M

Virtualization Story

Walter Pitrof
Product Technology Specialist

Microsoft Schweiz GmbH

walter.pitrof@microsoft.com
 Agenda
 Product Overview
 Technical Overview
 Support Policies
 Virtual Server Deployment Manager
 Virtual Server Migration Tool Kit
 Host Clustering Demo
 Other small improvements
 Virtual PC vs. Virtual Server
 Licensing
 Post Virtual Server R2
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
Virtual Server 2005 R2
today
 Virtual Server 2005 R2 Product Overview

Virtual Server 2005 R2

Standard Edition
99$
Virtual Server 2005 R2
Enterprise Edition
199$
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
 Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 today

Increases operational
efficiency
 Consolidate infrastructure,
application, and branch office
server workloads
 Consolidate and re-host legacy
applications
 Simplify disaster and recovery
planning
 Automate and consolidate
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
 Virtual Server Architecture today
(Windows NT 4.0 Server)*, Windows 2000

•
Guest OS & Guest OS & Server, Windows Server 2003 and 3rd party
Applications Applications OS supported (1H CY06)
No custom drivers required

• •
Virtual Virtual Runs most x86 operating systems
• Up to 1 CPU per virtual machine
Hardware Hardware • Up to 3.6GB of memory per virtual machine

Virtual Server 2005 • Multi-threaded Virtual Machine Monitor

(VMM) provides isolation x86 and x64

• Windows Server 2003 x86 and x64

Windows Server 2003 supported host
• Broad device compatibility

Server Hardware • Optimized for 2 to 8 way servers(x86, x64)

• Scales up to 32 CPUs and up to 64GB

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Support Policies
 Virtual Server is full supported (897613, 897614)
 All server applications except for the following are
fully supported
 Speech Server
 ISA Server
 SharePoint Portal Services
 No physical server repro required
 3rd Party Virtual SW is not supported (897615)
 Applications running in non-Microsoft hardware
virtualization software are not supported
 Premier customers get commercially reasonable
effort for problem resolution
 Requires a physical machine repro

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 VHD Formats and Functionality
 Dynamically expanding virtual hard disks
 File size grows as data is added
 Fixed-size virtual hard disks
 Fixed-extent file that resides on host hard disk
 Linked virtual hard disks
 Allows conversion of a linked physical data disk to a VHD
 Differencing virtual hard disks
 Changes stored on a hierarchical “child” disk
 Specified per-VHD
 Undo disks
 Changes can be committed or discarded
 Specified per-virtual machine

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Differencing Disks
Virtual machine viewpoint: DD = single driveScenario: testing an application patch
Parent Child Child Undo

R- R+
GM SP1 SP2 SP3

R-
R+

t0 t1 t2 t3
Host viewpoint: DD = two files on filesystem R- R- R- R+

VMs can share parent drives If patch works, drives can be merged
VM1 VM2

SP2
GM + SP1
SP2 SP3 GM SP1 SP2 SP3

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Virtual Networking

 Create an unlimited number of virtual

networks with these topologies:
 Guest to network
 Guest to guest via simulated Ethernet and
Virtual DHCP
 Guest to host system via loopback adapter

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Resource Management

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Easy to Manage

 Virtual Server Administration Website

 Enables secure, authenticated administration and

client remote access.

 Microsoft integrated tools and solutions
 Active Directory integration

 MOM 2005, ADS, SMS 2003 SP1

 Physical server equivalency

 Use existing management tools

 Virtual Server Management Pack for Microsoft

Operations Manager 2005

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Management Pack for MOM 2005
Displays all hosts
including knowledge
of physical vs virtual

Generate scripts
leveraging COM API to
automate tasks

Fine grained
control over
virtual
MOM 2005 – machines
Single pane (guests)
for managing Mapping guests
physical servers to host with
to virtual visibility into
machines server health

 RTM April, 2005

 Consolidated health status and reporting
 Provides one to many monitoring and
control
 Available as a free download
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
 Virtual Server Admin Website:

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 COM API Features

 Enables complete scripted control of

virtual machine environments
 Automates deployment and operations
 Enables integration with existing IT
infrastructure
 Fully documented
 42 interfaces and hundreds of calls
 Based on COM – users can choose
between Visual Basic.NET, C#, Perl,
etc.
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
 Configuring constrained delegation (1/2)

http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=c4dcf45b-72ea-
44ed-86aa-1c389ece12f9&displaylang=en
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
 Configuring constrained delegation (2/2)

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

irtual Server Deploymen
Manager (VSDM)
 VSDM Concepts
 Based on the concept of “Templates”
 A template is a master image that will used as source
to deploy new Virtual Machines.
 Easy to create
 Three-tier abstraction for Virtual Server
 Extra layer of protection for Virtual Server
 Extra feature set available
 Business logic enforcement

