L thuyt c bn v thuc th (p dng phn bit v nhn bit cc cht)

Stt 1 2 Thuc th Qu tm Phenolphtalei n (khng mu) Nc(H2O) Dng nhn - Axit - Baz tan Baz tan Hin tng Qu tm ho Qu tm ho xanh Ho mu hng

- Cc kim loi mnh(Na, Ca, K, Ba) - Ccoxit ca kim loi mnh(Na2O, CaO, K2O, BaO) - P2O5 - Cc mui Na, K, - NO3

4 5

dung dch Kim dung dch axit - HCl, H2SO4 - HNO3, H2SO4 , n - HCl - H2SO4 Dung dch mui BaCl2, Ba(NO3)2, Ba(CH3COO)2 AgNO3 Pb(NO3)2

- Kim loi Al, Zn - Mui Cu - Mui = CO3, = SO3 - Kim loi ng trc H trong dy hot ng ca KL - Tan hu ht KL k c Cu, Ag, Au( ring Cu cn to mui ng mu xanh) - MnO2( khi un nng) AgNO3 CuO - Ba, BaO, Ba(OH)2, mui Ba Hp cht c gc = SO4 Hp cht c gc - Cl Hp cht c gc =S

H2 (c kh khng mu, bt kh bay ln).Ring Ca cn to dd c Ca(OH)2 Tan to dd lm qu tm ho . Ring CaO cn to dd c Ca(OH)2 - Tan to dd lm qu - Tan Tan + H2 bay ln C kt ta xanh lam Cu(OH)2 Tan + c bt kh CO2, SO2 bay ln Tan + H2 bay ln ( si bt kh) Tan v c kh NO2,SO2 bay ra Cl2 bay ra AgCl kt ta mu trng sa dd mu xanh BaSO4 kt ta trng BaSO4 trng AgCl trng sa PbS en

Nhn bit cc cht hu c Stt Cht cn nhn bit CH4 C2H4 C2H2 Ru etylic Axit axetic Thuc th Kh Cl2 Nc brom Nc brom Na Qu tm, CaCO3 Hin tng Kh clo mt mu, khi c giy qu tm tm t Mt mu vng Mt mu vng Si bt kh khng mu Qu tm , vi tan v c bt kh

Glucoz Tinh bt

AgNO3 trong ddNH3 Iot

C bc sng bm vo thnh ng nghim H tinh bt c xut hin mu xanh

Nhn bit mt s loi cht

ST T 1

Cht cn nhn bit Na, K( kim loi kim ho tr 1) Ba(ho tr 2) Ca(ho tr 2)

Thuc th +H2O t chy quan st mu ngn la +H2O +H2O t chy quan st mu ngn la + dd NaOH +HNO3 c ngui + ddHCl + HNO3 c + AgNO3 t chy t chy t chy +H2O +H2O Na2CO3 +H2O + dd HCl ( H2SO4 loang)

Hin tng tan + dd trong c kh H2 bay ln mu vng(Na) mu tm (K) tan + dd trong c kh H2 bay ln tan +dd c + H2 mu lc (Ba) mu (Ca) tan v c kh H2 Al khng phn ng cn Zn c phn ng v c kh bay ln tan v c H2( ring Pb c PbCl2 trng) tan + dd mu xanh c kh bay ln tan c Ag trng bm vo to SO2 mi hc to P2O5 tan trong H2O lm lm qu tm ho CO2lm c dd nc vi trong dd trong sut lm qu tm ho xanh tan + dd c Kt ta CaCO3 dd lm qu tm ho dd mu xanh AgCl trng sa BaSO4 trng SO2 mi hc CO2 lm c dd Ca(OH)2 Ag3PO4 vng mu vng muiNa mu tm mui K Mg(OH)2 trng Fe(OH)2 trng lu trong khng kh to Fe(OH)3 nu Fe(OH)3 nu Al(OH)3 trng khi d NaOH s tan dn Cu(OH)2 xanh CaCO3 trng PbSO4 trng BaSO4 trng

Al, Zn Phn bit Al v Zn Cc kim loi t Mg Pb Kim loi Cu 2 S ( mu vng) P( mu ) C (mu en) Na2O, BaO, K2O CaO P2O5 CuO 4 Cc dung dch mui a) Nhn gc axit - Cl = SO4 = SO3 = CO3 PO4 b) Kim loi trong mui Kim loi kim Mg(II) Fe(II) Fe(III) Al(III) Cu(II) Ca(II) Pb(II) Ba(II)

