http://www.essex.ac.uk/chimera/
CHIMERA WORKING PAPER NUMBER: 2006-04
CWP-2006-04-Soc-Cap-Qol-Empl-ICTs.doc
Social Capital, Quality of Life, Employment and ICTs
Chimera Working Paper Number: 2006-04Dr Paul Stoneman, Chimera, University of Essex Dr Ben Anderson, Chimera, University of Essex Contact: pstone@essex.ac.uk
This paper analyses the effects of social capital and aspects of quality of life and ICT skills andusage on the chances of gaining employment and, conversely, on the durations of unemploymentspells. Further, it analyses the effects of gaining employment and of unemployment durations onsocial capital and quality of life in the UK. To do this we use two longitudinal household paneldatasets – the 14 wave British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and the 2 wave e-Living survey.Whilst the former provides extensive information on social capital and quality of life, the latter focuses on ICTs. We therefore use the BHPS to develop a comprehensive model linking socialcapital, quality of life and employment but use e-Living to model the relationship between these andICT usage. We then apply the BHPS model to the rather limited European Community HouseholdPanel (ECHP) dataset in order to compare the results across a number of European countries.Overall we find that increased levels of social capital and quality of life aspects increases thechances of finding employment and reduce the duration of unemployment spells. Interestingly, giventhe current policy focus certainly at EU level, we do not find that increased ICT skill leads to greater chances of finding employment. On the other hand getting a job increases levels of social capital butlonger unemployment durations decrease social capital and also aspects of quality of life.
This research was supported by the EU FP6 IST Programme Special Support Action ‘SOCQUIT’ (FP6-507753, www.socquit.net)
CHIMERA WORKING PAPER NUMBER: 2006-04
CWP-2006-04-Soc-Cap-Qol-Empl-ICTs.doc© 2006, University of Essexhttp://www.essex.ac.uk/chimera/Page 2 of 45
Chimera
The work reported in this paper is part of the scientific programme of Chimera, the Institute for Socio-technical Innovation and Research at the University of Essex.Chimera is a post-disciplinary institute employing social scientists, computer scientists, engineers,anthropologists, psychologists, HCI practitioners and interface designers specialising in ‘socio-technical’research and consulting. It was set up in April 2002 at Adastral Park, Suffolk as a research institute of theUniversity of Essex.Chimera carries out research which combines the social and technological sciences to:
•
generate insights into personal and social use of information and communication technologies,
•
ground technological innovation in an understanding of people,
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provide analysis to support evidence-based 'information society' strategies and policies in the public andcommercial domain.We achieve this through a balanced programme of basic and applied research projects, consultancy andpublication. For more information seewww.essex.ac.uk/chimera
Contacting Chimera
ChimeraInstitute of Socio-Technical Innovation and ResearchRoss Building (PP1, ROS-IP)Adastral Park,Martlesham Heath,Ipswich, Suffolk,IP5 3REUKTel: +44 (01473) 632238Fax: +44 (01473) 614936E-mail: chimera@essex.ac.ukWeb:http://www.essex.ac.uk/chimera/
Citing This Paper
Readers wishing to cite this paper are asked to use the following form of words:Stoneman, P., and Anderson, B., (2006) ‘Social Capital, Quality of Life, Employment and ICTs’, ChimeraWorking Paper 2006-04. Ipswich: University of Essex.For an on-line version of this working paper and others in the series go towww.essex.ac.uk/chimera/publications.html © 2006, University of EssexAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, withoutthe prior permission of the Director, Chimera.
CHIMERA WORKING PAPER NUMBER: 2006-04
CWP-2006-04-Soc-Cap-Qol-Empl-ICTs.doc© 2006, University of Essexhttp://www.essex.ac.uk/chimera/Page 3 of 45
Table of Contents1
Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................4
2
Background.......................................................................................................................................................4
2.1
The Macro and Micro Economics of Labour Markets...............................................................................4
2.2
The Impact of Labour Market Changes at the Individual Level................................................................7
3
The Links Between ICT usage, Social Capital, Quality of Life, and Employment.................................8
3.1
ICT Usage and Employment.......................................................................................................................8
3.2
Social Capital and Employment...............................................................................................................10
3.3
Quality of Life and Employment...............................................................................................................11
4
Questions and Hypotheses..........................................................................................................................12
5
Measuring Employment Status and Weeks Spent Unemployed............................................................13
6
Data and Coding.............................................................................................................................................13
7
Model Specifications.....................................................................................................................................14
8
Results.............................................................................................................................................................16
8.1
The factors affecting getting a job............................................................................................................16
8.2
The factors affecting number of weeks unemployed..............................................................................18
8.3
The effect of getting a job on social capital, QoL, and ICTs...................................................................20
8.4
The effects of the number of weeks unemployed on social capital and QoL........................................25
9
Conclusions....................................................................................................................................................31
9.1
Getting in to work.......................................................................................................................................32
9.2
The effect of work......................................................................................................................................32
9.3
The Relative Importance of Each Variable and Dynamics.....................................................................32
10
References.....................................................................................................................................................33
Annex A
Coding details....................................................................................................................................38
A.1
Coding........................................................................................................................................................38
Annex B
Policy Interviewees: key points
...........................................................................................................39
B.1
Peter Huta, Department of Communications, Information Technology, and The Arts, Australia........39
B.2
Richard Turl: Social Exclusion Unit, Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, UK.....................................39
Annex C
Further Data.......................................................................................................................................41
C.1
Number of Voluntary Acts BY Gender and Age Group..........................................................................41
C.2
ECHP Data Results..................................................................................................................................41
C.3
Composite Models....................................................................................................................................42
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Social Capital, Quality of Life, Employment and ICTs
Stoneman, P. and Anderson, B., (2006) Social Capital, Quality of Life, Employment and ICTs. Chimera Working Paper 2006-04. Ipswich: University of Essex
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