‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬

‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫‪ 10‬ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻥﺕ‬

‫ﳌﺎﺫﺍ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ؟‬

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺟﻤﻴﻌ ﺎً ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍً ﻭﻗﺼﺼ ﺎً ﻧﻮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺮﻭﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺤﻜﻲ ﻗﺼﺼﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻫﺎﻣﺎ ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻮ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻫﻲ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺸﺮﺡ ﻟﻚ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﻼﻭﺗﻬﺎ‪ -‬ﺗﻼﻭﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﻧﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﻋﺪﻡ‬
‫ﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﺃﻱ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ‪ .‬ﻓﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻧﺤﻤﻲ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﺠﺪ ﺍﳌﺸﻮﺭﺓ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪.‬‬

‫"ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺪﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺤﻮﺍ ﺻﺤﻔﻴﲔ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﲔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ"‬

‫ﻭﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻬﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺁﻻﻑ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻚ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﻧﻮﻥ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫ﳑﻦ ﻳﻌﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﳑﻦ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ‪،‬ﻣﺜﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻢ ﺭﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﲢﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺠﺢ ﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻌﻚ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﻭ ﻳﺼﺪﻗﻮﻧﻚ ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺠﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺩﻋﻤﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﲢﻘﻖ ﻫﺬﺍ؟‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ؟‬

‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺳﻬﻞ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻭ ﲡﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺘﻚ ﻭ ﻧﺄﻣﻞ ﺃﻥ ﲤﻨﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻟﻬﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﲢﻤﻲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺘﻚ ﻭ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻘﺐ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﺘﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺘﻚ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻫﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﻧﻴﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‪:‬‬

‫‪http://blogs.albawaba.com‬‬

‫‪http://www.wordpress.com‬‬

‫‪http://www.blogspot.com‬‬

‫‪http://www.livejournal.com‬‬

‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻨﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪http://www.rsf.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=542‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ؟‬

‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺮ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﲟﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﺻﻮﺕ ﳌﺠﺘﻤﻌﻚ ﻭﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻫﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻚ ﻫﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ .‬ﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺮﺡ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ﺃﺿﻒ ﺻﻮﺭ ﻭﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮﻙ‪.‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﺍﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺛﻢ ﲢﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺩﻗﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ﲢﻤﻴﻞ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺗﻴﺔ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﻨﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻧﺼﺪﻕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺃﻱ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﺘﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺻﺘﻬﻢ ﻟﺘﻘﺪﱘ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﺃﺷﺮﺡ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﲟﺼﺪﺍﻗﻴﺘﻚ ﺳﻴﻌﺎﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻚ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﻓﺘﻀﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﲢﺖ ﻓﺌﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﲢﺖ ﻓﺌﺔ ﺭﺃﻳﻚ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮﻙ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺟﻴﺪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻠﻘﻂ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪.‬ﻭﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ ﺍﳌﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً‬
‫ﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﻗﺼﺘﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺗﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﺳﺘﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻘﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺗﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﳉﺬﺏ ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺗﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻮﺭﺩ ﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻮﻳﻖ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺒﻂ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺩﺗﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻬﺘﻤﲔ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﳝﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻹﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻣﻬﺘﻤﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﻛﻼً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﻔﺔ‪ .‬ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ؛ ﺑﺠﻤﻞ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺍﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﲟﺸﻬﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﻗﺼﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ "ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ"‪.‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫‪http://riverbendblog.blogspot.com‬‬

‫ﻫﻞ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﻳﻜﺎﺗﻴﺮ؟ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻫﻲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻼﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻞ ﻟﺘﻘﺪﱘ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺪﻳﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﻨﻲ ﻗﺼﺘﻚ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺎً ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‪ :‬ﻗﺼﺺ ﻭ ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭﺃﺟﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺗﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﻟﺘﻼﻭﺓ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺃﻱ ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻗﻮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪http://www.flickr.com‬‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﲡﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﺴﺘﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ؟‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﳉﺬﺏ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻔﺤﲔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﳝﻜﻨﻜﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺻﻨﻊ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ‪ .‬ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﺧﺬﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻧﺸﺮ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻨﺎﺗﻚ ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﻮﻟﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﲟﺪﻭﻧﺘﻚ‪ .‬ﺩﻋﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺟﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺯﻣﻼﺋﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤﺎﻓﻴﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻀﻌﻮﺍ ﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﳌﺪﻭﻧﺘﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻔﺤﲔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺘﻚ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺿﻒ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺘﻚ ﺍﻟﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ‬

