naXoer OmD$Z H$m` {_iV§ ? H$m` hadV§?

- S>m°. O`§V ZmairH$a / S>m°. _§Jb ZmairH$a

_mYdamd ñdV: ~è`mn¡H$s hþema. na§Vw _o{S>H$b qH$dm B§{O{ZA[a¨Jgma»`m H$mog©bm Z OmD$ eH$bobo. Mma
nmM ^md§S> Am{U _Ü__dJu` gmY Hw$Qw>§~. Ë`m_wio ~r. Eg² gr. Z§Va _°ZoO_|Q>Mm H$mog© H$ê$Z ImOJr joÌmV
ZmoH$ar H$ê$Z A{gñQ>§Q> _°ZoOaÀ`m hþÚmdê$Z _moR>çm H§$nZrVyZ {Zd¥Îm Pmbo. Ë`m§Zm XmoZM _wbo. _moR>r _wbJr
aí_r Va YmH$Q>m amOrd. XmoKohr hþema. aí_r, E_². Eg² gr, Pmbr Va amOrdbm B§{O{ZAa ìhm`M§ hmoV§.
~mamdrbm {eH$dÊ`m R>odyZ CÎm_ JwU {_idyZ Ë`mZo B§{O{ZA[a¨Jbm àdoe {_idbm, V|ìhm Ë`mÀ`m~amo~aM Ë`mÀ`m
AmB©d{S>bm§Zmhr Iyn AmZ§X Pmbm. aí_rbm S>m°ŠQ>a Zdam {_imbm. eaX Ë`m§À`m _m{hVrMm hmoVmM. Vmo E_². Eg²
gr. Mm Aä`mg H$aV AgVmZmM XmoKm§À`m AmB©-d{S>bm§Zr aí_r-eaXM§ b¾ H$ê$Z {Xb§. _wbJm B§{O{ZAa
hmoUma åhUyZ _mYdamd Am{U Ë`m§Mr nËZr A{^_mZmZo, AmZ§XmZo {_Ìn[admamV AmVm Mm§Jbrer gyZ AmUm`Mm
~oV gm§JV hmoVo. nU B§{O{ZA[a¨JÀ`m eodQ>À`m dfm©V AgVmZm amOrdZo Cƒ {ejUmgmR>r A_o[aHo$V OmÊ`mMm
~oV Ho$bm. Ë`mbm EH$m `w{Zìh{g©Q>rV Am{W©H$ _XVrgh àdoe {_imbmhr. àdmg^mS>§ XoÊ`mMr _mYdamdm§Mr V`mar
hmoVrM. nwÝhm EH$Xm A{^_mZmZo Ë`m§Mr N>mVr ^ê$Z Ambr. _wbmZo {ejUmV `e {_idyZ, naXoer OmÊ`mgmR>r
ñH$m°ba{en {_idyZ {nË`mÀ`m nwT>o nmD$b Q>mH$b§ hmoV§. nU ho nwT>o Q>mH$bobo nmD$b Ë`mbm Ë`mÀ`m AmB©-
~mnm§nmgyZ ~a§M bm§~ ZoUma hmoV§.
Am{W©H$ÑîQ>çm namdb§~r Z amhÊ`mBVH$s nw§Or, ñdV:Mm âb°Q> EdT>§ _mYdamdm§Zr O_m Ho$b§ hmoV§. nU
A_o[aHo$V E_². Eg². H$ê$Z {VWo WmoS>o {Xdg ZmoH$ar H$ê$Z Pmë`mda amOrd nwÝhm ^maVmV `oD$Z amhU§ H$R>rU
dmQy> bmJb§. Ë`mMm pìhgmMm àíZ gwQ>ë`mda Vmo ^maVmV `oD$Z AmB©-d{S>bm§Zr ng§V Ho$boë`m Mma _wbrVyZ
ñdV:bm AmdS>boë`m _wbrer b¾ H$ê$Z AmUIr H$mhr dfmªgmR>r nwÝhm A_o[aHo$V Jobm. AmB©-d{S>bm§À`m
ng§VrÀ`m, Amnë`m OmVrÀ`m _wbrer b¾ Ho$ë`m_wio AmB©-d{S>bm§Mr VH«$ma Agm`M§ H$maU ZìhV§. ~{hUrMr
n°Wm°bm°Or b°~, _ohþÊ`mM§ gO©arVb§ H$m¡eë`, `m§Mr àe§gm H$ê$Z N>moQ>çm ^mÀ`mbm T>rJ^a AmYw{ZH$ IoiUr d
H$nS>o XoD$Z Ë`mZo Iyf Ho$b§ hmoV§. A_o[aHo$Vb§ Ë`mM§ Ka, {VWb§ dmVmdaU nmhm`bm, _mYdamd, _mbVr~mB©
XmoZ _{hZo OmD$Z Amë`m. {VWyZ Amë`mda _mÌ amOrd naV H$m `oV Zmhr, Vo Ë`m§Zm g_Ob§ hmoV§. _wbmÀ`m
`emZo AmÎmmn`ªV gXm hþaiyZ OmUmar, A{^_mZmZo Ë`mM§ H$m¡VwH$ H$aUmar Ë`mMr AmB© Oam {IÞ {Xgy bmJbr.
hiyhiy aí_r d eaX XoIrb A_o[aHo$V OmÊ`mM _mJ© emoYV AmhoV ho Ë`m§À`m bjmV Amb§. Amnbr Vê$U {nT>r
nmíMmË` OJmH$S>o H$m bmo^mdVo, {VWoM amhUo H$m ng§V H$aVo ho WmoS>§ WmoS>§ H$iV AgyZhr _mYdamdm§Zm
AmdS>V, ng§V nS>V ZìhV§. Aem àH$maMo H$m¡Qw>§{~H$ g§Kf© AmVm {H$Ë`oH$ KamVyZ {XgVmV. H$mhr doim Vê$U
_§S>ir Cƒ {ejUmZ§Va _m`Xoer naVyZ ì`dgm` qH$dm ZmoH$ar H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmV. nU Ë`mVbo ~aoMgo
XmoZ-Mma dfm©Z§Va nwÝhm A_o[aHo$Mm añVm YaVmV. Ag§ H$m hmoV§ EdT>çm _moR>çm à_mUmda ? àíZ _moR>m JhZ
AgyZ H$maU§hr ~arM AmhoV. Xmof Hw$R>ë`mhr EH$m ì`º$sda qH$dm EH$mM Jmoï>rH$S>o Zmhr. IynM pŠbï>
H$maU_r_m§gm Amho. H$moU ~amo~a H$moU MyH$ ho R>adVmM `oV Zmhr.

