa Wiuxiani, yinCad naRranti aqa-iq xevebi Saldayiani.“
ai, mTis jansaRi da sufTa haeri.
ai, kenkra da mwife Sindi, Wkuta vaSli, Txili da kowaxuri.
gza zeviT da zeviT miiwevs, tyesac bolo ar uCans... fSavel-
ebi gvaimedeben, _ male afxuSoSi avalT, sadac erT dros vaJas
Zma niko, igive _ poeti baCana cxovrobdao.
male kidevac gamoCnda mTis wverze gadmoyudebuli gomuris
silueti.
Cveni fSaveli Tanamgzavri nagazebis mosagerieblad dawina-
urda. mas veeberTela xanjari hkidia mxarze da ZaRlebis sulac
ar eSinia. Cven SevdivarT patara ezoSi da „moqceul saxls“ vuy-
urebT.
ai, adamianis uSualo kavSiri bunebasTan!...
ai, fSavuri yofis namdvili nivTieri Zegli. sadRaa aseTi
„moqceuli saxli?“ TiTqos warsuli Semogvcqeris Tavisi umweo-
biTa da sibeCaviT.
kar-midamo sruliad ganmartoebiT dgas, umezoblod da mowy-
enili. irgvliv mxolod tyea da simyudroves Citebis galoba
arRvevs.
ezo xarixiTaa SeRobili; mis iqiT kalo, oriode zvini, „Ti-
vis sari“ da „muxlis Zna“ moCans. marcxniv sabZeldaSenebuli go-
muria. sabZeli yartiTaa daxuruli. baniani anu „moqceuli sax-
li“ mTis ferdSia SeWrili. ezos garSemo kaklis uzarmazari xe-
ebi dganan, ufro iqiT ki wifeli, cacxvi, verxvi, aryi, Tu muxa...
„moqceuli“ fiqalis qviTaa naSenebi. Tu ukana sami kedeli
miwaSia SeWrili, wina meoTxedi _ patara kariTa da derefnis
saSualebiT _ dRis sinaTleze gamodis. am derefans fSavSi „sa-
Cexs“ uwodeben. saCexi fardulia, romelic, sulxan-saba orbeli-
anis ganmartebiT, „derefnis piris saCrdilobel ficars hqvian,“

165
xolo nik. CubinaSvilis „qarTuli leqsikoni“ am sityvas ase gan-
martavs: „derefanTa zedan gavlebul ficruls...“
Cven rom movediT, am saCexSi moxuci qali ijda da patara
saCeCelze matylsa CeCavda. mas Savi tansacmeli emosa. Savi Tavsa-
fari ise Camoefxata Sublze, rom Tvalebi ZlivsRa mouCanda.
ucxo stumrebs, cxadia, ar eloda da roca SegvamCnia, gakvirve-
biT SemogvaSterda:
_ RmerTma Tqven Tav micocxlos! _ gvpasuxobs misalmebaze
da Tan ZaRlebs utevs, mere saCeCels gverdze debs da fexze dge-
ba.
solomona Cvens vinaobaze esaubreba, uxsnis Cveni mosvlis
mizezs, magram, roca vaJas uxsenebs, gakvirvebiT ambobs:
_ vaJai?... vaJai vinaa?... luka? _ hooo, luka, Cemi luka, Cemi
gazrdili lukai, _ sixaruliT imeorebs... masaxeleT, Svilebo,
masaxeleT, Cem mkvdar cxonebama!...
es moxuci babalea, vaJas „Zalua babale“, misi bicola, pavle
razikaSvilis ufrosi Zmis Rvdela razikaSvilis qvrivi.
moxuci „Zalua“ vaJa-fSavelas sakuTar dedasaviT hyvarebia
da sanadirodan Tu samuSaodan momavali, Tu, piriqiT, iqiT mima-
vali, uTuod Seivlida Turme bicolasTan...
_ avi iyo, avi lukai, _ xumrobs moxuci qali, _ sul majavr-
ida, daberdio, aRar geyo jaxiri, ratom ara kvdebio, mere Semom-
xvevda xels da Camikravda gulSi siyvaruliT... eeh, Cemo lukai,
Cemo lukai! _ mwared aqnevs Tavs moxuci da Tvalebi cremlebiT
evseba, _ axalgazrda mokvda ubeduri, axalgazrda... sul raRac
ormoci wlisa!
babales saxlis bans sqlad ayria miwa, romelic zemodan ba-
laxiTa da xavsiT Semosila. Sua adgilze bani gaxsnilia sakvamu-
rad da sanaTurad.
saCexSive babales gverdiT wvanan da icoxnian erTi xnis
xboebi, iqve abia ori Zroxac. saTavsi savsea sxvadasxva Zvelmane-
biT da iaraRiT; Zelebze acmuli Ciri hkidia.
moxuci grZnobs Cvens interess misi saxlisadmi da ambobs: _
meTakileba, Svilebo, rom yvelas kai saxlebi aqv da me ki es
rodindeli moqceuli midga da ver ki gamiaxlebia.
SevdivarT „keraSi“. iq SedarebiT bnela, radgan irgvliv yru
kedlebia. roca kari moxurulia, erTaderTi sinaTle sakvamuri-
dan Camodis,. amitom kari TiTqmis sul Riaa. wvimisa da Tovlis
dros es sakvamuri _ igive sanaTuri _ ixureba, da „kera“ kidev
ufro bneldeba.
„Sua cecxls“ Tavze jaWvis sakideli, igive ojinjali, hki-
dia qvabebisaTvis.
aqvea xis TviTnakeTi WurWelic: jamebi, gobebi, Cognebi, kov-
zebi, kofiebi, skivrebi da mravali sxva. kerasTan „varia“, anu sa-
dRvebeli, hkidia; gverdiT dganan rZiT, yveliT, xaWoTi, SratiT,
naRebiT, doTi da naduRiT savse xisa Tu Tixis WurWlebi. ojaxi
ufro rZiT ikvebeba, iSviaTad _ qaTmis an cxvris xorciT, rome-
lic Zalian Zvirad gamoCndeba xolme babalesa da misi qaliSvi-
lis Rarib sufraze.
moqceulis Tavsa da boloSi ori dedaboZi dgas, orTave
lamazi Zveleburi ornamentebiTaa Semkuli da kvamlisagan Savad
gaprialebuli.

166
 babales saxli namdvili samuzeumo eqsponatia, warsuli
cxovrebis iSviaTi naSTi.
_ wignSi rom rames dawerT, mec masaxeleT, Svilebo, raxan
lukais biZais coli var, _ tkbili RimiliT gveubneba moxuci da
Tan fexze dgeba, raTa vaJas saxelTan dakavSirebuli nivTebi
gviCvenos.
_ agerai lukasobindeli xanjari, fanduri, es kidev mis uwi-
ndeburi yanwebi, kidev mis ufro uwindeburi feSxumi... erTi cxeni
gvyavs, ageraic misi unagiri.
Cven kiTxvas kiTxvaze vaZlevT maspinZels.
_ e ra Cqara mekiTxebiT, Svilebo? mec xom dotorRliv unda
gaCvenoT yvelaferi?... mere da gana SamiZlia cisa da qveynis tol
dedakacs?... amas ra hqvia? _ cremlai hqvia, Svilo, cremlai;
fardagis saqsovia, Svilo, fardagisa... amasa kidev qobai, marili
gviyria Siga... es qobis (qvabis) Camosakidia, qobisa, _ cocxlad
da dauzarelad gvpasuxobs babale.
babale 92 wlisad werebula soflis sameurneo siaSi, TviT-
on ki ambobs _ „orasisa varo“. da mainc ojaxis dedaboZia, rad-
gan ojaxis meore da ukanaskneli wevri _ misi qaliSvili, rome-
lic avadmyofobis gamo gauTxovrad darCenila, bevrs verafers
exmareba moxuc dedas. axla samwyemsaod aris mTaSi wasuli.
vanom da grigolma aqac araerTi nivTi SeiZines muzeumisaTv-
is da metad kmayofilebi gamovbrundiT Carglisaken.

salome

Cven ukve vaJas saxlTan viyaviT, roca erTma qalma cxeni

mgosnis ezoSi SemoaWena, Zirs marjved Camoxta da iqve gomuris
win daaba.
Tamarma mosuli qali gagvacno. is afxuSoeli salome iyo,
Tamaris megobari, moxdenili, Tvaltanadi, briala TvalebiTa da
TeTrad moelvare kbilebiT. Camojda Tamaris gverdiT da CvenTan
saubarSi CaerTo.
salome qvrivia da Tavis sam patara balRs zrdis; amaTgan
ori bavSvi ukve skolaSi dadis sofel afxuSoSi. cxovrobs vaJas
Zmis _ poet baCanas nasaxlarze sruliad ganmartoebiT, radgan
mezoblebi Zalian moSorebiT hyavs.
namgzavr qals daRliloba ar etyoba. maRaroskarSi yofila
eqimTan. diliT adre Rameul CaWrila masTan, raTa sofelSi ZaR-
lisagan dakbenili mezoblis bavSvis samkurnalod amoeyvana, ma-
gram misi erTaderTi nugeSi sxvas waeyvana da salome gawbilebu-
li dabrunda ukan. is isev xelmeored cxeniT unda wavides eqim-
Tan. iqidan ki, rasakvirvelia, Tavad fexiT wamova, aba, eqims xom
ar atarebs qveiTad.
_ ratom ar geSinia, salome, martodmarto siaruli aseT ty-
ian da udabur adgilebze, Tanac Rame? _ ekiTxeba grigoli salo-
mes: _ xom SeiZleba nadiri SegefeTos an ucxo mamakaci
gadageyaros?
_ nadirisa rais meSinia?!... _ mokled mouWra salomem, _ kaci
ki, Tu Semxvdeba, Cveni vinme iqneba, rais meSinia?!... mara es kia, _
daumata man Cafiqrebis Semdeg, _ ro bolo xanSi foStis gzis
167
samuSaoze sxvai vinme mouyvaniaT, qalaqelebi, rusebi da
rusobaCi rai adamiania, ra vici!...
karga xans iyo salome da Tamars raRac samuSaoze waexmara
kidec, mere Tavis dakvriT gamogveTxova yvelas, „cxenais“ mardad
Seaxta da gzas gaudga.
ZalRoniTaa savse es dauRalavi mTieli qali, mTis wiaRSi
dabadebuli da gazrdili. igi kmayofilia Tavisi martivi cxov-
rebiT da SiSic amitom arafrisa aqvs. „raisa eSinia,“ roca al-
almarTalsa da sruliad jansaRs sxvebic amnairive eguleba am
veeberTela da ukidegano qveyanaze. sjera mis mSobliur kuTxeSi
odiTganve damkvidrebuli qalis xeluxleblobisa da misi pati-
viscemis vaJkacuri adaTisa.

*
vaJa-fSavelas cxovrebaSi arasdros Sevxvedrivar, ar mqonia
bednieri SemTxveva misi naxvisa da es garemoeba kidev ufro miZ-
lierebda survils, gavcnobodi mis saxl-karsa da garemos, sadac
cxovrobda da moRvaweobda igi.
kidev kargi, rom droze movaxerxe da CargalSi im dros Cave-
di, roca iq jer kidev cxovrobda misi meuRle Tamari, misi
uaxloesi adamiani da, rogorc ityvian, misi „mesaidumle“. vin
mogvawvdida mgosnis Sesaxeb ufro namdvilsa da WeSmarit cno-
bebs, Tu ara igi? 1935 wels Sesrulebul Canawerebs dRes ukve
Tavisi istoriuli Rirebuleba aqvs. miT ufro, rom axla Tama-
ric aRaraa amqveynad.
misi moyolili ambebi im droisaa, roca vaJas ojaxi inerci-
iT jer kidev Zveli yaidiT ganagrZobda arsebobas, saxl-karsac
isev vaJas droindeli elferi hqonda SerCenili yovelgvari
SekeTeba-Selamazebis gareSe, rac dRes, samwuxarod, aRara aqvs.
ramdeni ram Seicvala mas Semdeg CargalSi!... sofelma Zire-
ulad icvala saxe... aRarc is didebuli adamianebi arian, romle-
bic sisxlxorceulad iyvnen dakavSirebulni genialur poetTan,
magram me mainc zustad 40 wlis Semdeg kvlav cxadad vxedav
qviTkiris saxls, isev Camesmis Tamaris fSavuri kilos sitkboeba.
minda es bedniereba qristes puriviT Tqvenc giwiladoT,
Cveni drois axalo Taobav!

SovSi daviT kakabaZesTan erTad

qarTuli sazogadoebisaTvis kargadaa cnobili Cveni erovnu-

li kulturis erT-erTi didi warmomadgenlis, gamoCenili mxatv-
risa da TaobaTa aRmzrdelis daviT kakbaZis saxeli.
qarTul saxviT xelovnebaSi daviTi namdvili dedaboZi da
wamyvani moazrovne mxatvaria.
misi saxeli jer kidev 1918-19 wlebSi gavigone da didi pati-
viscemiTac ganvimsWvale. xelSi Camivarda daviTis mier parizSi
qarTul enaze gamocemuli xelovnebis sakiTxebisadmi miZRvnili
wignebi da aRtacebuli davrCi misi Teoriuli aRmoCenebiT. es wi-
gnebi dRemde samagido naSromebad rCeba ara marto qarTul, mso-
flio xelovnebaTmcodneobaSic ki. maTi wakiTxvis Semdeg kidev
168
ufro meti sulieri naTesaoba vigrZeni daviTTan, radgan imxanad
mec mxatvrobis didi trfiali gaxldiT da ukve mqonda aTobiT
sakuTari tilo Tu grafikuli Canaxati.
1929 wels kinoreJisorma nino RoRoberiZem filmis gadasaRe-
bad raWaSi daapira wasvla da me, rogorc iqauri, konsultantad
mimiwvia. raoden didi kmayofileba vigrZeni, rodesac kinojgufSi
daviT kakabaZec aRmoCnda. is axali dabrunebuli iyo parizidan
da Tbilisis samxatvro akademiaSi muSaobda pedagogad. Cven Zal-
ian male davuaxlovdiT da davumegobrdiT erTmaneTs. jgufSi im
droisaTvis metad popularuli da aRiarebuli, enamoswrebuli
msaxiobi petre WiWinaZec iyo. ai, am kacTan me da daviTma erTgva-
ri „triumvirati“ SevkariT da SovSi rom CavediT, sastumroSiac
erTad davbinavdiT. erTad davdiodiT mJave wylebze, Sovis mida-
moebSi da vtkbebodiT bunebis simSvenieriT.
,,sastumroelebs” yovelTvis xalisian gunebaze gvayenebda
petres dausrulebeli oxunjoba, enamoswrebuli eqspromtebi da
anekdotebi. Cveni sicil-xarxari mTel sastumros iklebda, magram
daviTi TiTqos sxva qveynidan iyo mosuli da Cveni ena ar esmoda,
arc icinoda da arc laparakobda. xandaxan Tu gaiRimebda. TiT-
qos raRac sxva awuxebda, CvenTvis uCveulo fiqrebi da naRveli.
evropidan Camotanili Tavisi ganuyreli fotoaparati „leikaTi“
mxolod imas iRebda, rac moewoneboda, Tumca misi mosawoni irgv-
liv cota Tu moiZeveboda... Cveulebriv, mSvenieri da Tvalmimtaci
mis yuradRebas ar imsaxurebda... maggvari aq imdenia, firi ar
meyofao...
magram firis ekonomia sul ar gaxsenebia, roca erTxel on-
Si, ebraelTa ubanSi naxevrad waqceuli xis Zveli WiSkari dai-
naxa; ucbad moimarjva „leika“ da sxvadasxva mxridan ramden-
jerme gadaiRo.
daviTma metad saintereso, mimzidveli da Sinaarsiani sauba-
ri icoda, magram bevri laparaki ar sCveoda, sityvaZunwobda,
sul fiqrebSi iyo CaZiruli. erTxel, rodesac evropaSi Tavisi
cxovrebis Sesaxeb miyveboda, naRvlianad SemomCivla, rom peter-
burgidan ase ugvianeben stereoskopuli kinos gamogonebis pa-
tents. mere dananebiT daamata, ra dro, Zala da energia dasWirda
evropaSi yofnisas stereokinos gamogonebisaTvis, rogori miRwe-
vebi aqvs am dargSi da ra saxis patentebi miuRia.
_ Cemi gamogonebiT viRac sxva isargeblebs da me pirSi Cal-
as gamomavleben. ramdeni boroti saqmosania amqveynad, _ arada,
kinos am axal dargs, romelic mxolod axla idgams fexs, didi
momavali aqvso. da dawvrilebiT amixsna fizikaSi axali aRmoCe-
nebis, optikis saganTa moculobis da sxva saxis siaxleni.
mojadoebuli vusmendi da mikvirda misi esoden didi ganswa-
vluloba da farTo erudicia. Tumca isic maxsovda, rom man
umaRlesi ganaTleba peterburgSi sabunebismetyvelo fakultetze
fizika-maTematikis ganxriT miiRo.
daviTis SiSi, rom misi gamogonebiT sxva isargeblebda, usa-
fuZvlo ar gamodga. marTlac, dRes misi gamogonebuli stereoki-
no, Tanamedrove teqnikiT aRWurvili, ukve sxvis gamogonebad aRi-
arebuli, mTel msoflioSia gavrcelebuli.
am saocnebo saqmiT daviTi imdenad iyo dakavebuli, rom
mxatvroba TiTqmis aRarc ki axsovda; mis Sesaxeb gacilebiT mets

169
laparakobda, meti xalisiTa da STagonebiTac ki, vidre xelovne-
bis sakiTxebze. ise ganvles SovSi yofnis dReebma, rom daviTs
erTi ubralo Canaxatic ki ar gaukeTebia, fanqaric ki ar auRia
xelSi.
es ambavi Zalian mawuxebda, radgan daviTis Semoqmedebis di-
di pativismcemeli viyavi da msurda Cemi TvaliT menaxa misi muSa-
oba tiloze; albomic ki ar hqonda wamoRebuli, zogierT mxa-
tvars gamudmebiT rom ukavia xelSi da wamdauwum akeTebs Cana-
xatebs.
daviTis stereokinoTi gataceba, rogorc Cans, dResac ar da-
viwyebula da SarSan zafxuls amis Sesaxeb gazeT „TbilisSi“
(9.VI_1981 w.) SesaniSnavi werili gamoqveynda aseTi saTauriT:
„stereokino da saqarTvelo.“
daviT kakabaZes me vicnobdi, rogorc martooden mxatvars da
vnanobdi, rom Tavis did niWsa da unars sxva dargSi flangavda,
Tundac iseT sferoSi, rogorc maSin jer kidev sruliad ucnobi
moculobiTi kino iyo. roca saubari mis mniSvnelobaze Camovar-
deboda, me saubars gangeb ferweraze gadavitandi xolme, magram
daviTi „sivrceze“, „moculobaze“ da „reliefze“ melaparakeboda,
rac, misi azriT, dasavleT evropis plastikur xelovnebas axasi-
aTebda. me am filosofias mainc naklebad vugdebdi yurs, ar main-
teresebda arc „kubizmi“, arc „neokubizmi,“ romelTa Sesaxeb is
Teoriulad ki laparakobda, magram praqtikulad realisturi
tradiciebiT ganagrZobda muSaobas. misi SesaniSnavi ferweruli
avtoportretebi, dedis portreti da „wurblebis gamyidveli,“
xolo grafikaSi _ Zveli Tbilisis ramdenime Canaxati aSkarad
metyvelebda misi realisturi xelovnebisadmi erTgulebas, mag-
ram, bunebrivia, SemoqmedebiTi Ziebis procesSi gamosaxvis sxvada-
sxva formebiTac iyo gatacebuli.
misi RmerTi genialuri fermweri leonardo da vinCi iyo;
xSirad imeorebda xolme mis gamonaTqvamebs xelovnebaze, magram
imasac ambobda, rom xelovnebas bunebisaTvis ar unda miebaZa, ar
unda damoneboda mas. piriqiT rac ufro Tavisufalia nawarmoebi
bunebis monuri mibaZvisagan, miT ufro mxatvrulia igio...
erTxel sofelSi davpatiJe. vicodi, amiT Zalian gavaxarebdi
Cveni ojaxis wevrebs, gansakuTrebiT daviTis students, Cems Zmas
uCas, romelic im dros Tbilisis samxatvro akademiaSi swavlob-
da da sul Tavis maswavlebelTa _ lado gudiaSvilisa da daviT
kakabaZis _ xsenebaSi iyo.
lineikiT onisaken gavwieT. Cveni melineike gadaRmeli osi
iyo da qarTuli ena saerTod ar icoda. erT adgilas gzatke-
cilis SemkeTebeli glexebi Semogvxvdnen. erTi maTgani Cveni gam-
yolis nacnobi aRmoCnda da Zalzed esimovnaT erTmaneTis naxva.
_ Ne xotel rabotat> za p%t> dollarov, tak vot rabotay za dva
rubl%! _ siciliT miutrialda nacnobs osi mamakaci, roca ukve
muSebisagan Sors viyaviT da SekeTebul gzaze TqaraTquriT mive-
qanebodiT. mere Cvenc gangvimarta, Tu rogor muSaobdnen erTad
amerikaSi xe-tyis damzadebaze da rogor moawyves gaficva xuTi
dolaris gamo, dRiurad rom aZlevdnen, magram momatebis magier,
sulac dauTxoviaT samsaxuridan. am sityvebze osi xmamaRla xar-
xarebda da Cvenc gulianad gvacinebda. xmamaRla icinoda daviT-

170
ic. aman, cxadia, Zalian gamakvirva, radgan aseTi ram mTeli zaf-
xulis manZilze ar gamegona misgan.
sazogadod, daviTi suliTa da xorciT jansaRi adamianis
STabeWdilebas tovebda. tanad saSualo simaRlisa iyo, mkvrivi
agebulebis, mxrebSi lamazad gaSlili. gegonebodaT, Tavis dReSi
frCxilic ar wamostkivebiao. icvamda sadad, umetesad ruxi fe-
ris kostums da dinjad miabijebda quCaSi, miabijebda mTeli Ta-
visi Rirsebis SegnebiT, magram, amasTan, uaRresad Tbili, Tavmda-
bali da mokrZalebuli gaxldaT.
erTxel Cveni lineikiT uweraSi wavediT da gzis piras qveda
ubnis civ mJave wylebs SeveqceodiT. ucbad qvemodan ori msubuqi
manqana mosrialda da orive mJave wyalTan gaCerda. mgzavrebidan
SamSe leJava, abel enuqiZe, aleqsandre svaniZe da Salva eliava
Sevicani. iyvnen agreTve CemTvis ucnobi pirebic. Salvas meuRlec
axlda.
Zalian gamexarda da guliT mivesalme maT. moikles Tu ara
wyurvili, Sovisaken ganagrZes gza da Cvenc davedevneT. glolis
xidTan, sadac aseve civi wyali moCuxCuxebs, stumrebi isev gadmo-
vidnen manqanebidan da mindorze muxli gamarTes. aq ki daviTma
veRar moiTmina da Tavisi „leika“ moimarjva. xom ar iukadriseben
gadaRebaso, mkiTxa daviTma, magram maT araTu iukadrises, Seg-
rovdnen erTad kldidan moglejil lodze, romelic rionSia
Caxergili da mec maTTan erTad gadaviRe suraTi.
manqanebSi rom sxdebodnen, Salva eliavam mkiTxa, _ vinaa es
axalgazrda fotografio da, roca vupasuxe, _ daviT kakaba-
Zea-meTqi, Tvalebi gaufarTovda da yuradRebiT miaCerda mas.
_ cnobili mxatvaria? _ isev gamimeora kiTxva Salvam.
_ ra Tqma unda, _ vupasuxe siamayiT. da man Tavis meuRlesac
gaacno igi. SamSe leJavas da aleqsandre svaniZes ki ar dasWirve-
biaT misi gacnoba, isedac kargad icnobdnen.
daviTi Cvens ojaxSi ori dRe darCa. uCa Rirseuli stumris
samaspinZlod datrialda. zogierTi Tavisi namuSevaric aCvena. aC-
vena agreTve onSi akakis stumrobis dros Cem mier daxatuli mgo-
snis portretic, gaacno Cveni maSindeli sofluri kar-midamo da
didad asiamovna Zvirfas maswavlebels.
uCasac tkbil mosagonrad darCa daviTis ordRiani stumroba.
Cvenebic Zalze kmayofilni iyvnen. magram uCas guli wydeboda,
rom daviTisTvis raime Canaxatis Sesruleba ar uTxovia; mec ara-
feri damrCenia misgan samaxsovrod, ubralo avtografic ki. es im
dros, roca didi lado gudiaSvilisagan mSvenieri naxati maqvs
saxsovrad megobruli warweriT damSvenebuli. dRemde saTuTad
vinaxav. suliTa da guliT miyvars es mSvenieri qmnileba.
Sovis Semdeg daviTs xSirad vxvdebodi TbilisSi da vxarob-
di masTan saintereso saubrebiT, SovSi gatarebuli dReebis
gaxsenebiT.
1934 wels Cemma vaJma, romelmac im wels daamTavra pirveli
saSualo skola, umaRlesi ganaTlebis misaRebad samxatvro aka-
demiaSi Sesvla moisurva. kargadac xatavda.
soflidan rom davbrundiT TbilisSi, ukve gviani iyo da ga-
mocdebi yvela umaRles saswavlebelSi damTavrebuli gaxldaT,
magram me mainc Sevedi akademiaSi da daviTi Tavis kabinetSi movi-
naxule. maSin is akademiis proreqtori iyo.

171
 vuTxari Cemi gasaWiri.
Zalian Sewuxda: _ dagvianebulia, Zalze gauZneldeba amxana-
gebis daweva, magram mainc vsinjoTo... _ miiRo da, givi araTu
CamorCa Tanatolebs, bevr maTgans gauswro kidec. daviTis es
sikeTe arasodes damaviwydeba...
didi xania aRar aris daviTi...
kidev kargi, erTi fotosuraTi mainc damrCa, erTad rom
gadaviReT sawalikes mTaze, sofel wkadisSi.
aTas kacSi gamoarCevdiT am keTilSobil adamians misi metad
Taviseburi da mimzidveli garegnobiT, amaRlebuli suliT.

nikoloz baraTaSvilis neStis gadasveneba

didubidan mTawmindaze

rogorc cnobilia, nikoloz baraTaSvilis neSti ganjidan

gadmosvenebis Semdeg dakrZales didubis panTeonSi 1893 wlis 25
aprils.
1938 wels mweralTa kavSiris iniciativiT isev daisva sakiT-
xi poetis didubidan mTawmindis panTeonSi gadasvenebisa.
am saqmis xelmZRvaneloba daevala literaturul muzeums da
didubis panTonis direqtors ivane enikolofaSvils.
literaturis muzeumSi imxanad muSaobda Cemi Zma grigoli
da masTan erTad mec am mzadebas gansakuTrebuli interesiT vad-
evnebdi Tvalyurs. didi survili mqonda, gadasvenebis istoriul
moments aucileblad davswrebodi. am ganzraxvas maincdamainc ar
axmaurebdnen, raTa xalxis mosalodnel mozRvavebas misi ganxo-
rcielebisaTvis xeli ar SeeSala.
pirvel yovlisa daSales poetis Zegli, romelic neStTan
erTad unda aetanaT mTawmindaze. 15 oqtombers diliT adre saf-
lavic gaTxares. iq iyvnen sagangebod gamoyofili komisiis wevre-
bi: alio maSaSvili, giorgi leoniZe, Salva dadiani, sandro San-
SiaSvili, pavle ingoroyva, ilo mosaSvili da sxvebi. roca akl-
dama gamoCnda, muSebma sifrTxiliT Catexes qviTkiriT amoSenebu-
li saxuravi da komisiis wevrebma saflavis siRrmidan amoiRes
TuTiis sakmaod mozrdili yuTi, romelSic moTavsebuli iyo poe-
tis neSti. yuTi frTxilad xis kuboSi Cadges da sabargo manqa-
niT mTawmindisaken waasvenes.
Cvenc am manqanas gavyeviT.
vinaidan panTeonamde jer kidev ar iyo saavtomobilo gza,
besikis quCis aRmarTze kubo mwerlebma da gamyolebma mxrebiT
aitanes.
mTawmindaze neSts daxvdnen mweralTa kavSiris warmomadgen-
lebi, mecnierebisa da xelovnebis moRvaweni, SemTxveviT mosuli
xalxi.
vidre kubos saflavSi Caasvenebdnen, profesorma v.JRentma
komisiis wevrTa TandaswrebiTa da daxmarebiT TuTiis yuTidan
magidaze gadmoitana micvalebulis ConCxi da moaxdina misi mec-

172
nieruli daTvaliereba, aRdgena-gazomva, ris Semdeg komisiis wev-
rebTan erTad Seadgina saTanado oqmi.
am gasinjvam xelaxla daadastura poetis marcxena fexis
wvivis Zvlis dazianeba, romelic SeamCnies ganjaSic, saflavidan
amoRebis dros 1893 wels.
TuTiis yuTSi ConCxTan erTad aRmoCnda liTonis erTi Rili,
SesaZloa micvalebulis mundiridan darCenili. Rili, rogorc
maxsovs, yuTSi aRar CaubrunebiaT da is SemdgomSi literaturu-
li muzeumisaTvis unda gadaecaT.
ConCxi TuTiis yuTSi moTavsda, es yuTi isev xis kuboSi Ca-
idga da damswreTa dumilSi nel-nela CauSves axal saflavSi.
man bina daido „winaparTa saflavebs“ Soris, mis sayvarel
mTawmindaze.
Semodgomis SesaniSnavi, mziani dRe idga. damswreni mdumared
idgnen da gulCaTxrobilni dasCerebodnen poetis mesame samares.
gulSi Tumca kaeSani dasadgurebuliyo, iqve, TiTqos, didi akakis
sityvac Cagvesmoda, poetis dakrZalvis dRes rom warmoTqva di-
dubeSi 1893 wels. „aravis gegonoT, aq Cveni Sekreba TiTqos glo-
va da zari iyos, es Cveni litaniobaa da mzeSina, poetis samare
es ki araa, yoveli qarTvelis gulia. samSoblos gareT Tu Caesve-
na, es imitom, rom samSobloSi metis ZlierebiT aRmobrwyinebu-
liyoo.“
WeSmaritad aRmobrwyinda kidec ukvdaveba didi poetisa da
kidev ufro meti naTeli mohfina Cvens erovnul Segnebas.
poetis dakrZalvas mTawmindaze, komisiis wevrTa garda, esw-
rebodnen: simon Ciqovani, grigol abaSiZe, geronti qiqoZe, irakli
abaSiZe, konstantine gamsaxurdia, Salva afxaiZe, dimitri benaSvi-
li, sergo kldiaSvili, aleqsandre abaSeli, aleqsandre gomia-
Svili, vaso gorgaZe, platon keSelava da sxvebi.
dakrZalvis monawileTa Soris iyo agreTve poetis diswuli
giorgi sumbaTaSvili.
Zeglic male iqna aRdgenili da igi dResac amayad dgas sxva
ukvdavTa Zeglebs Soris.

gigo gabaSvilis erTi ucnobi namuSevris gamo

Cveni xalxi jerovnad afasebs mSobliur saxviT xelovnebas,

siyvaruliT da yuradRebiT eqceva yovel nawarmoebs, rogorc
erovnuli sulis gamovlinebis mravlismetyvel nimuSs.
kerZod, aseTi suliskveTebiTaa gamsWvaluli is Cveni didi
mxatvris gigo gabaSvilis Semoqmedebisadmi, romelic metad mniS-
vnelovania, rogorc uaRresad xalxuri da Rrmad erovnuli mov-
lena. misi yoveli namuSevari, rogorc aqamde gvegona, aRricxuli
da daculi iyo.
magram Turme gamonaklisic yofila. misi mxatvruli memkvid-
reobis nawils jer kidev ar icnobda xelovnebaTmcodneoba.
ai, ras ambobs prof. m.duduCava: „gigo gabaSvilma ori aTas-
ze meti suraTi, eskizi, naxati, etiudi da monasmi Seqmna, da udi-

173
desi nawili am SesaniSnavi memkvidreobisa ucnobia da ugzo-ukv-
lod gafantuli.“
TiTqmis aseTive azrisaa gigo gabaSvilis Semoqmedebis meore
mkvlevari i.uruSaZe, romelic agreTve miiCnevs, rom mxatvris mra-
valricxovan nawarmoebTagan bevri dakargulia an sazRvargare-
Taa gatanili.
am garemoebaTa gamo miT ufro sasiamovno unda iyos, Tu sad-
me aRmoCndeba misi romelime namuSevari.
da ai, aRmoCnda kidec! aRmoCnda sruliad SemTxveviT da yov-
elgvari kvlevisa da Ziebis gareSe. esaa zeTis saRebavebiT dawe-
rili portreti (tilo 75 X 40), romelic asaxavs axalgazrda
qalis saxes, zomiT naturalurze odnav meti, margalitis mZivis
yelsakidiTa da mozrdili „broSiT“ gulze. es qali aris elene
maCabeli-CerqeziSvilisa, asuli Cveni sasiqadulo mwerlis,
Seqspiris ubadlo mTargmnelis, ivane maCablisa.
aRmoCnda is, rogorc mosalodneli iyo, CerqeziSvilebis
ojaxSi.
rodis da ra pirobebSi daiwera es portreti? ra mizeziT
darCenila uyuradRebod savsebiT dasrulebuli nawarmoebi far-
To sazogadoebisaTvis?
saxelovani mxatvari gigo gabaSvili imTaviTve megobrobda
ivane maCablis ojaxs da xSiri stumaric iyo misi, magram ojaxis
wevrTa ferweruli asaxva, rogorc Cans, ar ufiqria, Tumca isini
metad mimzidvel masalas warmoadgendnen saamisod.
marTalia, Jurnal „droSis“ 1963 wlis me-12 nomerSi moTav-
sebuli gigo gabaSvilis suraTi _ „qarTveli qali aRdgomis
kvercxiT xelSi“ ivane maCablis meuRlis da elene maCablis
dedis _ tasos portretad miiCneoda, magram es Secdoma aRmoCnda.
rogorc TviT elenem Tqva, suraTze ar aris gamosaxuli taso
maCabeli.
mxatvars mxolod sicocxlis ukanasknel xans _ ocdaaTian
wlebSi ganuzraxavs daewera elene maCablis portreti da miumar-
Tavs kidec misTvis. es iyo 1930-1933 wlebSi.
rogorc qalbatoni elene ixsenebs, portretis Seqmnas TiT-
qmis aTamde seansi mondomebia, radgan mxatvari daJinebiT eZebda
zust msgavsebas, rac moxucebulobis gamo, albaT, advilad aRar
uxerxdeboda.
_ me meamayeboda, rom aseTi gamoCenili mxatvari werda Cems
portrets, magram CemTan saTanado msgavsebas ver vatyobdi da
amitom naxatis silamazec ar mitacebda maincdamainc, _ ambobs
qalbatoni elene, _ miT ufro, rom TviTon mxatvaric sakmaod
nerviulobda amis gamo.
maS, rogor moxvda mxatvris arqividan es suraTi elene maCa-
beli-CerqeziSvilis ojaxSi, Tuki is qalbaton elenes „ar ita-
cebda maincdamainc?“
igi elene maCablisaTvis mxatvris meuRles 1936 wels gamoug-
zavnia, roca man qmris gardacvalebis Semdeg mTeli misi memkvid-
reoba, rac ki binaSi aRmoCenila, qarTveli sazogadoebriobis
warmomadgenlebs gadasca.
mas Semdeg iwyeba am portretis „meore istoria“, Tumca Cer-
qeziSvilebis ojaxSi mas istoria arc hqonia, radgan raime funq-
cias ar asrulebda. mas saTuTad inaxavdnen, rogorc didi Semoq-

174
medis nawarmoebs da, rogorc vfiqrob, arc mis sajarod gamota-
naze ufiqriaT. wlebis ganmavlobaSi CerqeziSvilebis ojaxSi Ce-
mi mravalgzis stumrobisas es suraTi ar minaxavs, arc araferi
msmenia da amitom arc arseboba vicodi misi.
magram, erTxel sruliad SemTxveviT, CerqeziSvilebis ojax-
Si Cveulebrivi saubris dros elene maCabel-CerqeziSvilisam, ro-
melic cnobilia ara marto maRali sulieri TvisebebiT, aramed
iSviaTi garegnobiTa da mokrZalebulobiTac, Tavis ferwerul
portretTa Soris, romlebic Cvens mxatvrebs odesme dauweriaT,
gakvriT gigo gabaSvilis namuSevaric moixsenia.
q-n elenes didi xania vicnob da aseTi ram misgan arasdros
msmenia, amitom aRar moveSvi, yvelaferi dawvrilebiT gamovkiTxe...
_ Senaxuli maqvso, _ miTxra arc ise xalisiT.
me _ mosveneba dakarguli meore dRes, isev gamovecxade Cer-
qeziSvilebis ojaxs da bolis da bolos, rogorc iqna, vixile
gigo gabaSvilis maneriTa da iSviaTi koloritiT dawerili
axalgazrda qalis portreti, romelic qveCarCoze araa gadaWimu-
li, ufro ki amoWrilia iqidan, amitom ferebi aqa-iq damskdari
da dazianebulia.
_ ratom ar fendiT ojaxSi, an ratom arafers ambobdiT mis
Sesaxeb? _ vkiTxe q-n elenes.
_ me ukve mogaxseneT, rarig gulgrilad iyo ganwyobili
misdami avtori da ar gamouqveynebia. mec amitom Sevikave Tavi,
miT ufro, rom Cemi portreti, rogorc aseTi, sazogadoebisaTvis
sainteresos arafers warmoadgens. me mainc mowiwebiT vinaxavdi
mas, radgan mwamda, rom is Tavis mniSvnelobas ar dakargavda.
odesme mxatvruls Tu ara, istoriul rols mainc Seasrulebda.
xsenebuli namuSevari, rasakvirvelia, ver gautoldeba avto-
ris mier axalgazrdobaSi Seqmnil Sedevrebs, rogoricaa „mZinare
xevsuri“ da mravali sxva, magram mxatvris SemoqmedebiTi biogra-
fiisaTvis mainc didi mniSvneloba aqvs.
portretze arc avtoris xelweraa da arc TariRia aRniSnu-
li; amitom, rogorc ki misi mflobelis q-n elenes nebarTva mivi-
Re, Cems Zmas uCas vaCvene. uCam umalve icno misi maswavleblis xe-
li, metad nasiamovnebi darCa da didxansac ucqerda yuradRebiT.
_ pirwavardnili gigo gabaSvilia! _ Tqva man bolos, _ oR-
ond misi sicocxlis ukanaskneli wlebis.
gigo gabaSvili, elene maCablis sityviT, griboedovis quCaze,
axlandel samxatvro akademiis SenobaSi cxovrobda, zeda sar-
Tulze, sadac ori oTaxi ekava. am oTaxTagan didi saxelosnod
da sastumrod hqonda gamoyofili, ufro patara ki _ saojaxod.
iq misi meuRle o.miulbaumi saqmianobda, simpaTiuri germaneli
qali, romelmac miunxenSi gaicno mxatvari da Seiyvara. xolo
garkveuli xnis Semdeg masTan erTad Camovida saqarTveloSi da
cxovrebis gzaze erTgulad uwevda uRels.
_ o.miulbaumi xSirad werda dRiurebs, _ SeniSnavs elene
maCabeli, _ sadac, albaT, arcTu mcire masala iqneba gigo gaba-
Svilis cxovrebaze.
zamTarSi, rodesac did oTaxSi acivdeboda, xolo misi gaT-
boba arc ise advilad SeiZleboda, gigo mTeli samuSao iaraRiT
gadadioda patara oTaxSi, romelsac pawia Tunuqis RumeliT aT-
bobda da iq muSaobda. Cems portretsac im patara oTaxSi werda,

175
radgan zamTari iyo da cioda, _ amTavrebs did mxatvarsa da mis
ojaxze Tavis saintereso saubars pativcemuli elene maCabeli.
metad savalaloa, rom sacxovrebeli bina da saxelosno, sa-
dac mxatvars araerTi brwyinvale tilo Seuqmnia, araa cnobili
sazogadoebisaTvis. sul ubralo memorialuri dafa samxatvro
akademiis Rirsebas sxva elfers Sematebda. miT ufro, rom gigo
gabaSvili aqtiurad monawileobda akademiis daarsebaSi. cnobi-
lia isic, rom mas wlebis ganmavlobaSi profesorad umuSavia da
araerTi saxelovani ostati aRuzrdia Cveni qveynisaTvis.
saxelovani mxatvari WeSmaritad imis Rirsia, rom is wminda
adgili, sadac mas ucxovria da umoRvawia, cnobili iyos Cveni
sazogadoebis farTo wreebisaTvis. misi xelidan gamosuli arc
erTi nawarmoebi ucnobi ar unda darCes xalxisaTvis.

i.m. sarkizov-serazini

ivane mixeilis Ze sarkizov-serazins jer kidev moskovis uni-

versitetidan vicnobdi, rodesac is samedicino fakultetze swav-
lobda. es iyo 1910-1912 wlebi.
moskovis universitetis Semdeg, ukve TbilisSi, 1941 wlis ga-
zafxulze Sevxvdi. igi Tbilisis fizkulturis institutSi gamo-
saSvebi gamocdebis Tavmjdomared iyo movlinebuli. ivane mixe-
ilis Ze im dros ukve xandazmuli gaxldaT, medicinis mecniere-
baTa doqtori, mecnierebis damsaxurebuli moRvawe, mwerali da
araerTi saintereso wignis avtori, romelTa Sorisaa metad saWi-
ro gamokvleva: „Put> k zdorov>h.“ TbilisSi Camosvlis momentSi
ivane mixeilis Ze moskovis fizkulturis centraluri saxelmwi-
fo institutis samkurnalo fakultetis kaTedris gamged muSaob-
da; iyo ubadlo leqtori da enciklopediuri codnis mecnieri.
didad gavixareT erTmaneTis naxviT. gavixseneT Cveni Zveli
nacnobebi, moskovis universitetis studentebi, studenturi cxov-
reba, xolo roca moskovSi gabrunda, erTmaneTTan xSirad gvqon-
da miwer-mowera.
1958 wlis aprilSi moskovSi mivlinebiT vimyofebodi. ra
Tqma unda, Cems megobarsac mivakiTxe. Zalian gaexarda Cemi dana-
xva da sayveduric miTxra, _ winaswar ratom ar macnobe moskovSi
Camosvlao. Cveulebisamebr megobruli saubari gavabiT da mTel
rig ambebTan erTad, misi TbilisSi yofnis dReebic gavixseneT.
saqarTveloSi ivane mixeilis Ze mxolod orjer iyo namyofi,
magram misi warsuli da awmyo kargad icoda; icnobda bevr qar-
Tvel moRvawes, gansakuTrebiT mxatvrebTan megobrobda, maT So-
ris _ aleqsandre cimakuriZesTan, qeTo maRalaSvilTan, elene
axvledianTan, uCa jafariZesTan, grigol mesxsa da sxvebTan. xe-
lovnebaSi yvelaze ufro ferwera izidavda. moskovSi mis binaze
(Ckalovis quCa) SeiZleboda genaxaT aivazovskis originalebi, ro-
melTa raodenoba ocdaaTamde aRwevda. arc Tu patara ganZia! es
ukve saxviTi xelovnebis namdvili muzeumia! magram ivane mixei-
lis Zis binaSi marto aivazovskis naxatebi ki ara, ucxoel mxat-

176
varTa originalebic bevri iyo gamofenili: ticiani, grinie, arxi-
povi, kukriniqsebi da kidev sxva didostatTa namuSevrebi. 1960
wels sarkizov-serazinma xsenebuli originalebi tretiakovis ga-
lereas gadasca ufasod. es ambavi xazgasmiT aRniSna 1960 wlis
(# 178) gazeTma „izvestiam“. tretiakovs sul 90 cali namuSevari
gadaeca saCuqrad.
ivane mixeilis Ze, misi meuRle da qaliSvili mTxovdnen ki-
dev ori dRe davrCeniliyavi maTTan. magram me gadaudebeli saqme-
ebis gamo ar SemeZlo; amitom maspinZelma pirdapir Tavis wignT-
sacavSi gamiyvana. damaTvalierebina mecnieruli xasiaTisa da xe-
lovnebis amsaxveli wignebis uzarmazari koleqcia. am ganZs is
mxolod yvelaze axlobel megobrebs Tu uCvenebda xolme. saca-
vis kedlebi naxatebiT iyo damSvenebuli, romelTa Soris aivazo-
vskis namuSevrebi Warbobda. zogi naxati pirdapir iatakze ewyo.
me mxolod axlaRa mivxvdi, ase dabejiTebiT ratom epatiJe-
boda xolme uCas, _ ticianis, grinies, dobiniasa da sxvaTa
originalebs giCvenebo...
is wlebis manZilze iZenda am namuSevrebs. rogorc Tavis say-
varel wignebs, ise uvlida maTac da bolos es yvelaferi tret-
iakovis galereas gadasca, romelic isedac mdidaria msoflios
xelovnebis brwyinvale nimuSebiT. mamis es keTilSobiluri saq-
cieli Zalian aRizianebda ivanes erTaderT gaTxovil qaliSvils
da am niadagze didi usiamovnebac hqondaT, magram profesori
mainc ar iSlida Tavisas da biblioTeka-muzeumebs ori milioni
maneTis ganZi usaCuqra. mamasTan brZolaSi damarcxebulma qaliS-
vilma Suri imiT iZia, rom roca ivane saxlSi ar iyo, qmarTan er-
Tad gaitaca mamis mTeli oqrouloba da vercxleuli. sarkiz-
ov-serazinma es ambavi mwuxarebiT mauwya TbilisSi. misma qali-
Svilma svetlanam, bandit qmarTan erTad, Turme pirwmindad ga-
Zarcva misi bina. saSinlad wuxda profesori.
TiTqos bukinistur maRaziaSi movxvdi, maSinve vigrZeni uZve-
lesi da unikaluri wignebis sunTqva. iataki, fanjris rafebi, Ta-
roebi mTlad wignebiT iyo avsili. etyoba, profesori axaris-
xebda maT.
_ esaa bukinistebTan Cemi ormoci wlis siarulis Sedegi, _
miTxra maspinZelma, _ ukanasknel kapiks ar viSurebdi am wignebi-
saTvis. rasac inatrebT, yvelaferi maqvs Cems biblioTekaSi, TiT-
qmis yvela enaze gamocemuli, sxvadasxva drois, Sinaarsis, mxat-
vruli Rirsebis... magram rodemde unda vuyuro am wignebs puSkin-
is Zunwi raindiviT? me ukve movxucdi da Cem Semdeg yvelaferi
ise gaifanteba, kapikad ar eRireba Cemi amdeni xnis wvaleba. amit-
om dargobrivad valageb maT da nel-nela vugzavni sxvadasxva
biblioTekebs, maT Soris TbilisSiac gavgzavne ramdenime wigni,
romlebSiac aRmosavleTis sakiTxebia gaSuqebuli. vfiqrob, yve-
las dagainteresebT isini. sxva biblioTekaSi rom moxvdes da
mkiTxveli ar hyavdes, aseTi wignebis fasi kapiki iqneba.
_ Tbilisi internacionaluri qalaqia. iq sxvadasxva erov-
nebis adamianebi cxovroben, amdenad Tqven mier gagzavnili wigne-
bi, romlebic aRmosavleTmcodneobas Seexeba, maTTvisac gamosa-
degi iqneba, _ davamSvide sarkizov-serazini. _ amitom Tqven Tu
kidev geqnebaT aseTi Sinaarsis wignebi, umjobesia, Tbilisis sa-
jaro biblioTekaSi gagzavnoT.

