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    सरकार सही नीतिद्वारा सञ्चालित भएन खड्गबहादुर विश्वकर्मा 'प्रकाण्ड', पोलिटब्यूरो सदस्य- एनेकपा माओवादी ० पार्टीको गुटगत भेला रोकिएको छ, के साच्चै पार्टीभित्रको विवाद टुङ्गएिकै हो ? हाम्रो पार्टी अध्यक्षले यही २९ गते भेला बोलाएको सुनियो र त्यो भेला राष्ट्रिय भेला हो भन्ने बाहिर प्रचारबाजी गरिएको थियो । त्यसबारेमा बुझ्दा अध्यक्षले आˆनो धारको, आˆनो गुटको भेला बोलाएको थाहा पाइयो र त्यसैलाई राष्ट्रिय भेला भनेर देशैभरि प्रचारबाजी गरिएको रहेछ र सञ्चार माध्यममा पनि त्यही ढङ्गले प्रचार गरिएको रहेछ । त्यो थाहा पाइसकेपछि हामीले किरणजीमार्फत्, बादलजीमार्फत् र उहाहरू दुवैको संयुक्त रूपमा पनि यो आˆनो समूहको भेला बोलाएर राष्ट्रिय भेला भनेर प्रचारबाजी गर्नु वैचारिक दृष्टिले, नीतिगत दृष्टिले पनि गलत भयो । संगठनको दृष्टिले अध्यक्षले नै यस्तो भेला गर्न थालेपछि पार्टी फुटतिर जान्छ र यसको सम्पूर्ण दोष अध्यक्षलाई जान्छ । समूहको भेला बोलाएर राष्ट्रिय भेलाको प्रचारबाजी गर्नु आफैामा अनैतिक र कायरता हो । त्यसकारण त्यो गलत थियो भन्यौ र भेला रोकिएको छ । मूल कुरा त असोज १३ गते केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठक तोकिएको थियो । त्योबीचमा दशैा पनि परेको र अध्यक्ष आपैले अनुरोध गरेर पार्टीभित्रको स्थिति अलि गम्भीर भयो, यसलाई सकारात्मक दिशातिर लैजानको निम्ति केही अभ्यासहरू गर्नुपर्ने भएकोले केही समय आवश्यक भयो भनेर दशैापछि बैठक गरौ भनेर उहा आपैले समय माग्नु भएको हो । योबीचमा केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको तयारी गरिरहनु भएको होला भनेको त अध्यक्ष आपैले गुटगत भेला बोलाउनु भएछ । हामी त केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको तयारीमा पो जुट्ने हो र केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकमा छलफल गरेर पार्टीभित्रका मतमतान्तर र विवादका विषयहरूमा एउटा निचोड निकालौ भन्नेमा थियौ । पार्टी कार्यकर्ता र आमजनताले चाहेको कुरा पनि यही थियो । त्यसैले यही कातिक १७ गते केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठक बस्ने र योबीचमा केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको लागि सकारात्मक पहल गर्ने, सकारात्मक अभिव्यक्ति दिने, सकारात्मक क्रियाकलापहरू अगाडि बढाउने सहमति भएको छ । यसले निश्चित रूपमा विगतको स्थितिबाट एउटा सकारात्मक दिशातिर गएको छ । अब केन्द्रीय समितिबाट यसले कस्तो रूप लिन्छ ? त्यो हेर्न बाकी नै छ । हामी एउटा जिम्मेवार क्रान्तिकारी भएकाले केन्द्रीय समितिमा पार्टीभित्रका समस्याहरूमा छलफल भई त्यसको क्रान्तिकारी समाधान निस्कन्छ भन्नेमा ढुक्क छौा । ० सरकारका बहालवाला मन्त्रीले नै देश टुक्रन सक्ने सार्वजनिक अभिव्यक्ति दिएका छन् । यस विषयमा के भन्नुहुन्छ ? यो सरकार जुन जगमा बन्यो, जसलाई चार बुादे भनिन्छ । चार बुादेलाई पढ्दा र चार बुादेको अन्तरवस्तुलाई हेर्दा त्यसैको व्यवहारिक अभिव्यक्तिबाहेक रक्षामन्त्री शरत्सिंह भण्डारीले अभिव्यक्तिलाई अर्को रूपमा लिनु कि त मूर्खाता हुन्छ कि बेइमानी वा बदमासी हुन्छ । यो सरकार जनाधारको जग र परिवर्तनकामी राजनीतिक पार्टीको जगभन्दा पृथक जगबाट बनेको छ, जसले अहिलेका राष्ट्रिय मुद्दा जनताका राष्ट्रिय आकांक्षालाई सम्बोधन गर्न सक्दैन भन्ने कुरा नीतिगत दृष्टिले, सैद्धान्तिक दृष्टिले त्यसैबेला प्रष्ट भइसकेको कुरा हो । अहिले पछिल्लो दिनमा व्यवहारिक दृष्टिले पूरा भएको घटनाक्रम मात्र हो । चार बुादेको जगमा सरकार गठन र सरकारले गरेका कतिपय आपत्तिजनक क्रियाकलापहरू, घटनाहरू जसले आमजनतालाई चिन्तित र तरङ्गति बनाएको छ । ० के सरकारको औचित्य समाप्त भएको भन्न खोज्नु भएको हो ? योबीचका सबै घटनाक्रम हेर्दा सरकारको अगाडि गम्भीर प्रश्न खडा भएको देखिन्छ । यो सामान्य होइन । ० अब माओवादीको रणनीतिचाहिा कस्तो हुन्छ त ? पहिलो कुरा पार्टीभित्रको बहसलाई व्यापक बनाउाछौ । यसलाई रूपान्तरणको दिशातिर अगाडि बढाई पार्टीलाई एकीकृत बनाएर अगाडि बढ्छौ । अर्को कुरा, सरकारको विषय पछिल्लो चरणमा जुन कुराहरू उठिरहेका छन्, ती विषयलाई पनि पार्टीको केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकमा छलफल गछौ । केन्द्रीय समितिले नै निश्चित धारणा निर्माण गर्छ र त्यहीअनुसार हामी अगाडि बढ्छौ । ० पार्टीकै नेतृत्वमा सरकार गठन भएको छ, पार्टीभित्र व्यापक विवाद छ, कार्यकर्ताहरू निरास छन्, जनताहरू आक्रान्त छन्, कसरी अगाडि बढ्नु हुन्छ ? हामीले माधव नेपालको सरकारलाई कठ्पुतली भन्या, दलाल भन्यौ, जसले नेपालमा राजनीतिक समस्याको पनि थुप्रो लगायो, जनजीवीका, जनताका सवाललाई असरल्ल पार्यो र त्यस सरकारलाई हटायौा । त्यसपछि झलनाथको नेतृत्वमा सरकार बनायौ । झलनाथको सरकारले सकारात्मक कामहरू अगाडि बढाउादैथ्यो तर राजनीतिक स्थितिमा जटिलता आएकोले उहाले राजीनामा दिनुपर्यो । पछि हाम्रै पार्टीको उपाध्यक्ष डा. बाबुराम भट्टराईको नेतृत्वमा सरकार बन्यो । हाम्रै पार्टीको नेतृत्वमा बनेको सरकारको कारण देशको राजनीतिक मुद्दा र जनताका

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    सरकार सही नीतिद्वारा सञ्चालित भएन खड्गबहादुर विश्वकर्मा 'प्रकाण्ड', पोलिटब्यूरो सदस्य- एनेकपा माओवादी ० पार्टीको गुटगत भेला रोकिएको छ, के साच्चै पार्टीभित्रको विवाद टुङ्गएिकै हो ? हाम्रो पार्टी अध्यक्षले यही २९ गते भेला बोलाएको सुनियो र त्यो भेला राष्ट्रिय भेला हो भन्ने बाहिर प्रचारबाजी गरिएको थियो । त्यसबारेमा बुझ्दा अध्यक्षले आˆनो धारको, आˆनो गुटको भेला बोलाएको थाहा पाइयो र त्यसैलाई राष्ट्रिय भेला भनेर देशैभरि प्रचारबाजी गरिएको रहेछ र सञ्चार माध्यममा पनि त्यही ढङ्गले प्रचार गरिएको रहेछ । त्यो थाहा पाइसकेपछि हामीले किरणजीमार्फत्, बादलजीमार्फत् र उहाहरू दुवैको संयुक्त रूपमा पनि यो आˆनो समूहको भेला बोलाएर राष्ट्रिय भेला भनेर प्रचारबाजी गर्नु वैचारिक दृष्टिले, नीतिगत दृष्टिले पनि गलत भयो । संगठनको दृष्टिले अध्यक्षले नै यस्तो भेला गर्न थालेपछि पार्टी फुटतिर जान्छ र यसको सम्पूर्ण दोष अध्यक्षलाई जान्छ । समूहको भेला बोलाएर राष्ट्रिय भेलाको प्रचारबाजी गर्नु आफैामा अनैतिक र कायरता हो । त्यसकारण त्यो गलत थियो भन्यौ र भेला रोकिएको छ । मूल कुरा त असोज १३ गते केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठक तोकिएको थियो । त्योबीचमा दशैा पनि परेको र अध्यक्ष आपैले अनुरोध गरेर पार्टीभित्रको स्थिति अलि गम्भीर भयो, यसलाई सकारात्मक दिशातिर लैजानको निम्ति केही अभ्यासहरू गर्नुपर्ने भएकोले केही समय आवश्यक भयो भनेर दशैापछि बैठक गरौ भनेर उहा आपैले समय माग्नु भएको हो । योबीचमा केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको तयारी गरिरहनु भएको होला भनेको त अध्यक्ष आपैले गुटगत भेला बोलाउनु भएछ । हामी त केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको तयारीमा पो जुट्ने हो र केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकमा छलफल गरेर पार्टीभित्रका मतमतान्तर र विवादका विषयहरूमा एउटा निचोड निकालौ भन्नेमा थियौ । पार्टी कार्यकर्ता र आमजनताले चाहेको कुरा पनि यही थियो । त्यसैले यही कातिक १७ गते केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठक बस्ने र योबीचमा केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको लागि सकारात्मक पहल गर्ने, सकारात्मक अभिव्यक्ति दिने, सकारात्मक क्रियाकलापहरू अगाडि बढाउने सहमति भएको छ । यसले निश्चित रूपमा विगतको स्थितिबाट एउटा सकारात्मक दिशातिर गएको छ । अब केन्द्रीय समितिबाट यसले कस्तो रूप लिन्छ ? त्यो हेर्न बाकी नै छ । हामी एउटा जिम्मेवार क्रान्तिकारी भएकाले केन्द्रीय समितिमा पार्टीभित्रका समस्याहरूमा छलफल भई त्यसको क्रान्तिकारी समाधान निस्कन्छ भन्नेमा ढुक्क छौा । ० सरकारका बहालवाला मन्त्रीले नै देश टुक्रन सक्ने सार्वजनिक अभिव्यक्ति दिएका छन् । यस विषयमा के भन्नुहुन्छ ? यो सरकार जुन जगमा बन्यो, जसलाई चार बुादे भनिन्छ । चार बुादेलाई पढ्दा र चार बुादेको अन्तरवस्तुलाई हेर्दा त्यसैको व्यवहारिक अभिव्यक्तिबाहेक रक्षामन्त्री शरत्सिंह भण्डारीले अभिव्यक्तिलाई अर्को रूपमा लिनु कि त मूर्खाता हुन्छ कि बेइमानी वा बदमासी हुन्छ । यो सरकार जनाधारको जग र परिवर्तनकामी राजनीतिक पार्टीको जगभन्दा पृथक जगबाट बनेको छ, जसले अहिलेका राष्ट्रिय मुद्दा जनताका राष्ट्रिय आकांक्षालाई सम्बोधन गर्न सक्दैन भन्ने कुरा नीतिगत दृष्टिले, सैद्धान्तिक दृष्टिले त्यसैबेला प्रष्ट भइसकेको कुरा हो । अहिले पछिल्लो दिनमा व्यवहारिक दृष्टिले पूरा भएको घटनाक्रम मात्र हो । चार बुादेको जगमा सरकार गठन र सरकारले गरेका कतिपय आपत्तिजनक क्रियाकलापहरू, घटनाहरू जसले आमजनतालाई चिन्तित र तरङ्गति बनाएको छ । ० के सरकारको औचित्य समाप्त भएको भन्न खोज्नु भएको हो ? योबीचका सबै घटनाक्रम हेर्दा सरकारको अगाडि गम्भीर प्रश्न खडा भएको देखिन्छ । यो सामान्य होइन । ० अब माओवादीको रणनीतिचाहिा कस्तो हुन्छ त ? पहिलो कुरा पार्टीभित्रको बहसलाई व्यापक बनाउाछौ । यसलाई रूपान्तरणको दिशातिर अगाडि बढाई पार्टीलाई एकीकृत बनाएर अगाडि बढ्छौ । अर्को कुरा, सरकारको विषय पछिल्लो चरणमा जुन कुराहरू उठिरहेका छन्, ती विषयलाई पनि पार्टीको केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकमा छलफल गछौ । केन्द्रीय समितिले नै निश्चित धारणा निर्माण गर्छ र त्यहीअनुसार हामी अगाडि बढ्छौ । ० पार्टीकै नेतृत्वमा सरकार गठन भएको छ, पार्टीभित्र व्यापक विवाद छ, कार्यकर्ताहरू निरास छन्, जनताहरू आक्रान्त छन्, कसरी अगाडि बढ्नु हुन्छ ? हामीले माधव नेपालको सरकारलाई कठ्पुतली भन्या, दलाल भन्यौ, जसले नेपालमा राजनीतिक समस्याको पनि थुप्रो लगायो, जनजीवीका, जनताका सवाललाई असरल्ल पार्यो र त्यस सरकारलाई हटायौा । त्यसपछि झलनाथको नेतृत्वमा सरकार बनायौ । झलनाथको सरकारले सकारात्मक कामहरू अगाडि बढाउादैथ्यो तर राजनीतिक स्थितिमा जटिलता आएकोले उहाले राजीनामा दिनुपर्यो । पछि हाम्रै पार्टीको उपाध्यक्ष डा. बाबुराम भट्टराईको नेतृत्वमा सरकार बन्यो । हाम्रै पार्टीको नेतृत्वमा बनेको सरकारको कारण देशको राजनीतिक मुद्दा र जनताका

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    सरकार सही नीतिद्वारा सञ्चालित भएन खड्गबहादुर विश्वकर्मा 'प्रकाण्ड', पोलिटब्यूरो सदस्य- एनेकपा माओवादी ० पार्टीको गुटगत भेला रोकिएको छ, के साच्चै पार्टीभित्रको विवाद टुङ्गएिकै हो ? हाम्रो पार्टी अध्यक्षले यही २९ गते भेला बोलाएको सुनियो र त्यो भेला राष्ट्रिय भेला हो भन्ने बाहिर प्रचारबाजी गरिएको थियो । त्यसबारेमा बुझ्दा अध्यक्षले आˆनो धारको, आˆनो गुटको भेला बोलाएको थाहा पाइयो र त्यसैलाई राष्ट्रिय भेला भनेर देशैभरि प्रचारबाजी गरिएको रहेछ र सञ्चार माध्यममा पनि त्यही ढङ्गले प्रचार गरिएको रहेछ । त्यो थाहा पाइसकेपछि हामीले किरणजीमार्फत्, बादलजीमार्फत् र उहाहरू दुवैको संयुक्त रूपमा पनि यो आˆनो समूहको भेला बोलाएर राष्ट्रिय भेला भनेर प्रचारबाजी गर्नु वैचारिक दृष्टिले, नीतिगत दृष्टिले पनि गलत भयो । संगठनको दृष्टिले अध्यक्षले नै यस्तो भेला गर्न थालेपछि पार्टी फुटतिर जान्छ र यसको सम्पूर्ण दोष अध्यक्षलाई जान्छ । समूहको भेला बोलाएर राष्ट्रिय भेलाको प्रचारबाजी गर्नु आफैामा अनैतिक र कायरता हो । त्यसकारण त्यो गलत थियो भन्यौ र भेला रोकिएको छ । मूल कुरा त असोज १३ गते केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठक तोकिएको थियो । त्योबीचमा दशैा पनि परेको र अध्यक्ष आपैले अनुरोध गरेर पार्टीभित्रको स्थिति अलि गम्भीर भयो, यसलाई सकारात्मक दिशातिर लैजानको निम्ति केही अभ्यासहरू गर्नुपर्ने भएकोले केही समय आवश्यक भयो भनेर दशैापछि बैठक गरौ भनेर उहा आपैले समय माग्नु भएको हो । योबीचमा केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको तयारी गरिरहनु भएको होला भनेको त अध्यक्ष आपैले गुटगत भेला बोलाउनु भएछ । हामी त केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको तयारीमा पो जुट्ने हो र केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकमा छलफल गरेर पार्टीभित्रका मतमतान्तर र विवादका विषयहरूमा एउटा निचोड निकालौ भन्नेमा थियौ । पार्टी कार्यकर्ता र आमजनताले चाहेको कुरा पनि यही थियो । त्यसैले यही कातिक १७ गते केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठक बस्ने र योबीचमा केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकको लागि सकारात्मक पहल गर्ने, सकारात्मक अभिव्यक्ति दिने, सकारात्मक क्रियाकलापहरू अगाडि बढाउने सहमति भएको छ । यसले निश्चित रूपमा विगतको स्थितिबाट एउटा सकारात्मक दिशातिर गएको छ । अब केन्द्रीय समितिबाट यसले कस्तो रूप लिन्छ ? त्यो हेर्न बाकी नै छ । हामी एउटा जिम्मेवार क्रान्तिकारी भएकाले केन्द्रीय समितिमा पार्टीभित्रका समस्याहरूमा छलफल भई त्यसको क्रान्तिकारी समाधान निस्कन्छ भन्नेमा ढुक्क छौा । ० सरकारका बहालवाला मन्त्रीले नै देश टुक्रन सक्ने सार्वजनिक अभिव्यक्ति दिएका छन् । यस विषयमा के भन्नुहुन्छ ? यो सरकार जुन जगमा बन्यो, जसलाई चार बुादे भनिन्छ । चार बुादेलाई पढ्दा र चार बुादेको अन्तरवस्तुलाई हेर्दा त्यसैको व्यवहारिक अभिव्यक्तिबाहेक रक्षामन्त्री शरत्सिंह भण्डारीले अभिव्यक्तिलाई अर्को रूपमा लिनु कि त मूर्खाता हुन्छ कि बेइमानी वा बदमासी हुन्छ । यो सरकार जनाधारको जग र परिवर्तनकामी राजनीतिक पार्टीको जगभन्दा पृथक जगबाट बनेको छ, जसले अहिलेका राष्ट्रिय मुद्दा जनताका राष्ट्रिय आकांक्षालाई सम्बोधन गर्न सक्दैन भन्ने कुरा नीतिगत दृष्टिले, सैद्धान्तिक दृष्टिले त्यसैबेला प्रष्ट भइसकेको कुरा हो । अहिले पछिल्लो दिनमा व्यवहारिक दृष्टिले पूरा भएको घटनाक्रम मात्र हो । चार बुादेको जगमा सरकार गठन र सरकारले गरेका कतिपय आपत्तिजनक क्रियाकलापहरू, घटनाहरू जसले आमजनतालाई चिन्तित र तरङ्गति बनाएको छ । ० के सरकारको औचित्य समाप्त भएको भन्न खोज्नु भएको हो ? योबीचका सबै घटनाक्रम हेर्दा सरकारको अगाडि गम्भीर प्रश्न खडा भएको देखिन्छ । यो सामान्य होइन । ० अब माओवादीको रणनीतिचाहिा कस्तो हुन्छ त ? पहिलो कुरा पार्टीभित्रको बहसलाई व्यापक बनाउाछौ । यसलाई रूपान्तरणको दिशातिर अगाडि बढाई पार्टीलाई एकीकृत बनाएर अगाडि बढ्छौ । अर्को कुरा, सरकारको विषय पछिल्लो चरणमा जुन कुराहरू उठिरहेका छन्, ती विषयलाई पनि पार्टीको केन्द्रीय समितिको बैठकमा छलफल गछौ । केन्द्रीय समितिले नै निश्चित धारणा निर्माण गर्छ र त्यहीअनुसार हामी अगाडि बढ्छौ । ० पार्टीकै नेतृत्वमा सरकार गठन भएको छ, पार्टीभित्र व्यापक विवाद छ, कार्यकर्ताहरू निरास छन्, जनताहरू आक्रान्त छन्, कसरी अगाडि बढ्नु हुन्छ ? हामीले माधव नेपालको सरकारलाई कठ्पुतली भन्या, दलाल भन्यौ, जसले नेपालमा राजनीतिक समस्याको पनि थुप्रो लगायो, जनजीवीका, जनताका सवाललाई असरल्ल पार्यो र त्यस सरकारलाई हटायौा । त्यसपछि झलनाथको नेतृत्वमा सरकार बनायौ । झलनाथको सरकारले सकारात्मक कामहरू अगाडि बढाउादैथ्यो तर राजनीतिक स्थितिमा जटिलता आएकोले उहाले राजीनामा दिनुपर्यो । पछि हाम्रै पार्टीको उपाध्यक्ष डा. बाबुराम भट्टराईको नेतृत्वमा सरकार बन्यो । हाम्रै पार्टीको नेतृत्वमा बनेको सरकारको कारण देशको राजनीतिक मुद्दा र जनताका

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    @)^* ;fn c;f]h @( ut] cfOtaf/ (Oct. 16, 2011)

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    ;/x xf] . Ps hgf ljb]zL hf] g]kfndf
    c7f/ jif{b]lv bftfsf] cfj/0fdf
    ;fdflhs e"ldsfdf b]lvPsf 5g\,
    pgsf] jf:tljs rl/q eg] ljNs'n
    km/s kfOPsf] 5 . bfg /sdsf]
    cfkm"v';L / ckf/bzL{ 9+uaf6 vr{
    ug{] cfbt a;]sf lt ljb]zL bftf
    hfkfgsf] 6f]lsof] ;x/ glhs}sf]
    xfbfgf] gu/jf;L ;'uflxsf] ;'ludf]tf]
    x'g\ . ;g\ !((# df lzIff, s[lifnufot
    If]qsf] ljsfzsf nflu eGb} ljleGg
    sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf] p2]Zo af]s]/
    g]kfn l5/]sf] P;LP hfkfg gfds
    cGt/f{li6o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf otLa]nf
    cToGt} ljjfbf:kb cj:yfdf b]lvPsf]
    dfq} geP/ sfg' g L sf/jfxLsf]
    bfo/fdf tflgg] kSsfkSsL ePsf] 5 .

    zgLaf/ g]kfn ko{6g af]8{ sfof{nosf


    sfuhkq rf]/]/ l;+v8fn] b'kof]u
    u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs eP klg odLs} wfs
    nufP/ pgn] r'/Lk"m/L b]vfpg yfn]sf
    5g\ . lgod cg';f/ af]8{ ;b:o
    af]8{ a}7s x'Fbf af]nfOG5 / c? a]nf
    cfpFb}gg\ . t/ u0f]z l;+v8f gfdsf
    z+sf:kb JolQm ;w} ko{6g af]8{df
    uP/ sd{rf/L xKsLbKsL u/]sf],
    sd{ r f/L s8\ s fpg] sfd u/] s f]
    sd{ r f/Lx ;' g fpF 5 g\ . af] 8 {
    sfof{Nfodf dfcf]jfbLsf] e/fO{ kIf
    / odLsf] lsr]g Sofljg]6df /x]sf]
    eGb} dfcf]jfbL eft[;+u7gsf] wfs
    nufpFb} lxF8]sf 5g\ l;+v8f . cfkm"
    8f afa'/fd e/fO{ / lxl;nf odLsf]
    lelqof lsr]g Sofljg]6sf] dfG5] x'F,
    / ;Nnfxsf/ ;d]t x'F eg]/ af]8{df
    pgn] km}nfPsf] cft+saf6 ;a}hgf
    jfSslbSs ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

    dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08;Fu u'NdL


    dxf]T;adf hah{:tL uP/ kms]k{ l5
    l;+v8f dfcf]jfbLsf kdf k|:t't ePsf
    lyP . t/ pgL;Fu dfcf]jfbL;Fu s'g}
    ;fOgf] gePsf] eGb} k"j{ ko{6g dGqL
    v8\uaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{n] l;+v8fnfO{
    dGqfno k|jz
    ] d} /f]s nufOlbPsf lyP .
    l;+v8fn] ko{6g af]8s
    { f] rfn' xfntdf
    /x]sf dxFuf hfkgLh kh]/f] hLk /
    cGo df]6/ lnnfd ug{ nufP/ dxFuf
    uf8L lsGg nufPsf 5g\ . gofF uf8L
    glsg'Gh]n em08} 5 dlxgf dxFuf] ef8fdf
    cfkm\g} uf8L ko{6g af]8n
    { fO{ g} ef8fdf
    nufPsf] / gofF df]6/ vl/bdf sld;g
    vfPsf] k|df0f af]8d{ f ;'/lIft 5 . clxn]
    klg af]8d{ f uf8L ef8fdf nufpg
    nufP/ sld;g vfg]u/]sf 5g\ l;+v8f .
    7d]ndf :jb]zL ljb]zL ko{6g Jojfj;foL
    / ! g+j/ ug]x{ nfO{ cfkm" af]8{ ;b:o
    -afF s L & k] h df_

    ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf nufgL afn'jfdf kfgL

    d"No ?= &.