+ AgNO3 +dd BaCl2, Ba(NO3)2,Ba(OH)2 + dd HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 + dd HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 + AgNO3 t chy v quan st mu ngn la + dd NaOH + dd NaOH + dd NaOH + dd NaOH (n d) + dd NaOH + dd Na2CO3 + H2SO4 Hp cht c gc SO4

Bng nhn bit cc cht kh

Cht H2 Cl2 HCl (kh) H2S (kh) SO2 SO3 CO2 NH3 NO2 NO O2 O3 H2O (hi) CO N2 Khng mu, khng mi Khng mu, khng mi Khng mu, khng mi CuSO4 khan,khng mu Bt CuO Que dim ang chy c im Khng mu, khng mi Thuc th Bt CuO, t o t chy Mu vng lc. Mi hc, Dung dch KI pha h tinh bt xc Dung dch AgNO3 Khng mu, mi hc, xc NH3 Dung dch AgNO3 Khng mu, mi trng thi Dung dch Pb(NO3)2 Dung dch Cd(NO3)2 Khng mu, mi hc, xc Dung dch Br2 (mu nu ) Nc vi trong Dung dch BaCl2 Khng mu, khng mi Dung dch Ba(OH)2, Ca(OH)2 Que dim ang chy Khng mu, mi khai Qu tm phenolphtalein Mu nu , mi hc, xc Dung dch kim (NaOH) Khng mu Khng mu, khng mi Khng mu, mi hc, xc Cho tip xc vi khng kh Que m tt Cu, nhit Dung dch KI+ h tinh bt Bt en bt Hin tng v phng trnh phn ng
CuO + H 2 t Cu + H 2 O
o

Git nc Xut hin mu xanh

Cl 2 + 2KI 2KCl + I 2 I2 + tinh bt

hin mu xanh

Kt ta AgCl Khi trng xut hin NH 3 + HCl NH 4 Cl C kt ta trng AgNO 3 + HCl AgCl +HNO 3 C kt ta en H 2S + Pb(NO 3 ) PbS +HNO 3 Kt ta CdS mu vng Mt mu nu SO 2 + Br2 + H 2O 2HBr + H 2SO 4 Kt ta BaSO4 Xut hin kt ta trng CO 2 + Ca(OH) Que dim tt Mu xanh Khng mu mu Mt mu Ha nu 2NO + O 2 2NO 2 Que m bng chy Bt bt en 2Cu + O 2 2CuO Xut hin mu xanh I2 + tinh bt hin mu xanh Ha xanh CuSO 4 + nH 2 O CuSO 4 .nH 2 O xanh t Bt en bt CuO + CO Cu + CO 2 Que dim tt
o

CaCO

+H 2 O

NO 2 + 2NaOH NaNO 3 + NaNO 2 + H 2 O

O3 + 2KI + H 2O I 2 + 2KOH + O 2

Bi 1: Ch c CO2 v H2O lm th no nhn bit c cc cht rn sau NaCl, Na2CO3, CaCO3, BaSO4. Trnh by cch nhn bit. Vit phng trnh phn ng. Bi 2: Tch 4 kim loi Ag, Al, Cu, Mg dng bt bng phng php ho hc. Bi 3: Dng thm mt thuc th hy tm cch nhn bit cc dung dch sau, mt nhn NH 4HSO4, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2, HCl, NaCl v H2SO4.