177
 maspinZeli maSinve dameTanxma, xolo 1960 wlis 2 agvistos
werilSi kidec mwerda, rom 10 manqana wigni gaizida misi bibli-
oTekidan moskovis sxvadasxva dawesebulebebisa da biblioTekebi-
saTvis _ rogoricaa istoriuli muzeumi, puSkinis muzeumi da
sxv. TbilisSi SeeZlo ufro meti wignis gagzavna, magram siSoris
gamo es cota mouxerxebeli iyo. saWiro Seiqna maTi gadarCeva,
SefuTva, fostaSi mitana da TbilisSi gagzavna, es ki moxuci
adamianisaTvis Zalian Zneli gaxldaT. amis gamo Tbilisis sa-
jaro biblioTekaSi yvelaze naklebi wigni moxvda da, SesaZloa,
isinic ar moxvedriliyo, me rom ar Cavsuliyavi moskovSi miv-
linebiT da ar vwvevodi Cems Zvel megobars... Cem win elaga kla-
proTis, turneforis, parotis, gambas, verderevskis, bolxoviti-
novis, platon ioselianisa da sxvaTa wignebi... romeli erTi ame-
Ro, romeli gadamefurcla, ar vicodi; pirdapir Tavgza amebna...
italiur enaze gamocemul wigns „Se Navigationi“ ivane mixeilis
Zis xeliT aseTi ram aqvs miwerili: „me-16 saukunis italieli
mogzauris franCesko floris iSviaTi aRwerebi maSindeli os-
maleTis, saberZneTis, somxeTisa da afrikis Crdilo napirisa.
wigni miZRvnilia saxelovani don Juan avstrielisadmi da Semku-
lia Zvirfasi graviurebiT. wigni gamocemulia 1577 wels.“
zogi wigni 1607 welsaa dabeWdili, zogic _ cota mogvianeb-
iT. maTi umetesoba pirdapir unikaluria; aq aris gasuli sauku-
nis pirvel naxevarSi rusul enaze gamocemuli mxatvruli nawar-
moebebi ,,Qernjy god“, ,,Iskateli sil>njx o\u\eniy“, romlebic
imdroindeli kavkasiisa da saqarTvelosadmia miZRvnili. ager
saqarTvelos samxedro gzis iSviaTi fotosuraTebis albomi.
romeli erTi CamovTvalo. sadRaa dRes aseTi wignebi?...
_ bevri iSviaTi wigni ukve gadaveci kievis SevCenkos muzeums,
lermontovis orTave muzeums piatigorsksa da tarxanSi, turgene-
visa da tolstois muzeumebs da sxvebs, _ meubneba Cemi maspinZe-
li, da kidev kargi, rom TbilisisTvisac sakmaod damrCa!...
kurskis rkinigzis sadguramde Tavad gamomyva ivane mixeilis
Ze da Tbilisis sajaro biblioTekisaTvis iSviaTi wignebis Sekv-
ra gamomatana. jer miTxra, dagamZimebs da me Tavad gamogigzavniT
fostiTo, magram ra guli momiTmenda maT dasatoveblad. sixaru-
liT mecxre caze viyavi. vxarobdi, rom aseTi brwyinvale wignebi
momqonda Cveni mkiTxvelebisaTvis.
pirvelad sarkizov-serazinis wignebi ioseb griSaSvils mivu-
tane. poeti gaocda. furclavda da furclavda maT, mere mTxova
meore dRemde dametovebina da davutove kidec xelweriliT. xo-
lo ramdenime dRis Semdeg sajaro biblioTekas gadaveci. misi
maSindeli direqtori pavle kandelaki da mwerali vladimer zam-
baxiZe aRtacebulni darCnen am daufasebeli saCuqriT da, wesisa-
mebr, samadlobeli werilic gaugzavnes sarkizov-serazins.
amis Semdeg Cems misamarTze, kidev araerTxel movida gamog-
zavnili wignebi, romelTac umalve gadavcemdi xolme sajaro
biblioTekas. amis Sesaxeb cnobebi egzavneboda profesors mos-
kovSi. erTxel man sajaro biblioTekis misamarTi mTxova, raTa
zedmetad aRar Sevewuxebine. mere momwera, rom Tbilisis biblio-
Tekas kidev gaugzavna 1692 wels germanul enaze gamocemuli
iSviaTi wigni, romelSiac 600 maneTi gadavixadeo. am wigns profe-
sori, samwuxarod, ar asaxelebda da dResac ar vici, romel maT-

178
ganzea saubari. es werili daTariRebulia 1960 wlis 23 ivnisis
ricxviT.
misive wignebi miiRo saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis bi-
blioTekamac. es gamocemebi piradad me mivutane mis direqtors.
sarkizov-serazini mTxovda, rom Cemi biblioTekisaTvis dameto-
vebina misgan gamogzavnili wignebis garkveuli nawili, romelic
ki momesurveboda, magram amis ufleba Cems Tavs ar miveci...
gazeTma „zaria vostokam“ gadawyvita sarkizov-serazinze we-
rilis gamoqveyneba da amisaTvis redaqciam suraTi moiTxova pro-
fesorisagan, magram Tavmdabalma adamianma es ar isurva, uari ga-
nacxada. piriqiT, madlobas Tavad ixdida misi wignebis miRebisa
da SefasebisaTvis.
ivane mixeilis Ze xuTi weli mZimed daavadebul meuRles uv-
lida saavadmyofoSi; yovel cismare dRes masTan iyo, mere samsa-
xurSi garboda, samsaxuridan _ saxlSi da biblioTekebisaTvis
wignebs arCevda, fuTavda, fostiT agzavnida. ase agrZelebda is
meuRlis gardacvalebis Semdegac. sulierma tkivilebma da simar-
tovem ver gatexa misi nebisyofa da kvlavindeburad ganagrZobda
Tavis sayvarel saqmianobas.
Cemi Zvirfasi megobari, rogorc eqimi, samkurnalod binaze
aravis ar iRebda. me es vicodi, magram erTxel, rodesac mxat-
varma lado quTaTelaZem Tavisi avadmyofobis Sesaxeb SemomCiv-
la, mainc gavuwie proteqcia. man avadmyofi miiRo da erTi Tvis
ganmavlobaSi mkurnalobda saxlSi; xolo, rodesac pacientma
gasamrjelo SeaZlia profesors, man civi uari uTxra: _ fuli
imdeni maqvs, ar vici, sad davxarjo, Seni fuli Sen TviTon
gqondes, waiRe, gzaSi gamogadgebao...
ase gamoistumra Cveni lado quTaTelaZe am ganumeorebelma
adamianma.
diax, marTla ganumeorebelma da uiSviaTesma adamianma.
naSromi ganZad daSTebiso, naTqvamia da es ganZi momaval
Taobebsac madlobas aTqmevinebs am didi Rvawlis sazRaurad.
kurTxeul iyos igi ukuniTi ukunisamde!...

Sio mRvimeli

Sio mRvimelma Cvens sazogadoebas da gansakuTrebiT Cvens

mozard Taobas SesaniSnavi memkvidreoba dautova. esaa misi tkbi-
lxmovani sabavSvo leqsebi, aRsavse maRali poeturi niWierebiTa
da patarebisadmi mxurvale mamaSviluri siyvaruliT.
bavSvebis guls axarebs leqsebis sada, lamazi qarTuli ena,
romelic ase advilad gasagebia maTTvis. misi leqsebi xSirad
sayvarel mSobliur bunebasa da mis movlenebs exeba:
„marti gavida, gaTba dRe,
darebi dgeba mziani,
miwa gafuvda, mindorSi
gamoCenilan iani.
mofrinda gvriti, SoSia,
ofofi savarcxliani,

179
 mwvaned bibinebs mindori,
ole da veli cvriani...“
bavSvebs xom umisodac miuwevT guli mSvenieri, lamazi da
kekluci mindor-velebisaken,
„pirveli gazafxulia,
biWo, gavideT velada,
mindori amwvanebula,
bibinebs sanatrelada.“
Sio mRvimelis poezia bunebis siyvarulsac unergavs pataras
da mSromeli adamianisadmi pativiscemasac.
bavSvebic uxvad hpoveben mis wminda, Tavankara poeziaSi zne-
obriv Tu gonebriv sazrdos. maTTvis is erTnairad sayvarelia,
amitomacaa, rom „Zia Sios“ azriani da lamazi poezia ase maxlo-
belia yvelasaTvis. TviT poetic, misi sityviT, „maSinaa bednieri,
mxolod maSin stkbeba guli, roca esmis norCi yrmebis sicelqe
da Jriamuli.“
pirvelad Sio mRvimelis saxeli jer kidev oTxmocdaaTian
wlebSi sabavSvo Jurnal „jejilis“ furclebidan gavige da Cemi
bavSvuri guli myisve misi leqsebis siyvaruliT aivso. magram
SexvedriT Sio mRvimels mxolod 1929 wels Sevxvdi, roca saxel-
mwifo gamomcemlobis mxatvruli literaturis xaziT sagamomcem-
lo ganyofilebaSi daviwye muSaoba. mgoni, vTqvi ukve, ganyofile-
bas imxanad poeti nikolo miwiSvili ganagebda _ iSviaTi adami-
ani, dauzareli, mousvenari da sayvareli saqmisaTvis Tavdadebu-
li. romelsac momsvlelTaTvis iSviaTad ecala.
amitom didad gamikvirda, rodesac erT dRes, gaxurebuli
saqmianobis dros, metad Tavazianad miesalma masTan misul mama-
kacs. ase gasinjeT, karga xniTac ki gadasdo Tavisi saqme da
gulTbil saubarSi gaerTo. es iyo Sio mRvimeli.
amis Semdeg Sio Cveni xSiri stumari gaxda.
aq isic siamovnebiT unda gavixseno, rom Sio arafriT ar
hgavda romelime karCaketil poets da Zalian uyvarda megobreb-
Tan sadme patara sardafSi Casvla, molxena da mwerlobis gar-
Semo guliTadi saubari. Cveni didi klasikosebi _ ilia, akaki,
vaJa, yazbegi _ mudam misi sayvareli salaparako Tema iyo.
mec xSirad Sevswrebivar mis aseT didebul saubars, Cems
suls axal-axali grZnobebiT rom avsebda.
amis gamo romeliRac misma megobarma mweralma, mgonia, gior-
gi quCiSvilma, Sios saxumaro leqsi gamouTqva. leqsidan mxolod
ori pwkari damamaxsovrda: „sayvareli Cveni Sio dinjad Cadis
maranSio,“ romelic Sios Zalian moswonda da xSirad gulianad
icinoda.
imxanad, ese igi 30-ian wlebSi, Sio mRvimeli ukve sakmaod da-
fasebuli literaturuli moRvawe iyo, „damsaxurebuli mwerlis“
sapatio wodebiT dajildoebuli da personaluri pensioneri; me-
gobrebTan yofnisaTvis mas xalisic sakmaod hqonda da mocli-
lobac, miT ufro, rom Cumi da upretenzio adamiani, Tavisi xala-
si da Tavaziani bunebis gamo, Zalian Sors iyo yovelive cru gan-
didebisa da medidurobisagan.
tanmorCili, farflebiani qudiTa da ganuyreli xeljoxiT
RimiliT Semoabijebda xolme gamomcemlobis sammarTveloSi da

180
Tavisi Sinaarsiani, Wkvianuri saubriTa da xumrobiT uzomod
gvatkbobda yvelas.
dRes Sio mRvimelis saxeli istorias ekuTvnis, misi didebu-
li sabavSvo leqsebi ki _ Cveni mwerlobis oqros fonds.

Sexvedrebi ioseb imedaSvilTan

ioseb imedaSvili (1876-1952) Cems mexsierebaSi darCa, rogorc

bibliuri patriarqi TeTrad moelvare lamazi grZeli Tma-
wveriT, romlis erTi danaxvac mowiwebas iwvevda yvelaSi.
erTxel iosebi Semxvda berias moednidan * momavali. mxned da
ganieri nabijiT moabijebda sasaxlis win; TuSuri qudi exura,
mxrebze nabadi moesxa, xelSi Tavisi sayvareli msxvili xeljoxi
ekava.
SeZmakacebuliviT mkiTxa:
_ romeli xar: griSa Tu lado?
rogorc bevr sxva megobars, cxadia, iosebsac uWirda Cveni
erTmaneTisagan garCeva.
karga xans mesaubra. roca gamomeTxova da damSorda, maSinRa
davinaxe, rarig iqcevda gamvlelTa yuradRebas. ramdenime axal-
gazrda kidec momiaxlovda da cnobismoyvareobiT mkiTxa, _ vin
iyo TmaTeTri wverosani vaJkaci. _ albaT kaTalikos-patriarqia
an sxva vinme didi kacio.
me avuxseni, rom is iyo mwerali, msaxiobi da sazogado moR-
vawe ioseb imedaSvili.
kmayofili axalgazrdebi didxans ayolebdnen Tvals quCaSi
mimaval ioseb imedaSvils.
Tumca iosebs im droidan vicnobdi, rodesac wver-ulvaSs
sulac ar atarebda da pirgaparsuli ufro msaxiobs an evropel
mwerals moagonebda kacs, magram Cems mexsierebaSi mainc bibliur
patriarqad damkvidrda, swored iseTad, rogorc is gamosaxulia
Cemi Zmis uCa jafariZis mier zeTis saRebavebiT Sesrulebul did
portretze _ laRi, lamazi, azriani...

*
iosebi Zalze energiuli adamiani, cnobili literatori, mwe-
rali, redaqtor-gamomcemeli, mudam mSfoTvare da dauRalavi sa-
zogado moRvawe iyo.
1923 Tu 1924 weli iyo. iosebis redaqtorobiT gamodioda
Jurnali „Teatri da cxovreba.“ redaqcias puSkinis saxelobis
skverTan, cekavSiris qveS erT patara oTaxSi daedo bina. gamom-
cemlobac iqve iyo. yvela saqmes TviTon iosebi uZRveboda, Tumca
TanaSemweobas misi ufrosi vaJi _ Salva uwevda, romelic im
xanebSi ukve yrmobis asakSi Sedioda.
igi xSirad Seirbenda xolme redaqciaSi, aTasgvari saqmisa-
gan daRlil-daqanculi.
_ rogoraa, Svilo, saqmeebi? _ SeekiTxeboda Salvas iosebi,
_ im saqmisa ra hqeni?... am saqmisa?... stambaSi Tu iyavi?... mavansa da

*
amJamad Tavisuflebis moedani
181
mavans werili gamoarTvi? _ daayrida kiTxvebs isedac saqmeebiT
welSi gawyvetils. iosebi, roca sasurvel pasuxs miiRebda, morig
davalebebs miscemda. Tavad ki isev mxned da imave energiiT gana-
grZobda Tavis saqmes. Salvac axal davalebaTa Sesasruleblad
mieSureboda. mas xandaxan misi umcrosi Zma gaiozi Tu wamoeSve-
leboda. iseTi erTgulebiTa da siyvaruliT asrulebdnen Tavi-
anT saqmes, maTi garja yvelasaTvis samagaliTo nimuSad gamo-
dgeboda.
iosebis danarCeni Svilebi patarebi iyvnen da saredaqcio
saqmeebSi monawileobis miReba ar SeeZloT, Tumca guli yvelas
erCoda: _ Tamars, qeTos, patara ninos da kidev ufro patara
farnaozs. isini xelixelCakidebulni Semovidodnen xolme redaq-
ciaSi mamasTan...
iosebi namdvili inteligenti iyo, mSromeli, da Tavis Svil-
ebsac aseTi suliskveTebiT zrdida. sulac ar naRvlobda imas,
rom mravalSviliani ojaxi materialur xelmokleobas ganicdi-
da.
_ de, bavSvebma Tavidanve igrZnon, rom cxovrebis gza ia-var-
diT mofenili xaliCa araa da risime mopovebisaTvis Sromaa saWi-
ro, daucxromeli Sroma, _ ityoda xolme iosebi.
saqarTveloSi sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyarebis pirvelsave
wlebSi (ar maxsovs, romelSi) iosebma Cemi da grigolis mier da-
xatuli da Semdeg qarTul Jurnal-gazeTebSi araerTxel dabeW-
dili axalgazrda SoTa rusTavelis portretis masiuri tiraJiT
gamocema ganizraxa. mas moswonda es portreti da cdilobda Ta-
visi Jurnalis saSualebiT is farTo masebamde mietana. Tqven
warmoidgineT, im gaWirvebaSi aRasrula kidec ganzraxuli. is
Jurnal „Teatri da cxovrebis“ wliur xelismomwerTa ufaso
damatebad gamoacxada da, didi tiraJiT dabeWdili, mravali qar-
Tuli ojaxis saCuqrad aqcia.
_ dee, yvelas hqondes ufleba, naTeli warmodgena iqonios
ukvdavi poetis Tqveneul portretze!...

*
ioseb imedaSvili mudam mtkiced idga saqarTvelos sazoga-
doebrivi cxovrebis sadarajoze, Tvalyurs adevnebda mis majis-
cemas; mas ar gamoepareboda Tundac naklebad mniSvnelovani mov-
lena.
1924 wlis miwuruls raWis ganaTlebis ganyofilebam da ad-
gilobrivma sazogadoebam onSi iubile gadauxada mxcovan maswav-
lebels _ mamaCems, malaqia jafariZes _ pedagogiur asparezze mi-
si moRvaweobis 45 wlisTavis aRsaniSnavad. es ambavi ar gamorCe-
nia iosebs da am movlenas Taviseburad gamoexmaura: JurnalSi
iubilarze Tbili werili dabeWda da xazi gausva ara marto mis
moRvaweobas pedagogis eklian gzaze, aramed mis sanimuSo oja-
xur cxovrebasac, mis moqalaqeobas da mamuliSvilobas.
Tavisi daudgromeli cxovrebis ukanasknel wlebSi iosebma
xeli mohkida qarTvelTa ricxobrivi zrdis propagandas. am saq-
mem igi imdenad gaitaca, rom yvelaferi daTmo TbilisSi da, miu-
xedavad xandazmulobisa, raionebSi iwyo mogzauroba, sadac kiT-
xulobda saTanado Sinaarsis leqciebs.

182
 erTxel CvenTan binaze (TbilisSi) pirdapir qariSxaliviT
SemoiWra. dajda, karga xans gvelaparaka da bolos Cveni ojaxu-
ri fotosuraTi gvTxova, sadac eqvsive Zma mSoblebTan erTad
varT gadaRebuli.
_ aseTi fotoebi Cems leqciebze yovel statistikaze ukeT
gaWris, msmenelebi sakuTari TvaliT dainaxaven mravalSviliano-
bis mTel silamazes... bavSvebs didi movla undaTo, xarjebic di-
dio da, ra vici, ras ar imizezeben axalgazrda mSoblebi. ai,
swored aseTi mSoblebisaTvis maqvs momzadebuli mravalSviliani
ojaxebis fotosuraTebi. maS, amdeni Svilebi amaT rogorRa ga-
zardes-meTqi, _ veubnebi. isev Cveni dalocvili sofeli! is iyo
mudam Cveni mxsneli da iqneba kidec, _ ficxad da aRgznebiT
laparakobda es mgznebare patrioti.
erTxel am mizniT raWac ki Semoiara... 1950 wlis zafxuli
iyo, mgoni. sofelSi visvenebdi. erT saRamos onidan dabrunebul-
ma mezoblebma miTxres, Tbilisidan Camosuli ioseb imedaSvilis
leqcias daveswariT da metad kmayofili davrCiTo. gulze meca...
rogor? iosebi amosula raWaSi da ver gavige? _ Zalian Sevwuxdi,
Tumca Tavi imiTi davimSvide, rom dilaadrian Cavidodi onSi da
Zvirfas megobars saxlSi amoviyvandi, magram iosebi gadaudebeli
saqmis gamo gaTenebisTanave gabrunebuliyo TbilisSi. man dayov-
neba araferSi icoda.
iosebi iSviaTi energiis mSromeli kaci iyo, werac emarjve-
boda. Cems wignebs Soris mis erT poemasac vinaxav _ „mzeTamzes“
_ romlis ukana mxares misi dawerili sxvadasxva xasiaTis Srome-
bis siaa dabeWdili. maT Soris aris ucxo sityvaTa leqsikoni,
gamoCenil adamianTa saZiebeli-cnobari, leqsebi, poemebi, moTxro-
bebi, romanebi, piesebi da mravali sxva. aseTi xelxvaviani
gaxldaT es „Cumi muSaki“!
qarTvel moRvaweTa cnobars rom adgenda, xSirad vyofilvar
masTan mTawmindaze da sakuTari TvaliT minaxavs, raoden Sromis-
moyvare iyo igi. es pirdapir gaocebas iwvevda CemSi.
leqsikonisTvis auarebeli masala hqonda dagrovili _ uam-
ravi wigni, Zveli gazeTebi Tu xelnawerebi. igi faustiviT ijda
am Tavmoyril masalebs Soris da TavdaviwyebiT werda.
iosebis didebuli wamowyeba farTo masStabisa gaxldaT. ro-
meli qarTveli moRvawe ar iyo gaTvaliswinebuli am cnobarisa-
Tvis! umniSvnelo saqmis moqmedsac ki Tavis adgils akuTvnebda,
aravis arafers ukargavda.
swored Tavisi momavali cnobaris Taobaze ambobda Semdgene-
li:
_ Tu am wignis damTavreba damcalda, mTeli saqarTvelo xe-
lisgulze gveyolebao...
iosebis poema „mzeTamzesTan“ dakavSirebulia Cemi Zmis uCas
Semoqmedebis pirveli nabijebi; amitom am sakiTxis gaxseneba gan-
sakuTrebul siamovnebas mgvris.
es iyo 1925 wels. uCa maSin samxatvro akademiaSi swavlobda
da Tavisufal dros xSirad Seivlida xolme „Teatri da cxov-
rebis“ redaqciaSi. uCas Tan dahqonda Tavisi ganuyreli albomi
da raime Canaxatis gakeTebis SemTxvevas xelidan ar gauSvebda.
iosebi xedavda yovelive amas da siamovnebiT akvirdeboda dam-
wyebi Semoqmedis Ziebebsa da Sromismoyvareobas. amitom, roca Ta-

183
visi poemis _ „mzeTamzes“ gamocema daapira, misi mxatvruli gaf-
ormeba uCas SesTavaza. Cem Zmas wignis gaformebis gamocdileba
ar hqonda da SekveTa iuara.
iosebma gaamxneva:
_ Svilo, Tu gamoucdelobis mizeziT ambob uars, maSin mu-
dam gamoucdeli darCebi. me vxedav Sens niWs, SesaZleblobas da
amitom gTavazob am samuSaos. aba axla mokide xeli saqmes da
darwmunebuli var, gaimarjveb...
sxva gza ar iyo, uCa misTvis Cveuli gulmodginebiT Seudga
wignis gaformebas. bolos kmayofilic darCa. gansakuTrebiT eama-
yeboda satitulo furclis meore gverdze dabeWdili sityvebi:
„yda da naxatebi uCa jafariZisa.“
vin icis, iqneb am TiTqos umniSvnelo warweram Cems Zmas
frTebi Seasxa, sakuTar ZalebSi daarwmuna da momavali Semoqme-
debisaTvis Zala Semata.
rogorc Cans, uCa ioseb imedaSvilis mimarT madlierebis
grZnobiT ganimsWvala da ukve mowifulma ostatma xalisiT Seas-
rula mxcovani mwerlis didi portreti, romelic amJamad saqar-
Tvelos xelovnebis muzeumSi inaxeba. iosebi tiloze warmodgeni-
lia Tavisi ganuyreli nabdiTa da TuSuri qudiT. es didi por-
treti miuZRoda win gansvenebul mwerals saimsoflo gzaze. mad-
lier xalxs, romelic didubis panTeonisaken miacilebda ioseb
imedaSvils, TvalTa kiloebze cxeli kurcxlebi ubrwyinavda. Te-
Tri Tma-wveriT Semosili iosebi namdvil patriarqs hgavda. aseve
darCa igi Cems mexsierebaSi. is xom Cveni xalxis kulturis, isto-
riisa da mwerlobis propagandiT cxovrobda. xalxis samsaxurSi
xelCarTuli brZoliT galia man cxovrebis gza.
Tbilisis maswavlebelTa saxlTan arsebobda da dResac ar-
sebobs literaturuli wre, romelsac maSin poeti da mTargmne-
li savle abulaZe xelmZRvanelobda. aq naxavdiT rogorc axal-
gazrda avtorebs, ise mwerlebs, maT Soris: ipolite varTagavas,
literator solomon caiSvils, maswavleblebs, poetebs, sxva
dargis warmomadgenlebs.
ioseb imedaSvili am literaturuli wris erT-erTi aqtiuri
wevri iyo. igi mudam xalisiT monawileobda ama Tu im sakiTxis
ganxilvaSi, literaturul kamaTSi. zedmiwevniT erkveoda qarTu-
li kulturis istoriis problemebSi. rodesac Cemma Zmam, grig-
olma, profesor aleqsandre xaxanaSvilis Sesaxeb moxseneba wai-
kiTxa, momxseneblis misamarTiT wris wevrebi saqebar sityvebs ar
iSurebdnen; magram ioseb imedaSvilis gamosvlam yovelgvar
molodins gadaaWarba, mxurvale sityva Tqva da Tavisi gamosvla
ase daamTavra:
_ vai, rom Cveni kulturis aseT uangaro da nayofier moR-
vawes umadurad mivayareT daviwyebis ferfli! misi gamokvlevebi
rom ara, CvenTvis kidev didxans iqneboda ucnobi saqarTvelos
istoriisa da kulturis araerTi umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxi.
es iseTi gulwrfelobiT warmoTqva, rom maSinve p.sayvareli-
Zisadmi gagzavnil mis Ria werilSi naTqvami gamaxsenda: „grZel
Wapnad momdevs glexur-muSuri STamomavlobao...“
aq misi mokrZalebac Cans da Tavazianobac, meores mxriv ki
vaJkacuri brZolis unari da qeduxreloba.

184
 *
Tavaziani da mokrZalebuli moRvawe ioseb imedaSvili Tav-
is Tavs „patara muSaks“ uwodebda, magram amasTanave iseT moRva-
wes, „romelsac mTeli Tavisi Zal-Rone SeZlebisdagvarad Seuwi-
ravs qarTveli mSromeli xalxis gamofxizlebisaTvis.“
marto misi „ucxo sityvaTa leqsikoni“ rad Rirs!... is xom
Cveni sazogadoebis samagido wignad iqca!...
mas rom dawyebuli wigni _ „qarTvel moRvaweTa cnobaric“
daemTavrebina, rogorc ityvian, es iqneboda misi xelTuqmneli
Zegli; magram, vaglax, rom ver moaswro dawyebuli Sromis dam-
Tavreba!
ioseb imedaSvilis gamocemuli wigni _ „cxovrebis sarke“
pirdapir malamo iyo soflis scenismoyvareTaTvis. aq iseTi pie-
sebi iyo SerCeuli, romelTa warmodgenac advilad da gasagebad
SeiZleboda saxeldaxelod mowyobil scenebze. am mxriv, maSin,
xsenebuli wignis badali ar iyo.

*
ioseb imedaSvils mdidari arqivi darCa. igi yvelgan werda,
Sin Tu gareT, niadag agrovebda masalebs xalxisTvis metad sa-
Wirboroto sakiTxebze. me araerTxel vstumrebivar da aRtace-
buli davrCenilvar mis mier Tavmoyrili Zveli Jurnal-gazeTe-
biT, wignebiT, rveulebiT, davTrebiT, xelnawerebiT. es mdidari
masala zogi magidaze ewyo, zogi Taroebze, zogic... pirdapir ia-
takze. iosebs arasodes bezrdeboda Tavis arqivSi fusfusi...

*
erTxel, saRamo xans, uCam damireka.
_ es-es aris macnobes ioseb imedaSvilis avadmyofoba. axlave
unda wavideT, miT ufro, rom iosebs Cemi naxvac mousurvebia.. da-
melode,gamogivli da erTad avideT avadmyofis sanaxavad...
marTlac, uCam bevri ar malodina da male manqaniT kote mes-
xis quCaze avediT, mTawmindis midamoebSi, sadac iosebis Zveli
saxli idga, gardasuli drois samuzeumo eqsponativiT rom Canda.
karebSi iosebis qaliSvilebi Semogvegebnen da avadmyofis
oTaxSi SegviZRvnen. iosebi Rrmad iyo TavCarguli sawolSi da,
rogorc Cans, eZina.
_ mama! _ yurSi CasZaxa erTma qaliSvilma, _ uCas rom nat-
robdi, ager movida kidec...
_ ha, uCa movida? _ dasustebuli xmiT amoiZaxa avadmyofma, _
aba, Svilebo, qeTo, nino, sada xarT? momeSveleT, wamomajineT
loginze.
qeTos uCac mieSvela da avadmyofi ris vai-vaglaxiT wamoaye-
nes sawolidan.
_ uCa, Svilo, _ Zlivs warmoTqva iosebma da Cemi Zma gulSi
Caikra, _ am oxerma avadmyofobam glaxad momkida xeli... mgoni,
vkvdebi kidec... ramdeni samuSao mrCeba daumTavrebeli, ra vqna? _
kvnesoda jafiT daqanculi Semoqmedi, naRvliani TvalebiT miCe-
reboda mis irgvliv Semowyobil foliantebs. _ vinRa upatronebs
Cems amden nawvalebs?...
me da uCa ugunebod wamovediT. ra unda gveTqva sanugeSo?

185
 _vaiTu, ver gauZlos, _ TavisTvis laparakobda naRvliani
uCa. _ eh, ase TandaTan, Tvalsa da xels Sua midian amagdari ada-
mianebi... afsus!...
ramdenime dRis Semdeg iosebi gardaicvala.
magram wlovanebam ki ar gatexa es „glexur-muSuri STamomav-
lobis“ rkinis vaJkaci, aramed dardma, mZime materialurma mdgo-
mareobam, xelSemSlel mizezTa gamo Tavmoubmel saqmeebze fiq-
rma.
aseTi mtkivneuli gancdebi rom ara, iosebi kidev didxans em-
saxureboda Tavis sayvarel saqmes, xalxs, mis kulturas, magram,
rac Seqmna, isic fasdaudebelia da Zvirfasi madlieri STamomav-
lobisaTvis.
diax, igi kidev didxans ivlida Tavisi ganuyreli nabdiTa
da joxiT da ara yavarjniT, rogorc SecdomiT werda gazeTi
„axalgazrda komunisti“ (20.6.57). mxned mimaval TeTrwvera moxucs
yvela aRtacebiT gaayolebda xolme Tvals... yavarjeni iosebs ar-
asodes sWeria, an ki raSi sWirdeboda sruliad janmrTelsa da
saR-salamaT kacs?
ioseb imedaSvili didi popularobiT sargeblobda qarTul
sazogadoebaSi da araerT gamoCenil mweralsa da moRvawes megob-
robda. ar damaviwydeba akaki wereTlis soflidan gamogzavnili
werili, romelSiac did madlobas uZRvnis mas Jurnalis gagzav-
nisaTvis, magram amasTanave sayveduriT ixseniebs zogierTs: „dro-
eba“ rom ar momdis, ar mikvirs, magram „maTraxi“ mainc ratom ena-
nebaT CemTvis?...“

.*
es mogoneba ukve damTavrebuli mqonda, rodesac xelSi Cam-
ivarda Jurnal „iskustvos“ 1963 wlis me-6 nomeri, sadac ga-
moqveynebulia xelovnebaTmcodne n.prokofievas werili Cemi Zmis
uCas Semoqmedebis Sesaxeb. teqstTan erTad moTavsebulia mxatv-
ris ramdenime nawarmoebis reproduqcia da maT Soris ioseb ime-
daSvilis portretic. avtori aRniSnavs, rom uCa jafariZis por-
tretebis erT-erTi Rirsebaa adamianis Sinagani samyaros gadmo-
cemisadmi interesi da mohyavs amis damadasturebeli nimuSebi;
xolo ioseb imedaSvilis portretze wers: _ „sul sxva grZnobebs
iwvevs mxcovani mwerlis ioseb imedaSvilis monumenturi port-
reti _ portreti am Zlieri, energiuli da nebisyofiani adamiani-
sa. aq Cven winaSea cxovrebiT dabrZenebuli Wkviani adamiani, rom-
lis WaRara did pativiscemas aRZravs CvenSi. mwerlis Sors-
mWvreteli Tvalebidan gamokrTis Rrma adamianuri Tvisebebi.“
am werilis wakiTxva ufro imitom mesiamovna, rom avtorma
sworad SeniSna uCas portretebis Rirsebebi, gansakuTrebiT ki,
ferebiT ,,moTxrobili” ioseb imedaSvilis Sinagani Tvisebebi, mi-
si mdidari sulieri samyaro da amiT mkiTxvelebs swori warmod-
gena Seuqmna mxatvris Semoqmedebaze.
iosebis portretma moiara TiTqmis mTeli evropa da bolos
ungreTSic gamoifina, sadac sabWoTa kavSiris samxatvro akademi-
is wevrTa da, maT Soris, uCas naxatebis gamofenac moewyo. uCas
ojaxSi inaxeba iq gamocemuli mSvenieri katalogi Sesabamisi rep-
roduqciebiTa da siiT, romelTa Soris iosebis portreticaa...

