Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Volume 27 - 2010
Introduction
Looking back, we can see some of the impacts of the global financial crisis on the recent profitability of UK banking. Aggregate pre-tax losses in 2008 at the main UK high street banking groups of more than 40bn (reflected largely in RBS) were followed by a small return to profitability in the latest year. Profits from all UK banks outward investment fell ten-fold to around 1bn, while the UK operations of overseas banks saw losses of 28bn. The significance of the economic value of banking services should not be dismissed, however. Earnings for the UK balance of payments arising from the export of financial services in 2008 reached a record 31bn. In the year prior to the crisis, some 4% of UK growth reflected the banking industry, while banking and other financial services generated 12bn of Corporation Tax and 15% of Income Tax receipts for the UK. Dividend payments from UK banks are also, of course, significant income for investment and pension funds. The UK economy emerged from recession in the final quarter of 2009 after contracting by more than 5% over the previous year and a half. The annual data in this Abstract are therefore heavily influenced by changes in behaviour by lenders needing to re-build balance sheets and experiencing deteriorating credit quality, businesses working through difficult trading conditions and households looking to tighten their belts. Of particular interest in this years volume:
The main high street banks were the only sector in the mortgage market with a significant increase in annual net lending, with societies and specialist lenders showing sharp contractions. Uncertain household finances put a complete brake on consumer credit growth, with the focus turning to savings. There was a return to pre-tax profitability, with strengthened capital resources. The UK remains the largest international financial centre, holding one-fifth of European banking assets.
Reproduction or use of information from the Abstract within a commercial context is permitted only with BBA consent - applications, for which there may be a charge, should be made in writing to the Director, please. As well as this pdf version of the Abstract, an on-line service, providing downloadable Excel spreadsheets containing long-run data series (in some cases over 30 years) is available on subscription; for information, see the Statistics area of the BBA website at www.bba.org.uk
Contents
Section / Table No. 1. 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 UK banking sector balance sheet Commentary All banks in the UK: balance sheet UK banks: balance sheet Non-UK banks: balance sheet Number of banks in the UK Notes & definitions Main high street banking groups : UK banking statistics Commentary MBBG aggregate balance sheet MBBG deposits from UK residents: by sector MBBG deposits from UK residents: industrial analysis MBBG advances to UK residents: by sector MBBG sterling lending to UK residents: industrial analysis MBBG sterling mortgage lending MBBG total facilities outstanding & percentage utilisation MBBG write-offs and other revaluations MBBG advances to agriculture, hunting, forestry & fishing: by region Notes & definitions Main high street banking groups: Worldwide banking groups Commentary Total liabilities & shareholders equity/assets Pre-tax profits: segmental analysis Individual group balances Capital resources & risk weighted assets MBBG income statement Impairment: charge to profit and loss account UK group staff Notes & definitions Money & credit markets Commentary UK private sector holdings of selected sterling assets Net mortgage lending Net lending for consumer credit Small firms loan guarantee scheme & bank support for small businesses Bank support for businesses in deprived areas Notes & definitions
Section / Table No. 5. 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 Staff, branches, ATMs & accounts Commentary Number of staff UK branch networks Number of automated teller machines (ATMs) Automated teller machine (ATM) usage Number of accounts Basic bank accounts & individual savings accounts High street banks physical security Notes & definitions Plastic card statistics Commentary MasterCard & Visa credit card statistics Plastic cards Plastic card transactions in the UK Plastic card fraud losses of UK card issuers Clearing Statistics: Annual Volume & Value Notes & definitions International banking statistics Commentary Net exports of UK financial services External business of banks operating in the UK International banking analysed by centre UK banks non-resident direct investment European banks assets Notes & definitions
Symbols & conventions .. not available n/a not applicable nil or less than half the final digit shown * figure revised since the previous volume of the Abstract Owing to the rounding of figures, the sum of separate items could differ from the total shown.
The aggregate balance sheet of the UK banking sector divides between UK-owned banks and UK subsidiaries or branches of overseas banks. These tables also show instrument and residency breakdowns in sterling, euros and other currencies. In this section:
Banks in the UK
The number of banks operating in the UK (332) has remained at a fairly constant level since the consolidation or retrenchment of overseas banks into home markets in 2004 and 2005. Twenty years ago the UK banking sector was made up of 548 banks. Members manage 90% of UK banking assets. The assets of all banks in the UK (more than half of which are managed by overseas-owned banks) fell by almost 4% in the year to 7.6 trillion. The banking sector last saw a contraction (a 3% fall) in 1991. 47% of the sectors whole deposit base reflect deposits from all sources in sterling (the largest single currency). Sterling inter-bank lending expanded by 290 billion in 2009 with UK-owned bank counterparties accounting for just over half of this (153 billion). Lending by the banking sector in all currencies to UK entities (banks and all other residents) stands at 3.3 trillion. Lending in euros reflects around 25% of total worldwide lending by the UK banking sector; other foreign currency 29%.
Deposit base
UK inter-bank market
UK lending
Currency assets
Other Foreign Currency Market Loans & Advances 207.7 UK monetary financial institutions Other UK residents Non-residents Total Bills Total Investments Other assets Total Assets Notes 149.3 776.6 1,133.6 41.1 606.1 183.0 4,711.2
(a) Offices in Great Britain & Northern Ireland of institutions authorised under the Banking Act 1987 & UK branches of 'European Authorised Institutions'. (b) The breakdown shown here may not equal the sum of UK banks plus non-resident banks, due to the treatment of agency funds. (o) A reporting change in 2007 resulted in a significant netting-out of intra-group positions, previously reported as inter-bank business. Source: Bank of England
Notes (a) Offices in Great Britain & Northern Ireland of institutions authorised under the Banking Act 1987 & UK branches of 'European Authorised Institutions'. (m) A reporting change in 2007 resulted in a significant netting-out of intra-group positions, previously reported as inter-bank business. Source: Bank of England
Other Foreign Currency Market Loans & Advances 175.1 UK banks & building societies Other UK residents Non-residents Total Bills Total Investments Other assets Total Assets 77.0 629.7 881.9 21.4 343.3 98.2 2,531.4
Notes (a) Bank branches & subsidiaries in the UK of companies resident outside of the UK. (o) A reporting change in 2007 resulted in significant netting -out of intra-group positions, previously reported as inter-bank business SOURCE: Bank of England
MBBG Members & their Banking Sector Subsidiaries (a) BBA Member Banks
(b)
32 218
30 206
28 199
23 203
22 196
22 186
Banks authorised to take deposits in the UK of which: UK incorporated Incorporated inside the European Economic Area Incorporated outside the European Economic Area
346
335
335
338
336
332
171 87 88
159 93 83
160 93 82
157 97 84
157 97 82
154 98 80
Notes (a) For changes in the composition of the MBBG see Notes and Definitions. (b) As at end-March. For BBA membership criteria see Notes and Definitions. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association and Financial Services Authority
Tables 1.01, 1.02 and 1.03 The Bank of England publishes monthly figures covering the detail in these tables.
Table 1.04 Membership of the British Bankers Association (BBA) is open to any institution authorised by the UKs Financial Services Authority under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 with permission to carry on one or more of the following regulated activities: a) b) c) d) e) accepting deposits dealing in investments as principal dealing in investments as agent managing investments arranging deals in investments
UK branches and subsidiaries of banks incorporated in the member states of the European Economic Area are authorised by their home state authority, and so qualify for membership. Professional associates (e.g. law firms) and other institutions (representative offices of overseas banks) are also eligible to become members.