_m°Q>©JoOda åhUOo hßË`m§À`m ñdê$nmV n¡go XoÊ`mM§ H$m hmoB©Zm nU ñdV:M§ Ka. EH$ qH$dm XmoZ JmS>çm, CÎm_
ahmUr - \«$sO, \$moZ, BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ dñVy, CÎm_ AÞ d H$nS>o `m§Mr gw~Îmm ho gJi§`m Vê$U _§S>itZm ^maVmV
MQ>H$Z² {_iob? ñdV:Mm ì`dgm` H$am`Mm Agbm, H$ï> ¿`m`Mr V`mar Agbr Var g§YrMr Xw{_©iVm, doJdoJio
nadmZo {_idVmZm H$amdr bmJUmar bmMbwMnV, emim§_Ü`o _wbm§Zm àdoe Agmo qH$dm \$moZ, J°g `m§Mr
H$ZoŠeZ²g {_idÊ`mM§ H$m_ Agmo, d{ebo~mOrMm AZw^d, Mm§Jë`m ZmoH$è`m§gmR>r àM§S> ñnYm©, ewÕ hdm, nmUr,
H$MamnÅ>rMo àíZ ho gJi§ nmíMmË` OJmV gVmdV Zmhr. A_o[aHo$V ñWm{`H$ hmoUmè`m§Zm Xmof XoÊ`mnydu
^maVmVhr bhmZ IoS>çmVyZ _moR>çm ehamV `oUmao {dÚmWu Cƒ{e{jV Pmë`mda ehamV amhU§ H$m ng§V H$aVmV
`mMm {dMma H$am`m. Jmdr naV OmD$Z H$ƒoañVo, A^mdmZo AgUmar qH$dm {_U{_UVr drO, ZimVyZ `oUma§ ewÕ
nmUr Z {_iU§, H$ƒr Ka§, AZoH$Xm S´>oZoOgma»mm ehar gw{dYm§Mm A^md `m gJù`m§Mm gm_Zm H$aV bhmZ
IoS>oJmdmV OmD$Z amhÊ`mMr Y_H$ {H$VrOU XmIdVmV ? AWm©V `m XmoÝhr CXmhaUmV EH$ _yb^yV \$aH$ Amho.
IoS>oJmdmVyZ ehamV `oUmam _mUyg ahmUr ~Xbbr Var Amnë`mM XoemV, gmYmaU Amnë`mM g§ñH¥$VrÀ`m
bmoH$mV amhVmo. _ZmV `oB©b V|ìhm IoS>oJmd-eha hm àdmg H$ê$ eH$Vmo. Amnë`m _wbm§nmgyZ, AmB©-d{S>bm§nmgyZ
àË`jmV d ^mdZoZohr VwQy>Z OmV Zmhr. _wb§ A_o[aHo$V ñWm{`H$ Pmbr Am{U AmB©-d{S>bm§Zm Ë`m§À`mOdi amhU§
eŠ` Zgb§ qH$dm naXoer amhU§ AmdS>V Zgb§ Va Vr _wb§ AmB©-~mnm§nmgyZ VwQ>ë`mgmaIrM hmoVmV. ^maVmVM
BVaÌ ahmU§ ho Ë`m_mZmZo \$ma doJi§ dmQ>V§.