186
 vici, es namuSevari mxcovan mweralsac didad uyvarda da,
rogorc misma qaliSvilebma _ qeTom da ninom miambes, mamis
survili yofila, ukanasknel gansasvenebel gzaze misTvis uCas
mier Sesrulebuli portreti waemZRvarebinaT win...
sasiamovnoa, rom uCas naxatze srulyofilad aris gadmoce-
muli ioseb imedaSvilis Rrma adamianuri Tvisebebi. aseTad Semo-
rCa misi saxe madlier STamomavlobas.

ioseb griSaSvili

me xalxs vumReri avad Tu kargad,

ara mqonia warsuli cudi...
i. griSaSvili

cxovrebaSi arian iseTi bednieri adamianebi, romelTac bune-

bam imTaviTve ukarnaxa maTi samomavlo gzis mimarTuleba.
me aseTad ioseb griSaSvils vTvli, visac bunebam siyrmiTve
saero moRvaweobis, poeturi sityvis msaxurebis tvirTva daakis-
ra.
poet griSaSvilis saxeli pirvelad 1907 wels gavigone. im
dros me ukve universitetSi vswavlobdi da, rogorc studenti,
maSindeli tradiciis mixedviT, sazogadoebrivi sakiTxebisadmi
didi interesiT viyavi gansmWvaluli.
amitom sasiamovnod mrCeboda, roca ama Tu im wreSi Cveni mx-
atvruli literaturis awmyosa Tu momavalze laparaks davesw-
rebodi xolme. iq xSirad axalgazrda poetebis gamoCenaze, maT
niWsa da unarzec laparakobdnen.
maSin poetebi TiTebze CamosaTvlelebi iyvnen da amitom xa-
lxi yvelas kargad icnobda. maTi gamoCena aravis ar gamoeparebo-
da da yvela imedis TvaliT Sehyurebda. xolo gansakuTrebul
niWs Tu Seatyobdnen, maSinve „akakis memkvidred“ miiCnevdnen
xolme.
akaki im dros, rogorc „RvTivkurTxeuli,“ erTaderTi idga
Cveni poeziis parnasze da masTan vinmes Sedareba, cxadia, metad
did Sefasebad miiCneoda.
ai, am axalgazrda poetebs Soris gavigone griSaSvilis saxe-
lic. sazogadoebis TvalSi is garkveuli poeturi xmis patronad
iyo aRiarebuli, amitom momavlisaTvis saimedo Zalad asaxeleb-
dnen. warmoidgineT „akakis memkvidredac“ ki racxdnen, ise rog-
orc erT dros poet g.Waladidels, Semdeg gr.abaSiZesa da sxvebs.
magram akaki ara marto mgosani iyo, aramed didi erovnuli moR-
vawe, imdroindeli saqarTvelos namdvili droSa da winamZRoli.
miuxedavad aseTi ,,moTxovnebisa”, niWier axalgazrda poets
mainc mas adarebdnen xolme.
vidre poeti Tavis Tavs griSaSvilad gaacnobda sazogadoe-
bas, misi bedi poeziis asparezze imdenad sainteresoa, rom am
faqts gverds ver avuvli.
1906 wels iosebs, jer kidev 17 wlis Wabuks, Tavisi namdvili
gvariT leqsebis patara krebuli daubeWdavs. es leqsebi Tavisi
187
SinaarsiT da, rac mTavaria, formis primitiulobiT „ufro Tbi-
lisuri folkloris mibaZvis nimuSi yofila, vidre damoukide-
beli poeturi gaazrebis nayofi“, _ rogorc amas ambobs ak.xinTi-
biZe. is krebuli Zveleburi gamocemebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli sa-
xelwodebiT yofila dabeWdili:
_ „vardis kona da Telavis muxambazi da sxvadasxva leqsebi
da simRerebi, Sedgenili mamulaSvilis mier,“ ise, rogorc es
icodnen saxalxo mTqmelebma da „modis motrfiale“ axalgazr-
debma.
es yovelive, winaistoriad unda CaiTvalos i.griSaSvilis
SemoqmedebiTi biografiisa.
,,albaT, maSin aravin ifiqrebda, _ ambobs pativcemuli leqt-
ori ak.xinTibiZe savsebiT samarTlianad, _ rom am krebulis
avtori odesme mwerlis saxels moixveWda”.
rogorc vxedavT, i.griSaSvilis pirveli nabijebi poeziaSi
xelmocarvas ufro hgavda, magram am marcxma mas iaraRi ar daay-
revina. Seqmnil viTarebas sxvanairad auRo alRo da isev is qal-
aquri folklori moiSvelia, im dros metad popularuli axal-
gazrdebSi.
aseTi xasiaTis leqsi gaxlavT, Tundac, „ar Segcivdes, bara-
Skajan“ da sxva amisTanebi. maxsovs, man erTbaSad miiqcia mTeli
Cveni sazogadoebis yuradReba.
gagvegona griSaSvili, magram, vin iyo da sadauri, es mxo-
lod SemdegSi gavigeT, _ kerZod is, rom igi iyo Tbiliseli xe-
losnis ojaxidan da bavSvoba xarfuxSi gaatara, sadac mas mamis
danatovari patara saxlic hqonda. swavla usaxsrobis gamo 11-12
wlis asakSi miutovebia.
magram ramdenad niWieri yofila es Tavmdabali axalgazrda,
iqidan Cans, rom TiTqmis uswavleli kaci, SemdegSi saqarTvelos
mecnierebaTa akademiis namdvili wevric gaxda, laureati da
saqarTvelos saxalxo poetic.
gana aseTive bedi ar xvda wilad maqsim gorkisac, visac usw-
avlelobam xeli ver SeuSala, qceuliyo gamoCenil mwerlad da
sabWoTa kavSiris mecnierebaTa akademiis namdvil wevrad?!
rac dro gadioda, i.griSaSvilis satrfialo motivebi sul
ufro xiblavda Cvens sazogadoebas; xiblavda misi poeturi sity-
vis Taviseburi siaxle, uaRresad cincxali da metyveli ritmi,
poetis mkiTxvelisTvis advilad gasagebi Canafiqris simartive...
i.griSaSvilma Tavidanve Seiyvara qarTuli wigni da xarbad
ecnoboda yovel maTgans. droTa ganmavlobaSi man detalurad Se-
iswavla Cveni qveynis warsuli, Zveli da axali literatura. ene-
rgiulad mohkida xeli TviTganviTarebas. Cems megobrebSi, rome-
lTa gaxseneba yovelTvis sasiamovno da saamayoa CemTvis, erT-er-
Ti pirveli adgili ioseb griSaSvils ukavia.
igi daaxloebiT 1909-1911 wlebSi gavicani, grigol diasami-
ZesTan, gazeT „Temis“ redaqciaSi.
grigol diasamiZe gazeT „Temis“ redaqtoric iyo da gamomce-
melic. redaqciac Tavis binaSi hqonda moTavsebuli, dRevandel
rusTavelis gamzirze #50 saxlis ukan. es orsarTuliani qvis ka-
pitaluri Senoba dResac dgas. grigoli am saxlis beletaJze
cxovrobda. is metad keTilSobili da sayvareli adamiani iyo,
didad ganaTlebuli inteligenti, iuristi, literatori, patri-

188
oti, yvelas megobari, yvelas damxmare da gulisxmieri redaq-
tori. 50 wlis grigoli _ qarTuli sazogadoebriobis aqtiuri
wevri _ yvelgan iyo, sadac sasikeTo qarTuli saqme keTdeboda,
mzad iyo miSveleboda da daxmareboda yvela gaWirvebuls .
i.griSaSvilma rom poeziaSi pirveli nabiji gadadga, grigo-
lma farTod gauRo „Temis“ redaqciis kari da samuSaodac xSi-
rad iwvevda.
swored aq SevxvdiT pirvelad me da Cemi Zma griSa ioseb
griSaSvils.
grigol diasamiZe didi megobari gaxldaT akakisa da roca
is raWa-leCxumSi samogzaurod Camovida, grigoli pirvelTagani
iyo mis amalaSi.
im dRes moskovidan TbilisSi Camosuli Zmebi maSinve „Temis“
redaqciaSi grigol diasamiZis sanaxavad wavediT. grigoli, rog-
orc yovelTvis, xelgaSlili Semogvegeba. Tan ase gulianad imit-
omac migviRo, rom Cveni Targmnili „glaxis naambobi“ (rusuli
egzemplarebi) ukve TbilisSiac mieRoT da am ambavs didi gamox-
maurebac mohyoloda. erTi ki iyo: yvelas akvirvebda is garemo-
eba, rom mTargmneli ori iyo da isic viRac „jafari“.
grigolis mier Cveni ase gulTbilad miReba uyuradRebod ar
darCa iqve mjdom axalgazrdas, romelic, Cvenda sasixarulod,
ukve cnobili poeti ioseb griSaSvili aRmoCnda. bluza mowafesa-
viT ecva, Txeli da pirtitvela iyo, WabukobaSi jer kidev ar Se-
edga fexi, nazi da qaliSviliviT moridebuli Canda.
Cveni vinaoba rom gaigo, Zalian esiamovna, _ Tqveni Targmni-
li „glaxis naambobis“ ramdenime cali viyide da Sevinaxeo. gak-
virvebiT mogvCereboda xan erTs, xan meores da ganmasxvavebel
niSnebs eZebda: _ aseTi msgavseba jer arsad minaxavso.
_ maS Tqvena xarT „gr. da vl.jafari“? _ gvekiTxeboda axl-
ad SeZenili megobari, _ me ki ufro xnierebi megoneT, es ra didi
saqme gikisriaTo, _ Segvaqo.
aseTi viTareba sufevda im dros Cveni xalxis cxovrebaSi:
patara movlenasac ki, Tuki mas saerTo erovnuli mniSvneloba
hqonda, saxalxo saqmed miiCnevdnen. poetic am Tvalsazrisis iyo
da amitomac gulTbilad gviRimoda.
sosos sazogadoebaSi yofna gansakuTrebiT 1914 wlidan mix-
deboda, roca universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg foTSi daviwye
muSaoba da samsaxuris gamo TbilisSi xSirad Cavdiodi. me uTu-
od Sevivlidi xolme gazeT „cnobis furclis“ redaqciaSi, rome-
lic moTavsebuli iyo sasaxlis quCaze (axlandeli rusTavelis
gamziris # 1) aw ukve ararsebul samsarTulian sarajiSvili-
seul saxlSi da siyvaruliT mivakiTxavdi iq momuSave megobrebs:
Tedo Rlonts, samson fircxalavas, qristefore raWveliSvils,
mixeil sayvareliZes da maTTan erTad soso griSaSvilsac.
erTxel suraTic ki gadaviReT erTad Tedom, sosom da me. ar
vici, SerCaT Tu ara maT is samaxsovro foto, me ki dRemde vina-
xav, rogorc Zvirfas reliqvias.
erTxel sosomac wamiyvana xarfuxSi da Tavisi sacxovrebeli
saxli miCvena. es iyo orsarTuliani xis patara Senoba, romlis
qvemoT sosos deda cxovrobda, zemoT _ TviTon. ori patara
oTaxi ekava, erTi maTgani wignebiT iyo savse.

189
 sofluri ieri dahkravda maSin xarfuxs. aRmarT-daRmarTi da
oRroCoRro Sukebi, irgvliv yvelaferi Raribuli da Seuxedavi
gaxldaT. iq ufro muSa xalxi, xelmokle xelosnebi cxovrobd-
nen da yvelas erTnairi, gaWirvebiT aSenebuli TiTqmis aseTive
ulazaTo saxli edga. samagierod, qalaqTan SedarebiT, haeri uf-
ro sufTa iyo da xmauric naklebi. ar damaviwydeba erTi patara
ambavi, romelic iq SememTxva.
1916 weli iyo. TbilisSi Camovedi. kviradRe gaxldaT, redaq-
ciaSic aravin muSaobda. sosos naxva mxolod xarfuxSi SeiZle-
boda. vifiqre, modi, waval _ xarfuxsac vnaxav da griSaSvilis
saxl-karsac ufro axlos gavicnob-meTqi. gavicnob im garemos,
sadac iosebi izrdeboda da misi niWi isxamda frTebs. miT ufro
mainteresebda iq wasvla, rom xarfuxi qalaqis metad originalu-
ri, migdebuli, mitovebuli, „RvTisagan miviwyebuli“ kuTxe iyo, _
karCaketili, gareSe qveynisas rom arafers kiTxulobdnen, magram,
samagierod, ainteresebdaT iqauri, Sinauri, mezobluri ambebi. me-
zoblebma ki erTmaneTis avan-Cavani yvelaferi zedmiwevniT icod-
nen. TiTqos erTi ojaxi iyo mTeli is kuTxe.
gazafxulis kviradRe iyo, mziani da Tbili. aviare aRmarTi,
amJamad griSaSvilis quCa rom ewodeba, irgvliv mivixed-movixede,
magram verafriT ver viniSne, romeli unda yofiliyo poetis sax-
li. ufro im garemoebam damabnia, rom griSaSvilis saxlis ax-
los quCis Sua nawilSi erTi uSno goraki maxsovda (quCa sad iyo
maSin?). misTvis aucileblad gverdi unda agevlo. marTalia, es
kargad maxsovda, magram is gorakic versad davlande. mainc ar
gavitexe ixtibari, albaT, quCis keTilmowyobis dros gaaswores-
meTqi.
_ aq sadRac griSaSvilis saxlia, magram ver mimignia. xom
ver metyviT, romelia-meTqi, _ SevekiTxe erT-erT gamvlels, rome-
lic adgilobrivi Canda.
_ griSaSvilis? _ dafiqrda is, _ ar gamigonia.
vkiTxe meores:
_ visi, griSaSvilis? _ isic dafiqrda, _ ara, ar gamigonia.
vkiTxe sxva gamvlelsac. yvela gakvirvebulia. ara. aseTi
aravin icis. arc gaugonia...
_ ki magram, xarfuxSi mezoblis saxli ar iciT, romelia?
_ mezoblis?! mezoblis rogor ar viciT... magram aseTi gva-
ris mezobeli ara gyvavs. vinaa griSaSvili? vinaa aq griSaSvili?
_ ekiTxebian erTimeores.
iqve quCis meore mxares, siRrmeSi saxeldaxelod akowiwebu-
li, xis patara farduli SevniSne, Sig viRac winsafriani moxuci
ijda da dazgaze dadebuli Zveli wuRis nakerebze raRac simZi-
mes ubagunebda. gadavedi misken da mivuaxlovdi.
_ ukacravad, _ vekiTxebi, _ Tqven aqauri xarT? xarfuxeli?
man Zveli saTvalis qvemodan gakvirvebiT Semomxeda.
_ ma sadauri viqnebi, Se dalocvilo? aqauri var.
_ aba, poet griSaSvilis saxls veZeb da Tqven gecodinebaT,
romelia. _ xarazi Sefiqrianda.
_ griSaSvilisa? saxeli ra hqvia? iosebi? ara, geTayva, aseTi
aq aravin gamigonia.
dawvrilebiT gamomkiTxa, ra kacia is griSaSvili, ra xelo-
bisaa, ramdeni xania rac xarfuxSia da sxva. mere viRac mezobels

190
gadasZaxa WiSkars iqeT, aq griSaSvils kiTxuloben da xom ar ga-
gigonia vinaao. sxvasac hkiTxa. etyoboda, guliT swadda CemTvis
daxmareba gaewia, magram verafers axerxebda da Tavs uxerxulad
grZnobda. is iyo, gamobrunebas vapirebdi, rom mewuResTan viRac
axalgazrda movida, _ Zveli, dasakerebeli wuRebi eWira. moxuci
am ymawvilsac SeekiTxa, aq aseTi da aseTi kaci vin aris, iqneb
Sen mainc icodeo. amisTana gvari arsad gamigoniao, _ mipasuxa ma-
nac guldajerebiT.
_ va, e rogora? _ SfoTavs moxuci, _ Tu vinme xarfuxelia,
ratom ar vici? _ mere TiTqos raRac moagondao, _ xom ar geSle-
ba misi gvari? egeba araa egre?
_ ara, _ veubnebi darwmunebiT, _ namdvilad aseTi gvari aqvs,
mas mTeli saqarTvelo icnobs, mweralia, poeti, sakuTari wigne-
bica aqvs dabeWdili; misi namdvili gvari mamulaSvilia, griSaS-
vili ki fsevdonimia-meTqi, ganvumarte, magram mainc veraferi gai-
go da fsevdonimma xom sul daabnia is keTili moxuci.
bodiSi movixade SewuxebisaTvis da ukan gamovbrundi. anazd-
ad moxucisa da axalgazrda mamakacis laparaki Semomesma.
_ ra vqna, ver gamigia, vinaa es griSaSvili, _ kiTxulobda
moxuci xarazi.
_ e mand firuzaze xom ar iZaxis neta es adamiani? _ ucbad
wamoisrola axalgazrda muStarma, TiTqos raRac saintereso ra-
mes miagnoo, _ raRac ise meniSneba, ai, wignebi aqvso, werso, raR-
ac hgavs imasa, ai! – da momaZaxa: _ gazeTCiks xom ar eZeb, Ziajan?
ai, TiatrSic gamodis, wignis kacia, warmodgenebsa dgams, firuz-
as veZaxiT.
_ firuza, xo, ai egaa swored, eg! _ SevZaxe gaxarebulma da
ukanve mivtrialdi, gamaxsenda, rom sosos bavSvobisas firuzas
eZaxdnen Turme, _ eg aris swored! gazeTCiki, TeatrSi momuSave! _
esec xom vicodi, rom erT dros TeatrSi muSaobda.
_ maS, firuzaze iZaxis? Cvens firuzaze? _ wamoiZaxa mewuRem
da muxlze xeli dairtya, gaxarebulma imiT, rom, bolos da
bolos, ucxo adamiani upasuxod ar gamiSva da ar Sercxva Tavisi
ucodinarobiT. mere me momibrunda:
_ Se dalocvilo, Tavidanve egre geTqva, raRa! gana me aq
iseTi gaugebari var, rom firuzas ambavs ver getyodi? firuzas
vin ar icnobs aqa? Cveni xarfuxis Tvalia. vaa, misi saxli rogor
ar vici, visac ginda hkiTxe _ getyvis. gana egre yru var, Se
dalocvilo!... _ mere Tavis axalgazrda muStars miubrunda:
_ aba, Svilo, maita eg wuRebi da Sen am patiosan adamians
firuzas saxlisaken gauZexi. vaa, firuzas eZebs Turme es dalo-
cvili da viRac griSaSvils ki mekiTxeba. gana me firuzas saxls
ver getyodi... _ buzRunebda moxuci mewuRe, _ am xarfuxSi vin
unda cxovrobdes, me rom ar vicode, aqauri kaci var, gana mosu-
li... me da Cemma RmerTma, javriT Zili damekargeboda.
axalgazrdam ki mimiyvana griSaSvilis saxlSi, magram soso
adgilze ar damxvda da Sin dabrunebuls es ambavi mimaviwyda.
amis Semdeg sakmaod didi dro gavida...
1951 wlis gazafxuli iyo. fizkulturis instituti, sadac me
maswavleblad vmuSaobdi, imxanad droebiT xarfuxSi, griSaSvil-
is quCaze, saSualo skolis SenobaSi iyo moTavsebuli. erTxel,
dRis dasasruls, roca institutSi leqciebi moTavda da Sin mi-

191
mavali zemo sarTulidan Camovdiodi, vestibiulSi xalxis uCveu-
lo simravlem gamakvirva: didi da patara darbazisaken miiwevda,
yvelas undoda iq Sesvla, ezoSiac auarebeli xalxi idga.
Turme im dRes i.griSaSvils uwyobdnen Sexvedras. mec gaWir-
vebiT SeveWede karebSi.
tribunidan oratoris aRfrTovanebuli laparaki moismoda.
poeti prezidiumSi ijda garindebuli, magram saxeze etyoboda,
rom ubralo xarfuxeli xalxis misdami aseTi didi yuradReba
Zalze aRelvebda. iqneb imasac fiqrobda, rom misi cxovrebis
daRmarTi ukve dawyebuli iyo da amis gamo gulic stkioda...
magram mis maSindel leqsebSi es sulac ar igrZnoboda, mxne-
dac gamoiyureboda da siberis siaxloves arafrad agdebda:
„davberdi? ara! leqsebis ferebs
dahkravs surneli saukeTeso!... “
sosom SemamCnia karebTan xalxSi CaWedili da xeliT maniSna,
scenaze amodio. mec scenisaken gavemarTe da mis gverdiT davikave
adgili. vkiTxe, rasTan aris dakavSirebuli es Sexvedra-meTqi.
sosom magidaze dadebuli qaRaldebidan erTi mosawvevi baraTi
momawoda, romelSiac aseTi ram amovikiTxe: „1951 wlis 12 maiss,
saRamos 8 saaTze fizkulturis institutis darbazSi (griSaSvi-
lis q. 15) gorkis saxelobis #22 masobrivi biblioTeka awyobs
poet griSaSvilTan Sexvedras. gTxovT daeswroT. direqcia.“ am
baraTs dResac sasoebiT vinaxav Cems qaRaldebSi.
sulganabuli vusmendi oratorebs, romlebic erTimeoreze
ufro mWevrmetyvelurad da aRfrTovanebiT laparakobdnen griSa-
Svilis poeziaze, mis popularobaze da, uneblieT, Tvalwin dami-
dga 1916 wlis xarfuxi, sadac griSaSvilis gvari arc ki gaego-
naT da es im dros, roca mas mTeli saqarTvelo icnobda.
bolos oratorebis sia amoiwura da sosom mTxova, mec meT-
qva oriode sityva.
xalxiT gaWedili auditoriis winaSe gamovTqvi Cemi gulwr-
feli aRfrTovaneba im didi da uCveulo zeimis gamo, rasac maSin
xarfuxSi, poet griSaSvilis SexvedrasTan dakavSirebiT vxedav-
di, roca misi poezia qebiTa da didebiT camde ahyavdaT. mere is
ambavic movyevi, rac aq, xarfuxSi, 1916 wels SememTxva. ra xdebo-
da darbazSi Cemi laparakis dros, unda genaxaT, yvela ise momCe-
reboda, TiTqos sxva qveynidan viyavi Camosuli; sulganabuli mig-
debdnen yurs, magram mere „fxuo“ daiZaxes da sicili veRar Se-
ikaves; kiTxulobdnen, vin iyo is meCuste?! magram aba 35 wlis wi-
nanadel ambavs ase ucbad vin gaixsenebda. vin moigonebda an mas,
an Tundac im axalgazrdas, romelmac griSaSvilis saxlamde mi-
macila... xolo im saRamos Zveli da axali Taobis xarfuxelebi,
ukve saTanadod ganaTlebulni, taSs ukravdnen Tavis firuzas.
diax, firuzas, romelsac erT dros „griSaSvilze“ ufro metad
icnobdnen xarfuxSi.
yvelaze metad TviTon soso icinoda, icinoda Cems maSindel
gaWirvebaze.
_ diax, _ davasrule Cemi sityva _ CamorCenili iyo Zveli
xarfuxi, uwignuri da karCaketili, magram, samagierod, xedavT
Cvens dRevandel ganaTlebul xarfuxs, roca griSaSvils ara
marto icnoben, aramed aseT brwyinvale Sexvedrasac uwyoben. ai,

192
 ramdenad win wasula Cveni cxovreba, rarig gazrdila xalxis
kulturis done sul raRac 35 wlis manZilze.
_ vaSa Cvens sayvarel poets, vaSa mis did adamianobas!
_ vaSa, vaSaaa! _ SesZaxa xalxma da mTeli darbazi fexze
wamodga.
iosebi usazRvrod gaxarebuli iyo am Cemi ubralo mogone-
biT, xels marTmevda, mexveoda da bolos sityvac ki CamomarTva,
rom usaTuod davuwerdi Cems naambobs.
_ damiwere, lado, genacvale, yvelaferi, rac Tqvi. magisTana
ambebs me mTlianad vinaxav Cems qaRaldebSi, uTuod damiwere.
da mec davpirdi, magram erTxel rom mimaviwyda, mere veRar
movabi Tavi.
mxolod 1972 wlis gazafxulze gamaxsenda es ambavi da gada-
vwyvite damewera poetis 83 wlisTavis aRsaniSnav saRamoze wasa-
kiTxavad, poetis saxelobis biblioTekaSi _ xarfuxSi, magram
sxvadasxva mizezTa gamo, daswreba ver SevZeli. werili ki „xar-
fuxeli firuzas“ saTauriT gamoqveynda gazeT „TbilisSi“
(11.08.72). xarfuxi mas saTuTad uyvarda. saamayod hqonda, rom iqa-
ur mTavar quCas misi saxeli _ griSaSvilis quCa _ erqva.
rogorc cnobilia, ioseb griSaSvili wignebis namdvili „mu-
susi“ iyo. Tuki sadme dainaxavda mas, maRaziaSi iqneboda is Tu
ojaxSi, ar SeiZleboda ar aeRo da Tavidan bolomde ar gadaeTva-
lierebina. Tu gasayidi iyo da is wigni ar gaaCnda, ukanasknel ka-
piks ar daiSurebda.
roca me 1929-1931 wlebSi saxelgamis sammarTveloSi sagamom-
cemlo ganyofilebaSi vmuSaobdi, soso xSirad Semodioda CemTan,
miT ufro, rom iq, Cem garda, kidev eguleboda keTili megobrebi:
pavle sayvareliZe (didi pavle) da saSa abaSeli; aqve xvdeboda
xolme megobar mwerlebsac _ goglas, giorgi quCiSvils, mixeil
javaxiSvils, daviT kasraZes, Sio mRvimelsa da sxvebs. amasTan,
Zalian uyvarda Cveni oTaxis karadaSi axal-axal gamocemaTa da-
Tvaliereba.
yovelTvis ise faqizad iyo Cacmuli, wvergaparsuli da dam-
Svenebuli, TiTqos saqorwilod yofiliyos gamzadebuli. oriode
miseburi Tbili sityvis Semdeg miadgeboda xolme karadas.
_ rame axali Tu miiReT, momeciT Cemi biblioTekisaTvis.
sul erTia, sxva waiRebs, Tqven mainc ar dagrCebaT, _ mogvmar-
Tavda soso megobrebs, magram Cven Txovna ar gvWirdeboda, umiso-
dac siamovnebiT vamaragebdiT Cveni gamocemebiT. xolo, roca Sea-
gviandeboda Semosvla da karadaSi axal-axali wignebi dagrovde-
boda, misTvis xSirad gadavdebdiT xolme calke TiTo egzem-
plars.
gansakuTrebiT uyvarda Zveli, bukinisturi wignebi. _ kargia
es axali wignebi, magram madli mainc ZvelSi ufroa, antikva-
rulSi. im ZvelSia poezia, misi gadasuli Sriftis oxSivari,
magram rom aRarsadaa... rac dro gadis, miT ufro iSviaTia aseTi
wignebi. hai, gidi!... ra wawkapuli iyvnen bukinistebi qaSueTis
eklesiis qvemoT. ra gindoda, rom ar genaxa im damtveril gro-
vaSi. axlac davdivar, magram aRaraferia.
sadac ar unda yofiliyo soso, pirvel rigSi mainc wignebi
axsovda da maT SesaZenad arafers iSurebda.

193
 erTxel, albaT 1959 wlis damdegs, saRamo Jams, Cveulebisa-
mebr, Seviare sososTan.
Cveni im dRis sasaubro, isev da isev, literatura, poezia da
wignebi iyo. gamoirkva, rom soso raRac saqmeebis gamo im dReebSi
moskovSi midioda da radgan am qalaqs kargad ar icnobda, bevr
rames mekiTxeboda. Tanac kmayofili iyo, rom sul male naxavda
didi qveynis dedaqalaqs.
ucbad, TiTqos raRac saintereso ipovao, gaxarebulma wamoi-
Zaxa:
_ marTla, lado, kinaRam damaviwyda! Sen rom moskovSi kargi
megobari gyavs, vinc Zvel wignebs ugzavnis Cvens sajaro biblio-
Tekas, modi ra, TaTariaxnad, erTi kargi baraTi mimiwere. mival
da axlos gavicnob. Zalian mainteresebs misi naxva, SeiZleba bib-
lioTekac maCvenos Tavisi... _ sosom magidis ujridan fostis qa-
Raldi amoiRo da win damido. kalamic momirbenina. mec, daaxloe-
biT, aseTi ram mivwere megobars:
„Tbilisi. 1959 wlis 4 Tebervali, poet griSaSvilis bina.
Zvirfaso ivan mixailoviC! am werils gwerT sruliad SemTx-
veviT. Semoviare Cveulebisamebr Cems megobar poet ioseb griSaS-
vilTan aqauri respublikuri biblioTekis erT-erT pasuxismge-
bel TanamSromelTan erTad * da gagixseneT Tqvenc Cveni sajaro
biblioTekisaTvis iSviaTi wignebis gamogzavnasTan dakavSirebiT.
ucbad ioseb griSaSvilma momitana qaRaldi da kalami da mTxova,
mogweroT werili, romelsac piradad gadmogcemT moskovSi Camo-
svlisas am mokle xanSi.
mas didi survili aqvs, gaicnos Tqveni „wignebis muzeumi“.
isic xom didi bibliomania TqvensaviT, rogorc ukve gwerdiT am-
as winaT. uyvars es saqme, masTan erTad aseTi „sulieri naTesave-
bic“ uyvars, kerZod, Tqvenc uyvarxarT, rogorc wignis didi moy-
varuli; is gicnobT Tqven Cemgan da axla unda piradadac ginaxu-
loT da gagicnoT, rom TviTon dagidasturoT uRrmesi pativis-
cema. megobruli salmiT lado jafariZe.“
soso metad kmayofili darCa minaweriT da saTuTad Cado ga-
mzadebul konvertSi.
rogorc ukve gagacaniT, i.m.sarkizov-serazini didi diapazo-
nis moRvawe iyo, mecnieri da mwerali. is bevrs mogzaurobda saz-
RvargareT da bevric icoda rogorc Cveni qveynis, agreTve ucxo-
eTis cxovrebisa. iSviaTi mosaubre gaxldaT da amitom mouTmen-
lad velodi ioseb griSaSvilis masTan Sexvedras, rac, orive
maTganisaTvis sasiamovno unda yofiliyo.
magram, samwuxarod, soso ver Sexvda am sasurvel adamians
misi iq SemTxveviT aryofnis gamo.
igi daRonebuli Semxvda ukve TbilisSi dabrunebuli, ramde-
nime xnis Semdeg ki ivan mixailoviCisagan Semdegi werili miviRe:
Miljy Vladimir Malakieviq!
$ tol>ko qto vernuls% iz serdeqnogo sanatori%, v kotorom pro-
le[al dva mes%ca.
Doma mne skazali, qto ko mne neodnokratno zvonil kakoy-to
gra[danin iz Tbilisi s pis>mom. Ot kogo pis>mo, on ne govoril.
Iz Vawey otkrjtki % uznal, qto +tot gra[danin bjl poet Griwa-
wvili. Kaka% dosada, qto % ne poznakomils% s +tim vjdah\ims% po+-

*
Tamar maWavariani.
194
tom Gruzii, kotorogo % oqen> uva[ah i cenh, kak dostoynogo pred-
stavitel% staroy kogortj velikix gruzinskix po+tov.
Esli bj mne skazali ([ena i doq>), qto zvonil Griwawvili, % bj
ego priglasil k sebe v sanatoriy. Mesto zdes> krasivoe, starje dvo-
r%nskie ugolki turgenevskogo vremeni, qudesnje prudj, mo\njy les,
krasiveywie vidj podmoskovi%. Ego bj, kak po+ta, zaxvatilo bj.
Prowu Vas izvinit>s% pered nim i ob]%snit> emu, qto bol>njm
le[al v sanatorii.
Po[elayte t.Griwawvili dal>neywix tvorqeskix uspexov.
Moskva. 8 ma% 1959 g. {mu Vawu ruku i dru[eski obnimah.
Vaw I.Sarkizov-Serazini
Sevwuxdi, magram raRas vizamdi!
sanugeSo isRa mqonda, rom didi rusi inteligenti ase Tbi-
lad mwerda Cvens sayvarel poetze. ase kargad ixsenebda mas da
gulwrfelad wuxda, maTi Sexvedra rom ar moxda.
es didad sasiamovno iyo CemTvis da Tanac saamayo. vicodi,
rom sososac gavaxarebdi am ambiT da amitom specialurad wavedi
megobarTan am ambis saTqmelad.
sosos saxe gaubrwyinda. kidev ufro meti sinanuli gamoTqva
im „uiRblobis“ gamo. rac Seexeba mis qebas, bevri laparaki aRar
ganagrZo. erTi ki Tqva: eh, ra saqebi varo.
marTlac da, Zalian moridebuli iyo, Tavmdabali, Tavaziani.
„mgosani var susti, nazio,“ ambobs erT Tavis leqsSi da es, me
vfiqrob, pirdapiri azriT ufroa naTqvami, vidre gadataniTi
mniSvnelobiT.
rodesac aqebdiT, Tavs uxerxulad grZnobda, xolo Tu sxvas
Tavad aqebda, guliT da xSirad gadaWarbebiTac. amitom iSviaT
warwerebs akeTebda gasaCuqebel wignebze. piradad me bevri maqvs
misgan naCuqari wigni da TiTqmis yvelas aqvs martivi da gul-
wrfeli warwera „Cems megobars“, „Cems Zmas da piris ziarebas,“
„lado jafariZes, poets, mxatvars, ilias pirvel mTargmnels da
Cems megobars, moRvawes. siyvarulis da sixarulis niSnad i.gri-
SaSvilisagan. 1958 w. 20.V.“ 1916 Tu 1917 wels foTSi rom davpa-
tiJe da mewvia, Tavisi leqsebis wigns ase waawera:
„miyvars me Seni ormagi niWi,
niWi mxatvruli, esTetikuri,
da ha, miiRe saCuqrad, lado,
es Cemi wigni, es tetiuri“.
werilebsac ise ubralos werda, martivs. SemomrCa 1917w.
misgan foTSi mowerili erTi Ria baraTi: g.Poti. Lado D[apari-
dze, _ ase wers soso misamarTs. kidev kargi, foTSi micnobdnen da
ar daikarga umisamarTod mowerili baraTi. maSin jer kidev ar
iyo SemoRebuli misamarTis qarTulad wera. teqsti, rasakvirve-
lia, qarTuladaa dawerili: „lado! gTxov Seni gazeTi, romelic
foTSi gamodis, gamomigzavno aq erTi cali. mec dagexmarebi, Seni
i.griSaSvili.“ TariRi araa aRniSnuli, magram fostis beWdis mi-
xedviT gamogzavnilia borjomidan 1917 w. Tavis misamarTs iwere-
ba: „borjomi, sastumro „firuza“.
gazeTi, romlis Sesaxebac soso mwers, iyo e.w. „amxanagi,“ ro-
melic gamodioda foTSi 1917 wels, Tebervlis revoluciis Semd-
eg, socialist-federalistTa jgufis iniciativiT. is sul raRac
aTiode nomeri daibeWda. mas redaqtorobda niWieri axalgazrda
severiane museriZe. gazeTi „amxanagi“ dRes bibliografiul iSvia-
195
Tobas warmoadgens da i.griSaSvilma Tavis unikalur biblioTe-
kaSi is srul ganadgurebas gadaarCina.
Cems qaRaldebSi sosos erTi werili aRmoCnda. oRond, bar-
aTs me ar mwers. misi adresatia abasTumanSi damsvenebelTa erTi
jgufi. konvertze poetis faqizi xeliTaa gamoyvanili misamarTi:
„abasTumani, sanatoriumi „aRobili“ da qvemoT adresatebs CamoT-
vlis: a.loluas, e.jafariZes, i.jafariZes, T.nozaZes, n.saluqvaZes.
gamgzavnis misamarTi aseTia: Tbilisi. rusTavelis pr. #2. es
aris yofili qarvaslis Senoba (ukve aRebuli), sadac poeti cxov-
robda 40-ian wlebSi. werilic iseTi Tbilia, megobruli, rogorc
man icoda mxolod.
„Tqveni saaxalwlo molocva miviRe, Cemi leqsebis mkiTxve-
lebo. gamexarda! Tqveni gulwrfeli sityvebi mafrTovanebs, rom
SemdegSi ufro mZlavrad vemsaxuro Cvens did epoqas da sayva-
rel samSoblos.
didi mokiTxva areTas, romelTanac miTamaSnia Tedos roli
piesa „msxverplSi.“
dailocos axalgazrdoba!
megobrobas araferi sjobia“.
aqve, calke gverdze moyvanilia Semdegi leqsi _ „megobari.“
„momivlia SoTas mxare, mSobliuri mTa da bari,
miZebnia, mipovnia guliTadi megobari.
visac ar swams megobroba, qurdia da mekobari.
amtania, gamtania, mxolod erTi _ megobari.
amitomac gamigoneT, gesmaT Cemi naubari:
SeiZineT, SeiZineT, SeiZineT megobari.
i.griSaSvili“.
_ Oba%tel>njy! _ Tqva erTma Cemma rusma megobarma misi misa-
marTiT. albaT Semoqmedebac mitom hqonda iseTive momxibvleli,
jansaRi da ZarRvmagari.
i.griSaSvilis leqsebi gazeT „cnobis furcelSi“ („saxalxo
furcelSi“) ibeWdeboda da maTi danaxva gazeTis gverdebze dRe-
saswauli iyo CvenTvis _ axalgazrdebisaTvis. magram, samwuxa-
rod, arc ise xSiri iyo aseTi dResaswauli _ iSviaTad Tu gamo-
ereoda; samagierod, namdvili sixaruli da siamovneba iyo. tyui-
lad ar uTqvamT Cvens winaprebs: dailocos yvelaferi, rac iSvi-
aTiao. Cans, zomiereba uyvardaT da afasebdnen mxolod imas, rac
Tavsayrelad ar hqondaT.
_ griSaSvilis leqsia dRes gazeTSi!.. _ vaxarebdiT erTime-
ores da Tan im leqsis oriode pwkars zepirad vkiTxulobdiT.
magaliTad:
„SeiTanbazars rom gascdeba TaTris folorci,
trioletiviT davyialob gaRma-gamoRma...“
mogvwonda riTmaTa simdidre da originaloba, Zveli Tbili-
sis, Zveli gmirebisa da poetebis xseneba da es sityvebi didxans
gvadga enaze:
„miyvars Tbilisi! irakliviT mudam mSfoTari!
da msurs aq movkvde, rom misi mze swvavdes Cems kubos.
an msurs, mtkvris talRam orTaWalis xrams damagubos
(miyvars Tbilisi, irakliviT mudam mSfoTari).
da me ar minda sxva anderZi araviTari:
axliCeT mwvadi... sTqviT leqsebi... aJRereT Tari...

196
 rom saiqios saiaTnova ar wameCxubos!
miyvars Tbilisi! irakliviT mudam mSfoTari
da msurs aq movkvde, rom misi mze swvavdes Cems kubos“.
_ Semoalaje, lado!.. _ metyoda xolme, roca saRamo Jams
megobrebi binaze mivakiTxavdiT.
mas stumari ar dahklebia, rac lamazi ojaxi aawyo da diasa-
xlisic mSvenieri Sexvda _ stumarTmoyvare, guluxvi da gulke-
Tili, yvelasaTvis sayvareli da pativsacemi qeTo jafariZe.
me ar maxsovs, am SesaniSnav ojaxSi mivsuliyavi da iq vinme
ar damxvedroda _ an sosos axloblebi da megobrebi, an qeTos
sasurveli adamianebi.
ra jobda maTTan mxiarul baass...
Tina jafariZe _ qeTos da _ rusTavelis Teatris msaxiobi
da misi qmari _ emanuil afxaiZe; sosos diswuli, misi biblioTe-
ka-muzeumis gamge, ani ciciSvili meuRliTurT; respublikuri bib-
lioTekis cnobili bibliografi Tamar maWavariani; poetis vaJi
vaxtangi, moqandake zaqaria krawaSvili da mravali sxva, vinc me
sosos ojaxSi Semxvedria, saukeTeso adamianebi iyvnen, sosos
sxva megobar mwerlebTan erTad.
i.griSaSvilis bedi is iyo, rom xandazmulobis Jams igi Sexv-
da SesaniSnav, erTgul meuRlesa da megobars _ qeTo jafariZes.
Tu manamde namdvil bohemur, daudegar cxovrebas eweoda, qeTos-
Tan SeuRlebis Semdeg wynari, nanatri cxovrebis Jami daudga.
mTavrobamac SesaniSnavi, sakadrisi bina gamouyo leninis quCaze.
rogorc iqna, mieca „sadguri myudroebisa“.
qeTo daibada da aRizarda iurist konstantine jafariZis
ojaxSi. leqsebs konstantinec werda da beWdavda kidec, magram,
samwuxarod, yvela isini periodikaSia gabneuli da erT krebul-
Si moqceva ar Rirsebia. Tumca, misi erTi sakmaod mniSvnelovani
naSromi mainc momeZeveba, romelsac Tuki vinme upatronebs, moma-
vali TaobebisTvis ar daikargeba. da vin icis, vis raSi dasWir-
des. es gaxlavT mixeil lermontovis poema „demonis“ Targmani.
is calke wignakad 1928 wels TbilisSia gamocemuli da 1929 wlis
dekemberSi, masTan ojaxSi stumrobisas, Tavad mTargmnelma _
Zvirfasma konstantinem misaCuqra saTanado Tbili warweriT. Tar-
gmani ase iwyeba:
„demon mwuxare, suli devnili,
codvili miwis zeviT frinavda.
ukeTes dReTa mogonebani,
mis win Seyrilni, idgen mwkrivada“.
magram k.jafariZe (da bevri sxva niWieri pirovneba) Cveni li-
teraturuli cxovrebis fonze ar Candnen, radgan im dros poets
sxva moTxovnilebebs uyenebdnen. is unda yofiliyo beladi,
mebairaxtre, winaswarmetyveli, nacionaluri da socialuri saki-
Txebis wina planze wamomwevi, moqalaqeobrivi principebis erTgu-
li.
maSin Cveni ideali iyo poeti-mebrZoli, poeti-meTauri da wi-
namZRoli.
marTalia, qeTo jafariZem umaRlesi saswavlebeli TbilisSi
daamTavra da Semdeg germaniaSic swavlobda, laureatobac daim-
saxura, rogorc saxelovanma momReralma, magram mas yvelaferze

197
metad qaluri mokrZaleba da sifaqize amSvenebda, rac, Tavis did
adamianobasa da silamazesTan erTad, uxvad hqonda momadlebuli.
omis dros sverdlovskSi momixda mogzauroba da roca Cems
gvars gaigonebdnen xolme, yvela imwamsve qeTo jafariZis Sesaxeb
SemekiTxeboda. aqebdnen da adidebdnen, rogorc mSvenier momRe-
ralsa da didebul adamians.
qeTom iSviaTi megobroba gauwia Tavis sosos, uvlida da pa-
tara bavSviviT Tavs evleboda.
emanuil afxaiZem tyuilad ki ar uTxra qeTos mis iubileze
Cveuli oxunjobiT:
„Sen miTi xar mogebuli, sosoze xar morgebuli“-o.
es iubile qeTos madlierma Cvenma sazogadoebriobam 1959
wlis 27 ianvars mouwyo.
xelovnebis muSakTa saxlSi maxaraZis * quCaze teva ar iyo.
qeTo Rirseulad Seamkes Cveni sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebma.
qeTomac axalgazrdoba gaixsena da Tavisi lamazi simReriT dams-
wreTa yurTasmena daatkbo.
ukve vTqvi, misalmebiT msaxiobi emanuil afxaiZec gamovida.
darbazi smenad gadaiqca. misi enamoswrebuloba yvelas xiblavda.
_ iSviaT adamians, saucxoo momRerals, Zvirfas qeTos, _ da-
iwyo emanuilma da waikiTxa Semdegi leqsi:
„iSviaTimomRerali, moqalaqe gagebuli.
eh, ramdeni taSi gaxsovs da fulebi aRebuli.
sxvaze zrunva! es cxovreba Sen ase gaqvs agebuli.
vinc sxvas Svelis, arasodes ar iqneba wagebuli.
Tumca bevrjer gagamwares, dagikodes, mokles guli.
magram mainc msuqnada xar, sul ara xar moklebuli.
ar gvenaxos Seni guli gadaRlili, SeniRbuli,
ar gvenaxos Seni suli Serisxuli _ Senisluli.
Sen imiT xar mogebuli, sosoze xar morgebuli.
aq damswreTa survilia, erTi saqme gavakeToT:
sanam ZalgiZs, estradidan fexi TviT ar aRikveTo.
mogisminoT, yvelas gveTqvas: „Cveni qeTo, Cveni
qeTo...“
da knavila momRerlebi gagvifanto, dagvifeTo.
ragind niWiT Sevimoso, mainc mjobnis Seni soso.“
qeTom am Sexvedraze araerTi simRera Seasrula da damswre
sazogadoeba Zalze asiamovna.
is saRamo, SeiZleba iTqvas, misi namdvili „gedis simRera“
iyo. Semdeg sajarod gamosuli aRarc minaxavs. mTeli Zala da en-
ergia ojaxur cxovrebas, sayvareli meuRlis movla-patronobas
miuZRvna. gaitaca ojaxurma cxovrebam, sayvarel megobarTan urT-
ierTobam. mTeli dReebi ojaxur saqmeebs dastrialebda da sosos
janmrTelobaze zrunavda, uvlida bavSviviT, xolo roca meuRle
gardaecvala, yvelaferi gaakeTa sosos anderZis Sesasruleblad.
dasaflavebis dRes da wlisTavzec Tavis farTo binaSi Tavi mou-
yara sosos megobrebsa da pativismcemlebs da, Zveli Cveulebisa-
mebr, gardacvlili moigones ise, rogorc poetma erT leqsSi
dawera:
_ axliCeT mwvadi... sTqviT leqsebi... aJRereT Tari!..