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 VSDM Process

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 User Lifecycle
 Deploy new Virtual Machines
 Start, Stop, Reset Virtual Machines
 Remote Control Virtual Machines
 Modify Virtual Machine configuration
 Delete Virtual Machine
 Grant/Revoke permission to other users to
access his/her Virtual Machines
 free download VSDM 1.3.0 at
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid
=FF59C543-5107-42F6-9252-A8CDE3B53915&displaylang=en

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Virtual Server
Migration Toolkit (VSMT)
 Virtual Server Migration Toolkit
 Command line tools to help automate P2V migration
 Leverages Automated Deployment Services (ADS)
 Provides V2V functionality also
 Free download at
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver/ev
aluation/vsmt.mspx#EBD
Verify suitable Configure new
configuration, virtual machine
capture image and running NT4 and
generate task legacy
sequences to use applications
with ADS

NT 4.0 Server
W2K3 Server
w/Virtual Server & VSMT
Transform ADS image
to VHD and deploy to
new target system

W2K3 Server
with ADS 1.0 & VSMT

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 The State of 3rd party products for Virtual
Server 2005 R2

 3rd party Solutions for Virtual Server 2005 R2

divided into very concentrated focus areas:
 P2V, V2V, V2P, P2P - PlateSpin
 P2V, V2V, V2P, (P2P) - HP Systems Insight
Manager
 Virtual Machine Lifecycle Management-
LeoStream

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

Virtual Server 2005 R2
What’s new ?
 What’s new in Virtual Server 2005 R2?
 Host Clustering,
Higher availability Support for iSCSI allows clustering virtual machines across hosts and Virtual
Server host clustering allows availability for both planned and unplanned downtime using SAN,
iSCSI or direct attached storage.!!!
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=09cc042b-154f-4eba-a548-
89282d6eb1b3&displaylang=en
 Support for additional hosts and 3rd party guests (Linux)
 x64 host support
 Performance improvements
Greater performance for virtual machines running memory-intensive applications

 PXE network boot support

 Hyperthreading
 F6 Disk
 Virtual Disk Precompactor
 Open necessary ports at install time
 Reserve space for saved states

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Virtual Server 2005 R2: Overview Host Clustering

 Higher Availability
 Virtual Machine Clustering: Support for iSCSI
allows clustering virtual machines across
hosts
 Planned downtime:
Servicing the host hardware or patching the host
operating system
Virtual machine migration. Virtual machines can be
moved from one cluster node to another with
minimal downtime. (Downtime dependent on speed
of storage infrastructure)
 Less than 10 seconds to move 128 MB vm via 1GbE iSCSI
(faster on SAN)
 Unplanned downtime:
Failover to another cluster node due to hardware
failure
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
 Virtual Server 2005 R2 Host Clustering

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

Demo – Host Clustering
Other small improvement
 Performance improvements
 MSAS optimizations (multiple shadow address
spaces)
 Improved the mapping of physical memory for
guests
 Result
 One customer saw 50% drop in CPU utilization
 WebBench improvement of 15-20%
 Your mileage will vary

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Virtual disk precompactor
 Utility used zero unused space on VHDs and
prepares them for compaction
 To compact a VHD:
 Delete unnecessary files in the VM
 Defrag the drive within the VM
 Run the Precompactor Tool
 Compact the drive using the Virtual Hard Drive
Wizard.

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
 F6 Disk
 SCSI Shunt driver for OS installs into VHDs
connected via virtual SCSI bus.
 On some machines, this shunt driver will reduce
an OS install from 10 hours to 1 hour.

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 F6 Disk

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 F6 Disk

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 F6 Disk

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 F6 Disk

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Open appropriate ports at VS install

Port 135 “Remote Procedure

Call”, required for DCOM for
the VS service.

If the webapp is being installed

on a new port (as is the case
on Windows Server 2003), an
exception is registered for that
port. If the webapp is being
installed under the default port
(as on Windows XP), no
exception is registered (i.e., we
don’t open port 80 – you must
do it yourself).

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 What’s not in Virtual Server R2?
 COM API changes
 Documentation changes
 USB, MP in guest
 64-bit guests
 3-d video, etc.
 Live migration of VMs, VSS support, etc.

