Peran PO[U]SKESWAN dalam Surveilans Klinis

Penyakit Eksotik (Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku)

Pebi Purwo Suseno

 PO[U]SKESWAN

Memberikan pelayanan dibidang kesehatan

hewan terutama dalam menetapkan langkah :
penyehatan hewan, kesehatan masyarakat
veteriner, epidemiologi dan kesiagaan
darurat wabah, sistem informasi veteriner
serta dalam rangka memberikan pelayanan
jasa veteriner
 Eksotik Vs` Endemik

• Eksotik : PMK, VS, BSE

• Endemik : CSF, ND

Apa yang membedakannya?

 Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku

• Picornaviridae
– Apthovirus
• Highly contagious
– Direct and indirect contact
– Ingestion/swill feeding
– Airborne/inhalation
• Persistence
– Carrier state (Cattle, sheep,
buffalo)
http://alleffgroup.com/avisfmd/
• Survival
– Temperature
– Ph (optimal 7.4-7.6)
– Environment
World Distribution
FMD Free Country
Regional Situation of FMD

Abila & Forman (2006)

Regional Situation of FMD (2007)
 Sumber/faktor Risiko

• Satwa liar • Materi genetik

• Airborne (semen-embrio)
• Hewan hidup • Vaksin
• Daging • Penyebaran alami
• Sisa makanan • Pakan ternak
(pesawat/kapal • Susu
laut) • Lainnya???
• Bioterorisme • Legal/Ilegal??
GAMBARAN KLINIS
 Vesicular
Foot & Mouth Vesicular Swine Vesicular
Exanthema of
Disease Stomatitis Disease
Swine

Clinical Signs All vesicular diseases produce a fever with vesicles that progress to erosions in
by Species the mouth, nares, muzzle, teats, and feet

Oral & hoof lesions,

Vesicles in oral cavity,
salivation, drooling,
mammary glands,
Cattle lameness, abortions,
coronary bands,
Not affected Not affected
death in young animals,
interdigital space
Disease Indicators

Severe hoof lesions, Severe signs in

hoof sloughing, snout animals housed on Deeper lesions with
Pigs vesicles, less severe Same as cattle concrete; lameness, granulation tissue
oral lesions: salivation, neurological formation on the feet
Amplifying Hosts signs, younger more
severe

Sheep & Mild signs if any; Rarely show signs Not affected Not affected
Goats Maintenance Hosts

Most severe with oral

Horses, and coronary band
Donkeys, Not affected vesicles, drooling, rub Not affected Not affected
Mules mouths on objects,
lameness
Gambaran Klinis
Gambaran Klinis
Gambaran Klinis
Gambaran Klinis
Gambaran Klinis
Gambaran Klinis
Gambaran Klinis
 Diagnosa Banding

• Pada Babi
– Vesicular stomatitis,Swine vesicular disease,
Vesicular exanthema, Foot rot, Chemical and
thermal burns
• Pada Sapi
– Rinderpest, IBR, BVD, MCF, Bluetongue
• Pada Kambing/domba
– BT
PMK atau penyakit lain?
 Cara memilih sampel

• Pada lesi (lesions)

– Tempat adanya agen penyakit!

• Pikirkan tentang sistem tubuh yang terlibat

(Think about the body system involved)

• Kirimkan jaringan untuk histologi dan

pemeriksaan virus secara terpisah
 Hal yang Perlu Diperhatikan

• Mengambil sampel hewan yang

representatif

• Mengambil sampel beberapa hewan

– Serologi

• Mengambil sampel hewan sakit

 PO[U]SKESWAN!

• Memberikan konsultasi veteriner dan penyuluhan

• Pelaporan penyakit

• Melakukan pengambilan spesimen untuk peneguhan

diagnosa

• Melaporkan wabah penyakit hewan di wilayah kerjanya

• Melakukan langkah kesiagaan darurat wabah

“The only source of knowledge is experiences”
[Albert Einstein]
 Lets keep Indonesia
free from foot and mouth
disease