*
axlandeli qiqoZis q.
198
 mere vin aRar iyo iq. auarebeli xalxi!... TiTqmis mTeli Tbi-
lisi.
mis Semdeg qeTosac aRar ucocxlia didxans. igi dasafla-
vebulia didubis panTeonSi.
i.griSaSvili saintereso pirovneba gaxldaT: yvelaferi sasi-
amovno iyo masSi, yvelaferi mimzidveli. adamianebTan keTil da-
mokidebulebas uadvilebda auRelvebeli da mSvidi xasiaTi, Tavm-
dabloba da ubraloeba.
rogor koxtad aRadgenda xolme Zvel wignebs!
leqss werda Tu narkvevs, yvelafers didi dakvirvebiTa da
pasuxisgeblobis grZnobiT asrulebda.
gamorCeulad aRelvebda Zveli, gardasuli cxovrebis wesi,
nivTebi Tu sityvebi, afiSebi, arRani... duduki, krivi... Widaoba...
da mainc, upirvelesad Zveli wignebi iwvevdnen mis gansakuTreb-
ul interess... guls sxvagvarad uCqrolebda maTi „furclebis
nesti da Jangi“.
_ me Semiyvarda Zvel wignebis nesti da Jangi!
vetrfi yovelgvar Zvel danaSToms, Zvel natamalsa.
ax, netav im dros, roca swerda „dasturlamalsa“
mefe vaxtangi!...
1918 wlis maisSi gazeT „saxalxo furcelSi“ i.griSaSvilma
dabeWda erTi leqsi, sadac is pirdapir acxadebda:
„miyvarda tuCi! _ da SeviZage,
TviT alerssac ki vetyvi uarsa.
rad minda vardi, rad minda bage!
dRes saqarTvelo jvars iwers... jvarsa...
da me damkocnis sxva angelozi
da mec dReidan dameufleba
Tavisufleba saqarTvelosi
da Cemi leqsis Tavisufleba!“
ase rom, didma politikurma Zvrebma i.griSaSvilis litera-
turul interesebs sakmaod didi saxecvlilebac ganacdevina da
misi poeziis intimur-satrfialo Tema sazogadoebriv-moqalaqeob-
rivi motivebiT Seicvala.
am Temaze bevri kargi leqsi aqvs poets, magram mexsierebaSi
yvelaze ufro Rrmad misi „daTovlili medroSe“ CamrCa.
es leqsi avtorma valerian gunias miuZRvna da mis iubileze
waikiTxa pirvelad ara ugvianes 1920 wlisa.
rogorc cnobilia, v.gunia pirveli iyo, vinc oblad darCen-
il ioseb griSaSvils patronoba gauwia da misi gzis winamZRol-
oba ikisra. poeti mTeli Tavisi sicocxlis manZilze amJRavnebda
misdami uRrmes pativiscemas da meore mSobel mamas uwodebda.
es leqsi, albaT, ufro amitomac CamrCa mexsierebaSi.
gazafxuli iyo. ara marto bunebaSi, politikur cxovrebaSic
didi cvlilebebis sasixarulo Jami dadga.
qarTuli sazogadoebrioba cnobil msaxiobs da sazogado
moRvawes valerian gunias iubiles umarTavda.
aseTi ambavi im dros jer kidev iSviaTobas warmoadgenda,
radgan mefis mTavroba Znelad Tu dasTanxmdeboda romelime qar-
Tveli moRvawisaTvis iubilis gamarTvas. am zeimSi farTo sazo-
gadoebam miiRo monawileoba. me, rogorc araerTxel miTqvams, im
dros foTSi vmuSaobdi. adgilobrivma dramatulma sazogadoebam

199
pativi damdo da iubileze Tavis warmomadgenlad mimavlina foT-
is sazogadoebriobis saxeliT misasalmebeli sityvis saTqmelad.
operis TeatrSi teva ar iyo. misalmeba misalmebas mosdevda.
bolos ioseb griSaSvili gamovida da valerianisadmi miZRvnili
leqsi ubadlo deklamaciiT ise waikiTxa, rom mquxare ovaciam
kedlebi Seazanzara.
ai, es leqsic:
„_ amiranma dafqva jaWvi, cxramTas iqiT gadiara.
Sen SeTovldi! da Sens ersac gaumTelda kvlav iara...“
„_ xom aRsrulda Seni fiqri da qarTvelebs sxva ra gvinda?
ha, asi wlis nanatri sul erT wamSi dagvirgvinda!...“
„_ ar SevdrkebiT, ragind mteri Cvens winaRmdeg maxes qsovd-
es,
unda aRdges saqarTvelo _ exla, anda ... arasodes!... “
_ „yvela tuCze vardi mReris, _ ganagrZobs poeti, _ yvelas
Rimi dRes atyvia, dRes kacismkvlel tyviis nacvlad _ mozuzu-
nebs taSis tyvia!...“
dasasrul poetma mimarTa damswreT:
„da Tqven, xalxo, Tu odesme mogiZRvniaT CemTvis qeba,
Tu yofila Tqvens TvalebSi Cemi leqsis aSuqeba,
Tu odesme mec vyofilvar siyvarulis ustabaSi
da scenaze gamosvlisas Tu dagikravT CemTvis taSi,
igi taSi, igi qeba, ah, mekuTvnis me ki ara,
es ekuTvnis Cems valikos, vinc me leqsebs maziara,
vinc me mzrdida balRobidan, vis veZaxdi mSobel mamas,
me ara var taSis Rirsi, is ekuTvnis amas... amas...“
deklamatoris iubilarisaken STambeWdavad gawvdilma xelma,
efeqturi tonalobiT, anu wamRerebasaviT wamoZaxilma „amas...
amas!...“ gamaognebeli STabeWdileba moaxdina...
iubilari _ didi msaxiobi da erovnuli moRvawe valerian
gunia _ uZravad idga da olimpoze mdgar zevss mogagonebdaT... im
wuTebSi Zneli gasarCevi iyo, vis ufro ekuTvnoda is dausrule-
beli ovacia da visi misamarTiT ufro quxda xalxis erTsulo-
vani taSi.
me xSirad vyofilvar mowme ioseb griSaSvilis scenaze gamo-
svlisa da misi misamarTiT aRfrTovanebuli ovaciebisa, magram
aseTi erTsulovani aRtaceba me ar maxsovs. es raRac gansakuTre-
buli iyo, raRac iSviaTi.
axlac ise mkafiod Camesmis xolme „is ekuTvnis amas... amas!...“,
TiTqos guSin iyoo.
soso, rogorc ukve vTqvi, Zalze moridebuli gaxldaT. did
SekrebilobebSi ar uyvarda yofna, xalxs Tavs aridebda.
erTxel, raRac mizezis gamo, wveuleba ganvizraxe. davpatiJe
xalxi. sososac da qeTosac vTxove mwveodnen. dampirdnen, siamov-
nebiTo.
magram, ra mere, arc soso da arc qeTo ar movidnen.
Sevwuxdi, vifiqre, avad Tu gaxdnen-meTqi da ambis gasagebad
maTTan Seviare.
orive saR-salamaTi damxvda. bodiSi momixades, ufro ki sos-
om, _ gavige, auarebeli xalxi gyolia da, xom ici, rogor verid-
ebi aseT ambebs, aseT Tavyrilobaze ra cudad vgrZnob Tavs. Tan
Ramis gatexvas ver vitan. qeToc uCemod marto aRar wamovida.

200
 gulwrfeli iyo es ganmarteba da mec kmayofili davrCi.
miyvarda masTan baasi, misi tkbili saubari.
erTxel Tavisi unikaluri biblioTeka damaTvalierebina. bi-
naSi yvelaze didi oTaxi misTvis mieCina. auarebeli wigni mwyob-
rad hqonda dalagebuli Taroebze. mikvirda, rogor audioda maT
movlas!
yvelafers dawvrilebiT mixsnida da, Tanac, zogierT maTgans
iseTi mZafri interesiT furclavda, TiTqos pirvelad ecnobao.
Zveli arRanic maCvena. „gadaatriala“ kidec da samoTxis xme-
bad Cagvesma orives misi ZvelisZveli hangebi.
iqve idga misi biusti, misi skulpturuli portreti, romel-
ic moqandake zaqaria krawaSvils gamoeZerwa didi ostatobiT.
gavida sakmao xani, rac soso aRar menaxa.
samsaxuri da yoveldRiuri cxovrebiseuli ambebi imden dro-
sa da energias marTmevda, rom survilebi ganze mrCeboda.
erTxel me da Cemi meuRle leninis quCiT vakisaken mivdiod-
iT. Semodgomis mziani dRe iyo da Cvenc auCqareblad mivabijeb-
diT. jer kidev Soridan SevamCnieT, rom belinskis quCaze gamoma-
vali fanjridan (mesame sarTulze) soso da qeTo quCas gadmohyu-
rebdnen. gagvixarda maTi danaxva. imaTac SegvamCnies da aRfrTo-
vanebiT gviqnevdnen xels. soso Tavis qudsac aqnevda da Sin mepa-
tiJeboda. _ SemoalajeT, lado, orivem, _ CamogvZaxoda zemodan,
SemodiT, ra! _ magram saimiso dro ar gvqonda da Sesvla ver mo-
vaxerxeT. „mere SemovivliT“, _ SevZaxeT gamoTxovebisas, magram
tyuilad ar uTqvamT Zvelebs, _ „gadadebuli saqme eSmakisaao“ da
Cvenc Seusrulebeli dagvrCa dapireba.

*
1965 wlis aprilis Sua ricxvebSi gazeT „komunistSi“ akade-
mikos giorgi jiblaZis werili wavikiTxe, sadac avtori didi
guliswuxiliT mouTxrobda qarTul sazogadoebriobas, Tu ro-
gor unugeSo mdgomareobaSi ixila misi da mTeli qarTveli xal-
xis usayvarlesi mgosani ioseb griSaSvili.
Tavis sagulisxmo werils pativcemuli giorgi ase amTavreb-
da:
„mimdinare (1965) wlis 23 aprils igi (i.griSaSvili) unda da-
eswros Tavisi cxovrebis samocdameTeqvsmete gazafxuls. es ar
iqneba misTvis Cveuli poeturi gazafxuli, romelsac winaT axa-
li simRerebiT egebeboda. magram man mTeli cxovreba qarTuli
leqsis uangaro samsaxurs Sealia. vinc saxelovnad daiferfla
poeziis grZneul parnasze da Tavisi eris sulieri kultura gaa-
mdidra, misTvis savaldebulo aRar aris didebis axal gvirgvi-
nebs wnavdes; mas SeuZlia daimedebuli iyos, rom xalxis mier sa-
yovelTaod aRiarebuli Zveli gvirgvinebic yovelTvis axal poe-
tur gazafxuls miulocaven“.
werilTan erTad moTavsebulia s.kilaZis mier gadaRebuli
poetis fotosuraTi, saidanac aSkarad Cans misi avadmyofoba.
yvelaferma aman guli matkina da, gansakuTrebiT, poetis fo-
tom. bevri vifiqre, wavsuliyav Tu ara, radgan vSiSobdi, ar Seme-
wuxebina Cemi misvliT. bolos mainc gadavwyvite wasvla, raTa er-
Txel kidev menaxa Zvirfasi megobari.

201
 vnaxe kidec (es iyo 1965 wlis 16 maiss) da Cemi mZime STabeW-
dileba Sin mosvlisTanave Cavwere rvulSi.
minda poetze es mogonebebi im naucbadevad dawerili Cemi
STabeWdilebebiT davamTavro:
,,16.V.65.
dRes soso griSaSvilTan viyavi.
karga xania, aRar minaxavs, veraa kargad. samwuxarod, sul
saxlSi zis da gareT veRar gamodis. davureke da telefonTan qe-
To movida.
_ cudadaa, genacvale, _ miTxra man, _ magram, Tu moxval, ar
iqneba urigo, egeba esiamovnos Seni naxva.
wavedi. kari mosamsaxure qalma gamiRo, magram zarze qeTomac
gamoixeda, momegeba gulTbilad da misaRebi oTaxisken gamiZRva.
iq ganier divanze ijda soso, marto, rogorc yovelTvis, sufTad
Cacmuli. lamazi piJamos qveS TeTrad gaqaTqaTebuli perangi mo-
uCanda. axali gaparsuli iyo da Tavze misi sayvareli kaxuri qu-
di exura. iatakis erT wertils misCereboda gayinuli TvalebiT.
_ soso, genacvale, ai, ra gaxaro! _ mimarTa qeTom, _ Sexede
vin mosula! Seni lado! xom icani? miesalme, genacvale, Sens
lados...
sosom Tavi aswia da gaqvavebuli saxe Cemken moabruna. nela,
gaWirvebiT... kargad damakvirda, warbebi SeWmuxna, TiTqos mexsier-
ebas iSveliebso da... ucbad Zirs daSvebuli mklavebi gamoiSvira,
momkida xeli, mimizida da gulSi Camikra...
tiroda... gulamomjdari tiroda, Cumad, unugeSod.
_ rogora xar, soso, genacvale? _ Zlivs vaxerxebdi xmis am-
oRebas da Tan gulSi vnanobdi, rom Cemi misvliT tkivili miva-
yene.
soso momCerebia cremlebiT savse TvalebiT da sdums... raRa-
cis Tqma unda, magram ver axerxebs... saxeze cremlebi Camosdis,
ena ar emorCileba, rom raRac miTxras, Tundac erTi sityva.
_ eh, am sabralos iseTi ubedureba ewia, rom xmis amoRebas
veRar axerxebs, _ ambobs acremlebuli qeTo, _ magis codviT
aRara var...
me vzivar garindebuli da xmas ver viReb.
_ kargi, genacvalos qeTo, kargi, Torem Sewuxdeba Seni la-
do... xom gsiamovnebs, roca modis xolme? hoda, aba, rogor movi-
des, Sen Tu ase Sewuxdebi mis yovel mosvlaze?!
is ki zis TavCakidebuli da gulamomjdari qviTinebs, qviTin-
ebs sacodavad...
gabruebuli avdeqi da mZime STabeWdilebiT daTrgunuli wam-
ovedi...
bednieri iyo griSaSvili, Tavis mowodebas rom misdia da
cxovrebis mizans ewia.
im gzam qarTuli poeziis parnasze aiyvana!
TbilisSi, leninis * quCaze, belinskis † quCis kuTxeSi lamazi
xuTsarTuliani saxli dgas. mis sadarbazoSi Sesasvlels marma-
rilos memorialuri dafa amSvenebs, romelzedac ioseb griSaSvi-
lis saxis bareliefia amotvirfuli. qvemoT ki warweraa:

*
axla kostavas
†
axla WoveliZis
202
 „am saxlSi 1951-1965 w.w. cxovrobda saqarTvelos saxalxo po-
eti akademikosi oiseb griSaSvili“.
TiTqos axlac amCnevia sosos fexis nakvalevi am adgils!...
magram is ukve istoriis kuTvnilebaa.
dResac, roca belinskis quCaze gavivli xolme, sosos yofi-
li binis fanjaras Sevxedav da ase mgonia, qeTosTan erTad ag-
er-ager gamoCndeba da sixaruliT gadmomZaxebs:
_ Semoalaje, lado, CvenTan!...

ipolite varTagava

ipolite petres Ze varTagava Cemze daaxloebiT oci wliT

iyo ufrosi, magram es asaki srulebiT ar uSlida xels Cvens
did megobrul urTierTobasa da siyvaruls. aTeuli wlebis man-
Zilze xSirad mixdeboda masTan binaze stumroba galaktion
tabiZis quCaze, sadac qmnida Tavis mSvenier mogonebebsa Tu kri-
tikul werilebs, sadac stumrobda misi didi namowafari Tbili-
sis sasuliero seminariidan _ galaktion tabiZe agreTve, leo
qiaCeli da sxvani, ufrosebi Tu umcrosebi, romelTa Soris viya-
viT mec da Cemi tyupiscali griSac, baton ipolites kolega go-
ris pedagogiuri institutidan.
batoni ipolite da Cemi Zma Zalze axlos iyvnen erTmaneTTan,
magram es megobroba manamde grZeldeboda, sanam erTad msaxurob-
dnen gorSi da erTad uxdebodaT iq siaruli. griSas gardacva-
lebis Semdeg batonma ipolitem Cemi Zmis siyvaruli Cemze gadmo-
itana. mis gulSi darCenili megobris xsovnas erTi mSvenieri
mogoneba miuZRvna, romelic, patara baraTTan erTad, saxlSi ga-
momigzavna. es iyo 1962 wlis 20 Tebervals.
baraTSi vkiTxulobT:
“Zvirfaso lado!
salami! gigzavni mcire mogonebas griSas Sesaxeb. Cemma,
Rrma moxucebuli adamianis, mexsierebam meti cnobebi ver Semo-
inaxa mis Sesaxeb. sxva saWiro faqtobrivi masala, samwuxarod, me
ar mqonda. erTi dRis ganmavlobaSi da isic karnaxiT daiwera,
magram ra gaewyoba! naTqvamia: „suliT da guliT miZRvnili mcire-
dic Seiwirebiso.“
siyvaruliT ip.varTagava
P.S. Tu rame Secdoma da Seusabamoba naxoT, waSaleT. i.v.“
didi siyvaruliT CavikiTxe es baraTi da kidev erTxel vigr-
Zeni, rom megobrul siyvaruls Rrma moxucebulobis asakic ki
ver aqrobs.
rodesac ipolite varTagavam Cems Zmas mogoneba miuZRvna, 90
wlis moxuci iyo. im asakSi rakiRa wera Tavad aRar SeeZlo, Ta-
vis nanax-nafiqrals axloblebs karnaxobda. am mxriv mas did sa-
msaxurs uwevdnen qaliSvili Tina, sofelSi dasvenebisas _ rZali
nina, xolo zogjer SviliSvilebi tarieli da avTandili.
ase karnaxiT dawera man Tavisi „Tanamedrove qarTveli mwer-
lebi,“ romelic mis sicocxleSive dasabeWdad moamzada gamomcem-
loba „sabWoTa saqarTvelom“, uSualod misi maSindeli direqto-

203
ris elguja maRraZis iniciativiT. magram, samwuxarod, avtoris
gardacvalebidan ramdenime wlis mere gamoica mxolod.
maxsovs is dReebi, rodesac aRniSnuli wigni gamoCnda qalaq-
Si; elviseburad gaqra mTeli misi tiraJi, magram mTavari es ro-
di iyo: umTavresi is gaxldaT, rom misma avtorma sruliad axle-
burad gaiazra misi mrwemi Taobis Semoqmedeba da yovel maTgans
namdvilad poeturi sagalobeli uZRvna.
ramden axalgazrdas gaexsna WeSmariti Semoqmedebis gza, ma-
namde mavanTa da mavanTa wyalobiT saguldagulod Caketili rom
iyo.
mokled, am wignma maSin mTeli literaturuli samyaro aala-
paraka. gadaWarbebuli ar iqneba vTqva, rom am wigniT gamowveuli
aRtaceba dRemde ar ganelebula, rogorc ar ganelebula vaJas
Semoqmedebaze misi gamoxmaurebiTa da vaJas sapasuxo werilis
eqoTi gamowveuli STabeWdileba.
gadavikiTxe baton ipolites mier Cems Zmaze dawerili mogo-
neba da iseTi STabeWdileba damrCa, TiTqos Cemi Zma gacocxlda,
mkvdreTiT aRdga. Seusabamoba, ra Tqma unda, araferi SeminiSnavs
da kidec rom SemeniSna, Tavs uflebas rogor mivcemdi, Semeswo-
rebina.
am mogonebis daweris Semdeg ipolite varTagavam kidev xuTi
weli icocxla, xuTi SemoqmedebiTi weli, radgan ukanasknel
dReebamde qmnida, azrovnebda da karnaxobda.
manamde ki erTad davdiodiT Tbilisis maswavlebelTa sax-
lTan arsebul literaturul wreSi, romelsac mwerali, mTar-
gmneli da leqtori savle abulaZe xelmZRvanelobda.
Cven, amasTanave, Tavisufal dros davdiodiT Tbilisis med-
muSakTa i.WavWavaZis saxelobis kulturis saxlTan arsebul lit-
eraturul wreSi, romelsac TiTqmis ormoci wlis manZilze ucv-
lelad xelmZRvanelobda ukeTilSobilesi adamiani, mwerali io-
seb pavliaSvili.
da ai, am wrem dabadebidan 90 wlis iubile gadauxada ipoli-
te varTagavas. ra Tqma unda, daibeWda mosawvevi baraTi, romlis
garekanze moTavsebulia naxevrad profilSi gadaRebuli suraTi
da am suraTis qveS misive sityvebi, romelic jer ioseb noneSvi-
lma dabeWda „literaturul gazeTSi“, xolo Semdeg Sevida mwer-
lis zemoxsenebul wignSi. es sityvebi amoRebuli iyo SoTa niSni-
aniZis Semoqmedebisadmi miZRvnili werilidan: „kidev ramdenime
weli da mzada var, amoviRo saukunis gasaRebi jibidan.“
magram am gasaRebis amoReba mxcovan mwerals aRar dascalda
da aRniSnuli saiubileo saRamos Semdeg male gardaicvala.
dauviwyari iyo es saRamo. mas eswreboda saqarTvelos maSin-
deli kaTalikos-patriarqi, baton ipolites namowafari Tbili-
sis sasuliero seminariidan efrem II, romelic gulmxurvaled
miesalma Tavis saxelovan maswavlebels.
gamosulTa Soris iyvnen: mwerali ioseb pavliaSvili da poe-
ti SoTa xodaSneli, agreTve Tavad iubilari, romelsac fexze
dgoma aRar SeeZlo da pirdapir savarZlidan laparakobda:
_ me rom TviT mweralTa kavSirSiac mivewvieT, romlis Camo-
yalibebasa da Senobis xelSi CagdebaSi, kote mayaSvilTan erTad,
erT-erTi upirvelesi wvlili mimiZRvis, an romelime TeatrSi ga-
dawyvetiliyo Cemi saiubileo saRamos mowyoba, arsad ar mivcemdi

204
Tanxmobas, garda am literaturuli wrisa, am istoriuli Seno-
bisa, sadac TviT didi ilia WavWavaZe msaxurobda da xelmZRva-
nelobda Tavad-aznurTa banks, sadac mas seifi hqonda, sadac is
fiqrobda qarTveli eris bedze. swored am didma adamianma pirve-
lad mikurTxa Cemi patara kalami da jer kidev yazanis sasuli-
ero akademiis students farTod gamixsna gazeT „iveriis“ redaq-
ciis karebi.
madloba mis naTel aCrdils, romelsac TiTqos aq vxedav...
Cvens Soris...
ai, ratom aris dRevandeli saRamo CemTvis Zvirfasi, ai,
ratom movedi dRes aq _ 90 wlis moxuci adamiani.
Tqven ki, yovel aq damswres, did madlobas gwiravT im Tbi-
li sityvebisa da keTili survilebisaTvis, rac Tqven Cem misa-
marTiT warmoTqviT.
me Rrmad moxuci... mivedi iseT asakamde, rom ukve Sevanele
muSaoba da ai, axlaa saWiro namdvili gamamxnevebeli SeZaxili
sazogadoebisa, raTa Cvenma energiam isev ifeTqos da Zveleburad
Seisxas frTebi... da Tu Tqveni survili axda, Tu marTla mivaR-
wie saukunis Wers, maSin isev amoval am scenaze, saukunis gasa-
Rebs amoviReb da yvelas daglocavT...
mimsalmebelTa Soris viyavi mec. bevri ram gavaxsene Zvirfas
iubilars da bolos vukurTxe is marjvena, romelsac igi arTmev-
da did ilias, vaJasa Tu akakis...
es saRamo da ipolite varTagavas gamosvla gedis simRera
aRmoCnda: mwerali male aResrula da, Tumca saukunes bevri aRa-
raferi uklda, mainc samwuxaro iyo iseTi kacis sikvdili, rome-
lic Tavisi sicocxliT amTelebda mecxramete da meoce sauku-
neebs.
dRes igi mSvidad ganisvenebs didubis mweralTa da sazoga-
do moRvaweTa panTeonSi da umwikvlo patiosneba Saravandedad
adgas mis naTel saxels.

205
 saqarTvelos damoukidebloba

mogonebebis es krebuli papaCemis sicocxleSive (1981 wlis noembramde)

iyo gamosacemad momzadebuli. mogexsenebaT, am krebulSi ver Sevidoda mogo-
nebebi saqarTvelos damoukideblobaze da Semdgom mis dapyrobaze bolSevi-
kuri ruseTis mier. papaCems vTxove daewera mogonebebi orive movlenaze,
radgan igi TviTmxilveli iyo yovelivesi. vuTxari, es mogonebebi ar gamoqveyn-
deba (maSin sabWoTa periodi gaxldaT), magram STamomavlobas mainc darCeba
TviTmxilvelis naambobi-meTqi. man es Txovna Semisrula da damitova warweriT
„daTosTvis“. axla meZleva saSualeba, gamovaqveyno orive, rasac didi siamov-
nebiT vakeTeb.
daTo maWavariani.

Cemi werili griSasTan, romelic im dros oCamCireSi

muSaobda gimnaziis direqtoris Tanamdebobaze:

Tbilisi 1920 w. martis pirveli. orSabaTi.

Zvirfaso griSa!
ver iqna da ver movigde xelSi dro, rom guldasmiT davmj-
dariyav da SenTvis werili momewera. iseTi ki ara, rom „Cven kar-
gada varT da Tqven rogora xarT-meTqi“, aramed ufro dawvrile-
biT, ufro bunebiTi. dro, marTalia, arc ise maqvs danawilebuli,
rom verodes movicalo, magram, samagierod, uadgiloba (saTanado
adgilis arqona) ufro miSlis xels. Senc ici, Tu rogori mowyo-
bili varT Cvens binaze. im patara oTaxSi ukve xabakebis meti
araferia (sxva aRaraferi eteva) da amitom yvelam Tavi moviyareT
wina oTaxSi; didi da patara erTad varT, sasadiloc isaa, sas-
tumroc da sawolic; da aba, rodis unda davjde da an sad, rom
werili davwero guldasmiT! swored axla mivxvdi, Tu ra cxov-
reba damikargnia foTis datovebiT. gaxsovs, ra bednierad vcxov-
robdi iq sakuTar saxlSi, ra mowyobili! mere ra saxli! axla
samsaxurs ar ityvi? is samsaxurs ki ara, samflobelos ufro
hgavda da sabatonos. mowyobilic mSvenieri. aq ki _ didi pasuxis-
mgebloba da didi muSaoba, jamagiri ki patara. erTaderTi prei-
mu\estvo am Cemi axali mdgomareobisa isaa, rom foTis malarias
movSordi da Tbilisis jansaRi haeriT vsargeblob. magram, sama-
gierod, malaria aq jibes gauCnda.
Cemi mezobeli mosamarTle, romelTanac erT kabinetSi vzi-
var, didi xania „yrilobazea“ gawveuli da iq muSaobs, misi uba-
nic me mabaria; ase rom, Tumca muSaoba meti maqvs, magram simar-
toviT vsargeblob da, ai, vixelTe kidec dro, rom Sen erTi kar-
gi guliani werilic mogwero.
vzivar sul marto Cems ganier kabinetSi da aravin mawuxebs,
miT ufro, rom msaxuri myavs Zveli mosamarTlidan darCenili,
rusi, yofili jariskaci, iseTi disciplinirebuli, rom CemTan
aravis uSvebs umoxsenebod. sul „smenad“ dgas.
Sen Semdeg, rac aqedan waxvedi, Cemo griSa, aq bevri ambavi
datrialda. madloba RmerTs, rom mamaCemma yvelaferi es Tavisi
TvaliT ixila! da Zalian kmayofilic iyo, miTumetes, rom swo-
red im dros mouxda Camosvla, roca saqarTvelos damoukideb-
lobis miRebis cnoba movida sazRvargareTidan. didebuli mziani
206
dReebi idga. Cvens sasamarTloSi 12 saaTze gavrcelda xma am
aRmtaci ambis Sesaxeb. me im dros sxdoma mqonda da or saaTamde
ver gavTavisufldi.
mere ki, mogeca RvTis wyaloba, wavedi, rasakvirvelia, saxli-
saken gaveqane pirdapir.
qalaqi mTlad „gabdRialebuli“ iyo erovnuli droSebiT.
tramvai Sewyvetiliyo, radgan muSebma manifestaciaSi monawile-
obis miReba moindomes. rusTavelis prospeqti savse iyo xalxiT...
gasakviria, yvelaferi ise ucbad moxda... saidan gaigo ase swra-
fad yvelam, rom aseTi xalxmravali manifestacia moewyo. samwu-
xarod, me sakmaod Semagvianda da veRar mivuswari im aRfrTovane-
bul sityvebs, romlebic warmoeTqvaT sasaxlis aivnidan noe Jor-
danias da mTavrobis sxva wevrebs, agreTve damfuZnebeli krebis
deputatebs. udidesi aRfrTovaneba gamefebuliyo... vin vis ar hko-
cnida da exveoda... aRdgomis dResaswauli gegoneboda, sofelSi
rom ician eklesiis galavanSi aRdgomis wirvis damTavrebisas...
mec, rasakvirvelia, gaverie xalxSi, megobrebSi, nacnobebSi; mama-
Cemic da daTikoc iq iyvnen da erTad vxarobdiT.
im dResve damfuZnebeli krebis prezidiumis da mTavrobis
sxdomaze gadaewyvitaT, aeSvaT sasaxlis Tavze erovnuli droSa
(Standarti) nacvlad wiTeli droSisa, romelic iq frialebda
revoluciis pirveli dRis Semdeg.
Senc kargad warmoidgen, Cemo griSa, Tu ra aRtacebas gamo-
iwvevda yovel qarTvelSi parlamentis Tavze saqarTvelos erov-
nuli droSis afrialeba!... erTi kia, gorSi momxdari samwuxaro
ambis (miwisZvris) gamo, niSnad glovisa, mTavrobis dadgenilebiT
axla is daxrilia...
im dReebSi _ am erTi kviris win _ sazRvargareTidan akaki
Cxenkeli Camovida romelsac moxseneba unda waekiTxa, sa-
qarTvelos saerTaSoriso mdgomareobis Sesaxeb saxelmwifo (sao-
pero) TeatrSi. mec da mamasac, agreTve lenas da daTikos winas-
war gvqonda bileTebi SeZenili, unda davswrebodiT saxumaro op-
eras „qeTo da kotes“; magram, roca TeatrSi mivediT, gavigeT,
rom dResaswaulis gamo (12 ianvars), „qeTo da kotes“ nacvlad
midioda „abesalom da eTeri.“ mamas es Zalian esiamovna, radgan
„abesalomi“ ar moesmina; Cven, danarCenebi, „qeTo da kotesaTvis“
viyaviT ufro ganwyobilni da kinaRam saxlisaken gamovbrundiT,
magram SevxedeT, rom bileTebiT Tu ubileTod didZali xalxi
awydeboda Teatrs. rogorc gavigeT, diplomatiuri misiebic
iyvnen mowveulni da mTavrobis mTeli Semadgenlobac movida.
rasakvirvelia, raRas wavidodiT Sin, imwamsve SevediT TeatrSi
da Cveni adgilebi davikaveT.
ra sanaxaoba vixileT, Cemo griSa!... ra sanaxaoba! Sen rom aq
yofiliyavi, uTuod cremlebs ver Seikavebdi, Seni ambavi rom vi-
ci, didad mgrZnobiare iyo yvelaferi da gulis amaCuyebeli. Cven-
ma alioSam, wuwunavam, jer kidev fardis axdamde scenidan miu-
loca xalxs „saqarTvelos borkilis saukunod damsxvreva“ da,
aixada Tu ara farda, Cvens Tvalwin gamoCnda SesaniSnavi suraTi
_ cocxali suraTi _ qal-vaJni qarTul tansacmelSi da „TeTri
giorgi“ da aseTebi. misi aRwera Sors wamiyvanda. orkestrma Seas-
rula erovnuli himni da mTeli xalxi fexze wamodga. Semdeg
dausrulebeli aplodismentebiT da „vaSas“ SeZaxiliT egebeboda

207
yovel _ scenas. yvela damoukideblobaze da mis momavalze la-
parakobda. gamonaklisi ar iyo. im Rames Sin uzomod nasiamovnebi
da kmayofilebi davbrundiT.
meore dRes akaki Cxenkelis leqcias daveswariT saxelmwifo
TeatrSi. fexze amdgari xalxi didi ovaciebiT Sexvda da did-
xans ar aclida laparaks. bolos, roca „qanci gamoilia“, daiwyo,
rogorc iqna, akakim, aRelvebiT, mgrZnobierad... daiwyo imiT, rom
„didi dRe gagviTendao,“ da yvelaferi es Cems bavSvobas magoneb-
so, rodesac aRdgomis dResaswaulze sixaruliT vegebebodiT
erTmaneTso, did dResaswauls vulocavdiT erTimeores yvelanio.
Cveni erovnuli aRdgomis dRec dadga da mec gilocavT saqarTve-
los aRdgomas mkvdreTiTo. ,,saqarTvelo aRdga, batonebo!...” _
SemogvZaxa aRtacebiT da, unda genaxa, ra ambavi Seiqna am sityveb-
ze, ra ambavi! bevri cremlebs ver ikavebda da tiroda kidec, arc
rcxvenodaT, tirodnen pirdapir didi sixarulisagan... taSis
cemisagan xelebi gvtkioda yvelas. vlasa mgelaZe wamoxta adgi-
lidan da SesZaxa akakis scenaze _ „WeSmaritad aRdgao“ da aman
xom mTlad gadaria xalxi. vlasa kinaRam scenaze Sexta aRtace-
buli, rom gadaxveoda akakis da gadaekocna.
didi aRtyineba iyo swored, didi, Cemo griSa, da es wuTebi
me arasodes damaviwydeba. sizmari megona. mamamac ki ijera guli
cremlebiT.
akakis leqcia-moxseneba mis sazRvargareT saqmianobas Seexe-
boda _ kerZod, saqarTvelos respublikis cnobis Taobaze sxva
did saxelmwifoTa mier. sxvac bevri kargi ilaparaka, metad sain-
tereso da amaRelvebeli.
mere mweralTa kavSirma mamadaviTze ilias, akakis da dimit-
ri yifianis panaSvidis gadaxda gamoacxada da maTTvis saqarT-
velos damoukideblobis milocva. didZali xalxi iyo iqac,
mSvenieri mziani dRe idga. noe Jordaniac movida da daeswro
wirvasa da panaSvids... namdvili erTsulovneba sufevda irgvliv.
sad gaqra partiuli SuRli da brZola, romelic ise Sxamavs
mudam gulwrfel muSakTa Soris damokidebulebas.
meore kviradRes ki didubis panTeonSi miuloca xalxma gar-
dacvlil moRvaweebs.
amis Semdeg ramdenime kviram da Tvemac gaiara da ukve yvela-
feri Cveulebriv kalapotSi Cadga, siciveebic ki daiwyo, namdvi-
li moskovuri, CvenTvis Cveulebrivi. axlac yinavs, Tumca ise aR-
ar. mamam Tvalebis mkurnalobac moaswro; SatilovTan damyavda
da wamlebic waiRo.
7.III. es werili ukve ramdenime dRea, rac davwere, magram
veravis gamovatane. raRac iRblad amas winaT aq viqtor JorJoli-
ani vnaxe da imas vatan am werilsac da Sens wignsac (Celpanovs),
agreTve, Jukis „Mat> i dit%“-s.
rogorc iqna, valikos fexsacmelebi viyideT, miveciT 2000
maneTi.
Cven gvarianad varT. Tqveni ambavic gvacnobeT male. gigzavni
„saq. respublikis“ kvitancias.
lenam da bavSvebma gakoces.
guSin mamas 5000 gavugzavne fostiT. meSinia, siZviris gamo
uxeirod damTavrebuli ar dagvrCes Cveni saxli. axla, Tu moasw-

208
rebs SeiZinos saxlis damTavrebisTvis saWiro masala, Torem, xom
xedav, rogor Zvirdeba cxovreba.
yvelaferi iqeT, soflisaken minda waviRo. ise menatreba er-
Ti kargi dasveneba Cvens saxlSi. didi fardagi viyide 4 arSini X
7,5 arSinze. 6000 maneTi miveci sakomisioSi. didebuli iqneba Cvens
did oTaxSi misi dafena.
saaRdgomod uTuod gewveviT me da lena bavSvebiT. sxva ra
mogwero? daTiko dRes diliT gorSi wavida. saSac Cava iq quTa-
isidan da erTad daaTvaliereben, Tu ra ubedureba moutana qa-
laqs miwisZvram. xom ici, rom amJamad qalaqis Tavad iq parmenia,
Cveni parmeni, qvelis.
mec vapireb sul male gorSi wasvlas.
ase, Cemo griSa, mouTmenlad veli, rodis Camoval SenTan da
piradad mogiyvebi ufro dawvrilebiT.
Seni lado

damoukideblobis dakargva

1981 w. Tebervali

ra mdgomareoba iyo TbilisSi am samoci wlis winaT, sanam

bolSevikebi Semovidodnen, _ ufro imxanad, roca amierkavkasiis
komiteti idga TbilisSi da qveyanas damoukideblad marTavda,
radgan moskovTan TiTqmis aRar iyo urTierToba.
iyo erTi ambavi, partiaTa Sexla-Semoxla. amas daemata uTan-
xmoebebi erovnebaTa Sorisac.
amiT isargebla omSi damarcxebulma TurqeTma da ruseTis
jarebis mier dapyrobili teritoria baTumidan trapizonamde,
romelic upatronod miatova frontze mdgomma jarebma, Tofis
gausrolelad kvlav daikava da Zvel sazRvrebs moadga. ultima-
tumic gamogzavna, baTumic dacaleT, is Cveniao.
gadawyda osmaleTTan mosalaparakeblad delegaciis gagzav-
na, magram TurqeTma, rogorc ambobdnen, amierkavkasiis delegacia
ar miiRo, me kavkasia ar vici, melaparakos saqarTvelos mTavro-
bao. amitom amierkavkasiis komitets gamoeyo saqarTvelos warmo-
madgenloba da saqarTvelos respublikis damoukidebloba gamo-
acxada.
amasTan erTad cal-calke darCnen somxeTic da azerbaija-
nic, azerbaijanelebi baqoSi gaemgzavrnen, xolo somxeTis warmo-
madgenlebma moulaparakeblad erevanSi wasvla ar isurves. lapa-
raki exeboda Tbiliss, romelic maTi winadadebiT, Tavisufal qa-
laqad unda gamocxadebuliyo, saqarTvelos dedaqalaqi quTaisi
iqneboda, xolo somxeTis _ erevani.
magram saqarTvelos delegaciam Zalian Sors daiWira es az-
ri, dedaqalaqad Tbilisi gamoacxada da daikava sasaxle Tavis
adgilsamyoflad.
amgvarad, saqarTvelos damoukideblobis gamocxadebam osma-
leTTan molaparakeba SesaZlebeli gaxada. mogvarda sazRvrebis
sakiTxic.