nmíMmË` OJmV ñWm{`H$ hmoUmè`m§Zm _wb§ hmoD$Z Vr {VWo dmTy> bmJbr H$s _J _mÌ XwYm-_YmÀ`m ZÚm
dmhUmè`m Ë`m XoemVbo H$mQ>ohr ~>moMy bmJVmV. _wb§ OdiOdi nyU© nmíMmË` g§ñH¥$VrV dmT>VmV. Ë`m§Mo AmB©-
d{S>b ñdV:À`m AmB©-d{S>bm§nmgyZ ^md{ZH$ ÑîQ>çm ^md{ZH$ ÑîQ>çm OodT>o bm§~ Ambo Ë`mhrnojm Ë`m§Mr hr _wb§
Ë`m§À`mnmgyZ bm§~ OmVmV. Vr gm§ñH¥${VH$ ÑîQ>çm nyU© ^maVr` hmoD$M eH$V ZmhrV. nmíMmË` g_mOmV ^bo
_mZmZ§ dmJdbobo Agbmo Var AmnU Cnao AmhmoV ho g§doXZerb bmoH$m§Zm OmUdy bmJV§. {edm` nmíMmË` OJmV
Jmoè`m H$mVS>rbm A{YH$ _mZ Amho ho OmUdy bmJV§. dmñV{dH$ A_o[aHo$gma»`m ñnYm©Ë_H$ JwUdÎmobm _mZ
XoUmè`m XoemVhr ^oX^md Ho$bm OmVmo `mMr OmUrd hiyhiy hmoD$ bmJVo. AmnU Om°Zpñ_Wnojm H$m§H$U^a
OmñVM H$V¥©ËddmZ Agbmo Var Ë`mMo à_moeZ Amnë`m AmYr Pmbobo nmhÿZ amOrdbm amJ Am{U jmo^ hmoUo
gmh{OH$ Amho. nU ^maVmV AgoM MmbVo. {ZXmZ BWo gw~Îmm Var Amho Ago åhUyZ Vmo Amnbo g_mYmZ H$ê$Z
KoVmo. _mÌ Ag§VmofmMm hm AZw^d qH${MV doJù`m N>Q>m§Mm AgVmo. Amnë`m XoemV AmnU hdoVgo Ma\$Sy> eH$Vmo.
BWo AmnU Cnao AmhmoV, EH$m R>am{dH$ _`m©Xon{bH$S>o OmD$ eH$V Zmhr, `mMr OmUrd gVV hmoV amhVo. _wbm§Zm
ghOr CnbãY AgUmao S´>½O, S>oqQ>JgmaIo [admO, d¥Õm§M§ EH$Q>onU `m Jmoï>r ghZ H$amì`m bmJVmV. EH$sH$S>o
Á`m§Mr _wb§ A_o[aHo$V ñWm{`H$ Pmbr, Vo AmB©~mnhr EH$Q>o, Am{W©H$ÑîQ>çm ñdmdb§~r AgyZhr ZmVd§S>m§Mr
dma§dma ^oQ> Z {_iU§, _wbm§Mm ghdmg Z {_iU§, `m_wio Oam Xw:Ir hmoVmV. Ë`m§Zr ñdV:bm a_dÊ`mgmR>r H$mhr
N>§X qH$dm H$m_ H$aU§ Oê$arM§ AgV§. XmoKm§n¡H$s EH$ H$mbde Pmë`mg Cabob§ d¥Õ _mUyg \$maM EH$mH$s hmoD$
eH$V§. AWm©V² naXoer OmD$Z ahmU§ AmVm AmUIrZM H$R>rU Pmbob§ AgV§.