    !* jif{b]lv g]kfndf lqmofl;n pQm


    ;+:yf kl5Nnf] bz jif{ otf ;/sf/L
    lgod, P]gsfg'gnfO{ ;d]t c6]/ ub{}
    bftfsf] vf] n cf] 9 ] / cfkm" v ' ; L
    ckf/bzL{ sfo{ ub{ } cfPsf]
    cfO{PghLcf] g]kfn hfkfg / To;sf
    cWoIf ;' u flxsf] ;' l udf] t f] s f
    JolQmut lqmofsnfk ;d] t
    ljjfbf:kb kfOPkl5 pQm ;+:yfnfO{
    sf/jfxLsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg clVtof/
    b" kof] u cg' ; Gwfg cfof] u n]
    ;DjlGwt ;/sf/L lgsfo;Fu hjfkm
    dfu u/]sf] k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5 .
    z}lIfs e|d0f / hfkfgL efiff k|lzIf0f
    :s'nsf gfddf d]gkfj/ Jofkf/
    ug{ ' s f ;fy} e| d 0fsf qmddf
    hfg]xnfO{ e/Lof agfpFb} g]kfnsf]
    k"/ftflTjs x]G8Lqmfkm\6\;nufotsf
    ljleGg a:t'x, h8La'6L ;d]t
    hfkfg l5/fpg] tyf Totfaf6 kms{g]
    a]nf e|d0f 6f]nLnfO{ To:t} ;fdfu|L

    g} clxn] gf/f h'n';;lxt ;8sdf


    /xFbf To;sf] Joj:yfkg ug{ c;kmn
    ePsf] cf/f] k pgL a] x f] b } { 5 g\ .
    k|wfgdGqL ePnuQ} s'g} klg ljlzi7
    >]0fLsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;?jf gug]{
    k|lta4tf hgfPsf e/fO{n] u[xdGqL
    ljhos' d f/ uR5bf/sf] bafadf
    u[x;lrj nLnfdl0f kf}8n
    ] nfO{ ;?jf
    ug{ afWo ePkl5 pgnfO{ klg af]nL
    km]g{ g]tfsf kdf lng yflnPsf] 5 .
    hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf /fxtsf sfo{qmd
    Nofpg] k|lta4tf JoSt u/]sf pgL
    g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/n] $% lbg k"/f gx'bF }
    k]6f l] nod kbfy{sf] efp k'gM a9fpFbf
    k|wfgdGqLsf] zf;sLo Ifdtfdf k|Zg
    p7g' :jfefljs xf] .
    ;Qfsf nflu u7aGwg u/]sf dw];L
    df]rf{df cfa4 dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d
    nf]stflGqssf g]tf Pj+ /IffdGqL
    z/tl;+x e08f/Ln] lbPsf] cleJolSt
    k|wfgdGqLs} nflu k|To'Tkfbs aGg]
    vt/f;d]t of] cjlwsf dx;'; ul/Psf]
    -afF s L & k] h df_

    k| w fgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf
    dfUg] r]tfjgL

    af]sfP/ Aofkf/ ug{] u/]sf], hfkfgsf


    dgsf/L JolQm tyf ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt
    bfg /sdsf] cfkm"v;
    ' L b"kof]u ug{]
    u/]sf], cfO{PghLcf]n] ;dfh sNof0f
    kl/ifb\sf] ;Dks{df /x]/ cfkm"n] u/]sf
    sfd sf/jfxLsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f
    aflif{s kdf kf/bzL{tfsf ;fy
    a'emfpg' kg{d] f @))@ h'nfO{ @$ b]lv
    ;Dks{df g/x] klg cfkm"v;
    ' L ljleGg
    ultljlw ub{} cfPsf] h:tf ljjfbf:kb
    lqmofsnfk ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 pQm
    cfO{PghLcf]nfO{ sf/jfxLsf] bfo/fdf
    Nofpg clVtof/ tft] s f] xf] .
    To;afx]s klg o;f] u5{', p;f] u5{'
    eGb} sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsfaf6
    ljsfz b"tsf] ku/L;d]t k"mTSofpg
    ;kmn P;LP hfkfgsf w"t{ cWoIf
    ;'ludf]tf]n] pQm ;DdfgLt kb kfPkl5
    klg ljsfzsf gfddf l;Gsf]
    gefFrs
    ] f] kfOPkl5 sfdgkfnfO{ ;d]t
    -afF s L & k] h df_

    sf7df8f}F . Pdfn] k|dv


    ' ;r]ts
    eLdk|;fb cfrfo{n] /fli6otf lj/f]wL
    cleJolSt lbg] /IffdGqLnfO{ avf{:t
    gu/] k|wfgdGqLsf] ;d]t /fhLgfdf
    dfUg] r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ . pgn]
    dGqLn] /fhLgfdf glbP;Dd
    Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf] a}7s ;'rf?
    x'g glbg] atfP . b]z 6'qmfpg] s'/f
    ug]{ / cfg} ;/sf/L ;+oGqn] xTofsf]
    cf/f]k nufPsf] dGqLnfO{ kbaf6
    avf{:t gu/] xfd|f] ;+3if{ hf/L /xG5,
    l/kf]6;
    \{ { Snadf z'qmaf/ pgn] eg],
    c6]/ u/]/ a;] k|wfgdGqL klg
    /fi63ftL / ck/fwdf ;+nUg ePsf]
    7x5{ To;a]nf xfdL k|wfgdGqLs}
    /fhLgfdf dfU5f}F / gofF ;/sf/
    aG5 . cfrfo{n] afa'/fd e/fO{
    g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/df s'g} klg xfntdf
    Pdfn] ;xefuL gx'g] 7f]sj' f ub}{
    bnxaLr ;xdlt ag] klg csf]{
    -afF s L & k] h df_

    cfGbf]ngsf] ^ bzssf] O{ltxfF;df


    g]tT[ jbfoL e'ldsf v]Ng] g]tfsf sf/0fn]
    wf] s f vfb} cfPsf] s' / f g] k fnL
    hgtfnfO{ k| Z 6 g} 5 . tyflk
    )$@)$# otf cfpbf / d'VoM
    g]kfnL qmflGtsf] cfzfnfUbf] ;do
    hgo' 2 sfndf
    hgo'2n] lgdf0f{
    u / ] s f ]
    qmflGtsf/L
    g] t [ T j k| l t
    g]kfnL >dlhla ;a{xf/f au{sf ;fy}
    laZjs} zf]lift plTkl8t au{sf] ck]Iff
    lyof] ;fy} g]kfnL >dlhla au{ cfgf]
    g]tT[ j kfPsf]df w/} pT;flxt lyof] /
    uj{ ub{Yof] . of] g]t[Tjaf6 g]kfnL
    >dlhla ;a{ x f/f au{ n ] dfqx} g
    ljZjsf qmflGtsf/L hg;d'bfon]
    g]kfnL e'ldaf6 ;lNsPsf] qmflGtsf]
    Hjfnf ljZj qmflGtsf] Hjfnf xf] of]

    /ftf] em08f laZj qmflGtsf] em08f


    xf] g]kfnL qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj ljZj
    qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj xf] eGg] 7fGbYof]
    ;Dk'0f{ ljZjsf qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ /
    hg;d'bfosf] Wofgfsif{0f g]kfnL
    qmflGt / To;sf] d'Vo ln8/l;kdf
    lglxt lyof] . of] g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
    ln8/l;k lgdf0ff{y g]kfnL hgtfn]
    /ut aufPsf lyP of] ln8/l;k
    g]kfnL hgtfsf] /ut ;Fu ;fl6Psf]
    ln8/ l;k lyof] . g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
    ln8/l;ksf] lgdf0f{df xhf/f} r]nLsf]
    l;Gb'/ k'l5Psf] 5 xhf/f} xhf/ 5f]/f
    5f]/Lx 6'x'/f ePsf 5g nfvf} nfv
    dfG5] x sf] Tofu tk:of /
    alnbfgaf6 lgdf0f{ ul/Psf] g]t[Tj
    lyof] . lsg g]kfnL >dlhla ;a{xf/f
    au{ n ] olt 7' n f] nuflg g] t [ T j
    lgdf0f{ d f vr{ u/of] < o;sf]
    -afF s L & k] h df_

    k|wfgdGqLsf] gfd ehfP/ ko{6g af]8{df ef8e}nf] g]kfnL qmflGtdf g]t[Tjsf] k|Zg
    sf7df8f}+ . ldtJoLtf / cfly{s
    kf/bzL{ t fsf] gd" g f k| b z{ g ug{
    vf] h ] s f k| w fgdGqL 8f afa' / fd
    e/fO{sf] 5la kl/jf/leq}af6 w'ldn
    agfpg] v]n z'? ul/Psf] 5 . hgtfn]
    ;a}eGbf a9L cfzf u/]sf e/fO{
    cfkm}d
    F f ld:6/ lSngsf kdf sfod
    /x] klg ;fDk|bflos efjgf lnP/
    ;/sf/L lgsfodf x:tIf]k ub}{ cfPsL
    >LdtL lxl;nf odLsf sf/0f e/fO{sf]
    5la qmdzM lau|g yfn]sf] 5 . odLs}
    cfj/0fdf g]kfn ko{6g af]8{ h:tf]
    lhDd]af/ ;+:yfdf ljutsf ck/flws
    k[i7e"ld / d08n]xn] r'/Lk"m/L
    b]vfP/ k|wfgdGqLs} abgfd ug{
    yfn]sf 5g\ . ko{6g af]8s
    { f ;b:osf
    kdf l5/]sf u0f]z l;+v8f gfdsf
    Ps JolQmsf] r' / Lk" m /Ln] ko{ 6 g
    af]8{nfO{ kl5Nnf]k6s r/d abgfd
    agfpFb} nu]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] ;ftfsf]

    g]kfnL qmflGt cfh ;Dds} w]/}


    hf]lvd k'0f{ cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
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    ;'wf/afbdf s] k|of]u ug]{ / s;/L
    cuf8L a9\g] eGg] laifodf ulDe/
    ax; x'b} cfPsf] 5 . la;f} aif{

    If]Kof:q ax;
    c;n If]qL

    nufP/ lgdf0f{ ul/Psf] g] k fnL


    qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj of] of Tof] axfgfdf
    g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'sf]
    ;f k|ltqmflGt / ;'wf/afbsf] af6f]df
    lx8\g tlD;/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfn]
    of] g]t[Tjaf6 w]/} cfzf clg ck]Iff
    u/] s f lyP lt g] k fnL hgtfsf
    ;kgfx lardf g} cnkq kg]{ vt/f
    a9] s f] 5 . g] k fnL sDo' l gi6

    ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}

    s= dfcf]T;] t'

    @)^**
    jif{ %, c+s !, c;f]h @( ut] cfOtaf/ @)^

     ;DkfbsL

    kfrf} jif{ k|jz


    ] sf] cj;/df

    xfd|f] ofqfn] kfFrf}F jif{df kfOnf 6]ss


    ] f] 5 /
    clxn] ;~rf/sf] ljsf; tLj| ultdf eO/x]sf a]nf
    5fkf dfWod To;df klg ;fKtflxs klqsfsf]
    cfjZostf / dxTjsf af/]df ljleGg ;dodf
    ljleGg sf]0fxaf6 cfjfhx p7\g] u5{\ . t/,
    ;dosf] cGt/ hlt;'s} eP klg kf7s ju{nfO{
    ;fdu|L lbg] lx;fan] ;fKtflxs klqsfsf] dxTj
    cxd\ /xg hfG5 . ;dfh kfGt/0f / ljsf;sf
    nflu dfq geO{ j}1flgs / /fhgLlts r]tgf
    lgdf{0fsf nflu klg ;fKtflxs klqsfxsf] dxTj
    /xg] u5{ g} . o; ;fKtflxs hgtfsf] u0ftGqsf]
    ld;gnfO{ af]s/] cl3 a9]sf] Pp6f qmflGtsf/L klqsf
    xf] . o; ;fKtflxsn] hgtfsf] ;"rgf / ljrf/sf]
    kIfdf cxd\ e"ldsf v]Nb} cfPsf] 5 . oxL
    hgkIfw/tfnfO{ af]Sbf zflGt / cu|ufdL Ph]08fsf]
    kIfdf xfd|f] snd ld;gsf] kdf lg/Gt/ cufl8
    rln/x]sf] 5 . xfdL ;dfh kfGt/0fsf nflu
    cu|udgsf] ljrf/nfO{ kqm]/ Pp6f lgi7f /
    k|lta4tfsf] cfbz{df /xL kqsfl/tf ub}{ cfO/x]sf
    5f}F . u0ftGq k|flKtkl5 klg k'/fg} wf/nfO{ :yflkt
    ug{ rfxg] oyfl:yltjfbL k|jl[ Qsf lj?4 xfd|f] snd
    ltvf] eO{ rln/fVg' xfd|f] ljrf/ut kIf xf] . xfdLnfO{
    s'g} bn ljz]ifsf] klqsf eg]/ n]k nufpg] ul/G5 .
    s'g} klg ;~rf/ dfWodnfO{ of] jf Tof] kf6L{sf]
    klqsf eGg' unt x'g hfG5 . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5,
    kf7sn] u/]sf] ck]Iff / dfunfO{ xfdLn] k"/f ug{
    ;ls/x]sf 5}gf}F . kf7s / z'elrGtsxsf]
    ;'emfjnfO{ xfdLn] uDeL/ eP/ dgg ul//x]sf 5f}F .
    of]aLrdf o;n] h]hlt k|ult uof] . kf7s sdfof],
    ufnL / tfnL b'j} h]h:tf] kfof] . To;sf] kl/0ffd
    kSs} PSnf] k|of;af6 ;Dej ePsf] xf]Og . o;df
    ePsf ;fdu|L k9]/, ;'emfj lbP/, kf7s k|ltlqmof
    JoSt u/]/ jf o;sf af/]df c?nfO{ hfgsf/L lbP/
    ;xof]u ug{ kf7sx ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ x'g\ . To;f]
    t, kf7sxnfO{ of] l:yltdf /fVg cfgf cd"No
    /rgfx lbg'sf ;fy} ;~rfngsf nflu ljleGg
    ;xof]u ug{] ldqx klg 5g\ . tL ldqxsf]
    k|of;lagf clxn];Ddsf] ofqf ;xh x'g] lyPg .
    tkfO{+ kf7sxn] lbg] k|/] 0ff, dfof / ;xof]un]
    xfdL Pslbg h?/ Tof] 7fpFdf k'Ug] 5f}F eGg] ljZjf;
    5 . xfdLnfO{ klqsf k9]/ ;xof]u ug{] kf7sju{
    lj1fkgbftf, n]vs, z'eR] 5's ;a} ldqxnfO{ xfdL
    cfef/ JoSt ub}{ xflb{s wGojfb JoSt ub{5f}F .
    xfdL oxfFxsf] ;sf/fTds ;Nnfx, ;'emfj /
    cfnf]rgfsf] lg/Gt/ ck]Iff /fVb5f}F .

    /fatOfc t]u (@ hf];c nf; *^)@

    k|wfgdGqLsf] cf;Gg ef/t e|d0f / hgck]Iff

    ev{/} lxGb'xsf] dxfg\ rf8 a8fbz}F


    ;lsP/ csf]{ dxfg\ rf8 ltxf/ odkGrs_ ;'? x'g nfu]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf]
    k6s ylkPsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
    ;lsg] lbg klg glhlsFb} 5 . d'ns
    ' sf]
    /fhgLlts If]qdf s'g} klg kl/jt{g
    b]lvPsf] 5}g . cem} klg Pp6fn]
    csf]n
    { fO{ ufnL ug]{ k|jl[ t lg/Gt/ wf/f
    k|jfx eO/x]sf] 5, d'ns
    ' sf] ;d:of
    Ho's
    F f To"F 5 . k|wfgdGqL 8fS6/ e/fO{n]
    k| l ta4tf ug] { ePsf] ljifodf
    g}ltstfsf] k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . $%
    lbgleq zflGtk|lqmofsf d"ne"t sfd
    ;DkGg ug]{ / To;sf] nflu cfk"m PsnAo
    eP/ sfd ug]{ k|lta4tfk|lt cfk"mn]
    To;f] eg]sf] geO{ ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf]
    ljifodf bnxaLr Go"gtd ;xdlt
    eP ;dfof]hg / k'g:yf{kgfdf hfg]
    n8fs'sf] k'gjuL{s/0f u/L $% lbgdf
    5'6o\ fpg ;lsG5 eg]sf] xf] egL
    ;~rf/dfWoddfkm{t\ v08g ug]{ ePsf]
    5 . cfk"mn] u/]sf] k|lta4tfaf6 klG5g
    vf]hs
    ] f] xf] ls < eg]/ l6sfl6Kk0fL klg
    ;'? ePsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd
    e/fO{n] cfufdL cS6f]a/ @! tfl/vaf6
    ef/tsf] cf}krfl/s e|d0f ub}{ x'gx' G' 5 .
    e|d0f bf}/fgdf ef/t;Fusf] lkIfLo
    Jofkf/, hn;| f ] t df ef/tLo
    nufgLnufot ljifosf] Ph]08f /x]sf]
    ;~rf/dfWodxdfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs
    ePsf] 5 . e|d0fsf] bf}/fgdf g s'g}
    /fi6lxt ljk/Lt ;lGw;Demf}tf x'g] xf]
    ls < eGg] z+sf pkz+sf Psflt/
    k}bf ePsf] 5, g]kfnL hgtf of]eGbf
    klxnf ePsf s]xL /fi6lxt ljk/Ltsf
    ;lGw;Demf}tfn] ubf{ Ps k6s ;f]Rg
    afWo x'gk' /]sf] 5 . kmnfgf] ufYof] Tof]
    a]r/] cfof] csf]{ ufYof], Tof] a]r/]
    cfof]h:tf dfgl;skdf pTkGg qf;,
    z+sfn] cem} klg 9'Ss eP/ ljZjf;
    ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . s]xL ul/xfNg] xf]
    ls < eGg] z+sf sfod} 5 . s]xL
    xKtfcl3 k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e/fO{nfO{
    aLaL;L /]l8of] g]kfnL ;]jf sfo{qmddf
    cf;Gg ef/t e|d0fs} ;Gbe{df g]kfndf
    ef/tn] ;'/Iffsf] nflu xjfO{ dfz{n
    /fVg], ;'kb' u{ L ;lGw ug{k' g]{ nufotsf
    ljifodf ;f]lwPsf] k|Zgdf k|wfgdGqLaf6
    /fi6lxtnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ dfq
    ;lGw;Demf}tf ul/g]5 /fi6lxt ljk/Lt
    s]xL ul/g] 5}g . g]kfnL ;dfh 9'Ss
    x'g;
    ' \ egL k|i6 kfg{' ePsf] lyof] t/
    ljutb]lv cfhsf lbg;Dd hlt klg
    ;lGw;Demf} t f ePsf 5g\ ;a}
    /fi6lxtnfO{ g} s]lGb|t u/]/ u/]sf] eGg]
    asas xfdLn] ;'Gb} cfPsf 5f}F . lxhf]
    sf]zL, u08sL, dxfsfnL, pkNnf] s0ff{nL
    hnljB' t \ cfof] h gfnufotsf
    Oltxf;sf] x/]s sfnv08df ePsf
    ;lGw;Demf}tf ;a} /fi6lxtd} 5 eGg]

    tftf] ax;
    5qaxfb' / d} g fnL
    ljifosf] JofVof jt{dfgdf slt /fi6lxt
    lyof] < bL3{sfnLg kdf /fi6lxts}
    kIfdf /lx/xG5 ls /xGg < eGg]
    ljifodf cfjZos 5nkmn ePsf],
    b] l vF b } g , ;' g ] c g' ; f/ clxn] klg
    ;lGw;Demf}tf eO;s]sf] gbLxsf]
    kfgLdf gbL cf;kf;sf g] k fnL
    s[ i fsxn] cfk" m n] rfx] c g' ; f/
    l;+ r fOnufotsf
    sfddf
    cfjZostfcg';f/ kfgL pkef]u ug{
    kfpFbg} g\ eGg] ;'lgG5 olb ;fFlRrs} To;f]
    ePsf] xf] eg] ;fj{ef}d /fi6sf] ;fj{ef}d
    gful/ssf] x}l;ot sxfF k'u5
    ] t<
    cfgf] b]zleqsf] gbLgfnfdf aUg]
    kfgLnfO{ cfk"mn] :jtGqk"js
    { pkef]u
    ug{ kfpFbg} g\ eg] xfdL s;/L ;fj{ef}d
    eof}F < xfd|f] g};lu{s clwsf/ s] xf] <
    x/]s g]kfnLn] uDeL/ eP/ ;f]Rg' kg{]
    a]nf ePsf] 5 s] o:t} sfo{nfO{
    /fi6lxtdf s]lGb|t ePsf] ;lGw;Demf}tf
    dfGg] xf] < lxhf] uf]vf{ etL{ s]Gb| aGb
    ug{ k5{, ;g\ !(%) sf] c;dfg ;lGw
    vf/]h ug{k' 5{ ef/taf6 x'g] lyrf]ldrf]
    ;xg] 5}gf}F eGg]h:tf gfgfyl/sf rsf{
    efif0fx ;'lgg] ub{Yof] xfdL dVv k/]/
    >jg uYof},{+ cf]xf] ;fFlRrs} /fi6 /
    /fli6otfsf] cfjfh h:tf] nfUbYof] t/
    Tof] t s]jn kmut\ xfjfh:t} /x]5 ;fob
    ca ;dfhsf x/]s tx tKsfn] la:tf/}
    a'b} 5g\ . xf]nf h;sf] kl/0ffd j}bl] zs
    /f]huf/df b}lgs ljb]lzg] g]kfnL
    o'jfxsf] tYof+sn] k'l:6 ub}{ 5 .
    clwsf+z ljsl;t d'ns
    ' xn], efif0fdf
    x}g, sfddf ljZjf; /fVb5g\ rfx]
    /fhgLlt ug]{ x'g\ rfx] ;fdflhs sfd
    ug{] x'g\ jf:tljstfafx]s s'g} s'/fdf
    ljZjf; ub}g{ g\ . t/ la8Dagf xfd|f]
    d'ns
    ' df o:tf 5]p g 6'Kkfsf dgsf]
    n' l3p;Fu vfg' eGg] plSth:tf] efif0fn]
    ubf{ b]z cfh w]/} k5fl8 kl/;s]sf]
    oyfy{ xfdL;fd' 5n{ 5 . b]zsf]
    lhDd]jf/ txdf kbf;Lg /fhgLlts
    JolStTjxn] hlta]nf h] kfof], ToxL
    af]Ng], slxn] t/fO{sf] @@ lhNnfn] lg0f{o
    u/]/ g]kfnaf6 5'lg] lg0f{o uof] eg]
    g]kfnsf] s'g lgod sfg'gn] /f]Sg ;S5 <
    eGg], sf]xLrflxF t/fO{sf] dfldnfdf cf}nF f
    t];f{pg]sf] cf}n
    F f sfl6g] 5 eGg]h:tf
    ljjfbf:kb cleJolSt lbP/ ;dfhdf
    ] ft
    st} lavG8g l;h{gf ug{ vf]hs
    x}gg\ < efjgfnfO{ lgoGq0fdf /fVg
    g;s]/ h]h] kfof], ToxL af]Nb} lxF8g\ n
    ' ]
    efjL g]kfnL ;Gtltn] pxfFxaf6 s]
    ck]Iff ug{ ;S5g\ < clxn]sf] cxd ;do
    eg]sf] cf}n
    F f sf6\g,] b]z 6'qm\ofpg]

    efif0feGbf klg g]kfnL hgtfn] b]zdf


    zflGt / :yfloTj rfx]sf 5g\, h;sf]
    nflu jiff}b+ { l] v g]kfnL hgtf Tofu, tk:of
    u/]/ cem} klg ;dosf] kvf{Odf 5g\,
    ;do / cf:yfsf] afFw 6'6g\ nflu;s]sf]
    oyfy{nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ cfufdL lbgdf
    hgefjgfsf] sb/ u/]/ cufl8 a9\g
    ;Sg' g} a'l4dfgL x'g5
    ] x}g eg] w}ot{ fsf]
    afFw 6'6/] cfpg] e]nn] Tolt a]nf
    a9fl/g]df w}o{ ug{] x}gg . w}ot{ fsf]
    dfgdb{g ug]x{ g} a9fl/g]5g\ ;fy}
    Psfb]zsf] syf x'g ;do gnfUg
    ;S5 . jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] lj?4 ;Qf?9
    kf6L{s} al/i7 pkfWoIf df]xg j}Bn]
    sG6]g/sf] ;fFrf] a'emfP/ hgo'4sf] d"n
    dd{ / efjgfnfO{ l;w} a]jf:tf, ckdfg
    u/]sf], ;/sf/ lgdf{0fsf] qmddf
    dw]zjfbL bn;Fu rf/ a'bF ] ;xdltdfkm{t\
    /fli6otf g} vt/fdf kf/]sf], g]kfnnfO{
    l;lSsdLs/0ftkm{
    pGd' v
    u/]sf]nufotsf cf/f]k ;fj{hlgskd}
    nufpFb} ljleGg cfGbf]ngdfkm{t\ kl5Nnf]
    ;do;Dd cfOk'Ubf kf6L{ ljefhg x'g
    ;Sg];Ddsf] j}dg:otf k|i6kdf aflx/
    cfPsf] 5 . ;Qf?9 bnleqs} al/i7
    g]tfaf6 o; k|sf/sf] cleJolSt
    ;fj{hlgskdf cfpg'n] ;j{;fwf/0fdf
    cGof}ntf yk]sf] 5, xfjf grnL kft
    s;/L xlNnG5 < eGg] plSt olta]nf
    ;a{q rrf{sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . g]kfnL
    hgtfn] jt{dfg ;/sf/k|lt lgs} 7"nf]
    cfzf / e/f] ; f /fv] s f 5g\ .
    k|wfgdGqLsf ;'?jftL lbgb]lvg} d'ns
    ' sf]
    cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] cfzfdf clwsf+z
    g]kfnL hgtfn] kf6L{uteGbf klg
    ;fd'lxs JolStTjsf] kdf 8fS6/
    e/fO{nfO{ ;xif{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] ;To ;fFrf]
    xf] . k|; ef/t e|d0f - ;fj{ef}d /fi6sf]
    ;/sf/ k|dv
    ' sf] x}l;otn] /fi6 lxtnfO{
    s]Gb|laGb'df /fv]/ ;do cg's"n
    5n5fd, sk6 g/fvL, eljiodf b]z /
    hgtfk|lt s'g} lsl;dsf] wf]vf, xfgL
    gf]S;fgL gx'g] u/L lgikIf kdf
    Odfgbfl/tfsf ;fy ljifoj:t'sf]
    ;dfwfg ug{;Sg] k|sf/sf] e|d0f cfhsf]
    cfjZostf xf] . xfdLn] hlxn] klg
    e|d0fkZrft JoSt ul/g] e|d0f jf0fL
    e|d0f Psbd} ;kmn /Xof], of] e|d0fn]
    lkIfLo ;DaGwnfO{ cem k|uf9 agfpF5
    eGg] xfdLn] ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}F
    eGg]nufotsf af0fL ;'Gg] ub{Yof}F . ca
    o; k|sf/sf df}lvs jf0fL ;'Gg'eGbf
    klg jf:tljs ljifodf xfl;n u/]sf
    k|ultsf] jf0fL ;'Gg kfpg' xfdL ;a}sf]
    g};lu{s clwsf/ xf] . lkIfLo ;femf

    ;jfnsf d'Vo ljifoj:t'nfO{ s]Gb|laGb'df


    /fv]/ kl/0ffdd'vL 5nkmnsf] ;'?jft
    ug{k' b{5 . h:t} nfdf] ;dob]lv ljjfbdf
    /xL cfPsf] g]kfn ef/taLrsf] v'nf
    l;dfgf, ljleGg :yfgdf ldlrPsf
    l;dfgf, ;g\ !(%) sf] g] k fn
    ef/taLrsf] zflGt tyf d}qL ;lGw,
    lkIfLo Jofkf/nufotsf ljifodf
    s] l Gb| t eP/ ljjflbt ljifosf]
    bL3{ s fnLg ;dwfg x] t ' /fli6 o
    ;d:ofnfO{ ;bfsf] nflu ;dfwfg ug]t{ km{
    k|oTg ul/g'kb{5 . g]kfnef/taLrsf]
    !$%^ lsnf]ld6/ v'nf l;dfgfsf] sf/0f
    ;Defljt x'g ;Sg] cj}w lqmofsnfkn]
    -cft+sjfbL lqmofsnfk_ b'j} b]zsf]
    /fli6o ;'/Iff;d]tnfO{ r'gf}tL lbg] ePsf]
    x'bF f ;do;fk]If v'nf ;LdfnfO{ lgoldt
    ul/g'kb{5 h;n] b'j} b]zsf] ;'/Iffdf
    ;Defljt x'g;Sg] 36gf lgoGq0fdf d2t
    k'Ug ;S5 . ef}uf]lns lx;fan] ef/t
    g]kfnsf] bfFhf]df sof}F u'gf 7"nf] ePsf]
    x'gfn] ef}uf]lns If]qkmntkm{ klg plQs}
    Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 . nf]6fsf] kfgL /
    3}nfsf] kfgLnfO{ kl/df0fsf] lx;fan]
    ;dfg t'ngf ug{ ;lsGg . o;}u/L
    g]kfnsf] ljleGg efudf ;Ldf ldlrPsf]
    ;dfrf/sf] af/]df tTsfn} cfgf] b]zsf]
    e"efu s]slt xf] < o;sf] k'gM gfkgS;f
    u/]/ x'G5 ls x/]s ;Ldf:tDexsf]
    klxrfg u/L k'gM ;Ldf:tDe uf8]/ cfgf]
    l;dfgf sfod ug]{ xf] . ;j{ky| d o:tf
    ljjflbt ljifoj:t'sf] l56f]eGbf l56f]
    lgk0f ug]t{ km{ sbd rflng' kb{5 .
    ;Ldf If]qdf ljleGg ;dodf ef/tLo
    kIff/f lgdf{0f ul/Psf afFwsf sf/0f
    g]kfnL hldg 8'afgdf k/]/ g]kfnL
    hgtfn] s:6 a]xf]b{} cfO/x]sf] x'gfn] of]
    ljifodf klg 5nkmn cufl8
    a9fpg'kb{5, ;Ldf If]qdf g]kfnLdfly
    x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ t'?Gt /f]Sgsf] nflu cfu|x
    ul/g' kb{5 . lj1xsf] egfOcg';f/
    ;g\ !(%) sf] g]kfnef/taLrsf] zflGt
    tyf d}qL ;lGwsf] wf/f ! / wf/f *
    g]kfnsf] lxtdf 5 ;g\ !(%) sf]
    ;lGw vf/]h x'g' x'Gg olb vf/]h ePsf]
    v08df ;g\ !*!%!*!^ sf] ;'uf}nL
    ;lGwsf] wf/f cfslif{t x'g hfG5 eGg]
    tYout wf/0ff /xL cfPsf] 5 . of]
    ljifodf klg Oltxf;ljb\, ;lGwljb\xsf]
    /fo ;'emfj ;+sng u/L Jofks 5nkmn
    rnfpg cfjZos b]lvG5 . g]kfn Ps
    e"kl/j]li7t /fi6sf] x}l;otn] cGt/f{li6o
    lgod, sfg'gcg';f/ e"kl/j]li7t /fi6n]
    kfpg] kf/axg ;'ljwfnufot cGo
    ;'ljwfsf] af/]df klg Wofg k'Ug' h?/L
    5 . xfdLn] s]s:tf] ;'ljwf kfPsf 5f}F
    t < cfdhgdfg;df hfgsf/L lbg
    ;s]sf] v08df eljiosf] nflu ;r]t
    Pj+ ;';l" rt x'g] lyP . cf;Gg ef/t
    e|d0fsf] ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf .

    t]tL; k|ltzt dlxnfsf] ;xeflutfsf] s'/f


    sflnsf v8\ s f
    ;+ljwf;efsf] lgjf{rgn] dlxnfsf]
    ## k|ltzt ;xeflutfnfO{ /fHosf x/]s
    lgsfodf ;'lgZrt ug{k' g]{ Joj:yf u/]
    klg clxn];Dd ;/sf/L lgsfodf klg
    sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] b]lvFbg} . lj;+
    @)^@^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngn] ;dfj]zL
    nf]stGqsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cl3 ;f/]kl5
    g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# n]
    /fHosf lgsfoxdf ## k|ltzt
    dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug'k{ g]{
    dfkb08 agfPsf] xf] . ;/sf/,
    /fhgLlts bn, /fHosf ljleGg
    cfof]udf ;d]t dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf ##
    k|ltzt b]lvFbg} . jt{dfg ;/sf/sf]
    dlGqd08ndf Pshgf dlxnf o'jf tyf
    v]ns'b dGqL sdnf /f]Ssf dfq x'gx' G' 5 .
    ;/sf/df dfq xf]Og, g]kfnsf s'g} klg
    /fhgLlts bnxn] ;dfg'kflts
    k|0ffnLnfO{ ckgfP/ kf6L{df ## k|ltzt
    dlxnfsf] agfpg] elgP klg clxn];Dd
    x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . d'ns
    ' sf] /fhgLlts
    tyf ;fj{hlgs If]qdf gLlt lgdf{0f txdf
    ;d]t dlxnfsf] ;+Vof cToGt Go"g /x]sf]
    hfu/0f g]kfnn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] cWoog
    k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v 5 . Gofokflnsf ;jf]R{ r cbfnt_ df :yfoL / c:yfoL
    u/]/ @! hgf GofofwLz /x]sfdf Pshgf
    dfq dlxnf GofofwLz /x]sf] 5 .
    Gofokflnsfn] ;d]t dlxnfsf] ##

    k|ltzt ;dfj]zLsf] ;jfnnfO{ ;Daf]wg


    ug{ g;Sg' dlxnf clwsf/sdL{n] b'Mvb
    kIf 7fg]sf 5g\ . lghfdtL ;]jfdf
    /fhkqflt >]0fLdf hDdf !@ xhf/
    %@) hgf sd{rf/L /x]sf]df !! xhf/
    ^#! k'?if 5g\ . t/ **( dfq dlxnf
    /x]sf 5g . ljlzi6 >]0fLdf *) hgf
    k'?if 5g\ t/ $ hgf dfq dlxnf /x]sf
    5g\ . d'ns
    ' sf] k|zf;gsf] dxTjk"0f{
    ;+oGqsf] kdf /x]sf] g]kfnsf] lghfdtL
    ;]jf, h;n] ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gsf]
    Joj:yfkg, /fhgLlts g]tT[ jnfO{ ;Nnfx
    ;'emfj lbg], gLlt lgdf{0f / ;fj{hlgs
    dxTjsf lg0f{osf nflu k];fut
    lhDd]jf/L axg ug{] If]qdf ;d]t
    dlxnfsf] cj:yf cToGt} sd /x]sf]
    5 . ;+j}wflgs cxdf dlxnf
    ;xeflutfsf] cj:yfnfO{ x]bf{ nf]s;]jf
    cfof]u / /fli6o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u
    kbflwsf/Ldf PsPshgf dfq dlxnf
    /x]sf 5g\ eg] /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u,
    clVtof/ b'kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u,
    lgjf{rg cfof]u kbflwsf/Ldf dlxnfsf]
    ;+Vof z"Go /x]sf] 5 . cfof]uxdf st}
    dlxnfsf] ## k|ltzt ;xeflutfsf]
    l:ylt b]lvFbg} eg] lgjf{rg cfof]u,
    nf]s;]jf cfof]udf cfjZos dfqfdf
    cfo'Stx lgo'St ePsf 5}gg\ .
    clVtof/ b'kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u
    kbflwsf/LxljxLg cj:yfdf /x]sf

    5g\ . lj;+ @)!# b]lv of]hgfa4kdf


    ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ug{]
    p2]Zon] u7g ePsf] /fli6o of]hgf
    cfof] u df @)%( ;fn;Ddsf
    kbflwsf/LdWo] dlxnf ;b:o ;+Vof z"Go
    k|ltzt g} /x]sf] b]lvG5 . lj;+ @)%*
    sf] zfxL zf;gsfnkl5 of]hgf cfof]usf
    kbflwsf/Lx kl/jlt{t x'g] qmddf
    @)^) ;fndf cfof]udf lgo'St ePsf
    kfFr ;b:oLo cfo'Stxdf klxnf] k6s
    8f= k'ikf >]i7nfO{ dlxnf ;b:osf
    kdf lgo'St ul/Psf] lyof] . To;kl5
    lj;+ @)^@ df cfof]usf] ul7t kfFr
    ;b:oLo cfo'Stxdf 8f= ljhof >]i7
    dlxnf ;b:odf lgo'St ul/Psf] lyof] .
    lj;+ @)^@^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngkl5
    ePsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{sf sf/0f
    OlGb/f >]i7n] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf
    lbPkl5 xfn;Dd k6sk6s ;/sf/
    kl/jt{ ; F u } of] h gf cfof] u sf
    kbflwsf/Lx km]l/g] qmd hf/L /x]
    klg To;df dlxnfn] cem} :yfg
    cf]u6\g kfPsf 5}gg\ . g]kfnsf]
    hg;+Vofsf] cfwfeGbf a9L %! k|ltzt
    dlxnf eP tfklg /fHo lgsfo, tx
    tKsfdf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj cToGt}
    Go"g /x]sf] 5 . lkt[;QfTds ;fdflhs
    ;+/rgfn] ubf{ b]zsf] ;fdflhs,
    cfly{ s If] q df pNn] v gLo
    of]ubfgstf{sf] kdf /x]sf clwsf+z

    dlxnfn] oL ljleGg If]qdf c;dfgtf


    tyf e]befjsf] l;sf/ aGg'k/]sf] oyfy{
    sfod 5 . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg,
    @)^# sf] wf/f @) df dlxnf
    clwsf/sf ljifoxnfO{ df}lns
    xssf] kdf dfGotf lbOP klg tL
    Joj:yfxsf] plrt sfof{Gjogsf]
    cefjdf dlxnf / k'?ifaLr ;dtf /
    ;dfgtfsf] cj:yf sfod x'g g;sL
    ;d:of oyfjt} /x]sf] kfOG5 . n}ls
    ;dfj]zLs/0f / cGtl/d ;+ljwfg
    @)^# n] ls6fg u/]sf] ## k|ltzt
    dlxnfsf] ;xeflutfsf] k|fjwfgnfO{
    /fHosf ljleGg cfof]un] pk]Iff u/]sf]
    b]lvG5, ;+ljwfg;efdf !(& dlxnf
    ;ef;b\ eP klg /fHosf cGo
    lgsfodf dlxnfsf] cj:yf guGo 5
    ;+ljwfg;efsf pkfWoIf k"0f{sd' f/L ;'jb] Ln]
    eGg'eof] . g]kfnL sfFu;] | n] cf/If0f, Pdfnn]
    ## k|ltzt / Pdfcf]jfbLn] hg;+Vofsf]
    cfwf/df ;xefuL u/fpg] elgP tfklg
    ;f] s'/fsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\
    sfjf k|dv
    ' lgjf{rg cfo'St gLns07
    pk|t] Ln] eGg'eof] . k|To]s /fhgLlts bndf
    dlxnfsf] ## k|ltzt ;xeflutflagf bn
    btf{ ug{] a]nfdf g} cfof]un] dlxnf;lxtsf]
    ;dfj]zL x'gk' g{] c8fg b'O{ jif{l3b]lv /fVb}
    cfPsf] 5, ;a} lgsfon] ## k|ltzt
    clwsf/sf] clgjfo{kdf sfof{Gjog
    x'gk{ 5{ pxfFn] yKg'eof] .

    /fatOfc t]u (@ hf];c nf; *^)@

    ;/sf/ ;xL gLltf/f


    ;~rflnt ePg
    s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] g} lglZrt wf/0ff lgdf{0f u5{ / ToxLcg';f/
    xfdL cufl8 a9\5f} .
    xfdL Pp6f lhDd]jf/ qmflGtsf/L ePsfn] s]Gb|Lo
    ;ldltdf kf6L{leqsf ;d:ofx?df 5nkmn eO{ To;sf]
    qmflGtsf/L ;dfwfg lg:sG5 eGg]df 9'Ss 5f} .

    ;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL
    ) kf6L{sf] u'6ut e]nf /f]lsPsf]
    5, s] ;fF R r} kf6L{ l eqsf]
    ljjfb 6' l Ps} xf] <
    xfd|f] kf6L{ cWoIfn] oxL @( ut]
    e]nf af]nfPsf] ;'lgof] / Tof] e]nf
    /fli6o e]nf xf] eGg] aflx/ k|rf/afhL
    ul/Psf] lyof] . To;af/]df a'bf
    cWoIfn] cfgf] wf/sf], cfgf] u'6sf]
    e]nf af]nfPsf] yfxf kfOof] / To;}nfO{
    /fli6o e]nf eg]/ b]ze
    } l/ k|rf/afhL
    ul/Psf] /x]5 / ;~rf/ dfWoddf
    klg ToxL 9n] k|rf/ ul/Psf] /x]5 .
    Tof] yfxf kfO;s] k l5 xfdLn]
    ls/0fhLdfk{mt\, afbnhLdfk{mt\ /
    pxfFx b'js
    } f] ;+oQ
    ' m kdf klg of]
    cfgf] ;d"xsf] e]nf af]nfP/ /fli6o
    e]nf eg]/ k|rf/afhL ug'{ j}rfl/s

    b[li6n], gLltut b[li6n] klg unt


    eof] . ;+u7gsf] b[li6n] cWoIfn] g}
    o:tf] e]nf ug{ yfn]kl5 kf6L{ k'm6lt/
    hfG5 / o;sf] ;Dk"0f{ bf]if cWoIfnfO{
    hfG5 . ;d"xsf] e]nf af]nfP/ /fli6o
    e] n fsf] k| r f/afhL ug' { cfkm} F d f
    cg}lts / sfo/tf xf] . To;sf/0f
    Tof] unt lyof] eGof}F / e]nf /f]lsPsf]
    5.
    d"n s'/f t c;f]h !# ut] s]Gb|Lo
    ;ldltsf] a}7s tf]lsPsf] lyof] .
    Tof]aLrdf bz}F klg k/]sf] / cWoIf
    cfk}mF n] cg'/f]w u/]/ kf6L{leqsf] l:ylt
    cln uDeL/ eof], o;nfO{ ;sf/fTds
    lbzflt/ n} h fgsf] lglDt s] x L
    cEof;x ug'k{ g]{ ePsf]n] s]xL ;do
    cfjZos eof] eg]/ bz}Fkl5 a}7s

    xfd|} kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf ag]sf] ;/sf/sf]


    sf/0f b]zsf] /fhgLlts d'2f /
    hgtfsf hghLjLsf;Fu ;DalGwt
    cfsf+Iff / ck]Iffxdfly kl5Nnf]
    lbgdf h'g lg/fzf 5fPsf] 5, o;n]
    cfdsfo{stf{ / hgtf b'MvL 5g\ eGg]
    s'/f ;xL xf] .
    --of] ;/sf/ h'g hudf aGof], h;nfO{
    rf/ a'bF ] elgG5 . rf/ a'bF n
    ] fO{ k9\bf / rf/
    a'bF s
    ] f] cGt/j:t'nfO{ x]bf{ To;}sf]
    Jojxfl/s cleJolQmafx]s /IffdGqL
    z/t\l;+x e08f/Ln] lbPsf]
    cleJolQmnfO{ csf]{ kdf lng' ls t
    d"vf{tf x'G5 ls a]OdfgL jf abdf;L x'G5 .
    --rf/ a'b
    s
    ] f] hudf ;/sf/ u7g /
    ;/sf/n] u/]sf sltko
    cfklQhgs lqmofsnfkx,
    36gfx h;n] cfdhgtfnfO{
    lrlGtt / t/lt agfPsf] 5 .

    v8\uaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{ k|sf08, kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL


    u/f}F eg]/ pxfF cfk}Fmn] ;do dfUg'
    ePsf] xf] . of]aLrdf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf]
    a}7ssf] tof/L ul//xg' ePsf] xf]nf
    eg]sf] t cWoIf cfk}Fmn] u'6ut e]nf
    af]nfpg' eP5 . xfdL t s]Gb|Lo
    ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] tof/Ldf kf] h'6\g]
    xf] / s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf
    5nkmn u/]/ kf6L{leqsf dtdtfGt/
    / ljjfbsf ljifoxdf Pp6f lgrf]8
    lgsfnf}F eGg]df lyof}F . kf6L{ sfo{stf{
    / cfdhgtfn] rfx]sf] s'/f klg oxL
    lyof] . To;}n] oxL sflts !& ut]
    s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s a:g] /
    of]aLrdf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7ssf]
    nflu ;sf/fTds kxn ug] { ,
    ;sf/fTds cleJolQm lbg] ,
    ;sf/fTds lqmofsnfkx cufl8
    a9fpg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . o;n]
    lglZrt kdf ljutsf] l:yltaf6
    Pp6f ;sf/fTds lbzflt/ uPsf]
    5 . ca s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 o;n]
    s:tf] k lnG5 < Tof] x]g{ afFsL g}
    5 . xfdL Pp6f lhDd]jf/ qmflGtsf/L
    ePsfn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf kf6L{leqsf
    ;d:ofxdf 5nkmn eO{ To;sf]
    qmflGtsf/L ;dfwfg lg:sG5 eGg]df
    9'Ss 5f}F .
    ) ;/sf/sf axfnjfnf dGqLn]
    g} b]z 6'qmg ;Sg] ;fj{hlgs
    cleJolQm lbPsf 5g\ . o;
    ljifodf s] eGg' x ' G 5 <
    of] ;/sf/ h'g hudf aGof],
    h;nfO{ rf/ a'bF ] elgG5 . rf/ a'bF n
    ] fO{
    k9\bf / rf/ a'Fb]sf] cGt/j:t'nfO{
    x] b f{
    To;} s f]
    Jojxfl/s
    cleJolQmafx]s /IffdGqL z/t\l;+x
    e08f/Ln] cleJolQmnfO{ csf]{ kdf

    lng' ls t d"vf{tf x'G5 ls a]OdfgL


    jf abdf;L x' G 5 . of] ;/sf/
    hgfwf/sf] hu / kl/jt{gsfdL
    /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] hueGbf k[ys
    huaf6 ag]sf] 5, h;n] clxn]sf
    /fli6 o d' 2 f hgtfsf /fli6 o
    cfsf+IffnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;Sb}g eGg]
    s'/f gLltut b[li6n], ;}4flGts b[li6n]
    To;}a]nf k|i6 eO;s]sf] s'/f xf] .
    clxn] kl5Nnf] lbgdf Jojxfl/s
    b[li6n] k"/f ePsf] 36gfqmd dfq xf] .
    rf/ a'Fb]sf] hudf ;/sf/ u7g /
    ;/sf/n] u/]sf sltko cfklQhgs
    lqmofsnfkx, 36gfx h;n]
    cfdhgtfnfO{ lrlGtt / t/lt
    agfPsf] 5 .
    ) s] ;/sf/sf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt
    ePsf] eGg vf]Hg' ePsf] xf] <
    of]aLrsf ;a} 36gfqmd x]bf{
    ;/sf/sf] cufl8 uDeL/ k|Zg v8f
    ePsf] b]lvG5 . of] ;fdfGo xf]Og .
    ) ca dfcf]jfbLsf] /0fgLltrflxF
    s:tf] x'G5 t <
    klxnf] s'/f kf6L{leqsf] ax;nfO{
    Jofks agfpF 5 f} F . o;nfO{
    kfGt/0fsf] lbzflt/ cufl8 a9fO{
    kf6L{nfO{ PsLs[t agfP/ cufl8
    a9\5f}F . csf]{ s'/f, ;/sf/sf] ljifo
    kl5Nnf] r/0fdf h' g s' / fx
    pl7/x]sf 5g\, tL ljifonfO{ klg
    kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf
    5nkmn u5f}+{ . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] g}
    lglZrt wf/0ff lgdf{ 0 f u5{ /
    ToxLcg';f/ xfdL cufl8 a9\5f}F .
    ) kf6L{s} g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ u7g
    ePsf] 5, kf6L{ l eq Jofks
    ljjfb 5, sfo{stf{x lg/f;

    5g\, hgtfx cfqmfGt 5g\,


    s;/L cufl8 a9\g' x'G5 <
    xfdLn] dfwj g]kfnsf] ;/sf/nfO{
    s7\k'tnL eGof}F, bnfn eGof}F, h;n]
    g]kfndf /fhgLlts ;d:ofsf] klg
    y'k|f] nufof], hghLjLsf, hgtfsf
    ;jfnnfO{ c;/Nn kfof] / To;
    ;/sf/nfO{ x6fof} F . To;kl5
    emngfysf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ agfof}F .
    emngfysf] ;/sf/n] ;sf/fTds
    sfdx cufl8 a9fpF b } Y of] t/
    /fhgLlts l:yltdf hl6ntf
    cfPsf]n] pxfFn] /fhLgfdf lbg'kof] .
    kl5 xfd|} kf6L{sf] pkfWoIf 8f= afa'/fd
    e/fO{sf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ aGof] . xfd|}
    kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf ag]sf] ;/sf/sf]
    sf/0f b]zsf] /fhgLlts d'2f /
    hgtfsf hghLjLsf;Fu ;DalGwt
    cfsf+Iff / ck]Iffxdfly kl5Nnf]
    lbgdf h'g lg/fzf 5fPsf] 5, o;n]
    cfdsfo{stf{ / hgtf b'MvL 5g\ eGg]
    s'/f ;xL xf] .
    ;/sf/ ;xL gLltf/f ;~rflnt
    ePg . clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df ;/sf/
    k|ultzLn, cu|ufdL ;f]rxnfO{,
    k|jl[ QxnfO{ ;fy lnP/ hfg ;s]g
    eg] To;n] cfdg]kfnL hgtfsf]
    efjfgfsf], ljrf/sf] / rfxgfsf] klg
    sb/ ug{ ;Sb}g . st} g st} oxL
    km/s k/] s f] 5 h:tf] nfU5 .
    To;sf/0f hgtf lrlGtt ag]sf 5g\

    / o;nfO{ gofF 9n] ;Daf]wg ug]{,


    gofF 9n] ;dfwfg ug]l{ t/ nfUg'k5{ .
    ) cGTodf cfdhgtfnfO{ s]
    clkn ug' { rfxg' x ' G 5 <
    kl5nf] lbgdf xfd|f] qmflGtsf]
    k|lqmofdf xfdL ;+qmd0fsfndf 5f}F,
    ;+qmd0fsfn nlDaPsf] 5 . ;qmd0f
    eGgf ;fy clnlt a9L kL8fbfoL, cln
    a9L cGof]nu|:t / cln a9L 7"n7"nf
    k|Zg o;n] hGdfpg' t lglZrt
    kdf x'G5 g} . t/, of] ;+qmd0fsfnn]
    g]kfnL hgtf cln a9L g} kLl8t
    ePsf 5g\ . hgtfdf cln a9L
    lrGtf g} ylklbPsf] 5, hgtfn]
    clna9L b'Mv kfPsf 5g\ . o;nfO{
    k|;j kL8fsf] kdf lnFb} hgtfsf]
    efjgf / cfsf+Iffcg';f/sf] ;+ljwfg
    agfpg / Tof] ;+ljwfgn] ;+:yfut
    ug]{ hgtfsf] ;+3Lo u0ftGqfTds
    Joj:yfsf] /Iff ug]{ d]?b08sf] sfd
    ug]{ /fli6o ;]gf lgdf{0fsf] lglDt Ps
    k6s lg/fz geO{sg kxnsbdL lnO
    lbg d cfdg]kfnLnfO{ clkn ub{5' .
    ;fy} xfdLn] /fi6sf] kl/jt{g, g]kfnL
    hgtfsf] kl/jt{g / oxfFsf] /fHo
    Joj:yfsf] kl/jt{ g sf] lglDt
    hf]lvdk"0f{ qmflGtsf] af6f] /f]h]sf]
    x'gfn] hgtfn] k"0f{ :jtGqtf / k"0f{
    d'lQm gkfpFbf;Dd hgtfsf] kIfdf
    xfdL lg/Gt/ nl8/xg] 5f}F eGg]
    k|lta4tf klg JoQm ug{ rfxG5' .

    ;+u7gsf] b[li6n] cWoIfn] g} o:tf] e]nf


    ug{ yfn]kl5 kf6L{ k'm6lt/ hfG5 /
    o;sf] ;Dk"0f{ bf]if cWoIfnfO{ hfG5 .
    ;d"xsf] e]nf af]nfP/ /fli6o e]nfsf]
    k|rf/afhL ug'{ cfkm}dF f cg}lts /
    sfo/tf xf] .
    --clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df ;/sf/ k|ultzLn,
    cu|ufdL ;f]rx?nfO{, k|jl[ Qx?nfO{
    ;fy lnP/ hfg ;s]g eg] To;n]
    cfdg]kfnL hgtfsf] efjfgfsf],
    ljrf/sf] / rfxgfsf] klg sb/ ug{
    ;Sb}g . st} g st} oxL km/s k/]sf]
    5 h:tf] nfU5 .

    /fatOfc t]u (@ hf];c nf; *^)@

    g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! sf] ;fy{stf

    ko{6g jif{ @)!!sf] cleofg clxn]


    ;':tfPsf] 5 . ko{6g;Da4 lgsfoxn]
    cleofgsf] z'ef/Dedf pT;fxk"jd{ u/]sf
    x/]s k|lta4tfx lbgk|ltlbg lg/fzfdf
    kl/0ft eO/x] s f 5g\ . ko{ 6 g
    Joj;foLxn] ko{6g jif{sf] cleofg
    gf/fdf dfq ;Lldt ePsf] eGg] clGtd
    lgrf]9 lgsfln;s]sf 5g\ eg] cleofgaf/]
    plxn]sf] syf ;'gfP h;/L c?nfO{
    3f]sfpg'l;jfo b]z / hgtfsf] nflu
    pknlAw xfl;n ug{ g;s]sf] s'/f klg
    clxn];Ddsf] cj:yfn] k|:6fO;s]sf] 5 .
    oL ;d:ofxsf] lg/fs/0f x'g g;Sg'sf]
    k5fl8 ;DalGwt lgsfoxsf]
    u}/lhDd]jf/ g} k|dv
    ' /x]sf] eGg] k|z:t}
    cfwf/x 5g\ . oBlk cleofgsf]
    l;nl;nfdf cleofgnfO{ dfWod agfP/
    Joj;flos nfe lng]xsf] xflnd'xfnL
    klg gePsf] xf]Og . To:t} rl/q clxn]
    klg ko{6g ahf/df 5ofK5ofKtL 5g\
    eGbf km/s gknf{ . ko{6gsf] pTs[i7
    uGtJoxdWo] g]kfnsf] 5'} ko{6sLo
    ;fg 5 . g] k fnsf ko{ 6 sLo
    ;Defjgfxaf/] JofVof ljZn]if0f u/]/
    ;fWo 5}g . oxfFsf vf]nfgfnf, kfvf kv]/f,
    jgh+un, tfntn}of, lxdfn kxf8, u'kmf,
    lhjhGt', ljleGg hfthfltsf km/s
    km/s ;+:sf/ ;+:s[lt, g]kfnLkgsf
    ko{6sLo ultljlwxn] :jt:k'mt{kdf
    ko{6snfO{ ;b}j :jfut ug{ tTk/
    /xg]5 . oxfFsf ljleGg ;xfl;s ko{6g,
    v] n ko{ 6 g, hnko{ 6 g, wfld{ s
    ko{6gnufot P]ltxfl;s, ;f+:s[lts,
    k'/fTjlts ;Dkbfx klg ko{6gsf
    cfsif{0fx x'g\ . vf;u/L cleofgnfO{
    ;xL lbzftkm{ 8f]ofpgsf nflu gofF
    uGtJosf] klxrfg u/L To;sf] k|a4{g
    ug{, gofFgofF ko{6sLo Kofs]h tof/
    kf/]/ cGt/f{li6o :t/;Dd k|rf/k|;f/
    ug{nufotsf sfd ug{k' g]{ lyof] /
    Joj;foLx klg To:t} jftfj/0fsf]
    kvf{Odf lyP . t/ Tof] x'gs
    ' f] ;f
    :jb]zleqs} ;Lldt 7fpFxdf ko{6g
    jif{ @)!!sf] ofnL lk6fOof] a;\ .
    ;du|df eGg'kbf{ gf/fdfkm{t\ cleofgsf]
    ofnL lk6fOd} yf]/ax't /sd klg
    vr{ u/]/ ;sfOof] . cleofgsf] nflu
    ljlgof]lht @# s/f]8 /fHosf] ah]6sf]
    ;xL ;b'kof]u klg ug{ ;lsPg cyf{t\
    sfo{qmlds kdf ;DalGwt lgsfosf]
    tof/L gx'bF f !@ s/f]8 k}ofF cGt/fli6o
    k|j4{gdf vr{n] of]hgf eP klg ;'Ssfsf]
    k|j4{g ul/Pg . ko{6g ljsf; ug{] eg]/
    lgsfox a9L k|fk] f]u08fsf] tl/sfaf6
    dfq k|:t't ePsf] b]lvG5 . k"jo{ f/Lsf]
    qmddf cfjZos ko{6sLo k"jf{wf/xsf]
    vfFrf] a'em]g / s'g} 7fpF To;nfO{ a'em]/
    klg c6]/ u/] h;/L ;dfwfg vf]lhPg .