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Virtual PC 2004 SP1
vs.
Virtual Server 2005 R2
 Virtual PC vs. Virtual Server
 Virtual PC 2004 SP1
 Focused on a single user, local experience
 Interactive UI, single threaded, optimized for one VM
 Target markets
 Development, test, support, demo and training
 Legacy application re-hosting to unblock upgrades

 Virtual Server 2005 R2

 Focused on remote management of VM operations in a server
environment
 Provides scripting, remote administration, better scalability
 Target markets
 Legacy application re-hosting
 Selected workload consolidation
 Development and test

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Using Virtual Server and Virtual
PC 2004
Sound cards: Virtual Server does not include an emulated
sound card in its virtual machines, while Virtual PC does.

SCSI support: Virtual Server provides SCSI support while Virtual

PC does not.

CD-ROM drives: Although Virtual Server allows for virtual

machines with multiple CD-ROM drives, virtual machines created
with Virtual PC only support one CD-ROM drive.

Configuration files: The virtual machine configuration (.vmc)

files are typically compatible between Virtual Server and Virtual
PC. However, if a virtual machine is in a saved state, do not
move the .vmc file between Virtual Server and Virtual PC. The
saved-state files (.vsv files) are incompatible between the two
products.
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
Licensing
 Windows Server R2 Enterprise
Edition
Windows Server R2 Enterprise
Edition INCLUDES 4
Instances
Window Window Window Window
s s s s

Virtualization
Layer
Windows Server 2003
R2 EE
Hardware

 Current License Model : Total: 5 Windows Licenses

 New with Windows Server R2 EE: Total: 1 License

 Add an additional license and get up to 4 more guests

 Windows Server “Longhorn” Datacenter Edition will allow unlimited guests!

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Licensing by Running Instance
License by “running instances” Promotes the use of
Library with 100 7 Servers running
virtualization and a
images of images more dynamic data
Windows (1 per server)
center

Create as many
images as you would
like

Store the images

Current License model
where you need them
Total: 107 Windows
Licenses
New License rights: License the machine
 Total: 7 Windows for the instances you
Licenses use.

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

Post Virtual Server R2
Beta H1 CY2006
 Virtual Server 2005 R2 SP1: Overview
 Benefits
 Support for Intel VT and AMD Pacifica technology
 Generally, Windows performance is neutral
 We already tune and optimize for Windows
 Windows installation is faster
 Non-Windows will be much faster
 Linux
 OS/2
 Netware
 Milestones
 Beta publicly available in H1/CY06
 Beta: Greater than 6 months
 Maintain consistently high product quality

 Virtual Server 2005 R2 SP1 scheduled to ship in

Q4/CY06
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
Windows Virtualization
at
Longhorn Server wave
(Viridian)
 VMM Arrangements
Type-2 VMM Hybrid VMM Type-1 VMM
(Hypervisor &
Guest 1 Guest 2
Virtualization
Stack=VMM)
VMM Guest 1 Guest 2 Guest 1 Guest 2

Host OS Host OS VMM VMM

Hardware Hardware Hardware

Examples: Examples: Examples:

JVM Virtual PC & Virtual Windows
CLR Server Virtualization

What we have today What we’re building

for the future

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Monolithic vs. Microkernelized

 Monolithic hypervisor  Microkernelized hypervisor

 Simpler than a modern
kernel, but still complex
 Contains its own drivers
model
 Simple partitioning
functionality
 Increase reliability and
minimize TCB
 No third-party code
 Drivers run within guests

VM 1 VM 1
VM 2 VM 3 (“Parent”)
(“Admin”)
Virtual- VM 2 VM 3
ization (“Child”) (“Child”)
Stack
Drivers
Drivers Drivers
Drivers Drivers
Drivers
Hypervisor Drivers Drivers Drivers

Drivers
Drivers
Drivers Hypervisor

Hardware Hardware

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Example: AMD Pacifica

Guest OS
Guest
instructions VMCB VMRUN
run native struct
speed to CPU Physical Resources
w/ no ring
compression
Hypervisor
AMD Processor
EXCEPTION
Intercept PRIV
instruction or
register access? AMD64
Core
Device
VM Tuning:
Allow access? Exclusion
Memory
Intercept Tagged TLB, Vector
Interrupt? etc Access
Pacifica Memory Controller

External
Interrupts

Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland

 Windows Virtualization for Servers

 Some features
 32-bit and 64-bit guests
 x64-only hosts
 Guest multiprocessing
 Virtualized devices
 WMI management and control API
 Save & restore
 Snapshotting
 CPU and I/O resource controls
 Tuning for NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access)
 Dynamic resource addition & removal
 Live migration
Walter Pitrof, Microsoft Switzerland
Your
benefits:
• exclusive, special information
on Windows Vista and the 2007
Microsoft Office release
• notifications upon availability of
new beta versions of to
download or order them as soon
as possible
• product-specific bonus
material (videos, samples,
webcasts, gadgets, etc.)