Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

Telecommunications MSc in Software Development

Dirk Pesch, 2004

UMTS Requirements (Radio Access)

Maximum User Bit Rates
Rural Outdoor: Suburban Outdoor: Indoor/Urban Outdoor: 144kb/s (goal 384kb/s), up to 500km/h 384kb/s (goal 512kb/s), up to 120km/h 2Mb/s, max speed 10km/h

Flexibility
Negotiation of bearer service attributes Parallel bearer services (service mix, multimedia) Circuit and packet switched bearers Scheduling of bearers Link adaptation (quality, traffic, load, radio conditions) Range of bit rates Variable bit rate real-time capabilities

Dirk Pesch, 2004

UMTS Requirements (Radio Access)

Handover
Seamless handover between cells of one operator Efficient handover between UMTS and 2nd generation

Compatibility with fixed network services

ATM bearer services GSM services IP based services B/N-ISDN services

Facilities for quality of service provision Private and residential operators High spectrum efficiency Asymmetric band usage

Dirk Pesch, 2004

UMTS Requirements (Radio Access)

Coverage/Capacity
provide variety of initial coverage/capacity configurations Flexible use of various cell types and relations between cells Ability to provide cost effective coverage in rural areas

Viability of mobile terminals Reasonable network cost and complexity Variety of mobile terminal/station types Security Compatibility with IMT2000 Coexistence with other systems

Dirk Pesch, 2004

Technology Aspects
Flexible radio interface based on wideband CDMA technology Data rates up to 2Mbps and beyond Wide range of teleservices
voice, voice related video, videotelephony multimedia data, Internet broadcast, paging Satellite Public outdoor (macro, micro cell) Public indoor Private indoor

Hierarchical Architecture

Dirk Pesch, 2004

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access

3rd generation radio access system FDD mode (W-CDMA) TDD mode (TD-CDMA) Multicarrier mode (optional) Core network based on evolved GSM network

Dirk Pesch, 2004

UTRA W-CDMA Radio Interface

Channel bandwidth Chip rate Frame length Channelisation spreading Data modulation Spreading modulation Coherent detection Channel multiplexing in uplink Multirate 5MHz (10Mhz, 20Mhz) 3.84Mchip/s 10ms variable spreading QPSK(downlink), BPSK (uplink) Balanced QPSK (downlink) Dual-channel QPSK (uplink) User dedicated time multiplexed pilot Common pilot in downlink Control and pilot channel time multiplexed I and Q multiplexing for data and control Variable spreading

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UTRA W-CDMA Radio Interface

Spreading factors Power control Spreading (downlink) 4 - 256 Open and fast closed loop (1500Hz) Variable length orthogonal sequences for channel separation, Gold sequences for cell and user separation Spreading (uplink) Variable length orthogonal sequences for channel separation, Gold sequences 241 for user separation (diff. Time shifts in I, Q, cycle 216 10ms radio frames) Handover Soft handover Interfrequency handover

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UTRA Network - Interfaces and Protocols

UTRAN
NodeB NodeB NodeB Iur NodeB Uu NodeB NodeB Iub RNC Iu 3G SGSN Gn GGSN Internet Gs RNC 3G MSC/ VLR HSS MAP PSTN/ISDN

UE

Dirk Pesch, 2004

UTRA Network Functions

Overall system access control
System information broadcasting

Radio channel ciphering

Radio channel ciphering Radio channel deciphering

Handover
Radio environment survey Handover decision Macro-diversity control Handover control, execution, completion SRNS relocation Inter-system handover

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UTRA Network Functions

Radio resource management and control Radio bearer connection setup and release Reservation and release of physical radio channels Allocation and de-allocation of physical radio channels Packet data transfer over radio RF power control and setting Radio channel coding and decoding Channel coding control Initial (random) access detection and handling

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Radio Interface Protocol Architecture

C-plane signalling U-plane information

L3
RRC PDCP BMC

RLC

RLC

RLC

RLC

L2/RLC
Logical Channels

MAC

L2/MAC
Transport Channels

PHY

L1

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Physical Layer - FDD Mode

Procedures Power control Cell search Random access Idle mode operation Optional features Adaptive antennas Multi-user detection Downlink transmit diversity Location function support

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Physical Layer - TDD Mode

Procedures Synchronisation of TDD base stations Dynamic channel allocation Power control Cell search Random access Optional features Joint detection (MUD) Adaptive antennas Downlink transmit diversity Location function support