The business of the UK offices of the main high street banking groups account for some two-thirds of all UK residents sterling bank deposits and lending. In this section:
Balance sheets
In 2009, the banks aggregate balance sheet rose by 11% to 4.1 trillion. Sterling deposits from the UK public and private sectors, of 1.5 trillion, comprise 41% from individuals, 41% from private non-bank financial corporations, 13% from private non-financial corporations and 2% from other sources. Total deposits rose by 3% including a 6.8 billion inflow (+7%) into cash ISAs, which stand at 98 billion. Outstandings rose by 3% in 2009 to 1,476 billion. As was the case in 2008, a slowing economy, falls in property prices and tighter credit conditions all impacted on the housing market. New mortgage lending in 2009 was 37% lower than in 2008 and the number of loans approved fell to just under 1 million. More than two-thirds of the 8.7 million mortgages operate on variable interest rates. In 2009 only 2 in 1000 homes were possessed, although the ratio notably deteriorated. After allowing for securitisations and write-offs, net lending fell by 11.6 billion in 2009, reflecting reduced demand and higher repayments for credit cards. In 2009 88% of available sterling credit was drawn on at the year-end; foreign currency credit facilities were only 78% drawn down. Loans written-off rose by 6 billion in 2009, reflecting deteriorating trading conditions in the UK economy despite the recession coming to an end.
Retail deposits
Individuals deposits
Consumer credit
Credit facilities
Write-offs
Table 2.03 - MBBG Sterling Deposits From UK Residents : Industrial Analysis (a)
End-December Agriculture, Hunting & Forestry Fishing Mining & Quarrying Manufacturing Food, beverages & tobacco Textiles & leather Pulp, paper, publishing & printing Chemicals, rubber & plastics Other non-metallic mineral products Machinery & transport equipment Electrical, medical & optical equipment Other manufacturing Total Electricity, Gas & Water Supply Electricity, gas & hot water supply Cold water purification & supply Total Construction Wholesale & Retail Trade Sale & repair of motor vehicles etc. Wholesale trade Retail trade & repair Total Hotels & Restaurants Transport, Storage & Communication Real Estate, Renting & Other Business Real estate Renting of machinery, equipment & goods Computer & related activities Other business activities Total Public Administration & Defence Education Health & Social Work Recreational, Personal & Community Services Personal & community services Recreation, culture & sport Total Financial Intermediation Financial leasing companies Non-bank credit grantors Credit unions Factoring corporations Mortgage & housing credit corporations Investment & unit trusts etc Money market mutual funds Bank holding companies Securities dealers etc Other financial Total Insurance Companies & Pension Funds Financial Auxiliary Activities Placed by fund managers Other Total Individuals & Individual Trusts Total 2004 3.3 0.1 1.2 2.0 0.8 2.6 2.2 2.6 3.3 2.8 2.3 18.5 2.6 1.2 3.8 11.4 2.7 8.2 9.7 20.6 3.4 9.5 20.2 0.8 4.8 40.0 65.9 9.6 4.9 7.2 10.8 6.5 17.3 1.6 4.5 0.0 0.4 7.7 6.3 0.1 4.4 10.6 25.5 61.1 27.0 15.3 22.5 37.9 449.6 751.9 2005 3.1 0.1 2.0 1.7 0.7 2.7 2.0 2.9 3.7 2.6 2.4 18.8 2.3 0.8 3.1 12.6 2.6 8.3 9.3 20.3 4.2 8.7 23.7 1.1 5.0 47.2 77.0 9.7 5.4 8.3 10.8 7.1 17.9 2.4 4.0 0.1 0.4 8.7 8.4 0.1 6.2 11.5 45.4 87.2 31.5 17.0 36.0 53.0 481.6 844.5 2006 3.5 0.1 1.8 2.2 0.8 2.6 2.1 3.2 4.3 2.6 3.5 21.3 1.9 1.7 3.6 14.7 2.8 8.2 9.7 20.7 4.1 9.9 27.0 1.2 5.5 55.5 89.3 10.5 5.7 9.1 11.5 8.4 20.0 2.4 6.5 0.1 0.5 12.8 8.1 0.1 10.4 13.4 82.7 136.9 31.2 21.0 31.9 52.9 521.0 956.3 2007 4.2 0.1 2.0 1.8 0.8 3.5 2.1 3.4 4.8 2.8 2.9 22.2 2.5 1.1 3.6 15.8 3.1 9.2 10.7 23.0 4.3 10.4 29.7 1.2 6.4 59.4 96.6 13.8 6.6 10.3 12.5 10.7 23.2 2.0 6.5 0.0 0.6 11.8 10.1 0.1 23.3 22.0 95.0 171.6 34.1 18.5 38.3 56.8 551.1 1,049.7 2008 4.2 0.1 1.8 1.5 0.7 2.5 2.1 3.2 4.0 2.9 2.7 19.6 2.7 1.7 4.4 14.9 3.0 8.7 9.7 21.4 3.6 9.9 27.2 1.4 6.8 57.6 92.9 32.0 7.4 9.8 12.3 10.6 22.9 2.2 5.8 0.0 0.7 58.4 12.1 0.1 41.0 27.5 176.3 324.2 32.1 23.4 92.1 115.5 574.8 1,291.6 billions 2009 4.0 0.1 1.5 1.8 0.8 2.8 2.4 3.3 4.2 3.1 2.5 20.8 2.5 1.5 4.0 14.8 3.1 9.4 10.9 23.4 3.9 9.9 29.9 1.3 7.0 55.4 93.7 44.7 8.4 11.1 12.5 11.6 24.1 3.1 4.4 0.1 0.7 86.7 16.4 0.0 45.1 31.7 243.6 431.8 32.2 19.0 109.9 128.9 594.7 1,452.0
Notes (a) The industry groups are based on the Office for National Statistics' "Standard Industrial Classification, 1992" with the addition of the 'Individuals' category. The data include all forms of sterling deposits for which an industrial analysis is available - see Notes and Definitions. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2.8 0.3 3.0 6.1 171.3 25.1 187.4 30.7 599.6 8.8 36.0 1,000.3
3.0 0.3 3.3 6.6 190.4 34.7 224.3 30.3 628.1 9.9 26.3 1,075.7
4.2 0.3 4.0 8.4 216.7 24.5 247.6 32.1 650.6 9.9 29.5 1,152.8
4.2 0.4 4.5 9.2 333.9 54.7 279.9 35.3 657.9 9.7 31.6 1,312.5
0.8 0.3 4.5 5.6 482.4 87.4 302.5 30.4 598.9 10.1 37.3 1,426.6
2.2 0.3 4.8 7.3 417.0 91.3 294.8 26.1 719.4 9.8 37.9 1,476.4
Notes (a) Excluding advances to or from Monetary Financial Institutions and lending under the DTI special scheme for shipbuilding. (b) Figures were affected by group restructuring and/or securitisations - for details see Notes and Definitions. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association
(a)
24.9 11.1 0.0 2.9 42.5 3.3 0.0 9.0 10.0 44.7 148.5
25.4 12.5 0.0 3.4 47.5 3.2 0.0 9.5 8.5 40.7 150.9
26.8 14.2 0.0 4.1 61.9 3.2 0.0 11.5 6.5 50.3 178.6
27.1 14.2 0.0 5.0 76.4 3.0 0.0 31.3 14.9 109.5 281.4
28.4 15.9 0.0 5.4 123.6 2.8 0.0 37.4 14.8 161.6 389.9
22.6 16.5 0.0 5.6 48.6 1.7 0.0 30.2 9.8 189.0 324.2
(a)
2008 15.2
Notes (a) The industry groups are based on the Office for National Statistics' "Standard Industrial Classification, 1992" with the addition of the 'Individuals' category. The data include all forms of sterling lending for which an industrial analysis is available - see Notes and Definitions. (b) Figures were affected by group restructuring and/or securitisations - for details see Notes and Definitions. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association
366 496,382 496,748 188,336 189,113 92,988 78,004 18,122 2,428,696 832,161 822,390 774,145 77,900 111,700 94,800 23,400
277 520,458 520,734 185,253 198,406 96,885 85,568 15,954 2,152,619 751,500 777,188 623,931 92,200 128,900 110,100 25,600
214 542,153 542,367 216,198 225,991 115,909 94,253 15,829 2,181,723 831,515 770,045 580,163 103,600 139,400 122,400 27,300
204 549,290 549,493 221,284 224,385 105,759 103,077 15,548 1,982,029 687,272 768,959 525,798 113,200 153,900 134,000 29,600
172 496,447 496,619 169,426 154,601 47,948 96,591 10,063 1,355,416 330,395 672,680 352,341 114,062 145,123 143,591 28,560
120 626,431 626,551 107,132 106,551 60,707 39,176 6,668 986,740 443,395 299,938 243,409 107,983 136,915 130,613 27,394
Notes (a) Some figures have been affected by securitisations - for details see Notes and Definitions. (b) Includes topping-up loans and home improvement loans, but excludes bridging finance. These figures are comparable with the gross new lending figures published by the Building Societies Association. (c) Data are net of cancellations. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association
Table 2.09 - MBBG Lending: Total Facilities Outstanding & Percentage Utilisation (a)