Nhn bit, tch, lm kh

Bi 4: Nhn bit cc dung dch sau NaHSO4, KHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2, Na2SO3, Ba(HCO3)2, bng cch un nng v cho tc dng ln nhau. Bi 5: 1. Ch dng dung dch H2SO4l (khng dng ho cht no khc k c nc) nhn bit cc kim loi sau Mg, Zn, Fe, Ba. 2. Hn hp A gm Na2CO3, MgCO3, BaCO3, FeCO3. Ch dng HCl v cc phng php cn thit trnh by cc iu ch tng kim loi. Bi 6: Hn hp X gm Al2O3, SiO3, SiO2. Trnh by phng php ho hc tch ring tng oxits ra khi hn hp. Bi 7: Hn hp A gm cc oxt Al2O3, K2O; CuO; Fe3O4. 1. Vit phng trnh phn ng phn t v ion rt gn vi cc dung dch sau: a. NaOH b. HNO3 c. H2SO4,nng 2. Tch ring tng oxt Bi 8: Tch cc cht sau ra khi hn hp ca chng: AlCl3; FeCl3 v BaCl2. Bi 9: C 3 l ho cht khng mu l NaCl, Na2CO3 v HCl. Nu khng dng thm ho cht no k c qu tm th c th nhn bit c khng. Bi 10: Ch dng qu tm hy phn bit cc dung dch sau: BaCl2; NH4Cl; (NH4)SO4; NaOH; Na2CO3 Bi 11: Ba cc ng 3 dung dch mt nhn gm FeSO4; Fe2(SO4)3 v MgSO4. Hy nhn bit. Bi 12: C 3 l ng hn hp dng bt (Al + Al2O3); (Fe + Fe2O3) v (FeO + Fe2O3). Bng phng php ho hc nhn bit chng. Bi 13: Tch cc kim loi Fe, Al, Cu ra khi hn hp ca chng. Bi 14: Hn hp A gm CuO, AlCl3, CuCl2 v Al2O3. Bng phng php ho hc hy tch ring tng cht tinh khit nguyn lng. Bi 15: Ch dng qu tm nhn bit 3 dung dch cng nng sau HCl, H2SO4 v NaOH. Bi 16: Cho cc ion sau: Na+, NH4+, Ba+, Ca2+, Fe3+, Al3+, K+, Mg2+, Cu2+, CO32+, PO42+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, Br-. Trnh by mt phng n la chn ghp tt c cc ion trn thnh 3 dung dch, mi dung dch c cation v 2 anion. Trnh by phng php ho hc nhn bit 3 dung dch ny. Bi 17: Hy tm cch tch ring cc cht trong hn hp gm CaCl2, CaO, NaCl tinh khin nguyn lng. Bi 18: C cc l mt nhn cha dung dch cc cht AlCl3, ZnCl2, NaCl, MgCl2. Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit, vit phng trnh phn ng. Bi 19: C mt hn hp rn gm 4 cht nh bi 18. Bng phng php ho hc hy tch cc cht ra, nguyn lng tinh khit. Bi 20: Lm th no tch ring 3 mun NaCl, MgCl2 v NH4Cl. Bi 21: Ho tan hn hp gm Fe2O3 v Al2O3 bng dung dch H2SO4. Hy chng minh trong dung dch thu c c ion Fe2+, Fe3+ v Al3+. Bi 22: Nhn bit cc dung dch sau mt nhn.

NH4HCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NaHCO3, NH4NO3, BaCO3, Na2CO3, HCl, H2SO4. Bi 23: Tch cc mui sau ra khi hn hp ca chng: Fe(NO3)3, Al(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2 v Zn(NO3)2 tinh khit nguyn lng. Bi 24: C 5 dung dch 0,1M ng trong 5 l mt nhn Na 2Co3; Ba(OH)2, NaOH, KHSO4, KCl. Nu khng dng thm thuc th c th nhn bit c dung dch no. Bi 25: Tch cc cht sau ra khi hn hp ca chng nguyn lng tinh khit BaO, Al2O3, ZnO, CuO, Fe2O3. Bi 26: C 4 dung dch trong sut. Mi dung dch cha mt loi ion m v mt loi ion dng trong cc ion sau: Ba2+, Mg2+, Pb2+, Na+, SO42-, Cl-, CO32-, NO3-. a. Tm cc dung dch. b. Nhn bit tng dung dch bng phng php ho hc. Bi 27: C 3 l ng hn hp bt Fe + FeO, Fe + Fe2O3; FeO + Fe2O3. Bng phng php ho hc nhn bit cc cht rn trn. Bi 28: La chn mt ho cht thch hp phn bit cc dung dch mui: NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3, MgCl2, FeCl2, FeCl3, Al(NO3)3. Bi 29: Dng phng php ho hc tch Fe, Al, Cu ra khi hn hp 3 kim loi trn. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Bi 30: Hy tm cch tch Al2(SO4) ra khi hn hp mui khan gm Na2SO4, MgSO4, BaSO4, Al2(SO4)3 bng cc phng php ho hc? C cch no tch cc mui ra khi hn hp ca chng, tinh khit hay khng? Nu c hy vit phng trnh phn ng v nu cch tch. Bi 31: Ch c dng kim loi hy nhn bit cc dung dch sau y HCl, HNO3c, AgNO3, KCl, KOH. Nu ch dng mt kim loi c th nhn bit c cc dung dch trn hay khng. Bi 32: C 6 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dung dch sau: K2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3. Ch c dng xt hy nhn bit. Bi 33: Cho 3 bnh mt nhn l A gm KHCO3 v K2CO3. B gm KHCO3 v K2SO4. C gm K2CO3 v K2SO4. Ch dng BaCl2 v dung dch HCl hy nu cch nhn bit mi dung dch mt nhn trn. Bi 34: Bng phng php no c th nhn ra cc cht rn sau y Na2CO3, MgCO3, BaCO3. Bi 35: Ch dng mt axit v mt baz thng gp hy phn bit 3 mu hp kim sau: Cu - Ag; Cu - Al v Cu - Zn Bi 36: Khng dng thm ho cht khc, da vo tnh cht hy phn bit cc dung dch K 2SO4, Al(NO3)3, (NH4)2SO4, Ba(NO3)2 v NaOH. Bi 37: C mt mu ng b ln Fe, Ag, S. Hy tm ra phng php (tr phng php in phn) tch Cu tinh khit t mu . Bi 38: Mt hn hp gm Al2O3, cuO, Fe2O3. Dng phng php ho hc tch ring tng cht.