    oBlk k"j{tof/L / k"jf{wf/ljgfsf]


    cleofgn] s]xL pknlAw b]nf eGg] cfzf
    ug{ cfkm}dF f d"vt{ f x'g ;Snf . ;/sf/n]
    ;g\ @)!! nfO{ /fli6o cleofgsf] kdf
    dgfpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] cfh sl/a cf7
    dlxgfsf] ;do Joltt eO;s]sf] 5 .
    cleofgsf] cjlwdf !) nfv ljb]zL
    ko{6s leqfpg] g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
    dxTjsfIfL nIo k"/f ug{ s'g} cfwf/ to
    ug{ ;lsPg / Tof] k|of; klg vf;} ePg .
    t}klg cl3Nnf jif{xsf] t'ngfdf o;
    jif{sf] x/]s dlxgf lg/Gt/ ko{6ssf] ;+Vof
    al9/xg' ;s/fTds kIf xf] . o; cjlwdf
    xjfO dfu{ x'bF } g]kfn cfpg] ko{6ssf]

    a9L afXo jfo';j] f sDkgLxdfkm{t\


    ljb]lzg] ub{5 . ljut nfdf] ;do v8\lsFb}
    cfPsf] of] ;d:of ;a}nfO{ yfxf eP klg
    clxn];Dd o;sf] ;dfwfg ePsf] 5}g /
    cem} klg l5} ;'wf/ cfpF5 eGg] hf]s;}n]
    ;f]Rg' unt x'g;S5 . ko{6sLo
    k"jf{wf/lagfsf] cleofg hlt;'s} dgfP
    klg To;sf] cy{ x'g ;Sb}g . To;}n]
    g]kfnsf] Psdfq /fli6o Wjhfjfxs
    lgud;Fu ePsf hxfhxsf] ;'wf/ ug{
    / gofF hxfh vl/bsf] k|lqmofnfO{
    l56f]eGbf l56f] 6'f]df k'ofpg'sf] clxn]
    ljsNk 5}g . of] ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
    kxn x'g' k5{ To;f] ePdfq ;a}sf]

    ;+Vofdf cl3Nnf] jif{eGbf sl/a @@


    k|ltztn] j[l4 eP/ % nfv % ;o %)
    k'us
    ] f] 5 . To;dWo] ef/tLo ko{6s dfq
    Ps nfv #) xhf/ &!& k'us
    ] f] 5 . h'g
    cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf $# k|ltztn]
    a9]sf] xf] . To:t} cGo d'ns
    ' af6 cfpg]
    ko{6ssf] ;+Vofdf !% bzdna $&
    k|ltztn] a9]/ # nfv &) xhf/ ##
    k' u ] s f] 5 . lqe' j g cGt/f{ l i6 o
    ljdfg:yncGtu{t cWoudg ljefun]
    lgsfn]sf] tYofcg';f/ cfly{s jif{
    @)^%^^ df cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf
    !@ bzdna *@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eP/ #
    nfv ^$ xhf/ *@( ko{6s g]kfn
    cfPsf lyP . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df
    $ nfv !! xhf/ %*$ af6 j[l4 eP/
    % nfv &%) k'us
    ] f] xf] . t/, lj8Dagfsf]
    s'/f t s] 5 eg] ko{6s ;+VofTds
    kdf o;/L lg/Gt/ kdf a9] klg
    cfDbfgLdf j[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . of] s'/f
    ;a}n] :jLsf/ klg u5{ . tYof\sdf
    ko{6ssf] ;+Vofdf ePsf] j[l4b/cg';f/
    cfDbfgL ga9\gs
    ' f] k|dv
    ' sf/0f s] xf] <
    clxn] ;a}sf] af]nLdf Ps ktf
    kfOg] yf]ns
    ] f] 5 ls /fli6o Wjhfjfxs
    g]kfn jfo';j] f lgud;Fu kof{Kt hxfh
    5}g . clxn] g]kfn lelqg] k|To]s ko{6sn]
    vr{ u/]sf] /sdsf] %) k|ltzteGbf

    kl/sNkgfn] ;fy{tf kfpF5 . o;cjlwdf


    ePsf k|ult ljj/0fcg';f/ k/Dk/fut
    d]nf dxf]T;j tyf ;]ldgf/ uf]i7LxnfO{
    g]kfn ko{6g af]8n{ ] lg/Gt/tf lbPsf]
    5 . t/ k" j { d ] r Lb] l v klZrd
    dxfsfnL;Ddsf] ko{6sLo ultljlwsf]
    klxrfg ug{ e|ldt / k|rf/afhL u/]sf
    lgsfosf g]tf egfpFbfx clxn] d:t
    lgb|f /x]sf 5g\ . To; qmddf xf]d:6]
    sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]/ u|fdL0f ko{6g
    k|j4{g ug],{ 7"n7"nf xf]l8{ af]8x{ agfP/
    6fFg,] nf]uf] 5fknfO{ Jofkstf kfPsf] 5 .
    lghL Joj;foLxn] klg To;nfO{ /fd|;} uF
    ;fy lbPsf lyP . o;aLrsf] /fli6o
    /fhgLlts ;+qmd0fsfnn] cem o;nfO{
    ;d:ofdf u'hg| afWo agfPsf] xf] .
    kl5Nnf] ;do efif0fdf u/]sf s'/fx
    Jojxf/df ptfg{ g]tfxn] ug{k' g]{ k|of;
    klg sd ePsf] 5 . log} sf/0fn]
    clxn];Ddsf] cjlwdf cleofgsf] vf;}
    bd cfPsf] 5}g . To;f] t clxn] ko{6g
    jif{sf] cleofg k"0f{kdf c;kmn eO;Sof]
    eGg]xsf] ts{ alnof] aGb} uPsf] 5 .
    cfGtl/s ko{6g klg g]kfnsf] nflu clt
    ;fGble{s 5, To;sf] ;fy;fy} ljb]zL
    ko{6s Nofpg ;lsPsf] v08df g]kfnsf]
    cfly{s qmflGt rfF8f] xf]nf . g]kfnsf] ko{6g
    ljsf;sf] ultnfO{ tLj|tf lbg] klxnf]

    v'6l\ snfsf] kaf6 ;'?jftdf ePsf] of]


    cleofg xfd|f] d'ns
    ' sf] ko{6g ljsf;sf
    nflu hlt ;fGble{stf lyof] klxnf] uf;d}
    9'f eGg] g]kfnL pvfgnfO{ cleofgsf]
    qmddf klg /fhgLlts bnxn] rl/tfy{
    u/]/ b]vfPsf 5g\ . ko{6g jif{ cjlwe/
    s'g} klg aGb x8\tfn gug]{ /fhgLlts
    bnxn] u/]sf k|lta4tfsf] ljkl/t
    To:tf pbff] sfdx u/]kl5 pSt g]kfnL
    pvfgdf eg]em}F cleofgsf] klxnf] ofqfdf
    cz'e ;+st] b]vfk/]sf] xf] . /fhgLlts
    bnxs} cu'jfO{df To:tf lqmofsnfk
    wdfwd ;'? ePkl5 s;sf] s] nfuf];\ /
    3f]if0fftfsf pT;fxk"js
    { ko{6gsf nflu
    ;Fu;Fu} eGg] s'/fnfO{ cfTdf;fy ub}{
    xft]dfnf]sf] nflu tTk/tf b]vfPsf
    Joj;foLxn] clxn] To;} s'/fn] Joy{df
    ;do laTof] eGg] ;dLIffx k|ToIf kdf
    ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgLx kl5Nnf] ;dodf
    /fhgLlts bnxsf] lqmofsnfkn] ko{6g
    Joj;fonfO{ w/fzoL ePsf] lgisif{;lxt
    To;lj?4 gplqPsf klg xf]Ogg\ .
    Joj;foLx clxn] cleofgsf] enf]df
    af]Ng] af]nLx ;a} aGb u/]/ cfcfgf]
    af6f]lt/ nfu]sf 5g\ . o;f] x'g' c:jefljs
    xf]Og . t/ ;DalGwt lgsfosf] Wofg
    Totflt/ hfg ;s]sf] cj:yf cem} klg
    xfdLn] b]Vg ;Sb}gf}F . cem} klg cleofgsf]
    s]xL ;do afFsL 5 To;cjlwdf sDtLdf
    klg ko{6g jif{sf] ;fy{tf k|i6 kfg{
    ;lsPsf] v08df g]kfnsf] ko{6g ljsf;df
    yk s]xL /fxt ldNYof] . To;}n] clxn];Dd
    c?nfO{ luHofpg] dfq sfd ul//x]sf]
    ;DalGwt lgsfo g]kfn ko{6g af]8{ ko{6g
    jif{ @)!!sf] ;lrjfno tyf ;a}
    kIfnuft x/]s Joj;foLxn] klg cfgf]
    :jy{nfO{ dfq gx]//] lgsfoxnfO{
    emSemsfpg] sfd ug{ h?/L b]lvG5 .
    ko{6sLo jftfj/0f tof/ ug{ s]xL xb;Dd
    o;n] e"ldsf v]Ng] cfzf lng ;lsG5 .
    To;nfO{ gsf/fTds kIfaf6 dfq x]g{
    pko'St gxf]nf . lsgls o;n] k|ToIf
    kdf k|ltkmn glbP klg s]xL g s]xL
    o;sf ;sf/fTds kIf klg 5g\ . h:tf]
    ls o; cleofgcGtu{tsf] hgr]tgfn]
    csf]{ jif{ ko{6s j[l4df 7"nf] of]ubfg k'ofpg]
    hfgsf/xsf] egfO 5 . ko{6g jif{sf]
    cleofgn] tof/ kf/]sf ko{6g jftfj/0fnfO{
    lg/Gt/tf lbg g;Sbf cf]em]ndf k/]sf] xf]
    ls eGg] cfdhgdfg;df e|d k/]sf] xf] .
    of] cjlwdf ug{k' g]{ sfdx w]/} ePsf
    5}gg\ . o;nfO{ ;DalGwt kIfn] uDeL/
    Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 eg] lghL ko{6g
    Joj;foL tyf cfdg]kfnL hgtfx
    To;nfO{ ;xL af6f]df 8f]ofpg] kIfdf
    plePsf] v08df dfq ko{6g jif{n] ;fy{tf
    kfpg ;S5 cGoyf ;Lldt dfG5]xsf]
    sdfO{ vfg] efF8f] gaGnf eGg] s] Uof/]G6L <

    wfld{s ;f+:s[lts :yn / kj{ Jofkf/ /


    ljs[ltsf c+l;of/ aGg k'us
    ] f] 5 . x]/f},F x]b{ }
    hfpm sxfFsxfF s]s] x'G5 < t/ cfh of]
    sndsf] y'tg' f] 7]nfuf8fsf] cfn' / ;'Gb/Lsf]
    tfn'tkm{ w'Gd'G8]sf] 5 . dnfO{ ;Demgf 5
    Pp6f sfnf] j0f{sf] dflg; b}lgs 7]nfuf8fdf
    cfn' lnP/ uNnLuNnL cfpFYof] . uNnLsf
    afl;Gbfn] d:of{ / ;:of{ eGb} ufnL ug{,
    s's/' x e'Sg] s'/faf6 cflht x'bF } p ToxL
    uNnLsf] rf}sd} 7]nfuf8f /f]s/] a:g yfNof] .
    p uNnLleq hfg} 5f8\of] . d]/f] 3/ glhs}sf]
    Tof] rf}sdf jl/kl/sf dflnSgLx,
    dflnsx clg s;}sf sfdbf/x cfpF5g\,
    /fv]sf cfn' otf kmsf}5{ g\ . ptf kmsf}5{ g,
    xftn] lyR5g\, 5fnf uPsf] guPsf] . s'lxPsf]
    gs'lxPsf] x]5{ clg rflxPsf] hlt emf]nfdf
    xfN5g\ . o;n] To;n] 5fGbf5fGb} ;a}nfO
    /fd|f] nfu]/ g} t xf]nf dWofGx;Dddf p;n]
    /fv]sf] cfn' ;lsGYof] . lylRrPsf lslRrPsf
    klg ;a} laSYof], 7]nfuf8f vfnL x'GYof] .
    d;{of eg]/ ;Daf]wg ul/g] p b kb}{ af6f]
    nfUYof] . ca d ;f]Rg afWo x'G5' s] ;a}
    cfn' /fd|f] lyof] t < 5fGg]n] s] 5fg] <
    5f]8g\ n] ] s] 5f]8] < cflv/ ;a} cfn' 5fGg
    gkg]{ g} lyof] t < jf /fd|f] eGg'kg]{ afWotf
    s] lyof] < ha ;a} cfn' laS5 eg] g/fd|f]
    s'g} lyPg xf]nf t < xfd|f] clN5kg ls
    h:tf] eP lg rN5 eGg] ;f]rfO < cflv/
    ;a} cfn' 5gf}6df kof] 7"nfa8fb]lv ;fgf
    a8f;Ddsf] efG;fsf] s/fO{df pk|mLpk|mL
    kfSof] . cfn' vfP/ ;a} b eP . cflv/
    dgdf lh1f;f p7\5, s'g lyof] t ;a}eGbf
    /fd|f] cfn' < jf g/fd|f] cfn' < xf] To:t}
    clxn] xfd|f] ;dfhdf ld; g]kfn, ld;

    uf]kfn, ld; !^, =!&, ld; u'Gb|s


    ' , ld;
    h]/L, ld; g]K6L, ld; e'G6L, ld; uNnL,
    ld; 6'sr
    ' f, ld; afudtL, ld; wf]aL vf]nf,
    ld; afv|f uf]7fnL, ld; h+un kFm8fgLb]lv
    ld;]h 8g, ld;]h eL jfNgL, ld;]h gnL
    v'L cflbcflb gfdsf ;'Gb/L k|ltof]lutf
    eO/fv]sf] ;dfrf/ k9\g kfOPsf] 5 . ;w}F
    lalrq rdTsf/sf] ;kgf b]Vg] :jb]z t
    :jb]z g} eOxfNof] ca x'bF fx'bF f ljb]zdf klg
    ;fOnLdfOnL gGb, efph'xsf] tfn'df
    Knfl:6ssf] >Lk]r 3';fg]{ /x/n] lzv/ r'ds
    ] f]
    b]lvG5 . ld; sf]sf{nL, ld; uf]vf{nL, ld;
    l;lGsjfnL s]s] xf], s]s] gfd klg nx8
    5 /x/ 5 7]nfuf8fsf] cfn' em}F ;a}nfO{ x]g] {
    /x/ ;a}nfO b]vfpg] /x/ 5 . lhTg] d'Ssfg
    a]R5g xfg{ la:dt / ljjfbsf] v]tL u5{ .
    xfdL uf]vf{nLdf afb/sf] dfq xf]Og e]8f
    :jefj klg ljBdfg 5 . tfn'df cfn'
    kmn]sf] x]gn{ fO{ ;s];Dd x'g;] Dd 5f]6f n'uf
    nufP/ laGbf; b kf/]afkt tfh /] < qmfpg
    /] < s]sf k'mSsf nufpF5g\ clg kmf]6f
    lvrfp5g\ . lrg] glrg]sf hf] xf]; awfO{
    eGg]nfO{ cFufnf] xfN5g\, v]n vQd k};f
    xhd . dnfO eg] ToxL 7]nfuf8fsf] cfn'sf]
    km]l/ ;Demgf x'G5 cflv/ 7]nfuf8fsf] cfn'
    em}F 6f]n6f]n, ju{ju{, y/y/ / 3/3/af6
    cnucnu ;'Gb/L k|ltof]lutf ug]{ xf] eg]
    Tof] cfn' 5fGg] / ;'Gb/L 5fGg] ;+:sf/df
    km/s s] < pxL s'/f] ofb cfpF5 s'g cfn'
    ;a}eGbf /fd|f] eg]em} sf] x'g t ;a}eGbf
    ;'Gb/L < ljljw gfdsf ;'Gb/Lxsf] tfn'df
    cfn' /f]Kg] v]tLdf dnhn xfNg] v]tfnfxsf]
    lgot / lgoltsf] sf/f]af/sf] kbf{ k5fl8
    slt Odfgbf/ < slt :jR5 < / slt

    pTkfbsd"ns 5 < ;f]Rg'kg]{ a]nf ePsf]


    5 . Tof] hft jf ju{n] uof] ca xfdL of]
    hft jf ju{n] lsg gug{ eGg] ;f]rn] k|fT] ;fxg
    kfPsf] b]lvG5 . o;n] ubf{ ;'Gb/L
    k|ltof]lutfsf] cGt/f{li6o dfGotf / dd{nfO{
    ljs[t / pkxf; k"0f{ agfpFb5} . wt'/f] /
    u'/fF;sf] k"mn aLrsf] leGgtfnfO Pp6}
    7]nfuf8fdf xfn]/ a]Rg] k|of; ePsf] 5 .
    km]l/ klg eGg'kg]{ x'G5 . lxhf] ljs[lt b]Vg]
    cfFvf cfh ;+:s[lt eGg yfn]sf] 5, lxhf]
    3[0ff ug{ ToxL ;d'bfo cfh To;}nfO k"hf
    ug{ bf}l8Psf] 5 . a'em]/ xf] ls Jo\o u/]/ xf]
    Oltxf;l;t ;d]t dhfs ul/Fb5} . b]zdf
    /fhf ofFlsP t/ ca lnulnu] bf}8 ;'?
    ePsf] 5 . o:t} vfn] e2f dhfs k|jl[ Q
    h:t} ePsf] 5, xfd|f] ;'Gb/L k|ltof]lutf .
    ju{, y/ / If]qLoh:tf ljljw gfd lbP klg
    :yfgLo jf /fli6o klx/g k'msfn]/ cfofltt
    kf/bzL{ / 5f]6f] klx/g nufOG5 . s] o;n]
    Tof] ju{ jf y/ s} pkxf; ub}g{ < s;/L
    eof] t 3f]lift y/ jf ju{sf] k|ltlglwTj <
    b]z clxn] ;'Ts]/L cfdfem}F 56k6fO/x]sf]
    5 . Pp6f dL7f] / ;'Gb/ eljiosf] cfzfdf
    b]zn] Tof] kL8f ;x]sf] 5 . xfdLn] PsPs
    sbd / ldg]6df /fli6o klxrfg, ;'/Iff,
    ar{Zj, ljlzi7 df}lnstf sfod /fVg ;r]t
    / ;Ifd 5f} eGg] ;Gb]z ;+;f/nfO{ lbg ;s]gf}F
    eg] tdfd cfofltt ljs[ltsf] ef/Ln] Ps
    lbg b]z, xfd|f] klxrfg / df}lnstfnfO{ ;dfKt
    kfg{5] . cfgf] df}lnstfnfO ;'/lIft ub}{
    ;sf/fTds kIfsf] dfq gSsn u/f}F . xfd|f]
    ljlzi7 ;+:s[lt / klxrfgnfO{ efjL k':tfdf
    x:tfGt/0f ug]{ cljef/fnfO lhDd]jf/L k"j{
    lgefpg' xfdL ;a}sf] st{Jo xf] .

    k|sfz vfln

    7]nfuf8fsf] cfn' / ;'Gb/Lsf] tfn'

    z]v/ 9'u+ n]
    x'g t eG5g\ kfunsf] l; pd|bg}
    Sof/] < c?nfO{ 9'fd'8f gu?Gh]n / gf}
    lxF8g\ gyfn'Gh]n h]h:tf] ljs[ltsf] v]tL
    u/] klg l;w} kfun eGg klg gldNg] s:tf]
    cK7\of/f] t/ ;fdfGo r]tgfeGbf 6f9f /
    a]ts
    ' sf ultljlw ug]{ u/fpg], ;xefuL /
    k|fT] ;flxt x'g] ;a}nfO s] eGg] < s;nfO{
    ;f]Wg' < v;v; eof] xf] ufF7] s] ug]{ xf]nf <
    of] g Tof] ;a} pxL 8\ofsf d'nf eGof
    p:t} / p:t} :jfb, v]tfnf] dfq km]l/P5
    Hofnf dfq a9]sf] /x]5 cflv/ d'nf t d'nf
    g} /x]5 lxhf] / cfhsf]df 5}g lg xf] s]xL
    km/s d'nf vfof] pxL e'ml;nf] ljZj d}
    ukmf8L gDa/ jg pkflw k|fKt xfdL g]kfnL,
    v} of] n]v k|sflzt x'bF f;Dd st} b]zs} gfd
    klg k|ltufdLn] Gjf/g u/]sf] eg]/ kl/jt{g
    eP/ sf]xL ljb]zL kl08tsf] ;Nnfxdf cs}{
    x'g klg a]/ 5}g xf] . xfd|f] b]zsf] gfd nx8,
    k|of]u, c;kmntf clg v]nf}gfsf w]/} d]nf
    e}/xg] x'gfn] s] gfd /fVg] eGg] g} 7"nf]
    ax;sf] s'/f] eP/ g} 3f]if0ff ug{ c8\lsPsf]
    xf]nf . n'uf km]/] ca 6f]kL km]nf{g,\ cfgf]
    hlt k'msfNb} la:tf/} c?sf] nfpnfg\ ===o:t}
    xf] b]zsf] rng eGb} Ps lbg gf} lxF8g\ ]
    afgL ug'k{ 5{ eGb} d'L p7fpnfg\ < afFRg'
    k5{ s]s] b]Vg kfOG5 eGy] s'/f] t xf] /}5 lg
    xf], lxhf] ljs[lt b]Vg] of] cfFvf To;}nfO{
    ;+:s[lt eGg afWo x'g' k/]sf] 5 . of] ;dfh
    lxhf] h]nfO{ 3[0ff uYof]{ cfh To;}sf] Kof/f]
    aGg a's;{ ' L df/]/ bf}8g yfn]sf] 5 . lxhf]
    tk:jL u'?x a:g] agsfnLdf cfh ne
    u'? u'?cfdf bf}8g yfn]sf 5g\ . s;}nfO{
    x]g{ nfh ef] /] s;}nfO{ b]Vb} 8fxf ef] /] .

    ko{6sLo ;Defjgf af]ss] f] /fdk'/


    ;b/d'sfd 3f]/fxLb]lv * lsnf]ld6/ k"j{df kg]{ /fdk'/ uflj; lhNnfs}
    gd'gf uflj;leq kb{5 . s[lif / t/sf/L pTkfbgsf nflu k|Voft o; uflj;df
    kxf8L If]q / ;dtn e"efu kb{5 . k"j{df xfFl;k'/, klZrddf nIdLk'/,
    pQ/df sfe|] / blIf0fdf r}nfxL uflj;sf] aLrdf /x]sf] of] uflj; jftfj/0fLo
    kn] x/fe/f / /d0fLo /x]sf] 5 . oxfF w]/} bx, dlGb/ / cUnf n]sx kg]{
    ePsfn] o; uflj;n] ko{6sLo ;DefjgfnfO{ af]s]sf] 5 . o; uflj;leq
    ef]6]bx, rl/\u] bx, u9L n]s, hfnkfb]jL dlGb/, lzj dlGb/ cflb k|fs[lts
    ljz]iftf /x]sf 7fpFx kb{5g\ . bfsf cGo uflj;sf] t'ngfdf ;'ud dflgPklg
    /fdk'/sf ;a} j8f / ufpF 7fpFnfO{ df]6/ af6f] / lah'nL aQLsf] ;'ljwfn] 5'g
    ;s]sf] 5}g . /fdk'/s} ;f]/]6Lh:tf 7fpFx klg 5g\, hxfFsf hgtf ;/sf/L
    ;'ljwf t s] ;b/d'sfd cfpg dfq} lbge/sf] ;do nfU5 eg] uflj; sfof{nodf
    k'Ug & 306f nfUg] u5{ . Pp6f pk:jf:Yo rf}sL, b'Oj{ 6f pRr dflj, Ps
    lgdflj / !) k|fylds ljBfno /x]sf] o; uflj;df )^% ;fnsf] tYof
    ;j]{If0f cg';f/ !$ xhf/ (% /x]sf] lyof] . oxfFsf] s'n hg;+Vofsf] ^*=*@
    k|ltzt hgtf ;fIf/ /x]sf 5g\ . o; uflj;df afx'g, If]qL, yf?, du/,
    g]jf/, s'dfn, 7s'/L / of]uLxsf] cnfjf blnt hfltxsf] a;f]af; a9L
    /x]sf] tYofn] b]vfpF5 . h;cg';f/ uflj;df /x]sf blnt hfltxsf] ;+Vof
    @)=!* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] afx'g / If]qL ldnfP/ !( k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
    To:t} du/sf] @) k|ltzt, yf? !* k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ . o; uflj;sf
    hgtfsf] d'Vo k]zf s[lif / Joj;flos t/sf/L v]tL /x]sf] 5 . clxn] o;
    uflj;df df}/L kfng Joj;fo km:6fpFb} hfg yfn]sf] 5 . oxfF ckf\utf
    ePsf JolStxsf] ;+Vof $ ;o %( /x]sf] 5 . ;~rf/sf ;fwg / ;'ljwfxaf6
    glhs /x]sf] o; uflj;df Ps tYof cg';f/ Ps w'/ klg hldg gePsfxsf]
    3/w'/L ;+Vof !% /x]sf] 5 eg] v]tLaf6 # dlxgf klg vfg gk'Ug] 3/kl/jf/sf]
    ;+Vof ^ ;o !) /x]sf] 5 . cGoq h:t} o; uflj;sf ljkGg kl/jf/sf
    o'jfo'jtLx k};f sdfpgsf nflu ef/tlt/ hfg] u/]sf 5g\ . clxn] of]
    uflj;df PrcfO{eL ;+qmldtxsf] ;+Vof ;a}eGbf a9L b]lvg'n] klg oxfFsf
    dfG5]xsf] a9\bf] ljb]lzg] qmdnfO{ emNsfpF5 .
    o; uflj;sf] #@ k|ltzt cfDbfgL s[lifaf6} x'g] u5{, Tof] eGbf a9L a}bl] zs
    /f]huf/af6 #^=** k|ltzt cfDbfgL b]lvG5 . oxfFsf s]xL k|ltzt 3/x
    kSsL, l6g jf 6fonsf] 5fgf]n] 5fPsf] ePklg clwsf+z 3/x v/sf] 5fgf]n]
    5fOPsf 5g\ . ;a}h;f] 3/xdf bfp/fsf] k|of]u x'g] u/]sf] 5 eg] UofF; /
    uf]a/UofF; k|of]u ug]{x klg l56k'6 kfOG5g\ . of] uflj;df zf}rfno
    agfpg]xsf] ;+Vof #& k|ltztaf6 dfly plSn/x]sf] 5 . uflj;df hgtfsf]
    r]tgf:t/ k5f}6] ePklg clxn] kl/jt{gk|ltsf] hfu/0f tLj| 5 . o; uflj;sf
    dlxnf tyf k'?ifxn] Jofj;flos / r]tgfd"ns tflndxdf ;lqmotf a9fpFb}
    hfg yfn]sf] b]lvG5 . dlxnf / k'?ifaLrsf] e]befj / cGwljZjf;nfO{ c\ufNg]sf]
    ;+Vof a9L g} ePklg o'jfb]lv j[4;Dd kl/jt{gnfO{ cfTd;fy ug]{ r]tgfsf]
    ljsf; ePsf] b]lvG5 eg] sfdsfhdf dlxnf / k'?ifaLr ;xsfo{ x'g] u/]sf]
    b]lvG5 . s]xL u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, art C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf, ;fgf ls;fg
    a}snufotsf ljleGg ;+:yfx klg o; uflj;df v'ns
    ] f 5g\ . uflj;leq ;of}F
    lj3f hdLg x'gb] l] v s'g} klg ;+3 ;+:yfxn] clxn];Dd dfnkf]t s/ ga'emfPsf]
    b]lvPsf] 5 . ;fdfGo l;kmfl/; b:t'/ hUuf lsga]raf6 dfnkf]t p7fpFbf
    jflif{s Ps nfv;Dd p7\g] /sd g} uflj;leqsf] cfGtl/s cfDbfgL /x]sf]
    uflj; ;lrj s]zj yfkfn] atfpg' eof] . To;sf ;fy} ;/sf/n] dflyaf6 lbg]
    aflif{s #) nfv g} o; uflj;sf] d'Vo cfo;|ft] aGg k'us
    ] f] pxfFsf] egfO{ 5 .
    ;b/d'sfdb]lv glhs} /x]sf] /fdk'/ uflj;sf] glhs kg]{ nIdLk'/ xfFl;k'/sf]
    df]6/af6f]nfO{ km/flsnf] agfO{ lkr ug'k{ g]{ cfjZostf b]lvG5 eg] 3f]/fxLb]lv
    nfndl6ofsf] r}t;
    ] Dd hf]8g\ ] ljkL dfu{nfO{ k"/f ug'k{ g]{ b]lvG5 . of] uflj;sf
    ;a} j8fxdf lah'nL k'ofpg dfq ;lsof] eg] kfgL gePsf 7fpFxdf l;+rfO{sf
    nflu af]l/x vf]n/] l;FrfO{sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; uflj;sf ls;fgnfO{
    pGgt hftsf ljpmljhg / cfw'lgs v]tL k|0ffnL;DaGwL tflnd, k|lzIf0fsf
    ;fy} ahf/ k|j4{gsf] Joj:yf lhNnfn] ul/lbg ;s] hgtfsf] cfo:t/df a[l4
    x'g] b]lvG5 . ;a}eGbf d'Vo s'/f of] uflj;n] ko{6sLo ;Defjgf af]ss
    ] f] x'gfn]
    o;nfO{ ko{6sLo If]qsf kdf ljsf; u/fpgtkm{ ;a} lgsfo nfu]df o;n]
    bfnfO{ gofF 9+un] lrgfpg] b]lvG5 .
    k|:t'lt M uf]ljGb v8\sf