billions End-December Sterling Agriculture & fishing Manufacturing Cold water supply Construction Wholesale & retail trade Hotels & restaurants Transport, storage & communication Real estate Financial intermediation Insurance companies & pension funds Unclassified industrial categories Individuals & individual trusts Total All Foreign Currencies Agriculture & fishing Manufacturing Cold water supply Construction Wholesale & retail trade Hotels & restaurants Transport, storage & communication Real estate Financial intermediation Insurance companies & pension funds Unclassified industrial categories Individuals & individual trusts Total 0.1 92% 10.1 52% 0.4 11% 1.2 18% 4.2 56% 1.3 57% 4.2 45% 1.7 43% 89.0 92% 1.2 26% 25.2 70% 0.3 85% 139.0 81% 0.1 77% 15.4 53% 0.5 6% 1.9 16% 5.7 56% 1.6 49% 5.5 42% 2.3 37% 88.9 85% 1.3 40% 27.2 64% 0.4 88% 150.7 74% 0.2 95% 14.1 47% 0.8 23% 1.4 14% 6.2 53% 1.4 29% 5.3 47% 3.5 32% 116.5 86% 1.7 22% 36.6 68% 0.6 83% 188.4 76% 0.2 96% 19.4 38% 0.4 0% 2.1 22% 7.2 53% 1.3 36% 6.1 49% 3.9 35% 138.8 86% 1.9 30% 66.3 77% 0.9 87% 248.5 77% 0.4 81% 23.7 49% 0.3 9% 1.4 29% 9.5 44% 2.2 29% 11.6 38% 6.9 47% 168.1 85% 1.8 34% 83.4 65% 1.4 67% 310.8 74% 0.2 88% 17.9 40% 0.3 10% 1.4 16% 7.1 45% 1.2 37% 6.6 57% 5.9 48% 132.4 86% 1.6 30% 60.9 83% 0.7 83% 236.2 78% 9.7 77% 33.9 55% 2.9 29% 21.8 63% 36.3 61% 23.1 78% 16.1 66% 109.8 77% 167.3 89% 10.2 67% 93.1 75% 671.0 89% 1,195.0 84% 10.4 80% 34.1 58% 3.1 13% 24.6 60% 39.4 64% 22.8 79% 15.4 69% 126.5 78% 168.5 90% 10.7 69% 118.3 79% 702.5 89% 1,276.3 84% 10.4 79% 35.2 58% 6.5 28% 24.4 63% 41.3 63% 22.6 82% 15.7 71% 142.9 78% 197.6 90% 13.8 74% 125.3 80% 733.2 89% 1,368.9 84% 10.6 77% 33.4 59% 3.2 30% 28.2 69% 42.9 67% 24.2 84% 14.7 65% 158.7 82% 300.0 94% 17.5 77% 151.2 82% 750.4 88% 1,535.0 85% 11.3 75% 30.5 67% 3.3 47% 30.5 74% 45.1 70% 26.8 85% 15.9 65% 181.0 82% 404.4 96% 15.9 86% 225.6 90% 664.1 90% 1,654.5 89% 11.4 77% 28.3 62% 3.1 39% 26.7 68% 42.9 69% 26.7 87% 15.2 68% 176.3 85% 339.8 95% 14.2 80% 186.4 87% 800.3 90% 1,671.1 88% 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Notes (a) Total facilities outstanding include all loan, overdraft and acceptance facilities whether or not they have been drawn, excluding market loans and lending under special schemes for exports and shipbuilding (see notes on Table 2.11). The percentage utilisation is the ratio of the amount drawn (i.e. advances, acceptances and claims under repos) to the total facility outstanding. The industry groups shown are based on the Office for National Statistics' Standard Industrial Classification, 1992.
Notes (a) This breakdown covers over 95% of all sterling lending by the Major British Banking Groups for agriculture, hunting, forestry & fishing. (b) These figures relate to lending by branches located within each statistical region and do not represent lending to that region. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association
The BBA has published statistics for the main high street banking groups (originally titled the Major British Banking Groups - MBBG) since 1991 and before then, data related to the Committee of London and Scottish Bankers. In September 1997, with a significant break in the series following the implementation of the Banking Statistics Review, the opportunity was taken to expand the MBBG constituency to include the Alliance & Leicester Group, Halifax plc and Woolwich plc whilst the Standard Chartered Group was no longer covered. The following is a list of the banks that have been included in the groups of the high street banks over the range of the data series: Santander UK Group: Santander UK (including retail deposits of Bradford & Bingley from 2008) Abbey National Treasury Services plc CA Premier Banking (up to and including 2005) Cater Allen Alliance & Leicester plc (from 2008) Alliance & Leicester Commercial Bank plc (from 2003 up to and including 2006) Alliance & Leicester Group: Alliance & Leicester plc (up to and including 2007) Alliance & Leicester Commercial Bank plc (from 2003 up to and including 2006) Barclays Group: Barclays Bank PLC Barclays Bank Trust Company Ltd Barclays Private Bank Ltd (up to and including 2006) Bradford & Bingley plc HBOS Banking Group: Halifax plc (up to and including 2006) Bank of Scotland (up to and including 2008) HBOS Treasury Services plc (up to and including 2006) Capital Bank plc (up to and including 2006) Lloyds Banking Group: Halifax plc (up to and including 2006) Bank of Scotland (from 2009) HBOS Treasury Services plc (up to and including 2006) Capital Bank plc (up to and including 2006) Lloyds TSB Bank Plc (from 2009) AMC Bank Ltd (from 2009) Cheltenham & Gloucester plc (up to and including 2006) Lloyds TSB Private Banking Ltd (from 2009) Lloyds TSB Scotland plc (from 2009) Scottish Widows Bank plc (from 2009) HSBC Bank Group: HSBC Bank plc HSBC Trust Company (UK) Ltd Lloyds TSB Group: Lloyds TSB Bank Plc (up to and including 2008) AMC Bank Ltd (up to and including 2008) Cheltenham & Gloucester plc (up to and including 2006) Lloyds TSB Private Banking Ltd (up to and including 2008) Lloyds TSB Scotland plc (up to and including 2008) Scottish Widows Bank plc (up to and including 2008)
Northern Rock Group: Northern Rock plc The Royal Bank of Scotland Group: The Royal Bank of Scotland plc Adam and Company plc Coutts & Co Direct Line Financial Services (up to and including 2006) Lombard Bank Ltd (up to and including 2005) Lombard & Ulster Ltd (up to and including 2004) National Westminster Bank PLC Tesco Personal Finance Ltd (up to and including 2008) Ulster Bank Ltd Ulster Bank Ireland Ltd Tables showing banking statistics for MBBG groups have been compiled on an aggregate basis and thus show intra-group deposits and loans gross; in this respect, they therefore differ from the consolidated figures published by the banks in their annual accounts (the latter also cover world-wide business as distinct from business of their UK offices only). Over the period covered by the tables the activities of a number of subsidiaries have been absorbed or fully consolidated with their parent institution with a consequential reduction in the aggregate intra-bank figures; on the other hand, restructuring of other groups has sometimes had the effect of inflating intra-bank business. In order to understand the underlying behaviour that is reflected in movements in financial statistics, banks are required by the Bank of England to report certain aspects of their business according to groups of transactors with similar characteristics. Two systems of classification are used in UK official statistics: i) Economic Sector, which groups entities which are homogenous with respect to their economic and financial behaviour. These groups are UK banks and building societies; UK public sector; Other UK residents; and Non-residents; and Industrial Category, which groups economic units according to their main type of industrial or service activity, in line with harmonised European definitions.
ii)
Other UK residents (also referred to as the UK private sector) is further subdivided into private financial corporations (including financial unlimited liability partnerships), private non-financial corporations (including non-financial unlimited liability partnerships), individuals (including individual trusts) and other (comprising unincorporated businesses other than unlimited liability partnerships, and non-profit making bodies serving households). In line with ESA95, residents and institutions in the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are now classified as non-residents. The privatisation of public companies (eg electricity companies) has meant that in statistical returns, lending to, and deposits from, those companies have been reclassified from the public sector to the private sector from the date of the privatisation.