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MAC Layer
MAC services
Data transfer Re-allocation of radio resources and MAC parameters Reporting of measurements Allocation/deallocation of radio resource

MAC logical channels

Control Channels (CCH) Synchronisation Control Channel (SCCH) Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) Paging Control Channel (PCCH) Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) Common Control Channel (CCCH)

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MAC Layer
MAC logical channels (cont.)
Traffic Channel (TCH) Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)

MAC functions
Selection of appropriate transport format Priority handling between data flows Priority handling between users Scheduling of broadcast, paging and notification messages Identification of MSs on common transport channels Multiplexing/demultiplexing of higher layer PDUs Routing of higher layer signalling (TDD mode)

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MAC Layer
MAC functions (cont.) Maintenance of MAC signalling connection (TDD mode) Dynamic transport channel type switching Traffic volume monitoring Monitoring link quality (TDD mode) Support of open loop power control

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RLC Layer
RLC services L2 connection establishment/release Transparent data transfer Unacknowledged data transfer Acknowledged data transfer QoS setting RLC functions Connection control Segmentation and reassembly Transfer of user data Error correction

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RLC Layer
RLC functions (cont.) In-sequence delivery of L2 SDUs to higher layers Duplicate detection Flow control Protocol error detection and recovery Suspend/resume function Quick repeat Keep alive Ciphering

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Radio Resource Control

RRC services General control Notification Dedicated control RRC functions Broadcast information from core & radio access network Establishment, maintenance, and release of RRC connections between UE and UTRAN Establishment, re-configuration, and release of radio access bearers Assignment, re-configuration, and release of radio resources for RRC connection RRC connection mobility functions Arbitration of radio resource allocation between cells

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Radio Resource Control

Control of requested QoS UE measurement reporting and control of reporting Outer loop power control Control of ciphering Initial cell selection and re-selection in idle mode paging/notification contention resolution and congestion control

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FDD Mode Transport Channels

Dedicated transport channel DCH - Dedicated Channel Common transport channel BCCH - Broadcast Control Channel FACH - Forward Access Channel PCH - Paging Channel RACH - Random Access Channel

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FDD Mode Frame Structure - Uplink

1 Dedicated Physical Data/Control Channel
DPDCH DPCCH Pilot, Npilot bits Data, Ndata bits TPC, NTPC bits RI, NRI bits

0.625ms, 10*2k bits (k=06) Slot #1 Slot #2 Slot #i

Tf = 10ms
Frame #1 Frame #2 Frame #i Frame #72

Slot #16

Tsuper = 720ms

Variable spreading factor SF = 256/2k (k = 06)

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FDD Mode Frame Structure - Uplink

2 Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
1.25ms

Access slot #1 Access slot #2

Random access burst Random access burst Random access burst

Offset of access slot #i

Access slot #i

Access slot #8

Random access burst Frame boundary

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FDD Mode Frame Structure - Uplink

Random Access Burst Format
Random access burst Preamble part 1 ms 0.25 ms Message part 10 ms

Message part of random access burst I Q 10 ms Structure of Random Access burst data part MS ID Req. Serv. Optional user packet CRC

Data part Pilot symbols Rate Information

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FDD Mode Frame Structure - Downlink

DPCCH Pilot TPC RI DPDCH Data

0.625ms, 20*2k bits (k=06) Slot #1 Slot #2 Slot #i

Tf = 10ms
Frame #1 Frame #2 Frame #i Frame #72

Slot #16

Tsuper = 720ms

Variable spreading factor SF = 256/2k (k = 06)

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Downlink Spreading and Modulation

cos(t) I DPDCH/DPCCH S P Q cch cscramb p(t) sin(t) cch Channelisation code (OVSF), separates connections cscramb Scrambling code (10ms), only one per cell p(t) pulse shaping filter p(t)

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Uplink Spreading and Modulation

cos(t) cd DPDCH I I+jQ DPCCH cc cc, cd cscramb p(t) Q IQ mux cscramb Im{..} p(t) sin(t) Re{..} p(t)

Channelisation codes, separates data and control Scrambling code (10ms or 256 chips), separates MSs pulse shaping filter

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Transport Channel Coding/Multiplexing

Static rate matching

TrCh 1 Multiplexing Channel coding Ratematching Inter-frame interleaving

Dynamic rate matching

Ratematching

CC TrCh Intra-frame interleaving

TrCh M Channel coding

Ratematching

Inter-frame interleaving

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FDD Mode - Cell Search

One radio frame (10ms)
cp cp cp

csi,1

csi,2

csi,16

One slot (0.625ms)

cp: csi,k:

primary synchronisation code secondary synchronisation code

Slot timing acquired Frame timing and Long-code Longlong-code group longacquired acquired Search all codes in long-code group