209
 mTavrobis Tavmjdomared noe Jordania airCies, rogorc yve-
laze ufro mravalricxovani partiis lideri. irgvliv uzomo
sixaruli sufevda, xumroba xom ar iyo: erma Tofis gausrole-
lad, ubrZolvelad da usisxlod moipova Tavisufleba. magram
amas xom SenarCuneba undoda da aki yvelaferi keTdeboda saami-
sod. sazRvargareT wavidnen respublikis warmomadgenlebi _ sa-
gareo saqmeTa ministri evgeni gegeWkori da akaki Cxenkeli, raTa
iq e.w. „umaRles sabWoSi“ iuridiulad ecnoT saqarTvelo, ro-
gorc saxelmwifo. gamovuSviT sakuTari fuli; Seiqmna jari da
sxva saWiro saxelmwifoebrivi organoebi... avad Tu kargad, ase
vicxovreT sam weliwads, damoukideblad, Cvenive Tavis patronad.
magram amas verafriT ver eguebodnen gareSe mtruli Zalebi.
yvelafers akeTebdnen qveynis damoukideblobis Ziris gamosaT-
xrelad. gzavnidnen agentebs, jaSuSebs, awyobdnen viTom ajan-
yebis inscenirebebs... raSic Tavi, gansakuTrebiT, osebma gamoiCi-
nes. magram menSevikuri mTavroba ar moerida Tavis socialis-
tobas da sastikad gausworda maT, rom ityvian _ cecxliTa da
maxviliT... amas garda, aqtiurobdnen denikinelebi, magram mtrebma
veraferi waiRes, piriqiT, general mazniaSvilis razmma krasnoda-
ramde sdia maT da kudiT qva asrolina... mosveneba ki mainc ar
iyo: axla somxebma wamoyves Tavi, viTom usamarTlo sazRvris
gamo da ficxlad Semogvities, magram Cvenma jarma isinic moige-
ria da didxans sdia damarcxebuls, sanam ingliselebi ar Caeriv-
nen da Cvens mTavrobas ar mosTxoves qarTuli jaris SeCereba.
erTi sityviT, mousvenari da daulagebeli cxovreba iyo...
Tumca arc sxvagan sufevda mSvidoba, ufro metic, e.w. revoluci-
is Semdeg ruseTis mTel imperiaSi iseTi ubeduroba trialebda,
rom yvela isev saqarTvelosken morboda, aq eZebda SedarebiT
dawynarebul cxovrebas da poulobda kidec. vis ar naxavdiT
Tbilisis quCebSi, gansakuTrebiT, rusebs _ mwerlebs, mecnierebs,
xelovnebis moRvaweebs.
Cveni damoukidebloba erT-erTma pirvelma ruseTma cno. Jor-
daniam grigol urotaZe gagzavna leninTan. man aRiara saqarTve-
los saxelmwifoebrioba da oficialurad miiRo Cveni respubli-
kis elCi _ gerasime maxaraZe. ruseTis elCad TbilisSi _ kirovi
gamogzavna. magram gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba hqonda evropis
saxelmwifoebis mier cnobas da marTlac, 1920 wlis dasawyisSi
asec moxda.
Cems qaRaldebSi griSasTan gagzavnili werili aRmovaCine.
griSa imxanad oCamCireSi gimnaziis direqtori gaxldaT, me Tbi-
lisSi axlandeli pirveli maisis * quCaze vcxovrobdi da momri-
gebel mosamarTled vmuSaobdi.
bevri rame gamaxsena im werilma. minda mokled giamboT, da-
moukidebeli saqarTvelos bolo dReebze.
1919 wlis Semodgomaze me baqoSi wavedi samuSaod Cveni res-
publikis saelCoSi pirveli mdivnis Tanamdebobaze. gabriel xun-
daZe dainiSna iq sruluflebiani elCis postze grigol alSi-
baias nacvlad da aRar momeSva, _ wamodi da wamodio. gabo Cemi
amxanagi iyo moskovis universitetidan, iSviaTi keTilSobili,
uSiSari vaJkaci da SesaniSnavi oratori. bolSeviki iyo, leninis
mimdevari da megobaric. cnobili iyo, rogorc aleqsei moskovski
*
axla gia abesaZis
210
da popularuli gautexeli mebrZoli, baqos „bailovkis“ da mos-
kovis butirkis xSiri „stumari“. ase rom, gamobrZmedili revo-
lucioneri iyo da, Tanac, metad popularuli. mis binaze moskov-
Si stoleSnikovis SesaxvevSi xSirad imaleboda stalini.
saelCos „sovetnik-ad” gabom miSa CoCia wamoiyvana, Cveni sae-
rTo amxanagi moskovis universitetidan, xolo safinanso ganyo-
filebis gamged _ miSa germanoviCi, quTaiseli.
baqoSi Cveni saelCos TanamSromlebi sabWoTa dawesebulebe-
bis kolegebTan SedarebiT ukeT cxovrobdnen, radgan xelfass
iRebdnen saqarTvelos valutiT _ fulis niSnebiT, romelic sab-
WoTa fulze metad fasobda da didi moTxovnilebac iyo. amitom
me iq Cemi xelfasiT bevri kargi nivTi SeviZine da zogierTiviT
komerciuli niWi rom mqonoda, kidev ufro mets SeviZendi, miT
ufro, rom wamosvlisas calke vagoni momces, xolo Cems bargs
Tan xelSeuxeblobis saTanado sabuTebi axlda. me am upirateso-
biT, rasakvirvelia, ar misargeblia da TbilisSi didi sixaru-
liT Camovedi, radgan Tavi cocxali Camovitane. ar dagaviwydeT,
meTerTmete armiis saqarTvelos sazRvrebisaken daZvrisTanave
baqoSi Cveni saelCos yvela TanamSromeli daapatimres da mxo-
lod TebervalSi gaaTavisufles, roca aqac komunisturi xeli-
sufleba damyarda.
TbilisSi Camosvlisas warvudeqi sagareo saqmeTa ministrs _
evgeni gegeWkors, moadgiles konstantine sabaxtaraSvils, gadave-
ci elCis moxseneba da piradadac movaxsene Cveni respublikisad-
mi baqos damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. saministroSi bevri kargi me-
gobari myavda. yvelaze ufro axlobeli iyo saSa abaSeli (CoCia),
Cveni cnobili poeti, agreTve, artur laisti, didi ilias megoba-
ri germaneli mwerali. TviTon k.sabaxtaraSvilic, _ is xom saf-
rangeTSi umaRlesi saswavleblis damTavrebis Semdeg foTSi
cxovrobda; evgeni xom TavisTavad, rogorc Cems dros moskovis
universitetis studenti. mokled, yvela axlobeli iyo. yvelas
didi SiSi hqonda Cvens respublikaze meTerTmete armiis Tavdasx-
misa. noe Jordanias mTavroba yovelmxriv emzadeboda amisaTvis
da xalxsac amzadebda fsiqologiurad: kaciWamia bolSevikebi
uRmerToebi arian da aravis zogaveno, rac namdvilad iyvnen. SiS-
iT yvelani vcaxcaxebdiT. komunistebis propaganda ki, piriqiT,
menSevikebs aginebda, Cven _ mosaxleobas, samoTxis bednierebas
gvpirdeboda, pirvel rigSi, puris TeTr fqvils. es ufro imitom,
rom Cvens mTavrobas puris fqvili aklda da mosaxleobisaTvis
umetesad siminds iyenebdnen, rasac Tbiliselebi cudad eguebod-
nen. magram bolSevikebi fqvils saidan mogvitandnen, roca TviTo-
nac ara hqondaT da mTels ruseTSi SimSili mZvinvarebda.
naianvrevs davbrundi baqodan imis gamo, rom veRar gavuZeli
saSinel pirobebs. „saSineli“ imitom iyo, rom axalad damyarebu-
li komunisturi reJimi mkacrobda, baqo ki ver egueboda cxovre-
bis aseT pirobebs, rac ver warmoedgina manamde. amitom yvelafe-
ri areuli da aSlili iyo... qalaqis maSindeli mdgomareoba eniT
ar aiwereboda: yvelaferi Cabnelebuli da Calewili, maRaziebi
daxuruli, bazarSic araferi iSoveboda. yvela garboda qalaqi-
dan, sad?! saqarTveloSi, TbilisSi, romelsac samoTxes eZaxdnen.
naxevari baqo CekaSi ijda _ zogi simdidrisaTvis, zogi sabotaJi-

211
saTvis, viTom spekulaciisaTvis da, ra vici, kidev risTvis. Ceka
namdvili risxva iyo yvelasaTvis.
mec ki damapatimres, sruliad udanaSaulod, rasakvirvelia.
rogorc mere gamovarkvie: _ TbilisSi azerbaijanis saelCos pir-
veli mdivani daepatimrebinaT. samagierod, (v otmestku) baqoSi ga-
dawyvites, me davepatimrebine _ saqarTvelos saelCos pirveli
mdivani. maSinebdnen kidec CekaSi, Tqveno, mZevlad gvyavxarT da
ra sasjelsac Cvens mdivans gamoutans saqarTvelos xelisufle-
ba, im sasjels miiRebT Tqvenco. ase rom, Cemi bedi Cemze ki ar
iyo damokidebuli, aramed sxvaze. me Tugind udanaSaulo vyofi-
liyavi da „abraamis batkani“, sasjels mainc ver avcdebodi, Tu
TbilisSi dapatimrebuls dasjidnen. hoda, ra guli damidgeboda
amis Semdeg baqoSi. amitom, rogorc ki gamaTavisufles, im dResve
Sevexvewe Cvens elCs, gabriel xundaZes, gaveTavisuflebine samsa-
xuridan.
baqos komunistebi Zalian cudad gviyurebdnen saqarTvelos
saelCos TanamSromlebs; maT winaaRmdeg mebrZolebad gvTvlid-
nen, Tundac imisTvis, rom sxvebTan SedarebiT, cotad Tu bevrad
ukeT vcxovrobdiT, bina kargi gvqonda, ulufebic kargi gveZleo-
da da mzareulic calke gvyavda. Tanac, Cveni fuli didad fasob-
da da iq oqros valutasaviT gadioda. Tan, mSvenieri manqanac
gvqonda, romelzedac Cveni erovnuli alami frialebda. manqanebi
ki am dros mxolod didi Tanamdebobis pirebs hqondaT.
yvelaferi es lursmaniviT esobodaT iqaur maSindel xelis-
ufalT TvalSi da sul mizezs eZebdnen Cven winaaRmdeg; gazeTSi
sul saqarTvelosa da misi mTavrobis gineba ewera, _ „yviTeli“
saqarTvelosi, sadac „muSebs sisxlis RvarSi“ axrCobdnen da „aw-
valebdnen“.
baqos dakavebis Semdeg saqarTvelos jeric dadga. orjoniki-
Ze im dros baqoSi iyo da meTerTmete armiiT saqarTveloze gamo-
salaSqreblad emzadeboda. is iq ara marto sardali da komunis-
tebis meTauri, aramed, erTpirovnuli mbrZanebelic brZandeboda.
magram saqarTvelos, anu damoukidebeli saxelmwifos sazRv-
ars umizezod xom ver gadmolaxavda, arada, saqarTveloSi Semos-
vla uzomod swyuroda. sazogadoebas fsiqologiurad amzadebda:
viTom saqarTveloSi muSebs aviwroeben, awameben da ajanyeba aja-
nyebas mosdevso da nuTu muSur-glexuri xelisufleba ase gul-
grilad unda misCerebodes maT tanjvas. Cveni lozungi xom ere-
bis TviTgamorkvevaao... es lozungi Cvens muSebs didxans hqondaT
saanekdotod, maT Soris, aseTi leqsic: „TviTgamorkveva erebis
lozungad hqondaT qceuli, saqmiT ki yvela gasrises, vinc naxes
gamorkveuli.“ ase mouvida Cvens qveyanasac, kremlis nebarTvisTa-
nave, meTerTmete armia saqarTvelosken daiZra.
maSinve mTeli amer-imeri fexze dadga. didi, patara, muSa Tu
mrewveli, partiuli Tu upartio, yvela Tof-iaraRs moiTxovda
frontze wasasvlelad _ TviT bolSevikebic ki, qarTveli bolSe-
vikebi, radgan maT swamdaT, rom jarebiT namdvili bolSevikebi
ki ar modian, romlebic eris TavisuflebisaTvis ibrZvian yvel-
gan da yovelTvis, aramed rusebi, da isic mxolod Savrazmuli
nawili, Sovinistebi, „didi da ganuyofeli ruseTis“ „warmomad-
genlebi,“ romlebic ver iTmenen romelime eris ruseTidan gamo-

212
yofas. muSebTan maT araferi aqvT saerTo da pirwavardnili impe-
rialistebi arian.
ase iyo Tu ise, wamovida meTerTmete rusis armia. ori kvira
grZeldeboda brZola. gansakuTrebiT gaafTrebiT qarTveli muSe-
bi ibrZodnen, ibrZoda axalgazrdoba, mowafeebic ki, biWebic, da
gogoebic. Tavs aravin izogavda. namdvili saxalxo brZola gauma-
rTes okupantebs. *
me im dros TbilisSi viyavi da gulis fancqaliT vadevnebdi
Tvals Seqmnil mdgomareobas. col-Svili gaxiznuli myavda qu-
TaisSi da mTeli dReebi, ise rogorc TiTqmis yvela Tbiliseli,
frontidan axali ambebis momlodine rusTavelis prospeqtze, sa-
saxlis win videqi. frontze ki gacxarebuli brZolebi mimdinare-
obda. imdenad gacxarebuli, rom iyo momentebi, roca mteri ukve
damarcxebulic ki gvegona. maxsovs gazeTi „Bor>ba“ _ Tbilisis
imdroindeli rusuli gazeTi _ 20 Tebervlis nomerSi werda: Tu
rogor daamarcxes Cvenma jarebma karze momdgari mteri: ,,Pobe-
da!” _ iyo saTauri Cveni generaluri Stabis cnobisa.
magram miuxedavad am gamarjvebisa, Cvenma mcirericxovnebam
ver gauZlo ricxvmraval momxdurs. isini sxvadasxva mxridan moa-
dgnen respublikis sazRvrebs. TviT mamisonis gadmosavalic ki
ar dautovebiaT gamouyenebeli. iq Cveni jari ar idga, radgan is
bunebrivad didi TovliT iyo gamagrebuli, romlis gadmolaxvas
aravin moeloda.
vTqvi, im dRes TbilisSi viyavi-meTqi, da Cemi TvaliT vixile
is jojoxeTi, romelic Semosulebma daatriales.
mokled, ase iyo Tu ise, mosaxdeni moxda! mere da mere,
rusis urdoebma Tbiliss aRa-mahmad-xani daaviwyes.
gamovedi quCaze, irgvliv sicarielea. bolos erevnis moedan-
ze rom amovedi, oriode uZilobisagan TvalebCaRamebuli moxuce-
buli davinaxe, erTs wiTeli qsovili Semoexvia mklavze. miTxres,
Cvenma jarebma datoves qalaqi da sul male rusis jarebi Semov-
leno. eseni Turme CemsaviT SemorCenilebi yofilan da „seiris“
sayureblad mosulan.
me gulSemoyrili videqi da wasvlas ar vapirebdi. an sad
unda wavsuliyavi? saxlSi? _ samsaxurSi xom sul aravin aRar iq-
neboda. videqi da vucdidi jarebis Semosvlas. aqa-iq gamoCdnen
CemsaviT SemorCenilebi _ ori-sami kaci _ da, bolos, rusis qale-
bis erTi patara jgufic. damlageblebi iyvnen Tu kerZo ojaxebSi
mosamsaxureni, mxiarulad modiodnen prospeqtis mxridan da
mzesumziras aknatunebdnen, cxadia CenCos quCaSi afurTxebdnen.
Zalian gaxarebulni iyvnen, _ etyobodaT da ucdidnen TavianTi
Zmebis Semosvlas. icinodnen, xarxarebdnen am usazRvro naRvliTa
da wuxiliT Sepyrobil garemoSi.
_ Xa-xa-xa! A pomnits% Grun%, erti, ori, erTi, ori, _ siciliT
erTmaneTs askdebian.
Cven _ me da CemsaviT damunjebuli is oriode moxuci _
axlandeli aRmaskomis Senobis win videqiT. am dros erTi inte-
ligenti movida da isic CvenTan dadga. rom Sematyo daRoneba,
gamomelaparaka. poloneli varo, miTxra. isic Zalian Sewuxebuli
iyo _ Cemze aranakleb, magram Tavs inugeSebda da mec mar-
*
am dros tabaxmelasTan brZolebSi iunkrebs xelmZRvanelobda Cemi momavali
mZaxali kapitani daTiko maWavariani.
213
wmunebda, rom sam TveSi Jordanias mTavroba isev TbilisSi
iqnebao. eseni aq mets ver gaZlebeno da ugunurad moxiTxiTe
rusis qalebs brazmoreuli misCereboda.
amasobaSi axlandeli leseliZis quCidan, romelic im dros
metad viwro iyo, cxenosanTa razmi gamoCnda. daRlil-daqancu-
lobisa da uZilobis gamo TvalebCaRamebuli mxedrebi, ganuyreli
budionovkebiT TavdamSvenebulni, mSier-mwyurvalni Zlivs molas-
lasebdnen. erTnair mazaramosilTagan meTaurs ver gamoarCevdiT.
aRmaskomis win kidev moeyara Tavi ramdenime kacs. razmi mcire
xniT aRmaskomis Senobis win Sedga da daiZaxa, _ Da zdravsvuet
sovetska% vlast>, ura! magram sapasuxo ,,uras” mTqmeli aravin iyo,
garda im ramdenime rusis qalisa.
_ Da zdravstvuet Sovetska% Gruzi%! _ daiZaxa erTma maTma al-
baT meTaurTaganma da Cvenc gamovfxizldiT. cota momeSva, gru-
zia rom axsenes. rusis qalebma ki gakvirvebac gamoxates. vinme
efimovi usircxvilod „igonebs“ ,,Zar%”-s furclebze: „Na ulicax
massa naroda, krasnje flagi, mnogo cvetov, privetstvennje voz-
glasj”. da rac mTavaria, ,,Povshdu radosti!” _ gvarwmunebs, TiTqos
marTla vismes raime uxaroda, garda im mzesumziraWamia rusi
gogoebisa.
karga xans videqi qalaqis gamgeobis Senobis win, jarebi Ta-
vis gzas gaudgnen. me sasaxlisaken wavedi, iqneb vinme nacnobs ga-
davyrodi da gamego, ra ubedureba iyo Cven Tavs. zogi ambobda,
Cveni jarebi mcxeTis simaRleebze gamagrebulano da ubrZolve-
lad wiTel armias dasavleTisken ar gauSvebeno, zogi kidev ras.
prospeqtze damfrTxali xalxi dabodialobda. am dros Sevxede
da... „zemelis“ mxridan rusi jariskacebis konvois mohyavda Cveni
jaris nawilebi, datyvevebulni. iq oficrebic erivnen, maT Soris,
Cemi nacnobebic. isini StabSi mihyavdaT.
uazrod davborialobdi naxevraddacarielebul prospeqtze
mTeli dRe da nacnobebTan gamolaparakebisas xavsiviT vebRauWe-
bodi, vinme rame saimedos Tu ityoda. im dRes Sevxvdi abel enu-
qiZes, Tbilad ecva, Tavze fafaxi exura, gverdze viRac mohyvebo-
da. gamacno. alioSa svaniZe gamodga, SemdgomSi Cveni respublikis
mTavrobis erT-erTi wevri _ finansTa ministri (stalinis colis-
Zma). abeli, rogorc miTxra, noe JordaniasTan Sesaxvedrad Camo-
suliyo, leninis davalebiT, magram veRar Camoaswro da imave
dRes quTaisisken gaemgzavra, iqneb sadme wamosweoda.

memedbegis ambavi

memedbeg abaSiZe, aWareli TavadiSvili, mwerali da sazoga-

do moRvawe. man erT-erTma pirvelma mahmadianma qarTvelma, Tavis
ZmebTan haidarbegTan da ziabegTan erTad, orientacia deda-samSo-
blo saqarTveloze maSin aiRo, rodesac religiuri fanatizmiT
gonebaareuli sxva misi Tanamemamuleni jer kidev osmaleTisken
imzirebodnen.
214
 es sami Zma abaSiZe did propagandas eweoda maSindel aWaraSi
da erovnul, patriotul Segnebas aRvivebda xalxSi.
memedbegi xSiri stumari iyo xolme Cveni „saxelgamisa“, ro-
desac me iq vmuSaobdi. adrec mogaxseneT, Cveni dawesebuleba mo-
Tavsebuli iyo rusTavelis prospeqtze #22-Si, operis pirdapir.
mwerlebi, poetebi, mxatvrebi, _ gamomcemlobaTa „StabSi“ vin gin-
da, ar modioda saqmeze, Tu megobrebTan Sesaxvedrad; miT ufro,
metad marjve adgili iyo amisaTvis da dasvenebac SeiZleboda,
darbazSi skamebi blomad gvqonda.
hoda, memedbegic ase Semoivlida xolme da pirdapir Cvens
oTaxs moaSurebda. visxediT da vsaubrobdiT. memedi gansakuTre-
biT Sexumrebuli iyo Tavis Zvel megobarTan _ pavle sayvareli-
ZesTan. SesaniSnavi mosaubre iyo aWareli Tavadi, aseTive SesaniS-
navi garegnobis, maRali, mxarbeWiani, rkinasaviT kunTebi hqonda,
magari. xels rom garTmevda, SiSi gipyrobda, _ ar momamtvrioso;
qera gaxldaT, TmaxuWuWa, cisferTvaleba. didi patrioti iyo da
yvelgan didi pativiT miRebulic.
erTxel pavle cud gunebaze movida samsaxurSi, _ „tramvaiSi
saaTi amomacales jibidano“ da Zalian wuxda, mTeli dRe daR-
vremili iyo, arc gauRimia. SuadRisas Tavisi ganieri nabijiT
Semoabija memedma. _ gamarjoba. rogora xarT? pavle, ra gunebaze
xar, kaco?... dana kbils ar gixsnis... ra mogivida? _ pavlem Ses-
Civla Tavisi gaWirveba.
_ xa,xa,xa,xa... _ xiTxiTebs memedi, _ agre mogixdeba!... loTebi
xarT, biWo, da misi bralia!... albaT CageZina da imitom veraferi
gaige... aba, me ki ar damekargeba Cemi saaTi, venacvale amas, _ Tqva
memedma, pijakis jibidan uSvelebeli saaTi amoagora „Doxa“-s
firmis, Zveli, iSviaTi sizustiT momuSave. _ rogor dakarge,
biWo, saaTi?... daberdi albaT ukve da isaa... sad unda gamoyo Tavi
sircxviliT! _ aRizianebs pavles.
memeds xakisferi kostumi ecva, Tavze kraveli exura. pavles
gasarTobad is dro xumrobaSi gaatara.
ar gasula erTi kvira, rom memedi isev gvewvia. 1929-30 wlebi
iyo. raRac uxalisod gamoimzireboda.
_ eh, biWebo, „nu dascini sxvasao, gadagxdeba Tavsao“. ra
kargad uTqvamT im cxonebul Cvens winaprebs. mec SensaviT ar da-
memarTa, Cemo pavle?!... saaTi amaZvres, is Cemi didi saaTi, Cemi
„doqsa“. ra saaTi, ra saaTi, ra momuSave, ra saimedo!... sadRa vi-
Sovi axla aseTs?!... _ ara, rogor ver SevamCnie me oxerma, meZina,
Tu ra momivida?... _ sasowarkveTili Sublze irtyamda xels. _
vai, mis dedasa, ra iRbali hqonia, rom ver SevamCnie, Torem mari-
liviT mivafSvnidi im orive xels!...
marTlac, memedi iSviaTi Zalis patroni iyo, mtersac ki ar
vusurvebdi mis „marwuxebSi“ Cavardnas...
memedi axalgazrda wavida am qveynidan. didi xani araa, rac
misi nawerebi gamovida erT wignad. me dauyovnebliv SeviZine is
da siyvaruliT vinaxav Cems wignebSi..
im dResve memedis saaTis ambavi ukve TiTqmis yvela mweralma
icoda, romelic Cvens gamomcemlobaSi dadioda. isini metismetad
gaamxiarula am ambavma da memedbegs aTasnairi eSmakuri kiTxve-
biT axelebdnen.

215
 _ kai, batono, ra moxda aseTi?... _ igeriebda memedi abezrebs.
_ netavi sulac ar gamemxila es ambavi!... pavle, sul Seni bralia
es, Tavi rom momWeri... Tqven araferi dagkargviaT, Tqve
dalocvilebo?... _ icinoda TviTonac da Cvenc gvacinebda.

igdiri
1904-1909

igdiri iyo erevnis guberniis surmalinis mazris centri. ma-

maCemi iq quTaisidan gadaiyvanes samoqalaqo saswavleblis inspeq-
torad 1904 wlis seqtemberSi. quTaisSi ki pirvel samoqalaqo
saswavlebelSi maswavleblad muSaobda.
Cven (me, griSa, valiko, saSa) iq, mSoblebTan, saSobao arda-
degebze CavediT. susxiani zamTari iyo. sadgur karxunidan 25 ki-
lometri faetoniT gaviareT da kinaRam gzaSi gaviyineT. gimnazie-
lis formaSi gamowyobil 10-11 wlis saSas fexebi gaeyina, sicivi-
sagan tirili daiwyo, etlidan gadmovida, _ iqneb fexebi
gamiTbeso da etls gverdiT sul tiril-tiriliT mosdevda; ver
gavaCereT, cremlebi RapaRupiT mosdioda.
meetlem pirdapir saswavlebelSi migviyvana, sadac Cvenebi
cxovrobdnen. Cven danaxvaze deda sixarulisagan atirda. 7 wlis
daTiko yvela Zmas kiserze gvexveoda da aRar gvSordeboda. som-
ex tol-amxanagebTan urTierTobisas somxuri aeTvisebina.
saswavlebeli Zalian karg, erTsarTulian qvis SenobaSi iyo
moTavsebuli, sadac sami oTaxi mamas ekava. erTi samuSao kabineti
iyo, ori mozrdili oTaxi didi aivniT ki _ bina.
Cveni Casvla igdiris mTel inteligencias imave dRes gaego.
bevri modioda Cven sanaxavad. isini ukve damegobrebodnen Cvens
ojaxs, uxarodaT, rom axalgazrda mSoblebs ukve ase moswrebu-
li da amdeni Svili hyavdaT. marTlac, mamaCems xuTi vaJi vyav-
diT. meeqvse _ Cveni daiko _ swored im zafxuls dagveRupa dif-
teriiT. dedaCemi gulmokluli iyo misi dakargviT, jer kidev ver
Serigeboda am ubedurebas da Cvens danaxvaze tirilic amitom
veRar Seikava...
ramdenime weliwads cxovrobda mamaCemi igdirSi da adgilo-
brivi macxovreblebis didi siyvaruli daimsaxura.
igdirSi cxovrobdnen somxebi da TaTrebi, agreTve, Casuli
muSa-mosamsaxureebi, ufro rusoba. mosamsaxureebidan bevri iyo
qarTvelic: mamaCemi _ samoqalaqo saswavleblis inspeqtori (e.i.
gamge, direqtori), arCil cixisTavi _ fostis kantoris ufrosi,
ilia Wyonia _ momrigebeli Suamavali, daviT daTeSiZe _ amosa-
RebTa inspeqtori, avqsenti tyemalaZe _ boqauli da a.S. maxsovs
SesaniSnavi adamiani, Cveni ojaxis didi megobari, polkovniki du-
laevi, mgoni, zaurbegi erqva, osi iyo erovnebiT, lamazi, warmo-
sadegi vaJkaci. kidev ufro lamazi, nazi da metad simpaTiuri co-
li hyavda, osi qali. Svilebi _ biWebic, gogoebic. netav sad
arian da rogor arian es keTilSobili da sayvareli adamianebi?!.
Svilebi, Torem TviTon zaurbegi da misi meuRle, rasakvirvelia,
cocxlebi aRar iqnebian ukve.

216
 ilia Wyonia da misi meuRle ana _ merab lorTqifaniZis asu-
li _ bolo dros TbilisSi cxovrobdnen, gardaicvalnen 30-ian
wlebSi. ilia mwerali iyo da me da griSas Tavisi erTtomeuli
gvaCuqa; avqsenti tyemalaZec imave xanebSi gardaicvala. erTader-
Ti misi qaliSvili olia vaso golovins gahyva colad da mSveni-
eri gogona darCa, TviTon sul axalgazrda gardaicvala; arCil
cixisTavi, miuxedavad imisa, rom oficialuri ganaTleba ar hqon-
da, didi patrioti iyo, moyvaruli qarTuli literaturis, TviT-
onac werda patar-patara moTxrobebs, mgoni beWdavda kidec. cek-
vavda mSvenivrad, xSirad Coxa-axaluxs da ufro Zvelebur qarT-
ul qulajas atarebda. fostis uwyebaSi naxevar saukuneze meti
imsaxura. gardaicvala 1959 wels TbilisSi. darCa vaJi da ori qa-
liSvili. daviT daTeSiZesac qaliSvilebi darCa, cxovroben Tbi-
lisSi.
qarTvelebidan, marTla, kinaRam damaviwyda simon agiaSvili,
orklasiani saswavleblis gamge. maswavleblebidan: giorgi kupra-
Svili, anania goguaZe (jamleTis Ze), konstantine gamyreliZe (gi-
orgi jafariZis qaliSvili hyavda colad). masTan erTi wlis
cxovrebis Semdeg 1909 Tu 1910 wels tragikulad daasrula
sicocxle: jer axalgazrda coli mokla revolveriT da iqve
TviTonac moikla Tavi. es moxda veris daRmarTze, iq, sadac Sem-
deg mwerali mixeil javaxiSvili cxovrobda.
adgilobrivi macxovreblebidan maxsovs maRaziebis patrone-
bi: isabekianebi, kanaiancebi, Saxsuvarianebi, ter-manuiliani, ako-
fiani. yvela eseni didi megobrebi iyvnen mamasi da kidev ufro
arCil cixisTavisa. sul erTad iyvnen, WirSi, lxinSi. TaTrebidan
maxsovs didi gvaris makinskebi, mgoni, Tavadebi iyvnen, anu begebi;
makinski raSid-xani, muxtar-begi, musaxani, SamSadinovebi da sxva-
ni.
mgoni, im igdireli isabekianis Svilia Tu SviliSvili mxat-
vari eduard isabekiani, romelsac arCil cixisTavis mSvenieri
portreti dauxatavs zeTis saRebavebiT, qulajiT (Tbilisis sam-
xatvro akademia daumTavrebia).
igdirSi qarTvelebidan iyo agreTve qsante dgebuaZe Tavis
meuRle pelagea jafariZesTan erTad. gamosaRebTa meore inspeq-
tors sokolovs qarTveli coli hyavda (rogorc eliko cixis-
Tavma miTxra, arCil qurdianis simamri yofila Turme,). s.kulpSi,
sadac qvamarilis sabadoebi iyo, e.i. Cveneburad aRzevanSi, fos-
tis ufrosad agiaSvili muSaobda, s.aStarakSi samoqalaqo saswav-
leblis inspeqtorad mamas amxanagi _ meliton WiWinaZe; erevnis
guberniis saxalxo saswavleblebis direqtori im dros cnobili
pedagogi aleqsi WiWinaZe iyo.
mamaCems ramdeni hqonda jamagiri, ar vici, magram 1906 wels
man inspeqtoris pensia daimsaxura, amitom jamagiri da pensia er-
Tad karga „blomad“ gamodioda. im dros SesaniSnavi xorci (axa-
li, rasakvirvelia, gana gayinuli!) girvanqa _ Sauri Rirda, e.i.
oya _ 15 kapiki (kilo 12-13 kapiki), girvanqa brinji _ 3 kapiki,
„aqula“ brinji _ 4 kapiki, boTli Rvino _ Sauri (5 kapiki), aseve
iafi iyo rZis nawarmi. SesaniSnavi msxvilTvala „ganjuri“ yurZe-
ni girvanqa 1 kapiki Rirda,FfuTi _ 40 kapiki.
cudi iyo, rom sasmeli wylis uqonlobis gamo araqsis
mRvrie wyliT sargeblobdnen, romelic baRebisa da yanebis mosa-

217
rwyavad quCebSi mozrdili TxrilebiT moedineboda. sasmelad
specialur qvis gobebSi gafiltrul wyals xmarobdnen. ase rom,
yovel ojaxSi idga didi qvis gobebi, romlebSic araqsis mRvrie
wyali esxa da mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi ukve dawmendili wveT-
wveTad Cadioda im gobebs Sedgmul CafSi. avsebis Semdeg, crem-
liviT ankara wyals sxva WurWelSi gadaasxamdnen da im Cafs isev
Seudgamdnen qvis filtrs. gasufTavebuli wyali ukve gemrielic
iyo da krialac.
Cveni ojaxisaTvis Zneli iyo aseT wyalTan Segueba, magram
ras vizamdiT. raWaSi iseTi kargi wylebia, mtknaric, mJavec da
aseT sikeTes miCveulni, iZulebulni viyaviT, wveTobiT miRebuli
wyliT davkmayofilebuliyaviT.
iq tyeebi arsad aris. irgvliv unayofo mariliani miwaa. SeSa
arsad iSoveba, amitom ise, rogorc yvela, Rumels wiviT vaTbob-
diT, romelic saqonlis nakelisagan keTdeba (puriviT zelen da
mere mzeze aSroben). wiva wvis dros did kvamls uSvebs, amitom
iqaur xalxs sul dawiTlebuli, daavadebuli Tvalebi aqvs.
quTaisidan igdirSi mivdiodiT erevnis matarebliT, Tbili-
sis gavliT. CavdiodiT sadgur karxunSi, saidanac igdiramde 25
versi etliT unda gagvevlo. magram gza iyo lariviT swori da
meetleebi xSirad gaaqanebdnen xolme cxenebs ise, rom sul xviT-
qi gasdiodaT sawylebs. irgvliv triali, moxmetili, unayofo ve-
lebi Canda, TiTqos TeTri mariliT mofrqveuli. Tu sadme alvis
xeebi gamoCndeboda, es imas niSnavda, rom iq sofeli iyo. Canda
mxolod lamazi, amayad momzirali didi ararati.

parmen caxeli

poetma caxelma Cems cnobierebaSi jer kidev im dros daikava

sakmaod safuZvliani adgili, rodesac skolis asakSi Segnebuli
cxovrebis gzaze pirvel nabijebs vdgamdi. wakiTxul wignebs bav-
Svuri uSualobiT aRviqvamdi; SesaZloa bundovnad, magram cxove-
li interesiT.
1890-iani wlebi iyo. me im dros onSi samazro saswavlebelSi
vswavlobdi da Zalian miyvarda Cveni ojaxis sawigne karadasTan
triali.
erTxel me da Cemma Zmam griSam Cven ,,wignsacavSi” aseTi sa-
Tauris wigni aRmovaCineT _ „gurgen raindi“; legenda caxelisa,
_ ewera ydaze. gadavfurcleT:
„lomsaviT qeCoayrili,
adidebuli, mZvinvari
mohquxs rioni, mTebs Sua
amyad Camomdinari“...
rioni? Cveni rioni!... cas vewieT bavSvuri sixaruliT. „zeviT
cas Sehyefs muqariT da qveS glejs dedamiwasa“, _ ase iyo moce-
muli iq Cveni sayvareli mdinaris suraTi; Semdeg aRwerilia pei-
zaJebi _ kordebi, serebi, Zveli koSkebi da cixe-darbazebi, saida-
nac „saTofurebi mrisxaned iyurebian“:
„Tavzarsa scemen mosul mters
da sikvdils emuqrebian“.

218
 gagvitaca gurgen raindis Tavgadasavalma, mtrebTan sabrZo-
lvelad misma salaSqrod wasvlam, Semdeg mzakvari mouravis Ra-
latma da gurgenis ojaxSi datrialebulma ubedurebam, rasac sa-
bolood simarTlis gamarjveba mohyveba: „gamxiarulda sasaxle
kvlav gurgen bednierisa“. misi finali Cvens bavSvur gulebs
sixaruliT avsebda.
mas Semdeg, rac mamaCvenma gangvimarta, Tu vin iyo caxeli _
igive TvalWreliZe, misdami interesi kidev ufro gagviZlierda
da ufro gulmodgined gadavikiTxeT misi patar-patara wignebi. am
gamocemebs lamaz, gmirul warsulSi gadavyavdiT, sadac qveynis
sasikeTod iwvoda vaJkacTa suli. garda amisa, dagvainteresa poe-
tis mSobliurma kuTxemac, kerZod, misma sofelma caxma. amitom
quTaisi-onis gzaze mgzavrobisas mudam didi interesiT vakvirde-
bodiT Wrebalos gaRma amarTul mTebs, sadac xSiri tyeebiT gar-
Semortymuli poetis sofeli caxi gveguleboda. Cveni bavSvuri
warmodgeniT, SesaZloa, iq TviT gurgen raindsac araerTxel
uvlia Tavisi jariT.
samSoblos, eris erTgulebiTaa gamTbari caxelis Semoqmede-
bis yoveli striqoni, amitom didi siyvaruliT viyavi ganwyobili
misi Semoqmedebisa da pirovnebisadmi. survili mqonda, avsuliyavi
poetis sofel caxSi, gamecno Tavad poetic da misi poeturi sam-
yaroc.
mogiyeviT ukve, _ 1906 wels moskovis erT-erT studentur
wreSi TvalWreliZis gvari amoikiTxes. me yuradRebiT movaTvali-
ere Sekrebilni, magram qarTuli saxe versad davinaxe, amitom
Zalian gamikvirda, roca erT-erT studentze mimiTiTes. mas metad
simpaTiuri rusuli saxe hqonda; tanmorCili, qera, seriozuli
gamometyvelebiT
gamoirkva, rom es simpaTiuri studenti Tumca TvalWreliZe
iyo, magram qarTvels TiTqmis aravis icnobda.
_ poeti caxeli Tu gagigoniaT? _ vkiTxe bolos, _ is Tqveni
gvarisaa, TvalWreliZea.
students uecrad saxe gaubrwyinda, saTvalis CarCoebidan
Ria feris Wkviani TvalebiT Semomacqerda da metad kmayofili
RimiliT mipasuxa:
_ poeti caxeli biZaa Cemi. Tqven icnobT mas? _ da axalgaz-
rda momiyva Tavis ambavs: is caxelis ufrosi Zmis antonis vaJi
gamodga, romelic biZamisis mgznebare patriotizmiT sunTqavda
da universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg saqarTveloSi muSaobaze
ocnebobda.
marTlac, aleqsandre TvalWreliZem SemdgomSi mTeli Tavisi
didi codna, gamocdileba saqarTvelos da mis keTildReobas mo-
axmara. gamoCenilma mecnierma _ geologma da mineralogma ganu-
zomeli Rvawli dasdo Cvens qveyanas.
mere, roca Cven erTmaneTs vxvdebodiT, mudam erTnairi siamo-
vnebiT vixsenebdiT Cvens pirvel Sexvedras moskovis universitet-
Si da im tkbil saubars, romelic gamoiwvia mgznebare poetis sa-
erTo siyvarulma.
sasiqadulo mecniers mTeli Tavisi keTilSobili guliT uy-
varda poeti-biZa.

219
 _ samSoblos tkbili siyvaruli bavSvobidanve biZaCemma Cami-
nergao, _ ityoda xolme is, _ da es didi grZnoba Turme, mis
naTel saxelTan erTad miuZRvoda yovel saqmianobaSi.
biZis tragikulad daRupvis Semdeg saxelovanma Zmiswulma
Tavad itvirTa daoblebuli ojaxis mfarveloba da saWiro mzru-
nvelobas arasdros aklebda. Cans, tyuilad ar umRerda poeti
Cvil Zmiswuls, samSoblos did qomags momavalSi:
„da ros omidan dabrunde mxsnelis saxeliT mkobili,
mamulis gmirTa winamZRvrad, xelSi mZle droSa
pyrobili,
Cems saflavzeda maxare mtris musvra, Cveni lxineba,
da amis Semdeg samudmod mec tkbilad dameZineba“.
piradad caxels me mxolod 1917 Tu 1918 wels Sevxvdi. im
wels quTaisis gimnaziaSi maswavlebloba daiwyo Cemma Zmam gri-
Sam. erTxel, roca gimnaziaSi Zmas mivakiTxe, sadac sacxovrebeli
binaca hqonda, Cveni sasiqadulo poetic swored maSin gavicani;
caxeli gimnaziaSi im dros qarTuls aswavlida.
poeti metad gulTbilad Semxvda. keTil Tvalebs ar gvaSo-
rebda xan me, xan Cems Zmas, gaocebuli iyo Cveni uCveulo msgavse-
biT.
aseTi iyo Cemi Sexvedra sayvarel poetTan. merec araerTxel
Sevxvedrivar da misi araerTi tkbili saubari momismenia.
garegnobiT poeti metad mimzidveli iyo: Savi wver-ulvaSi
da sqeli qoCori amSvenebda mis sandomian Savgvreman saxes. ganie-
ri mxarbeWi, magari mklavebi da xelis mozrdili mtevnebi vaJka-
cur iers aZlevda da fizikur SromaSi mis gamocdilebaze met-
yvelebda. Tavisufal dros is marTla muSaobda miwaze, quTaisis
axlos Tavis karmidamoSi.
maxsendeba poetTan saubris erTi detalic: erTxel laparaki
Camovugde im wlebSi TiTqmis ukve miyuCebul, magram manamde met-
ad gaxmaurebul literaturul movlenaze, kerZod, quTaisSi moR-
vawe cisferyanwelebsa da simbolistebze. ar esiamovna. Sens Zmas-
Tanac araerTxel gvqonia amaze laparaki, aba, ra sawamebelia is
mwerloba, romelic Cvens wminda warsuls udierad axsenebs; vinc
warsuls arafrad miiCnevs, is momavalsac ver iwamebs; adamians
ki me warsulis siyvaruliT da momavlisaTvis brZolis unariT
vafasebo. e.w. wminda xelovnebis principebi ara swamda. misi saTa-
yvanebeli iyo saqarTvelos gmiruli warsuli da Cveni didi kla-
sikosebis iliasa da akakis erovnul-gamaTavisuflebeli maRali
ideebiT gamsWvaluli mgznebare patriotuli Semoqmedeba. maTze
raime upativcemulo sityvis gagonebas verafriT ver iTmenda.
miuxedavad imisa, rom Tavisi poeturi Sinagani xedviT caxe-
li mxolod warsulSi iyo, praqtikul saqmianobaSi is, rogorc
progresulad moazrovne patrioti da moqalaqe, did monawile-
obas iRebda sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi, aqtiurad exmareboda xa-
lxis keTildReobisaTvis yovel patiosan mebrZols; am mizeziT
sofelSi mamapapuri saxlic ki gadauwves.
caxeli ubralo iyo da upretenzio, Tavaziani, pirdapiri,
Seurigebeli mowinaaRmdegesTan, xolo faqizi da nazi Tanamoaz-
resTan. mSvidi, kacTmoyvare da gulkeTili. gaWirvebam adre mote-
xa:

220
 „adre momtexa cxovrebam da mawyevlina Tavbedi,
Zlivs davWabukdi, davkacdi da, vxedav, ukve davberdi“.
caxelis nawerebi mxolod patar-patara wignebis saxiT max-
sovs: „zarnaSo“, „ukvdavi sardali“, „gurgen raindi“, „Salvas
Tavgadasavali“ da e.w. „ramdenime leqsi caxelisa“. maTi gamomcem-
lebi kerZo pirebi iyvnen, umTavresad _ qarTuli wignis moyvaru-
li enTuziastebi da poetis piradi pativismcemlebi, maT Soris,
cnobili z.WiWinaZe, Zveli mwignobari da mwerali. ekonomikur ba-
zas moklebul gamomcemlebs cotad Tu bevrad, mozrdili wignis
gamocemis SesaZlebloba ar hqondaT. mkiTxvelic ar hyavdaT didi
raodenobiT, rom dabeWdili produqcia droze gaesaRebinaT. es
savsebiT naTlad Cans caxelis erTi wignis ukana ydaze dabeWdi-
li gancxadebidan: „z.WiWinaZis maRaziaSi, iarmukaze, aleqsandro-
vis baRis gverdze, rusis saydris zemoT, arjevaniZis saxlebSi
isyideba sxvadasxva qarTuli wignebi“.
cnobilia, rom es arjevaniZis saxlebi, sadac binadrobdnen
bukinistebi, qarTuli wignis imdroindeli gulwrfeli moamageni,
axlandel arCil jorjaZis quCaze iyo moTavsebuli. sakvirvelia,
nuTu maSin am quCas Tavisi saxelwodeba ar gaaCnda, rom aseTi
mravalsityviani miniSnebebi ar dasWirvebodaT?!.
Tumca caxelis mTliani krebuli arc iq iyo, qarTuli sazo-
gadoeba mainc did interess iCenda misi nawerebisadmi rogorc
mxatvruliGRirsebebis gamo, ise pedagogiur-aRmzrdelobiTi Tva-
lsazrisiTac, radgan poetis yoveli nawarmoebi xmamaRla da
gabedulad qadagebda brZolas usamarTlobis winaaRmdeg da bav-
Svebisadmi gansakuTrebul saTuT damokidebulebas amJRavnebda.
poets ori samyaro hqonda. erTi maTgani iyo iq, „sadac gri-
gali grialebs da Semodgomis furceli ugzakvlod caSi tria-
lebs“ _ e.i. mebrZoli da Seupovari, meore ki _ „sad gazafxuli
irTveba da dilis nami foTlebze moedeb-moezvirTeba“.
1919 wlis 31 agvistos mis mebrZol suls Savi burusi gadae-
fara da
„keTils, uZlurad mimomsvlels
am muxTal qveyanazeda
ganrisxebuli boroti
gadaeRoba gzazeda“.
naZiralebis mier mogzavnili avazakebis tyviam gaugmira
guli, romelic samSoblos siyvaruliT feTqavda.
poetis mkvlelobas sazogadoeba didi aRSfoTebiT gamoexma-
ura, magram boroteba mZlavrobda, ZaRli patrons ver cnobda,
xelisuflebasac ar gaaCnda sakmarisi Zala avazakTa Sesapyrobad.
presaSi gamoqveynda samgloviaro werilebi, maT Soris, quTaisis
gazeT „samSobloSi“ cnobili sazogado moRvawis, vasil wereT-
lisa, romelic zizRs da krulvas ugzavnida mkvlelebs.
mere kacis mkvlels marto zizRi unda miezRos?
Cemma Zmamac dabeWda megobrobis grZnobiT gamTbari werili
gazeT „saxalxo saqmeSi“, romelic poetis Semoqmedebasac exebo-
da mokled.

