—245—
iii. protest
how to drive a boycott
Yur grup  “demcracy cmmands” can als drivepwerul change by rganizing a
boycott.
The American Revlutin began with a byctt. Ater the Stamp Act impsed extra taxes n gds in theclnies—inuriating clnists wh were arnted by “tax-atin withut representatin”—the clnists reacted by re-using t buy and cnsume tea, abric, and ther gdsimprted rm England.Capitalism respnds quickly and inexrably t marketpressure. In America, the byctt is a legal and ptentweapn t tweak the bttm line, where vested interestsand crpratins can eel the pressure. Byctts by rdi-nary Americans, such as the campus-led push during the1980s t divest—withdraw investments rm—racist Suth Arica, helped lead t the mre racially just demcraticSuth Arica we are privileged t see tday. In 1998, U.S.citizens rganized mre than 750 ches natinwide t stpserving swrdsh in their restaurants because  cncernsthat the ppulatins  the species were being seriusly de-pleted by market demands. Tw years later, t prtectswrdsh rm being shed ut, the U.S. gvernmentpassed laws that prhibited shing in the areas where theyreprduced. Citizens, accrdingly, ended the ches’ by-ctt.C-p America can teach yur cmmand grup hwt byctt. This rganizatin (http://www.cpamerica
 
—246—
naomi wolf
.rg/abut/) has a urld strategy: “buy, invest, byctt, de-mand change.” Accrding t the leaders  C-p America:“Any cncerned grup can call a byctt and any cn-sumer is a ptential byctter. I yu buy things, yu havethe pwer nt t buy. I yur riends and neighbrs areamng the target custmers r a specic prduct r in-dustry, yu are in a very pwerul psitin indeed.“Investments yu have bught can als be used tdrive change. A majrity  Americans wn stck, and yucan use the stck yu wn—even i it is nly a smallamunt—t drive a sharehlder reslutin. A sharehlderreslutin happens when sharehlders get tgether t de-mand a curse crrectin by a crpratin by putting itut r a sharehlder vte. Sharehlder reslutins havehelped bring abut such immense changes as divestmentin apartheid-era Suth Arica; because  such actins,cmpanies such as Nike have had t ace their explitiveuse  sweatshps and been rced by rdinary peple tensure that cnditins in Nike’s actries are nt abusive.“Accrding t byctt mvement leader Tdd Putnam,‘Byctts used t take between ve and ten years t get re-sults, but nw they take abut tw. That’s because they’re better rganized and get mre media attentin: crpra-tins recgnize the damage ptential much earlier.’ ”
 additional resources
How to Drive a Boycott
C-p America: http://www.cpamerica
•
.rg/abutonline NewsHur website that lists all dis-
•
cussins and prtests natinwide thatemerged rm a byctt: http://www.pbs.rg/
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