Search PSC using match filter

Decode SSC sequence

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FDD Mode - Slotted Mode Operation

Measurement period

10 ms Synchronisation signal on different carrier

One frame 10ms

One frame 10ms

One frame 10ms

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TDD Mode Frame Structure

TDD frame 10 ms

BS Tx part Uplink/downlink switch point (variable)

MS Tx part downlink UL/DL uplink

Spreading codes

Data

Midamble

Data

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Packet Data Transmission

Three options for packet data transmission
Short packets in RACH

Random access burst including small packet

Arbitrary time

Random access burst including small packet

Random Access Channel (RACH)

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Packet Data Transmission

Packet reservation based transmission on a dedicated channel

Random access burst

Random access burst

Random Access Channel (RACH)

Packet Dedicated Channel (DCH)

Packet

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Packet Data Transmission

Packet transmission on existing dedicated channel

Capacity request

Scheduled packet Dedicated Channel (DCH)

Unscheduled packet

Link maintenance (pilot and power control)

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Handover
UTRA Soft handover Soft handover between cells Softer handover between sectors of same cell UTRA to UTRA hard handover Inter-frequency handover FDD/TDD and TDD/FDD handover UTRA to GSM hard handover

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Inter-operability GSM/UTRA
Requirement for UTRA NodeBs to inform dual mode MS of existing GSM frequencies in the area Inter-operation between UTRAN and GSM BSS to maintain current service during inter-system handover GSM network is required to indicate WCDMA spreading codes for easy cell identification

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UMTS Core Network

Circuit-switched core network
consists of 3G MSC 3G Gateway MSC Media Gateway consists of 3G SGSN 3G GGSN IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) (from Rel.5 onwards)

Packet-switched core network

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IP Multimedia Subsystem
IP Multimedia Networks PSTN
Mb Mb PSTN

Legacy mobile signalling Networks

BGCF
PSTN Mk Mk

CSCF
Mm Mw Mi Cx

Mj

BGCF

C, D, Gc, Gr

IMSMGW
Mb

MGCF
Mn

HSS
Mg Mr

CSCF
Mw

MRFP
Mp Mb Mb Mb

MRFC

P-CSCF
Gm Go

UE

IM Subsystem

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Call Session Control Function

Call Session Control Function (CSCF) is SIP server providing control signalling functionality for multimedia services in IP networks Proxy-CSCF
first contact point of the UE with the IMS (always in network where UE resides) forwards SIP messages to S-CSF/I-CSCF

Serving-CSCF
always assigned in the home network, acts as registrar making information available through HSS handles session states to support SIP services

Interrogating-CSCF
main contact point in network for home or roaming subscriber in that network resolves SIP server addresses for current session

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Other IMS Network Elements

Breakout Gateway Control Function (BGCF)
selects network for PSTN breakout once network for breakout is chosen, selects MGCF for inter-working with PSTN

Multimedia Resource Function

divided into Media Resource Function Control (MRFC) controls media stream resources provided on the Mb interface and Media Resource Function Processor (MRFP) provides resources for media streams on the Mb interface

Media Gateway (MGW)

terminates bearer channels from circuit-switched domain and media packet streams from the packet-switched domain

Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)

controls MGW and translates signalling messages between different signalling systems

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UMTS Protocol Architecture

UE Node B RNC USER PLANE CONTROL PLANE SGSN GGSN

System Network Layer

USER PLANE CONTROL PLANE

Radio Network Layer

USER PLANE CONTROL PLANE

Transport Network Layer

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Transport Network Layer Protocols

Radio Interface Uu
RRC/ PDCP

Terrestrial Interfaces Iub

RRC/ RANAP/ PDCP Iu FP

Iu
RANAP/ Iu FP

RLC Layer 2 MAC FP Layer 1

WCDMA WCDMA
Transport

RLC

MAC FP
Transport Transport Layers Transport Layers

L1 UE

L1 Node B SRNC CN

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Transport Network Layer Protocols at Uu

Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol
maps logical channels into appropriate transport channels

Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol

provide segmentation/reassembly for Protocol Data Units provides error correction functions for both control and user data

Transport Network Layer

used by RRC functions in the control plane as radio signalling bearers used by service-specific protocol layers in the user plane such as the Packet Data Convergence Protocol