221
 Teofile xuskivaZe

im dros, 1900-ian wlebSi, jer kidev quTaisis realur saswav-

lebelSi vswavlobdi. skolaSi mimavali, me da Cemi Zma griSa,
gzaze Semxvedrebs vakvirdebodiT, ufro ki „formaSi“ gamowyobi-
lebs, romlebic Cvens warmodgenaSi „didi Tanamdebobisani“ unda
yofiliyvnen. erTxel maT Soris Tvali movkari erT sandomiani
saxis, wver-ulvaSiT damSvenebul, maRal, mxarbeWian „formians“,
romelic puSkinis quCaze modioda da nacnobebTan Sexvedrisas
Tavazianad quds ixdida.
griSam xeli gamkra: _ ici, vin aris? Cveni valiko xuskivaZis
mamaa (valiko Cveni Tanaklaseli iyo), mwerali Teofile xuskiva-
Ze, gaxsovs, sofelSi rom vkiTxulobdiT?
marTlac, maSinve gamaxsenda sofeli, Cveni saxli, mamas bib-
lioTeka da patara wigni _ „Txzulebani“ Teofile xuskivaZisa.
„axalsenakic“ gamaxsenda, ydaze rom ewera im adgilis aRsaniS-
navad, sadac daibeWa. griSa wignebis mususi iyo, araferi gamo-
rCeboda waukiTxavi. me am saqmeSi sakmaod CamovrCebodi, magram
„Txzulebani“, misi Sinaarsi mainc kargad maxsovda da guliT
TanavugrZnobdi mis gmirebs _ student bedkrulaZes, maswavle-
bels gulkeTiliSvils da sxvebs, romlebic maSindeli cxovre-
bis ulmobeli pirobebis gamo sul axalgazrdebi iRupebian. es me
uRrmesi protestis suliskveTebiT mavsebda da socialur usamar-
TlobasTan mebrZolTa banakisaken meweoda.
Cvens biblioTekaSi Teofile xuskivaZis sxva wignebic moiZe-
veboda. maTgan yvelaze ufro mogvwonda istoriuli moTxroba
„konstantine batoniSvili“. es wigni marto imiT ki ar gvizidav-
da, rom moTxrobis gmiri _ axalgazrda konstantine _ mefe sol-
omonis Zaladobis msxverpli Seiqna da Tavisi mware xvedriT
Cvens bavSvur TanagrZnobas imsaxurebda, aramed imitomac, rom
masSi Cveni mSobliuri raWis zogierTi adgilicaa moxseniebuli;
es ki CvenTvis ucxo xili iyo, Tanac, sasiamovno. garda amisa, mis
personaJTa Soris Cveni winaparicaa gamoyvanili: muxuris cixeSi
dapatimrebuli konstantines dedis TxovniT ruseTis imperatorma
aleqsandre I-ma saTanado sigeliT imereTis mefe solomonTan
elCi sokolovi moavlina, sadac mefe konstantines gaTavisufle-
bas „urCevda“. movlinebuli sokolovi ruseTidan raWis mTebiT
gadmovida, sofel Rebze, sadac mas mefis warmomadgeneli, zemo
raWis mouravi Tavadi jafariZe Sexvda. man ucxo stumari, mxleb-
lebiTurT, jer Tavis sofelSi miipatiJa, Semdeg mefesTan waiyva-
na, xvanWkaraSi Seaxvedra da sxva.
yvelaferi es Cvens norC gulebs aRelvebda, moTxrobas mim-
zidvels da axlobels xdida, avtors ki Cveni gulwfeli siyva-
rulisa da pativiscemis grZnobiT mosavda.
da, ai, isic!
mwerlis es momxibvleli garegnoba zustad exmianeboda mas-
ze Cems warmodgenas. kmayofili didxans mivCerebodi mimavals,
vidre is meore quCaze gauxvevda da qalTa gimnaziis Senobas mie-
fareboda.
amis Semdeg did dros ar gauvlia, rom Cven Zvirfasi mwer-
lis ojaxSic movxvdiT.

222
 quTaisSi imxanad Zalian intensiurad muSaobdnen politiku-
ri partiebi, raTa moswavle axalgazrdoba miemxroT da TavianT
aralegalur wreebSi CaebaT. Cvenc _ me da griSa _ Cawerili viya-
viT aseT wreSi. iq mecadineobebs atarebda axalgazrda studenti
daniel qinqlaZe _ SemdegSi Tbilisis universitetis rusuli en-
is leqtori. wreSi vswavlobdiT politikur ekonomikas, soci-
alizmis sakiTxebs da bevr sxvas, rac proletariatis brZolis
istorias aSuqebda klasobrivi TvalsazrisiT.
yvelafers gulmodgined vswavlobdiT da Tavi revolucione-
rebad, socialuri usamarTlobisagan gaTavisuflebisaTvis mebr-
Zolebad mogvqonda. magram Cveni sulis erT patara kunWuls ma-
inc RrRnida raRac, es leqciebi raRacas mainc ver pasuxobda
mTlianad da amomwuravad. es raRaca, rogorc SemdegSi aRmovaCi-
neT, Cveni mSobliuri xalxis erovnuli Cagvrisagan gaTavisufle-
bis problema iyo. es sakiTxi Cvens wreSi Riad rCeboda, ufro
sworad _ arc dasmula.
da, ai, Cvens mowafeebSi gaCndnen iseTebi, romelnic social-
ur problemebTan erTad, erovnuli sakiTxis Seswavlasac Tvlid-
nen saWirod.
erTimeoris daxmarebiT Cvens warsulze, Cvens literaturaze
daviwyeT qarTuli wignebis Segroveba. davixmareT mSoblebic. da-
vukavSirdiT qarTuli enis maswavlebels ioseb CimakaZesac. is
gansakuTrebulad gviyvarda imisaTvis, rom Tavis gakveTilebze,
romelic kviraSi erTxel gvqonda da isic meeqvse saaTi, yovel-
mxriv cdilobda CvenSi qarTuli literaturisa da istoriis siy-
varuli Caenerga. gadavikiTxeT zogi ram, risi Sovnac movaxerxeT,
maT Soris, xaxanaSvilis „narkvevebi qarTuli literaturis is-
toriidan“. is bibliografiul iSviaTobas warmoadgenda da mxo-
lod rusul enaze iyo dabeWdili.
am saqmianobisas Cveni nakli is iyo, rom daqsaqsulni viyaviT
da usistemod vmuSaobdiT, saWiro iyo wris organizeba, xelm-
ZRvanelis gamoZebna. am mxriv didi daxmareba gagviwia Cvenma Ta-
naklaselma gola axraxaZem, romelic klasSi gamoirCeoda ara
marto Tavisi lamazi Tval-tanadobiT, aramed mxurvale patrio-
tizmiTac. man aTiode mowafe, romelTa Soris, Cem da griSas gar-
da, Sediodnen giorgi (kukuri) xundaZe, ambrosi devdariani, pla-
ton sayvareliZe, vano xelaZe da sxvebi, erT saRamos „Zvel Tbi-
lisis“ quCaze wagviyvana, sadac xeebiT daCrdilul ezoSi erT-
sarTuliani xis mozrdili saxli idga. saxls ganieri aivani
mTel sigrZeze miuyveboda. aq golasagan gavigeT, rom Turme
mweral Teofile xuskivaZis binaze movuyvanivarT. golam isic
gvamcno, rom amieridan wris Sekrebebi aq gveqneboda xolme. wres
ki TviTon batoni Teofile gauwevda xelmZRvanelobas, rac Cven-
Tvis metad gasaxareli da Tanac saamayo iyo.
maSinRa mivxvdi, saidan hqonda Cvens Tanaklasels valiko
xuskivaZes aseTi kargi codna qarTuli literaturisa: ra aaxlo-
ebda mas am saganSi aseve kargad momzadebul Cems meore axlobel
amxanagTan kukuri xundaZesTan. kukuri Svili iyo qarTuli enis
didi specialistis, mgznebare patriotis, mwerlisa da sazogado
moRvawis silovan xundaZisa, romelic quTaisis qarTul gimnazia-
Si Cvens mSobliur enas aswavlida.

223
 qarTuli enis codnaze rom vlaparakob, nu gaikvirvebT, im
dros, e.i. revoluciamdel xanaSi, qarTul literaturas skoleb-
Si ar aswavlidnen. amis sapasuxod, misi gamZafrebuli siyvaruli
gauneleblad enTo Segnebuli da erovnulad ganwyobili axal-
gazrdebis gulebSi, ganaTlebul ojaxebSi rom izrdebodnen.
sxvebi ki, gansakuTrebiT, medrove, uwignur ojaxTa naSierni, ara
Tu siyvaruls, ubralo interessac ar amJRavnebdnen mSobliuri
enisa da literaturis mimarT. aseTebs Cven „Seugnebels“ vuwode-
bdiT da yovelmxriv vcdilobdiT „mogvenaTla“ isini, gagverkvia
erovnul sakiTxebSi. axla Zvel Jurnalebs rom gadavxedav da im
pirTa sias vecnobi, romelTac es Jurnali (vTqvaT akakis „kre-
buli“) egzavneboda xelmoweriT ama Tu im qalaqSi, gakvirvebas
var maTi simciriT. maSindeli „garusebis politika“ imdenad Zli-
eri iyo, rom patara erebi mas TiTqmis ver uZlebdnen. xolo Cven
Cveni mcdelobiT ras gavxdebodiT.
quTaisis realuri saswavleblis mowafeTa Soris yvelaze
ufro gamoirCeoda vladimer emuxvari. is Tavisi momzadebiT mas-
wavleblebsac ki ancvifrebda. yovel sakiTxSi is iyo Cveni lide-
ri, Cveni didi avtoriteti. masTan erTad iyvnen geronti qiqoZe
da dimitri uznaZe, romelnic, Tumca ufros klasebSi swavlobd-
nen, mainc axlos iyvnen CvenTan. niWier da momzadebul mowafeTa
Soris mkveTrad gamoirCeoda, agreTve, axovani, metad lamazi sa-
xis aleko TavdgiriZe, saukeTeso oratori, dinji, seriozuli,
ucvleli friadosani. politikurad momzadebulad iTvleboda da
aralegaluradac muSaobda icka riJinaSvili, romelic 1906 wlis
reaqciam imsxverpla, magram is ufrosebSi daiareboda da mowafe-
ebSi TiTqos ucxo iyo.
maspinZeli xalisiT gamogvegeba, ganier oTaxSi SegvipatiJa.
yvelani grZel magidas SemovusxediT da guliTad saubars Sevye-
viT. mxolod musaifisas gavige, rom batoni Teofile mwerlobis
garda sazogadoebriv saqmianobasac eweoda. is gansakuTrebul yu-
radRebas aqcevda axalgazrdobis sazogadoebriv-patriotuli su-
liskveTebiT aRzrdis saqmes. im saRamos da oriod Semdgom Sek-
rebaze maspinZlisagan bevri ram Tavmosawoni gavigeT Cveni warsu-
lis Sesaxeb. rac mTavaria, davrwmundiT, rom revoluciur loz-
ungebs _ xalxTa socialuri Cagvrisagan gaTavisuflebas unda
mimateboda lozungi, patara erebis erovnuli Cagvris winaaRmdeg
mimarTuli.
es im dros uTuod didi miRweva iyo, radgan revoluciur
wreebSi yuradReba mxolod klasTa brZolaze iyo gamaxvilebuli
da erovnuli sakiTxi umarTebulod iCqmaleboda, ris gamoc mTe-
li es brtyel-brtyeli laparaki yovelgvar fass da azrs kargav-
da.

valodia okujava

minda oriode sityviT mainc gavixseno Cemi Taobis yvela

quTaiseli mowafisaTvis tkbilad mosagonari valodia okujava _
didi erudiciis mqone axalgazrda, Rrmad moazrovne filosofo-

224
si, gulwrfeli revolucioneri da poeti, Tavisi sajaro gamos-
vlebiT cnobili oratori.
saSualo tanis TmaxuWuWa ymawvili, mudam Cafiqrebuli da
seriozuli, mudam wignebiT xelSi, Cveni quTaisis moswavle axal-
gazrdobis rCeuli iyo, yvela Cvengans pirze misi saxeli ekera,
yvela masze laparakobda, mis Rirsebebze.
valodia e.w. „eseri“ iyo, socialist-revolucioneri. ase
ewodeboda ruseTis erT-erT did partias, romelic miwis socia-
lizacias qadagebda da idealistur filosofias iziarebda. mag-
ram Cven amis gamo ki ar viyaviT misi Tayvanismcemlebi, aramed im-
itom, rom kargi laparaki icoda, lamazi gamosvlebi hqonda. Cven
aseve gvxiblavdnen sxva partiebis warmomadgenlebic: kolia qar-
civaZe, vladimer emuxvari da, gansakuTrebiT, anarqisti mixako
wereTeli. yvela eseni SesaniSnavi oratorebi iyvnen. ase rom, Cve-
nTvis partiul mimarTulebas ki ar hqonda gadamwyveti mniSvne-
loba, aramed oratoris pirad Rirsebebs.
didi avtoritetiT sargeblobda agreTve valiko SavguliZe,
isic didad niWieri. tomskis politeqnikuri saswavleblis stude-
nti, is mxolod filosofiur sakiTxebze gamodioda. garegnulad-
ac namdvili filosofosi iyo, maRali, mxrebSi moxrili, TmagaCe-
Cili, didi TaviT. mudam saxemoRuSuls, Tvalebi Rrmad hqonda
Camjdari. xolo yovelTvis Savperangians, maSindeli wesisamebr,
welze Zafisgan nagrexi, foCebiani qamari ertya. is imdenad iyo
gatacebuli Tavisi filosofiiT, rom gonebrivad gadaiRala da
fsiqiurad daavadebuli sul male gardacvlila kidec. Zalian
damwuxrebuli iyo misi udroo dakargvis gamo maSindeli quTai-
seli axalgazrdoba. rom dascloda, didi, TvalsaCino pirovneba
iqneboda. isic, rogorc maxsovs, eserebis idealistur filosofi-
as iziarebda.
magram davubrundeT isev valodias. is, etyoboda, Raribi oj-
axidan unda yofiliyo. ubralo Txeli palto ecva SeZvelebul
studentur „tuJurkaze“ da Sexunebuli formis qudi exura. im
dros jer kidev ar iyo Semdeg „modaSi Semosuli“ uqudod siar-
uli. amxanagebisgan mqonda gagebuli, rom valodias Zmebi kidev
ufro niWierebi ariano. gansakuTrebiT aqebdnen mis Zmas miSas,
romelic „SesaniSnavi marqsistia, niWieri da didad momzadebu-
lio “. Zmebs, Turme Sin Tu gareT, xSirad hqondaT paeqroba; ara-
erTxel sajaro paeqrobazec gamosulan erTi meoris winaaRmdeg.
magram, samwuxarod, me aseTs ar davswrebivar.
cxovrobda valodia sadRac Sors, orpiris quCis boloSi,
xonis gzis axlos, _ „gadasakargavSio“, rogorc ityodnen maSin.

griSa cxakaia

dRes Tvalcremlianma lenam Cumad gamando: _ esaa, aniko

cxakaiam damireka da metad usiamovno ambavi miTxra, parizSi gri-
Sa gardacvlilao.
tyviasaviT momxvda gulze. Tavbru damesxa. ukve karga xania
velodi griSas werils da mikvirda, rom axanebda. man ar icoda
225
werilis dagvianeba da mis miuReblobas fostis daudevrobas vab-
ralebdi. vaglax, vaglax!..
griSa cxakaia parizSi 1921 wels wavida, roca saqarTvelos
menSevikuri mTavroba bolSevikur ruseTTan orkviriani warumate-
beli brZolis Semdeg evropaSi gaixizna. ar vici, ratom wavida,
ra mizeziT. SeiZleba ifiqra, rom ori-sami Tvis Semdeg bolSevi-
kebi wavlen da mec davbrundebio. maSin xom ase araerTi fiqrob-
da. magram, ase iyo Tu ise, wavida da samSoblos gareT, parizSi,
zusti 52 weli da 2 Tve icxovra. amdenive xani aRarc me minaxavs.
griSam quTaisis gimnazia 1907 wels daamTavra. me mgonia, igi-
ve gimnazia imave wels daamTavra Salva nucubiZem, Salva saneb-
liZem, daTiko lominaZem, daTiko gaguam, mgoni, sergo daneliamac
da bevrma sxvam, romlebic gamoirCeodnen TavianTi niWierebiT da
quTaisis gimnazias saxels uxveWdnen.
CvenTan realurSi aseTebi ar yofilan. gimnazia axalgazr-
dobas mainc met zogad ganaTlebas aZlevda, aristokratul pews
matebda. gimnaziadamTavrebuli SeiZleboda pirdapir parlamentSi
gaegzavnaT xalxis namdvil warmomadgenlad, mebrZol deputatad.
aseTi iyo griSac. moskovSi is rom saTvistomos sxdomaze sit-
yviT gamovidoda, gansakuTrebiT ki polemikuri xasiaTis sityviT,
mosasmenad Rirda; rusulad, rasakvirvelia, radgan qarTulad
sityvis Tqma im dros mxolod rCeulebs SeeZloT _ grigol ro-
baqiZes, spiridon kedias, grigol laRiZes da SeiZleba kidev
oriodes. griSam brwyinvaled daamTavra iuridiuli fakulteti
da saqarTveloSi dabrunda. me da is erTad vmecadineobdiT da
erTadve vabarebdiT gamocdebs. mikvirda, ra swrafad iTvisebda
sagnebs da ra unaklod eufleboda maT. verc erTi rusi orato-
ri ver gautoldeboda mas, yovel SemTxvevaSi, ver ajobebda Tun-
dac rusuli enis codnaSi. is qarTuladac lamazad laparakobda.
me vfiqrob, es ojaxidan mosdgamda. misi Zmebi miSa da petrec me-
tad niWierebi iyvnen, magram griSa mainc sul sxva iyo. is rom ma-
Sindel saxelmwifo saTaTbiroSi moxvedriliyo, aranakleb gaiT-
qvamda saxels, vidre, vTqvaT, kaki wereTeli. Cvens studentur sa-
TvistomoSi bevri iyo kargi oratori _ Salva mesxiSvili, gior-
gi Jordania, evgeni gegeWkori, giorgi koniaSvili, kostia fanie-
vi, pavle mesxi, silovan gabunia, sergo danelia, lazare SurRa-
ia, grigol laRiZe da sxvebi, magram griSa cxakaia mainc sxva
iyo, sxva temperamentis da brZolis sxva Jinis mqone.
maxsendeba erTi anekdoturi SemTxveva: erTxel me da griSa
iuridiuli fakultetis meore auditoriaSi romeliRac saganSi
gamocdas vabarebdiT. iq TiTqmis yvela auditoria uzarmazari
iyo, amfiTeatris msgavsi. mraval studentTa Soris karga xans vi-
sxediT, vucdidiT gamoZaxebas. ucbad, profesorma mimarTa audi-
torias:
_ Gospoda studentj! Zdes> u men% po spisku +kzamenuets% odna
devuwka; davayte osvobodim ee pervjm dolgom. Vozra[eniy ne budet?
_ Net, net! _ SevZaxeT yvelam erTxmad, magram auditoriaSi es
„devuSka“ arsada Canda. profesori CasCerebia sias da ZlivZlivo-
biT arCevs: G.I.Cxa...cxa...Cxaka%.
_ Gospodin professor, +to ne devuwka, +to _ %, Grigoriy Iva-
noviq Cxaka%! _ SesZaxa griSam adgilidan. amaze studentebma
bevri icines...

226
 griSam rogorc ki daamTavra saxelmwifo gamocdebi da dip-
lomic miiRo, sul male wamovida moskovidan quTaisSi. iq mas
ori da da ori Zma eguleboda udedmamod (mSoblebi adre dakar-
ges). cxadia, maT mixedvas eSureboda; da-Zmebis iSviaTi moyva-
ruli iyo. Tu rames zedmet kapiks iSovida, quTaisSi agzavnida.
mudam maT werils eloda, maTi javri hqonda.
me da Cemi Zmebi, agreTve griSa cxakaia, daTiko gagua, vano
mWedliZe, grigol laRiZe, miSa Tuxareli, lado ramiSvili da
sxvebi, erTxel, marjaniSvilTan (nezlobinis TeatrSi) viyaviT
statistebad miwveuli da kargi fulic aviReT studentebis kval-
obaze. griSam is fuli sul quTaisSi gamougzavna Tavis da-Zmebs.
TiTqmis 8 weliwadi gvqonda me da griSas miwer-mowera par-
izsa da Tbiliss Sua. misi werilebi ganZia CemTvis sxva megob-
rebisagan miRebul werilebs Soris.

iliko qurxuli

ilikoze dawerili maqvs patara narkvevi, romelic erT mis

saRamoze wavikiTxe, mgoni, xalxuri Semoqmedebis saxlSi (maxara-
Zis q.8). ilikoze sergei iablonovskimac dawera moskovSi gamoma-
val gazeT „ruskoe slovoSi“ da engelmac („ruskie vedomosti“).
iliko Cemsobas Zalian popularuli iyo moskovSi. is pirdapir
anTebuli iyo ideiT, rac ar unda dajdomoda, ra siZneleebis ga-
dalaxvac ar unda dasWirveboda, „gasuliyo xalxSi“ da, SeZlebi-
sdagvarad, samsaxuri gaewia xalxis im fenebisaTvis, romlebic
moklebulni iyvnen musikas.
mTeli moskovi Semoiara Tavisi violinoTi da peterburgsac
ewvia; iqac imuSava, iqaurebsac gaacno Tavisi musika. bolos ki
sazRvargareTac wavida da bulgareTSi daiwyo moRvaweoba. il-
ikom iq ramdenime weli dahyo da mTelma bulgareTma gaicno.
amasobaSi maTi enac Seiswavla, wignic dawera da gamosca kidec
_ „Za Gruzi% lazurna“. roca sabolood dabrunda samSobloSi, er-
Ti egzemplari am wignisa griSas usaCuqra, Cems Zmas; griSas Zal-
ian moswonda misi bulgaruli ena da rogorc karg leqsebs, ise
kiTxulobda, tkbeboda misi musikiT. ar vici, kidev SerCa Tu ara
es wigni griSas biblioTekas.
meore msoflio omis wlebSi iliko TbilisSi imyofeboda;
xSirad modioda CemTan da moskovSi gatarebul studentur cxov-
rebas vigonebdiT. 1942 wlis zamTarSi ki, roca frontze wasuli
Cemi Svilis, givis, gmirulad daRupvis ambavi gavige da cudad
Seviqeni, iliko ar momeSva, CemTan wamodio, meubneboda, guls
gadaayolebo; imxanad kaspis raionSi midioda sofel-sofel samu-
Saod. zamTari iyo, didi Tovli ido. Tanac, giorgi xeCuaSvilsac
sTxova, CvenTvis kampania gaewia da isic wamogvyoloda. me wasvla
gadavwyvite da samive erTad gavemgzavreT. xelT gvqonda raionis
skolebisa da saTanado dawesebulebebisadmi ganaTlebis saxkom-
is miweriloba _ xeli SeewyoT Cveni kulturul-saganmanaTleb-
lo saqmianobisaTvis. im zamTarSi mTeli raioni fexiT Semovia-
reT. cnobil „kalmasobas“ mogagonebdaT Cveni is sofel-sofel
siaruli.

227
 minda gavixseno ukanaskneli dReebi im daudgromeli enTuzi-
ast-musikosisa.
TbilisSi iliko bolo xanebSi doliZis quCaze cxovrobda,
saburTaloze, Tavisi megobris svaniZis (momRerlis) binaSi. Sesa-
svleli ezodan iyo (Tumca Cven masTan ufro pekinis quCiT Sevdi-
odiT sxvisi ezos gavliT). ekava erTi patara oTaxi.
ar maxsovs, romeli weli iyo, iliko avad gaxda da gareT
veRar gadioda. mas axalgazrda rusi qali _ misi ukanaskneli
coli uvlida, romelic, Tu ar meSleba, aseve xalxSi dadioda,
mgoni, gitariT. ar vici sad, romel raionSi Sexvda ilikos,
imxanad marto rom iyo da colis „vakansia“ Tavisufali hqonda.
amitom axalgazrda, janmrTel gogoze uars xom ar ityoda! miT
ufro, rom arc im gogos dauwyia gapranWva!...
aRar maxsovs, ramden xans iyvnen erTad. avadmyof qmars rom
uvlida da gulianadac, kargad maxsovs, magram sanamde eyo moT-
mineba da ra mdgomareobaSi miatova is, aRar magondeba; es ki
vici, rom roca ilikos ukve magrad moeria avadmyofoba, im qalis
magier iq viRac daqiravebuli momvleli damxvda. ilikom Semo-
mCivla, rom valia (Tu tania) sakmaod ZviradRirebuli nivTebia-
nad cam Caylapa Tu miwam, aravin iciso. magram tyuilad ukvirda,
es xom asec unda momxdariyo! sxvagvari bolo ar ewera amnair
,,SeuRlebas”. kanonzomieri iyo es yvelaferi!
ase Tu ise, iliko seriozulad iyo avad da sayvareli adami-
anis magier viRac daqiravebuli qali uvlida. isic _ xan erTi
da xan meore.
erT dRes gazeTSi wavikiTxe, rom bulgareTidan kulturis
muSakebi _ momRerlebi Tu msaxiobebi Camosuliyvnen da qarTul
sazogadoebasTan Sexvedrisas ganucxadebiaT, rom kargad icnoben
erT qarTvels _ iliko qurxuls _ meviolines, romelic didad
popularulia bulgareTSio. survilic gamouTqvamT masTan Sexve-
drisa bulgareli xalxis saxeliT madlierebis gamosaxatavad.
man xom bulgarul enaze dawerili SesaniSnavi wigniT „Za Gruzi%
lazurna“ pirvelma gaacno Cvens xalxs saqarTvelo da misi kul-
turao.
wavikiTxe Tu ara es, _ samwuxarod, is gazeTi ar SemomrCa, _
maSinve gaviqeci ilikosTan, rom es yovelive mecnobebina da misi
bulgarelebTan Sexvedrac momewyo. magram avadmyofi kidev ufro
cudad gamxdariyo da Cemi danaxva mxolod siamovnebis RimiliT
gamoxata, laparaki TiTqmis aRar SeeZlo. me mivaxare ris saTqme-
ladac mivedi. mas Tvalebi gaubrwyinda da raRac wailaparaka,
magram, samwuxarod, veraferi gavige. es igrZno, unugeSod Cahkida
Tavi da Tvalebze cremli moadga. wuxda, albaT, rom aseT sasur-
vel stumrebTan Sexvedris Tavi aRar hqonda. Sevecade odnav
mainc gamomekeTebina misi guneba-ganwyoba. davpirdi, rom Tavad
Sevxvdebodi sasurvel stumrebs da masac vawvevdi. uTuod mogiy-
van, Cemo iliko, oRond Sen iyav kargad-meTqi.
magram vxedavdi, rom misi saaTebic ki daTvlili iyo ukve.
_ oriode dRiT mainc adre CamoeswroT im dalocvilebs, _
vifiqre gunebaSi, _ cotas mainc gaixarebda es sacodavi!...

228
 avadmyofis oTaxSi viRac qali trialebda. me miCveuli viyavi
momvlelTa xSir cvlas da yuradReba ar mimiqcevia, magram wamo-
svlisas mainc SevekiTxe, vina brZandebiT-meTqi. coli varo.
_ romeli coli?!.
gaecina. TviTonac kargad icoda, rom Cemi gakvirveba ar iyo
usafuZvlo da ganmimarta, _ avWalis quCaze rom vcxovrobdio.

gazeT ,,TbilisSi” dabeWdili erTi werilis avtoris

mezRapreoba, anu cota ram aleqsandre cimakuriZeze

13 noembers gazeT „TbilisSi“ daibeWda werili _ „didi

mxatvris cxovrebis epizodebi“, romelic upasuxismgeblod ekide-
ba mxatvar aleqsandre cimakuriZis warsuls da iseT „epizo-
debs“„igonebs“, rogoric sinamdvileSi arasdros momxdara.
mogoneba iSviaTi da metad ZviradRirebulia, Tu is namdvil-
is mogonebaa, magram Zalze miuRebelia, gayalbebuli.
avtori sruliad ar icnobs a.cimakuriZis warsuls da iseT
zRaprebs hyveba, gangacvifrebs.
jer erTi, a.cimakuriZe „moskovis samxatvro akademiis stu-
denti“ ar yofila im ubralo mizeziT, rom moskovSi samxatvro
akademia arasodes yofila da arc axlaa. iyo mxolod samxatvro
saswavlebeli, xolo am or cnebas Soris gansxvaveba arc ise um-
niSvneloa. magram es uneblie ucodinaroba vapatioT avtors. is
mere da mere ufro mets „mezRapreobs“. cimakuriZes Turme Tavisi
profesorisaTvis suraTebi uTxovia da „didi wvalebiT“ ocamde
saukeTesos TbilisSi wamoRebac mouxerxebia. mere aq „samxatvro
galereaSi“ „am suraTebis gamofena“ mouwyvia. arada, im dros
(laparakia 1907 welze) samxatvro galerea sul ar yofila Tbi-
lisSi da dRevandel samxatvro galereas Tu gulisxmobs, im Se-
nobas im dros „didebis taZari“ erqva, sadac samxedro uwyebis
Zveli naalafevi (iaraRi, almebi, droSebi da a.S.) iyo gamofeni-
li.
sinamdvileSi moskovel mxatvarTa gamofena moawyo samxatv-
ro saswavleblis studentma grigol mesxma, romelmac ara 1907
wels, aramed 1909 wlis gazafxulze Camoitana TbilisSi ara
„ocamde“, aramed 142 suraTi. imave wlis 6 maiss moawyo gamofena
ara „samxatvro galereaSi“, aramed zubalaSvilebis saxlSi, kav-
kasiel mxatvarTa sazogadoebis skolaSi, romlis direqtori im-
xanad iyo CvenSi kargad cnobili mxatvari oskar Smerlingi. mar-
Talia, a.cimakuriZe da a.araqeliani daxmarebas uwevdnen amxanags,
magram suraTebis Segrovebis, maTi Camotanis da gamofenis avto-
roba grigol mesxs ekuTvnis (ixile gazeTi „droeba“, 1909.05.01.
#95).
rac Seexeba revolucioneri cimakuriZis mokvlis ambavs, mis-
ma Zmam aleqsandrem moskovSi gaigo da iqve gamoiglova ise, rom
TbilisSi arc wamosula. Svilis mokvlisas aleqsandre cimaku-
riZis mSoblebis iqve yofnac metad saeWvoa da Tu gaviTvalis-
winebT imas, rom mTel am did werilSi simarTlis natamali araa,
unda davaskvnaT, rom esec avtoris gamogonilia.
229
 magram yvelaze ufro skandaluria, ai, es ambavi: TiTqos im
dros, roca rusTavelis prospeqtze samxatvro galereis kari
gaiRo, „xalxma dena daiwyo“, xolo quCaSi Tofi gavarda da
xalxis yvirili gaisma _ „kaci mokleso“ (a.cimakuriZis Zma, revo-
lucioneri). gamofenaze Turme „am dros Tavisi amaliT Semovida
mefisnacvali voroncov-daSkovi, daaTvaliera, moewona da ikiTxa,
vin iTava misi mowyobao. roca gaigo, rom misi organizatori
a.cimakuriZe iyo, mxleblebs SeekiTxa: _ cimakuriZe? ai is
cimakuriZe, dRes rom mokles, revolucioneri, buntisTavi? _ is
cimakuriZe am studentis Zma ariso, _ moaxsenes. _ kargad uT-
qvamT qarTvelebs: erTi xidan baric gamoiWreba da niCabico, _ am
sityvebiT mefisnacvals gamofenis darbazi dautovebia“.
mefisnacvali da galereaSi siaruli?! isic viRac studentis
mier mowyobil gamofenaze „ociode suraTiT“, miT ufro im dros,
roca gamofena is iyo gaixsna da „xalxma daiwyo dena“, xolo
quCaSi yvirili ismoda, ,,kaci mokleso“. es upasuxismgebloze upa-
suxismgeblo gancxadebaa da meti araferi. vis unaxavs, rom mefis
nacvali ase daseirnobda quCaSi? aseT dros, roca xalxi Se-
dioda galereaSi, Tavisi prestiJisaTvis ubralo pristavic ki
Seufereblad miiCnevda im xalxSi garevas... es aris absurdi da
sruli umecreba!.
rac Seexeba werilis meore nawils, aq TiTqos 1921 wlis
gazafxulze, roca a.cimakuriZe Tavis sofel qviSxeTSi venaxSi
muSaobda „ubralo glexiviT“, is viRac Tofianma kacma daapatim-
ra, waiyvana fexSvela, tanCaucmeli da revkomis Tavmjdomares
Caabara. Turme Tavmjdomarem mxatvars daavala, „leninis suraTi
ara gvaqvs da unda dagvixatoo“, es xom mTlad zRaparia da uf-
ro metic. Turme revkomSi leninis suraTi ara hqoniaT da dapa-
timrebul mxatvars ubrZaneben, „erTi sulis SeberviT“ daexata
beladi... am dros mxatvars araTu xatvisTvis saWiro masala ar
gaaCnda, perangic ar ecva, ise wamoaCiqCiqes soflidan.
werilis avtors amis gamogoneba imisTvis dasWirda, rom da-
gvarwmunos, rogor zrunavda revkomi leninis portretis mopove-
baze... es albaT komediis Temaa.
„vcdi, _ gaifiqra aleqsandrem, _ Tumca portretul ferwe-
raSi gawafuli ara var da arc ufunjod mimuSavia adre. gaakra
tilo, bamba TiTze daixvia, xatvas Seudga... (mere rogor ggoniaT?
_ zepirad, udednod, mere rodis? 1921 wels, gana dRes, roca le-
ninis saxe asea CabeWdili yoveli sabWoTa adamianis mexsierebaSi!
maSinac ase iyo?) magram mxatvarma utyuari intuiciis wyalobiT
didi beladis suraTi male daamTavra ise, rom revkomis Tavm-
jdomarem „aRtaceba ver damala“.
ai, ase, unaturod, TiTze gadaxveuli bambiT, revkomis mTeli
Statis Tvalwin iqmneba portreti im mxatvris mier, romelic nam-
dvilad ar iyo gawafuli portetul ferweraSi.
„ase Seiqmna leninis erT-erTi pirveli suraTi saqarTvelo-
Si“, _ dasZens avtori, metad kmayofili imiT, rom kvleviTi saki-
Txic gadaWra da leninis portretis Seqmnis pirvelobac saqar-
TveloSi xaSuris revkomis Tavmjdomaris brZanebiT dapatimre-
bul mxatvars miakuTvna.
sircxvilo, sad aris Seni siwiTle?!.

230
 grigol mesxis damokidebuleba uCa jafariZis
naxatebisadmi

dRes ukve namdvili gazafxulis dRea da institutidan gri-

gol mesxs Tavis saxelosnoSi (l.kavsaZis quCaze) gamovuare. vis-
xediT, vilaparakeT. mere SevediT roman davlianiZis saxelosno-
Si (moqandakea); pirdapir davtkbi misi xelovnebiT, gansakuTrebiT
iakob gogebaSvilis biusti momewona. magram raa mere? moqandake-
ebi „SimSiloben“, aRaraviTari dakveTa an rame samuSao. griSam
Zalian aqo uCas nawarmoebi „mSobliur midamoebSi“ (dedis didi
portreti), _ iSviaTi naxelovnebia. wavideT vnaxoT, galereaSi
akademikosebis gamofenaa da uCas suraTic iqaao. wavediT. gale-
reaSi bevri mnaxveli iyo, ufro _ mxatvrebi. griSa yvelas esal-
meboda da esaubreboda, me ki suraTebs vaTvalierebdi. kargi
gamofena iyo, an ra gasakviria, _ aq xom mxolod akademikosebi
iyvnen warmodgenili.
vnaxeT uCas kuTxec. misi ramdenime namuSevaria: „deda“, „tyup-
ebi“, ,,akademikosi korneli kekeliZe” (portreti) da sxva.
griSa didxans idga dedis portretis win. sxvebic bevrni
iyvnen, bWobdnen. aqebdnen. ianqoSvilma (mxatvarma qalma, lado
avalianis meuRlem) karga xans ilaparaka am suraTis Rirsebebze.
mere momibrunda da miTxra, _ mxolod TqvenTan vlaparakob amas.
ra Sedarebaa aq gamofenil sxva suraTebTan, uCa mTeli TaviT
maRla dgas yvela aq warmodgenil akademikoszeo. am namuSevars
Zalian aqedebdnen agreTve lado grigolia da misi meuRle. ai, aq
ufro gamoCnda uCas namdvili siZliere, roca sxva mxatvrebTan
erTadaa gamofenili, misi erovnuli elferi, misi poeturoba...
bevri sxvac miTxres qaTinauri, aRar damamaxsovrda. vladimer wi-
losanic iq iyo, axalgazrda mxatvrebic... magram yvelaze aRfr-
Tovanebuli mainc griSa mesxi iyo. is pirdapir ar Sordeboda am
suraTs. mere, rogorc iqna, movacile, sxvaganac vnaxoT-meTqi. _
ra unda naxo aseTio, _ mipasuxa, _ me pirdapir vtkbebi am suraT-
iT, siamovnebis cremlebs ver vikaveb, xom xedavo. da, marTlac,
cremlebs iSrobda Tvalebze cxvirsaxociT. mTeli gamofena dava-
TvaliereT. karga xans davrCiT galereaSi. wamosvlis win griSa
erTxel kidev mivida im suraTTan, _ me TiTqos imasve vgrZnob,
rasac Rrmad morwmune RvTismSoblis xatis win, gauTaveblad min-
da vidge da vilocoo.

rafiel erisTavis qoneba

guSin Cvens poliklinikaSi viyavi. iq bevri nacnobi mxvdeba.

magram SeiZleba didi xnis unaxaobiT daviwyebul axlobelsac

231
gadaawyde, Tavs rom gagaxsenebs, Sen ki Seicxadeb, _ es ra
momsvlia, Seni Tavi ram damaviwyao.
im dResac ase moxda. uceb Tvali movkari TmaTeTr sandomian
mandilosans. mecnaura, magram ver gavixsene da gverdi moridebiT
avuare.
ramdenime wuTis Semdeg TerapevtTan unda Sevsuliyav da
vidre eqimi CemTvis moiclida, misi kabinetis win mosacdelad
davjeqi. kari rom gaiRo, is mandilosani davinaxe, eqimTan ijda.
mec SemamCnies kabinetidan da mTxoves, Sevsuliyavi.
_ batono vladimer, Tqven ver cnobT am qalbatons? _ mkiTxa
eqimma merim. maSin ki vifiqre, namdvilad Sevmcdarvar da nacnobi
veRar micvnia-meTqi; bodiSi movixade mandilosanTan da aRar
maxsovs-meTqi, vupasuxe.
_ eh, Cemo batono, ra gasakviria, rom veRar micnoT, ramdeni
xania aRar SevxvedrivarT. Cven ki kargad vicnobdiT erTmaneTs.
gaxsovT, Tamar WavWavaZe da mania erisTavi, usinaTloTa skolis
axalgazrda maswavleblebi?... eh, unda genaxaT erTad es ori Zma
axalgazrdobaSi, _ miubrunda mandilosani eqims, _ amaT Sexedvas
araferi sjobda. Tanac erTnairebi, ver gaarCevdiT, romeli gr-
iSa iyo da romeli _ lado. vin ar icnobda amaT, am or Zmas?!.
karga xans visaubreT, gavixseneT Zveli Sexvedrebi, Tamari
(WavWavaZe), viqtori (anjafariZe) da sxvani.
daaxloebiT ocian wlebSi Cemma kargma megobarma viqtor an-
jafariZem gamacno Tavisi axalgazrda megobrebi, usinaTloTa sk-
olis maswavleblebi Tamar WavWavaZe (SemdegSi cnobili msaxio-
bi), mania erisTavi, rafiel erisTavis, Cveni sasiqadulo mwerlis,
qaliSvili. Cven araerTxel vyofilvarT maTTan skolaSi da Sem-
degSic araerTxel SevxvedrivarT erTmaneTs. magram dro midis
da vberdebiT. Tamar WavWavaZe ukve aRar aris, aRarc viqtor anj-
afariZe, SesaniSnavi jentlmeni, uaRresad zrdili adamiani. mec
wlebma miwia da gamovicvale.
visaubreT. sxvaTa Soris, qalbatonma maniam gaixsena Zveli
ambebi da sinanuli gamoTqva, rom mamis mravali kargi nivTidan
veraferi gadaarCina muzeumisaTvis Casabareblad. es ambavi imas-
Tan dakavSirebiT gaixsena, rom wina dRiT televizorSi enaxa
zugdidis muzeumi.
_ ramdenad ufro siZvelis pativismcemeli xalxia samegrel-
oSi, ufro Segnebuli, vidre Cven, kaxelebi. aseTi mSvenieri da
mdidari muzeumi hqoniaT da inaxaven kidec mowiwebiT, _ Tqva man,
_ Cven ki, miuxedavad imisa, rom mama-papaTagan datovebuli imdeni
simdidre gvebada sofelSi, marto im nivTebisagan gaivseboda er-
Ti muzeumi, veraferi gamoviyeneT samuzeumod da yvelaferi ase
ukvalod gaibna. marto is rad Rirda, rac qarTulma sazogado-
ebam mamaCems iubileze miarTva. sxvas rom Tavi davaneboT, Tun-
dac dakrZalvaze, sxvadasxva zomis, sxvadasxva saxis, mxatvru-
lad gaformebuli ocdaaTi marto vercxlis gvirgvini iyo, Tbi-
liseli durglebis mier specialurad misi iubilisaTvis gakeTe-
buli saweri magida, saucxood morTuli da mokazmuli; bukinis-
tebis morTmeuli Zveli wignebi; nair-nairi, xeliT nakeTebi niv-
Tebi. ra vici, ra ar gvqonda. revoluciis dReebSi soflidan
gamoviqeciT da mivatoveT yvelaferi, raRa dros nivTebze fiqri

232
iyo... dasavleTSi ki aseTi ambebi ar yofila, arc araferi
gabneula da dakargula.
didi dananebiT igonebda yvelafer amas qalbatoni mania da
wuxda, rom mamamisis _ rafiel erisTavis qonebidan aRaraferi
darCa samuzeumod. marTla dasanania, radgan iubilar poets bev-
ri ram miarTves saCuqrad. ai, Tundac sagangebod gakeTebuli saw-
eri magida!.. sad wavida? es xom patara rame nivTi ar iyo, rom da-
karguliyo? an Tundac 30 vercxlis gvirgvini! es mTeli kapita-
lia. rogor gaibna ase SeumCnevlad?.. afsus!..

