OBSTETRICS/ GYNECOLOGY ASHERMAN:

Acquired Anomaly
MNEMONICS Secondary to Surgery
Hysterosalpingography confirms diagnosis
Endometrial damage/ Eugonadotropic
Post-partum examination simplified checklist
Repeated uterine trauma
Missed Menses
BUBBLES:
Adhesions
Breast
Normal estrogen and progesterone
Uterus
Bowel
Bladder
Lochia
Episotomy
Surgical site (for Cesarean section) CVS and amniocentesis: when performed

"Chorionic" has 9 letters and Chorionic villus sampling performed at 9

weeks gestation.
Miscarriage: recurrent miscarriage causes "AlphaFetoProtein" has 16 letters and it's measured at 16 weeks gestation.

RIBCAGE:
Radiation
Immune reaction Shoulder dystocia: management
Bugs (infection)
Cervical incompetence HELPER:
Anatomical anomaly (uterine septum etc.) Call for Help
Genetic (aneuploidy, balanced translocation etc.) Episiotomy
Endocrine Legs up [McRoberts position]
Pressure subrapubically [not on fundus]
Enter vagina for shoulder rotation
Reach for posterior shoulder and deliver posterior shoulder/ Return head
Forceps: indications for use into vagina [Zavanelli maneuver] for C-section/ Rupture clavicle or pubic
symphisis
FORCEPS:
Fully dilated cervix
0 ["Zero"] CPD
Ruptured membranes Oral contraceptive complications: warning signs
Cephalic or at least deliverable presentation/ Contracting uterus
Episiotomy done/ Epidural done ACHES:
P!ss and S#!t (bladder and bowel empty) Abdominal pain
Chest pain
Headache (severe)
Eye (blurred vision)
Oral contraceptives: side effects Sharp leg pain

CONTRACEPTIVES:
Cholestatic jaundice
Oedema (corneal) Alpha-fetoprotein: causes for increased maternal serum AFP during
Nasal congestion pregnancy
Thyroid dysfunction
Raised BP "Increased Maternal Serum Alpha Feto Protein":
Acne/ Alopecia/ Anaemia Intestinal obstruction
Cerebrovascular disease Multiple gestation/ Miscalculation of gestational age/ Myeloschisis
Elevated blood sugar Spina bifida cystica
Porphyria/ Pigmentation/ Pancreatitis Anencephaly/ Abdominal wall defect
Thromboembolism Fetal death
Intracranial hypertension Placental abruption
Vomiting (progesterone only)
Erythema nodosum/ Extrapyramidal effects
Sensitivity to light Early cord clamping: indications

RAPID CS:
Post-partum haemorrhage (PPH): causes Rh incompatibility
Asphyxia
4 'T's: Premature delivery
Tissue (retained placenta) Infections
Tone (uterine atony) Diabetic mother
Trauma (traumatic delivery, episiotomy) CS (caesarian section) previously, so the funda is RAPID CS
Thrombin (coagulation disorders, DIC)

Gestation period, oocytes, vaginal pH, menstrual cycle: normal

Asherman syndrome features numbers

4 is the normal pH of the vagina.

40 weeks is the normal gestation period.
400 oocytes released between menarche and menopause.
400,000 oocytes present at puberty.
28 days in a normal menstrual cycle.
280 days (from last normal menstrual period) in a normal gestation period.
Multiple pregnancy complications Secondary amenorrhea: causes

HI, PAPA: SOAP:

Hydramnios (Poly) Stress
IUGR OCP
Preterm labour Anorexia
Antepartum haemorrhage Pregnancy
Pre-eclampsia
Abortion
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): complications

I FACE PID:
Infertility
Fitz-Hugh-Curitis syndrome
Abscesses
Chronic pelvic pain
Ectopic pregnancy
Peritonitis
Intestinal obstruction
Postpartum collapse: causes Disseminated: sepsis, endocarditis, arthritis, meninigitis