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Transport Network Protocols over Terrestrial Interfaces

Use of ATM as Layer 2 protocol on UTRAN terrestrial interfaces Use of Ethernet as Layer 2 on some interfaces in the core network in particular IMS Layer 3 and 4 protocols are IP and TCP

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Radio Network Layer

Uu
RRC NBAP

Iub
NBAP RNSAP

Iur
RNSAP RRC RANAP

Iu
RANAP

UE

Node B

DRNC

SRNC

CN

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System Network Layer

Uu
SS SMS SM Session

Iu
SS SMS SM

GPRS MM

MM Context

GPRS MM

Signalling Connection

UE

RNC

SGSN

Lower layer protocol is responsible for mobility management (here we refer to GPRS MM as the mobility management responsible for GPRS users) On top of GPRS MM run the communication service specific protocols, session management (SM), supplementary services (SS), and short message service (SMS) On top of the UMTS network layer operate the IP based transport and application layer protocols

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UMTS Quality of Service Classes

Traffic class Maximum bit rate (kbps) Guaranteed bit rate (kbps) Max. SDU size (octets) Residual BER 10-2, Conversational < 2 048 < 2 048 1 500 or 1 502 5*10-2, 10-2, 5*10-3, 10-3, 10-4, 10-6 7*10-3, 10-3,
5

Streaming

Interactive

Background

< 2 048 overhead

4*10-3, 10-5, 6*10-8 10-3, 10-

SDU error ratio

10-4,

10-

10-1,

10-2,

7*10-3,
4,

10-5

10-3, 10-4, 10-6

Transfer delay max value (ms)

100

250

Main criteria for QoS is data transmission delay with other criteria including bit rate (bandwidth), nature of traffic (symm./asymm.), error rate, etc. Conversational and streaming class are for real-time traffic Interactive and background class are used by normal Internet type data traffic with interactive for WWW browsing and Telnet and background for e-mail and FTP access

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Applications
Conversational Class Applications
Circuit-switched voice service
similar to GSM using the 24.008 protocol and AMR speech encoding

Packet-switched voice service

uses SIP based session management and SDP based session description as a Voice over IP service, AMR encoding used for speech encoding

Streaming Class Applications

video and audio streaming using buffering mechanisms at the receiver to compensate for delay variability in bearer service

Interactive Class Applications

applications such as web browsing and remote login where the overall level of service is characterised by the request-response delay

Background Class Applications

Any non real-time application such as e-mail, ftp access, etc with delay insensitivity but error free requirement

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QoS Requirements
Conversational/Real-Time Service requirements
ITU-T G.114 limits for voice service
0 150ms preferred range (<30ms unnoticeable) 150 400ms acceptable range >400ms unacceptable

human ear intolerant to jitter but tolerant to some extend to error with a limit of ca. 3% Frame Erasure Rate

Interactive Service requirement

Zero loss (error) requirement Delay tolerance 2 4 sec. for web browsing with 0.5 sec target E-mail download from local service with similar delay requirement to web browsing

Background Service requirement

30sec delivery delay for SMS

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UMTS End-to-End QoS Architecture

U MTS
UE A pplic ation Lay er UTRA N SGSN GGSN IP Serv er UE

SIP

End-to-End Serv ic e

SIP

SIP

Trans port Lay er

UDP IP

UDP IP

UDP IP

Sy s tem Lay er R adio Lay er

UMTS Bearer Serv ic e

Ex ternal Bearer Serv ic e

Netw ork Lay ers

Radio A c c es s Bearer
Iu Bearer Phy s ic al

CN Bearer
Bac k bone

Trans port R adio Bearer Lay er U TR A F D D /TD D

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RRC Connection Setup Procedure

UE N ode B 1 . R R C C o n n e c t io n R e q u e s t { C C C H ( o n R A C H ) : R R C C o n n e c t io n R e q u e s t } 2 . R R C C o n n e c t io n S e tu p RRC { C C C H (o n F A C H ) : R R C C o n n e c t io n S e t u p } RRC RRC RNC

RRC

3 . R R C C o n n e c tio n S e t u p C o m p le t e RRC { D C C H (o n D C H ) : R R C C o n n e c t io n S e t u p C o m p le t e } N o de B RRC

UE

RNC

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PDP Context Activation Procedure