gulbaT _ qarTuli legenda

gazeT „axalgazrda komunistis“ 1955 wlis 11 agvistos nomer-

Si wavikiTxe solomon caiSvilis werili gulbaTis Sesaxeb da
Zalian damainteresa, radgan gulbaTs me da griSa kargad vicnob-
diT.
is iyo ilia batoniSvilis (giorgi XII-s vaJis) qaliSvili
olRa gruzinskaia (uganaTlebulesi Tavadi _ svetleywa% kn%gi-
n%). igi im wels (1906), roca me da griSa pirvelad CavediT mos-
kovSi, gadmosaxlebuliyo peterburgidan da cxovrobda kerZo sa-
xlSi kudrinis moedanTan „bolSaia gruzinskaia“-s quCis dasaw-
yisSi. maSin ukve samoci wlis qali iyo, magram axla rom maxsen-
deba, ufro xnierad gamoiyureboda. me da griSa davdiodiT xol-
me masTan, yovel aRdgomas masTan viyaviT. yvelas gvirigebda Ti-
To wiTel kvercxs, gvilocavda aRdgomas da gvkocnida. Cven xel-
ze veamborebodiT xolme. ufrosebidan am dros masTan stumrob-
dnen aleqsandre xaxanaSvili, ivane TulaSvili, jibilo lorT-
qifaniZe, andro xorava, polkovniki gerasime qavTaraZe da sxvebi ;
studentebidan _ me, griSa, aleqsandre kvitaSvili, giorgi da Te-
do Jordaniebi, vano mWedliZe, griSa cxakaia, daviT gagua, miSa
Tuxareli, Salva qarumiZe. gulbaTma yvelas dagviriga Tavisi wi-
gnebi „gruzinskie legendi“ da gviyveboda xolme Tavisi bavSvo-
bis drois STabeWdilebebs saqarTveloze; bavSvobis mere is sam-
SobloSi aRar yofila, ar aZlevdnen uflebas. axsovda mas yurT-
majebiani qulajebi, qaTibebi. _ eh, me vici, axla aRar atareben
im tansacmels, da imitomac aRar minda iq wasvla, kidec rom
momcen uflebao. _ naRvlianad ityoda xolme, _ aba, raRa qarTve-
lia is, visac aseTi, yvelasaTvis mosabezrebeli evropuli kos-
tumi acviao. saxelebs ar gveZaxda, SeiZleba, ver imaxsovrebda da
yvelas mogvmarTavda „suliko“-Ti. qarTuli ar icoda, erTi-ori
sityva Tu axsovda bavSvobidan. garegnulad Zalian lamazi eTq-
moda, qalis pirobaze cxviri odnav mozrdili hqonda, bagratio-
nebiseuli. SesaniSnavad laparakobda frangulad da evropis sxva
enebic icoda. bavSvobaSi is peterburgSi cxovrobda, freilinad
yofiliyo sasaxleSi da 1906 wels, ar vici ris gamo, gadmosax-
lebula moskovSi.
ilia bagrations (gruzinskis) hyolia sul 12 Svili _ 8 qa-
li da 4 vaJi, romelTaganac olRa yvelaze umcrosi yofila. igi
gardaicvala moskovSi 1913 wlis ivnisSi.
olRas, ramdenadac vici, zvenigorodis mazraSi hqonda didi
mamuli, romlis mmarTvelad, Cvensobas, hyavda jibilo lorTqi-
233
faniZe. jibilo „kniaJna olgas“ mouravi iyo da ufro zvenigoro-
dis mazraSi cxovrobda, „kniaJnas“ sofelSi. erT zafxuls im so-
felSi ardadegebze sandro kvitaSvili stumrobda da Zalian kma-
yofili iyo, yvelaferi mzamzareuli mosdioda, fuli saWmel-sas-
melSi ar exarjeboda. me da griSas gvexveweboda, wamodiT Tqven-
co, ar mogawyenT, karg dros gagatarebinebTo; magram Cven iq ki
ara, Cveni mSobliuri soflis siyvaruliT sazRvargareT eqskur-
siebze ar wavsulvarT da iq rogor wavidodiT.
solomon caiSvili ki wers, rom olRas Tavis mouravad ar-
tileriis polkovniki ivane TulaSvili hyavdao, magram raRac me-
eWveba. jibilo rom iyo mouravi, es danamdvilebiT vici, magram,
Tu ivane TulaSvilic misi mouravi iyo, es me ar gamigia. vfiq-
rob, solomons ar moawodes, albaT, swori informacia. an ratom
unda yofiliyo vinmes mouravi, roca uimisodac kargi Tanamdebo-
ba eWira. polkovniki iyo da aleqsandres saxelobis samxedro
saswavlebelSi kiTxulobda leqciebs Vozdvi[enka-ze. aseT piro-
bebSi ramdenad SeZlebda is meore samsaxuris tvirTis zidvas, ar
vici.
rac Seexeba imas, rom olRas sikvdilis Semdeg misi litera-
turuli da sxva memkvidreoba ivane TulaSvilis xelSi gadasu-
liyo, es ki advili SesaZlebelia da uTuod damajerebelic, rad-
gan TulaSvili Zalian axlos iyo olRasTan, _ SeiZleba iTqvas,
erTaderTi patroni moxucisa. amis Semdeg aba sxva vin unda gamo-
sCenoda mas meurved da, isic, 1913 wels? magram me solomonis am
mSvenieri werilis im nawils ar veTanxmebi, sadac wers, rom
TiTqos „pirveli msoflio omis Semdeg TulaSvili horizontze
ar gamoCeniliyo...“ TulaSvils kargad vicnobdi da moskovSi mis
ojaxSic araerTxel vyofilvar _ vozdviJenkaze. msoflio omis
Semdeg is karga xans TbilisSi cxovrobda, vfiqrob, axlandel
galaktion tabiZis quCaze. xSirad vxvdebodi da yovelTvis tkbi-
lad vigonebdiT moskovsa da iqaur yofas. samwuxarod, olRas
Sesaxeb mas araferi uTqvams, arc mis literaturul Tu sxva mem-
kvidreobaze. vano rodis gardaicvala, ar vici, magram misi vaJi
ki (ori qali da erTi vaJi hyavda) axlac mxvdeba xolme. is rome-
liRac redaqciis fotokorespondenti unda iyos.
olRas megobrobda cnobili qarTveli moRvawe polkovniki
boris esaZe (simonis Zma), romelmac gamosca sqeltaniani wigni „K
300-letih Romanovjx“.

simon jafariZe (sofeli xirxonisi)

simonTan yovelTvis didi stumrianoba icodnen. vin ar ijda

mis sufrasTan da isic yoveldRe! ustumrod am ojaxSi puris Wa-
mac ugemuri iyo. ori Tone hqondaT da oriveSi yoveldRe puri
cxveboda _ mere ra puri! axlac maxsovs misi aromati, gemo da
garegnuli silazaTec. gansakuTrebiT did wveulebas ixdida sxi-
erobas, soflis dReobaze. orasi, samasi kaci da qali mainc ijda
sufrasTan SigniT da gareT, e.i. ezoSi, kaklebqveS, iyo erTi
cekva, TamaSi, simRera, Rreoba.
234
 simoni TviTon sufrasTan ar jdeboda xolme. is nelinel
daseirnobda aivanze Tu ezoSi da xandaxan Tu Semoixedavda did
darbazSi. erTxel gaxurebuli simReris dros dinjad Semoabija.
zafxuli iyo da msubuqad ecva. axaluxis sayelo gaxsnili
hqonda, xolo Coxa _ Seukravi, misi marjvena kalTa marcxena mxa-
rze gadaegdo da saxeze sasiamovno Rimili dasTamaSebda. karga
xans ugdo yuri simReras. mere, roca Sewyda, momRerlebs miub-
runda:
_ romeli iyo, maRal bans rom ambobda, axalgazrdebo?
_ me, batono simon, _ wamoxta Tavmomwoned n. g.
_ Segircxva Tavi, gaafuWe mSvenieri simRera!

uCa jafariZis naambobi

_ amomiRo suli margaritam. meubneba, _ kaco, sul taqsiT

ras dadixar, geyofa, rogorc yvela axla troleibusSic Cajeqi.
mTeli Seni xelfasi im taqsebs undeba.
_ ho, kargi, _ vifiqre, _ Cavjdebi mec troleibusSi, didi
xania aRar vmjdarvar. Cems warsuls gavixseneb.
marTlac, meore diliT samsaxurSi mimavalma, pirdapir tro-
leibusis gaCerebas mivaSure da, rogorc ki samxatvro akademi-
isaken mimavali nomeri Camodga, avedi. xalxi blomad iyo da didi
nawili fexze idga. Zlivs movaxerxe jibeSi xelis Cayofa safu-
lis amosaRebad da konduqtors fuli mivawode. mgzavrebi yovel
gaCerebaze Cadiodnen da amodiodnen. rogorc iqna, mivaRwie Cems
gaCerebas da Zlivs, vai-vaglaxiT gadmovedi troleibusidan, Ta-
visuflad amovisunTqe.
_ RmerTma daswyevlos aseTi gaWirvebuli mgzavroba, _ vifi-
qre gunebaSi. _ marTalia, raRac kapikebi damijda, magram, samagi-
erod, rogor gavwvaldi, axla aqedan samsaxuramdec xom fexiT
unda viaro. Rirda ki wvalebad aseTi „momWirneoba“?
am „msjelobaSi“ rom var, ratomRac meqanikurad xeli pal-
tos jibeSi Cavyavi... xelSi raRac momxvda...
_ es ra aris?! _ gavifiqre gunebaSi, _ me iq araferi Camid-
via... saidan?...
amoviRe, davxede da... es xom Cemi safulea?! pijakis jibeSi
medo! aq ra jandabam gadmoitana!? me TviTon Cavde da aRar maxs-
ovs? isev pijakis jibeSi davapire Cadeba... magram jer ratomRac
gavxseni da...
_biWos!... es ra ambavia? safuleSi groSi-kapiki aRar aris! sa-
idan da rogor? aq xom ori ocdaxuTiani medo da ramdenime
Tumnianic!... vifiqre... vifiqre da mereRa gamaxsenda, rom trolei-
busSi viRac axalgazrdebi trialebdnen Cem garSemo, _ amouRiaT
pijakis jibidan. _ rogor? ra saswauliT?!. _ da mere carieli
Cemi paltos jibeSi CaubrunebiaT?!
jibgirebis aseTma maRalma profesiulma xelovnebam (ostat-
obam) pirdapir gamaoca... ai, yoCaR!...
ase gavakeTe „ekonomia“, romelmac ukanaskneli 80 Tu 90
maneTi mazarala.
235
 mcire Canawerebi

mogonebebi! magram ara marto is, rac piradad maxsovs, aram-

ed isic, rac Cveni ojaxis Soreul warsulze babua nestorisagan
bavSvobaSi gamigonia. babuaCemi didi moyvaruli iyo gardasulisa
da xSirad icoda masze laparaki xan siamayiT, xan naRvlianad.
Cveni winaprebidan arc im pirTa augad moxseniebas erideboda,
romlebmac Tavisi ugunurebiT xeli Seuwyves (uneburad, rasakvi-
rvelia) Cveni ojaxis qonebrivad dakninebas. am mxriv babua yvela-
ze cudad Tavis uaxloes winapars „patara jafaras“ ixsenebda _
mis babuas Tu papas, aRar maxsovs. „papas“ Cveni, raWuli gagebiT
vxmarob. papa aq babuis mamaa. patara jafara, gansxvavebiT didi
jafarasagan, romelic am „pataras“ babua iyo Tu papa, uxasiaTo
yofila. „paplavaqi“ (ampartavani) iyoo, _ ambobda babuaCemi, e.i.
„yoyoCa“, „cxviraweuli“. Turme aravis arafrad agdebda. mas Ta-
visi da imereli kurcxaliasaTvis miuTxovebia da mziTvad mamul-
ebi miucia. es Zalian dastyobia Cvens ojaxs, Tanac, im mamuleb-
Tan siZes sxvac miuyolebia da amitom moyvrebs Soris dava da
gauTavebeli saCivrebi Camovardnila. ise, kurcxalias gvars mainc
siamovnebiT vigoneb, radgan masSi sadRac Cemi winapris sisxli
meguleba.
garda im jafarasi, babua ukmayofilo iyo agreTve erTi rom-
eliRac winaprisa, romelsac erT dRes (is, rogorc didi Tavadi,
imereTis mefis samsaxurSi, mgoni, zemo raWis mouravi iyo) moax-
senes, rom quTaisidan mefis mgaloblebi gveaxlnen da Tqvens Se-
gebebas da mopatiJebas eliano.
_ ra dros maTi Segebebaa da stumrad mopatiJebao, _ mkvaxed
miuxlia mosulisaTvis, _ me iseTi gaWirveba madgas, rom magaT-
Tvis ara mcxelao. Tavads Turme coli hyoloda mosalogineb-
lad mwoliare da am gaWirvebis gamo mTeli ojaxi fexze idga.
ganawyenebuli mgaloblebi gatrialebulan da sofel lagvanTi-
saken wasulan, sadac swvevian iqaur aznaurs jafariZes _ vaxtan-
giSvils _ da mTeli kvira masTan moulxeniaT. quTaisSi dabrune-
bulebs ki mefisTvis mouxsenebiaT Tavad jafariZe-jafaraSvilis
saqcielis Sesaxeb da „magradac“ mouxseniebiaT, rogorc mefis
warmomadgenelTa arafrad Camgdebi da „mironcxebulis“ „orgu-
li“. mefe didad ganrisxebula jafaraSvilis aseT ampartavno-
baze, misi wargzavnilebisadmi aseT uyuradRebobaze da saTanado
mkacri zomebic miuRia: CamourTmevia misTvis TavadiSviloba (al-
baT Tanamdebobac) da is lagvanTeli jafariZisaTvis (vaxtangi-
Svilis Stodan) miuniWebia.
Cveni gvaris Tu ojaxis warsulis am epizods babua nestori
didi gulistkiviliT ixsenebda. ambobda: uRirsi adamianis cudi
da Seuferebeli nabijis gamo Cvenma ojaxma dakarga iseTi didi
pativi, rogoric iyo zemo raWis mouravoba da Tanac TavadiSvi-
lobao. magram jafaraSvilebi _ e.i. jafar jafariZis STamoma-

236
vloba _ mainc TavadiSvilebad iTvlebodnen. bavSvobaSi gamigo-
nia esao, _ Rarveli jafariZea anu „didi jafariZeebidanaao“.
SemdegSi es tituli nel-nela uferuldeboda Tu xelidan
gvecleboda. Tumca babua nestori Tavadad iTvleboda, ufro _
iwereboda. ase iyo mamaCemis sabuTebSic, romlebic daculia Tbi-
lisis samaswavleblo institutis (Zakavkazskiy Uqitel>skiy Ins-
titut) fondSi, centralur arqivSi. me TviTon wamikiTxavs mamaze
,,iz kn%zey“, magram mamas es tituli aRarafrad miaCnda da arc
axsenebda mas.
akademikosi giuldenStedtic moixseniebs Cvens gvars raWis
warCinebul gvarebSi. raWis erisTavio, _ ambobs is, _ wulukiZe,
jafariZe, iaSvilio; Semdeg ki aznaurTa gvarebze gadadis.

@@* * *

Cveni gvaris warmomavlobaze verafers vityvi. is Soreuli

warsulidan unda momdinareobdes. babua nestori gvetyoda xol-
me, rom Cveni winapari oseTidan gadmosula odesRaco. SeiZleba.
es ki cxadia, rom jafariZeebis fuZe zemo raWaa, svaneTis mijna.
svaneTidan _ svani jafariZeebidan _ aqvT maT dasabami, Tu piri-
qiT, iqauri jafariZeebi arian raWidan wasuli, Zneli saTqmelia.
es kia, rom Ze-Ti daboloebuli gvarebi svaneTSi araa da, Tu ar-
is, unda vifiqroT, ufro gviandelia. Tumca jafariZeebs svaneT-
Si, rogorc vici, jafranebs eZaxian. Tu es asea da isini ufro
jafranebi arian, vidre jafariZeebi, maSin is namdvilad svanuri
gvari yofila dasabamidanve. yovel SemTxvevaSi, misi garkveva is-
toriuli monacemebis uqonlobis gamo CemTvis SeuZlebelia. an
ra saWiroa?!. ise ki, istoriidan cnobilia didi brZola raWis
Tavad jafariZisa da svanebs Soris, romelic kargadaa gaSuqebu-
li egnate gablianis „Tavisufal svaneTSi“ da profesor barda-
veliZis wignSi.
brZolis Sedegad jafariZes darCenia svaneTis didi nawili,
romelic amJamad „mTis raWad“ iwodeba da soflebis Rebis, Wior-
asa da glolisagan Sedgeba. es soflebi rom namdvilad svanebis
sacxovrisi iyo, amas iq uamravi svanuri koSkis arseboba adastu-
rebda. koSkebi dRes ukve TiTqmis mTlianadaa aRebuli. xolo me-
re, es soflebi rom jafariZeebis kuTvnileba iyo, amis sabuTebi
moipoveba, _ Tundac rostom erisTavisadmi jafar jafariZis
minaweri (leqsad) *, _ Rebi da Wiora wamarTvio; rostoms jafari-
saTvis _ albaT Ralatis gamo _ Tvalebi dauTxria. amnairad, Cve-
ni gvari zemo raWidanaa.
sxvaTa Soris, amJamad es gvari Zalian momravlebulia, amit-
om gasarCevad damatebiT gvarebs iSvelieben. magaliTad _ mera-
biSvilebi, nasyidaSvilebi, elizbaraSvilebi, gelaSvilebi, lom-
kaciSvilebi, kunkuliSvilebi, vaxtangiSvilebi da kidev mravali
sxva. Cveni ojaxi cnobilia _ rogorc jafariSvilebi, radgan Zve-
lad Cvens StoSi miRebuli yofila bavSvisaTvis jafaris darqme-
va, ori Taobis Semdeg mainc.

*
akakis “krebuli” 1899w. #7
237
 rostom erisTavis droindeli jafar jafariZe, rogorc ba-
buasagan gamigonia, Turme Rarulas piras cxovrobda, sadac Sem-
deg Cveni didi yana da baRCa iyo. uzarmazari kaklis xe ki, rome-
lic „kolmeurneobam“ 30-ian wlebSi moWra, mis ezos amSvenebda.
saxl-kari gaSlil vakeze hqonda: oda (sastumro), sajalabo, same-
urneo Senobebi, sajiniboebi da mravali sxv. es nagebobebi did
sivrceze koxta qalaqiviT iyo Turme gadaWimuli. Tanac, iqve
hqondaT karis eklesia da cixe.
onis cixe romeliRac jafariZes auSenebia. me maqvs fragmen-
ti Jurnalisa ({urnal Ministerstva Vnutrennjx Del“. 1840 g.
q.XXXVIII) „Obozrenie drevnix zdaniy v Zakavkazskom Krae“, sadac
sxvaTa Soris weria: „V mesteqke Oni _ krepost> postroenna% tava-
dom D[aparoy D[aparidzevjm v XV stoletii. Posredi sey kreposti
naxodits% razvalivwa%s% cerkov>...“ TvaldaTxrili jafar jafari-
Ze am cixezedac swers rostoms: „onisa cixe wamarTvi da zed pa-
tara qalaqi...“
me maxsovs Zveli cixis nangrevebi Cvens yanaSi, e.i. Cveni wina-
prebis namosaxlarze, agreTve patara eklesiis „sajvares“ nangre-
vebi, 1890-ian wlebSi babuam yanis gawmendis mizniT rom aiRo. mas
ukve sxvagan hqonda samosaxlo.
Zveli Tvaluwvdeneli Tavaduri mamulebidan babuaCemis
dros ukve aRaraferi iyo. babuaCemi _ erTaderTi vaJiRa darCeno-
da mis mSoblebs, mamulebidan TiTqmis aRaraferi miuRia da Ra-
ribad cxovrobda. ori da hyolia; orive sofel somiwoSi iyo
gaTxovili. erTi maTgani, evgeni CikvilaZis bebia, kargad maxsovs,
babudas veZaxdiT. meore da sandro CikvilaZis bebia iyo.
babuas gvian, 1858 wels, SeurTavs coli. dabadebuli iyo 1828
wels (lev tolstois kbila yofila da gardaicvala 1911 wels,
lev tolstois gardacvalebidan erTi wlis Semdeg). bebia marTa
ki, iaSvilis qali somiwodan, gaTxovebisas 18 wlis yofila. max-
sovs misi ufrosi Zma sofromi, napoleon iaSvilis mama, is xSi-
rad dadioda xolme Cvensas.
bebia da babua Raribad cxovrobdnen, aRarc mamulebi Semor-
CenodaT da aRarc Zveli didebis raime naSTi. yvelaferi gamqra-
liyo, ar vici, ra gziT: gaiyida Tu daingra, araferi maxsovs ba-
buas naTqvamidan. es ki vici, imdenad Raribad cxovrobdnen, Tur-
me, rom, roca gaRma Rars, ordiniZeebSi, misi erT-erTi naymevi uS-
vilod gadaego da amitom misi avladideba, saxl-kari, mamuli da
qoneba, kanonis safuZvelze mas darCa, rogorc mis batons, babua
Tavisi ojaxiT mis danatovar saxlSi gadasula. mamaCemi da misi
da-Zmani (vano, zenopia, apoloni, maSa), amnairad, glexur saxl-
karSi gaizardnen. miuxedavad amisa, yvela maSindeli sabuTi babu-
aCems Tavads uwodebs.
Cveni Stos garda, jafariZeebSi Tavadebad mxolod onWeveli
jafariZeebi (kunkuliSvilebi) da agreTve lagvanTeli vaxtangiS-
vilebi iwodebodnen, _ me vambob rusuli mmarTvelobis SemoReba-
mde. danarCeni jafariZeebi aznaurebad moixseniebodnen. Zalian
mikvirs, velTeTeli jafariZeebi (igive lomkaciSvilebi) rad ar
miiCneodnen TavadiSvilebad, radgan maTi winapari lomkac jafa-
riZe imereTis mefis solomonis elCi iyo ruseTSi.
babuaCems Wkua uxmaria da Tavisi vaJebisaTvis ganaTlebis mi-
cema ufiqria. isini onis samazro orklasiani dawyebiTi saswav-

238
leblis Semdeg TbilisSi wauyvania; jer ufrosi vano, romelsac
samaswavleblo institutTan arsebuli samoqalaqo saswavlebeli
daumTavrebia da mere _ TviT institutic; mis Semdeg ukve mamaCe-
misTvis da bolos apolonisTvisac uzrunia. mamaCems samaswavleb-
lo instituti (Zakavkazskiy Aleksandrovskiy uqitel>skiy insti-
tut) 1881 wels 19 wlis asakSi (daibada 1862 wels) daumTavrebia
da imave wels dauqorwinebiaT mSoblebs. ufrosi Zma vano insti-
tutis damTavrebisTanave gardacvlila, amitom ufro SeSinebul
mSoblebs mamaCemis daqorwineba dauCqarebiaT.
da am qveyanas Cven movevlineT.

kuriozebi
me da Cemi Zma griSa

me da griSa davbadebulvarT raWaSi 1887 wlis 14 maiss. me

masze daaxloebiT naxevari saaTiT gvian davbadebulvar da taniT
ufro didi vyofilvar. amitom Cvens mSoblebs is SecodebiaT da,
roca dedas dasaxmareblad ZiZa mouyvaniaT, me Turme ZiZis ZuZus
mawovebdnen; griSas ki, rogorc ufro susts, deda awovebda.
sabolood, ratomRac, mainc griSaze ufro janmrTeli da Zlieri
gavizarde.
griSas wignebis kiTxva uyvarda. kiTxva ise itacebda, rom ga-
kveTilebis momzadebac aviwydeboda; ufro ki ezareboda, radgan
wignis moSoreba emZimeboda. gansakuTrebiT ar uyvarda maTemati-
kuri sagnebi. me ufro bejiTad vekidebodi saswavlo programas
da, Tumca gulze arc me mexateboda maTematika, swavliT mainc
vswavlobdi. Cveni sayvareli sagnebi iyo rusuli literatura,
istoria, geografia da, gansakuTrebiT, xatva; qarTuli litera-
tura xom _ TavisTavad. griSas werac Zalian uyvarda: roca raime
Temas mogvcemdnen, rusulSi iqneboda es Tu qarTulSi, misi ,,aR-
dgoma“ is iyo, Seudgeboda weras da dawerda, marTlac, lamazad
da Sinaarsianadac. ufro stilis silamaziT gamoirCeoda. Semdeg-
Si griSam leqsebis werac daiwyo, romelic mravlada aqvs dabeW-
dili ,,impresionistul” JurnalebSi ,,cisfer yanwebSi“, ,,niamo-
rebSi“ da sxva. leqsebs rusuladac werda. mec vwerdi, magram am
saqmeSi mas ver Sevedrebodi. moskovSi rom viyaviT, is xSirad
gzavnida werilebs Tbilisis rusul gazeT ,,Zakavkaz>e“-Si da
zogjer marTla kvleviTi xasiaTis did werilebsac, risTvisac
xSirad ijda xolme e.w. „rumiancevis“, axla „sajaro“ biblioTe-
kaSi. literaturis siyvaruliT is filologiis fakultetze moe-
wyo, risTvisac ar moerida damatebiTi berZnuli enis Cabarebas.
mTeli weliwadi moandoma am enis dauflebas da daeufla kidec.
gamocda moskovis „saswavlo olqSi“ brwyinvaled Caabara; bejiT-
ad swavlobda, pirdapir Rameebs aTenebda.
me ki ufro Tanmimdevruli viyavi rogorc sagnebis swavlaSi,
ise gareSe wignebis kiTxvaSi. roca gamocdebi mqonda, mxolod
saxelmZRvaneloebi maxsovda, gareSe wignebsac gadavdebdi, weras-
ac, xatvasac da nacnob qaliSvilebTan stumrobasac.
griSa qaliSvilebTan wasvlas arafriT ar gadadebda. erT-
xel gamocdaze wavida da Sin dabruneba daagviana. Sevwuxdi, vi-
239
fiqre, an CaiWra, an rame daemarTa-meTqi. Turme viRac gogona ga-
ucvnia universitetSi mimavals, moswonebia da TiTqmis mTeli
dRe masTan JRurtulSi gautarebia, gamocda ki sruliad daviwy-
nia, „gadaudvia“ sxva droisTvis.
me ki berZnulis gamo filologiur fakultetze Sesvlas Ta-
vi davanebe da iuridiul fakultetze Cavewere. ase rom, me ufro
angariSiani viyavi, is ki _ ufro grZnobaTa amyoli, ufro „emo-
ciuri“.
roca mamaCemma gimnaziaSi misabareblad quTaisSi wagviyvana,
dedasTan daSorebis gamo gzaze sul tiroda, me ufro gulmag-
rad viyavi. wlis ganmavlobaSic, roca mSoblebs werilsa vwer-
diT xolme, is icremleboda da me Semomnatrida _ netavi Sen, ra
gulmagari xaro. aseTi darCa bolomde _ mgrZnobiare, moyvaru-
li... usiamovnebis patara niavsac ver uZlebda. SeiZleba imitomac,
rom raRac awuxebda. mowafeobis dros misi avadmyofoba mxolod
erTxel maxsovs, gacivda da filtvebis anTeba daemarTa. Tveze
meti iwva da mkurnalobda, ris Semdeg sofelSi gagzavnes mSob-
lebma, swavlasac ki Tavi daanebebines _ akademiuri Svebuleba
auRes. amis Semdeg is sul kargad iyo, magram bolo wlebSi ku-
Wis avadmyofoba dasCemda. albaT frontze 1914-16 wlebSi aranor-
malurma kvebam daaavada. kuWis avadmyofobam TandaTan sZlia gri-
Sas janmrTelobas da bolos operaciamde miiyvana, romelsac
veRar gauZlo.
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom griSam sicocxle me Semomwira: Zveli
kanoni tyupi Zmebidan mxolod erTs avaldebulebda samxedro
samsaxurs, rasac Tavad Zmebi wyvetdnen. da ai, griSam Cems wasv-
las, TviTon arCia wasvla; ucolo iyo, martoxela, me ki _ col-
Sviliani, Tanac samsaxurSic viyavi. mokled, vin Caswvdenia wuTi-
soflis gamocanas!
vaxsene ukve wignisadmi griSas gansakuTrebuli siyvaruli.
magram nakleb ltolvas arc xatvisadmi amJRavnebda. Zmebs xatvis
interesi mamam gagviRviZa. roca skolaSi Sesasvlelad gvamzadeb-
da, gvaZlevda xolme raime lamaznaxatebian wigns da iqidan vixa-
tavdiT. TviTonac gvixatavda fanqriT cxenebs, cxenian kacebs. is
albaT wignis siaxloves gvaCvevda, mis siyvaruls, fanqris xelSi
Weras da mis xmarebas. xatvis es siyvaruli Zalian gagviRrmava
quTaisis realurma saswavlebelma, sadac am sagnis swavlis saqme
Zalian kargad iyo dayenebuli; gansakuTrebuli, didi darbazi
iyo am sagnisaTvis gamoyofili. darbazSi TabaSiris lamazi fi-
gurebi da biustebi idga. skolaSi me da griSas xatvaSi veravin
gvjobda. magram niWs ki bevri amJRavnebda, maT Soris _ patara
dimitri SevardnaZe, SemdgomSi cnobili mxatvari, Tbilisis sam-
xatvro galereis direqtori.
griSas ufro suraTis galamazeba uyvarda, erTgvari stili-
zacia. me ufro, ase vTqvaT, realisturad vudgebodi samuSaos,
modelis mimgvanebaze vfiqrobdi. is ki msgavsebas didad ar dagi-
devda, oRond lamazad gamoeyvana, Taviseburi ieri mieca.
roca moskovSi SoTa rusTavelis axleburad, Cveneburad ga-
gebuli portretis daxatvas vfiqrobdiT, bevri viwvaleT: xan
uqudod davxateT, xanac _ qudiT, xan wveriT, xan _ uwverod; ax-
lac maqvs sadRac Semonaxuli erTi im sacdel monaxazTagani _
patara wveri aqvs, qoCora Tma, uqudod. is ufro griSas namuSeva-

240
ria. arc is mogvewona. xanSi Sesulis wveriani saxe „ar Cajda“,
„ar Caewera“ rusTavelze Cvens warmodgenaSi. gvindoda raRac
araCveulebrivi yofiliyo, rac Cvens rus megobrebs, studento-
bas, saqarTvelos warsuls, qarTul kulturas daanaxvebda, maT
warmodgenac rom ar hqondaT. zogadad gvesaxeboda, rogori
iqneboda me-12 saukunis qarTvelis saxe da Tanac _ geniosisa,
Tavadve rom gvixatavs ,,vefxistyaosanSi”: _ „avTandil iyo spas-
peti, Ze amirspasalarisa, sarosa mjobi, nazardi, msgavsi mzisa
da mTvarisa“. diax, _ vambobdiT orive, _ rusTaveli unda iyos
nimuSi ara marto brZenkacis, ara marto sulieri silamazisa,
aramed _ fizikurisac, „msgavsi mzisa da mTvarisa“. arc erTi ar
vaklebdiT cdas, gvepova is ,,raRac”, is Strixi, is feri da xazi...
Tavs ar vzogavdiT... amas e.w. „zemliaCestvos“ yoveldRiuri cxov-
rebac gvavalebda, rogorc mis aqtiur wevrebs.
Cems beds namdvilad vemduri, metad patara roli damekisra
sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi. mets velodi da monacemebic mqonda.
gansakuTrebiT, Cemi da griSas erToblivi moRvaweoba iqneboda
meti sikeTis momtani. amas xazs imitom vusvam, rom marto me vera-
fers vakeTebdi, griSasTan erTad ki raRac iseTi ZaliT davimux-
tebodi, megona, yvelafers SevZlebdi. ase iyo isic da meubneboda
kidec.
magram Cven, orive, wiTelma katastrofam * gvimsxverpla... TiT-
qos Cveni SesaZleblobebidan aRaraferi dagvitova... yvelaferze
xeli CaviqnieT, rakiRa yvelam erTad wamoyo Tavi, mcodnem Tu uv-
icma, Rirseulma Tu uRirsma da cxovrebis „gaSlil sufras“ mi-
esia. aseT dros Cveni adgili aRarsad darCa. ukadrebels ver
vikadrebdiT da uRirsTa darad cxovrebas mujlugunebiT ver
gavarRvevdiT... ase TandaTan mdabioTa da uvicTa xelSi aRmoCnda
qveyana. Tu proletaruli warmoSobis ar iyavi, ar gendobodnen
araferSi. Tu naswavli iyavi, kidev uaresi, Tu gecva adamianurad
da gexura, eWvis TvaliT giyurebdnen da „cilindrio“, gaiZa-
xodnen. sando ar iyavi da SenTvis gzac gadaketili iyo.
ase da amnairad CamovrCiT cxovrebas, uimedoni da gulgate-
xilni... samagierod, Tavxedi da umecari, wera-kiTxvis ucodinari
,,prolet-revolucionerebi” miiwevdnen zemoT da zemoT...
magram, miuxedavad yvelafrisa, rac ar unda daekisrebinaT
CemTvis, mainc yvelafers sindisis karnaxiT vasrulebdi, Cemi pa-
tiosani adamianuri SegnebiT. mamaCemis da Cveni didi ojaxis wmin-
da saxeli ar SegvibRalavs arc me, arc Cems Zmebs. Cven yvelani
erTni viyaviT adamianuri SegnebiT, sindisiT, patiosnebiT. es
maRali cnebebi yvelas erTnairad gvesmoda da gvesmis dResac.

zogi ram Cemi da griSas warsulidan

roca me da griSa quTaisis realur saswavlebelSi vswav-

lobdiT, xSirad veSlebodiT maswavleblebsac da mowafeebsac.
erTxel, pirvel klasSi rom viyaviT, did dasvenebaze, mowafeebi

*
igulisxmeba 1917 wlis revolucia.
241
ezoSi gamoefinen da TamaSobdnen. raRac saqmeze griSas davuwye
Zebna. davinaxe Tu ara mowafeebis gundSi, davuZaxe: _ „griSaaa!...“
uceb im jgufidan Cemi misamarTiT muqara Semomesma da muSt-
moRerebuli erTi ufrosklaseli mowafe, gvarad baxtaZe, sacem-
rad gamoeqana: ,,me Sen giCveneb seirs, damacadeo“, magram movas-
wari gaqceva.
saqme is gaxldaT, rom baxtaZe iyo brge biWi, Ronieri da
guladi. misi yvelas eSinoda. igi ver itanda, roca wiTuri Tmis
gamo vinme „riJas“ dauZaxebda. amas, rasakvirvelia, veravin bedav-
da, radgan kargad icodnen, rom aravis SearCenda dacinvas.
Cemken rom muqariT gamoeqana, maSinve mivxvdi, _ griSa „riJ-
ad“ moeCvena.
ar gasula ramdenime wuTi, rom griSam moirbina da tiril-
tiriliT misayvedura: _ baxtaZem mcema, „Seni riJa var meo“?... ra-
tom dauZaxe riJa, Sen magier me gamlaxa. _ Tan akvirvebda Cemi
saqcieli, radgan icoda, rom vinmes Seuracxyofa ar mCveoda, moC-
xubarac ar viyavi. marTlac, me da griSas yvela gvicnobda, rog-
orc mSvidobismoyvare bavSvebs, zrdilobianebs da mokrZale-
bulT ufrosebTan.
magram sul male yvelaferi gamoirkva da bevric icines me-
gobrebma. baxtaZemac mogvibodiSa, roca gaigo Tavisi ormagi
Secdoma: pirveli, da mTavari, is, rom me „riJa“ ar damiZaxnia, da
meorec _ SecdomiT udanaSaulo GgriSas gausworda.

frangulis gakveTilze

mexuTe klasSi, franguli enis maswavleblad vinme porakovi

gvyavda, parizSi namyofi da naswavli Tbiliseli axalgazrda,
Turme qarTveli foraqiSvili. magram im dros bevrs urusuleb-
dnen gvars, ar moswondaT qarTuli daboloeba „Svili“. amitom
rusi gvegona.
foraqiSvili kargi maswavlebeli iyo. mowafeebTanac zogier-
TiviT ar ibRinZeboda da yvelas gviyvarda.
erTxel gamiZaxa, mkiTxa gakveTili, moewona Cemi pasuxic da
kargi niSanic damiwera. Semaqo kidec. Cemi merxisken rom wamove-
di, griSa gamoiZaxa. magram griSa Turme fanqars Tlida, TiTi
gaeWra da sisxlis SeCerebas cdilobda, gakveTilis sapasuxod
ar ecala. wamCurCula: isev Sen gadi, ras gaigebso.
raRas vizamdi, _ Zma ZmisTviso da gavedi. maswavlebeli Se-
momaCerda, SemomaCerda da... gaicina: _ kaco, es Zmebi rogor hgvan-
an erTmaneTs. me isev is megona, weRan rom mpasuxobdao. _ weRan
vladimeri pasuxobda, me ki grigoli var-meTqi, _ vTqvi utexad.
damijera, rasakvirvelia, magram bevri ki icina Tavis „Sec-
domaze“. gakveTilis Semdeg Turme maswavleblebs uyveboda am ga-
ugebrobze, romelic sinamdvileSi sulac ar iyo Secdoma.

242
 kosmografia

1906 wlis gazafxulia. saswavleblis damamTavrebel gamoc-

debs vabarebT. dRes kosmografiaSi gvaqvs gamocda. sagani sainte-
resoa, Tan moculobiTac pataraa, maswavlebelic kargi gvyavs da
amitom kargadac var momzadebuli. gulmagrad var. esaa, rom bo-
lomde ver gavimeore, Tumca ar meSinia, raRa maincadamainc is
bolo bileTi Semxvdeba-meTqi, vifiqre.
da, ai, uiRbloba! gavedi Tu ara gamocdaze, me-17 bileTi avi-
Re. fu, dagwyevlos RmerTma! xuTosani viyavi am saganSi da 4-ze
meti ki ver miviRe. samagierod, maswavleblebTan saubarSi es
bileTic kargad davamuSave.
me ukve Cems merxze vijeqi, griSa rom gamoiZaxes. magram sad
aris griSa! raSia saqme? igvianebs, jer ara Cans. mowafeebi Camci-
ebian, gadi imis magivrado, magram me ver vbedav, vai, Tu micnon.
arada, saqme dayovnebas ver iTmenda. gavdivar, momCerebian maswav-
leblebi: ilarion lorTqifaniZe (inspeqtori), konstantine Ro-
RoberiZe, zargariani da sxvani. me guladad var, rom SiSi ar
Sematyon.
_ Grigoriy? _ mekiTxebian. _ Da, Grigoriy! _ vpasuxob me. ga-
Sales bileTebi. gaSales xelaxla, radgan bileTebi cota iyo
kursis sipataravis gamo, mowafeebi ki _ bevri.
davwvdi bileTebs, vcdilob pirveli nomrebidan aviRo... avi-
Re, gadavabrune. isev is me-17 nomeri! maswavlebels rom gadaveci
registraciisaTvis, gaecina da kolegebs mimarTa: _ uyureT am sa-
swauls, weRan es me-17 nomeri vladimerma ,,daisakuTra” da axla
grigolmac igive bileTi ar amoiRo!... _ ise Zalian hgvanan Zmebi
erTmaneTs, rom bileTsac erTi da igives ,,irCeveno”. bevri icines.
me mixaria gunebaSi, rom yvelaferi rigzea da ukve weRan damuSa-
vebul bileTSi mocemuli masala, rasakvirvelia, ufro ukeT
Cavabare da xuTianic miviRe (griSasTvis!).

maTematika

kosmografiis gamocdebs rom movrCiT, mowafeebi sul Cvens _

Zmebis eSmakobebze laparakobdnen da Turme am ambavma maswavleb-
lebis yuramdec miaRwia, magram maT es xumrobad miiCnies da yuri
ar ugdes.
Tumca yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis, Zarubili na nosu da
maTematikaSi, mgoni, algebraSi, orive erTad gagviZaxes. jer
zepirad gvekiTxebodnen, mere TiTo amocana mogvces da
dafebisken gagvistumres, zepirad ki sxva or mowafes cdidnen.
me Cemi amocana gamoviyvane, magram griSas raRac ar gamosdi-
oda, mal-male Slida dawerils. rogor unda mivxmarebodi, ar vi-
codi. dafis ukan fanjaraze wyali idga grafiniT da iq mivedi,
WiqaSi wyali Cavasxi da vsvam. am dros griSac movida, miTxra,
biWo, am amocanas veraferi gavuge da miSvele rameo. me vuTxari:
Cemi amocana gamoyvanilia da wadi Cems dafasTan-meTqi, me ki gri-
Sas dafisaken gavwie. gvecva sul erTnairad da vin ras mixv-
deboda. magram maswavleblebs fiqradac ar mosvliaT, rom Cven aq
243
raimes vieSmakebdiT, miT ufro, rom zepiri orivem kargad Cavaba-
reT. raRac iRblad verc mowafeebi mixvdnen raimes, Torem atyde-
boda sicili da... sanam komisia im ori mowafiT iyo dakavebuli,
romlebic jer kidev zepirs abarebdnen, griSa Cems dafasTan id-
ga gamarjvebulis saxiT da mec ukve vamTavrebdi griSas amocanis
gamoyvanas. gaTavda zepiri. Cven vdgavarT da vucdiT. gadaxedes
dafebs. yvelaferi rigzea. mere jer griSas mimarTes: _ vladimer,
rogoraa Tqveni amocanis saqme, _ ekiTxebian griSas, anu maTi
azriT _ me. _ kargad, maswavlebelo, yvelaferi rigzea, amocana
gamoyvanilia, _ pasuxobs griSa. gadaxeda maswavlebelma: _
sworia, _ Tqva man, Tqven yoCaRi xarT, vladimer. Tavisufali
xarT, wabrZandiT. gaxarebuli griSa ukanmouxedavad gavarda ga-
reT. _ Tqven ki, grigol, raRac gagirTuldaT, mgonia, ara? _
mekiTxeba maswavlebeli, _ gagiZneldaT?
_ ki gamiZnelda, magram mainc davZlie_meTqi, _ vuTxari da
davsvi wertili.
_ Senc yoCaRi xar, grigol, mara xandaxan waizarmacebo, _
miTxra maswavlebelma da griSas gaswvrivac dawera 5.

fexsacmelebis maRaziaSi

moskovSi, 1906 wels, me, griSa da andro razmaZe erTad vcxo-

vrobdiT bolSaia nikitskaiaze, semenkoviCis saxlSi (konservato-
riis pirdapir). erTxel samiveni fexsacmelebis sayidlad waved-
iT. maRaziaSi rom SevdiodiT, griSa ukan CamogvrCa, viRacas ela-
parakeboda.
me da andro darbazSi SevediT, dagvsves da, rogorc yvela,
vizomavT fexsacmelebs. magram griSa sadaa amden xans? am fiqrSi
rom var, gavixede pirdapir da gamikvirda: griSa ager zis da Cem-
saviT axal fexsacmels izomavs. _ andro, griSa ager yofila, ka-
co... manac Sexeda da mere xarxari autyda. maRaziaSi swored im
dros Semovida griSac. me ki Turme uzarmazar sarkes Sevuyvani-
var SecdomaSi, Cemi Tavi rom griSad ,,momaCvena”. samivem didxans
vicineT, magram me mainc ver gamego, rogor momivida, rom Cemi
Tavi griSa megona.