HEPARINS:
Hemorrhage
Eclampsia
Pulmonary embolism
Amniotic fluid embolism
Regional anaethetic complications APGAR score components
Infarction (MI)
Neurogenic shock SHIRT:
Septic shock Skin color: blue or pink
Heart rate: below 100 or over 100
Irritability (response to stimulation): none, grimace or cry
Prenatal care questions Respirations: irregular or good
Tone (muscle): some flexion or active
ABCDE:
Amniotic fluid leakage?
Bleeding vaginally? Fetus: cardinal movements of fetus
Contractions?
Dysuria? "Don't Forget I Enjoy Really Expensive Equipment":
Edema? Descent
Fetal movement? Flexion
Interal rotation
Extension
Abdominal pain: causes during pregnancy Restitution
External rotation
LARA CROFT: Expulsion
Labour
Abruption of placenta
Rupture (eg. ectopic/ uterus) IUGR: causes
Abortion
Cholestasis IUGR:
Rectus sheath haematoma Inherited: chromosomal and genetic disorders
Ovarian tumour Uterus: placental insufficency
Fibroids General: maternal malnutrition, smoking
Torsion of uterus Rubella and other congenital infecton

Preeclampsia: classic triad Vaginal pH

PREeclampsia: Vagina has 4 labia and normal pH of vagina is about 4.

Proteinuria
Rising blood pressure
Edema
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): causes, effects

"PID CAN be EPIC":

Forceps: indications for delivery · Causes:
Chlamydia trachomatis
FORCEPS: Actinomycetes
Foetus alive Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Os dilated · Effects:
Ruptured membrane Ectopic
Cervix taken up Pregnancy
Engagement of head Infertility
Presentation suitable Chronic pain
Sagittal suture in AP diameter of inlet
Delivery: instrumental delivery prerequisites PAINS:
Period that is late
AABBCCDDEE: Abdominal cramps
Analgesia Increase in body temperature
Antisepsis Noticeable vaginal discharge
Bowel empty Spotting
Bladder empty
Cephalic presentation
Consent
Alpha-fetoprotein: some major causes for increased maternal serum
Dilated cervix
AFP during pregnancy
Disproportion (no CPD)
Engaged
TOLD:
Episiotomy
Testicular tumours
Obituary (fetal death)
Liver: hepatomas
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB): 3 major causes Defects (neural tube defects)

DUB:
Don't ovulate (anovulation: 90% of cases)
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): first line treatment
Unusual corpus leuteum activity (prolonged or insufficient)
Birth control pills (since increases progesterone-estrogen ratio)
Treat PCOS with OCP's (oral contraceptive pills).

Spontaneous abortion: definition

Female pelvis: shapes
"Spontaneous abortion" has less than 20 letters [it's exactly 19 letters].
GAP:
Spontaneous abortion is defined as delivery or loss of products of
· In order from most to least common:
conception at less than 20 weeks gestation.
Gynecoid
Android /Anthropoid
Platypelloid

B-agonist tocolytic (C/I or warning)

RLQ pain: brief female differential
ABCDE:
AEIOU: Angina (Heart disease)
Appendicitis/ Abscess BP high
Ectopic pregnancy/ Endometriosis Chorioamnionitis
Inflammatory disease (pelvic)/ IBD Diabetes
Ovarian cyst (rupture, torsion) Excessive bleeding
Uteric colic/ Urinary stones

Post-partum haemmorrage (PPH): risk factors

PARTUM: Sexual response cycle

Polyhydroamnios/ Prolonged labour/ Previous cesarian
APH/ ANTH EXPLORE:
Recent bleeding history EXcitement
Twins PLateau
Uterine fibroids Orgasmic
Multiparity REsolution

Omental caking: likeliest cause Labour: preterm labor causes

Omental CAking = Ovarian CA DISEASE:

· "Omental caking" is term for ascities, plus a fixed upper abdominal and Dehydration
pelvic mass. Almost always signifies ovarian cancer. Infection
Sex
Exercise (strenuous)
Activities
Parity abbreviations (ie: G 3, P 2012) Stress
Environmental factor (job, etc)
"To Peace And Love":
T: of Term pregnancies
P: of Premature births
A: of Abortions (spontaneous or elective) Ovarian cancer: risk factors
L: of Live births
· Describes the outcomes of the total number of pregnancies (Gravida). "Blue FILM":
Breast cancer
Family history
Infertility
IUD: side effects Low parity
Mumps
Antepartum hemorrhage (APH): major differential

APH:
Abruptio placentae
Placenta previa
Hemorrhage from the GU tract

Labour: factors which determine rate and outcome of labour

3 P's:
Power: stength of uterine contractions
Passage: size of the pelvic inlet and outlet
Passenger: the fetus--is it big, small, have anomalies, alive or dead