Tables 2.01 and 2.06 These data are published monthly in press releases. They are also available in the Statistics area of the BBAs website at www.bba.org.uk.
Table 2.06 This table includes all forms of sterling lending, except UK investments and UK bills (for which no industrial analysis is available) i.e. advances, acceptances, claims under sale and repurchase agreements, and holdings of commercial paper. Other manufacturing includes lending under the DTI shipbuilding scheme; securities dealers etc includes secured lending to SEMBs and GEMMs. Securitisations and de-securitisations etc. have affected the figures as follows: 2003 some 21,800mn of lending secured on dwellings and some 1,860mn of credit card credit were securitised. Some 1,090mn of individuals lending was de-securitised all of which was lending secured on dwellings. Net purchases of other loans increased individual lending by some 980mn, of which 760mn was credit card credit.
net 23,900mn of lending secured on dwellings and net 595mn of credit card credit were securitised. net 31,155mn of lending secured on dwelling and net 2,263mn of credit card credit was securitised, in addition other categories were affected by securitisations of loans totalling 608mn. net 48,781mn of lending secured by dwellings and net 482mn of credit card credit was securitised. net 56,953mn of lending secured by dwellings and net 469mn of credit card credit was securitised. net 103,275mn of lending secured by dwellings and net 3,833mn of credit card credit was securitised. net 7,712mn of lending secured by dwellings and net 1,460mn of credit card credit was securitised.
The tables in this section contain individual group data taken from annual reports and accounts and therefore relate to consolidated worldwide group operations. In that respect, they are more comprehensive than the data in Section 2, which relate just to the UK banking operations. In this section:
Aggregate worldwide group assets contracted by 24% in 2009. As the level of risk-weighted assets reduced, the aggregate ratio of capital to risk weighted assets rose to around 14%. Interest income and expense were sharply lower as a result of interest rates remaining at historical lows, but increased non-interest income and lower operating expenses meant a return to profitability in 2009. Provisions and impairments for reducing loan quality rose in 2009, by 6 billion, related to lending of 2.6 trillion to other banks and to customers. Staff costs accounted for 0.6% of total assets. The average number of people employed in the UK is just under 390,000
Impairment charges
2004
(h)
2005 207.0 .. 59.0 .. 924.4 .. 40.8 540.9 .. 386.4 .. .. .. 309.8 .. 82.7 .. .. .. 776.8 ..
2006 191.8 .. 68.6 .. 996.8 .. 45.4 591.0 .. 440.8 .. .. .. 343.6 .. 101.0 .. .. .. 871.4 ..
2007 199.6 .. 79.0 .. 1,227.4 .. 52.0 667.0 .. 622.3 .. .. .. 353.3 .. 109.3 .. .. .. 1,840.8 ..
2008 231.7 .. 75.2 .. 2,053.0 .. 55.9 1.2 689.9 .. 924.2 20.7 .. .. 436.0 .. 104.3 0.6 .. .. 2,401.7 80.5
2009 .. .. .. .. 1,379.1 58.7 49.4 1.4 .. .. 751.9 28.4 1,027.3 44.1 .. .. 87.4 1.1 285.3 7.2 1,696.5 94.6
Notes (a) Following the introduction in December 1992 of Financial Reporting Standard 2 (FRS2), banks were required to show the liabilities/assets of their long term assurance funds in their accounts prior to 2004. Two figures are therefore shown for banks with assurance business; the upper excludes long term assurance funds, the lower includes long term assurance funds. (h) International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were adopted for end-2005 accounts. For comparative purposes, 2004 accounts were re-stated on an IFRS basis as at 1st January 2005, but prior to 2004, accounts are shown on a UK GAAP basis. (i) Includes ABSA group from 2007. (j) Includes ABN AMRO from 2007. SOURCE: Individual Banks' Annual Accounts
Notes (a) No segmental analysis is available for Northern Rock. (b) For changes to year-end presentations, see Table 3.01, note (b). (g) Excluding exceptional items. (h) Excluding minority interests and before write-down of leases. (j) Central services and administration. (k) International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were adopted for end-2005 accounts. For comparative purposes, 2004 accounts were re-stated on a pro-forma IFRS basis, but prior to 2004, accounts are shown on a UK-GAAP basis. (l) Other covers Hedging and other variances, depreciation of operating lease assets and reorganisation and other costs. SOURCE: Individual Banks' Annual Accounts
2004 (b)
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Notes (a) For changes to year-end presentations, see Table 3.01, note (b). (b) International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were adopted for end-2005 accounts. For comparative purposes, 2004 accounts were re-stated on an IFRS basis as at 1st January 2005, but prior to 2004, accounts are shown on a UK GAAP basis. (c) After 2008 Abbey National and Alliance & Leicester are included in Santander UK. SOURCE: Individual Banks' Annual Accounts
Notes (a) For changes to year-end presentations, see Table 3.01, note (b) International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were adopted for end-2005 accounts. 2004 data were as reported to the FSA and not restated with 2005 on an IFRS basis, so that prior to 2005, accounts are shown on a UK GAAP basis. (c) Basel II transition result in statement of capital measures for 2007 on new Basel II basis from Basel I, where possible. Comparison of 2007 with previous years may not be valid. SOURCE: Individual Banks' Annual Accounts
Ratios as a percentage of average balance sheet assets (i) Interest income Interest expense Net interest income Non-interest income (net) Gross income Operating expenses Net income Impairment & other provisions (net) Profit before tax Tax Profit after tax Staff costs (included above) Ratios as a percentage of gross income Net interest income Non-interest income (net) Operating expenses Net income Impairment & other provisions (net) Profit before tax Tax Profit after tax Staff costs (included above) Ratios as a percentage of net income Impairment & other provisions (net) Profit before tax Tax Profit after tax 3.0 1.8 1.2 1.6 2.8 1.8 1.0 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.7
Notes (a) For changes to year-end presentations, see Table 3.01, note (b). (h) International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were adopted for end-2005 accounts. For comparative purposes, 2004 accounts were re-stated on a pro-forma IFRS basis, but prior to 2004, accounts are shown on a UK-GAAP basis. (i) International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were adopted for end-2005 accounts. For comparative purposes, 2004 accounts were re-stated on an IFRS basis as at 1st January 2005, but prior to 2004, accounts are shown on a UK GAAP basis. SOURCE: Individual Banks' Annual Accounts
Notes (a) Impairment charge for loans and receivables, available for sale investments and other credit provisions, net of releases and recoveries. (b) For changes in year-end presentations, see Table 3.01, note (b). (c) International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were adopted for end-2005 accounts. For comparative purposes, 2004 accounts were re-stated on a pro-forma IFRS basis, but prior to 2004, accounts are shown on a UK-GAAP basis.
(a)
2006 19,257 8,315 62,400 3,174 71,850 79,127 .. 62,630 5,936 .. 141,800
2007 14,903 8,178 61,900 2,862 74,087 84,929 .. 58,078 6,334 .. 203,500
2008 14,829 6,934 59,600 2,420 74,676 87,492 .. 58,756 5,276 .. 105,800
2009 n/a n/a 55,700 917 n/a 82,296 125,109 n/a 4,546 20,730 98,500
Notes (a) Average number of persons employed, including non-clerical and part-time staff; but excluding staff working completely or mainly outside the UK. These figures include staff employed by non-financial subsidiaries. (b) For changes in year-end presentations, see Table 3.01, note (b). (d) Figures for the UK only are not available; figures include staff outside the UK. (e) Figure for 2007 includes 89,800 ABN AMRO staff, following acquisition. SOURCE: Individual Banks' Annual Accounts
The figures shown have been taken from the published annual report and accounts of each bank group, for their financial years ending 31 December. The term "subsidiaries" in this section has a different coverage from that in other sections relating to banking statistics, as figures shown in this section include all subsidiaries and associate companies, both within and outside the United Kingdom, and whether or not they are banks. These subsidiaries and associate companies have varied over time as detailed in the individual banks' annual reports. The figures shown are taken, where possible, from the latest annual reports, using five or ten year statistical summaries. In the absence of such summaries the latest published figure has been used in each case, to incorporate any re-statement of the accounts. The impact of Financial Reporting Standards, or as in 2005, the adoption of IFRS means that data series are sometimes not wholly consistent, depending on whether earlier data have been re-stated. 2005 Accounts were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and interpretations issued by the Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee of the IASB (FRIC) as endorsed by the European Union. Groups have, however, taken advantage of the option in IFSR1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards to implement IAS38 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, IAS32 Financial Instruments: Disclosure and Presentation and IFSR4 Insurance contracts from 1st January 2005 without restating 2004 income statements and balance sheets. However, to allow for meaningful comparison with the 2005 results, pro-forma results prepared for 2004, have been shown.
