VERBOS AUXILIARES
TO HAVE
: Se usa para la formación de los tiempos compuestos de pasado.
TO BE
: Se usa para la forma progresiva o contínua y la voz pasiva:
I am eatingapples
, estoy comiendo manzanas;
Hamlet was written by Shakespeare
, Hamlet fueescrito por Shakespeare.
DO - DID
: Son auxiliares para las formas interrogativas y negativas de PresenteSimple y Pasado Simple.
SHALL - WILL
: a) Se usan para formar el futuro y sus pasados:
shall
, para lasprimeras personas del singular y plural;
will
, para las restantes; b) En la formainterrogativa
Will you?
equivale a
¿Quieres?
SHOULD - WOULD
: Se usan para formar los condicionales:
should
para las primeraspersonas del singular y plural;
would
, para las restantes.
LET
: Se usa para la tercera persona del singular y plural, y primera del plural delimperativo.
VERBO
TO HAVE
(tener, haber)
PRESENTE SIMPLE
I haveyou havehe haswe haveyou havethey have
PRESENTE PERFECTO
I have hadyou have hadhe has hadwe have hadyou have hadthey have had
FUTURO SIMPLE
I shall haveyou will havehe will havewe shall haveyou will havethey will have
FUTURO PERFECTO
I shall have hadyou will have hadhe will have hadwe shall have hadyou will have hadthey will have had
PASADO SIMPLE
I hadyou hadhe hadwe hadyou hadthey had
PASADO PERFECTO
I had hadyou had hadhe had hadwe had hadyou had hadthey had had
CONDICIONAL SIMPLE
I should haveyou would havehe would havewe should haveyou would havethey would have
CONDICIONAL PERFECTO
I should have hadyou would have hadhe would have hadwe should have hadyou would have hadthey would have had
APresente SimplePasado SimplePresente PerfectoPasado PerfectoFuturo SimpleCondicional SimpleFuturo PerfectoCondicional PerfectoFORMA INTERROGATIVA
have I?had I?have I had?had I had?shall I have?should I have?shall I have had?should I have had?
FORMA NEGATIVA
I have notI had notI have not hadI had not hadI shall not haveI should not haveI shall not have hadI should not have had
VERBO
TO BE
(ser, estar)
PRESENTE SIMPLE
I amyou arehe iswe areyou arethey are
PRESENTE PERFECTO
I have beenyou have beenhe has beenwe have beenyou have beenthey have been
FUTURO SIMPLE
I shall beyou will behe will bewe shall beyou will bethey will be
FUTURO PERFECTO
I shall have beenyou will have beenhe will have beenwe shall have beenyou will have beenthey will have been
PASADO SIMPLE
I wasyou werehe waswe wereyou werethey were
PASADO PERFECTO
I had beenyou had beenhe had beenwe had beenyou had beenthey had been
CONDICIONAL SIMPLE
I should beyou would behe would bewe should beyou would bethey would be
CONDICIONAL PERFECTO
I should have beenyou would have beenhe would have beenwe should have beenyou would have beenthey would have been
APresente SimplePasado SimplePresente PerfectoPasado PerfectoFuturo SimpleCondicional SimpleFuturo PerfectoCondicional PerfectoFORMA INTERROGATIVA
am I?was I?have I been?had I been?shall I be?should I be?shall I have been?should I have been?
FORMA NEGATIVA
I am notI was notI have not beenI had not beenI shall not beI should not beI shall not have beenI should not have been
Para que uso el Shall???
Se usa generalmente la palabra "shall" como decir algo que se va a hacer en elfuturo como la palabra "will":I shall eat the orange = Comeré la naranja.We shall go to the movies = Iremos al cine.Sin embargo, los americanos usan "shall" casi nunca. "Will" es más común. Quizásun inglés podría ayudarvos más.
Para que uso el Shall???
Voy a tratar de explicarlo. Aun es difícil para distinguir entre estos para loshablantes nativos de ingles.En las segundas y terceras personas y la primera persona plural, algunas veces sepuede usar "shall" para un mandato o obligación:"You shall leave tomorrow." = "Tienes que salir mañana."Con la primera persona singular, "will" y "shall" son los mismos."I shall go to the store." = "I will go to the store."Pero, hay situaciones en que "will" y "shall" significan cosas diferentes. Porejemplo:"You shall have your money" supone una promesa, mientras "You will have yourmoney" puede ser una promesa o una vista en el futuro.Pero, como ya he dicho, los americanos usan "shall" casi nunca. En casi todas lassituaciones cuando se puede usar "shall", los americanos usan "will". La únicasituacion en que yo usaría esto sería en la primera persona plural cuando un grupode personas y yo estamos a punto de ir a algún lugar, yo diría "Shall we go?" casicomo un mandato pero no sería tan fuerte como "Let's go (Vamanos)" y mas como"Can we go? (Podemos ir?)"Shall y will son los auxiliares del tiempo futuro.Sólo se usa "shall" de broma, en los EE.UU. "Shall we dance?"Hay algunos hilos flotando por aquí si buscas con la palabra shall
Para que uso el Shall???
¡Muy buena explicación, Pamplemousse!Shall es el auxiliar que indica mandato en el futuro. Will expresa una predicción ointención para el futuro.En inglés viejo (Old English, siglos IX hasta XII, creo) no hubo tiempo futuro deverbos. O más bien, era lo mismo como el presente. Entonces, shall era presente (yfuturo) de should, e indicaba mandato. (Thou shalt not kill. You shall not kill.) Willera presente de would e indicaba deseo. (I will go to the pond and fish = I want togo to the pond and fish. I would go to the pond and fish = I wanted/liked to go tothe pond and fish.)Supongo que, después de muchos años, el will y el shall se convertió en auxiliaresdel tiempo futuro. __________________Please don't hesitate to correct me. Por favor, no dudéis en corregirme
EXPLICACION EN INGLES:
Chapter II. Syntax
S
HALL AND
W
ILL
I
T
is unfortunate that the idiomatic use, while it comes by nature to southern Englishmen(who will find most of this section superfluous), is so complicated that those who are not tothe manner born can hardly acquire it; and for them the section is in danger of being useless.In apology for the length of these remarks it must be said that the short and simple directionsoften given are worse than useless. The observant reader soon loses faith in them from their constant failure to take him right; and the unobservant is the victim of false security.Roughly speaking,
should
follows the same rules as
shall,
and
would
as
will;
in whatfollows, Sh. may be taken as an abbreviation for
shall, should,
and
should have,
and W. for
will, would,
and
would have.
In our usage of the Sh. and W. forms, as seen in principal sentences, there are elements belonging to three systems. The first of these, in which each form retains its full originalmeaning, and the two are not used to give different persons of the same tense, we shall callthe pure system: the other two, both hybrids, will be called, one the coloured-future, theother the plain-future system. In Old English there was no separate future; present and futurewere one.
Shall
and
will
were the presents of two verbs, to which belong also the pasts
should
and
would,
the conditionals
should
and
would,
and the past conditionals
should have
and
would have. Shall
had the meaning of command or obligation, and
will
of wish. But ascommands and wishes are concerned mainly with the future, it was natural that a future tenseauxiliary should be developed out of these two verbs. The coloured future results from theapplication to future time of those forms that were practically useful in the pure system; theyconsequently retain in the coloured future, with some modifications, the ideas of commandand wish proper to the original verbs. The plain future results from the taking of those formsthat were practically out of work in the pure system to make what had not before existed, asimple future tense; these have accordingly not retained the ideas of command and wish.Which were the practically useful and which the superfluous forms in the pure system must
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VERBOS AUXILIARES
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