    ef/tLo df]afOnsf] a9\bf] k|of]u

    ;Kt/L . ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ljleGg


    7fp+df v'n]cfd ;fO{gjf]8{ /fv]/
    ef/tLo l;d k|of]u u/L lkl;cf] ;]jf
    ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . h;sf] sf/0f
    g]kfn 6]lnsdnfO{ dfl;s % nfv
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    nIo;Dd k'ofcf]; === . -;f]leot
    ;\ 3 sf] sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ s f] - af] _
    Oltxf;, k[= !^^_ . n]lggn] gofF
    9\usf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] lglDt
    qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt, ;xL /fhgLlts
    nfOg, qmflGtsf/L ju{;\3if{ / o'4sf]
    e' l dsf, b' O { n fOg ;\ 3 if{ /
    cj;/jfbl;t lg0ff{ o s ;DaGw
    ljR5]b ug]{ s'/fnfO{ d"n cfwf/ dfGg'
    eof] . n]lggn] yk s] hf]8 lbg'ePsf]
    5 eg] ha ;j{xf/fjuL{o cfGbf]ngdf
    clehftju{sf dfG5]xsf] xfnLd'xfnL
    aG5, Tof] l:yltdf dhb' /
    cfGbf]ngdf km'6 x'g' clgjfo{ 5 /
    To;k|sf/sf unt kf6L{xsf lj?4
    h'w]/ dfq ;xL kf6L{sf] lgdf{0f x'g
    ;S5 . gofF 9\usf] n8fs' kf6L{
    lgdf{0fsf lglDt n]lggn] ?;sf k'/fgf
    g]tfx tyf k'/fgf] kf6L{nfO{ dfq
    a]jf:tf ug'e
    { Pg, bf];f| ] OG6/g];gnsf
    cj;/jfbL kf6L{ / g]tfxnfO{ klg
    k"/} a]jf:tf ug'{eof] . ltgLx;Fu
    ;Dk"0f{ kn] ;DaGw ljR5]b ug'e
    { of] .
    To;}u/L rLgdf klg dfcf]n] gofF
    9\usf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf]
    k|ZgnfO{ gofF lz/faf6 p7fpg'eof] .
    rLgdf !(@! df sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
    :yfkgf;Fu} dfcf]n] kf6L{ lgdf{0f /
    To;sf] af]N;]lasLs/0fsf] ;jfn,
    To;sf] /fhgLlts lbzf, ;+oQ
    ' m df]rf{
    / ;z:q ;\3if{sf ;jfnxsf] unt
    of ;xL ;dfwfgsf] ;jfn;Fu hf]l8Psf]
    ljifonfO{ lgs} dxjsf ;fy ax;
    ;~rfng ug'{eof] . k|ltlqmofjfbL
    Rof sfO ;] s ;F u lj?4sf]
    hLjgd/0fsf afah'b / kf6L{leqsf]
    eLif0f b'{OnfOg ;\3if{{sf] qmddf
    dfcf]n] gofF 9\usf] ;dfhjfbL
    qmfGt;F u } dxfg\ ;j{ x f/f
    ;f+:s[ltssfn;Dd klg hf/L /x\of] .
    vf;u/L cGt/f{ l i6 o sDo' l g:6
    cfGbf]ngdf cfw'lgs ;+zf]wgjfbsf
    gfOs] v'Z| rf]en] dfS;{jfbLn]lggjfbL
    kf6L{ lgdf{ 0 f;DaGwL juL{ o
    cjwf/0ffnfO{ k"/} ltnf~hnL lbP/
    ;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf] kf6L{sf] cjwf/0ff
    cl3 ;fof] . p;n] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{nfO{
    a'hj{' f kf6L{df ktg u/fPsf] ;Gbe{
    / rLgd} cfg} sDo'lg:6 kf6L{leq
    lnp zfcf] rLxsf] ;+zf]wgjfbL
    ljrf/wf/f lj?4 dfcf]n] hLjgd/0fsf]
    j}rfl/s ;\3if{ ;~rfng ug'{kof] .
    afx\o / cfGtl/s ;\3if{ ub}{ dfcf]n]
    ;g\ !(%^ b]lv ;fdfGo kdf /
    dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f+:s[lts qmflGt !(^^ !(&^_ df d' V o kn]
    ;dfhjfbL qmflGt ub}{ ;dfhjfbaf6
    ;fDojfb;Dd k'Ug lg/Gt/ qmflGt
    hf/L /fVg] xltof/sf] kdf gofF
    9\usf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] cjwf/0ff
    ljsl;t ug'e
    { of] .
    ;f+:s[lts qmflGtsfndf ;"q
    jfSosf] dkdf cTolws k|rf/df
    nluPsf ljb|f]x ug'{ clwsf/ xf],
    a'h'{jf x]8Sjf6/df ad aiff{pm,
    Hjf/ef6fsf] lj?4 hfg' qmflGtsfl/tf
    xf], hg;d'bfonfO{ p7fpg] ;fx; u/
    cflb gf/fxn] kf6L{ s f w] / }
    k/Dk/fut d"No dfGotfx gfd]6
    x'g k'u] . ;du|df dfcf]sf] g]t[Tjdf
    ;~rflnt dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f+:s[lts
    qmflGtn] gofF 9\usf] kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf]
    k|Zgdf kf6L{ sfo{stf{ / hg;d'bfodf
    ;+zf]wgjfb / k|ltlqmofjfblj?4
    xd];f ljb|fx] ug]{ efjgfnfO{ ;+:yfut
    uof] . qmflGtkl5 lg/Gt/ qmflGt ub}{

    ;fDojfbdf k'Ug] s'/fnfO{ ljz]if dxj


    lbPsf] s' / fnfO{ cfhsf
    qmflGtsf/Lxn] :d/0f ug{ cfjZos
    5 . / olta]nf dfcf]sf] lgwgkl5
    rLgdf lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf] s8L 6'6s
    ] f]
    / ToxfF k| l tqmflGt;d] t ePsf]
    cj:yfdf casf qmflGtsf/Lxn]
    c cl3 a9]/ gofF 9\usf] dfcf]jfbL
    sDo' g l:6 kf6L{ lgdf{ 0 f ug' { k g] {
    P]ltxfl;s lhDdjf/L cfPsf] 5 .
    dfS;{ j fbn] l ggjfbdfcf] j fbsf]
    cfnf]sdf tTsfnLg g]skf dfcf]jfbLn]
    b; a;] { dxfg\ hgo' 4 nfO{
    ;kmntfk"j{s cufl8 a9fpFb} cfof] .
    dfn]dfjfbL ljrf/ / l;4fGtnfO{
    bx| f ] u /L cfTd;ft u/] s } sf/0f
    dfcf]jfbL ;fFlRrs} dfcf]jfbL kf6L{
    aGg ;Sof] . olta] n f PsLs[ t
    dfcf]jfbLn] ag{:6Lg, sfpT:sL /
    v'Z| rf]en] c\uLsf/ u/]sf] l;4fGtnfO{
    3f]lift kdf :jLsf/ u/]/ t cfPsf]
    5}g t/ d"n g]t[Tjsf] Jojxf/ /
    sfo{z}nL x]bf{ ag{:6Lg, sfpT:sL /
    v'Z| rf]esf] af6f]df v'?v'? lxFl8/x]sf]
    b]Vg ;lsG5 . cfh d'n g]tT[ j cfgf
    3f]lift l;4fGt / gLltaf6 lrlKnP/
    cs}{ af6f]lt/ lxFl8/x]sf] cg'el" t;a}n]
    ul//x]sf 5g\ . To;f] t dfcf]jfbLn]
    @) ztfAbLdf ePsf qmflGt /
    k|ltqmflGtaf6 kf7 l;s]/ @! cf}F
    ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;af/] eGg]
    k|:tfjdf qmflGtkl5 k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg
    gofF 9\usf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ cfjZos
    5 eGg] s'/f u/]sf] 5 t/ cfh Tof]
    k|:tfj cnkqdf 5 of To;nfO{
    b:tfa]hsf] kdf dfq yGsfOPsf] 5 .
    Oltxf;sf cg'ej / @! cf}F
    ztfJbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;af/]
    k|:tfjdf gofF 9\usf] sDo'lg:6
    kf6L{ s f] agfj6af/] tTsfnLg
    dfcf]jfbLn] eg]sf] 5 ju{o4' df k[YjL
    ysf{pg] jL/tf / alnbfgsf cb\e"t
    sLlt{dfg sfod ub}{ ljhoL ag]sf
    kf6L{x /fHo;Qf sAhf ul/;s]kl5
    t'ngfTds kn] ;xh} / ljZjsf
    ;a} kf6L{x 5f]6} cjlwdf gf]s/zfxL,
    ;+zf]wgjfb, hgtfaf6 cnuynu
    / k|ltqmflGtsf/L kf6L{df lsg ablng
    k'u] < of] k|Zg kf6L{leq rNg] b'On
    { fOg
    ;\ 3 if{ { / ;j{ x f/fju{ s f]
    clwgfosTjcGtu{t lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf]
    l;4fGtsf] j}1flgs k|of]u / ljsf;sf]
    ;d:of xf] . /fHo;Qf sAhf u/]kl5
    sDo'gl:6 kf6L{ / o;sf g]tfx
    s;/L a'h'{jf kf6L{df kfGt/0f x'g
    k' U 5g eGg] a f/] ;f] x L k| : tfjdf
    elgPsf] 5 cg'ejn] ;fljt u/]sf]
    5 ls /fHo;Qf sAhfkl5 kf6L{sf
    tdfd g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x qmdzM
    gf]s/zfxL, kbnf]nk' / ;'ljwf;DkGg
    ju{df kl/0ft ug]{ vt/f tLa| / k|jn
    ag]/ hfG5 . o; k|sf/sf] vt/fsf]
    tLa|tf / k|jntf;Fu} hg;d'bfo;Fusf]
    ;DaGw ToxL cg'kftdf cf}krfl/s
    / cnuynu aGb} hfG5 /
    k| l tqmflGtdf ablng k' U b5 .
    qmflGtkl5 k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg s:tf] ljlw
    cjnDag ug]{ cyf{t\ s:tf] kf6L{

    lgdf{0f cfjZos x'G5 t < o;af/]


    k'gM ToxL k|:tfjd} elgPsf] 5
    k|ltqmflGtsf] vt/fnfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu
    b'O{nfOg ;\3if{{ / lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf]
    l;4fGtcg';f/ kf6L{nfO{ ;j{xf/fju{
    / >dhLlj hg;d'bfosf] lgu/fgL,
    lgoGq0f / ;]jfdf /fVg] ;\u7gfTds
    ljlw / dfGotfsf] c} ljsf; ug{
    h/L 5 . lj8Dagf dfcf]jfbLn]
    qmflGtkl5 k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] To:tf] gofF
    9\usf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf] s'/f
    u/]sf] lyof] t/ pm cfh cfg}
    k|lta4tf, cfg} l;4fGt / ljrf/af6
    efUb}5 . d"ntM zflGtk|lqmofdf k|jz
    ]
    u/] ; F u } dfcf] j fbLsf] sDo' g l:6
    l;4fGt, gLlt, Jojxf/af6 qmdzM
    :vnglt/ uO/x]sf cg'el" t hgtfn]
    u/]sf 5g\ . qmflGtkl5 k|ltqmflGtsf]
    vt/f s;/L /f]Sg ;lsG5 eGg]
    ax;df pq]sf] kf6L{ olta]nf qmflGt
    g} gx'Fb} ;d:ofsf] h~hfndf km;]sf]
    5 . @! cfF} ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf]
    ljsf;af/] k|:tfjnfO{ gofF ax;sf]
    yfngL dfGg ;lsG5 t/ dfcf]jfbL
    cfg} ax;af6 eflu/x]sf] 5 . clxn]
    qmflGt g} ;DkGg geO/x]sf] l:yltdf
    s]sf] k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] s'/f ug'{ <
    klxnf] s'/f g]kfndf qmflGt ;DkGg
    ug]{ gofF 9\usf] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{
    lgdf{ 0 f ug' { k g] { cfjZostf 5 .
    To;kl5 k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] d'2fdf ax;
    ;~rfng ug]{ xf] .
    olta]nf gofF 9\usf] dfcf]jfbL
    kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf] s'/f ubf{ dfS;{, n]lgg
    / dfcf]sf] l;4fGt / ljrf/sf] hud}
    6] s ] / ug' { k b{ 5 . oxL jt{ d fg
    dfcf]jfbLsf] 9fFrfcg'k g]kfndf
    qmflGt x'g ;Sb}g . k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg]
    t kl5sf] s'/f xf] . cfh PsLs[t
    dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf dfq PsLs[t t/
    sfddf ljvl08t, ljleGg ljrf/df
    ljeQm b]lvPsf] 5 . zflGtk|lqmof;+u}
    kf6L{ 7"nf] agfpg] gfddf ljleGg
    ljrf/ ;d"xnfO{ x'n]/ qmflGtsf/L
    l;4fGt / ljrf/sf] dxjnfO{
    gh/cGbfh ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . ca
    gofF 9\un] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf
    nflu dfS;{P\uN] ;n] eg]h:t} k'/fgf
    ;DaGwnfO{ tf] 8 \ g ] / ;fF l Rrs}
    dfcf] j fbL kf6L{ lgdf{ 0 fsf nflu
    qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt, ;xL /fhgLlts
    nfOg, qmflGtsf/L ju{;\3if{{ / o'4sf]
    e"ldsf k"/f ug]{, b'O{nfOg ;\3if{{df
    cj;/jfbl;t lg0ff{ o s ;DaGw
    ljR5]b cflb ug]{ s'/fnfO{ d"n cfwf/
    agfpg'kb{5 . dfcf]n] gofF 9\usf]
    sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf] lglDt
    ;j{xf/fju{sf] clwgfosTjcGtu{t
    lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf] l;4fGt cl3 a9\g]
    kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf] s'/f ug{e
    ' Psf] lyof] .
    ;du|df eGg'kbf{ dfS;{, P\u]N;,
    n]lgg, :tflng / dfcf]n] gofF 9\usf]
    sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ lgdf{ 0 fsf nflu
    qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt, ljrf/ /
    qmflGtsf/L nfOgsf] s'/fnfO{ c;fWo}
    dxgf:jsf ;fy p7fPsf] s'/fnfO{
    cfh PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLn] ljz]if
    :d/0f ub}{ gofF 9\usf] dfcf]jfbL
    kf6L{ lgdf{0fdf h'6\g cfjZos 5 .
    sudarshanmangol@gmail.com

    efO6Lsf lnP/ ho
    ?s'd . ltxf/ glhsLb]} ubf{ nf]s
    ufos ho b] j sf] 6 fn] ltxf/sf]
    pknIodf t];|f] PNjd efO{ l6sf
    lnP/ jhf/df cfPs 5g . ?s'd
    3/ eO{ sf7df08f}df j:b} cfPsf
    nf]sbf]x/L ufos b]jsf]6fn] t];|f]
    PNjd efO[{ l6sf PNjddf dWoklZrdf
    ufO{g] :yflgo nf]s efsf l;uf?,
    6Kkf ,7f8L efsf nufPtsf lut
    ;dfj]; u/]sf 5g . ;|i6f Do'lhs
    k|f=ln=n] jhf/df NofPsf] PNjddf
    l6sf k'gn] :j/df ;fy lbPsf l5g .
    ltxf/ glhsLb} ubf{ /s' d ] n L

    snfsf/n] ?s'dn
    ] L ;]/f]km]/f] sf efsf
    tyf ;+:s[tLsf] lut ;'Gg kfpbf
    ?s'djf;L v';L ePsf 5g .efO[l6sf
    PNjd lel;8Ldf ;d]t jhf/df
    pknJw ePsf] 5 . h;sf] l;cf/lj6L
    )!^)))((@! /x]sf] 5 eg] lkcf/lj6L
    ^)%(%$! /x]sf] 5 . o; cl3 g} pgn]
    lhjg eof] p/f7 ju/, ltdLn] jfrf
    xfo|f] eGg] qmdz klxnf] / bf];f| ] PNjd
    jhf/df lgsfnL ;s]sf 5g . klxnf] /
    bf];f| ] PNjd h:t} t];f| ] PNjd efO{ l6sfn]
    ;|ft] f tyf bz{sxsf] dg tfGg] ljZjf;
    u/]sf 5g .
    k|lj/ bb]n

    ;fWoaxfb' / e08f/L

    /fatOfc t]u (@ hf];c nf; *^)@

    y'OSs tf]/Lnfx'/]x? sf] ;fdGt ?

    lxhf] h:tf] nfU5 nK6g jfh]n] eg]sf


    oL zAbx . nK6g cyf{t ljBfw/ h};L .
    jf:tljs gfd ljBfw/ h};L eP klg
    pgL ufpF3/df nK6gafh]s} gfdn] k|ofKt
    lyP . ;a}n] pgnfO{ nK6g afh] g} eGy] .
    nK6gafh] km/fl;nf :jefjsf geP klg
    uf]St] :jefjsf eg] kSs} lyPgg\ .
    hdfgfdf 7"n} ;}lgs lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn]sf
    a"9f ufpF3/df klg ToxL zf;g rnfpg
    vf]Hy] . a"9f v/f :jefjsf lyP .
    zf/Ll/s ;'u7gdf klg a"9f sd lyPgg\ .
    cfgf dfgfsf] l3p vfPsf /] . ufF7,] x'g
    klg sf7 h:t} bx|f lyP . afx|} 306f
    cfgf dxftxt ;}lgs hjfgnfO{ sHofP/
    /fv] h:tf] pgL ;a}nfO{ sHofO/xg
    rfxGy] . If0fe/ klg sfd ug]x{ pgsf]
    cfFvfaf6 6f9f x'g' x'bF g} Yof] . clnslt
    otfptf eP ls a"9f s8\sL xfNy] /
    eGy] P tf]/Lnfx'/]x xf] . sfd
    ug{k' b}g{ < To;} vfg kfOG5 < To;} nfb|f]
    el/G5 < hlxfNy] a"9f dfG5] . c?nfO{
    ufnL u/] klg a"9f s]6fs]6Lk|lt eg] bofn'
    :jefjs} lyP . slxn]sfxLF a"9fn]
    s]6fs]6LnfO{ af]s/] lxF8y\ ] / ufnfdf df]xL
    klg vfGy] . To;/L slxn] sxL af]lsOg]df
    d klg ky]+ { . a"9fn] To;/L sl8\sP/
    af]Nbf ;a} sfdbf/ dfq geP/ xfdL
    s]6fs]6Lx klg 8/n] y'?? x'GYof} . emg
    tf]/Lnfx'/] eg]/ ufnL ubf{ t ;ftf] k'Tnf]
    g} p7\Yof] . a"9faf6 5lnP/ sfdbf/x
    8/;Fu} 8/leq u'6d'l6P/ unNn xfF:y] .
    xfdL klg To;df ;xefuL x'GYof} . t/
    t'?Gt} a"9fsf] cfb]z lz/f]k/ ul/xfNy] .
    d]/L jf:;}df w'd;{' n] ] x;\ eg] em}F u/]/ .
    t/ a"9fn] k6sk6s eGg] u/]sf]
    tf]/Lnfx'/] zAbsf] cy{ xfdLdWo] s;}nfO{
    klg yfxf lyPg . tL sfdbf/nfO{ eg]
    yfxf lyof] ls lyPg Tof] d eGg ;lSbg .
    To;f] t xfdLn] To;sf] cy{ slxNo} vf]Hg]
    k|of; klg u/]gf}F . x'g t To:tf zAbsf]
    cy{ vf]Hg ;Sg] pd]/ g} sxfF ePsf]

    s]z' lj/xL

    lyof] / xfd|f,] t/ c? s'/fsf] cg'dfg


    gnufP klg t]/Lnfp/] eg]/ a"9fn] kSs}
    ufnL u/]sf] xf]nf eGg]rflxF yfxf lyof]
    xfdLnfO{ klg . cfh nK6g a"9f lat]sf]
    klg nfdf] ;do eO;s]sf] 5 . em08}
    @% jif{ eO;s] x'bF f] xf] . clxn] d cfkm}F
    klg nK6gafh] em}F xh'/af eO;sf] 5' .
    afp x'bF } xh'/af x'g] cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf]
    5' . cem gftfuf]tfnfO{ s]nfP/ x]g]{ xf]
    eg] xh'/af dfq geP/ lhjf klg
    eO;s]sf] x'nF f . cfh d nK6gafh] cyf{t\
    ltg} ljBfw/ h};Ln] ufnL ubf{ k|of]u ug]{
    u/]sf] Tof] tf]/Lnfx'/] zAbnfO{ s]nfpg
    yfN5' . cy{ vf]Hg yfN5' . tf]/L nfx'/] sf]
    g]kfnL zAbsf]ifn] s] cy{ nufPsf] 5
    Tof] d]/f] vf]hLsf] ljifo /x]sf] 5}g . /, d
    vf]Hg rfxFlbg klg . cfh d g]kfnL
    zAbsf]ifsf] cy{ geP/ o;sf] Joaxfl/s
    cy{ vf]lh/x]sf] 5' . ;fdfGy cy{ dfq
    geP/ To;sf] nfIfl0fs cy{ vf]lh/x]sf]
    5' . tf]/Lnfx'/] eGgfn] -!_ cfgf] lhDd]jf/L
    ga'g], -@_ a]kmfF6df c?sf] nx}
    nx}dfnfu]/ htftt} a/flNnP/ lxF8g\ ,] #_ sfdsf] dxTj ga'g], -$_ cyf{t
    cfgf] lhDd]jf/L jf]w gePsf] cflb cflb
    cy{ nufpF5' . cfk"mn] nufPsf log}
    cy{nfO{ d clxn] ld;fP/ x]g] { u5'{ . slxn]
    5/l5d]sdf t slxn] cfg} kl/jf/df .
    slxn] ufpFdf t slxn] lhNnf j/k/;Dd .
    To:tf y'k}| tf]/Lnfx'/x] km]nf k5{ .
    a]kmfFsdf cfdfsf] xf]6n] df vfP/ afpsf]
    nhdf ;'Tg klNsPsfx . a]ts
    ' sf ukm
    5fF6/] ul/vfg]nfO{ klg eTsfpg] sfo/
    tyf x'ltof/fx . b]zdf a;]/ ljb]zsf]
    k|z;+ fdf /dpg]x cflbcflb . To:tf
    y'k}| tf]/Lnfx'/x] d}n] b]vs
    ] f] 5' . e]6s
    ] f]
    klg 5' . tLg} tf]/Lnfx'/x] d]/f] cfFvfdf
    Ps kl5 csf]{ ub}{ cfpg yfN5g . d
    To:tf tf]/L nfx'/x] sf] ax'dt kfp5' .

    tL tf]/Lnfx'/x] ufpF lhNnf x'bF } s]Gb|


    cyf{t /fhwfgLd} l5/]sf] kfp5' .
    l;+xb/af/df l5/]/ cfk"mnfO{ l;+x em}F 7fGg]
    tf]/Lnfx'/x] klg 5g\ . cfk"m k'?if eP/
    klg dlxnfn] dfq kfpg] ;'Ts]/L eQf
    krfpg] tf]/L nfx'/] klg k|z:t} 5g .
    b]z} a]r/] eP klg cfgf] ofDkf] eg{]
    tf]/Lnfx'/] klg sd 5}gg\ . hgtfaf6}
    lt/:s[t eP/ hgdtsf vf]qmf gf/f hKg]
    tf]/Lnfx'/] klg e]l6G5g . d cfFugsf]
    lkF9Ldf a;]/ tL tf]/Lnfx'/x] sf] lni6
    agfpg yfN5' . tL tf]/Lnfx'/s
    ] f lni6df
    Pp6f tf]/Lnfx'/] cfp5 . pm l;+xb/af/
    cfg} k]jf 7fG5 . cfg} jfpsf] c+z em}F
    nfU5 p;nfO{ . gnfuf];\ klg s;/L ToxfF
    l5g{ p;nfO{ sDtL ufx|f] k/]sf] x}g . w]/}
    k|of; kl5 dfq pm ;kmn ePsf] xf] .
    k6sk6s l5g]{ k|of; ubf{ klg ;w}F
    c;kmn dfq} x'bF } cfPsf] lyof] . 7"n} lrf
    k/]/ dfq pm ToxfF k:g ;s]sf] lyof] .
    aNn efun] kfPsf] . ca ef]ln km]l/
    kfOg] xf] ls xf]Og lk/ plts} 5 . To;}n]
    Tof] tf]/Lnfx'/] Toxfaf6 x6\g} rfxFbg} .
    cg]s k|kfIf /R5 . x'g t Toxf cflnzg
    ;'v;'ljwfsf] wwLn] p;nfO{ 5f]8g\ } dg
    gnfu]sf] xf]nf . To;}n] pm ;bf ToxL cl8g]
    /x/ kfN5 . t/ c?nfO{ b]vfpg}nfO{ eP
    klg eG5 . d sxfF jfws 5' / klxnf
    tkfO{x z'4 5lj ePsf] dfG5] t
    vf]Hg'xf]; . ;a};uF s'/f ldnfP/ t
    cfpg'xf];\ . d]/f] klg oxfF /lx/xg] sxfF
    /x/ xf] / d afWo eP/ dfq oxfF
    cl8/x]sf] x'F . d t'?Gt} 5fl8 xfN5' lg .
    csf]{ tf]/L nfx'/s
    ] f] ofb cfp5 . pm
    k|hftGqsf] lxdfotL 9fG5 cfk"mnfO{ . o'jf
    k':tfsf] k|ltlglw ePsf] bfjf ug{ 5f8\bg}
    pd]/n] lk08vfg] a]nf e};s]sf] eP klg .
    ;w}F ;xsfo{ Pstfsf] gf/f hK5 t/
    Jojxf/df eg] To:tf] 5gs g} b]lvFbg} .

    clxn] eg] klxnf] ufF;d} 9'f k/] kl5


    p;nfO{ dg{' g afFRg' ePsf] 5 . 8f8' d}
    kfgL ttfP/ dg{ h:tf] . t/ dg{ klg
    ;Sb}g . csf]{ tf]/Lnfx'/] d]/f] lni6df
    kg{ hfG5 . p;n] slxNo} klg of]
    k|hftflGqs cEof;nfO{ ljZjf; u/]g
    / ug{ rfxFbg} klg . k/Dk/fut ;+;bLo
    cEof;nfO{ pm efif 7fG5 . o;nfO{ pm
    dxfefif xf] eG5 . d of] efifdf kml:bg
    eG5 t/ pm ghflgFbf] kf/fn] ToxL efifdf
    8'la/x]sf] 5 . pm of] ;+;bLo cEof;
    tyf c? ;xofqLnfO{ nf]Kkf v'jfpg]
    bfpdf 5 . pm x'Fsf/ 5f8\b}g .
    cfGbf]ngsf] cfFlwj]x/L NofOlbG5' eGg
    slxNo} 5f8\bg} . csf]{ tf]/Lnfx'/x] sf]
    rl/q eg] ljl5} vfnsf] 5 . b]znfO{
    g} slxn]sfxLF ljb]z agfO{ lbG5' eG5 .
    cfgf] efiff ;+:s[ltsf] jsfnt gu/]/
    cs}{ b]zsf] efiffnfO{ /fli6o efiff agfpg'
    k5{ eG5 . d]/f] k|:tfj dfGg] eP dfg
    gq v} l /ot 5} g eG5 . csf] {
    tf]/Lnfx'/s
    ] f] t s] s'/f ug]{ . dl/;s]sf]
    a"9f] ?v km]l/ xl/of] jgfp eG5 . To:tf]
    d/]sf] ?vnfO{ k'gM jrfpg] sfd klg
    Tolt ;lhnf] 5 / p wldnf] kfgLdf
    ultn}l;t df5f dfg]{ / ToxL dl/;s]sf]
    ?vnfO{ hah{:tL Jo'tF fpg] bfpdf 5 .
    o:tf ;of}F tf]/Lnfx'/x] d]/f] lni6df
    kg{ hfG5g\ . tL tf]/Lnfx'/x] sfds'/f
    Psflt/ s'Dnf] af]sL l7dLlt/ eg]em}F
    cfk"mn] kfPsf] d'Vo lhDd]jf/LnfO{
    5f8]/ . a]ts
    ' sf ukm 5fF6b\ } lxF8b\ } u/]sf]
    b]V5' . tL ;a}sf] rrf{ ug{ ;lSbg /
    To;f] ug{ pko'St 7flGbg klg . To:t}
    d clxn] c;dfh;df 5' . olt w]/}
    tf]/Lnfx'/x] 5g . tL tf]/Lnfx'/x] dWo]
    klxnf] tf]/Lnfx'/] s;nfO{ agfpg] eg]/
    d lrlGt ePsf] 5' . tL tf]/Lnfp/]sf]
    Jojxf/ b]v/] pxL ljBfw/ h};L afh]n]
    em}F eGg dgnflu/x]sf] 5 y'OSs
    tf]/Lnfx'/x] xf] .