Tables 3.05 The Capital Adequacy risk asset ratios (total net capital resources as a proportion of total weighted risk assets) are based on the Basel Convergence Agreement on capital standards, and subsequently the EC Solvency Ratio Directive and are as disclosed by the banking groups.
Table 3.07 These data are as supplied to the OECD for inclusion in their publication "Bank Profitability", and are based on common international definitions. In this table, profit before tax is a derived figure and may differ from pre-tax profit figures as published by the banks in their annual reports.
This section considers where the private sector holds its liquid assets, together with whole market data on mortgages, consumer credit and small business support. In this section:
Individuals deposits
Deposits in banks total 680 billion, almost three times the level in building societies and seven times the level in National Savings. Annual net lending was just 8 billion in 2009. Bank lending of 36 billion was virtually offset by a collapse in lending by building societies and other lenders who saw repayments or transfers of existing lending completely outweighing any new lending. 46,000 properties were possessed in 2009, 15% more than in the previous year and the highest annual total since 1995. This total equated to 42 properties in every 10,000 mortgages. There was a net contraction in lending of almost 1 billion in 2009. Lending by all market players was subdued, with bank customers outstripping new lending with repayments. Lending to small businesses, by way of term loans or overdrafts, grew to more than 55 billion by the end of 2009 and there is an equivalent level of deposits. Small businesses yet again established more than half a million new banking relationships in the latest 12 month period.
Mortgages
Possessions
Consumer credit
Small businesses
172.0 13.9%
189.8 13.8%
206.9 13.3%
231.6 13.3%
275.6 14.5%
244.3 12.1%
67.9 5.9%
72.1 5.5%
78.1 5.3%
83.4 5.1%
94.9 5.0%
98.4 4.9%
Source: Bank Of England, British Bankers' Association and Office for National Statistics
2004 68.9 61.1 16.8 0.0 14.9 0.0 100.7 68.4% 71.4% 11.5 8,200 0.071
2005 64.6 55.1 12.7 -0.4 14.1 0.3 91.2 70.8% 71.5% 11.6 14,500 0.125
2006 79.4 66.2 16.1 -0.2 14.8 0.3 110.5 71.9% 71.4% 11.7 21,000 0.179
2007 76.9 62.4 13.0 0.0 17.8 0.4 108.2 71.1% 72.0% 11.9 25,900 0.219
2008 59.4 48.2 5.0 0.8 -25.6 1.2 40.7 >100% 74.8% 11.7 40,000 0.343
2009 36.3 35.9 -7.6 0.4 -22.4 1.0 7.8 >100% 85.4% 11.0 46,000 0.419
of which : MBBG (a) Building Societies (c) Insurance companies & pension funds Other specialist mortgage lenders (c)(d) Local authorities Other public sector Total net lending Banks' share of annual net lending Banks' (e) share of amounts outstanding at end-year Number of mortgages outstanding at end-December (millions) (f) Number of properties possessed during year to endDecember (f) Ratio of properties possessed to mortgages outstanding (%) (f)
Notes (a) Includes bridging finance. For changes in the composition of the MBBG see Notes and Definitions. (b) All banks figures include lending to housing associations. (c) Net changes have been adjusted to remove the effects of group restructuring and/or securitisations - for details see Notes and Definitions. (d) The split between subsidiaries of banks/other is no longer available. (e) Includes lending securitised through special purpose vehicles, but excludes lending indirectly through subsidiaries. (f) Figures published by the Council of Mortgage Lenders. For further information please contact the CML on 020 7437 0075. SOURCE: Bank of England, Office for National Statistics, British Bankers' Association and Council of Mortgage Lenders
of which: MBBG
Building Societies Class 3 Loans Other Consumer Credit Lenders Total net lending of which: credit cards (c) Banks' share of annual net lending Banks' share of amounts outstanding at end-year
Notes (c) Net changes have been adjusted to remove the effect of securitisations - for details see Notes and Definitions. (d) For changes in the composition of the MBBG see Notes and Definitions. (e) From 2005 onwards net changes allow for the effects of write offs, in line with similar figures published by the Bank of England.
SOURCE: Bank of England, Office for National Statistics and British Bankers' Association
Table 4.06 - Enterprise Finance Guarantee Scheme & Bank Support For Small Business
During the financial year ended March Small Firms Loan Guarantee Scheme Value of Guarantees Issued ( millions) Number of Guarantees Issued Average loan size ( 000's) Enterprise Finance Guarantee (b) Value of Guarantees Issued ( millions) Number of Guarantees Issued Average loan size ( 000's) As at end-December Banks Support to Small Businesses
(e) (b) (k)
2004
2005
2006
2007 ( i )
2008 ( j )
2009 ( j )
409 5,966 69
481 7,130 68
422 5,957 71
212 2,702 78
207 2,619 79
32 390 82
Number of Small Business current accounts (millions) Number of current accounts with overdraft limit (millions) Number of current accounts overdrawn (millions) Borrowing on Overdraft ( billions) Number of term loan accounts (millions) Term lending ( billions) of which: of which: of which: of which: of which: of which: less than 3 years 3 - 5 years 5 - 10 years over 10 years fixed rate variable rate
3.2 0.9 0.7 8.0 0.6 29.9 4.1 2.1 5.4 18.4 3.8 26.0 37.9 2.6 1.3 39.1 1.1 35.3%
3.3 0.9 0.7 8.8 0.6 33.3 4.3 2.0 5.2 21.8 3.7 29.6 42.1 2.6 1.3 41.3 1.4 41.2%
3.4 0.9 0.7 8.8 0.6 37.2 4.6 1.9 5.1 25.7 3.7 33.5 46.0 2.7 1.4 46.4 1.5 45.0%
3.6 0.9 0.7 8.7 0.6 41.7 4.9 2.2 5.3 29.3 3.9 37.8 50.4 2.9 1.6 54.4 1.7 40.0% 550,300
3.7 0.9 0.7 8.7 0.6 45.7 5.6 2.4 5.4 31.9 4.0 41.3 54.4 3.0 1.8 54.2 1.9 49.2% 541,928
3.8 0.9 0.7 8.4 0.5 46.9 5.6 2.9 6.3 32.2 4.3 42.6 55.3 3.0 1.9 55.6 2.0 51.0% 553,660
Total lending ( billions) Number of current accounts in credit (millions) Number of deposit accounts (millions) Deposits ( billions)
(f)(g) (f)
Number of businesses using on-line facilities (millions) Proportion of businesses using on-line facilities (%) New banking relationships established
Notes (a) From 1st April 2003 the Small Firms Loan Guarantee Scheme was opened up to previously excluded sectors such as retail and catering, hairdressing, motor vehicle repair and other service sectors, contributing to the increase in usage seen in 2004. (b) The DTI operates a scheme whereby it assists small firms with viable proposals to obtain finance. The terms and conditions have varied over time; for details see Notes and Definitions. Prior to 2006, figures reflected all loans guaranteed, thereafter only those loans guaranteed where funds have been drawn down. (c) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) Girobank, Yorkshire Bank and The Co-operative Bank included from 2000 onwards. There is no standard definition of a small business. For the definition of data collected by the BBA see Notes and Definitions. Better identification of small business accounts during 1998 reduced numbers slightly. Credit balances in current accounts plus deposit account balances. Better identification of small business accounts reduced 2004 numbers slightly. The definition for 'Guaranteed' changed in 2006. The figures are now guarantees that have been offered, accepted and drawn down rather than as previously, simply offered and accepted.
