eexxttr r eemmeellyyeef f f f eeccttiivveeiinnaar r eeaasswwhheer r eetthheep pr r oovviissiioonn oof f aahhiigghhddeeggr r eeeeoof f sseeccuur r iittyyiissaanniissssuuee.. The analysis of fingerprints for matching purposes generally requires thecomparison of several features of the print pattern. These include patterns, which areaggregate characteristics of ridges, and minutia points, which are unique features found withinthe patterns. It is also necessary to know thestructure and properties of human skin in order to successfully employ some of the imagingtechnologies.
1.1Patterns:
The three basic patterns of fingerprint ridges arethe arch, loop, and whorl. An arch is a patternwhere the ridges enter from one side of thefinger, rise in the center forming an arc, and thenexit the other side of the finger. The loop is a pattern where the ridges enter from one side of afinger, form a curve, and tend to exit from thesame side they enter. In the whorl pattern, ridgesform circularly around a central point on thefinger. Scientists have found that familymembers often share the same generalfingerprint patterns, leading to the belief thatthese patterns are inherited.Fig1.1: The arch patternFig1.2: The loop patternFig1.3: The whorl pattern
1.2 Minutia features:
The major features of fingerprint ridges are:ridge ending, bifurcation, and short ridge (or dot). The ridge ending is the point at which aridge terminates. Bifurcations are points at whicha single ridge splits into two ridges. Short ridges(or dots) are ridges which are significantlyshorter than the average ridge length on thefingerprint. Minutiae and patterns are veryimportant in the analysis of fingerprints since notwo fingers have been shown to be identical.FFiigg11..44::R R iiddggeeeennddiinngg.. FFiigg11..55::BBiif f uur r ccaattiioonn
..
Fig 1.6: Short RidgeAAssmmooootthhllyyf f lloowwiinnggp paatttteer r nnf f oor r mmeeddb byy aalltteer r nnaattiinnggccr r eessttss((r r iiddggeess))aannddttr r oouugghhss((vvaalllleeyyss)) oonntthheep paallmmaar r aass p peeccttoof f hhaannddiissccaalllleeddaa p paallmm p pr r iinntt..FFoor r mmaattiioonnoof f aap paallmm p pr r iinnttddee p peennddssoonn tthheeiinniittiiaallccoonnddiittiioonnssoof f tthheeeemm b br r yyoonniiccmmeessooddeer r mm f f r r oommwwhhiicchhtthheeyyddeevveelloo p p..TThheep paatttteer r nnoonnp puull p poof f eeaacchhtteer r mmiinnaallp phhaallaannxxiissccoonnssiiddeer r eeddaassaann iinnddiivviidduuaallp paatttteer r nnaannddiissccoommmmoonnllyyr r eef f eer r r r eeddttooaass aa
f f iinnggeer r p pr r iinnt t
..AAf f iinnggeer r p pr r iinnttiissb beelliieevveeddttoob bee uunniiqquueettooeeaacchhp peer r ssoonn((aannddeeaacchhf f iinnggeer r ))22.. FFiinnggeer r p pr r iinnttssoof f eevveenniiddeennttiiccaallttwwiinnssaar r eeddiif f f f eer r eenntt.. FFiinnggeer r p pr r iinnttssaar r eeoonneeoof f tthheemmoossttmmaattuur r ee b biioommeettr r iicctteecchhnnoollooggiieessaannddaar r eeccoonnssiiddeer r eedd lleeggiittiimmaatteep pr r oooof f ssoof f eevviiddeenncceeiinnccoouur r ttssoof f llaawwaallll oovveer r tthheewwoor r lldd..FFiinnggeer r p pr r iinnttssaar r ee,,tthheer r eef f oor r ee,,uusseedd
(IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,Vol. 9, No. 9, September 201152http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ISSN 1947-5500
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A Method for Fingerprint Authentication for ATM Based Banking Application
Fingerprint authentication is widely used in various authentication applications. It is because that fingerprints can achieve the best balance among authentication performance, cost, size of device and ease of use. With identity fraud in our society…
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