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4/2

By symmetry, Ay = Cy = 1000 lb

Joint A:

= tan 1

7 = 30.3 12

F y = 0 : AD sin 30.3 + 1000 = 0, AD = 1985 lb (C ) Fx = 0 : AD cos 30.3 + AB = 0, AB = 1714 lb T

By symmetry: CD = AC = 1985 lb C BC = AB = 1714 lb T By inspection of joint B, BD is a zero-force member.

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4/3
We can begin at joint D without finding the external reactions. Joint D:

F y = 0 : CD sin 45 3000 = 0, CD = 4240 N T Fx = 0 : AD CD cos 45 = 0, AD = 3000 N C

Joint C:
Fy = 0 : AC sin 45 4240 sin 45 = 0, AC = 4240 N C Fx = 0 : BC + 2(4240 cos 45) = 0, BC = 6000 N T

Joint B:

From equilibrium of entire truss


From Fy = 0, AB = 3000 N T

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4/4
We can begin at joint C without finding the external reactions. Joint C:
F y = 0 : BC sin 45 5000 = 0, BC = 7070 N C Fx = 0 : 7070 cos 45 CD = 0, CD = 5000 N T

Joint D:

DB = 5 2 + 6 2 2(5)(6) cos 45, DB = 4.31 m

sin sin 45 = = 55.1 5 4.31


Fx = 0 : 5000 + BD cos 55.1 AD cos 45 = 0 F y = 0 : AD sin 45 BD sin 55.1 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain:

BD = 3590 N or 3590 N C AD = 4170 N T

Joint B:
F x = 0 : 3590 cos 55.1 7070 cos 45 AB = 0 AB = 2950 N or 2950 N C

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4/8
As a whole: Fx = 0 Ax = 0

Ay = E = 60 kN by Fy = 0 and symmetry.
Joint A:

( = tan (4 / 5) = 38.7)
1

Fy = 0 : 60 AB sin = 0, AB = 96.0 kN C Fx = 0 : AH 96.0 cos , AH = 75 kN T


Joint B:

Fx = 0 : BC + 96.0 sin 51.3 = 0, BC = 75 kN (C ) Fy = 0 : BH + 96.0 cos 51.3 = 0, BH = 60 kN T


Joint H:

Fy = 0 : CH sin + 30 = 0, CH = 48.0 kN C Fx = 0 : 48.0 cos + GH 75 = 0, GH = 112.5 kN T

Joint G:

Fy = 0 CG = 60 kN T
By symmetry: FG = 112.5 kN T, CF = 48.0 kN C CD = 75 kN C, DF = 60 kN T EF = 75 kN T, DE = 96.0 kN C

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4/9
Joint C:

= tan 1

4 = 38.7 5

Fx = 0 : 5 sin 15 + AC sin 38.7 = 0, AC = 2.07 kN C F y = 0 : BC 5 cos 15 2.07 cos 38.7 = 0, BC = 6.45 kN T

Joint B:

= tan 1

2 = 26.6 4

Fy = 0 : AB sin 26.6 6.45 = 0, AB = 14.42 kN T Fx = 0 : 14.42 cos 26.6 + BD = 0, BD = 12.89 kN C

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4/10
As a whole:
Note : CE = 1.5 m by similar triangles M A = 0 : 5(3 cos 45) + 3(3 + 1.5 cos 45) 6 Dy = 0 Dy = 3.80 kN

Joint D:

= tan 1

3 sin 45 = 28.7 6 3 cos 45

F y = 0 : 3.80 CD sin 28.7 = 0, CD = 7.92 kN C Fx = 0 : 7.92 cos 28.7 DE = 0, DE = 6.94 kN T

Joint C:
Fx = 0 : BC cos 28.7 CE cos 45 7.92 cos 28.7 = 0 Fy = 0 : BC sin 28.7 CE sin 45 + 7.92 sin 28.7 3 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain:

BC = 5.70 kN (C ) CE = 2.74 kN (C )

Joint E:
=
180 45 = 67 .5 2

F y = 0 : BE sin 67.5 2.74 sin 45 = 0 BE = 2.10 kN T

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4/13 US

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4/15
By symmetry, Ay = Fy = 4 kN

Joint A:

= cos 1

1 = 60 2

F y = 0 : 4 kN AB sin 60 = 0, AB = 4.62 kN C Fx = 0 : AG 4.62 cos 60 = 0, AG = 2.31 kN T

Joint G:

= tan 1

Fy = 0 : 2 BG sin 40.9 2 = 0, BG = 1.528 kN T

2 sin 60 = 40.9 2

Joint B:
F y = 0 : 4.62 sin 60 BC sin 60 1.528 sin 40.9 = 0 BC = 3.46 kN C

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4/22
Joint E:
180 30 = 75 2

F y = 0 : EF sin 75 L = 0, EF = 1.035L T Fx = 0 : 1.035L cos 75 + ED = 0, ED = 0.268L T

Joint D:
DF = R 2 + 4 R 2 2( R)(2 R) cos 30, DF = 1.239 R sin 30 sin = , = 23.8 R 1.239 R
Fx = 0 : 0.268L DF cos 23.8 CD cos 75 = 0 Fy = 0 : L + DF sin 23.8 + CD sin 75 = 0
2

Solve simultaneously to obtain: CD = 1.313 L T , DF = 0.664 L C Joint C:


Fx = 0 : BC cos 45 CF cos 30 + 1.313L cos 75 = 0 Fy = 0 : BC sin 45 CF sin 30 1.313L sin 75 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain: CF = 0.674 L (C ) Joint F:

= 30 + 23.8 + 30 = 83.8

Fx = 0 : FG cos 45 + BF cos + EF cos 75 + CF cos 30 + DF cos = 0 Fy = 0 : FG sin 45 + BF sin EF sin 75 + CF sin 30 DF sin = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain: BF = 1.814 L T

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4/25
Location of C: xc = 4 2 y c
AC = (4 + x c ) 2 + (4 y c ) 2 x c = (4 AC cos 25), y c = 4 AC sin 25
2

Solve to obtain AC = 1.815 ft Joint B:


1.815 sin 25 = 18.04 4 1.815 cos 25

= tan 1

F y = 0 : CB sin 18.04 500 = 0, CB = 1615 lb C Fx = 0 : 1615 cos 18.04 AB = 0, AB = 1535 lb T

Joint C:

180 40 = 70, = 25 = 45 2

Fy = 0 : AC sin 25 CD sin 45 1615 sin 18.04 = 0 Fx = 0 : AC cos 25 CD cos 45 1615 cos 18.04 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain: AC = 779 lb or 779 lb C By symmetry across a line from the origin to point A, AD = AC = 779 lb C

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4/28
By symmetry, Ay = Iy = 5/2L, Ax = 0 By inspection of point A , AN = 0 Coordinate origin is at the center of the two concentric arcs. Location of N: x + y = 16
2 2 2

For xN = -8 m: yN2 = -82 + 162 yN = 13.86 m N = (-8, 13.86) m Location of A: yA 2= -122 + 162, yA = 10.58 m, A = (-12, 10.58) m Location of B: yB 2 = -122 + 182 =, yB = 13.42 m, B = (-12, 13.41) m Location of C: yC 2 = -82 + 182 =, yC = 16.12 m, C = (-8, 16.12) m Location of D: yD 2 = -42 + 182 =, yD = 17.55 m, C = (-4, 17.55) m Location of M: yM 2 = -42 + 162 =, yM = 15.49 m, C = (-4, 15.49) m
Joint B:
13.86 13.42 = 6.28 8 + 12 16.12 13.42 = tan 1 = 34.1 8 + 12 Fx = 0 : BC cos 34.1 + BN cos 6.28 = 0 F y = 0 : (5 / 2) L + BC sin 34.1 + BN sin 6.28 = 0

= tan 1

Solve simultaneously to obtain: BN = 4.44 L T , BC = 5.32 L (C ) Joint N:


15.49 13.86 = 22.2 4+8

= tan 1

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Fx = 0 : 4.44 L cos 6.28 + NM cos 22.2 = 0, NM = 4.76 L T Fy = 0 : 4.44 L sin 6.28 + 4.76 sin 22.2 + CN L = 0, CN = 0.318L C

Joint C:

= tan 1

17.55 16.12 = 19.61 4+8 16.12 15.49 = tan 1 = 8.99 84

Fx = 0 : 5.32 L cos 34.1 + CD cos 19.61 + CM cos 8.99 = 0 Fy = 0 : 5.32 L sin 34.1 + 0.318L + CD sin 19.61 CM sin 8.99 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain: CM = 3.41L T

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4/30

= tan 1

1.5 = 36.9 2

M G = 0 : 800(4) + 600(6) AE cos 36.9(1.5) AE sin 36.9(6) = 0 AE = 1417 lb T

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4/31

M F = 0 : BC (3 sin 60) 5(0.5) 4(2.5) = 0, BC = 4.81 kips T

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4/34

= tan 1

4 d tan 20 6 = 55.5 d 6

d d M D = 0 : L BE (sin 55.5) = 0 3 2 BE = 0.809 L T

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4/43

By symmetry, Ay = Iy = 3L Fx = 0 : Ax = 0

= tan 1

6 + 16 tan 30 24 tan 25 = 26.8 8

M L = 0 : L (8) + L (16) + DE = 4.80 L or 4.80 L C

L ( 24) 3L (24) DE (24 tan 30 24 tan 25 + 6) sin 60 = 0 2

Fx = 0 : 4.80L cos 30 + DL cos 26.8 + LM cos 25 = 0 L Fy = 0 : 4.80L sin 30 DL sin 26.8 + LM sin 25 + 3L 2L 2 Solve simultaneously to obtain: DL = 0.0446L T , LM = 4.54 L T

Joint E:
Fy = 0 : 2(4.80 L sin 30) L EL = 0 EL = 3.80 L T

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4/44

By symmetry, Ay = Gy = 3L Fx = 0 : Ax = 0

Fy = 0 : 3L 2 L

L 3.5 DQ sin tan 1 = 0, DQ = 0.576 L T 2 2

By inspection: CQ = 0

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4/47

By symmetry, Ay = Gy = 3L

Fx = 0 : Ax = 0

= tan 1
M J = 0 :

1 4 = 9.46, = tan 1 = 33.7 6 6


L (9) + L(6) + L(3) 3L(9) CD (5)[sin (90 9.46)] = 0 2 CD = 2.74 L (C )

Fy = 0 : 3L + CD sin 9.46

L 2 L JM sin 33.7 = 0, JM = 0.0901L T 2

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4/49

By symmetry, Ay = Hy = 3L Fx = 0 : Ax = 0

Origin at center of arc

Location of I: yI2 = 252 92, B = (9, 23.3) m Location of J: yJ2 = 252 62, J = (6, 24.3) m Location of G: yG = yI + 6, G = (6, 29.3) m Location of K: yK2 = 252 32, K = (3, 24.8) m
= tan 1
29.3 24.8 24.8 24.3 = 56.3, = tan 1 = 10.39 3 3

M K = 0 : 3L(6)

L (6) + FG( y G y K ) L(3) = 0, FG = 2.66 L (C ) 2 Fx = 0 : 2.66 L GK cos 56.3 JK cos 10.39 = 0 3 F y = 0 : 2 L + JK sin 10.39 GK sin 56.3

Solve simultaneously to obtain: GK = 2.13L T

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4/50

By symmetry, Ay = Hy = 3L Fx = 0 : Ax = 0

Origin at center of arc

Location of B: yB2 = 302 (-15)2, B = (-15, 26.0) m Location of A: yA = yB 6, A = (-18, 20.0) m Location of C: yC2 = 302 (-9)2, C = (-9, 28.6) m Location of M: yM = yA, M = (-9, 20.0) m Location of D: yD2 = 302 (-3)2, D = (-3, 29.8) m Location of L: yL = yA, L = (-3, 20.0) m
= tan 1
29.8 28.6 28.6 20.0 = 11.60, = tan 1 = 55.2 6 6

M L = 0 : 3L(15) + L(6) + L(12) CD(29.8 20.0) sin(90 11.60) = 0 CD = 2.79 L or CD = 2.79 L C