    lsg rflxof] ;+3Lo zf;g <

    /fhf/fd clwsf/L
    ef}uf]lns b[li6n] g]kfnnfO{ lxdfn,
    kxf8/ -t/fO{_ dw]z u/L tLg k|bz
    ] df
    ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . vf;u/L &* jif]{
    dWoo' u Lg/fhtGq, !)$ jif] {
    hxflgofF/f0ffzf;g, bzjif]{ ;+qmd0f sfnLg
    Joj:yf, #) jif]{ k~rfotL/fhx'sd'
    Joj:yf, @)$& ;fnk5fl8sf] ax'bnLo
    zf;g Joj:yf,/fhf 1fg] G b| s f]
    lg/+sz
    ' /fhtGqsf] sfnv08 tyf ^@^#
    sf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ng kZrft k|fKt
    nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds Joj:yfaf6
    g]kfnL hgtfn] slxNo} klg s]Gb|Lo
    bf;Tjaf6 pGd'lQm kfpg ;s]gg\ .
    vf;u/L of] cjwLdf dw]zL, pTkLl8t,
    u}/dw]zL, dlxnf, cflbjf;L, hghflt,
    ckf, lk5l8Psf] ju{/ If]qsf hgtfn]
    ;+jw} flgs xsclwsf/sf] Uof/]G6L k|fKt
    ug{ ;s]gg\, a pgLxnfO{/fHoaf6
    pk]lIft agfpFb} nluof] . o;}sf] Hjfnfd'lv
    lj:kmf]6 eP/ !) jif]{ hgo'4 tyf
    P]ltxfl;s dw]z ljb|fx] @)^# eof] .
    vf;u/L dw]zsf] km\oh
    ' gaf6 g]kfnsf]
    cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# nfO{ ;+3Lo
    nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds d'ns
    ' sf] kdf
    ;+lwjfgdf pNn]v ug{ afWo agfof] eg]
    PsfTds ;+/rgf/ ju{sf]/fHo ;+oGqnfO{
    Wj:t kfb}{ ;a} ju{sf] kx'r
    F x'gu] /L/fHoaf6
    pk]lIft ju{nfO{ cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf u/L
    ;dfj]zL tyf ;xeflutfd"ns gofF
    g]kfnsf] kl/sNkgf uof] . oBlk o;df
    cem} sdLsdhf]/L b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf]
    efjL/fHo;+/rgf s:tf] x'gk' b{5 eGg]af/]
    d'n
    ' s
    ' df clxn] Jofks kdf ax;,
    5nkmn/ cGt/lqmofx rln/x]sf 5g\ .
    g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& n]
    g]kfnnfO{ ax'eflifs, ax'hftLo/
    ax';f+:s[lts d'ns
    ' sf] kdf kl/eflift
    u/]sf] ePtf klg To;nfO{/fhg}lts kn]
    ;Daf]wg ug{ ;s]g . g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df
    cfh klxnf]k6s lj=;++ @))& ;fnb]lv
    ^) jif{bl] vsf] Ps o'udf Psk6s cfpg]
    ;+ljwfg;ef lj=;+= @)^$ r}t @* ut]
    k|fKt eof] . klxnf]k6s ;dfj]zL rl/qsf]
    ;fj{ef}d hgtfsf k|ltlglwn] ;fj{ef}d{
    hgtfsf] ;dfg xs clwsf/ ;+ljjfgdf
    g} Uof/]G6L ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf] ;f9] tLg
    jif{ lalt;s]sf] 5 . cfh ljZjsf em08}
    @! j6f d'ns
    ' xdf ;+3Lo, cw{;3+ Lo
    k| 0 ffnL tyf ;+ 3 Lo ;+ l jwfgsf]

    ;kmntfk"js
    { k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 . ljZjsf
    em08} cfwfeGbf a9L hg;+Vof/ e"efu
    cf]u6\g] ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, eflifs Pj+
    hftLo ljljwtfdf cfwfl/t ljzfn
    d'ns
    ' xn] ;d]t ;+3Lo/fHok|0ffnLnfO{
    ckgfPsf 5g\ . ;+oQ' m/fHo cd]l/sf,
    :jL6\h/Nof08, c:6l] nof, ef/t, Sofgf8f,
    kfls:tfg, hd{gL, gfOh]l/of, dn]l;of,
    OG8f]gl] ;of, lnlaof, Olyof]lkof, o'uf08f,
    ch]l{ G6gf, a|fhLn, d]lS;sf], e]gh
    ] P' nf,
    j]:6Ol08h, a]lNhod, :k]g,/l;of cflb
    d'ns
    ' xn] ;+3Lo k|0ffnLnfO{ ckgfPsf
    5g\ . t/ ljZjdf o:tf d'ns
    ' x 5g\
    h;n] ;+3Lotfsf] k|0ffnLnfO{ dfGotf
    glbP/ :yfgLo :jfoQtf, If]qLo
    :jfoQtf, hftLo :jzf;g/ ;f+:s[lts
    clwsf/xsf nflu cfkm\gf hgtf;Fu
    ;+3if{x ul//x]sf 5g\ . glhs}sf] l5d]sL
    d'ns
    ' >Ln+sfn] PsfTds k|0ffnL ckgfP/
    l;+wfnL hflt/ efiffnfO{ sflv rofk]/
    cNk;+Vos tldn hflt/ efiffnfO{ pk]Iff
    ugf{n] ljut b'O{ bzsb]lv 7"nf] hftLo
    Gsf] e"d/Ldf km;]sf]/ lnsf k|efjzfnL
    g]tf k|efs/0fnfO{ df/] klg cem};Dd
    ;fDo ePsf] 5}g . o; cjwLdf nueu
    ^* xhf/ dflg;xn] Hofg u'dfO;s]sf
    5g\ . t/ ;+3Lo k|0ffnL ckgfPsf cg]sf}+
    d'ns
    ' xn] o:tf ;d:ofxnfO{ ;lhn}
    xn u/L/fli6o PstfnfO{ dha't agfPsf
    5g\ . ;d;fdlos ljZjsf cg'ej
    cg';f/ ;+3Lo k|0ffnLn] hftLo, If]qLo
    Pj+ eflifs GnfO{ sd u/]sf] kfOG5 .
    x'gt ;+3Lo k|0ffnL ePsf d'ns
    ' xdf
    o:tf ;d:ofx gePsf xf]Ogg\
    t//fHosf] ;+/rgf ljs]lGb|t/ nf]stflGqs
    ePsfn] tL ;d:ofx :yfgLo cyjf
    If]qLo :jfoQ ;/sf/f/f g} xn x'g] x'bF f
    hftLo lx+;fsf] ;Defjgf Go"g x'G5 . x/]s
    hftLo ;d"xxn] :jfoQtf k|fKt ug]{
    ePsf] x'bF f pgLxaLrsf] Gsf] lg/fs/0f
    cfk;L ;dembf/Lsf cfwf/df k|foMh;f]
    zflGtk"js
    { g} x'g] ub{5 . ;f9] tLg jif{bl] v
    g]kfndf hf/L ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] qmddf
    ;+3Lotf ;DaGwL ljifo Ps hl6n d'2fsf]
    kdf cfPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf
    k|ToIf kdf ;+nUg/fhgLlts bnxn]
    ;lhnf/ sd ljjflbt ljifoxnfO{ 6'u+ f]
    nufpFb} hl6n k|sl[ tsf ljifoxdf
    xfn;Dd klg ljjfb sfod/x]sf 5g\ .
    vf;u/L ;+ljwfgsf] *) sfd ;lsof]

    eGg]/fhg}lts bnxn]/fHosf] zf;sLo


    :jk//fHo zlQmsf] afF8kmfF8 ;DaGwL
    ljifo cGtu{t/x]sf ;+3Lotf ;DaGwL &*
    j6f ;jfnxdf ;f] ;DaGwL ;ldltn]
    ljjfbx oyfjt g}/fv]/ k|ltj]bg k]z
    u/]tf klg cfh;Dd ljjflbt ljifodf
    ;xdlt h'6g\ ;s]sf] 5}g . ;+3Lotfsf]
    ;DaGwdf/x]sf ljjfbsf &* j6f/x]sf
    ePklg ;+3Lo PsfO lgdf{0fsf cfwf/ s]
    x'g < s] cfwf/df ;+3Lo PsfO lgdf{0f
    ul/g] < ;+3Lo OsfOsf sltj6f ;+Vof
    lgwf{/0f ug]/{ tL PsfOxsf] gfd s] sf]
    cfwf/df/fVg] < cflb k|dv
    ' ljjflbt
    ljifox g} d'Vo ljjflbt ljifox 5g\ .
    To;}u/L ;+3Lo PsfOxsf] ;Ldf+sg s]
    cfwf/df ug]/{ s'g ef}uf]lns If]qb]lv
    s'g ef}uf]lns If]q;DdnfO{ s'g ;+3Lo
    PsfO cGtu{t/fVg] eGg] ljifox klg
    6'u+ f] nufpg sl7g k/]sf ljifox x'g\ .
    ;+3Lo k|0ffnL cGtu{t If]qLo :jfoQtf
    cyjf hftLo :jfoQtf k|fKt u/]kl5
    k|To]s hfltxn] cfcfkm\gf]/fhgLlts,
    cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ljsf; Pj+
    k|ultsf ;fy} cfkm\gf]/fli6o klxrfg
    sfod/fVg] u/]sf x'G5g\ . hftLo
    ;fem]bf/Ldf b]zleqsf ;a} hfltsf]
    cl:tTj/ ljlzi6 klxrfgsf] dfGotf d'Vo
    ljifo xf] . o;sf nflu hftLo zf]if0f,
    pTkL8g Pj+ lje]baf6 d'Qm kfpgsf ;fy}
    k|To]s hfthfltxsf] efiff ;+:s[lt, snf/
    ;flxTosf] ljsf; kf/:kl/s hftLo ;xof]u
    Pj+ ;Ddfgsf] l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df x'G5 .
    o:tf ljifoxdf s]lGb|st[ /fHo;Qfsf]
    cx:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsfsf] cfjZos kb{5 .
    ;+3Lotfn] k|fb]lzs tyf :yfgLo txdf/
    hftLo b[li6sf]0fdf hftLo ;fem]bf/Lsf]
    sfof{GjognfO{ k|dv
    ' tf lbg' kb{5 .
    vf;u/L ;+3Lo ;+/rgf s]Gb|Lo bf;Tjsf]
    k+hfaf6 d'Qm u/L :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ bf;
    xf]Og ;fj{ef}d dflns agfO zf;g k|0ffnL
    rnfpg] Pp6f ;d'lrt Joj:yf xf] .
    vf;u/L ;+3Lotfsf] cfjZostf dw]zL,
    pTkLl8t, u}/dw]zL ju{, dlxnf, cflbjf;L,
    hghflt, dlxnf, lk5l8Psf] ju{/ If]q
    ;dfj]zL Pj+ ;xeflutfd"ns gofF g]kfnsf]
    lgdf{0f kl/sNkgfsf] ;fy{stfn] k"0f{tf
    kfpg rflxG5 . t;y{/fHon] clgjfo{
    kdf ljleGg hftLo ;d'bfoxsf] dft[
    efiffdf lzIff,/fHosf] ax'eflifs,
    ax';f+:s[lts gLltsf] cg'kfng,/fli6o

    d"nwf/df ;dflxt x'g g;s]sf dw]zL,


    pTkLl8t u}/dw]zL, dlxnf, ckf,
    lk5l8Psf] ju{ If] q sf nflu
    cf/If0f,/fHoaf6 wd{ lg/k]Iftf, ljBdfg
    ;+:s[ltxsf] ;+/If0f cg'kfng,/fli6o
    d"nwf/df ;xeflutf h:tf s'/fxdf
    ckl/xfo{ kdf/fHo ;+jb] gzLn x'gk' 5{ .
    ax'hftLo ;d'bfonfO{ cfcfkm\gf] efiff,
    ;+:s[lt tyf JolQmTjnfO{ ljsf; ug{ If]qLo
    :jfoQ cyjf hftLo :jfoQtf cltl/Qm
    lhNnf, gu/, Onfsf, ufpF cflb :yfgLo
    :t/df klg :jfoQtf ;+/rgfx v8f
    ug]{ sfo{nfO{/fHoaf6 k|fT] ;flxt ug'k{ b{5 .
    ;+3Lo k|0ffnLn] ax'hftLo, ax';f+:s[lts
    Pj+ ax'eflifs d'ns
    ' nfO{ ef}uf]lns, k|fb]lzs
    tyf If]qLo/ :yfgLo txdf g} :jfoQtf
    k|bfg u/L/fli6o PsLs/0fsf] k|lqmofdf
    cfa4 ug{ d]b08sf] sfo{ ub{5 . To;}n]
    g]kfndf ljBdfg lje]bsf/L zf;g
    Joj:yfsf] cGTosf nflu ca ;+3Lo k|0ffnL
    ckl/xfo} ePsf] 5 . o:tf] x'g;s]df dfq
    d'ns
    ' df o'uf}b+ l] v sfod/x]sf] hftLo,
    eflifs, ;f+:s[lts,/fhgLlts cflb lje]bsf]
    lg/fs0fsf nflu plrt af6f]
    x' g ] 5 .Psk6s zf;gsf] txdf
    k'lu;s]kl5 ;fdfGo gful/ssf] txdf
    slxNo} gkm{lsg] k/Dk/fsf] lgoGq0f ug]{
    s]Gb|nfO{ yf]/} clwsf/df ;Lldt u/L a9L
    clwsf/ ;DkGg ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cGtu{t
    /fHosf] zf;sLo :jk / zlQm
    afF8kmfF8nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] xf] eg] g]kfndf
    gt c;f]h !* sf] zfxL sfodkl5 :yfgLo
    :t/b]lv dflyNnf] lgsfo;Dd hfg
    k|ltlglw ljxLg c:tJo:t h:tf]
    nf]stflGqs ;+/rgf w/fo;L x'bF g} eg]
    eljiodf gofF lg/+sz' tf klg hGdg ;Sb}g .
    o;sf nflu ;+ljwfg ;efdf k|ltlglwTj
    u/]sf k|dv
    ' /fhg}lts bnx Pg]skf
    dfcf]jfbL, g]kfnL sf+u;] | , g]skf Pdfn],
    dw]zjfbL bn nufot ;a} bnxn]
    hgtfdf g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns tyf k|sl[ t
    ;|ft] / ;fwgsf] j}1flgs afF8kmFf8 x'gu] l/
    hgtfdfem Pp6f ;femf b[li6sf]0f sfod
    ug{ If]q tyf lhNnf txdfg} uP/
    lj1;d"x nufotsf] ;a}sf] /fHo
    ;Nnfx;'emfj lnP/ :yfgLo hgtfnfO{
    ;fj{ef}d clwsf/ k|fKt x'g] u/L ;dfj]zL
    / ;xeflutfd"ns ;+3Lotfsf] ;+/rgf
    lgdf{0f u?g eGg] ;a} g]kfnLsf] wf/0ff
    /x]sf] 5 .
    dw]z bk0f{af6

    dl0f zdf{

    ha hgo'4sf] x'/Ln] k"/} g]kfnnfO{ cfgf] cf"rndf ;d]6]sf] lyof],


    To;a]nf g]kfnsf ;Dk"0f{ u/La, lgDgdWod ju{ ;j{xf/f, zf]lift, kLl8t /
    pTkLl8txn] cfzfsf] cfsfzbLk afn]/ dfcf]jfbLlt/ x]l//x]sf lyP,
    pgLxsf] d'lStbftf hfg] sxf"af6 cfof] eg]/ . hgo'4sf] cf"wLdf
    cfTdalnbfg lbg kl5 k/]gg\ tL ju{ . cfgf] k|f0fk+IfLnfO{ c~hfg uGtJolt/
    p8fP/ eP klg cfgf] ;Gtltsf] d'lSt rfx]sf lyP ltgLxn] . si6,
    oftgf, eo / qf;sf] afah'b ltgLxsf] dgdf d'lStsf] cfzfsf] sdn
    kmqm]sf] lyof] . t/ ===t/ ha afx|a'"b] ;xdltaf6 dfcf]jfbLn] ;+;bjfbdf
    cfTd;dk{0f ug{] lg0f{o uof], Tof] lbgb]lv ltgLxsf] dgdf kmqm]sf] sdn
    cf]Onfpg] eon] ql;t eof] . t}klg dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjdfly ltgLxnfO{
    ljZjf; lyof] ls dfcf]jfbL rf"8} g} Pdfn]eGbf tn emg]{ 5}g . ;+;bjfbsf]
    o'4 klg p;n] lhTg]5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf lx/f] k|r08n] pgLxsf] 8'Ag
    nfu]sf] gf}sfnfO{ hgjfbsf] lsgf/fdf nu]/ g} kf/ nufpg]5g\ . t/ stf
    stfaf6 lbNnLaf6 lr;f] xfjf aUb} cfof] d'6'df g} cfqmd0f ug{] vfnsf] .
    afx|a'"b] ;xdlt ubf{ Pshgf ef/tLo g]tfn] lul/hfafa'nfO{ eg]5g\ /]
    afx|a'"b] ;xdlt u/]/ tkfO{+n] cfgf] v'fdf a~r/f] xfGg' ePsf] 5, k|r08n]
    Pslbg tkfO{+xnfO{ k5f/]/ kfvf nufpg]5g\ . of] ;'g]/ lul/hfafa'n]
    eGg'eof] /] oL ;bfrf/L dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;Qfdf nu]/ d e|i6frf/L agfP/
    lgsfNg]5' . lul/hfafa'n] of] s'/f eg]sf x'g\ jf xf]Ogg\ k|df0f 5}g . t/,
    cfh of] s'/f ;Todf kl/0ft eO/x]sf] 5 . x'g t e|i6frf/sf] aLpm hgo'4tfsf
    g} /f]lkPsf] /x]5 . cfh ;x/sf d"Nojfg\ 7fp"xdf 6f7faf7f dfcf]jfbL
    g]tfxsf 3/hUuf 5g\ . lxhf]sf a]vrL{ cfhsf s/f]8klt s;/L eP
    hgo'4df /fHosf tkm{af6 s/La t]x| xhf/ jL/ of]4fx qm'/ oftgf;lxt
    d[To'z}ofdf ;'Tg afWo eP, s/La t]x| ;o a]kQf 5g\ cyf{t\ tL dxfg\
    of]4fxsf] hLjgnLnf /fHon] kfzljs oftgf;lxt cGTo uof] . cfh
    dfcf]jfbLsf b'O{ lx/f] k|wfgdGqL eP, tLg k6s ;/sf/df uP, t/ tL
    ;xfbt k|fKt u/]sf jL/ of]4fxsf] s?0f k'sf/sf] ;'gj' fO dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ jn]
    u/]sf 5g\ / v} st} s]xL b]lVbg" . ;lxb kl/jfnfO{ Ps b'O{ nfv leIffbfg
    u/]/ dfcf]jfbL g]tfxn] xft kvfnL ;s] / xft emfg]{ pkqmd ub}{5g\ .
    g]tfx ;lxb, a]kQf kl/jf/nfO{ a]nfavtdf e]6\g hfg] pkqmd u5{g\ .
    t/ Toxf" uf]xLsf] cf";' emfg{afx]s s]xL sfd x'"b}g ltgLxsf] . Tof] uf]xLsf]
    cf";' klg cfgf] ef]6a}Fs ;'/lIft /fVgsf nflu dfq xf] . s] ;lxbxn],
    hgo'4df k|ToIf jf ck|ToIfkdf xf]ldPsfxn] oxL rfx]sf lyP . ;lxbxn]
    cfgf] kl/jf/sf nflu Ps b'O{ nfvsf nflu Hofg alnbfg lbPsf lyP <
    lxhf] ;fdGtjfb / k'h
    " Ljfbsf lj/f]wL dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ j cfh To;}sf] kx/]bf/
    ePsf] 5 . csf]{ cy{df ltgLx gj;fdGt / gjk'"hLklt ag]sf 5g\ .
    lxhf] ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf lj/f]wL dfcf]jfbL g]tfx cfh To;}sf]
    Hofgf] c"ufnf]df af"lwP/ bLg b'lgof"nfO{ la;{] pkqmd ug{ nfu]sf 5g\ .
    lxhf] ;'? o'4sf] lau'n k'mSg] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx cfh h;sf lj?4 ;'?
    vGg] eGy] To;n] g} vg]sf] ;'?leq k:g nfu]sf 5g\ . lxhf] c?nfO{
    ;fdGt eGg]x cfh cfkm}F gj;fdGt aGb}5g\ .
    hgtfn] Tolt 7"nf] cfz /fv]sf] kf6L{leq k'm6sf] b}nf]df kfOnf /flv/x]sf]
    5 . ljrf/sf] ;+3if{df xf] of] jf kb / k};fsf] ljrf/sf] dfq xf] eg] j}B
    ;d"xdf klg kbnf]nk' tf gb]lvg' kg]{ xf] . blIf0f Pl;ofd} Pp6f c;n
    /fhg]tfsf] v8]/L kl//x]sf] a]nf ;a}sf] cf"vf k|r08dfly lyof] / cBlk
    clncln eP klg 5 t/ k|r08 h;/L :vlnt x'b" } uO/x]sf 5g\ . To;n] ubf{
    Tof] cfz klg dg{ ;Defjgf 5 . s]af6 s] eof] . k|r08 l;f] kf6L{leqsf g]tf
    x'gk' g]{ xf] t/ cfh Pp6f u'6sf] g]tf ePsf 5g\, l;f] b]zsf] g]tf x'gk' g]d{ f
    s'nLgju{sf] / gj;fdGtju{sf] g]tfdf kl/0ft x'b" } uO/x]sf 5g\ . k|r08df
    cem} klg blIf0f Pl;ofs} /fhg]tf x'g] u'0fx 5g\, t/ s:t'/L, d[u cfk"m;"u
    ePsf] aLgfsf] ;'uGwsf] tnf;df otfptf ef}tF fl//x]em}F pgL klg ef}tF fl//x]sf
    5g\ . o;/L ef}tF fl//x"bf s'g} lbg pgsf] /fhgLltsf] b P08 x'g a]/ 5}g . x'g
    t lxhf] hgtfn]] lzv/df r9fPsf k|r08 cfh cfkm}F a];Ldf eml/;s]sf
    5g\ . ;fdGTfjfbsf lj/f]wL k|r08 cfh gj;fdGt alg;s]sf 5g\ . of] d]/f]
    xf]Og Pp6f e'Stef]uLsf] cg'ej xf] . 36gf b}nv
    ] sf] Pp6f ufp"sf] xf]] . ;do
    hgo'4sf] . dfcf]jfbLn] ufp"sf] Pp6f tyfslyt ;fdGtsf] 3/ n'65
    \ g\ .
    3/sf] >L;DklQ, v;Laf]sf ;a} lnP/ uP/ a]R5g\ / a]Rbf krf; xhf/ bfd
    xft nfU5 . o;}aLr ;fob ut ;fn Tof] ;fdGt sf7df8f}F cfp"5g\ . Toxf"
    pgsf] hDsfe]6 pgsf] 3/ n'6g\ g]tT[ j ug]{ dfcf]jfbL g]tf;"u x'G5 . pgn]
    pgL;"u k|Zg u5{g\ . d]/f] 3/ n'6b\ f tkfO{x+ sf] xftdf slt k/]sf] lyof] <
    g]tfn] hjfkm lbG5g\ krf; xhf/ . of] ;'g/] n'l6g] ;fdGtn] k|Zg u5{g\ ===
    ca eGg';\ sd/]8, s/f]8eGbf a9Lsf] sf/df r9\g,] 8]9 nfvsf] kndf ;'Tg],
    b'O{ nfvsf] 38L af"Wg], Ps nfvsf] rZdf{ nufpg] k|r08 ;fdGt ls krf;
    xhf/sf] ;DklQ ePsf] d ;fdGt of] t aflx/L b]lvg] s'/f eof], o;afx]s
    leqL gub lhG;L slt 5 of] s;n] b]vs
    ] f] 5 / tL g]tfn] d;Fu eg]sf lyP
    ;/ d Tof] dfG5]sf] s'/f ;'g/] gfhjfkm eP", d;"u p;sf] k|Zgsf] s'g} hjfkm
    lyPg . cfh kf6L{leqsf] n8fO" ljrf/sf] nflu xf] jf kb / k};fsf] nflu, of]
    t ;don] g} atfpnf . ca Pp6f dxfef/tsf] ;fgf] k|; . g]tfxn] s]xL
    lnG5g\ ls o;af6 cfz u/f}F t/ e/ gk/f}F . kf08jxn] b|fk] bLnfO{ laxf
    u/]sf lyP . kf"r efOsL Pp6L :jf:gL . Ho]i7tfqmdcg';f/ a;]l{ gsf] kfnf]
    nfu]sf] lyof] b|fk] bL dfly . Pp6f zt{ lyof] Toxf" . b|fk] bL;"u /fhdxndf Ps
    efO a;]sf] a]nf c? rf/ efO Toxf" cfpg gkfpg], olb la;{/] cfP klg Ps
    jif{ jgjf;df hfg'kg]{ . Pslbgsf] s'/f xf] . ch'g{ aflx/ a;]sf lyP .
    olts}df Pp6f a|fXd0f ch{g' 5]p cfp"5 / Pp6f rf]/n] p;sf] ufO{j:t' rf]//]
    nu]sf] atfp"b} cfgf] ufO{j:t' lkmtf{ u/fOlbg laGtL u5{ / of] /fhwd{ xf]
    eg]/ eGg lal;{Gg . /fhfsf] st{Jo cfgf] k|hfsf] /Iff ug{' xf] . ch'g{ n]
    rf]/af6 pgsf] ufO{j:t' lkmtf{ u/fOlbg] jrg lbG5g\ . ch'g{ sf] wg'sf"8
    dxnleq lyof] . pgL bu'b{ } dxnleq hfG5g\ t/ Toxf" o'lwli7/ b|fk] bL;"u
    k|0folqmofdf Jo:t lyP . ch'g{ n] cfgf] wg'sf"8 lnP/ rf]/nfO{ ;dfTg
    hfG5g\ / rf]/nfO{ ;dft]/ a|fXd0fsf ufO{j:t' lkmtf{ u/fp"5g\ / rf]/nfO{ b08
    lbP/ kmls{G5g\ . ch'g{ Toxf"af6 dxndf hfG5g\ / o'lwli7/;Fu zt{g;
    ' f/
    jgjf;df hfg] cf1f dfU5g\ . of] ;'g/] o'lwli7/n] eG5g\ ch'g{ ltdLn]
    cfgf] /fhwd{sf] kfngf u/]sf 5f}F . ltdLn] a|fXd0fnfO{ ufO{j:t' lkmtf{ u/fOlbg]
    jrg lbPsf lyof} . Tof] jrgsf] kfngf u/]sf 5f} . /fhfn] cfk"mn] lbPsf]
    jrgsf] kfngf ug{k' 5{ / cfgf] k|hfsf] /Iff klg ug{k' 5{ . To;}n] ltdLn]
    zt{sf] pNn+3g u/]sf 5}gf}, ltdL jgjf; hfg' kb}g{ .