(j) The SFLG was suspended in 2008, following the Government's introduction of the Enterprise Finance Guarantee scheme, under which 1.3bn will support bank lending, of 3 months to 10 year maturity, to UK businesses with a turnover of up to 25 million who are currently not easily able to access the finance they need. It will enable them to secure loans of between 1,000 and 1 million through the guarantee and is available up to 31 March 2010. (k) Small Firms Loan Guarantee (SLFG) Scheme for 2009 only covers 3 months from January to March 2009. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association & HM Government's Small Business Service
2,344 22 109 123 38 602 628 18 92 329 21 81 99 69 786 677 1,055 89 4,980 2,779 842 1,268 1,233 1,383 111 1,639 20 40 112 153 8 58 104 223 304 374 154 174 147 23,288
34 1 1 1 0 8 15 0 2 3 0 2 3 1 14 8 48 3 34 24 8 8 7 15 1 26 0 1 1 2 1 2 2 4 3 5 2 2 2 296
Notes (a) Deprived Areas are defined as those 5% of postcode sectors equating to the 2% most deprived electoral wards in Great (b) Britain. Customers new to business banking during the period 1st July 2008 to 30th June 2009.
Table 4.04 Group restructurings or loan securitisations can sometimes result in mortgage lending assets being transferred from banks to special purpose vehicles or subsidiaries. Mortgage lending portfolios are also bought or sold to other institutions. The effects of these transfers/purchases have been excluded from the changes shown to provide underlying increases or decreases in mortgage business.
Table 4.05 Group restructurings or loan securitisations can result in consumer credit being transferred from banks to other specialist lenders (eg bank subsidiaries) and vice versa. Consumer credit portfolios are also sold to other institutions. The effects of these transfers/purchases have been excluded from the changes shown to provide underlying increases or decreases in consumer credit.
Table 4.06 The SFLG was suspended in 2008, following the Government's introduction of the Enterprise Finance Guarantee scheme, under which 1.3bn will support bank lending, of 3 months to 10 years maturity, to UK businesses with a turnover of up to 25 million who are not easily able to access the finance they need. It will enable them to secure loans of between 1,000 and 1 million through the guarantee and is available up to 31 March 2010.
Table 4.07 As a subset of the national data in Table 4.06, this table shows a regional breakdown of support for small business in deprived areas, defined as those 5% of postcodes representing the 2% most deprived electoral wards in the country. A full postcode breakdown is available in the Statistics area of the BBAs website at www.bba.org.uk.
The infrastructure and operations of retail banking in the United Kingdom continue to experience rapid development as advances in technology facilitate greater customer access to accounts and cash, augmenting the services provided by traditional branch networks. In this section:
Consolidation has led to small reductions in bank branch networks, but there still more than 5 bank branches for every building society branch in the UK. There are some 7.8 million social banking accounts in the UK, with 7.4 million now accessible at post offices, making a recognised industry contribution to financial inclusion. Almost 40 million registered customers now make 5 billion on-line transactions annually. The number of customers registered for telephone banking dropped slightly to 47 million, with associated transactions dropping 6% to around 600 million annually. The number of individuals current and deposit accounts with the main high street banks rose by 3% in 2009 to 141 million. The banks high street network of almost 30,000 ATMs saw over 2.5 billion withdrawals totalling 169 billion of cash in 2009. Attacks on ATMs rose by 30% in 2009, to a record number of 261. Branch robbery numbers rose, for the first time in seven years, by 10%. A record annual total of 37.5 billion was subscribed to ISAs during the 2008/09 fiscal year, half of which went into accounts with banks or their subsidiaries. The majority of the total UK banking workforce is employed by member banks of the BBA, some 419,400 staff at end-2009. Headcounts fell in 2009, with the greatest reductions seen in retail banks.
Remote banking
Individuals accounts
ATM use
Physical crime
ISAs
Headcount
(a)
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
18,900 8,100 60,600 6,400 47,400 47,300 59,000 5,700 76,600 330,000 120,550 4,500 209,450 76,300 2,200 3,600 4,200 4,500 1,900 429,600
16,000 8,200 61,300 3,100 46,700 49,400 56,000 6,200 78,800 325,700 121,000 4,900 204,700 75,700 2,000 7,200 4,300 n/a 1,900 432,900
14,500 7,800 59,800 3,200 47,700 49,700 50,400 6,300 77,700 317,100 119,200 5,000 197,900 73,000 1,300 7,200 4,300 n/a 1,887 424,400 334,100 23,500 37,400 4,900 24,500
14,100 8,100 58,300 3,100 47,500 49,500 50,600 6,600 77,400 315,200 121,000 5,600 194,200 72,600 .. 8,850 4,300 n/a 1,789 428,600 326,100 28,900 41,100 8,400 24,100
15,000 7,300 54,700 n/a 53,800 49,200 59,000 4,600 68,000 311,600 122,480 5,600 189,120 70,400 .. 9,800 4,300 n/a 1,752 427,600 326,600 30,700 37,100 8,700 24,500
15,400 6,000 50,400 n/a 54,400 45,900 55,500 5,000 62,100 294,700 114,100 4,900 180,600 68,800 .. 9,600 12,000 n/a 1,816 419,400 316,300 26,900 34,700 7,300 34,200
Notes (a) See Notes and Definitions for coverage. (b) Figures include staff of certain subsidiaries indistinguishably, and are for Great Britain only. (g) Figures cover employees of Lloyds TSB Bank, Lloyds TSB Scotland and Cheltenham & Gloucester. (l) Category split not available prior to 2005. (m) From 2005 Clydesdale Bank includes staff previously under Yorkshire Bank. (n) Figures include ABN Amro. (o) From 2009 Co-operative Bank figures include Britannia. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association, Financial Services Authority and Individual Banks
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
724 254 2,059 208 1,064 1,569 1,791 185 205 56 642 1,631 10,388 97 217 232 91
712 254 2,029 207 1,058 1,513 1,745 185 198 57 643 1,631 10,232 n/a 180 190 92
712 254 2,014 205 1,002 1,492 1,659 185 197 56 647 1,629 10,052 n/a 154 190 93
705 254 1,733 197 1,005 1,475 1,808 185 n/a 56 649 1,629 9,696 n/a 153 190 92
713 254 1,724 195 995 1,444 1,802 185 n/a 56 651 1,628 9,647 n/a 152 190 91
914 254 1,698 n/a 956 1,369 1,786 185 n/a 57 651 1,612 9,482 n/a 152 186 84
43 48 83 92 266 .. 11,952
Notes (a) Figures include Woolwich from 2004 (b) Includes automated outlets. "Handy banks"are included from 2003. (d) Figures include the former TSB Bank Northern Ireland. (e) Total number of offices (including one-office societies). Figures exclude those building societies shown above prior to conversion/acquisition. (f) Crown and sub-post offices. (g) Branch operations of Bristol & West sold to Britannia Building Society in September 2005. (h) Cheltenham & Gloucester business is now included under Lloyds TSB. (i) Abbey National figures from 2009 include Bradford & Bingley branches. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association, Financial Services Authority and Individual Banks
Table 5.03 - Number of Cash Dispensers & Automated Teller Machines (ATMs)
End-December MBBG (parents only) Abbey National Alliance & Leicester Barclays (b) HBOS HSBC Bank Lloyds TSB (c) Northern Rock The Royal Bank of Scotland Total of which: located away from branches Bristol & West
(e)
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2,632 2,557 3,829 3,330 2,955 4,213 36 6,132 25,684 8,708 29 447 2,165 471