F y = 0 : 3L L L 2.79 L sin 11.60 CL sin 55.2 = 0, CL = 0.534 L T

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4/52

4/53
F y = 0 : 2T sin 60 1000 (9.81) = 0, T = 5660 N

From Fx = 0 , Ax + Bx = 0

C = (0, 2.25) m L = (0, 4.5) m H = (6cos15, 4.5 + 6sin15) = (5.80, 6.05) m G = (6cos15 + 1cos75, 4.5 + 6sin15 - 1sin75) = (6.05, 5.09) m
= tan 1
5.09 2.25 = 25.1 6.05 1.5 FG = EF = DE = = 1.524 m cos(25.1 15)

E = (6cos15 + 1cos75-2(1.524cos25.1), 4.5 + 6sin15 - 1sin75 2(1.524sin25.1)) = (3.30, 3.79) m


M B = 0 : Ay (3) T sin 60(3.30) T cos 60(3.79) T sin 60(6.05) + T cos 60(5.09) = 0 Ay = 14 070 N

Fy = 0 : 14 070 + B y 1000(9.81) = 0, B y = 23 900 N

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= tan 1

1.5 cos15 = 28.8 2.25 + 1.5 sin 15

M C = 0 : 14 070 (3) LK ( 2.25)(sin 75) = 0, LK = 19 420 N


Fx = 0 : 19 420 cos15 + CKsin28.8 + CD cos 25.1 = 0 F y = 0 : 14 070 + 23 900 + 19 420 sin 15 + CK cos 28.8 + CD sin 25.1 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain: CK = 9290 N or CK = 9290 N C

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4/124

As a whole: By symmetry, Ay = Ey = 7.5 kips


Fx = 0 : Ax = 0

Joint A:

= tan 1

10 = 33.7 15

Fx = 0 : 13.52 cos 33.7 + AF = 0, AF = 11.25 kips T Fy = 0 : AB sin 33.7 + 7.5 = 0, AB = 13.52 kips C

Joint B:
Fx = 0 : (13.52 BC BF ) cos = 0 F y = 0 : (13.52 BC = BF ) sin 5 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain: BC = 9.01 kips C, BF = 4.51 kips C Joint F: By symmetry, EF = AF = 11.25 kips T & DF = BF = 4.51 kips C
Fy = 0 : CF 2(4.51) sin 33.7 = 0, CF = 5 kips T

By symmetry, CD = 9.01 kips C, DE = 13.52 kips C, DF = 4.51 kips C

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4/130
By symmetry, Ay = Gy = 6 kN Fx = 0 : Ax = 0

= 45, = tan 1
AC =

0.5 = 18.43 1.5

3 2

M I = 0 : 6(3) 1.5(3) 3(4.5) CH (2 AC ) = 0, CH = 0


Fy = 0 : 6 + CD sin 18.43 1.5 3 = 0, CD = 4.74 kN or 4.74 kN C
Fx = 0 : 4.74 cos 18.43 + AH = 0, AH = 4.5 kN T

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4/132

By symmetry, Ay = Ey = 4 kN

Joint A:
= tan 1
3 3 = 40.6, = tan 1 = 80.5 3.5 0.5

Fx = 0 : AB cos 80.5 + AF cos 40.6 + 4 = 0 Fy = 0 : AB sin 80.5 + AF sin 40.6 = 0

Solve to obtain: AB = 4.73 kN or 4.73 kN C Joint C: By symmetry, BC = CD


Fy = 0 : 2 BC sin 45 8 = 0, BC = 5.66 kN C

Joint B:
Fy = 0 : 4.73 sin 80.5 BF sin 40.6 5.66 sin 45 = 0

BF = 1.024 kN T

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4/136
We can begin at joint E without finding the external reactions. Joint E:

= tan 1

24 24 sin 60 = 15 24 sin 30

F y = 0 : 2( EM sin 15) L = 0, EM = 1.932 L C Fx = 0 : 1.932 L cos 15 DE = 0, DE = 1.366 L C

Joint M:

= tan 1

24 sin 60 24 sin 45 = 37.5 24 cos 45 24 cos 60

= tan 1

24 24 sin 60 = 32.9 24 cos 45 24 cos 60

Fx = 0 : DM cos 32.9 MN cos 37.5 1.932 L cos 15 = 0 F y = 0 : DM sin 32.9 MN sin 37.5 1.932 sin 15 = 0

Solve simultaneously to obtain: DM = 0.785 L C Joint D:


F y = 0 : 0.785 L sin 32.9 L DN = 0 DN = 0.574 L C

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