UE N ode B RN C SGSN GGSN SM

1 . D ir e c t T ra n s fe r : A c tiv a te P D P C o n te x t R e q u e s t

SM

RAB RB
3 . R a d io L in k S e tup N BAP 4 . R e s p o ns e

2 . R A B A s s ig n m e n t R e q u e s t RAN AP N BAP RAN AP

N BAP

N BAP

5 . A L C A P Iu b D a ta T ra n sp o rt B e a re r S e tup RRC 6 . R a d io B e a re r S e tup { D C C H : R a d io B e a re r S e tu p } RRC 7 . R a d io B e a re r S e tup C o m p le te RRC

RRC 8 . R A B A s s ig nm e nt R e s p o ns e RAN AP RAN AP 9 . C re a te P D P C o n te x t R e q ue s t G TP 1 0 . R e s p o ns e GTP G TP G TP

1 1 . D ire c t T r a n s f e r : A c tiv a te P D P C o n te xt SM SM

UE

N ode B

RN C

SGSN

GGSN

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Location Management
LA
RA
URA
Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell

URA
Cell Cell

Cell Cell

Cell

RA
URA
Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell

URA
Cell

Cell

Cell

Cell

VLR divided into Location Areas Each LA is divided into Routing Areas, which are controlled by the SGSN for paging purposes during packet transfer An RA is divided into UTRAN Routing Areas (URA), which are tracked by the RNC

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UTRAN Mobility Management

Connected Mode Cell DCH Idle Mode Cell FACH URA PCH Cell PCH

UTRAN mobility management is triggered by the establishment of an RRC connection In CONNECTED mode the UE can have different states depending on connection type
Cell DCH: UE has allocated dedicated resources, e.g. DPDCH and DPCCH Cell FACH: no dedicated resources but communication through RACH and FACH Cell PCH: UE known by SRNC, UE reached via PCH URA PCH: location known at URA level and UE is paged via BCH

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Core Network Mobility Management

MS MM States
PM M DETACHE D

3G -SGSN MM States
PM M DETAC HED

PS Detach PS Attach PS Signalling Connection Release PS Signalling Connection Establish

Detach, PS Attach Reject, RAU Reject

PS Detach PS Attach

Detach, PS Attach Reject, RAU Reject

PM M -IDLE SM-ACT IVE or INACT IVE

PM M CONNECTED SM-ACT IVE or INACT IVE

PM M -IDLE SM-ACT IVE or INACT IVE

PS Signalling Connection Release PS Signalling Connection Establish

PM M CONNECTED SM-ACT IVE or INACT IVE

Serving RNC relocation

PMM-DETACHED: UE not known to the network, attach required, SM is inactive PMM-IDLE: UE attached to GPR core network with UE having established MM contexts, no RRC connection established (UE know with RA accuracy) PMM-CONNECTED: RRC connection established, SGSN tracks UE at RA level with RNC tracking at cell level

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Attach Procedure
UE 1 . P S A t ta c h R e q RRC RRC R AN AP PMM PM M 2 . Init ia l U E M e ss a g e R AN AP PM M PMM M AP M AP PMM PM M 5 . A u th e n tic a t io n R e q u e s t 5 . A u th e n tic a t io n R e sp o n s e PM M PM M 6 . C h e c k IM E I MAP M AP 7 . S e c u rity M o d e C o m m a n d RRC
R R C /R A N A P

RNC

SG SN

HLR

3 . Id e nt ity R e q u e s t 3 . Id e n tit y R e sp o n s e

4 . S e nd A u t h In fo 4. A ck

MAP MAP

MAP 6. A ck MAP

RANAP

7 . S e c u rit y M o d e C o m p le t e RRC
R R C /R A N A P

RANAP M AP 8 . U p d a te L o c a t io n MAP MAP MAP MAP

9 . In se rt S u b s c ribe r D a t a M AP 9 . A ck MAP 1 0 . U p d a te L o c a tio n A c k MAP PMM 1 1 . A t ta c h A c c e p t PM M

PMM UE

1 2 . A tt a c h C o m p le te

PM M SGSN HLR

RNC

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Intra-SGSN SRNC Relocation Procedure

UE N ode B S o u rce N ode B T a rg e t RNC S o u rce RNC T a rg et
1 . D ec ision to in itia te S RN S r eloca tion 2 . Up lin k S ign a llin g T ra n sfer In d ica tion

SG SN

R N SA P RANAP

RN SA P RA N A P RA N A P

3. Re loca tion R eq u ire d 4 . R eloca tion R equ est RANA P

5 . R a d io L in k S etu p Req u est N BA P NBAP 6. R a dio L in k Setup R esp on se NBAP NBAP