2,526 2,525 3,812 2,783 2,845 4,197 35 6,442 25,165 8,411 28 458 2,433 458
2,506 2,344 3,729 2,719 3,299 4,078 34 6,668 25,377 8,494 n/a 484 2,387 440
2,225 2,207 3,319 2,830 3,717 4,118 32 6,985 25,433 8,888 n/a 489 2,279 450
2,041 2,275 3,450 2,842 3,925 4,215 31 7,201 25,980 8,996 n/a 495 2,175 456
2,076 2,064 3,368 2,736 3,889 4,215 31 7,647 26,026 8,913 n/a 484 2,145 454
Clydesdale Bank The Co-operative Bank Yorkshire Bank Northern Ireland Banks Bank of Ireland (f) First Trust Bank Ulster Bank Ltd Total Total number of ATMs in the UK of which: located in branches located in retail outlets located in social & leisure facilities located in post offices located in motoring & transport facilities located in other places
(g)
174 161 203 217 755 54,412 19,351 18,515 7,941 2,350 3,783 2,472
253 155 198 219 825 58,286 19,112 19,356 10,890 2,253 4,629 2,046
200 160 198 228 786 60,468 19,392 21,524 10,749 2,444 4,635 1,724
314 161 196 261 932 63,476 19,171 23,499 11,254 2,997 4,698 1,857
290 159 194 266 909 63,916 19,636 23,642 10,936 3,142 4,664 1,896
303 161 194 301 959 62,192 19,769 23,946 8,900 3,092 4,576 1,909
Notes (b) Figures include Woolwich from 2004 (c) Figures include Lloyds TSB Bank Scotland. (e) Bristol & West sold and rebranded to Britannia Building Society in September 2005. (f) Bank of Ireland agreement to install ATM's in Post Offices from July 2005. (g) Figures include the former TSB Bank Northern Ireland. SOURCE: The UK Cards Association (formerly the Association for Payment Clearing Services)
2004
(a)
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
8,418 2,143 22,160 2,768 224 20,264 15,672 21,973 169 25,999 117 1,348 2,451 2,185 125,891
7,876 2,175 22,228 2,783 223 20,373 16,330 21,177 155 25,518 n/a 1,357 2,467 2,154 124,816
7,777 2,352 21,162 2,790 224 20,259 16,569 20,781 140 25,922 n/a 1,209 2,498 1,910 123,593
9,232 2,478 22,418 n/a 223 20,111 16,129 21,991 128 26,244 n/a 1,210 2,430 1,903 124,497
9,473 2,609 24,917 n/a 224 21,195 15,821 23,146 668 24,116 n/a 1,183 2,611 1,893 127,855
10,797 2,699 22,854 n/a n/a 20,156 15,914 23,116 105 24,908 n/a 1,175 2,449 1,817 125,990
Number of Cash Withdrawals During the Year (millions) Abbey National (b) Alliance & Leicester Barclays Woolwich Bradford & Bingley HBOS HSBC Bank (c) Lloyds TSB (d) Northern Rock The Royal Bank of Scotland (e) Bristol & West
(g)
188 63 344 n/a n/a 375 506 460 3 536 n/a 34 6 34 2,550
Value of Cash Withdrawals During the Year ( millions) Abbey National (b) 12,175 Alliance & Leicester Barclays Woolwich Bradford & Bingley HBOS HSBC Bank (c) Lloyds TSB (d) Northern Rock The Royal Bank of Scotland (e) Bristol & West
(g)
12,369 2,926 20,956 2,461 177 22,013 23,182 29,105 149 27,561 n/a 2,400 466 1,765 145,530
12,879 3,238 21,330 2,978 185 23,453 25,004 28,439 152 28,705 n/a 2,272 350 1,467 150,452
12,739 3,666 29,934 n/a 169 24,756 31,764 30,005 153 32,148 n/a 2,830 435 1,647 170,246
12,791 3,957 32,227 n/a 184 27,158 31,620 31,217 671 32,799 n/a 2,660 421 3,856 179,560
12,794 4,056 23,325 n/a n/a 25,043 34,010 29,449 181 35,680 n/a 2,208 415 2,309 169,471
2,625 20,126 2,917 164 22,116 18,910 24,765 183 25,443 35 2,418 416 1,803 134,096
Notes (a) Includes dedicated ATM cards, other multifunction debit cards and credit cards with PIN. (b) Includes cards issued by First National Bank and the former National & Provincial Building Society. (c) Includes cards issued through First Direct and HSBC Bank. (d) Figures include LloydsTSB Bank Scotland. (e) Figures for 2002 include National Westminster. (f) Excludes chip transactions (g) Operations of Bristol & West sold to Britannia Building Society in September 2005. SOURCE: The UK Cards Association (formerly the Association for Payment Clearing Services)
Notes (a) Figures include data for certain subsidiaries with large retail branch networks. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association, Financial Services Authority and Individual Banks
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
in the year
of which : accessible at Post Office counters Number of accounts at year end (d) of which: accessible at Post Office counters Individual Savings Accounts end-April Mini/Cash ISA (g) Number of Accounts subscribed to in year (thousands) of which: accounts with Banks & Bank Subsidiaries (thousands) Total amounts subscribed (covers stocks & shares, cash, life insurance) of which: accounts with Banks & Bank Subsidiaries Additional amounts subscribed from matured TESSAs Maxi/Sock and Shares ISA
(g)
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Number of Accounts subscribed to in year (thousands) of which: accounts with Banks & Bank Subsidiaries (thousands) Total amounts subscribed (covers stocks & shares, cash, life insurance) of which: accounts with Banks & Bank Subsidiaries Additional amounts subscribed from matured TESSAs TESSA-only ISAs
(f) (e)
485 3,349
123 732
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
(a) Number opened, less number closed, of relevant accounts marketed since the start of Universal banking in April 2003, under which accounts could be accessed at Post Office counters. (c) Number of relevant accounts upgraded since the start of Universal banking. (d) Figures relate to all accounts offered by banks in the social banking environment, reaching back to the 1980's. (e) Cash component of Maxi ISAs (f) While TESSA accounts were discontinued from April 1999, TESSA-only ISAs (TOISAs) were designed specifically for savers to re-invest the capital from their maturing TESSA accounts and continue to enjoy tax-free savings. All TESSAs had matured by 2005, since when subscriptions to TOISAs have ceased. (g) Mini and Maxi ISA's changed in 2009 to Cash and Stocks & Shares ISA's SOURCE: British Bankers' Association and HM Revenue & Customs
Notes (a) Abbey, Alliance & Leicester, Bank of Scotland, Barclays, Bradford & Bingley, Co-operative Bank, Cheltenham & Gloucester, Clydesdale Bank, Halifax, HSBC, Lloyds TSB, NatWest, Northern Rock, Royal Bank of Scotland and Yorkshire Bank.
Table 5.01 For comparative purposes, these figures, where possible, relate to the headcount number of staff employed as at end-December; for the MBBG banks, therefore, the numbers may differ from those published in Annual Reports as shown on Table 3.9, which may be on a different basis. Part-time employees are included on the same basis as full-time staff (except where stated). The figures generally cover banking staff (e.g. excluding staff of securities subsidiaries) but would include support staff paid directly by the parent banks. BBA membership criteria are detailed in the notes and definitions to Table 1.04.
Table 5.02 This table shows the number of outlets offering the full range of over-the-counter banking services. The figures do not include those outlets that comprise ATM facilities only, or ATM facilities in remote locations. Regional offices and sub-branches are only included if they offer the full range of services. Branches in the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are not included.
Table 5.06 Since the launch of universal banking, under which basic bank accounts can be operated at post offices, the BBA has been monitoring the take-up of accounts as part of the industrys contribution to the financial inclusion arena. Tax-exempt investment products for individuals, within the Individual Savings Account (ISA) wrapper are offered by a wide range of financial institutions. Annual subscriptions to all accounts and those operated by banks and their subsidiaries are provided by HM Revenue & Customs.