‫‪www.technorati.com, www.itoot.net‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺘﻚ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﻧﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻭﺿﺢ ﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﺃﺿﻒ ﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻭ ﻹﻗﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﺍﻧﻚ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻕ ﻓﻴﻪ‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔً ﺳﻴﻌﺘﻤﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻛﻦ‬
‫ﺻﺮﻳﺤﺎً ﻭ ﻋﺎﺩﻻً ﻭ ﻗﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻭﺿﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﺘﺒﻪ ﻭ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺿﻊ ﺧﺎﲤﺔ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﻧﻪ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﺆﻛﺪ ﻟﻠﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻫﻢ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻮﺍ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﻫﻢ ﺑﺄﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻧﻚ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻈﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﳑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻋﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ‪.‬ﺃﺳﺘﻌﲔ ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪﺍً ﻭ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻐﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻛﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺻﻨﻊ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺤﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻭ ﲢﻠﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﻋﻘﻠﻚ ﻣﺘﻔﺘﺤﺎً ﻭ ﻣﺮﻧﺎَ ﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺒﻨﻴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻ ﺗﺴﻲﺀ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ ﺑﲔ ﺯﻣﻼﺋﻚ ﺑﻨﺸﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺮ ﻭ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﺳﻠﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ‪ :‬ﻫﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﻋﺎﺩﻝ ﻭﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻮﻕ؟ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻼﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮ؟‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﲢﻤﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﻭ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ؟‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻚ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻌﻈﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﺬﻝ ﻗﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺟﻬﺪﻧﺎ ﻟﻨﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺄﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺇﻧﺼﺎﻑ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻚ ﺗﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺻﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻙ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﳋﻔﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﳑﻜﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻬﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪:‬‬

‫‪http://www.eff.org/Privacy/Anonymity/blog-anonymously.php‬‬

‫‪http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/?p=125‬‬

‫‪http://anoniblog.pbwiki.com/ArabicAnonymousBloggingGuide‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻻ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﳋﻔﺎﺀ)ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﻣﻠﻴﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻗﺐ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻔﻴﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺑﺄﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻫﻢ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﺄﻋﻤﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺗﻜﺸﻒ ﻫﻮﻳﺘﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺘﻚ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻮﻣﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻘﻬﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺘﻜﺮ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺮ ﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﲢﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺨﺒﺮ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺮ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻣﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﻬﻰ ﺍﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻛﺪ ﺍﻧﻚ ﻗﻤﺖ ﺑﺘﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺼﻔﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺆﻗﺘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺯ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻣﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ ﺑﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﲢﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻣﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬

‫‪http://netsecurity.about.com/cs/generalsecurity/a/aa112103b.htm‬‬

‫‪http://netsecurity.about.com/cs/generalsecurity/a/aa112103b.htm‬‬

‫‪http://www.thebitmill.com/articles/password_tips.html‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺮﺿﻚ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ؟‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤﻔﻴﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﻧﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻳﻮﻣﻲ ﻭﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻴﺘﻢ ﺇﺑﻼﻍ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﺇﺫﺍ ﰎ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﻟﻚ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪﻙ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺖ ﺑﺄﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﻚ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺍﺧﺒﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﲡﺎﻫﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‪ .‬ﺃﻧﺖ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﺯﻣﻼﺋﻚ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻼ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﻬﻢ ﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ‪.‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻧﻪ ﳝﻜﻦ ﲡﻨﺐ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺤﺎﺩﺛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻔﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﻧﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺑﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﳝﻜﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺸﺊ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻣﲔ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﳝﻴﲔ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﳑﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻠﺪﻙ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻻ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﲡﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﻙ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺃﻭﺳﻊ‪.‬‬

‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺮﺅﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﻢ ﻛﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ‪.‬ﻭ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﺍﻓﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻴﲔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﳝﻴﲔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺟﻴﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﳌﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺘﻚ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﲢﻤﻴﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺜﻴﺮ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻟﻚ ﳑﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺮﻳﺘﻚ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﺍﺕ ﺿﺪﻙ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ‪:‬‬

‫‪Reporters Without Borders‬‬

‫‪Committee to Protect Journalists‬‬

‫‪Amnesty International‬‬

‫‪Human Rights Watch‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﺳﻨﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻻﺣﻘﺎً ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻚ ﻛﺼﺤﻔﻲ ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻟﺘﺠﻨﺐ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﺍﻗﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺖﻙ‬

‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻧﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻫﻞ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﻓﻀﻊ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺳﻤﻌﺘﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺫﻫﻨﻚ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻ ﺗﺘﺴﺮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻛﺪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻚ‬
‫ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﲟﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺠﻨﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﻋﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪:‬‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﲢﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻚ؟‬

‫ﻫﻞ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺎً؟‬

‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺗﻔﺮﺽ ﻗﻴﻮﺩﺍً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﻙ؟‬

‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ "ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ" ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺑﺎﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﺧﻴﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻫﻞ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺑﺼﻨﻊ ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﺫﻥ؟ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻣﺎ ﳒﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﻲ ﺑﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ"ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﻳﺔ"‪.‬‬

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‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﺳﻴﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺋﻚ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻞ‬
‫ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭﻙ؟ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺧﻄﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﺍﺀ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﻻ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺱ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻌﺘﺰﻡ ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺴﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﳊﺮﺹ‪ .‬ﻓﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻣﻌﺘﺪﻝ‬
‫ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺻﻮﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻨﻮﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ﻧﺎﺷﻂ ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺳﻴﺆﺛﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺳﺘﺪﻓﻌﻪ؟‬

‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﻴﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺊ ﻟﺴﻤﻌﺔ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﺟﺪﺍً ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﻙ؟ ﺍﻟﻘﺬﻑ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻬﺠﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻤﻌﺔ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺬﻝ ﻗﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺟﻬﺪﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳋﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻠﺘﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﺴﺐ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﳌﺼﺪﺭﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﻋﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻧﻚ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﳊﺰﺏ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻨﺎً ﺃﻣﺲ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﳌﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﻕ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻻً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺗﺸﻬﻴﺮ ﻷﻧﻚ ﺫﻛﺮﺕ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺿﻔﺖ ﺭﺩ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﺘﺒﲔ ﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺘﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺰﻳﻬﺎً‪ .‬ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﻧﺨﻄﺊ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﳌﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﺗﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﻬﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﺃﻳﺔ ﺷﻜﻮﻙ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﺘﺒﻪ ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺰﻋﻮﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺨﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﻋﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﺣﺴﻦ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺬﻝ‬
‫ﻗﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺟﻬﺪﻙ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻦ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻚ‪ .‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺭﺩ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺜﺮﺕ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‪ .‬ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﳋﺒﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺼﻨﻌﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

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‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺟﺮﳝﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺰﺍﺯ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻜﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﳑﺎ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻐﺐ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺭﺃﻱ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﲟﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﺐ ﻭﺗﺘﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺗﻬﻤﻮﺍ ﺑﺈﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻐﺐ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ‪:‬‬

‫‪Article 19‬‬

‫‪Electronic Frontier Foundation‬‬

‫‪IJNet‬‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻚ؟‬

‫ﻳﻜﻤﻦ ﺳﺤﺮ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﺩﺛﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻚ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻭﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﺄﺳﺮﻩ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺣﲔ ﺗﺴﺄﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻦ ﺁﺭﺍﺀﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻧﻚ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮﻧﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﲢﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺠﺐ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﻴﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﺎﺀﺓ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﻌﻮﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺆﺫﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﻨﺖ‬
‫ﺣﺬﺭ ﻭﺍﺗﺒﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺑﺤﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻖ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎً ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻣﻌﻚ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﺘﺤﻀﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﲤﻨﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺑﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻦ ﻣﻬﺬﺑﺎً ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ‪،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺳﻴﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺑﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺤﺎﺩﺛﺔ ﻣﻬﺬﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ؟‬