    7
    bftfsf]===

    clVtof/n] sLg / s'g cfwf/df


    p;nfO{ Tof] kb lbOPsf] xf] eGg] hjfkm
    dfu u/]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .
    To:t}, bftfsf] cfj/0fdf !*
    jif{b]lv g]kfndf /xFbf ;'ludf]tf]n]
    ljleGg cj} B l;kmfl/; kqsf
    cfwf/df u}/ ko{6s le;f lnPsf]
    ;d]t ;dfrf/ k|sflzt ePkl5
    clVtof/n] u[x dGqfno;Fu lghn]
    k6s k6s lnPsf] le;fsf] lj:t[t
    ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg lgb{z
    ] u/]sf]
    5 eg] otLsf jif{ g]kfndf /xFbf >d
    :jLs[tL lnP glnPsf] ;Gbe{df >d
    tyf /f]huf/ k|j4{g ljefu;Fu klg
    hfgsf/L dfu u/]sf] 5 . clVtof/sf]
    hjfkm kmsf{pg ;a}eGbf xtf/f]
    ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\n] u/]sf] 5 .
    p;n] clVtof/n] ;f]w]sf] hjfkmsf]
    uf]ndf6f]n hjfkm kmsf{P/ cfkm\gf]
    sdhf]/Laf6 hf]lug] pkfo vf]h] klg
    clVtof/n] eg] bf];f| ] k6s k|lt k|Zg
    ub{ } ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\ n fO{
    cK7\of/f]df kfg{] cj:yf b]vf k/]sf]
    5 . clVtof/ ;|ft] eG5, lsg otLsf
    nfdf] ;do;Dd ;Dks{ ljxLg
    cj:yfdf klg pQm ;+:yfnfO{ ljleGg
    ultljlw ug{ lbOof], pQm ;+:yfnfO{
    ;Dks{df Nofpgsf nflu lsg kxn
    ul/Pg eGg] af/]df bf];|f] k6s
    clVtof/n] kl/ifb\;Fu ;f]wk"5 ug{]
    atfOPsf] 5 . ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\
    g} To:tf cfO{PghLcf]sf] cg'udg ug{]
    cflwsf/Ls lgsfo xf] eg] xfn;Dd
    g] k fndf tLg;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf
    cfO{PghLcf] ;lqmo /x] klg s'g
    ;lqmolglZqmo 5g\, kl/ifb\nfO{
    cQf]kQf] 5}g . P;LP hfkfgsf cWoIf
    ;'ludf]tf]nfO{ glhsaf6 a'em\g]xn]
    bftf sf] vf]n cf]9]/ n'6 ug{]
    JolQmsf kdf lrGb5g\ . hfkfgsf
    s]xL dgsf/L JolQm / ;+:yfnfO{
    u'd/fxdf kf/]/ g]kfndf cfkm"n] o;f]
    u/]sf], p;f] u/]sf] eGb} uf]Ko ljj/0f
    / t:jL/ b]vfP/ ;'ludf]tf]n] y'k|}
    cfly{s ab\df;L u/]sf] atfOG5 .
    ;fy}, pgn] bftfnfO{ e|ddf kf/]/
    pgLxaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] bfg/fzL
    ;d]t hfkfgd} cfkm\gf] vftfdf ;f/]/
    g]kfndf rflxPcg';f/ c8\sn]/
    Nofpg] u/]sf] ;d]t P;LP hfkfgs}
    g]kfnL kbflwsf/Lsf] bfjL 5 . To:t},
    ckf/bzL{ lqmofsnfk / PSnf] a}+s
    vftf ;~rfng u/]s} sf/0f P;LP
    hfkfgsf k| l tli7t kbflwsf/Ln]
    /fhLgfdf lbP/ ;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/Laf6
    cnu ePsf] ;d]t k|sfzdf cfPsf]
    5 . vf;u/L /fhwfgLdf gfd rn]sf
    s]xL gLlh :s'nsf ;~rfns / ;f]xL
    ;+:yfsf sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ ;d]t
    /x]sf dfg'lif lbuf] ljsfz gfds
    PghLcf]sf cWoIf b]j]Gb|/fh zdf{n]
    ;d]t ;'ludf]tf]sf] cfly{s ab\df;Ldf
    ;fy lbPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . ;dfh
    sNof0f kl/ifb\nufot g]kfnsf s'g}
    klg ;/sf/L lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo
    g/fv]sf] P;LP hfkfgn] cfkm\g}
    sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ cWoIf /x]sf] dfg'lif
    lbuf] ljsfz gfds PghLcf];Fu
    uf]Kokdf ;xsfo{ ub{} cfly{s
    ab\df;L u/]sf] kfOPkl5 pQm ;+:yf
    / sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ zdf{nfO{ ;d]t
    clVtof/n] 8fSg] a'lemPsf] 5 .
    To:t}u/L, P;LP hfkfgs} w"t{ sd{rf/L
    uf]s'n e"h]n ;d]t ;'ludf]tf]sf]
    clgoldt Pjd\ z+ v f:kb
    lqmofsnfksf] ;fIfL g} ag]sf] dfq
    geP/ p;nfO{ t?gLsf] Joj:yf
    ldnfOlbP/ yk ljZjf;Lnf] aGg
    k'u]sf] P;LP hfkfgs} sd{rf/Ln]
    atfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] k6s
    w"t{ uf]s'n e"h]nn] cfkm\g} lgs6
    gft]bf/ /x]sL e"h]n y/s} cfdf5f]/L
    ;' l udf] t f] n fO{ r9fP/sf] ;d] t
    k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5 . t;y{, bftf
    / ;dfh;]jL x'F eGg]xsf] cfj/0f
    x]/]/ xf]Og, pgLxsf] lgot /
    lqmofsnfk x]/]/ vfbf / km"ndfnf
    nufpg' kg{] cj:yf pTkGg ePsf]
    5 . cfkm"n] cfkm}n
    F fO{ bftf ;dfh;]jL
    eg] /
    ;Ddfg
    vf] H g] x
    ;'ludf]tf]xh:t} x'g ;S5g\ eGg]tkm{
    klg ;a}sf] Wofg hfg' h?/L 5 .

    g]kfnL====

    k5f8Lsf] Pp6} sf/0f lyof] g]kfnL


    qmflGt ;w} g]t[Tjs} sf/0f c;kmn
    ePsf lyP tyf ln8/l;kxaf6
    g]kfnL hgtfn] w]/} k6s wf]sf vfPsf

    /fatOfc t]u (@ hf];c nf; *^)@


    lyP . g]kfnL Oltxf;df dfS;{jfbsf]
    gfd hk] / ;a} ln8/l;kx
    blIf0fklGy ;'wf/afbs} ;]jf u/] tyfkL
    of] g]t[Tj hgo'2sf] dxf;u|fdaf6
    cfPsfn] o;n] wf]sf lbb}g eGg]
    laZjf; g]kfnL hgdfg;df knfPsf]
    lyof] t/ hj g] k fnL qmflGtn]
    zflGtk'0f{ df]8 lng' kg]{ ca:yfsf]
    ;[ h gf eof] Tof] ;u} Ps kl5
    csf]{ ub}{ hgo'2sf pknlAwx
    lau7g ug{ lt/ g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
    g] t [ T j nfUof] of] g} g] k fnL
    qmflGtsf] lglDt b'b{;fsf] lbgsf]
    ;' ? jft lyof] . zflGt k| s [ o f
    k5fl8 hgo' 2 sf] hudf lgld{ t
    cfwf/Onfsf,hg;Qf hgcbfnt /
    hgldlnl;of h:tf hgtfsf k|ToIf
    ;/f]sf/sf laifonfO{ lau7g ub}{
    cuf8L a9\g yfn] kl5 g]t[Tj k|lt
    :jefljs cfz+sf k}bf ePsf] lyof] .
    kl5Nnf] r/0fdf cfO{ k'Ubf hgtfsf]
    ;]gf hf] hgd'lQm ;]gf 5 o;sf
    laifodf blIf0fkGyLxn] nufpb}
    cfPsf] cf/f]k / pgLsf] pb]Zo kl/k'lt{
    x'g] ul/ qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj u/]sf] s]xL
    AolQmafbL g]tfxsf] unt lg0f{on]
    cfTd;d{k0fsf] af6f]lt/ ws]ns
    ] f] 5 .
    hf] hgtfsf] cfwf/df ag]sf] ;]gf xf]
    hgtfsf] / hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] rfxfgf
    cfTd;k{k0f klg xf]Og .
    ;Qfsf] eof8 r8\g zlxbxsf]
    /ut ;Fu ;fl6Psf] xltof/ /flvPsf]
    sG6]g/sf] rfla laif]z ;ldltnfO{
    kf6L{ lg0f{o lakl/t a'emfpg' ;fy}
    dw]zjfbL bn ;Fu /fi6 / /fli6o
    :jflwgtfdf cfFr cfpg] vfNfsf
    rf/a'b] ;xdlt / ;Df}tf ug{n
    ' ] s]
    s'/f k|i6 u5{ eg] g]kfnL sDo'lgi6
    cfGbf]ngdf km]/L csf]{ wf]sf ePsf]
    5 . kf6L{ leq Pp6f OdfGbf/
    qmflGtsf/Lxsf] k+lQm klg 5 ;f]
    k+lQm ljleGg ;dodf g]t[Tj nfO{
    vj/bf/L / kfGt/0fsf] k|oTg klg
    ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . g]tT[ j cj kfGt/0f
    x'g] eGbf w]/} 6f9f k'lu;s]sf] /
    kfGt/0fsf] ko{Tg ug'{ s/Lj Aoy{
    b]lvG5 . ljZj ;a{xf/f au{ dxfg
    u'? dfcf]sf] lgwg kl5 g]tT[ j lalxg
    cj:yfdf k'u]sf] lyof] To;sf] :yfg
    g]kfnL qmflGtsf] g]t[Tjn] lng ;S5
    eGg] laZjf; lyof] cGttM g]kfnL
    qmflGtsf] g]t[Tjn] ;QflnKt x'gsf
    nflu g]kfnL >dlhlj ;a{xf/f au{n]
    dfq x} g laZjsf qmflGtsf/L
    hg;d'bfon] u/]sf cfzfsf] lagf;
    u/]sf 5 . h;nfO{ laZjf; u/of]
    p;} n ] wf] s f lbg] / u2f/L ug] {
    ca:yfn] g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ dfq
    geP/ laZj qmflGtdf 7'n} gf]Szflg
    x'b} cfPsf] 5 . of] rl/q hgo'2sf]
    pknlAwxsf] la36g, rfla
    x:tfGt/0f / rf/ a'b] ;xdlt ;Dd
    cfO{ k'Ubf k'gM bf]x/LPsf] cg'e'lt
    ug{ ;lsG5 . lsg g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
    laZjf; k|fKt g]tT[ j of] :yfgdf k'Uof] <
    / laZjnfO{ g} rlst kfg]{ u/L
    blIf0fklGy ;'wf/afbsf] kIfkf]if0f ug]{
    lbzf to u/of] < o;sf] op6} hjfkm
    x'g hfG5 s= n]lggn] eg] em} g]tT[ j
    qmflGtsf/L 5 ls 5}g eGg] hfFRg
    p;sf] ;DaGwnfO x]g'{ k5{ . p;n]
    >dlhla ;a{xf/f au{ ;Fusf] ;Fut
    u5{ of bnfn k'lhklt ;Fu u5{ .
    g]kfnL qmflGtsf] g]tT[ j zflGt k|so[ f
    kl5 bnfn k' l hklt, t:s/ /
    e|i6xsf] 3]/fdf k/of] / >dlhla
    ;a{xf/f au{sf] laifodf ;f]Rg]lt/ Wofg
    lbPg . cGtt qmflGtnfO{ wf]sf lbg]
    :yfgdf k'Uof] . g]kfnL qmflGtn] k'gM
    csf]{ g;f]lrPsf] csNklgo wf]sf
    Aoxf]g'{ k/of], km]/L ;lxbsf ;kgfdf
    s'7f/f3ft x'g] ;+st] b]vf k/]sf] 5 .
    km]l/ g]kfnL qmflGtsf] sfo{ef/
    OdfGbf/ qmflGtsf/Lxdf cfPsf] 5
    g]tT[ jn] wf]sf lbg' g} qmflGt l;l2g'
    x}g tyfkL s]lx lg Iflt k'Ub}g eGg]
    caZo x}g . Tof] IfltnfO{ ;d]t ;d]6/]
    cuf8L a9\bf s]lx ;do h?/ u'hfg'{
    kg]{ g} xf]nf of] eGbf dxTjk'0f{ s'/f
    s] eg] qmflGtsf/Lxn] g]Tf[Tjsf]
    ;dfwfg vf]Hg} kb{5 . g]tT[ j ;DaGwL
    Pp6f d]sflghd tof/ gu/L cufl8
    a9\g sl7g ePsf] 5 . olb g]tT[ j
    lgdf0f{sf] k|ZgnfO{ :yflo 9n]
    ;dfwfg vf]Hg ;lsPg eg] To;sf]
    Iflt km]/L g]kfnL hgtfn] p7fpg'
    kg]{ x'G5 To;sf] nfuL qmflGtsf/L
    k+lQm a]nfdf g} ;r]t x'g h?/L 5 .
    of] g]tT[ jaf6 qmflGtsf] k'0f{tf c;Dej

    k|fo eP kl5 g]kfnL qmflGtsf/L


    hg;d'bfo / laZj ;a{xf/f au{n]
    dfof df/L ;s]sf] 5 uf]?af6 afR5f]
    kfpg] sNkgf t ug{ ;lsPnf t/
    jf:tljstfdf afR5f] kfpg ufO{ g}
    rflxG5 clxn]sf] g]tT[ jsf] cj:yf klg
    To:t} ag]sf] 5 . b]zdf lab]l;sf]
    tf08j g[To rln/x]sf] ;do / hgtf
    dxl e|i6frf/ / s'zf;gsf] rk]6fdf
    kl//x]sf] a]nfdf qmflGtsf/L zlQmn]
    klg uwf r'6/] ufO{ agfO{G5 ls eGg]
    ;kgf b]Vg x'b}g . a? dfn]dfnfO{
    g]kfnL df}nLstf ;lxt ;[hgfTds
    k|of]u ub}{ g]kfnL qmflGtsf afFls
    sfo{ef/ k'/f ug'{ cfhsf] d'Vo bfloTj
    qmflGtsf/L zlQmsf] g} xf] . g]kfnsf
    qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6x of] lbzfdf
    cuf8L a9]df g]t[Tjsf] k|Zg klg
    ;fk]lIfs xn x'g ;S5 .

    /IffdGqLsf]====

    zflGt / ;+ljwfg n]vgsf ljifodf


    Pp6} wf/0ffsf ;fy k|:t't x'g] eGg]
    ljifodf klg ;xdlt ePsf] atfOPsf]
    5 . o;}aLr, Joj:yflksf ;+;b\
    a}7sdf k|ltkIfL bnxn] e"ld;'wf/
    dGqL k|e' ;fx / /IffdGqL z/tl;+x
    e08f/LnfO{ tTsfn kbaf6 x6fpg
    bafa lbPsf 5g\ . cfh a;]sf] ;+;b\
    a}7sdf k|ltkIfL bnx sfFu|]; /
    Pdfn]n] ;fxnfO{ tTsfn kbaf6
    gx6fOP ;+;b\ a}7s rNg glbg]
    r]tfjgL;d]t lbP . lxGb' o'jf ;+3sf
    cWoIf sfzL ltjf/Lsf] xTofdf ;fx
    d'Vo bf]ifL /x]sf] bfaL ub}{ tL bnxn]
    pgsf] d' 2 f;d] t grnfOg' d f
    k|wfgdGqLs} ;+/If0f /x]sf] cf/f]k;d]t
    nufP . k'ln;n] ;fxlj?4 ls6fgL
    hfx]/ ul/;s]kl5 ;fxnfO{ tTsfn
    cbfntdf d'2f rnfOg'kg]{df sfFu|];
    Pdfn]n] hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . To:t} b]z
    6'qmfpg] cleJolSt lbPsf] eGb}
    /IffdGqL z/t\l;+x e08f/LnfO{ klg
    sf/afxL ug{ ;+;b\df dfu ul/Psf] 5 .
    s]xL lbgcl3 e08f/Ln] t/fO{sf @@
    lhNnfxnfO{ cnu /fHo agfpg]
    r]tfjgL lbPsf lyP . Pdfn] cWoIf
    emngfy vgfn, sf+u;] | ;+;bLo g]tf
    /fdrGb| kf}8n] , sf+u;]| sf g]tf /fdz/0f
    dxt, dfcf]jfbLsf bLgfgfy zdf{nufotn]
    ;+;b a}7sdf af]ns
    ] f lyP .

    ljB'
    tLs/0fsf]====
    j8f g+= ! / @ dfq ljB'tLs/0f

    ePsfn] cGo uflj;df qmlds kdf


    ljB'tLs/0f ug]{ of]hgfcg'k pSt
    sfd cl3 a9fOPsf] atfP . r}t
    dlxgfleq lah'nL aN5 eg]/ k|lt3/
    ?= % xhf/;Dd rGbf ;+sng uof}F,
    Tof] /sd klg 5} g , ;/sf/n]
    ljlgof]hg u/]sf] /sd klg 5}g,
    pgn] eg], tLg j8fdf ul/g'kg]{
    sfdn] pN6} j8f % df lah'nL
    aflnPsf] 5 . tLg j8fdf ;fdfGo
    kf]n uf8\ga' fx]s c? s]xL ePsf] 5}g,
    Toltsf /sdsf] k|ult vf]O < pgn]
    k|Zg u/] . ljB't\ lj:tf/ ;ldltsf]
    g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 DofUbL zfvfsf]
    vftf g+= @$!$ df /x]sf] /sd
    ;ldltsf cWoIf v8\sfn] ljB't\
    k|flws/0fnfO{ a'emfpg'kg]d{ f tTsfnLg
    k|flws/0f k|dv
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    clwsf/Ln] atfP . cl3Nnf] cfly{s
    jif{ / ut jif{ u/L !, @ / % df u/L
    hDdf $)) 3/w' / Ldf dfq
    ljB'tLs/0f ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .
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    ljsf; ;ldltsf cWoIf v8\sf
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    ' ;?jf
    x'g' / uflj;;lrj kf]v/fdf x'g'n]
    36gfnfO{ yk /x:odo agfPsf] 5 .

    k|wfgdGqLsf] gfd===

    ePsf]n] h] klg ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ k};f


    p7fP/ vfPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . gSsnL
    8n/sf] sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf] / ko{6g
    af]8a{ f6 kq n]vfO{ ljleGg b"tfaf;af6
    le;fsf] nflu ljleGg JolQmnfO{ le;fsf]
    nflu l;kmfl/; u/fP/ k};f vfPsf;d]t
    k|df0f h'6b\ } uPsf] 5 . af]8s
    { f k|dv
    '
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    ;a} hfgsf/L eP klg pgL l;+v8fsf
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    /x]sf 5g\ . cflbTo 8f nf]s/fh
    a/fnsf 5f]/f / lul/hfk|;fbsf k"j{

    ljb]z dfldnf ;Nnfxsf/ x'g\ . sfzL


    e08f/LnfO{ 6]saxfb'/ 8fFuLn] g} kfun
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    b]pjfsf] vf; dfG5] eGb} lxF8s
    ] f] / clxn]
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    u/]sf] 5 . kl5, afdb]j uf}tdnfO{ cfkm\g}
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    cfkm"n] g} c+uh
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    6]saxfb'/ 8fFuLsf kfnfdf zfxL
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    zfxLsf] ;f[;d{ f hfuL/ u/]sf x'g\ . pgL
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    u5{g\ . nf]stGq cfPkl5 s]xL ;do;Dd
    Pdfn] / clxn] cfkm" dfcf]jfbLsf] dfG5]
    x'F eGb} wfs nfP/ lxF8g\ yfn]sf 5g\ .
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    sf;L e08f/L, v8\uljqmd zfxn] af]8s
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    v8\uljqmd zfxnufot 5g\ .

    u/L sfd ug{ g;s]df $% lbgleq


    /fhLgfdf lbg] pb\3f]if u/]sf k|wfgdGqL
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    ] f
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    lgjf{rg k|0ffnLnufotsf ljifodf
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    ' sf]
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    / ;+ljwfg n]vgsfk|lt pgsf] g]tT[ j
    ;kmn x'gd] f cem} ljZj;gLo cfwf/
    aGg g;s]sf] :ki6 x'G5 .

    k|wfgdGqLsf]====

    k'gu{l7t ;/sf/ aGg] bfaL u/] .


    clxn]sf] ;/sf/n] zflGt / ;+ljwfg
    lgdf{0fdf Ps O{Gr klg sfd ug{
    g;s]sf] eGb} cfrfo{n] g]kfnL ;]gfsf]
    dfkb08cg';f/ zflGtk|lqmof cufl8
    a9fpg dfcf]jfbL tof/ eP ;a}
    ljjfb ldNg] ljZjf; JoSt u/] . pgn]
    k|wfgdGqL / ;/sf/ d"n d'2fnfO{
    5f8]/ ;fgfltgf s'/f u/]/ ;:tf]
    nf] s lk| o tf xfl;/ ug{ nfu] s f]
    bfaL;d]t u/] .

    ef/t====

    sfo{;DkGg gul/sg tyf g]kfn /


    ef/tsf ;Ldf;DaGwL ;d:of
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    lbg' k g] { cfjZostf 5 . -!^_


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    ] S] 6
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    hfjtsf] nflu cGt/f{li6o ;Ldf
    Joj:yfkg dfkb08cg' ksf]
    leiffk|yf nfu" ul/g'kb{5 .

    ;fd'bflos====
    ljBfnon] P;Pn;L pQL0f{ k|ltzt
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    cg'zf;g / g}ltstfljxLg JolQm


    kz'eGbf klg t'R5 x'G5 . o;}n]
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    ;'?jft u/f}F .

    ;/sf/sf]====

    5 . t/fO{sf @@ lhNnf 6'lqmg ;Sg]


    cleJolSt lbFbf;d]t k|wfgdGqLn]
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    ;"rgf ljefu

    /fatOfc t]u (@ hf];c nf; *^)@


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    k|hftGqjfbL / dfgjclwsf/jfbL Pj+ gful/s ;dfhsf cu'jf aGg] /
    eGg] nx/ hf] rn]sf] 5 . ;ft ;d'b| / l;dfgfkfl/sf zlStzfnL dflnsn]
    To:t}nfO{ slyt k|hftGqjfbL / dfgjclwsf/jfbLsf] k|df0fkq lbPsf
    5g\ . To:tf] k|df0fkqsf cufl8 u/Lj d'ns
    ' g]kfnsf] hgfb]z / b]zelStsf]
    klg s'g} cy{ / dxTj gx'g] /x]5 . of] s'/f O/fg, O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg,
    lnljof cflb b]zdf ePsf 36gfn] klg k|dfl0ft ul/lbPs} 5g\ . xfd|f]
    b]zdf To;}sf] k'g/fa[lQ u/fpg e/dUb'/ k|of; eO/x] klg cem};Dd ;kmn
    x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . cGt/f{li6o xltof/ dflkmof tyf o'4 cfoft /
    lgof{tstf{xn] cem} xf/ klg vfPsf 5}gg\ . To;}n] t g]kfndf ;dod}
    zflGtk|lqmofnfO{ 6'f]df k'Ug lbOPsf] 5}g / gof" ;+ljwfg n]Vg klg lbOPsf]
    5}g . clg nf]slk|o g]tfnfO{ cnf]slk|o agfP/ ktg u/fpg] k|of; klg
    eO/x]sf] 5 . ju{leq, cfbz{u'?, ;xofqL / kyk|bz{saf6 6f9f /
    ju{b'Zdg;"u glhSofpg] sfddf tLj|tf cfPsf] 5 . k|z+;f u/]/ l;Wofpg]
    v]n v]lnPsf] 5 . ?v r9fP/ km]b sf6\g] / b'lgof"nfO{ 9f"6g\ ] sfd eO/x]sf]
    5, hf] w]/} vt/gfs 5 . nf]sn] rfx]sf / cTolws hgtfn] ?rfPsf
    JolSt 8f= afa'/fd e/fO{ k|wfgdGqL x'g'kYof]{, ePsf 5g\ . o;nfO{ s;}n]
    klg cGoyf dfGg ldNb}g . k|wfgdGqL x'gs} nflu nf]stflGqs dw]zL
    df]rf{;"u dWo/ftdf hf] h;sf] /f]xj/df h]h:tf] ;Demf}tf ul/of] / ToxL
    ;Demf}tf kfng ug]{ gfddf h]h:tf] xs{t ul/of] jf ul/Fb}5 o;nfO{ eg]
    ax';V+ os g]kfnLn] ;xhkdf krfpg ;s]sf] b]lvPg . s]xL ;~rf/ dfWodn]
    lnPsf] hgdt ;j]{If0fdf b'O{ltxfOeGbf clws g]kfnLsf] cfzf / e/f];fsf]
    s]Gb| ag]sf lyP 8f= afa'/fd e/fO{ . To;f] x'gd
    ' f e/fO{sf] af}l4s lrGtg,
    ;fbfkg / dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg /x]sf] ljZjf; ul/G5 .
    afa'/fdnfO{ Tof] cj:yfdf k'ofpgdf pgsf] kl/jf/, uf]vf{sf] ljBfnob]lv
    gof"lbNnLsf] hjfx/nfn g]x ljZjljBfnosf] hlt of]ubfg xf]nf df]xg
    j}B ls/0fxsf] klg sd of]ubfg 5}g . ;Qfsf] lzv/df k'u]kl5 ljho
    uR5bf/ / z/t\l;+x e08f/Lx 8f= afa'/fd e/fO{sf lk|o ldq / df]xg
    j}B ls/0f / /fdaxfb'/ yfkf afbnx clk|o b'Zdgsf kdf kl/eflift
    ul/Fb} hfg'nfO{ s;}n] klg /fd|f] eGb}g . of] s'/f ljfg e/fO{n] a'g'ePsf]
    5}g xf]nf eGg klg t ;lsFb}g . sd/]8 k|r08 / afa'/fd e/fO{ kIfLo
    g]tf, sfo{stf{, n]vs, kqsf/ jf gful/s ;dfhsf cu'jfn] sd/]8 ls/0f
    / pxf"kIfLo cu|h g]tfxk|lt ;fx|} clk|o 6Lsfl6Kk0fL ul//x]sf 5g\ .
    To;nfO{ lsgf/af6 cjnf]sg ul//x]sf ko{j]Ifs eG5g\ pxL afa'sf]
    3/;DklQ Joxf/]/ a;]sf, u[x:yL rnfPsf k|f9} JolStn] cfgf] s"n, k/Dk/f,
    cfbz{, g}lts lzIff / ;b\a'l4 lbg] a[4 afa'nfO{ ;xg g;s]/ 8f]sfdf
    af]s]/ le/af6 kmfNg nUbf gfltn] eg]5 afaf, xh'/afnfO{ kmfn]sf] 8f]sf]
    kmsf{P/ Nofpg' x}, ef]ln d}n] klg 7"nf] ePkl5 ToxL 8f]sf]df af]s/] xh'/nfO{
    kmfNg k5{ lg g]kfnsf ufp"3/df k|rlnt of] syf ;fx|} dfld{s 5 . o;n]
    w]/}nfO{ uDeL/ eP/ ;f]Rg / Jojxf/ ug{ afWo kf5{ . sd/]8 k|r08 jf
    afa'/fdnfO{ klg kf/] x'GYof] eGg] hgrfxgf klg 5 . sd/]8 ls/0f kIfLo
    g]tfn] cfk"m cWoIf jf k|wfgdGqL aGg rfx]sf 5}gg\ . pgLxn] k|r08
    cWoIf / afa'/fd k|wfgdGqL ePsf]df s'g} b'Mv dfg]sf klg 5}gg\ . cfgf
    cWoIf / k|wfgdGqLsf] dfgdof{bfdf sdL cfpg' x'Gg / kf6L{nfO{ sfnf] bfu
    gnfuf];\ eG5g\ cyf{t\ sfFu|]; / Pdfn]h:tf] x'g' ePg eG5g\ . g]kfnL
    hgtfn] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{nfO{ p;sf] /fhgLlts ljrf/, Oltxf;, jL/tf /
    hgkIfw/tfs} sf/0f ;aeGbf 7"nf] bn agfPsf x'g\ . lgjf{rgdf lhtfPsf
    x'g\ . p;nfO{ sf+u;
    ]| / Pdfn]h:tf] kf6{L\ L kdf b]Vg rfx]sf 5}gg\ . of] s'/f
    ls/0f kIfLo g]tfsf] dfq} xf]Og hgtfsf] klg egfO xf] . olb dfcf]jfbL klg
    sf+u|]; / Pdfn]h:t} x'g] xf] eg] To;n] g]kfndf kl/jt{gsf] ef/L af]Sg
    ;Sb}g . hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df s'g} ;'wf/ cfp"b}g . gof" g]kfnsf] ;kgf
    sNkgfd} /xG5 . To;}n] klg sd/]8 k|r08 / afa'/fdnfO{ dfwj g]kfn jf
    v8\u cf]nLsf] gof" ;+:s/0fsf kdf b]Vg rfx]sf 5}gg\ . of] s'/f dfcf]jfbLn]
    a'em]s} x'g'k5{ .
    clxn] dfcf]jfbLdf dxfljjfb 5 . of] dxfljjfb TolQs} cfPsf] x}g .
    ;Qfdf k'uk] l5 cfPsf] xf] . ;Qfdf k'uk] l5 cfpg] ljjfb ;Qfaflx/ k/]kl5
    ldNg] rng g]kfnL /fhgLltdf ljBdfg 5 . ;Qfd} /x]sf a]nf ldNg] /
    ldnfpg] k|of; ug{k5{ eGg] hgrfxgf xf] . cfh ljho uR5bf/ / z/t\l;+x
    e08f/Lx hlt g} ldq b]lvP klg ef]ln afa'/fdsf nflu ls/0f / afbnxn]
    h:tf] ;xof]u ug{ ;Sb}gg\ / ub}{gg\ klg . h;/L kfn'\6f/sf] /fhgLlts
    k|ltj]bg kf; u/fpg sd/]8 k|r08nfO{ ls/0f kIfs} ;fy rflxPsf] lyof]
    To;}u/L sd/]8 afa'/fd e/fO{nfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfpg klg ls/0f kIfsf]
    ;xof]un] g} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] xf] . of] s'/f lsg lal;{OG5 . b'j}nfO{
    dfly hfgk/] ls/0f kIfs} eof rflxg], dfly k'lu;s]kl5 ToxL eof
    grflxg] eGg] ljrf/ / Jojxf/ g} ljrng xf] . of] ljrngaf6 dfcf]jfbLnfO{
    /f]Sg ;s] dfq} klg g]kfndf zflGt k|lqmofsf] ;fy} 6'f] / gof" ;+ljwfg
    n]vgdf ;3fp k'ofpg ;lsG5 gq ;lsFb}g . otflt/ lsg Wofg lbO"b}g h;/L vu]Gb| ;+uf| n
    } fnfO{ ;Qfsf] Xo"d kfOkdf Psfklaf6 k;fn]/ csf]k{ laf6
    emfbf{ k|bLk g]kfn gagf];\ eGg] rfxgf s'g} ;Hhgn] /fv] To;}u/L g]kfnsf
    ;Dk"0f{ cu|ufdL / kl/jt{gsf kIfw/xn] sd/]8 k|r08 / afa'/fdnfO{
    dfwj g]kfn / v8\u cf]nL aGg lbg' x'"b}g, /f]Sg'k5{ . k|r08, ls/0f /
    afa'/fd e/fO{nfO{ ;"u;"u} af]Sg'k5{ . k|r08 / afa'/fdnfO{ af]s]/ ls/0f
    kIfnfO{ 7f]Sg' eg]sf] ljefhgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{' xf] . ls/0f kIfw/xn]
    ;/sf/ / kf6L{ ;a}sf] ;Qf rnfPsf 5}gg\ . aflx/} a;]/ ljrf/sf] /fhgLlt
    u/]sf 5g\ . ljrf/sf] /fhgLltdfly k|xf/ ug]{ xf] eg] a]ljrf/n] df}sf
    kfp"5 . To;n] lgDTofpg] ;d:of emg\ vt/gfs x'G5 . o;kflnsf] ljhof
    bzdLn] To:tf] vt/gfs v]naf6 d'St u/f];\ . ldqnfO{ zq' / zq'nfO{ ldq
    b]Vg] / n]Vg]xnfO{ ;b\a'l4 b]cf];\ eGg] sfdgf 5 . xflb{s z'esfdgf 5 .