The vast number of credit and debit cards on offer, from a wide range of issuers, demonstrates their acceptance by customers, retailers and service providers alike. This section presents credit card data for all UK issuers (whether bank, building society or other financial institution affiliated to the Amex, Visa or MasterCard organisations) together with data on debit cards, their usage and fraud. In this section:
Total borrowing reduced in 2009, as repayments exceeded new spending. Average borrowing per account rose to 1,241 although 34% of credit card balances continue to incur no interest at all. Plastic cards are accepted at nearly 1.2 million point-of-sale terminals installed in almost 950,000 outlets in the UK. There were 7.9 billion card transactions in the UK in 2009 with a value of over 380 billion. Of these transactions, 33% were on food and drink, 11% on motoring and 10% on entertainment. Slightly lower than in 2008, the average credit card transaction was 71, while debit card transactions averaged at an unchanged 46. The volume of debit card transactions continued to increase through 2009. Plastic card losses fell by 28% in 2009 to 440 million, the lowest total for three years . Fraud losses in the UK accounted for 72% of the total. The shift away from paper payments continues, with cheque and credit volumes falling another 13%.
Plastic payments
Average transactions
Fraud
Payments
Notes (b) These data cover the world-wide transactions of UK resident holders of credit cards issued in the UK by financial institutions affiliated to the Visa, Mastercard or Amex organisations. Earlier data showing the split between Mastercard and Visa are no longer shown, due to certain institutions moving existing credit card accounts from Visa or Mastercard to Amex branding.
2004
2005
2006
2007 (d)
2008
2009
71,380 27,873 43,507 65,544 36,768 28,776 58,820 50,399 195,744 752,078 920,015 571,955 348,060
70,573 29,199 41,374 66,991 42,432 24,559 59,000 51,050 196,564 789,638 974,051 595,999 378,052
67,747 30,406 37,341 68,348 43,435 24,913 58,705 50,670 194,800 810,520 1,023,215 631,008 392,207
68,167 37,441 30,726 71,624 45,811 25,813 60,828 52,803 200,619 854,007 1,050,748 633,731 417,017
67,413 40,306 27,106 76,271 49,304 26,967 59,980 51,513 203,664 892,796 1,094,964 651,539 443,425
61,991 .. .. 79,237 58,452 20,785 58,581 50,504 199,809 946,364 1,179,175 709,145 470,030
: Visa : Maestro
(b)
Cheque cards : Domestic of which: MBBG Total Number of UK Outlets Number of UK Point-of-sale Terminals of which: bank owned of which: retailer owned Transactions Credit Cards (affiliated to Amex, MasterCard or Visa) (c) Volume of purchases (millions) Value of purchases ( millions) Debit Cards (a) Volume of transactions (millions) Value of transactions ( millions)
1,932 151,775
1,995 154,154
1,968 149,904
2,020 152,339
1,994 149,873
2,005 142,595
3,690 150,152
4,084 170,672
4,512 194,863
4,939 220,769
5,384 241,158
5,859 269,313
Notes (a) These data are supplied by UK Card Association and cover all their members. They cover purchases in the UK only and include VISA electron and Solo cards. Transaction data refer to domestic retail transactions. (b) This covers members of the Cheque Card Scheme, and includes Barclaycards issued to customers of Barclays Bank (which are also included in the Visa figures) but excludes Eurocheque Encashment Cards issued. (c) From 2009 these data cover the world-wide transactions of UK resident holders of credit cards issued in the UK by financial institutions affiliated to the Visa, Mastercard or Amex organisations. Earlier data showing the split between Mastercard and Visa are no longer shown, due to certain institutions moving existing credit card accounts from Visa or Mastercard to Amex branding. (d) Maestro replaced the Switch branding at end of 2007. SOURCE: British Bankers' Association, the UK Cards Association (formerly part of Association for Payment Clearing Services)
SOURCE: The UK Cards Association (formerly part of Association for Payment Clearing Services)
Notes (a) The figures relate to cards issued in the UK only but cover losses worldwide. Losses on foreign issued cards used in the UK are not included. (c) Losses on cheque guarantee cards include losses on multi-function cards when used to guarantee personal cheques.
SOURCE: UK Payments
2005
2006
2007
2008
millions 2009
950 3,149 2,490 32 6,620 billions 915 886 2,975 64,617 69,393
&
Notes (b) Domestic payments are between Members of CHAPS Euro. TARGET includes all payments in to and out of the UK through the system which interlinks the National Central Banks of the EU. CHAPS uro ceased in May 2008. SOURCE: UK Payments
The figures relate to all issuers of credit and charge cards affiliated to either the Amex, MasterCard or VISA organisations. In-store or other credit card schemes are not included. The statistics cover ordinary, Gold, Premier and Affinity cards issued to individuals and companies but exclude personal loan schemes processed and operated by the credit card companies. The credit outstanding figures and the turnover figures cover transactions with retailers and cash advances world-wide.
Table 6.01 Figures in this table relate to world-wide activity on cards held by UK residents. Active accounts are defined as those with a balance outstanding as at the end of December. The series showing the percentage of balances (ie the total credit outstanding) at year-end incurring interest is a weighted average based on data from all issuers.
Table 6.03 Figures in this table, provided by the UK Cards Association (formerly part of the Association for Payment Clearing Services - APACS), relate to transactions made in the UK and therefore include those of non-resident cardholders.
The banking sector makes a significant contribution to the UK balance of payments and this section gives the international perspective of UK banking. Due to the complexity of compiling international banking data, there is sometimes a substantial lag associated with the data. In this section:
Service exports
In 2008, banks exports of services rose by 31%, to more than 31 billion. This represented 62% of net exports by the whole financial services sector. Lending to overseas residents fell back, by 16% in 2009, while deposits from overseas also fell, by 13%. The UK remains the largest international banking centre with 21% of all overseas liabilities and 18% of all claims. UK banks investment in overseas branches, subsidiaries and associates increased by almost 7 billion in 2008. Profits from outward investments, however, fell by 88% to just over 1 billion as the effects of the financial crisis emerged. Overseas investment in UK branches, subsidiaries and associates, though increasing by more than 9 billion, suffered overall losses of 28 billion in 2008 as the UK banking sector bore the difficulties of wholesale market dislocation and constraints on liquidity and capital. Total banking assets across Europe grew 2% in 2008 to almost 44 trillion. Banks in the UK hold 19% of this total.
Outward investment
Inward investment
Notes (a) Includes data on financial services, commodities' traders miscellaneous earnings and merchanting from International Trade in Services (ITIS) survey. SOURCE: International Financial Services London
Notes (c) Includes international issues of securities and net non-euro foreign currency items in suspense and balances awaiting settlement of securities transactions. SOURCE: Bank of England
2004 18,102
2005 19,884
2006 24,448
2007 31,418
2008 29,067
2009 28,095
Notes (a) Covers all banks operating within a country regardless of their ownership nationality. (b) Consolidates all worldwide operations of banks to the nationality of the parent bank regardless of where the operations take place.
Outward Transactions: By UK banks in investments in their non-resident branches, subsidiaries and associates at end year Capital Transactions Branches Subsidiaries and Associates Current Transactions Profits/Losses of Branches Attributable Profits/Losses of Subsidiaries and Associates Dividends received from non-resident entities Interest received from non-resident entities 1,374 4,059 739 264 1,047 4,450 319 310 1,763 5,732 806 542 1,555 6,878 939 493 441 6,552 2,859 1,012 -3,635 2,569 1,260 1,067 21 -1,398 -33 12,135 10 4,595 25 5,375 26 7,312 .. 6,880
Inward Transactions: In UK branches, subsidiaries and associates by non-resident entities at end year Capital Transactions Branches Subsidiaries and Associates Current Transactions Profits/Losses of Branches Attributable Profits/Losses of Subsidiaries and Associates Dividends paid to non-resident entities Interest paid to non-resident entities -351 2,308 359 576 1,112 1,115 645 600 1,906 2,385 199 791 3,341 1,758 232 1,347 -6,342 2,649 257 1,538 -25,766 -3,451 87 985 195 539 103 11,113 37 1,811 18 2,738 -30 6,257 .. 9,472
Notes (a) EU plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. SOURCE: The European Banking Federation
Table 9.02 & 9.03 The Bank of England publishes a further breakdown of the data within these tables by individual country on a quarterly basis.
Table 9.04 Capital transactions comprise working capital invested in fixed assets, ordinary shares and other capital. Current transactions are attributable profits or losses to the investor after provisions for depreciation and bad debts and after deducting domestic taxes, as well as dividends paid to the investor during the period.
Table 9.05 Basis of country data may not be consistent from year to year.