Tbilisis qarTul klubSi

me da griSa moskovidan sazafxulo ardadegebze Sin movdio-

diT da TbilisSi SevCerdiT. maSin gza baqos gamovliT iyo. saRa-
mos megobrebTan erTad „qarTul klubSi“ wavediT. es klubi moT-
avsebuli iyo dRevandel ilia WavWavaZis kulturis saxlSi. mTe-
li Senoba Tavis baRianad saucxood hqondaT mowyobili. qarTu-
li Teatric, SemdegSi _ griboedovis saxelobis rusuli Teatri
_ iqve iyo. klubSi didxans SevyeviT megobrebTan saubars da
drostarebas. wamosvla davapire, magram griSa ver vnaxe. vifiqre:
albaT ukve wasulia, qveviT Tu micdis-meTqi. baRidan rom Senob-
is gamovliT, auarebel xalxTan erTad, qveviT CamovdiodiT, uceb
am xalxSi Tvali griSas movkari da gamexarda, Zebna aRar dam-
Wirdeboda. isic kibeze Camodioda da manac daminaxa.
244
 _ sada xar, kaco, geZeb-meTqi, _ SevZaxe da amden xalxSi me
misken, is ki Cemken moiwevs, moarRvevs xalxs da ucbad SubliT
sarkes davejaxe. Turme mTel kedelze sarke yofila.
visac qarTuli klubi axsovs, uTuod emaxsovreba is didi
sarkec, romelic mTel kedels faravda Camosasvlel kibesTan
Senobis meore sarTulze.
griSa, marTlac, micdida qveviT amxanagebTan erTad da, roca
Cemi Secdomis ambavi movuyevi da Sublze kopic vaCvene, bevri
vicineT yvelam.

saxelgamSi

erTxel griSa soxumidan Camovida. is iq qarTuli teqnikumis

direqtorad muSaobda da Cem sanaxavad samsaxurSi „saxelgamis“
sammarTveloSi mewvia. mosula griSa „saxelgamSi“ da meZebs, ar
icis, romel oTaxSi vzivar. Seixeda pirvelsave oTaxSi. iq bux-
halteri ijda, saxeli aRar maxsovs, gvarad ki maisuraZe iyo.
griSam jer salami misca yvelas, rogorc icoda, da SeekiTxa: _
bodiSi, aq lado jafariZe romel oTaxSi zis, xom ver metyviT?
maisuraZe gaSterebuli misCerebia. ver gaugia: ra mouvida am
lado jafariZes, Tavis Tavs rom kiTxulobso, magram iRblad iq
Zveli TanamSromlebic isxdnen, romlebmac icodnen Cveni ambavi,
mixvdnen misaxvedrels da griSa Cems oTaxSi Semoiyvanes.
maisuraZes ki didxans ara sjeroda, rom is, vinc weRan la-
do jafariZe ikiTxa, TviTon lado ar iyo da SiSneulad kiTxu-
lobda Turme: sklerozi xom ara aqvs lado jafariZes, Tavis
oTaxsac rom veRar agnebso.

soxumSi

1931 wels, Semodgomaze, griSasTan soxumSi Cavedi, romelsac

qalaqSi yvela kargad icnobda.
soxumSi matarebliT diliT Cavedi da iqauroba Zalian mome-
wona, yvelafers interesiT vaTvalierebdi, vakvirdebodi. mivdi-
var nel-nela quCa-quCa, yvelani salams maZleven, darwmunebuli
var, gamvlelebs griSa vgonivar. mec Tavazianad vpasuxob maT.
ar vici, saiT wavide, romeli mimarTulebiTaa netav griSas
teqnikumi! vikiTxo? mrcxvenia. ras ityvian, Tavis teqnikums kiTxu-
lobs, xom ar gagiJdao. arada, rogor moviqce?
bolos, gavbede da mainc vkiTxe erTs, romelic, Cemi fiqriT,
ar unda yofiliyo griSas nacnobi: _ ukacravad, xom ar iciT,
sadaa aq qarTuli teqnikumi? is SemomaSterda, karga xans miyura
da mere ukan-ukan daixia, gamecala. Sevatyve, Soridan miTvalTva-
lebda. vin icis, ra ifiqra, ra mouvida am adamianso... Sevwuxdi,
irgvliv transportic araferi Canda, arc taqsi, arc cxeniani
etli, arc avtobusi! is xom pirdapir mimiyvanda teqnikumSi.
bolos, erTs vkiTxe teqnikumis misamarTi, Tanac, davumate,
rom jafariZis Zma var, Tbilisidan Camovedi, masTan mivdivar-
meTqi da iman mimaswavla. Tanac, bevri miyura da mezoblebs Cem-

245
ken uTiTebda, albaT ukvirda TviTonac da sxvasac uyveboda Cems
msgavsebaze ZmasTan.
rogorc iqna, mivedi teqnikumTan. iq bevri mowafe darboda
ezoSi. ager griSas „kazbekamac“ moirbina da Semomaxta wina to-
rebiT, laquci damiwyo, Sinaur adamianad micno. mowafeebi sal-
ams maZleven grigori malakieviCs.
da bolos, rogorc iqna, griSac gamoCnda. rom daminaxa, Cem-
ken gamoqanda. erTmaneTs tariel-avTandiliviT gadavexvieT. mowa-
feebis gancvifrebas sazRvari ara aqvs, mogvCerebian da, romelia
maTi direqtori da romeli misi Zma, ver gaugiaT.

Sexvedra miSa qorqiasTan

(1918-1919)

griSam rom universiteti daamTavra, TbilisSi Camovida da

kavkasiis samoswavlo olqis mzrunvelis, rudolfis, kancelari-
as ewvia. kavkasiis farglebSi iqneb sadme maswavleblis adgils
momixerxebdeTo. es maSin ocneba iyo qarTveli kacisaTvis.
saerTod, qarTvelebs samuSaod ruseTSi agzavnidnen, ufro _
cimbirSi.
roca imedi gadauwures _ araferi gamogivaT, tyuilad imedi
nu gaqvT, ruseTSi wadiTo, griSam gadawyvita, TviTon rudolfi
enaxa piradad. inaxula kidec, magram rudolfmac igive uTxra,
adgilebi ara maqvs gimnaziebSi, ruseTSi wadiTo. mere uTqvams, _
yovel SemTxvevaSi, damitoveT sabuTebi da, rac mTavaria, daxasi-
aTebao. roca mamis saxels daakvirda, hkiTxa:
_ Malakieviq? Kakogo Malaki%, ne lanqxutskogo inspektora Vj
sjn?
_ Da, Vawe prevosxoditel>stvo, _ miugo griSam.
_ Nuuu,... Oqen> xorowo! Znaqit xarakteristiki vawey mne
bol>we nikakoy ne nado. Sjnu vawego otca mo[no poverit> i na
slovo, qto budete otliqnjm prepodavatelem. da griSa salianis gim-
naziaSi daniSna baqosTan axlos.
griSa rom iq Cavida, gimnazia axali gaxsnili iyo. mosawyeni
adgili aRmoCnda, magram oriod qarTveli mainc ipova, axalgazr-
debi, griSasaviT samuSaod Casulni. erTi, veteqimi miSa qorqia,
meore _ axalgazrda provizori spiridon xaburzania, mesame _
fostis moxele lado maWaraSvili.
zafxulSi ardadegebze Sin rom dabrunda, griSa xSirad miy-
veboda salianis ambebs _ miSa qorqiaze, spiridon xaburzaniaze,
lado maWaraSvilze, romlebic ZmebiviT Sehyvareboda da, roca
quTaisSi gadmoiyvanes, Zalian ganicdida maTTan daSorebas.
im dros foTSi vmuSaobdi da xSirad mixdeboda quTaisSi
yofna. erTxel, quTaisis vagzalze var, foTSi mivdivar. SuadRea.
gavedi baqanze, magram jer adrea. raRac sagareubno matarebeli
idga sazafxulo, Ria vagonebiT, xalxiT iyo savse, magram nacno-
bi veravin SevniSne. ucbad, im xalxSi erTi axalgazrda wamoxta
da aRtacebiT SemomZaxa: _ griSa, Cemo Zamiko! _ waavlo Tavis xa-
baks xeli, gaarRvia xalxis nakadi, Camoxta vagonidan, gamoeqana,
meca, Camikra gulSi da mkocnis... me meRimeba mis Secdomaze (aseTi
ambavi ucxo xom ar iyo CvenTvis _ ZmebisTvis!) da ras ityvis, ro-
246
ca gaigebs, rom griSa ar var. maSasadame, mec, SeZlebisdagvarad,
unda SeviSnovo griSaoba... roca movrCiT xvevna-kocnas da mkiTxa,
_ kaco, sada xar, rogora xaro, SeiZleba raRac igrZno kidec,
Tumca Zalian vcdilobdi masaviT gaxarebuli saxe mimeRo.
bolos, meti ra gza iyo, ganvacxade, _ nu gagikvirdebaT da
me lado var da ara griSa-meTqi. _ ladoo?...
rogor Sewuxda!... iuxerxula... _ ki vicodi Tqveni metismeti
msgavseba, magram aseTi?!. daujerebelia... RmerTmani... daujerebe-
li!.. mere gamecno: _ me miSa qorqia var, griSas megobari saliani-
dano. Zalian gamexarda mec, radgan griSa mas yovelTvis didi
siyvaruliT ixsenebda, rogorc iSviaT axalgazrdas da mis mego-
bars.
me da miSa SemdegSi iseTive kargi megobrebi gavxdiT, ro-
gorc is da griSa. marTla metad sayvareli adamiani iyo. metad
gulTbili da gulmarTali.
miSas SesaniSnavi vaJebi darCa. ori maTgani fizkulturis in-
stitutSi Cemi studenti iyo _ oTari da, mgoni, konstantine. oT-
ari qarTuli kalaTburTis didostatia da iseTive keTilSobili
da kargi, rogorc mamamisi.

saparikmaxeroSi

erTxel, moskovSi, me da griSa axal binaze gadavediT, gaze-

tni SesaxvevSi (axla ogariovis quCa). es iyo 1910 wels. iqve, Cven-
Tan axlos saparikmaxero iyo da diliT, sanam leqciebze wavido-
di, wveris gasaparsavad Sevedi.
parikmaxerma savarZelze mimiTiTa, mere samarTebeli moimar-
jva da rom Semomxeda, Tvalebi gaufarTovda, cota ukan daixia
da isev Semomxeda: _ Gospodin student, _ SeSinebuls xma ukanka-
lebda: _ Vj, ved>, tol>ko-qto brilis>!... *tim utrom [e!... _ ara, me
ar vyofilvar; me Zma myavs, Zalian mgavs, is ufro adre gamovida
saxlidan da albaT is iyo-meTqi, _ varwmune bevri, magram ar
sjeroda. _ arao, Tqven iyaviTo. da roca oriode dRis Semdeg me
da griSa erTad SevediT, mxolod maSinRa irwmuna sinamdvile. ki
minaxavs tyupi Zmebi, magram aseTi msgavseba Cems dReSi ar minaxav-
so.
kargi saparikmaxero iyo, ori Sauri Rirda gaparsva. Tu abo-
nements iyiddi 10 gaparsvaze, maneTis magier 80 kapiki Rirda, e.i.
gaparsva 8 kapiki gamodioda.
* * *
erT dRes papuna wereTeli Semxvda meored. _ axla ki gicani,
Sen griSa xar, lado universitetSi vnaxeo. axlac lado var-
meTqi, _ vupasuxe me.
* * *
Cemi qaliSvili rom gaTxovda, dedaCemma SecdomiT GgriSas
miuloca Svilis gabedniereba.
QAM

247
 ikorTis magaliTiT

Tu eri socialuri erTeulia, xolo Cven _ calkeuli pi-

rovnebebi _ misi cocxali nawilebi, maSin savsebiT bunebrivad
unda CaiTvalos ama Tu im erovnuli mniSvnelobis movlenis ise-
Tive SegrZneba, rogorc cocxali sxeulis gancdebi gadaecema
sxeulis TiToeul nawils.
swored amitomac damrCa 88 wlis asakSi didad gasaxarad is
garemoeba, rom Cveni axalgazrdobis TaosnobiT (biZina Coloya-
Svilis meTaurobiT) a.w. 1 ivniss sofel ikorTaSi aRiniSna iqau-
ri taZris 800 wlisTavi da saxalxo dResaswaulic moewyo.
es Cveni mSobliuri kulturis namdvili zeimia!
Cveni qveynis warsulis materialuri kulturis Zeglebisadmi
aseTi zrunva da yuradReba marto mecnieruli RirebulebiT ki
ar amoiwureba, mas didi moralur-aRmzrdelobiTi mniSvnelobac
aqvs da patriotul grZnobas uRvivebs mozard Taobas.
am SesaniSnavma ambavma, mec ki _ esoden xandazmuli adamiani
_ bavSviviT gamitaca da Semdgomi aseTi keTilSobiluri aqciebi-
saTvis sruliad gasagebi xalisic aRmiZra. mere ramdeni istoriu-
li Zeglia, Cvens yuradRebas da patronobas rom saWiroebs.
aseT ZeglTa Soris pirvel rigSi cnobili erTawmindis
eklesia minda davasaxelo. is kargad aqvs aRwerili Cvens isto-
rikoss platon ioselians.
_ am eklesiis Senebis dawyebas _ wers is, _ miaweren mefe
vaxtang I-s, romelic V saukuneSi cxovrobda.
maS, ra xnis unda iyos es saxelovani Zegli!...
erTawmindis eklesia daba axalqalaqis Tavzea, platoze, so-
fel erTawmindaSi (kaspis raioni) da mefuri sidiadiT gadasCere-
bia Zirs qarTlis dacemul vakes, mtkvars, TeZams.
vaxuSti bagrationi ase wers masze:
„TeZamze aris axalqalaqi. amis zeviT _ eklesia gumbaTiani
erTawmindisa. saswaulTmoqmedi, Tlili qviT naSeni, keTilovani.
saarqimandrito. aramed kaTalikozs upyria taxtad“.
erTawminda iSviaTi sofelia, kargi haeriT da saucxoo sas-
meli wyliT. misi midamoebi mdidaria istoriuli ZeglebiT. is
namdvili gmirTa samkvidroa. iqve mis zemoT luarsab mefis saz-
afxulo rezidenciis cixedarbazis _ cxireTis nangrevebia, qve-
moT _ noste, ukvdavi gmiris giorgi saakaZis sofeli da cixe;
odnav moSorebiT Zveli metexis eklesia da sofeli metexi.
magram marto amiT ar amoiwureba am TvalsaCino Zeglis mniS-
vneloba. mis kedlebs Soris xom saukuno gansvenebis adgili miu-
Cines gmir Wabuks _ giorgi saakaZis vaJs paatas, romelic, Sah-
abasis brZanebiT wamebiT iqna mokluli sparseTSi 1625 wels.
Wabuki paata ara marto gmiria, is iSviaTi magaliTia mamuli-
saTvis uyoymano Tavdadebisa axalgazrdobisaTvis.
amitomaa saxeli gmirisa ukvdavi yvelgan da yovelTvis.
Wabuki paata dakrZalulia erTawmindis taZarSi, calke ekv-
derSi. magram mis saflavs araferi amkobs, gmirisa da zvarakis
sakadrisi. saflavis qva ki adevs, magram am qvaze warwera imdenad
gacveTili da waSlilia, rom teqsti aRar ikiTxeba.

248
 istoriidan cnobilia, rom Svilis cxedris dasaflavebis me-
re giorgi saakaZem mas calke ekvderic auSena. magram es ekvderi
mainc nawili iyo eklesiisa da saukuneebis manZilze saflavis
qvaze mlocvelTa dgomam da siarulma Tavisi qna, warwera sav-
sebiT gacviTa da waSala. iq amJamad sxva saflavebicaa da axal
saflavTa Soris gmiris Zveli saflavi TiTqmis Caikarga.
am axalTa Soris erT-erTi qvis warwera sanimuSod gadmovi-
were:
„98 weli SemaSfoTebdnen Relvani soflisani. aw vewie myud-
rosa navTsayudelsa. ese ars gansasvenebeli Cemi ukuniTi ukuni-
samde. aqa davemkvidre nebiTa uflisa CemisaTa maiori T-di n.d.Ta-
rxanmouravi. aRvsruldi Cy... welsa. anugeSe, ufalo, Zeni Cemni as-
lan, dimitri, giorgi da estate“.
paatas saflavze ki aseTs verafers waikiTxavT. misi warwera
ukve aRar arsebobs. is waSlilia drois ulmobeli xeliT. mas
arc platon ioseliani axsenebs Tavis wignSi, Tumca dawvrile-
biT aRwers erTawmindis eklesias. unda vifiqroT, rom es war-
wera maSinac (1847w.) aseT unugeSo mdgomareobaSi iyo.
magram is, rac maSin iyo, Zvel droSi, dRes ukve aRar gve-
kadreba. gmiris saflavi Rirsia imisa, rom movlili iyos da
saTanado warweriT damSvenebuli.
es Cveni erovnuli Rirsebis saqmea! erTawmindis istoriuli
Zegli, romelsac araerTi da ori saukune „aRaSfoTebdnen Rel-
vani soflisani“, mowmea Cveni boboqari istoriis mravali drama-
tuli da tragikuli momentisa... paatas naTeli xsovnis ukvdavsa-
yofad, misi wamebidan 350 wlisTavs, romelic wels sruldeba,
darwmunebuli var, axalgazrdoba saTanadod aRniSnavs, rogorc
ekadreba Cvens ganaTlebul epoqas, niWier Taobas, mTel Cvens
kulturas, Cvens warsuls.

damateba

werilebi ladoze

vladimer jafariZe _ vamayob, rom viyavi misi mowafe.

b-n vladimers pirvelad 1947 wels Sevxvdi, rodesac me Tbi-

lisis saxelmwifo fizkulturis institutis studenti gavxdi.
Cemi daaxloveba b-n vladimerTan, rogorc pedagogTan da aRmzr-
delTan, misma gasaocarma adamianurma Tvisebebma ganapiroba. igi
uCveulod keTili, Tbili, ubralo, studentebisadmi gulSemat-
kivari da, amave dros, maRali kulturis profesionali iyo. misma
pedagogiurma xelovnebam, Tavisi saqmis Rrma codnam, studente-
bTan uSualo damokidebulebam da axlo urTierTobam waruSle-
li kvali datova Cems sulSi da gauzviadeblad SemiZlia vTqva,
rom man Tavisi damrigebluri rCevebiT, pedagogiuri taqtiT,
249
yuradRebiani damokidebulebiT didi roli iTamaSa Cemi, rogorc
momavali sportsmenis, moqalaqis CamoyalibebaSi. Tamamad SeiZle-
ba iTqvas, rom fizkulturis institutis kedlebSi aRzrdili
yvela cnobili sportsmenis warmatebaSi lomis wili b-n vladim-
ers ekuTvnoda. ise dagmuxtavda gamarjvebis JiniT, iseT cecxls
daginTebda gulSi, umal sikvdils virCevdi, vidre orTabrZola-
Si damarcxebas.
pirvelad msoflio pirvelobaze rom mivdiodi, damiZaxa da,
ai, ra miTxra: _ es erTi muWa qveyana, Tavisi mtkice xasiaTiTa da
SeupovrobiT iyo, dRemde rom movida. Cvens mama-papas imdeni naxm-
levi, naxanjlari da natyviari hqonda, rom verc ki dauTvlida
kaci. saqarTvelo yoveli kuTxiT mtriani iyo: iraneli Tu osma-
lo, skviTi Tu xazari, monRoli Tu leki, osi, Cerqezi, RliRvi,
dido, qisti _ yvela am erTmtkavela miwis misataceblad modio-
da da radganac qarTveli qal-vaJebi aTasi Tvisebis _ silamazis,
siCauqis gamo Zalian Zvirad fasobdnen stambolis Tu egviptis
bazrebze, itacebdnen da cxvrebiviTa hyiddnen. es iyo didi Semo-
savlis wyaro...
qarTveli kaci erT xelSi xmliT, meoreSi guTniT xvdeboda
mtersa da moyvares. erTi qarTveli aTs mainc ebrZoda. am brZo-
lam gamogvawrTo. ase rom, erTi qarTveli meomari Tavis mamuls
icavda da aTi kacis damarcxebas axerxebda. erTi ram gulis fi-
carze geweros _ Senze Zlieri ar aris arc Turqi, arc iraneli,
arc evropeli, arc rusi. Sen rom ucxoeTSi vinmem wagaqcios, es
saqarTvelos Sercxvena iqneba da es Tu moxda, icode, aq, am in-
stitutSi, fexs aRar dagadgmevineb. aq ar dabrunde. dabrundebi
mxolod gamarjvebuli, rogorc Seni jiSisa da niWis kacs,
rogorc qarTvels ekadreba da Seefereba. tradicia ar daarRvio.
erTi aTs unda udride. icode, rom Seni damarcxebiT saqarTvelo
marcxdeba. yovel wuTs da wams gaxsovdes, _ Sen aTjer meti unda
SeZlo da SeZleb kidec.
yoveli gamosvlis win sul es magondeboda da gaaTmagebuli
ZaliT vWidaobdi. ise mowinaaRmdegeebis ar SemSinebia, rogorc
vladimer malaqieviCisa, romelic marTla aRar SemiSvebda Cems
mSobliur, sayvarel institutSi da es sxvanair mxneobas da Za-
las mmatebda. es muxti mudam Tan damyveboda. ase rom, Cems gama-
rjvebebSi olimpiur, msoflio da saerTaSoriso SejibrebebSi
vladimer malaqieviCis udidesi wvlilia da, axla, aTeuli wleb-
is Semdeg didi madlierebis grZnobiT vixseneb mas.
me, b-ni vladimeris Sobilma studentma _ romelmac davam-
Tavre fizkulturis instituti, Semdeg Tsu istoriis fakulte-
ti, Cemi sportuli moRvaweobis periodSi moviare msoflios mra-
vali qveyana, xolo sportuli karieris damTavrebis Semdeg dRem-
de vmoRvaweob sportis sferoSi, vxvdebi uamrav adamians _ yo-
velgvari gadaWarbebis gareSe SemiZlia vTqva, rom b-ni vladime-
ris msgavsi adamiani ar Semxvedria. igi namdvilad saswaulTmoq-
medi, didi Rirsebisa da maRali sulis mqone pirovneba iyo. b-nma
vladimerma miwinaswarmetyvela, rom gavxdebodi didi sportsmeni,
msoflios Cempioni da mivaRwevdi warmatebebs ara marto spor-
tSi. me bednierad vTvli Tavs da meamayeba, rom yvelasaTvis say-
vareli adamianis _ b-ni vladimeris winaswarmetyveleba gavamarT-
le, ar gavucrue imedi da gavxdi msoflioSi pirveli Cempioni

250
saqarTvelodan. b-ni vladimeri yovelTvis sixaruliT xvdeboda
Cems yovel gamarjvebas da gulwrfeli grZnobiT milocavda war-
matebebs. me namdvilad vamayob imiT, rom viyavi am didebuli ada-
mianis mowafe. man Tavisi kaikacobiT waruSleli kvali datova
Cemze. im uamrav adamianTa Soris, romelTac raime wvlili miuZ-
RviT Cem, rogorc moqalaqisa da sportsmenis, CamoyalibebaSi,
erT-erTi uTvalsaCinoesia b-ni vladimeri. igi Cems mexsierebaSi
samudamod darCa adamianobis _ am sityvis sruli mniSvnelobiT _
nimuSad.

vaxtang balavaZe.
2001 w. 27 oqtomberi.

*
axla me 85 wlisa var. es moxda 1939 wels. fizkulturis
instituti maSin orTaWalaSi iyo kunZulze, yofil makaronis
fabrikaSi. b-ni lado rusul enas gvaswavlida. erTxel curvaSi
mecadineoba gvqonda sanapiroze. sadac axla restorani „aragvia”,
im adgilas sacurao auzi iyo. curvas rom movrCiT, CvenTan b-ni
lado movida, raTa mecadineoba rusul enaSi iqve Caetarebina.
aqeT-iqidan SemovusxediT. ucbad gamovarda gveli da mocur-
avs Cvenken. gaviqeciT. b-ni lado ki ijda, fexi ar moucvlia.
mogvaZaxa _ nu garbixarT, nu geSiniaTo. TviTon arc amdgara. gve-
li misken micuravs. daviwyeT yvirili... b-ni lado miaCerda gvels
da gaaCera... gvelma auqcia gza da gacurda sxva mxares. mere b-ni
lado mogvibrunda da gviTxra: „me sofelSi var gazrdili da
vici magaTi gaCerebis xerxi. ar unda SegeSindes. Tu ar gaabraze,
arafers gerCiso”, _ aseTi iyo gulmagari raindi, vaJkaci da
saintereso pedagogi lado jafariZe.

profesori akaki dokvaZe.

2001 w. seqtemberi.

*
batoni lado uaRresad inteligenti, erudirebuli da keT-
ili adamiani iyo, saxeze sul naTeli gadasdioda. maxsovs, pirve-
li gakveTilidanve pedagogsa da studentebs Soris SesaniSnavi
urTierToba damyarda. jgufSi bevrma kargad ar icoda rusuli
da xSirad qarTulad gvesaubreboda, gviyveboda saintereso ist-
oriebs, zogjer piradi cxovrebidanac. Tumca is, rom mas aseTi
gamoCenili Zma hyavda, Zalian gvian gavigeT.
maxsovs, saTxilamuro Sekrebis dros bakurianSi mecadineob-
is Casatareblad batoni lado Camovida. mecadineoba sasadiloSi
gvitardeboda, sadac Cvens zurgs ukan rkinis Rumeli gizgizebda.
erT-erTma studentma RumelTan Caimuxla da malulad sigaretis
moweva daiwyo. jgufeli gvyavda, romelmac, viTom xumrobiT, Ri-
ad dabezReba icoda. axlac ase moiqca: Sen! _ mimarTa mwevels, _

251
ar ici, rom mecadineobaze sigarets ar ewevian?! masw, uTxariT
rame, dagvaxrCo kvamliT!
_ biWebo, me yvelafers vxedav, imasac, rasac is akeTebda, da
imasac, rac Sen gaakeTe, _ RimiliT miugo batonma ladom.
erTxel _ me ukve maswavlebeli viyavi _ batonma ladom 14-15
wlis lamazi ymawvili momiyvana da miTxra: „es Cemi SviliSvilia
_ daTo, Zalian moswons farikaoba da unda, rom TqvenTan ivarji-
Sos”. rasakvirvelia, davTanxmdi da garkveuli periodi daTo *
CemTan varjiSobda, SejibrebebSic iRebda monawileobas. dRes es
vaJkaci universitetis leqtoria da iseTi mowiwebiT mxvdeba,
TiTqos isev patara biWi iyos. Tavmdabloba papisagan dahyva,
albaT. daTos rom vxvdebi, maSinve batoni lado maxsendeba,
rogor ubrwyinavda Tvalebi, roca SviliSvili mis gverdiT iyo.
dRes, rodesac yofili studentebi vixsenebT Cvens maswavle-
blebs, batoni lado pirvel rigSia, _ albaT imitom, rom igi
SesaniSnavi adamianuri TvisebebiT iyo dajildoebuli.

fizikuri aRzrdisa da sportis akademia,

mwvrTnelTa fakultetis dekani, biologiur
mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori
j. zaldastaniSvili

cocxali mematiane

baton vladimer jafariZesa da Cveni turistuli jgufis wev-

rTa Soris didi asakobrivi sxvaobis miuxedavad, gulwrfeli me-
gobruli urTierToba Cven Soris arasodes moSlila. 70 wels ga-
dacilebuli Zia lado erTnairad megobrobda rogorc asakovan,
ise axalgazrda turistebTan. xSirad asakovani turistebis _ la-
Sa SublaZis, vladimer norakiZisa da sxvaTa winadadebiT gzaSive
Segvicvlia da gagvirTulebia laSqrobis manZili.
bevrjer yofila SemTxveva, rodesac radios an televizias
gaukeTebia reklama Cveni turistuli jgufisaTvis, xazgasmiT gam-
ouyvia saubari b-n ladoze da meore dRes telefonis zarebsac
SevuwuxebivarT, _ nu aWarbebT, 70-s gadacilebuli kaci erT dRe-
Si amxela manZils rogor faravso.
albaT, amitomac iyo,rom b-n vladimers Rrma siberemde ar
Seuwyvetia aqtiuri pedagogiuri saqmianoba da yovelTvis iTvle-
boda studentTa sayvarel maswavleblad. maxsovs, fakultetis
dekanad Cemi muSaobis dros kabinetSi Semovida sakmaod Sewuxe-
buli studenti, gvarad sulaSvili, romelmac mauwya, rom mala-
qieviCTan (maSin xSirad ase mimarTavdnen xolme b-n vladimers)
darCenili bolo gamocda ver Cavabare da albaT gamricxaveno.
Tan matrikuli gamomiwoda, ai, naxeTo, _ miTxra man da Sig Cawe-
ril niSanze maniSna. me gavocdi. sayovelTaod cnobili faqtia,
rom matrikulSi oriani ar iwereba. man matrikulSi Caweril niS-
ans TiTi gaayola da „ganmarta”, _ ai, naxeT, malaqieviCma matri-
kulSi „udov” Cawera, e.i. CamWrao. eh, sulaSvilo, _ bevri icina

*
daviT maWavariani, qimikosi, Tsu docenti.
252
 maSin Cvenma aRmzrdelma, _ wesieri biWi rom ar iyo, eg „udov”
axla „neudovad” unda gadagikeTdeso.
yvelam vicodiT, rom Cveni Zia lado saocrad hgavda Tavis
tyupiscal Zmas da rodesac maT SevxvdebodiT, cotas Sevayovneb-
diT xolme salmis micemas. romelic gagviRimebda, is iyo Cveni
TanamSromeli.
turistuli laSqrobis dros turistebi vcdilobdiT Zia
ladosTan axlos vyofiliyaviT, vicodiT, rom igi yovelTvis
raime saintereso ambebs gaixsenebda. mosayoli ki, icocxleT, bev-
ri hqonda. rad Rirs Tundac is ambavi, rom igi lev tolstois
dasaflavebas eswreboda da moskovel studentebTan erTad misi
kuboc auwevia Turme.
Tavad gansajeT, student axalgazrdobasTan ramdeni ram
hqonda mosayoli am cocxal mematianes.

avTandil cibaZe.
pedagogikis mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori.

batono lado!

gilocavT 85 wlisTavs, mapatieT, rom sapatio mizezis gamo

ver veswrebi Tqvens iubiles.
miiReT es eqspromti niSnad Tqvendami udidesi pativiscemisa
da siyvarulisa.
Tqveni avTandil cibaZe

mkacri sargis jafariZe, kargo kaco, dido kaco,

ulmobeli jafara, didebulo qarTvelo,
vis ar axsovs, misma jarma me mzada var, Sen qebaSi
xom yvela gza dafara? vaRamo da vaTeno.

da rodesac Sen giyureb, dailocos, vinc gagzarda, _

azri mTlad ameria, Seni kuTxe patara,
mkacri kaci im Tqvens gvarSi Seni Rari, da Rarula,
rogor gamoeria. Seni wyaro ankara.

ulmobeli ki ara da, mamis sityva vaJkacuri,

xar nimuSi kacobis, dedis tkbili nanina,
SeniT laRobs, SeniT xarobs ramac suli didqarTuli
ucnobi Tu nacnobi. dRemde mogatanina,

jafariZeT didebul gvars Seni niWi, Seni xeli,

mxolod Sen rom hyolodi, molberti da kalami,
mis saqebrad marto esec minda ase ulevad vTqva
eyofoda bolomdi. locva wminda, alali.

253
da rogor ar viamayo: sixaruli, siyvaruli
me xom ferxTa mtveri var, fiandazad dagegos,
mec xom SenTa megobarTa Senze mxolod warmateba,
did siaSi vwerivar. mxolod kargi gagvegos.

Cven xom fexiT dagvilaxavs minda wlebi amdenive

Cveni koxta mTa-bari, isev akabadono,
da orives misi trfobiT sasurvelo, sayvarelo,
gulebi gvaqvs gamTbari. Cveno lado _ batono.

Cveni sayvareli maswavlebeli

ase veZaxdiT studentebi CvenTvis Zvirfas adamians baton

vladimer malaqias Ze jafariZes. arian adamianebi, romlebic Ta-
visi keTilSobilebiT, adamianuri siTboTi, usazRvro yuradRebi-
Ta da siaxloviT samudamod aRibeWdebian mexsierebaSi. aseT adam-
ianad darCa CvenSi b-ni vladimeri. pirvelad mas 1948 wels Sev-
xvdi fizkulturis institutSi misaRebi gamocdebis Cabarebisas,
xolo axlos gavicani imave wlis seqtemberSi rusul enaSi
seminarul mecadineobaze, rogorc pedagogi. pirveli Sexved-
risTanave Cven Soris iseTi Tbili da axlo urTierToba dam-
yarda, rom miuxedavad asakobrivi gansxvavebisa, megobrobaSi ga-
daizarda da b-n vladimeris sicocxlis bolo dRemde gagrZel-
da. is Cems mexsierebaSi darCa, rogorc didi pedagogi, Tavis sag-
anze Seyvarebuli adamiani, saukeTeso mcodne, maRali inteleqti-
sa da kulturis mqone pirovneba. mis mier masalis axsna da gada-
cemis meTodi, metyvelebis maRali kultura da damajerebeli
msjeloba namdvilad qrestomaTiuli iyo. Tu marTalia senten-
cia, „pedagogad unda daibado”, maSin igi b-n vladimerzea zedga-
moWrili.
b-ni vladimeri Zalze keTili bunebis, uaRresad Tbili, yu-
radRebiani da metad mokrZalebuli adamiani iyo, romelic pirve-
li SexvedrisTanave xiblavda adamians. misi institutSi muSaobis
periodSi ar maxsovs SemTxveva, rom mas raime garTuleba hqonod-
es studentebTan Tu sxvebTan urTierTobaSi. igi xSirad gviyve-
boda saintereso epizodebs Tavisi mdidari cxovrebiseuli gamo-
cdilebidan. mas Txrobis manera, stili metad saintereso da mim-
zidveli hqonda. b-ni vladimeri gulCvili kaci iyo. maxsovs, pir-
vel kursze, leqciebs Soris Sesvenebaze masTan saubrisas gairk-
va, rom erTi Cvengani (SemdgomSi cnobili mecnieri) stipendias
ar Rebulobda, radgan misaReb gamocdebze b-n vladimerTan samia-
ni hqonda miRebuli. es faqti b-nma vladimerma ise mwvaved ganica-
da, ise Sewuxda, rom didxans vamSvidebdiT. TviT im studentma
uTxra, rom is Sefaseba misi pasuxis sruliad adeqvaturi iyo da
mets ar imsaxurebda. amis miuxedavad, es SemTxveva didxans axsov-
da da Sexvedrisas ityoda xolme: „aba, kaco, rogor momivida
eso”. b-ni vladimeri qvelmoqmedic iyo, Tumca igi Tavad SeZlebu-
lad ar cxovrobda, magram xSirad exmareboda gaWirvebul stud-
entebs. im wlebSi, rodesac meore msoflio omi axali damTavre-
buli iyo, xalxs ekonomikurad uWirda. CvenTan kursze iyvnen
xelmokle studentebi, romlebsac b-ni vladimeri materialur
254
daxmarebas uwevda. bevri SemTxveva vici, roca b-nma vladimerma
gaWirvebul students niSani auwia, raTa mas stipendia ar dae-
karga. igi kargad xatavda. misi naambobidan vici, rom mis umcros
Zmas, SemdgomSi saxalxo mxatvars b-n uCas xatva man Seaswavla.
mis mier Sesrulebuli cnobili mecnieris dimitri uznaZis
portreti dResac hkidia saq. fizaRzrdisa da sportis akademiis
pedagogikis da fsiqologiis kaTedris oTaxSi. man igi kaTedras
saCuqrad gadasca.
b-ni vladimeri suliT xorcamde patrioti iyo. maxsovs, 1956
wlis martis mRelvare dReebSi, rodesac qarTvelma axalgazrdo-
bam xma aimaRla moskovis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg i.stalinis
kultTan dakavSirebiT, masTan erTad viyaviT stalinis ZeglTan,
sadac yoveldRiurad xalxmravali mitingebi imarTeboda. rodes-
ac vuyurebdiT axalgazrdobis gmirul SemarTebas, am movleniT
aRtacebulma vladimerma miTxra: „ar megona, Tu aseTi kargi, meb-
rZoli axalgazrdoba gvyavdao”.
metad sawyeni da guldasawyvetia, rom b-ni vladimeri saq.
sax. fizkulturis institutSi mravali aTeuli wlis pedagogiu-
ri moRvaweobis Semdeg (igi institutis daarsebis pirveli dRi-
danve muSaobda iq) institutis maSindelma xelmZRvanelobam ise
gauSva pensiaze, rom am damsaxurebul da amagdar adamians, mra-
vali Taobis aRmzrdels, madlobac ki ar uTxra _ ubralo gaci-
lebac ar mouwyviaT. Cven, fizkulturis institutis 1952 wlis
kursdamTavrebulebma, 1962 wlidan daviwyeT yovel 5 weliwadSi
erTxel Sekreba. Cveni sayvareli da sapatio stumari mudam b-ni
lado iyo. 25 weliwadi grZeldeboda es Sekrebebi. bolos 1977
wels SevikribeT da Zalian gavixareT, radgan Cveni institutis
damTavrebidan 25 wlis iubiles b-n lados dabadebidan 90 wlis
iubile daemTxva. iqve movilaparakeT, rom 1982 wlis ivnisSi
Sesabamisi 30 da 95 wlis iubileebi erTad aRgveniSna. 1977 wels
b-n lados 90 wlis iubile, Tu ar vcdebi, pedagogiurma
sazogadoebam gadauxada, sadac misi Tanatoli da megobari, didi
mecnieri akaki SaniZe misalmebisas gadaexvia da uTxra: „Cemo
lado, Cven 100 wlis iubile erTad unda vizeimoTo”. b-nma akaki
SaniZem 100 weli marTlac izeima, magram b-ni lado am TariRs,
samwuxarod, ver moeswro, _ igi 1981 wlis 8 noembers gardaicva-
la. me im dros moskovSi viyavi da am Zvirfasi adamianis dakr-
Zalvas ver daveswari. misma qaliSvilma, q-nma elisom miTxra:
„Znelia mamis sikvdili, magram mamaCemi tkbili kaci iyo da am
qveynidanac tkbilad wavidao”. igi Tbilisis „dinamos” matCs
televiziiT adevnebda Tvals, Sesvenebisas cudad Seiqna, Tavis
oTaxSi gavida, wamowva, erTi amoioxra da suli daliao”. b-ni
lados gardacvalebam, rogorc yvelas, aseve Cven, mis yofil
studentebs, didad dagvwyvita guli. b-ni vladimerisTana adami-
anebs daviwyeba ar uweriaT. igi samudamod darCa Cvens gulsa da
mexsierebaSi kacuri kacis, didi pedagogis, didi moqalaqisa da
humanistis brwyinvale nimuSad.

SoTa buaZe
saq. fiz. aRzrdisa da
sportis akademiis docenti
Tbilisi, 2001 w. oqtomberi.

255
 sarCevi
Semdgenlisagan...................................................................................................................................................... 3
lado jafariZe ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
gogla leoniZe...................................................................................................................................................... 5
Cemi megobrebi da xelisSemwyobni, Cemi „mogonebebis“ weris Sefebi! ......... 7
mcire mogoneba onis skolasa da mis pedagogebze........................................................... 8
moskovi Cemi droisa. universiteti .................................................................................................. 9
moskovis qarTuli saTvistomo........................................................................................................... 21
rac Cemi TvaliT minaxavs ........................................................................................................................ 33
lev tolstois dakrZalvaze ................................................................................................................36
andria razmaZe.....................................................................................................................................................42
maiakovskebis ojaxi........................................................................................................................................45
Sexvedra kote marjaniSvilTan moskovSi................................................................................ 51
i.WavWavaZisa da al.yazbegis TxzulebaTa Targmanis istoriisaTvis........... 53
yvelaferi xalxs misca... ...........................................................................................................................56
Sexvedra anatol fransTan....................................................................................................................60
Sexvedrebi kompozitor dimitri arayiSvilTan................................................................65
mcire mogoneba knut hamsunze .............................................................................................................79
Cemi scenismoyvareoba...................................................................................................................................85
maqsim gorki qalaq onSi ...........................................................................................................................95
akakisTan erTad raWa-leCxumSi..........................................................................................................98
foTis periodi..................................................................................................................................................103
TaTbirze mefisnacvalTan ..................................................................................................................... 112
irodion evdoSvili foTSi.................................................................................................................. 118
Jurnali „cisferi yanwebi“ ...................................................................................................................122
grigol robaqiZe.............................................................................................................................................134
Cemi drois Tbilisi.....................................................................................................................................147
CargalSi.................................................................................................................................................................. 153
SovSi daviT kakabaZesTan erTad.....................................................................................................168
nikoloz baraTaSvilis neStis gadasveneba didubidan mTawmindaze.........172
gigo gabaSvilis erTi ucnobi namuSevris gamo ..............................................................173
i.m. sarkizov-serazini.................................................................................................................................176
Sio mRvimeli.......................................................................................................................................................179
Sexvedrebi ioseb imedaSvilTan....................................................................................................... 181
ioseb griSaSvili...........................................................................................................................................187
ipolite varTagava ....................................................................................................................................... 203
saqarTvelos damoukidebloba ......................................................................................................... 206
damoukideblobis dakargva.................................................................................................................. 209
memedbegis ambavi..............................................................................................................................................214
igdiri ........................................................................................................................................................................216
parmen caxeli.....................................................................................................................................................218
Teofile xuskivaZe ....................................................................................................................................... 222
valodia okujava ........................................................................................................................................... 224
griSa cxakaia..................................................................................................................................................... 225
iliko qurxuli ............................................................................................................................................... 227
gazeT ,,TbilisSi” dabeWdili erTi werilis avtoris mezRapreoba,
anu cota ram aleqsandre cimakuriZeze .......................................................................... 229
grigol mesxis damokidebuleba uCa jafariZis naxatebisadmi ........................231
rafiel erisTavis qoneba .......................................................................................................................231
gulbaT _ qarTuli legenda...............................................................................................................233
simon jafariZe (sofeli xirxonisi) .......................................................................................... 234
uCa jafariZis naambobi.............................................................................................................................235
mcire Canawerebi ............................................................................................................................................. 236
kuriozebi .............................................................................................................................................................. 239
ikorTis magaliTiT..................................................................................................................................... 248
damateba................................................................................................................................................................... 249

256