7 . A L C A P Iub D a ta T ra n sp ort B ea rer S etu p 8 . D ow n lin k a n d u plin k syn ch ron isa tion N BA P 9 . R eloca tion R equ est A ck RANA P RANAP RANAP R N SA P 1 0. R eloca tion C om m a n d RA N A P 11 . Reloca tion C om m it R N SA P 1 2 . R eloca tion D ete ct RAN AP 1 3 . R a d io L in k F a ilu re In d ica tion NBAP 14 . R N T I R ea lloca tion RRC 15 . R N T I R ea lloca tion C om p lete R RC RRC RRC 1 6 . R eloca tion C om p lete RAN AP RANAP 17 . Iu R elea se C om m a n d RANA P RA N A P N BA P RANAP

NBAP

UE

N ode B S o u rc e

N ode B T a rg et

RNC S o u rc e

RNC T a rg et

SG SN

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Inter-SGSN SRNC Relocation Procedure

UE
Source RNC Target RNC Old SGSN New SGSN

GGSN

1. Decision to perform SRNS relocation

2. Relocation Required

RANAP

RANAP
3. Forward Relocation Request

GTP RANAP
4. Relocation Request Establishment of Radio Access Bearers 4. Relocation Request Acknowledge

GTP RANAP

RANAP GTP
6. Relocation Command

RANAP
5. Forward Relocation Rsp

GTP

RANAP
7. Forwarding of data

RANAP RNSAP RNSAP RANAP

9. Relocation Detect

RNSAP RNSAP

8. Relocation Commit

RANAP
11. Update PDP Context Request

RRC RRC

10. RAN Mobility Information 10. Confirm

RRC RRC

GTP
11. Response

GTP GTP

GTP
12. Relocation Complete

RANAP

RANAP GTP

12. Forward Relocation Complete

GTP GTP
13. Iu Release Command 12. Ack

GTP

RANAP
13. Complete

RANAP RANAP
Target RNC Old SGSN New SGSN

RANAP UE
Source RNC

GGSN

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Branch Addition Procedure

UE N od e B RNC
D ecisio n to setu p n ew R L N BAP 1 . R ad io Lin k S etu p R eq u est NBAP

S tart R X 2 . R ad io L in k S e tup R esp o n se NBAP 3 . A LC A P Iub B ea rer S etup NBAP

D C H -F P

4 . D o w n lin k S yn chro nisa tio n

D C H -F P

5 . U p lin k S ynch ro nisatio n D C H -F P S tart T X 6 . A ctiv e S e t U p d ate { D C C H : A ctive S et U p d ate} 7 . A ctiv e S e t U p d ate C o m p lete RRC {D C C H : A ctive S et U p d a te C o m p lete} RRC D C H -F P

RRC

RRC

UE

Node B

RNC

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Routing Area Update Procedure

MS Node B
1-3: RRC Connection Establishment RRC 4: Routeing Area Update Request
RRC/RANAP

RNC

SGSN

RANAP

5: Security Mode Command RANAP RANAP RRC RRC 6: Security Mode Command 7: Security Mode Complete RRC RRC 8: Sec Mode Compl RANAP RRC RRC 9: Routeing Area Update Accept
RRC/RANAP

RANAP RANAP RANAP

10: Routeing Area Update Complete

RRC/RANAP

11-12: RRC Connection Release

MS

Node B

RNC

SGSN

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Service Request Procedure

UE RNC SGSN HLR GGSN
1. RRC Connection Request 1. RRC Connection Setup 2. Service Request 3. Security Functions 4. Service Accept 4. RAB Assignment Request 5. RB Setup 6. RB Setup Complete 6. RAB Assignment Response 7. SGSN-Initiated PDP Context Modification 8. Uplink PDU

UE

RNC

SGSN

HLR

GGSN

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Paging Procedure
UE NODE B
A) UE is in IDLE mode 2. PCCH: Paging Type I RRC RRC 1. Paging RANAP RANAP

RNC

RNC

MSC

B) UE is in URA connected mode or in Cell_PCH RRC state 2. Paging Request RNSAP 3. PCCH: Paging Type I RRC 3. PCCH: Paging Type I RRC RRC

RANAP

1. Paging RANAP

RNSAP

RRC

C) UE is in cell connected mode with existing DCCH RRC 2. DCCH: Paging Type 2

RANAP

1. Paging RANAP

RRC

UE

NODE B

RNC

RNC

MSC

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