    vt/gfs v]n

    sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#@)^#^$

    lsg /fli6o cg';Gwfg ljefu ;b}j c;kmn <


    h'g;'s} jfb cyf{t\ Joj:yf xf];\
    jf cfcf];\ u'Ktr/sf] k|efjsfl/tfnfO{
    xfdL ;a}n] a'g'kb{5 . xfdLnfO{
    Joj:yf;Fu s'g} ;/f]sf/ x'gx' G' g . s]jn
    of] ;+:yf k|efjsf/L x'gk' b{5 eGg]
    dfGotfnfO{ a'g'kb{5 . k~rfotsfndf
    g]kfn u'Ktr/ ljefu xfnsf] /fli6o
    cg';Gwfg ljefu ;"rgf ;+oGqsf] nflu
    cToGt g} k|efjzfn /x]sf] lyof] . To;
    cj;/df of] ;+:yf k|ToIf / ck|ToIf
    kaf6 b/af/ cyf{t\ /fhf s}
    dftxtdf g} lyof]eGbf cTo'lQm gxf]nf .
    Tof] ;dodf g]kfn u'Ktr/ ljefusf]
    lgodfjnL klg cToGt g} s8f lyof] .
    To;a] n f ;" r gf r' x fpg] x nfO{
    d[To'b08;Ddsf] ;hfo /x]sf]n] of] ;+:yf
    lgs} k|efjzfnL ag]sf] lyof] . h'g
    b]zsf] sfg'g sxfF x'bF g} , Tof] b]zcl3
    a9\g ;Sg}g\ eGg] s'/fsf] phfu/
    To;a]nfsf] sfg'g / lgodfjnLn] g}
    b]vfPsf] x'G5 . o;a]nf /fi6df vt/f
    b]vd
    ] f, u'Ktr/sf s'g} klg txsf
    sd{rf/Ln] cfgf] kl/rokq b]vfO{
    /fhf ;dIf 5'} e]6 u/L cfgf] s'/f
    /fVg kfpg];Ddsf] clwsf/ To;a]nf
    u'Ktr/sf sd{rf/LnfO{ lyof] . t/,
    va/ ;To x'g' kb{lyof] .
    ha g]kfn u'Ktr/ ;+:yfn] @)!&
    ;fndf g]kfnL sfFu;
    ]| sf] ;/sf/nfO{
    tTsfnLg /fh:j >L % dx]Gb|n] ckb:t
    u/] / To; ;dodf of] ;+:yfdf sfo{/t
    sd{ r f/Lx :j= aLkLs} efG;] ,
    ;'/Iffuf8{ / ;Nnfxsf/sf] kdf sfd
    u/L ToxfFsf cToGt ;+j]bgzLn
    ;"rgfx ;+sng u/L u'Ktr/ ;+:yfdf
    / b/af/df k7fpg] / g]kfnL sfFu;
    ]| sf
    clwsf+z of]hgfx c;kmn ug{]
    sfdx o;} ;+:yfn] u/]sf] s'/f s;};uF
    n'ss
    ] f] 5}g . To;sf/0f ;+:yfnfO{ bf]if
    lbg'eGbf cufl8 s;}n] klg klxnf
    cfkm}nF fO{ a'g h?/L 5 . ;+:yfnfO{ bf]if
    lbg'eGbf cufl8 g]kfn ;/sf/df
    sfo{/t pRrkb:y /fi6;j] s, ;'/Iff
    lgsfosf cxn] / ;/sf/ rnfpg]
    /fi6klt, k|wfgdGqLxn] xfdL s'g
    w/ftndf 5f}F eGg] klxnf s'/f a'g
    h?/L /x]sf] cfu|x ug{ rfxG5' .
    ;a}eGbf klxnf d ;/sf/ cyf{t\ g]kfn
    ;/sf/nfO{ s] eGg rfxG5' eg], b]zdf
    ;'zf;g sfod ug{ s8f sfg'gsf]
    Joj:yf ug'k{ b{5 / To; sfg'gleq sf]
    7"nf] sf] ;fgf] eGg] lje]b x6fO{ b]zsf]
    /fi6kltb]lv k|wfgdGqL;d]t To;
    sfg'gleq a;L sfg'gsf] kfngf ug]t{ km{
    Wofg lbg'kb{5 / sfg'geGbf 7"nf]
    /fi6klt, k|wfgdGqLnufot ;jf]R{ r
    cbfntsf k|wfg GofofwLzx;d]t
    c6fpg] sfg'g agfcf}F clg sfg'gsf]
    kfngf ub}{ n}hfcf}F . sfg'gljk/Lt sfd
    ug]{ hf];s
    ' } klg ;hfosf] efuL x'g5
    ]
    eGg] ;Gb]znfO{ cufl8 n}hfg sfd u/f}F
    / clg s;}nfO{ sfd nfUg] jf gnfUg]
    eGg]tkm{ Wofg hcf];\ eGg] ;a}
    a'l4hLjLnufot ;/sf/df /x]sf
    /fi6;j] sxn] cfu|x ug{ rfxG5f}F .
    g]kfn u'Ktr/ ljefu cyf{t\ xfnsf]
    /fli6o cg';Gwfg ljefunfO{ c;kmn
    agfpg] sfd tTsfnLg g]kfn ;/sf/,
    g]kfn /fli6o ;fKtflxs cfOtaf/ %
    c;f/ @)^* sf] c+sdf k|sflzt
    lg:kmn ;+oGq eGg] zLif{s k9\bf xfdL
    /fi6;j] snfO{ b'Mv nfUg'sf ;fy} To;
    c+sdf /fli6o cg';Gwfg ljefuk|lt
    n]lvPsf] b[li6sf]0f yfxf gePsf] JolQmn]
    cfgf] ljrf/ n]vs
    ] f] xf] ls eGg]h:tf]
    nfUof] xfdLnfO{ .
    t/, @)#^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngkl5
    g]kfn u'Ktr/ ljefusf] ;"rgf ;+oGqdf
    s]xL sdL x'g uPsf], To; ;+:yfsf
    Odfgbf/ sd{7, b]zeQm, /fi6jfbL,
    l;kfxLdf dx;'; ug{ yfn] . t/, klg
    ;f] a]nf;Ddsf] ;+:yf cToGt g}
    k|efjzfnL lyof] .
    @)^ ;fnkl5 t of] ;+:yfsf] ;"rgf
    ;+oGq g} Kof/f]nfOh h:tf] x'g uof] .
    lsgeGbf ;+:yfsf] cfdfa'af g} gePsf]
    6'x/' f] x'g uof] of] ;+:yf . To;a]nfsf]
    /fhg}lts kf6L{xn] of] ;+:yfnfO{
    a]jf:tf u/L sfd} gnfUg] ;+:yfh:tf]
    u/L 8l:ag df kmfn] . To:tf lj1x
    ePsf kf6L{sf g]tf tyf /fhg]tfxn]

    w|'jnfn >]i7, jl/i7 ;'/Iffljb\

    klg o;sf] dxTjnfO{ hfGbfhfGb} klg


    cgle1h:tf] u/]/ a;] . h;sf] kl/0ffd
    cfh of] /fhg}lts kf6L{xn] ef]gk' of] .
    ;f] a]nf of] ;+:yfnfO{ g]tfxn] kf6L{
    sfo{stf{ etL{sG] b| agfP, h;sf] kl/0ffd
    cfh;Dd of] b]zn] ef]Ug' kl//x]sf] 5 .
    Odfgbf/, sd{7, /fi6eQm / /fi6jfbL
    sd{rf/LxnfO{ b/afl/ofsf] gh/n] x]/L
    Odfgbf/ sd{rf/LxnfO{ kl5 kf/L,
    gftfjfb, s[kfjfb, kml/ofjfbsf] gftftkm{

    ;+;b\sf] /fHoJoj:yf ;ldlt a}7sdf


    dfcf]jfb ;ef;b\ kDkmf e';fnn] /fli6o
    cg';Gwfg ljefu k|efjsf/L gx'bF f
    d'ns
    ' n] ;'/Iff r'gf}tL ;fdgf ug{ ;s]sf]
    5}g eGg] s'/f tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL
    emngfy vgfn;d]tsf] pkl:yltdf
    eg]sf lyP eGg] s'/f] a'lemof] . ;fy}
    o;nfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] dftxtdf
    n}hfg'k5{ egL cfgf s'/fx /fv]sf
    klg lyP . @)^^ ;fpg !$ df klg
    tTsfnLg u[xdGqL eLd /fjnn] klg
    o:t} ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . @)$^ ;fnsf]
    kl/jt{gkl5 of] ;+:yfnfO{ alnof] /
    k|efjsf/L agfpg bh{gf}F cfof]u sfo{bn
    / ;ldltx ag] t/ ;a} ;+oGqx
    ljkmn dfq eP .
    dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn
    k|r08 k|wfgdGqL /x]sf] ;dodf sfg'g
    Joj;foL o'j/fh ;+uf| n
    } f ;+of]hs /x]sf]
    ;'/Iff lgsfo cfw'lgsLs/0f pRr:t/Lo
    sfo{bn u7g ePsf] lyof], h;n] /fli6o

    ef/tLo ;/sf/n] kmf]6f] lvRg k|ltaGw nufpFbf klg /fli6o cg';Gwfg


    ljefusf sd{rf/Ln] !(&& cS6f]a/ #! sf lbg lbNnLaf6 k6gf
    ljdfg:yndf aLkL sf]O/fnf cf]nb+{ fsf] lvlrPsf] tl:j/ .
    ufe]/, cIfd, rf]/ km6fxf / g]tfxsf] cg';Gwfg ljefunfO{ /fli6o OG6]lnh]G;
    rfs8Ldf nfUg]xnfO{ dfq k|>o lbg] Ao'/f] agfpg] / ljefunfO{ k|wfgdGqL
    k/Dk/f a9\g uO{ g]kfn u'Ktr/ sfof{nosf] dftxtdf n}hfg'kg]{ ;'emfj
    ljefusf] dxTjnfO{ dxTjxLg u/L laufb}{ lbPsf] lyof] / o;afx]s, o;cl3 egf{
    nu] . of] ug'{ / u/fpgdf k|d'v ePsf kf6L{sf sfo{stf{sf] ;d"xnfO{
    ltt/ljt/ ug'k{ g]{ tyf ljefuleqs}
    /fhgLlts kf6L{sf cu'jfxs} k|dv
    '
    xft lyof] . lj= ;+= @))* b]lv @)#^ of]Uo / Odfgbf/ JolQmxsf] ;fgf] o'lg6
    ;fn;Dd of] ;+:yfsf] gfd /fli6o agfP/ cl3 a9fpg'kg]{ ;'emfj lbFbflbFb}
    OG6]lnh]G; Ao'/f] lyof] . @)#^ ;fnkl5 tTsfnLg cIfd u[xdGqL / u[x;lrjsf
    of] ;+:yfsf] gfd kl/jt{g u/L hg;Dks{ sf/0fn] tTsfnLg of]Uo / Odfgbf/
    k|wfg sfof{no agfOof] . @)$^ JolQmxnfO{ cfgf] pd]/;Dd sfd ug{
    ;fnkl5 /fli6o cg';Gwfg ljefu glbO{ lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg u/L #) jif]{
    agfOof] . o;/L of] ;+:yfdf qmdzM nufO{ cjsfz lbg] sfo{ tTsfnLg
    ljs[ltx km}nfOP . of] x'g' / ug{ / ;/sf/n] cfgf] cof]Uotfsf] k|df0f b]vfO{
    u/fpgdf xfd|f ;+:yfsf k|dv
    ' xs} xft of]Uo / Odfgbf/ /fi6;j] sxnfO{
    /x] . s]jn cfgf] s';L{ hf]ufpg] / deGbf cjsfz lbP .
    c? /fd|} eP klg Tof] JolQm, cl3 ga9"g\
    o;/L cfh;Ddsf] ;/sf/n] o;
    eGg] dgl:ylt af]s/] lxF8s
    ] fxs} uNtLn] ;+:yfk|lt cfgf] b[li6sf]0f /fv]sf] b]Vbf
    ubf{ of] ;+:yf cfh;Dd lg:kmn x'g b]zeQm / /fi6jfbL /fi6;j] sxn] x]g{'
    uPsf] eGbf cTo'lQm gxf]nf .
    / o:tf] cj:yf ef]Ug'k/]sf] 5 . pRr
    of] ;+:yfnfO{ clxn]s} l:yltdf txdf a:g] g]tf tyf ;/sf/df cf;Lg
    k'ofpg]xdf tTsfnLg d'Vo ;lrj pRr:t/sf sd{rf/Ln] cfgf] dgkbf]{
    u[x;lrj, u[xdGqL / k|wfgdGqLxs} ub}{ hfg] / ;+:yf sfd nfu]g eGb} hfg]
    k|dv
    ' xft 5 eGbf uNtL gxf]nf . @)$^ h:tf cfcfgf 8Dk'mx ahfP/
    ;fnkl5 cyf{t\ b]zdf k|hftGqsf] k|jz
    ]
    lxF8s
    ] f] kfOG5 . ;/sf/;Fu cyf{t\ g]kfn
    ePkl5 of] ;+:yfdf sfo{/t k|dv
    ' xn] ;/sf/;Fu cfu|x ug{ rfxG5' ls @)$^
    klg k|efjsf/L ;"rgf ;+sng ug]{ / ;fnkl5 tTsfnLg ;/sf/xn] o;
    u/fpg]tkm{eGbf klg cfgf] s';L{ s;/L ;+:yfsf tTsfnLg k|dv
    ' xsf] k|nf]egdf
    hf]ufpg ;lsG5 / ;"rgf ;+oGq ;+sng k/L To; ;+:yfdf sfd u/]sf cfgf]
    ug]{ ah]6x d'Vo ;lrj, u[x;lrj, ;do cjlw x'bF fx'bF } hah{:tL lgodfjnL
    u[xdGqL / k|wfgdGqLnufot ltgsf ;+zf]wg u/L cjsfz lbPsf b]zeQm,
    cf;]kf;]xdf vr{ u/L ;"rgf ;+sng of]Uo / Odfgbf/ cjsfz k|fKt ;+:yf
    ug]{ sfd lg:kmn ug]t{ km{ cfgf] ;Dk"0f{ JolQmxsf] ;d"xnfO{ ;+sng u/L ;'?df
    ;dox vr{ u/] / To;}sf] kl/0ffd xf] ;fg} o'lg6sf] kaf6 ltgLxnfO{ dfq
    of] . of] sfo{ cfh;Dd To:t} eO/x]sf] ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"s} dftxtdf
    5 eGbf unt gxf]nf . cfhsf] ;/sf/ /fv Pp6f 5' } ;Ifd b] z L /
    klg log} ;+oGqsf] l;sf/df kmF;s
    ] f] ljb]zLxsf] rnv]n /f]Sg Pp6f 5'}
    dx;' ; x' g uPsf] 5 . c;kmn hf;';L ;+:yfsf] OsfO{ :yfkgfdf hf]8
    36gfxnfO{ sf]6o\ fpg'eGbf ca b]zdf lbg] xf] eg] / To;sf] nflu 5'} ah]6sf]
    zflGt;'/Iff sfod ug{ s]s:tf] Joj:yf u/L To;n] lbPsf] ;xL ;"rgf
    ;+oGqx agfpg] / b]z leq / b]z / ;'emfjnfO{ ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"n]
    aflx/af6 rnv]n ug]{ ;+3;+:yfxnfO{ sfof{Gjog ub}{ n}hfg] xf] eg] To:tf
    lgoGq0f ug{ s]s:tf sbdx rfNbf b] z eQm, Odfgbf/ / of] o
    b]zdf cdgrog sfod x'g;S5 /fi6;j] sxsf] /fd|f] ;d"xn] of] b]zdf
    eGg] t km{ clxn] s f cyf{ t \ g] k fn xfn /x]sf] ljBdfg cj:yfnfO{ ;'wf/
    ;/sf/f/f s:tf] sbdx rfNg'kb{5 u/L b]zsf zflGt;'/Iffdf 7"nf] of]ubfg
    eGg]tkm{ ;a}sf] Wofg hfg' pko'Qm x'g5] . lbg ;Sg] Ifdtf cem} /x]sf] kfpg
    tTsfnLg !) r}t @)^& df Joj:yflksf ;lsG5 . ;/sf/n] Tof] o'lg6 agfP/

    n}hfg] cfF6 / ltgLxnfO{ kTofpg


    h?/L 5 . of] gjul7t ;+:yfnfO{ b]z
    leq / aflx/sf] ;a} sfd ug{ lbg'kb{5
    / xfn /x]sf] /fli6o cg';GwfgnfO{
    u[xdGqfnocGtu{t g} 5f8L lbg] / of]
    ;+:yfnfO{ klg k|ToIf / ck|ToIfkdf
    k|wfgdGqLs} dftxtdf /flv/fVg] /
    gjul7t o'l6g k|wfgdGqLs} dftxtdf
    /x]sf] ;+:yfsf] lgb]z
    { gcg'k sfd ug]{
    u/fpg] lsl;daf6 ;~rfng ug]{ u/L
    ;+:yf u7g ug{ cfjZos /x]sf] 5 .
    k|wfgdGqLsf] dftxtdf ul7t
    cjsfz k|fKt Odfgbf/ of]Uo b]zeQm
    / /fi6;]jsxsf] o'lg6dWo]af6}
    To;cGtu{t g} /xg] u/L Pp6f 5'}
    o'l6g af]8/{ OG6]lnh]G;sf] zfvf u7g
    ug'{ klg cfjZos x'G5 . o;/L
    ;docg';f/ cyf{t\ o;} o'lg6dfkm{t\
    ;dosf] dfucg';f/sf] zfvfx u7g
    u/L n}hfg] / logLxs} ;"rgf ;+oGqsf]
    cfwf/df k|x/L, ;z:qnufot cflb
    ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ kl/rfng ul/g'kb{5 .
    ;"rgf eg]sf] !)) k|ltzt g} ;xL
    x'G5 eGg] xf]Og . To;nfO{ klg e]l/kmfO{
    u/L ;'/Iff lgsfosf] kl/rfng ug'k{ g]{
    x' G 5 . To:tf ;" r gfdf ;' / Iff
    lgsfo;Fu;Fu} u'Ktr/ Ph]G;Lxsf]
    sd{rf/LxnfO{ n}hfg x'bF g} . u'Ktr/
    ;+:yfsf] sfd ;xL ;"rgf lbg] xf] /
    To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfd ;/sf/
    / ;'/Iff lgsfosf] xf] . of] cy{df ;'/Iff
    lgsfoxn] ;dGjo u/L ;a}n] cf
    cfgf] bfloTj lgjf{x ug]{ xf] eg] b]zdf
    zflGt;'/Iff / cdgrog sfo{ ug{
    ufx|f] x'bF g} . t/, b]zdf bl/nf] sfg'g
    Joj:yfsf] vfFrf] 5 . Tof] sfg'g
    Joj:yfleq /fi6klt, k|wfgdGqLb]lv
    /fhf / /+s ;a}nfO{ Psgfzn] lnP/
    hfg'kb{5 . sfg'geGbf 7"nf sf]xL
    gxf];\ . clg dfq u'Ktr/ n] lbPsf]
    ;xL ;"rgfsf] dxTj x'G5 cGoyf s]xL
    x'g ;Sb}g cGoyf ;b}j ;/sf/n]
    u'Ktr/ ;+:yfnfO{ dfq bf]if lbg] sfd
    dfq x'g5
    ] . ;fy} xfd|f a"9fkfsfxn]
    eg]h:t} cfgf] lhpdf e};
    F L lxF8s
    ] f
    gb]Vg]n] c?sf] lhpdf h'df| lxF8s
    ] f]
    b]Vg] eg]h:t} g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfd
    x'g5
    ] . pbfx/0fsf] nflu o;} ;+:yfdf
    sfd ug]{ Ps of]Uo / Odfgbf/ ;P;kL
    ;xcg';Gwfg lgb]{zsn] dfcf]jfbL
    cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn bfxfn
    k|wfgdGqL /x]sf] ;dodf o;} ;+:yfsf]
    ;xcg';Gwfg lgb]{zss} ;"rgfsf]
    cfwf/df Ko"7fgsf] k|x/L rf}sLsf]
    xftxltof/ n'6g\ ] n'6/] f ;d"xnfO{ kqmfp
    ug{ ;kmn ePsf] k|df0f tTsfnLg
    dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn
    k|r08 k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ;d]t yfxf
    ePs} s' / f xf] . To;a] n f klg
    ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfn
    k|r08 n] of] 36gf klg ;'/Iff lgsfon]
    kQf nfpg ;kmn x'g ;Sb}g egL pxfFn]
    eGg'ePsf] lyof] . t/, o;} ;+:yfsf]
    ;" r gfsf] cfwf/df ltgLxnfO{
    lx/f;tdf lng ;'/Iff lgsfo ;kmn
    /x]sf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf dfcf]jfbL
    kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o lxtdfg zfSonfO{
    klg o;af/] /fd|/L g} cjut ePsf
    s'/fx x'g\ . t/, To;/L lhpHofg
    nufP/ sfd ug]{ tTsfnLg P;P;kL
    ;xcg';Gwfg lgb]z
    { snfO{ tTsfnLg
    dfcf]jfbL ;/sf/n] k'/:sf/ lbg'sf]
    ;f6f] pd]/sf] xb x'bF fx'bF } klg To:tf
    /fi6;]jsnfO{ lgod ;+zf]wg u/L
    cjsfz lbgaf6 kl5 x6]g eg]
    ;/sf/n] cfgf] x}l;ot cfkm}Fn]
    b]vfpg]h:tf sfd ug{ tTsfnLg
    ;/sf/x slxNo} r'sg] g\ . xfd|f] b]zsf]
    ;/sf/ o:tf] 5 . l5d]sL /fi6sf]
    ;/sf/ eg] jL/Tjsf] sfd u/]sf]
    afktdf cjsfz k|fKt jL/of]4fxnfO{
    k'gM ;]jfdf /fvL jL/ /fi6;j] sxsf]
    sb/ ug{ kl5 x6]g .
    To;sf/0f sfg'g g} gePsf] b]z,
    of]Uo / Odfgbf/ g]tf tyf /fhg]tfx
    gePkl5 c?nfO{ dfq bf]if lbg] g]tf /
    ;/sf/ /x];Dd b]zdf zflGt / ;'zf;gsf]
    cfz ug'{ g} a]sf/ x'g] b]lvG5 .
    To;sf/0fdfly pNn]lvt pvfgnfO{ g]kfn
    ;/sf/n] klxnf rl/tfy{ u/L b]vfpg'df
    g} pxfFxsf] pknlAw x'g] 7fGb5' .

    k|sfzs tyf ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M afuahf/, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
    E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.chhepyastraweekly.wordpress.com sDKo'6/ tyf d'bs
    | M lwDn] ckm;]6 k|;
    ] , b]jLgu/, cgfdgu/k5fl8

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