Bi 39: Hy nuphng php nhn bit cc dung dch b mt nhn sau y: AlCl 3, NaCl, MgCl2, H2SO4. c dng thm mt trong cc thuc th sau: qu tm, Cu, Zn, dung dch NH3, HCl, NaOH, BaCl2, AgNO3, Pb(NO3)2. Bi 40: Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit 4 kim loi Al, Zn, Fe, Cu. Bi 41: T hn hp hai kim loi hy tch ring thu c tng kim loi nguyn cht. Bi 42: C 4 cht bt mu trng NaCl, AlCl3, MgCO3 v BaCO3. Ch c dng H2O v cc thit b cn thit nh l nung, bnh in phn... Hy tm cch nhn bit tng cht trn. Bi 43: Ch c CO2 v H2O lm th no nhn bit c cc cht rn sau NaCl, Na2CO3, CaCO3, BaSO4. Trnh by cch nhn bit. Vit phng trnh phn ng. Bi 44: Tch 4 kim loi Ag, Al, Cu, Mg dng bt bng phng php ho hc. Bi 45: Dng thm mt thuc th hy tm cch nhn bit cc dung dch sau, mt nhn NH4HSO4, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2, HCl, NaCl v H2SO4. Bi 46: Nhn bit cc dung dch sau NaHSO4, KHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2, Na2SO3, Ba(HCO3)2, bng cch un nng v cho tc dng ln nhau. Bi 47: 1. Ch dng dung dch H2SO4l (khng dng ho cht no khc k c nc) nhn bit cc kim loi sau Mg, Zn, Fe, Ba. 2. Hn hp A gm Na2CO3, MgCO3, BaCO3, FeCO3. Ch dng HCl v cc phng php cn thit trnh by cc iu ch tng kim loi. Bi 48: Hn hp X gm Al2O3, SiO3, SiO2. Trnh by phng php ho hc tch ring tng oxits ra khi hn hp. Bi 49: Hn hp A gm cc oxt Al2O3, KlO; CuO; F3 , O4. 1. Vit phng trnh phn ng phn t v ion rt gn vi cc dung dch sau: a. NaOH b. HNO3 c. H2SO4,nng 2. Tch ring tng oxt Bi 50: Tch cc cht sau ra khi hn hp ca chng: AlCl3; FeCl3 v BaCl2. Bi 51: C 3 l ho cht khng mu l NaCl, Na2CO3 v HCl. Nu khng dng thm ho cht no k c qu tm th c th nhn bit c khng. Bi 52: Ch dng qu tm hy phn bit cc dung dch sau: BaCl2; NH4Cl; (NH4)SO4; NaOH; Na2CO3 Bi 53: Ba cc ng 3 dung dch mt nhn gm FeSO4; Fe2(SO4)3 v MgSO4. Hy nhn bit. Bi 54: C 3 l ng hn hp dng bt (Al + Al2O3); (Fe + Fe2O3) v (FeO + Fe2O3). Bng phng php ho hc nhn bit chng. Bi 55: Tch cc kim loi Fe, Al, Cu ra khi hn hp ca chng.