`mgJù`m n[apñWVrda `mo½` Cnm` emoYU§ H$R>rU Amho. àË`oH$mZ§ {dMmanyd©H$ Vmo emoYm`bm hdm. _wbm§Zm
hm¡goZo naXoer nmR>dUmè`m AmB©-d{S>bm§Zr, VgoM naXoer ñWm{`H$ hmoD$ BpÀN>Umè`m, ^maVmV dmT>boë`m Vê$U
Vê$UtZr ñdV:bm H$mhr àíZ {dMmê$Z à_m{UH$nUo Ë`m§Mr CÎmao emoYmdrV Ag§ _bm dmQ>V§.

_wbm§Zm naXoer Cƒ {ejUmgmR>r OmÊ`mg àmoËgmhZ XoUmè`m AmB©-d{S>bm§gmR>r àíZ -

1. naXoemV, Amnë`m VwbZoZo Iyn gw~ÎmoV am{hë`mda _wbm§Zm nwÝhm ^maVmV ahmdg§ dmQ>ob `mMr Hw$UrM ImÌr
XoD$ eH$V Zmhr. _wb§ naXoer ñWm{`H$ hmoÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm ñdrH$mabr Amho Zm ?
2. A{YH$ _hËdmMm àíZ - _wb§ naXoer (qH$dm XoemVM nU Iyn Xya) am{hbr Va AmnU Amnbm d¥ÕmnH$mi
ñdV§ÌnUo, ñdV:À`m O~m~Xmarda {Z^mdy eHy$? doi CÎm_ OmÊ`mgmR>r Mm§Jbo N>§X, Ponob Aem H$m_mMr jo̧
CnbãY AmhoV ?

naXoer Cƒ {ejUmgmR>r OmUmè`m§gmR>r àíZ-

1. naXoer ñWm{`H$ hmoÊ`mMr g§Yr emoYUma ?
2. ^maVmV naV OmÊ`mMr BÀN>m Agë`mg, ^maVmV `oD$Z Cn`wº$ H$m_ H$aVm `oB©b Agm Aä`mgH«$_
{ZdS>bm Amho H$m ?
Vw_À`mda ^maVr` g§ñH¥$VrMo OodT>o g§ñH$ma Pmbo VodT>o, Vwåhr naXoemV ñWm{`H$ Pmë`mda Vw_À`m _wbm§da
hmoUma ZmhrV. nmíMmË` OJmV _wbm§Zm S´>½O, S>oqQ>J d EHy$U gd© àH$maMo ñdmV§Í` `m§Mm n[aM` bdH$a hmoVmo.
^modVmbÀ`m g§ñH¥$Vrnojm doJir g§ñH¥$Vr Ë`m§À`da bmXVm `oV Zmhr ho _mÝ` Amho ? AWm©V² {VWohr gwg§ñH¥$V,
Aä`mgw, Mm§Jë`m gd`rMr _wb§ AgVmV, nU àbmo^Z§ ^anya AmhoV gË` Amho.
3. Amnë`mbm A_o[aHo$V Á`m {ejUmÀ`m Omoamda ZmoH$ar, n¡gm {_iVmo, Ë`mMm nm`m ^maVmV Pmbm Amho Am{U
`m Jar~ XoemÀ`m n¡emVyZ AmnU Amnbr JwUdÎmm dmT>dbr. lr_§V nmíMmË` XoemV H$m_§ H$ê$Z n¡go {_idVmZm,
Amnë`m Jar~ Xoembm Hw$R>ë`mVar _mJm©Z§ naV\o$S>> H$aU§ ho Vwåhmbm Amnb§ H$V©ì` dmQ>V§ ? Vo nwa§ H$g§ H$aVm
`oB©b `mMm {dMma H$aVm ?