‫ﳌﺎﺫﺍ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺷﺮﺍﻙ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ؟‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺼﺢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺧﺎﺻ ﺎً ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﲟﻔﺮﺩﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﲔ‪ .‬ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﻣﻌﲔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻮﻧﻚ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺫﻛﺮﻭﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﺛﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﲢﺮﺭ ﻭ ﲡﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪﻣﻮﻫﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻄﻮﻙ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ‪ .‬ﺭﲟﺎ ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﺒﺮﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﻓﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﻚ ﺑﺎﻧﺘﻈﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺨﺒﺮﻭﻙ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺳﻴﺠﻌﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﺪﺍً‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﺸﺠﻌﻬﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﻞ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﻚ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻝ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻜﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻲ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺧﻠﻖ ﻣﺤﺎﺩﺛﺎﺕ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻨﻴﺮﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/‬‬

‫ﳌﺎﺫﺍ ﻧﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﺼﻮﺗﻚ؟‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﻌﻴﺶ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﻌﻴﺶ ﲟﻔﺮﺩﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﲟﻔﺮﺩﻧﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﺣﺎﺟﺰ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺖ ﻭﻻ ﻧﺼﺒﺢ ﲟﻔﺮﺩﻧﺎ‪.‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺭﺟﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺨﺒﺮﻧﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺧﺒﺮﺗﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻀﻴﻒ ﻫﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﺃﺭﺟﻮ ﺃﻥ ﲡﻌﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻤﻠﻚ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎَ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬
International Center for Journalists
Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide

‫ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺓ‬

‫ﺣﺮﻕ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ‬
http://riverbendblog.blogspot.com/

‫ﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ‬
http://misrdigital.blogspirit.com/

‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﺳﻒ‬
http://mahmood.tv/

‫ﻋﺮﺑﺎﻭﻱ‬
http://arabist.net/arabawy/

‫ﻃﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﺼﻞ‬
http://zamakan.gharbeia.org/

‫ﻣﻨﺎﻝ ﻭﻋﻼﺀ‬
http://www.manalaa.net/

‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺃﺣﺠﻴﻮﺝ‬

http://mshjiouij.com/

: ‫ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬

http://bmadvice.blogspot.com

‫ﺁﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻳﺪﻙ ﺍﻹﻟﻴﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‬

http://gharbeia.net/ar/SecureYourEmail

‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺠﻬﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬

http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/blogs.pdf

1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530

Washington, DC 20006 USA www.icfj.org
International Center for Journalists
Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide

‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﻼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬

http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/censure.pdf

‫ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﳋﺒﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬

http://www.hrinfo.net/reports/net2004/adv.shtml

‫ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﻧﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬

http://wa7damasrya.blogspot.com/2007/05/blog-post_11.html

‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺣﺮ‬

http://www.openarab.net

1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530

Washington, DC 20006 USA www.icfj.org
‫‪International Center for Journalists‬‬
‫‪Advancing Quality Journalism Worldwide‬‬

‫ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻲﻝ‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﰎ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﻔﻴﲔ‪ .‬ﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺼﺤﻔﻴﲔ ﻭﻋﻦ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﻗﻢ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬

‫ﲤﺖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ "‪ 10‬ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ" ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺯﻣﻴﻞ ﻧﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﻴﻔﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﻜﻠﻦ‪ .‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺴﺘﻴﻔﻦ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪stevebey.wordpress.com‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻢ ﺯﻣﺎﻻﺕ ﻧﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﻔﻴﲔ ﻭﲤﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻮﻥ ﺱ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻴﻤﺲ ﻝ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪www.knight-international.org‬‬

‫‪1616 H Street, NW, Third Floor‬‬ ‫‪T 202.737.3700 F 202.737.0530‬‬

‫‪Washington, DC 20006 USA‬‬ ‫‪www.icfj.org‬‬