Bi 56: Hn hp A gm CuO, AlCl3, CuCl2 v Al2O3. Bng phng php ho hc hy tch ring tng cht tinh khit nguyn lng. Bi 57: Ch dng qu tm nhn bit 3 dung dch cng nng sau HCl, H2SO4 v NaOH. Bi 58: Cho cc ion sau: Na+, NH4+, Ba+, Ca2+, Fe3+, Al3+, K+, Mg2+, Cu2+, CO32+, PO42+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, Br-. Trnh by mt phng n la chn ghp tt c cc ion trn thnh 3 dung dch, mi dung dch c cation v 2 anion. Trnh by phng php ho hc nhn bit 3 dung dch ny. Bi 59: Hy tm cch tch ring cc cht trong hn hp gm CaCl2, CaO, NaCl tinh khin nguyn lng. Bi 60: C cc l mt nhn cha dung dch cc cht AlCl3, ZnCl2, NaCl, MgCl2. Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit, vit phng trnh phn ng. Bi 61: C mt hn hp rn gm 4 cht nh bi 18. Bng phng php ho hc hy tch cc cht ra, nguyn lng tinh khit. Bi 62: Lm th no tch ring 3 mun NaCl, MgCl2 v NH4Cl. Bi 63: Ho tan hn hp gm Fe2O3 v Al2O3 bng dung dch H2SO4. Hy chng minh trong dung dch thu c c ion Fe2+, Fe3+ v Al3+. Bi 64: Nhn bit cc dung dch sau mt nhn. NH4HCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NaHCO3, NH4NO3, BaCO3, Na2CO3, HCl, H2SO4. Bi 65: Tch cc mui sau ra khi hn hp ca chng: Fe(NO3)3, Al(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2 v Zn(NO3)2 tinh khit nguyn lng. Bi 66: C 5 dung dch 0,1M ng trong 5 l mt nhn Na 2Co3; Ba(OH)2, NaOH, KHSO4, KCl. Nu khng dng thm thuc th c th nhn bit c dung dch no. Bi 67: Tch cc cht sau ra khi hn hp ca chng nguyn lng tinh khit BaO, Al2O3, ZnO, CuO, Fe2O3. Bi 68: C 4 dung dch trong sut. Mi dung dch cha mt loi ion m v mt loi ion dng trong cc ion sau: Ba2+, Mg2+, Pb2+, Na+, SO42-, Cl-, CO32-, NO3-. a. Tm cc dung dch. b. Nhn bit tng dung dch bng phng php ho hc. Bi 69: C 3 l ng hn hp bt Fe + FeO, Fe + Fe2O3; FeO + Fe2O3. Bng phng php ho hc nhn bit cc cht rn trn. Bi 70: La chn mt ho cht thch hp phn bit cc dung dch mui: NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3, MgCl2, FeCl2, FeCl3, Al(NO3)3. Bi 71: Dng phng php ho hc tch Fe, Al, Cu ra khi hn hp 3 kim loi trn. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.