Amnë`m AmB©-d{S>bm§Mr O~m~Xmar CMbUma H$m, Am{U H$er ho àíZ _r {dMmaUma Zmhr H$maU ^maVmV
amhÿZhr AmB©-d{S>bm§Mr O~m~Xmar A{O~mV Z nobUmar _wb§hr {XgVmV. _J hm àíZ \$º$ naXoer amhUmè`m
_wbm§Zm {dMmaU§ AàñVwV Amho.

eodQ>r naXoer Zer~ H$mT>Umao Am{U BWoM g§gmamMm JmS>m nwT>o aoQ>Umao `m§À`mV Vo Am{U AmnU Aer ImB©
AgÊ`mMo H$maU Zmhr. Amnë`m VrZ-Mma AmR>dS>çmÀ`m _m`Xoe `mÌoV Vo BWë`m n[a{ñWVrda Vm|S>gwI KoD$Z
hr ImB© {ZîH$maU dmT>dVmV. VgoM AmnU BVŠ`m gwpñWVrV Am{U BWo Amnbo {nMV nS>bobo ^mD$~§Y
H$V¥©ËdhrZ Agm g_O Ë`m§Zr H$ê$Z KoD$ Z`o. dmñV{dH$ BWë`m n[apñWVrbm Vm|S> XoV amhUo `mVbo
H$V¥©ËdXoIrb dmImUÊ`mOmoJo AgVo. Ë`mMà_mUo naXoemV {_idboë`m {_iH$VrMm Aënm§e Oar Ë`m§Zr
H¥$VkVoÀ`m ^mdZoZo BWë`m g_mOmÀ`m ^ë`mgmR>r bmdbm Var hr ImB© H$_r hmoB©b.

AmnUXoIrb Ho$di b§Ho$Vrb gmoÝ`mÀ`m {dQ>m§H$S>oM Ñï>r bmdyZ ~gbmo Va BWë`m XJS>{dQ>m§VyZ aMZmË_H$
{eëno H$moUr C^mam`Mr ? Bòm`bgma»`m XoemMo CXmhaU S>moù`mg_moa R>odyZ h_ ^r Hw$N> H$_ Zht Aem
^mdZoZo ñdH$V¥©Ëdmda BWoM BVŠ`m {~H$Q> n[apñWVrVyZ Zer~ H$mT>Umè`m§Mo AmnU H$m¡VwH$ Ho$bo nm{hOo.
naXoemVrb goH§$S> aoQ> {dÚmnrR>mV {Zìdi àmÜ`mnH$s H$ê$Z XoIrb gw~Îmm {_idUmè`mnojm BWo amhÿZ OmJ{VH$
_mÝ`Vm {_idUmam (nU Ka Am{U JmS>r Zgbobm ) A{YH$ Cƒ nmVirdaMm ho _yë`m§H$Z AmnU ñdV:M
H$am`bm {eH$bo nm{hOo. OrdZmV _hËdmÀ`m Jmoï>tMo H«$_ AmnU R>m_nUo bmdbo nm{hOoV.

(ñdag§Xoe 1996 `m _m{gH$mVyZ gm^ma)