TP01 Cics 04

File Handling & Temporary
Storage
Day4
Objectives
• Access Methods
– VSAM
– BDAM
• VSAM Considerations
– Random access
– Sequential access
• Temporary Storage Control
– Commands to read, write and delete
– Design considerations
– Examples
• Transient Data Control
– Intrapartition TD queues
– Extrapartition TD queues
– Commands to read, write and delete
– Examples
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Technologies Ltd Version No: 1.0
CICS File Control
• VSAM
– Allows read, browse, update and delete operations
• BDAM
– Allows read, browse and update only
– They are less efficient than VSAM
– Can be replaced by a relative record VSAM dataset or ESDS addressed by
RBA

Types of VSAM Files
• ESDS - Entry Sequenced Data Set

• KSDS - Key Sequential Data Set
• RRDS - Relative Record Data Set

Alternate Indexes in VSAM
• Accessing same set of records in different ways

• Any number of alternate keys
• Alternate keys need not be unique
• Only KSDS and ESDS can have alternate keys

Random access - READ
MOVE +80 TO WS-EMP-REC-LEN.

MOVE ‘10000’ TO WS-EMP-REC-KEY.
MOVE 5 TO WS-EMP-KEY-LEN.
EXEC CICS READ
FILE (‘EMPFILE1’)
INTO (WS-EMP-REC)
LENGTH (WS-EMP-REC-LEN)
RIDFLD (WS-EMP-REC-KEY)
KEYLENGTH (WS-EMP-KEY-LEN)
END-EXEC.
• Places the record in WS-EMP-REC

GENERIC READ

EXEC CICS READ
FILE (‘EMPFILE1’)
INTO (WS-EMP-REC)
GENERIC
END-EXEC.

READ Continues...
• READ COMMAND OPTIONS
– EQUAL
– GTEQ
– UPDATE
• READ-UPDATE/REWRITE
– Maintains exclusive control on the resource(on CI in case of
VSAM file) until
• REWRITE is done
• Transaction ends normally or abnormally
• Control over resource is released by program using UNLOCK command.

REWRITE
• To rewrite records into file.
EXEC CICS REWRITE
FILE (‘EMPFILE’)
FROM (WS-EMP-REC)
END-EXEC.
• This command updates a record.

• Prior to this command the record must be read
with a READ UPDATE command.

WRITE
• To write records into file.
EXEC CICS WRITE
FROM (WS-EMP-REC)
END-EXEC.

DELETE
• Read the record with UPDATE option and then
delete it with the following command.
EXEC CICS DELETE
FILE(‘EMPFILE’)
END-EXEC.
• Use the following command to delete the record

directly.
MOVE ‘12345’ TO EMP-REC-KEY.
EXEC CICS DELETE
FILE(‘EMPFILE’)
RIDFLD (EMP-REC-KEY)
END-EXEC.
GROUP DELETE
• MOVE ‘11’ TO WS-EMP-REC-KEY.
• MOVE 2 TO WS-EMP-KEY-LEN.
EXEC CICS DELETE

GENERIC
NUMREC (WS-NUM-REC-DEL)
END-EXEC.

Transaction deadlocks
• Exclusive control on CI.
• Exclusive control may cause transaction

deadlocks. Make sure to use UNLOCK when
you are not rewriting
• In pseudo-conversation, at the end of

transaction, all locks are released.

Sequential access - Browsing
• STARTBR
• READNEXT
• READPREV
• RESETBR
• ENDBR

STARTBR
• This establishes a browse session.
EXEC CICS STARTBR

KEYLENGTH(KEY-LEN)
GTEQ/EQUAL/GENERIC
END-EXEC.

READNEXT/READPREV
EXEC CICS READNEXT/READPREV

INTO (EMP-REC)
LENGTH (EMP-REC-LEN)
END-EXEC.

RESETBR
• Establish a new browsing position with in the

same browse.
MOVE ‘12345’ TO EMP-REC-KEY.

EXEC CICS RESETBR
GTEQ
END-EXEC.

ENDBR
• End browse operation

EXEC CICS ENDBR
END-EXEC.

Sequential access – VSAM ESDS
Move Low-values to VSAM-ESDS-RBA
EXEC CICS STARTBR

DATASET (‘filename’)
RIDFLD(ESDS-RBA)
RBA
EQUAL EXEC CICS READNEXT
END-EXEC DATASET (‘filename’)
INTO(FILE-AREA)
RIDFLD(ESDS-RBA)
LENGTH(WS-LEN)
RBA
END-EXEC
Temporary Storage
• COMMAREA (Communication Area)

• CWA (Common Work Area)
• TWA (Transaction Work Area)
• TSQ (Temporary Storage Queue)
• TDQ (Transient Data Queue)

TSQ Commands
• WRITEQ TS
EXEC CICS WRITEQ TS

QUEUE (qname)
FROM (recarea)
LENGTH (length)
option (option)…
END-EXEC.

TSQ Commands
• READQ TS
EXEC CICS READQ TS

QUEUE (qname)
INTO (recarea)
LENGTH (length)
option
END-EXEC

TSQ Commands
• DELETEQ TS
EXEC CICS DELETEQ TS

QUEUE (qname)
END-EXEC.

Transient Data Queue
• 2 types of TDQ
– Intra-partition
– Extra-partition
• Difference between TDQ and TSQ

– TDQ to be defined in DCT
– No modify or Rewrite option in TDQ
– TDQ can be read only sequentially
– A destructive read is performed on TDQ
– A trigger can be set on Intrapartition TDQ
– No counterpart to the MAIN option available in TSQ

TDQ Commands
EXEC CICS WRITEQ TD EXEC CICS READQ TD
QUEUE (qname) QUEUE (qname)
FROM (recarea) INTO (recarea)
LENGTH (length) LENGTH (length)
END-EXEC END-EXEC
DFHDCT entry
EXEC CICS DELETEQ TD TYPE=INTRA

QUEUE (qname) DESTID=qname
END-EXEC TRANSID=EMPL
TRIGLEV=2000

Summary
• What is VSAM?
• What are the types of VSAM files?
• When do transaction deadlocks happen and how
to avoid?
• What are the commands for sequential access?
• How is sequential access of ESDS done?
• What is the difference between TSQ and TDQ?
• What are the commands used to access TSQ and
TDQ?

Thank You!


TP01 Cics 04

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File Handling & Temporary

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• ESDS - Entry Sequenced Data Set

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• Accessing same set of records in different ways

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MOVE +80 TO WS-EMP-REC-LEN.

• Places the record in WS-EMP-REC

MOVE +80 TO WS-EMP-REC-LEN.

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• This command updates a record.

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• Use the following command to delete the record

EXEC CICS DELETE

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• Exclusive control may cause transaction

• In pseudo-conversation, at the end of

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EXEC CICS STARTBR

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EXEC CICS READNEXT/READPREV

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• Establish a new browsing position with in the

MOVE ‘12345’ TO EMP-REC-KEY.

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• End browse operation

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EXEC CICS STARTBR

• COMMAREA (Communication Area)

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EXEC CICS WRITEQ TS

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EXEC CICS READQ TS

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EXEC CICS DELETEQ TS

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• Difference between TDQ and TSQ

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EXEC CICS DELETEQ TD TYPE=INTRA

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