Bi 72: Hy tm cch tch Al2(SO4) ra khi hn hp mui khan gm Na2SO4, MgSO4, BaSO4, Al2(SO4)3 bng cc phng php ho hc? C cch no tch cc mui ra khi hn hp ca chng, tinh khit hay khng? Nu c hy vit phng trnh phn ng v nu cch tch. Bi 73: Ch c dng kim loi hy nhn bit cc dung dch sau y HCl, HNO3c, AgNO3, KCl, KOH. Nu ch dng mt kim loi c th nhn bit c cc dung dch trn hay khng. Bi 74: C 6 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dung dch sau: K2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3. Ch c dng xt hy nhn bit. Bi 75: Cho 3 bnh mt nhn l A gm KHCO3 v K2CO3. B gm KHCO3 v K2SO4. C gm K2CO3 v K2SO4. Ch dng BaCl2 v dung dch HCl hy nu cch nhn bit mi dung dch mt nhn trn. Bi 76: Bng phng php no c th nhn ra cc cht rn sau y Na2CO3, MgCO3, BaCO3. Bi 77: Ch dng mt axit v mt baz thng gp hy phn bit 3 mu hp kim sau: Cu - Ag; Cu - Al v Cu - Zn Bi 78: Khng dng thm ho cht khc, da vo tnh cht hy phn bit cc dung dch K 2SO4, Al(NO3)3, (NH4)2SO4, Ba(NO3)2 v NaOH. Bi 79: C mt mu ng b ln Fe, Ag, S. Hy tm ra phng php (tr phng php in phn) tch Cu tinh khit t mu . Bi 80: Mt hn hp gm Al2O3, cuO, Fe2O3. Dng phng php ho hc tch ring tng cht Bi 81: Hy nuphng php nhn bit cc dung dch b mt nhn sau y: AlCl 3, NaCl, MgCl2, H2SO4. c dng thm mt trong cc thuc th sau: qu tm, Cu, Zn, dung dch NH3, HCl, NaOH, BaCl2, AgNO3, Pb(NO3)2. Bi 82: Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit 4 kim loi Al, Zn, Fe, Cu. Bi 83: T hn hp hai kim loi hy tch ring thu c tng kim loi nguyn cht. Bi 84: C 4 cht bt mu trng NaCl, AlCl3, MgCO3 v BaCO3. Ch c dng H2O v cc thit b cn thit nh l nung, bnh in phn... Hy tm cch nhn bit tng cht trn. Bi 85: Ch dng mt ho cht phn bit cc dung dch sau y ng trong 4 l ring bit CuSO4, Cr2(SO4)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Bi 86: Cho dung dch A cha cc ion Na+, NH4+, HCO3-, Co32- v SO42- (khng k ion H+ v H- ca H2O). Ch dng qu tm v cc dung dch HCl, Ba(OH)2 c th nhn bit cc ion no trong dung dch A. Bi 87: Qung bxits (Al2O3) dng sn xut Al thng b ln cc tp cht Fe2O3, SiO2. Lm th no c Al2O3 gn nh nguyn cht. Bi 88: C hn hp 4 kim loi Al, Fe, cu, Ag. Nu cch nhn bit s c mt ng thi ca 4 kim loi trong hn hp.

Bi 89: C mt hn hp dng bt gm cc kim loi: Al, Fe, Cu, Mg v Ag. Trnh by cch tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp. Bi 90: Mt hn hp gm KCl, MgCl2, BaCl2, AlCl3. Vit qu trnh tch ri iu ch thnh cc kim loi trn. Bi 91: Ch dng HCl v H2O nhn bit cc cht sau y ng ring trong cc dung dch mt nhn: Ag 2O, BaO, MgO, MnCl2, Al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3 v CaCO3. Bi 92: Bng phng php ho hc, hy tch SO2 ra khi hn hp gm SO2, SO3 v O2. Bi 93: Trnh by phng php tch BaO, MgO, CuO lng cc cht khng i. Bi 94: Tm cch nhn bit cc ion trong dung dch AlCl3 v FeCl3. Vit phng trnh phn ng. Bi 95: Ho tan hn hp 3 cht rn NaOH, NaHCO3 vo trong H2O c dung dch A. Trnh by cch nhn bit tng ion c mt trong dung dch A. Bi 96: Dung dch A cha cc ion Na+, SO42-, SO32-, CO32-, NO3-. Bng nhng phn ng ho hc no c th nhn bit tng loi anion c trong dungdch.' Bi 97: Trnh by phng php ho hc nhn bit cc cp cht sau (ch dng mt thuc th). a. MgCl2 v FeCl2 b. CO2 v SO2 Bi 98:Ch c nc v kh CO2 hy nhn bit 5 cht bt mu trng sau: NaCl; Na2CO3; Na2SO4; BaCO3; BaSO4 Bi 99: Cho 3 bnh:- Bnh 1 cha Na2CO3 v K2SO4 - Bnh 2 cha NaHCO3 v K2CO3 - Binh 3 cha NaHCO3 v Na2SO4 Ch dng HCl v dung dch BaCl2 phn bit ba bnh trn. Bi 100: T hn hp metanol , axeton v axitaxetic. Hy tch ra axit axetic